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UPPER AND LOWER CASE. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TYPOGRAPHICS PUBLISHED BY INTERNATIONALTYPEFACE CORPORATION, VOLUME EIGHT, NUMBER FOUR, DEC. 1981
PAGE 37 VOLUME EIGHT, NUMBER FOUR, DECEMBER, 1981
EDITOR: EDWARD GOTTSCHALL APT DIRECTOR: BOB FARBER EDITORIAL/DESIGN CONSULTANTS: LOUIS DORFSMAN, ALAN PECKOLICK EDITORIAL DIRECTORS: AARON BURNS. EDWARD RONOTHALER ASSOCIATE EDITOR: MARION MULLER CONTRIBUTING EDITORS: ALLAN HALEY. LORNA SHANKS Editorial RESEARCH DIRECTOR: RHODA SPARSER LUBALIN BUSINESS MANAGER: JOHN PRENTKI ADVERTISING/PRODUCTION MANAGER: HELENA WALLSCHLAG ASSISTANT TO THE EDITOR: JULIET TRAVISON ART/PRODUCTION: ILENE MEHL. ANDREA COSTA, SID TIMM, _WREN WAJDOWICZ SUBSCRIPTIONS, ELOISE COLEMAN
INTERNATIONAL TYPEFACE CORPORATION 1981 PUBLISHED FOUR TIMES A YEAR IN MARCH, JUNE, SEPTEMBER AND DECEMBER BY INTERNATIONAL TYPEFACE CORPORATION HAMMARSKJOLD PLAZA, NEW YORK. N.Y. 10017 A JOINT, OWNED SUBSIDIARY OF LUBALIN, BURNS 6 CO.. INC. AND PHOTO.LETTERING, INC. CONTROLLED CIRCULATION POSTAGE PAID AT NEW YORK, N.V. AND AT FARMINGDALE. N.Y. USTS PURL 073930 ISSN 036262. PUBLISHED IN U.S.A.
ITC FOUNDERS: AARON BURNS, PRESIDENT A NEW WORLD OF TYPOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS EDWARD RONDTHALER. CHAIRMAN EMERITUS HERB LUBALIN. EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT 1970-1981
ITC OFFICERS 1981: GEORGE SOHN, CHAIRMAN AARON BURNS. PRESIDENT We are on the verge of a new era in typeface usage. EDWARD GOTTSCHALL, VICE PRESIDENT, INFORMATION AND MARKETING SERVICES JOHN L. PETERSON, VICE PRESIDENT, SALES AND MARKETING Correspondence, memos, documents, reports, ma- JOHN PRENTKI, VICE PRESIDENT, FINANCE AND GENERAL MANAGER EDWARD BENGUIAT, VICE PRESIDENT terial customarily set in typewriter faces will soon BOB FARBER. SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT U.S. SINGLE COPIES 5I.50 be set in such faces as Helvetica, Times, Futura, ELSEWHERE. SINGLE COPIES $2.50 TO QUALIFY FOR FREE SUBSCRIPTION COMPLETE AND RETURN THE SUBSCRIPTION FORM IN THIS ISSUE TO ITC OR WRITE TO Goudy, ITC Souvenir, ITC Bookman, ITC Franklin THE ITC EXECUTIVE OFFICE, 2 HANIMARSKJOLD PLAZA, NEW YORK, N.V. 10017 Gothic, or ITC Century. WHY? Several ongoing trends are coming together They are: 1) the new capabilities of daisy wheel and mat- In this Issue: Editorial rix impact printers, laser electrographic, ink jet and other non-impact printers that five office automa- Anew look"in business communication as the tion equipment from the 100 year old limitations of typewriter heads for retirement. Pages 2 and 3 typewriter designed typefaces; 2) an increasing Thoughts awareness in the office of graphic arts typefaces; 3) a need for improved cost and communication Pithy words about books and reading by some effectiveness. visiting sages. Pages 2 and 3 Playing Cards • They're notjust for playing, but for scholarly analysis, fortunetelling, invitations, calling cards, legal tender, advertising, collecting... and more. Thoughts Page 4 Jovica Verjovie His 3-H approach to calligraphy calls fora syn- chronization of the head, the hand and the heart. Page 10 Simplicissimus Steven Heller continues his survey of satiric journals of the past with his story of Simplicis- simus, an acerbic, witty and influential German weekly. Page 14 Puzzle Find some familiar faces in a crowd of characters. You can work this puzzle vertically, horizontally, diagonally and even backwards. Page 18 The World of Vali Myers An eccentric body, with an eccentric body of work, leaves us wondering: Is this a case of life imitating art? Page 20 Bramhall Strikes Again With rapier wit and facile pen, this caricaturist goes straight to the essence of his subjects in his 1982 literary calendar Page 24 What's New from ITC? ITC Galliarcr is a contemporary adaptation, by designer Matthew Carter, of a beautiful old 16th century typeface. It is full-bodied, authoritative, elegant and highly legible in all its weights and sizes: Roman, Bold, Black and Ultra, as well as the corresponding italics. Page 28 Creative Alphabets Computer graphics may be the wave ofthe future, but that doesn't deter a dynamite designer from Connecticut. . . a class of irrepressible design students in Edinburgh. . . or a Californian com- mitted to the continuity of the rubber stamp. Page 34 The Jukebox All about the music machine with the funny name and the gorgeous chassis. Cover and color feature section designed by our guest designer, "WHERE THE Lou Dorfsman. Page 37 PRESS IS FREE Something from Everybody Our readers demonstrate eleven ways to AND EVERY MAN express "desire." Page 45 ABLE TO READ, This issue of Ugric was mailed to 165,000 readers: 130,000 ,ktiOLLEASAFE: in the United States and Canada, and 35,000 abroad. It will be read by approximately 500,000 people. TABLE OF CONTENTS AND EDITORIAL SET IN ITC BARCELONA'!" MASTHEAD SET IN ITC NEWTEXT' (REDUCED) ILLUSTRATIONS BY WALLY NEIBART ITC QUORU 3
