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Climate Disasters in the Philippines: a Case Study of the Immediate Causes and Root Drivers From
Zhzh ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES PROGRAM Climate Disasters in the Philippines: A Case Study of Immediate Causes and Root Drivers from Cagayan de Oro, Mindanao and Tropical Storm Sendong/Washi Benjamin Franta Hilly Ann Roa-Quiaoit Dexter Lo Gemma Narisma REPORT NOVEMBER 2016 Environment & Natural Resources Program Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138 www.belfercenter.org/ENRP The authors of this report invites use of this information for educational purposes, requiring only that the reproduced material clearly cite the full source: Franta, Benjamin, et al, “Climate disasters in the Philippines: A case study of immediate causes and root drivers from Cagayan de Oro, Mindanao and Tropical Storm Sendong/Washi.” Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University, November 2016. Statements and views expressed in this report are solely those of the authors and do not imply endorsement by Harvard University, the Harvard Kennedy School, or the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Design & Layout by Andrew Facini Cover photo: A destroyed church in Samar, Philippines, in the months following Typhoon Yolanda/ Haiyan. (Benjamin Franta) Copyright 2016, President and Fellows of Harvard College Printed in the United States of America ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCES PROGRAM Climate Disasters in the Philippines: A Case Study of Immediate Causes and Root Drivers from Cagayan de Oro, Mindanao and Tropical Storm Sendong/Washi Benjamin Franta Hilly Ann Roa-Quiaoit Dexter Lo Gemma Narisma REPORT NOVEMBER 2016 The Environment and Natural Resources Program (ENRP) The Environment and Natural Resources Program at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs is at the center of the Harvard Kennedy School’s research and outreach on public policy that affects global environment quality and natural resource management. -
Typhoon Haiyan Action Plan November 2013
Philippines: Typhoon Haiyan Action Plan November 2013 Prepared by the Humanitarian Country Team 100% 92 million total population of the Philippines (as of 2010) 54% 50 million total population of the nine regions hit by Typhoon Haiyan 13% 11.3 million people affected in these nine regions OVERVIEW (as of 12 November) (12 November 2013 OCHA) SITUATION On the morning of 8 November, category 5 Typhoon Haiyan (locally known as Yolanda ) made a direct hit on the Philippines, a densely populated country of 92 million people, devastating areas in 36 provinces. Haiyan is possibly the most powerful storm ever recorded . The typhoon first ma de landfall at 673,000 Guiuan, Eastern Samar province, with wind speeds of 235 km/h and gusts of 275 km/h. Rain fell at rates of up to 30 mm per hour and massive storm displaced people surges up to six metres high hit Leyte and Samar islands. Many cities and (as of 12 November) towns experienced widespread destruction , with as much as 90 per cent of housing destroyed in some areas . Roads are blocked, and airports and seaports impaired; heavy ships have been thrown inland. Water supply and power are cut; much of the food stocks and other goods are d estroyed; many health facilities not functioning and medical supplies quickly being exhausted. Affected area: Regions VIII (Eastern Visayas), VI (Western Visayas) and Total funding requirements VII (Central Visayas) are hardest hit, according to current information. Regions IV-A (CALABARZON), IV-B ( MIMAROPA ), V (Bicol), X $301 million (Northern Mindanao), XI (Davao) and XIII (Caraga) were also affected. -
WMO Statement on the Status of the Global Climate in 2011
WMO statement on the status of the global climate in 2011 WMO-No. 1085 WMO-No. 1085 © World Meteorological Organization, 2012 The right of publication in print, electronic and any other form and in any language is reserved by WMO. Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without authorization, provided that the complete source is clearly indicated. Editorial correspondence and requests to publish, reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to: Chair, Publications Board World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 7 bis, avenue de la Paix Tel.: +41 (0) 22 730 84 03 P.O. Box 2300 Fax: +41 (0) 22 730 80 40 CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] ISBN 978-92-63-11085-5 WMO in collaboration with Members issues since 1993 annual statements on the status of the global climate. This publication was issued in collaboration with the Hadley Centre of the UK Meteorological Office, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; the Climatic Research Unit (CRU), University of East Anglia, United Kingdom; the Climate Prediction Center (CPC), the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and the National Weather Service (NWS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), United States of America; the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) operated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), United States; the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), United States; the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), United Kingdom; the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), Germany; and the Dartmouth Flood Observatory, United States. -