WHERE TYPEFACES FIT IN design program in which typography plays a key "office of the future" which is already being called role, the typefaces selected for the corporate type the "office of today." We are truly witnessing the Typefaces (as opposed to typewriter faces) often styles and advertising programs can also be used in dawn of a new era in communications... the office is make possible the accommodation of almost twice correspondence, memoranda, internal documents entering the world of typographic communications. as much copy in a given space. The resultant and reports. savings in paper, printing, plates, filing space and A TYPOGRAPHIC EVOLUTION distribution costs can be considerable. TYPEFACES AND OFFICES While one cannot put a ruler on these trends and COMMUNICATION EFFECTIVENESS Many major manufacturers of office printers are truly measure their effects, it would appear their planning to introduce typefaces on their printers in first impact will be for manufacturers to introduce Furthermore, in addition to saving money, type- the near future. One, Xerox Corporation, recently typefaces which will produce work that was not faces attract readership, improve readability and became an ITC Subscriber and is now licensed to typeset before. At first, the limited range of type offer alternate ways to add emphasis—with italics, offer ITC typefaces on some of its electronic printers. families, of typefaces within a family and of type changes in point sizes, use of bold faces, and choices In Xerox's words, "The ITC agreement. . . marks a sizes, and often the lower than graphic arts resolu- of contrasting typefaces, etc. These typographic major commitment by Xerox to ensure typographic tion of most of the new printers, is likely to slow the design options are in addition to the limited choices excellence for all our electronic printing products." development of this typographic communication of only underscoring or capitalizing available on revolution. But as the level of output quality typewriters. THE OFFICE OF TODAY increases and costs of equipment decrease, typog- FOR CORPORATE DESIGN This is a mcijor breakthrough into the office auto- raphy, with all its communications advantages, will mation market. Typographic arts quality, not type- pervade the office as it now does in advertising, For companies with a carefully developed corporate writer quality, is what the future portends for the publishing and commercial printing.
"IF LANGUAGE IS INCORRECT, 4*, 3I1 THEN WHAT IS aril rn; Par \ linie SAID IS NOT TIMM '\* (VI II \ \\\\\\ MEANT. "THERE IS DANGER IF WHAT IS SAID IN READING BAD IS NOT MEANT, "AS GOAN) BOOKS, BUT THEN WHAT ALMONT ALSO GREATER OUGHT TO DE KILL A MAN DANGER IN NOT DONE REMAINS AS KILL A READING GOOD UNDONE: GOOD BOOK: JOHN COURTNEY MURRAY
ITC SERIF GOTHIC® ITC TIFFANY FRIZ QUADRATA 4
praying cards they're not just for paying
For most of us, a deck of cards is a deck demonstrate: "One, two, three,four, ve, six, replete with phrases like, "it could be,' "sup- of cards — a commonplace, unremarkable seven, eight, nine, ten, jack, queen, ng !" posed," "it is believed,' etc., etc. So in the item. But when you stop to contemplate the And that's just one instance of how thor- same spirit, we offer this brief synopsis of idea of playing cards, it becomes something oughly cards have permeated our culture. historical data: Playing cards may have been of a phenomenon of our civilization. Rich, For most of us, also, playing "cards" invented in China, about 1120 A.D.,for poor... old, young ...wizard/yokel— every- translates into a game— Bridge, Canasta, the amusement of a reigning potentate and body has some experience with cards in the Poker, Pinochle, Blackjack, Casino, Hearts, his concubines ... or thousands of years course of a lifetime. Even a little 3-yr-old Rummy (in an infinite variety of versions), earlier in India.... or in Egypt... or among we know, when asked if she could count to Solitaire, and so on. We've seen cards used Arabic tribes. ten, replied, "Of course!" and proceeded to for conjurin.g,fortuneteffing and parlor tricks. As for their introduction into Europe, But for some people, the name of the game is collecting. The series of cards spread out on the next few pages are from the -collection of Mr. Leonard Schneir of New York City. His col- lection is devoted to American cards of the 19th and 20th centuries. Other private col- lectors have their specialties But the histoiy, esthetics and cultural ramifications of playing cards have made them collectors' items for art museums, historical societies and major libraries throughout the world. There is much to learn about costumes, politics, social mores, religious attitudes and moral persuasions of an era by exam- ining their playing cards, as scholars and collectors have been doing. It would be unforgivable to launch into a discourse on playing cards without digging back into their origin. But nailing down facts turns into an exercise in futility and frustration. All the reference material is 1896—Transformation Deck, Hustling Joe
there is again a series of multiple choices. It is also (mown for certain that by the such, a They may have been brought back by the 14th century playing cards was Crusaders (inveterate gamblers) returning widespread activity throughout Europe, from the East... or by fortunetelling gypsies government and religious authorities were from India... by Moors crossing into Spain up in arms about it. Edicts and proclama- from Africa... or by all of the above. It is tions were issued condemning the practice. known for sure that cards were introduced to the New World by Spanish, sailors and soldiers in the course of their explorations and conquests.
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In France, at the close of the century, engravers and printers throughout Europe. the provost of Paris decreed that working fess cyfasciriating . The earliest Chinese packs people could not play at tennis, bowls, dice, In17th century England, the traffic in play- were long and narrow, with markings like ing cards was so heavy, cards or nine-pins on working days. In a ban was placed the money of the period. Early decks from Bologna, Italy, St. Bernardino delivered on imports from the continent to protect India were round, with as many ser- home industry. It was a as ten suits, mons labeling cards the invention of the devil. money-maker for each one representing one of the incarna- the government, too, when Parliament tions of the Hindu god, Nevertheless, the fun and games con- levied a tax on Vishnu. In Europe, tinued. By the 15th century, card-making each. pack. sold- a quaint cards designed exclusively for the pleasure was a well developed craft, employing custom. that persists to this day. of royalty were sumptuous affairs - each painters, etchers, woodblock. cutters, . The changing designs and esthetics of card hand painted and often illuminated playing cards through the centuries is end- with gold or silver. But when they were adapted for the mass market, designs were used as suits — acorns, bells, cups, spears, printed by the sheet, from woodffocks, and etc. — the suits we use today derive directly colors were applied with stencils. from the 15th century French. "pips" as they The imagery on cards related to the are called: Coeurs (Hearts) symbolized the games people played. Early on, the games Church; Carreaux (Diamonds) represented derived from chess and the cards had war- the arrowheads of vassals; Trefles (Clubs) inspired motifs. Later, they reflected the for the peasants of the domain, and Piques society of the medieval courts, with Kings, (Spades) stood for the Knight's lance. Queens, Vassals and Jesters. It was in the 17th century in France that Although a variety of symbols have been the elaborate Tarot cards were first intro-
GLN. P. G. T. iiKAUE :ARM
1863—Confederate General Series duced, with numbers, suits and a code of em- history, mythology, poetry, music, even blems for fortuneteffing as well as gaming. morality lessons were printed on cards for Church and government protests not- study and contemp lation. withstanding, playing cards was big busi- Another curiosity (which ended in the ness. Observing the lure of "chance" and 19th century) was the proliferation of cards the delights implicit in the cards themselves, with blank. backs. The empty space was astute business people and clergymen often put to use as a calling card, invita- turned the demon cards into socially tion, pass slip, credit note or memo pad. The acceptable devices. They devised teaching most unusual use on record goes back. to the games with. cards. Spelling, geography, time of the French occupation of Canada. When the commanding general ran out of gold to pay his troops, he marked the backs of playing cards with, an assigned mone- tary value, and they were used as legal tender. For the most part, though, backs of cards have been heavily designed or imprinted with strong color to prevent them from be- ing either accidentally or deliberately "marked." With the variety of peripheral uses for playing cards already established, it required no great stretch of the imagination to see their potential as an advertising medium. Mr. Schneir's collection includes a number of advertising cards, as well as other cate- gories and themes. Some are memorabilia from Worlds Fairs and Expositions. Others celebrate heroes of history, sports and the entertainment world. There are patriotic decks with symbols of Americana and military heroes for picture cards. Perhaps his most unique acquisitions are his "trans- formation" cards in which the pips (suit