Tropical Storm Tembin
Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) Philippines: Tropical Storm Tembin DREF n° MDRPH026 Glide n° TC-2017-000180-PHL; TC-2017-000182-PHL Date of issue: 22 December 2017 Categorization of crisis1: Yellow Operations manager: Point of contact: Patrick Elliott Atty. Oscar Palabyab Operations Manager Secretary General IFRC Philippine Country Office Philippine Red Cross Operation start date: 22 December 2017 Operation timeframe: 1 month, 22 January 2018 Operation budget: CHF 31,764 DREF allocation: CHF 31,764 N° of people affected: To be determined after landfall N° of people to be assisted: 5,000 Red Cross Red Crescent Movement partners actively involved in the operation: PRC is working with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) in this operation. There are 12 Partner National Societies with presence in the Philippines. PRC and IFRC are also coordinating with International Committee of the Red Cross on this operation. Other partner organizations actively involved in the operation: Government ministries and agencies including the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), the Philippine Armed Forces, the Philippine National Police Force and Local Government Units are providing assistance to affected households. PRC have a seat on the NDRRMC. A. SITUATION ANALYSIS Description of the disaster There have been two significant weather systems to enter the Philippines Area of Responsibility (PAR) since 12 December 2017. Tropical Storm Kai-tak: On 12 December 2017, a low-pressure area (LPA) within the PAR developed into a Tropical Depression which was named Kai-tak (locally Urduja). The tropical depression moved north northwest, and by 14 December was reclassified as a Tropical Storm. -
The Year That Shook the Rich: a Review of Natural Disasters in 2011
THE YEAR THAT SHOOK THE RICH: A REVIEW OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2011 The Brookings Institution – London School of Economics Project on Internal Displacement March 2012 Design: [email protected] Cover photo: © Thinkstock.com Back cover photos: left / © Awcnz62 | Dreamstime.com; right / © IOM 2011 - MPK0622 (Photo: Chris Lom) THE YEAR THAT SHOOK THE RICH: A REVIEW OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN 2011 By Elizabeth Ferris and Daniel Petz March 2012 PUBLISHED BY: THE BROOKINGS INSTITUTION – LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS PROJECT ON INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT Bangkok, Thailand — Severe monsoon floods, starting in late July 2011, affected millions of people. A truck with passengers aboard drives through a heavily flooded street. Photo: UN/Mark Garten TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms ................................................................................................................................. vi Foreword ................................................................................................................................. ix Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. xi Introduction .............................................................................................................................. xv Chapter 1 The Year that Shook the Rich ...................................................... 1 Section 1 Disasters in the “Rich” World, Some Numbers ............................................ 5 Section 2 Japan: The Most Expensive Disaster -
Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue
Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue Disaster Response Shelter Catalogue Copyright 2012 Habitat for Humanity International Front cover: Acknowledgements Sondy-Jonata Orientus’ family home was destroyed in the 2010 earthquake We are extremely grateful to all the members of the Habitat for Humanity that devastated Haiti, and they were forced to live in a makeshift tent made of network who made this publication possible. Special thanks to the global tarpaulins. Habitat for Humanity completed the family’s new home in 2011. © Habitat Disaster Response community of practice members. Habitat for Humanity International/Ezra Millstein Compilation coordinated by Mario C. Flores Back cover: Editorial support by Phil Kloer Top: Earthquake destruction in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. © Habitat for Humanity International Steffan Hacker Contributions submitted by Giovanni Taylor-Peace, Mike Meaney, Ana Cristina Middle: Reconstruction in Cagayan de Oro, Philippines, after tropical storm Washi. Pérez, Pete North, Kristin Wright, Erwin Garzona, Nicolas Biswas, Jaime Mok, © Habitat for Humanity Internationa/Leonilo Escalada Scarlett Lizana Fernández, Irvin Adonis, Jessica Houghton, V. Samuel Peter, Bottom: A tsunami-affected family in Indonesia in front of their nearly completed Justin Jebakumar, Joseph Mathai, Andreas Hapsoro, Rudi Nadapdap, Rashmi house. © Habitat for Humanity International/Kim McDonald Manandhar, Amrit Bahadur B.K., Leonilo (Tots) Escalada, David (Dabs) Liban, Mihai Grigorean, Edward Fernando, Behruz Dadovoeb, Kittipich Musica, Additional photo credits: Ezra Millstein, Steffan Hacker, Jaime Mok, Mike Meaney, Nguyen Thi Yen. Mario Flores, Kevin Kehus, Maria Chomyszak, Leonilo (Tots) Escalada, Mikel Flamm, Irvin Adonis, V. Samuel Peter, Sara E. Coppler, Tom Rogers, Joseph Mathai, Additional thanks to Heron Holloway and James Samuel for reviewing part of Justin Jebakumar, Behruz Dadovoeb, Gerardo Soto, Mihai Gregorian, Edward the materials. -
United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
This is OCHA United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 1 COORDINATION SAVES LIVES OCHA mobilizes humanitarian assistance for all people in need OCHA helps prepare for the next crisis To reduce the impact of natural and man-made disasters on people, OCHA works with Governments to strengthen their capacity to handle emergencies. OCHA assists UN Member States with early warning information, vulnerability analysis, contingency planning and national capacity-building and training, and by mobilizing support from regional networks. Cover photo: OCHA/May Munoz This page: OCHA/Jose Reyna OCHA delivers its mandate through… COORDINATION OCHA brings together people, tools and experience to save lives OCHA helps Governments access tools and services that provide life-saving relief. We deploy rapid-response teams, and we work with partners to assess needs, take action, secure funds, produce reports and facilitate civil-military coordination. ADVOCACY ! OCHA speaks on behalf of people affected by conflict and disaster ? ! Using a range of channels and platforms, OCHA speaks out publicly when necessary. We work behind the scenes, negotiating on issues such as access, humanitarian principles, and protection of civilians and aid workers, to ensure aid is where it needs to be. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ? OCHA collects, analyses and shares critical information OCHA gathers and shares reliable data on where crisis-affected people are, what they urgently need and who is best placed to assist them. Information products support swift decision-making and planning. HUMANITARIAN FINANCING OCHA organizes and monitors humanitarian funding OCHA’s financial-tracking tools and services help manage humanitarian donations from more than 130 countries. -
Typhoon Bopha Pablo Response
Philippines: Typhoon Bopha/Pablo Response Action Plan for Recovery Philippines (Mindanao) Humanitarian Action Plan 2013 This document outlines the humanitarian community’s response to the immediate humanitarian needs arising from Typhoon Bopha. Highlights • Between 4 and 7 December 2012, Typhoon Bopha, the most powerful storm to hit the Philippines in 2012, passed through the southern Philippines from Mindanao to Palawan, making landfall three times. • Out of the 5.4 million people affected, over 540 people are dead and 827 missing. • Some 368,672 people remain displaced; half of the displaced are in 173 evacuation centres; the remaining 190,871 people are staying in open areas or with family and friends. Over 46,000 houses are damaged or destroyed. • Initial rapid needs assessments and government priorities indicate dire needs in food, shelter, camp management, water and sanitation, protection and restoration of livelihoods. • By Proclamation No.522 of 7 December 2012, the President officially declared a national state of calamity and accepted offers of international assistance. • In support of Government efforts to respond to the immediate needs of the most affected people, US$65 million is sought to reach 481,000 people through 27 projects, implemented over a 3-6 month period. 5.4 million 368,672 481,000 $65 million Affected people Displaced Target beneficiaries Requested Situation Overview In the early hours of 4 December 2012, Typhoon Bopha, locally known as Pablo, hit the east coast of Mindanao in the south of the Philippines. It was the 16th and most powerful typhoon to hit the Philippines in 2012. With accumulated rainfall of 500 mm per 24 hours and wind strength of 175 km per hour, Typhoon Bopha had twice the rainfall and three times the wind strength of Tropical Storm Washi, which struck northern Mindanao in December 2011, claiming over 1,500 lives and affecting over half a million people. -
PHILIPPINES Housing, Land and Property in Urban Transitional Settlements
PHILIPPINES Housing, Land and Property in Urban Transitional Settlements HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE CASE STUDY 13 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Country: The Philippines Project location: City of Cagayan de Oro and Iligan City, Mindanao Disaster: Tropical Storm Washi (Sendong) th Disaster date: December 16 2011 VIETNAM Project timescale: 10 months PHILIPPINES Houses damaged: 13,585 completely destroyed, 37,560 damaged in the whole region. Affected population: 58,320 families affected, Mindanao 1,470 people killed, 1,074 missing, 2,020 injured. CRS target population: 1,823 households MALAYSIA Material cost per shelter (USD): $410 for relocation sites, $550 for onsite reconstruction. INDONESIA Project budget (USD): $1.9 million from USAID/ Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) Latter Day Saints Humanitarian Services and a number of private donors. Housing, Land and Property for Urban Transitional Settlements Housing, Land and Property rights include the full The flash flooding annihilated a large portion of the range of rights recognized by national, international city center. In Macasandig, the most heavily affected and human rights law, as well as those rights held under were the poor who resided informally in makeshift customary land and practice. These include housing shelters along the river banks, but also many working rights, land and natural resource rights, as well as other and middle class families who were renting accommo- property rights. The complexity of Housing, Land and dation. Property issues often pose a barrier to the effective delivery of early recovery housing operations, especially What did CRS do? in urban humanitarian responses. • Set up over 30 transitional settlement sites, con- structing transitional shelters, Water Sanitation and Housing, Land and Property issues in the Philippines Hygiene (WASH) facilities, communal kitchens and CRS implemented an urban transitional settlement site drainage. -
Lessons Learned from the 2011 Floods (The Philippines Country Report)
Lessons Learned from the 2011 Floods (The Philippines Country Report) Susan Ramos ESPINUEVA PAGASA-DOST South-EastFree AsiaPowerpoint Flood Risk Reduction Templates Forum 20 February 2012, Bangkok, Thailand PAGASA OCD-NDRRMC Outline of presentation 1. Background 2. Notable tropical cyclones and their impacts 3. Trends of flooding and response 4. Current initiatives 5. Lessons learned South-East Asia Flood Risk Reduction Forum 20 February 2012, Bangkok, Thailand The nature of flood hazard in the PH According to any criteria, the Philippines is an extremely dangerous place to inhabit. One of the most comprehensive records on the occurrence of recent natural hazards even advised that the archipelago has experienced more disasters than any other country in the world since 1900. - Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels (hereafter CRED) EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database. Residents of southern Luzon were likely to face a major typhoon once every five to six years in the eighteenth century and once every four to five years in the th 19 century. - Rantucci, Geological Disasters in the Philippines, 27; Archive of the Manila Observatory, Manila (hereafter AMO): South-East Asia Flood Risk Reduction Forum 20 February 2012, Bangkok, Thailand Weather-causing phenomena in the Philippines The climate of the PH is influenced by the complex interactions of various factors such as : Philippine Geography and Topography Ocean currents Semi-permanent cyclones and anti- cyclones -
Remote Sensing Analysis of Impact of Typhoon on Environment in the Sea Area South of Hainan Island
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Environmental Sciences 10 ( 2011 ) 1621 – 1629 2011 3rd International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology (ESIAT 2011) Remote Sensing Analysis of Impact of Typhoon on Environment in the Sea Area South of Hainan Island CHEN YongQiang1, 2,3,a, TANG DanLing1, 2 1Research Center for Remote Sensing of Marine Ecology and Environment, and Laboratory for Tropical Marine Environment Dynamics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China 2Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China 3Hainan Tropical Marine Biological Research station, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China a [email protected] Abstract MODIS derived Chlorophyll a concentration (Chl-a) ˈ Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) as well as QuickScat wind and TRMM derived accumulated rainfall data were analyzed to investigate the Chl-a and POC increase in tongue feature in the sea area south of Hainan Island. Results showed that the high Chl-a concentration area in tongue feature appeared after the passage of typhoon Washi over the middle of Hainan Island from east to west on July 30 2005. The high Chl-a and POC area stretched along 18° N to the deep interior of the SCS was detected on August 1 2005, and lasted for about one week. The formation of the Chl-a in tongue feature is caused mainly by increased load of terrestrial nutrient which was with the increased rainwater runoff during typhoon. -
Philippines and Republic of Palau – Typhoon Fact Sheet #1, Fiscal Year (Fy) 2013, December 7, 2012
PHILIPPINES AND REPUBLIC OF PALAU – TYPHOON FACT SHEET #1, FISCAL YEAR (FY) 2013, DECEMBER 7, 2012 HIGHLIGHTS NUMBERS AT Starting on December 2, Typhoon Bopha—known as Pablo in the Philippines— A GLANCE tracked south of the Republic of Palau (RoP) and across the Philippines, bringing winds of up to Category 5 strength and causing widespread damage. USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA) deployed several 456 staff members to the Philippines, RoP, and Guam to track the storm as it moved Deaths associated with through the region, coordinate assistance efforts, and conduct assessments in affected Typhoon Bopha in the areas. Philippines On December 5, 2012, the U.S. Embassy in Manila, Philippines, and the U.S. Embassy Government of the Philippines in Koror, RoP, issued disaster declarations for the effects of Typhoon Bopha. (GPH) National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) – December 7, 2012 HUMANITARIAN FUNDING FOR TYPHOON BOPHA 5.3 million USAID/OFDA Funding for RoP $100,000 People affected by USAID/OFDA Funding for the Philippines $100,000 Typhoon Bopha in the Philippines $200,000 NDRRMC – December 7, 2012 TOTAL USAID/OFDA FUNDING 213,469 KEY DEVELOPMENTS People residing in After developing southeast of the Federated States of Micronesia as a tropical evacuation centers in the Philippines depression, Typhoon Bopha tracked south of RoP’s Angaur island starting on NDRRMC – December 7, 2012 December 2 while building super typhoon-level intensity, bringing wind speeds of up to 155 miles per hour to RoP, downing trees and other vegetation, and damaging basic infrastructure, according to the U.N.