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Home , Brama dussumieri, Taractes

FAMILY Bramidae Bonaparte, 1831 [=Chelodonidi, Bramini, Pteraclidae, Lepodotiformes, Steinegeriidae, Pterycombidae, Lepidotidae, Trachyberycidae] Notes: Chelodonidi Rafinesque, 1810a:54 [ref. 3594] (ordine) Lepodus [no stem of the type , not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Bramini Bonaparte, 1831:157, 173 [ref. 4978] (subfamily) Bloch & Schneider Pteraclidae Swainson, 1839:49 [ref. 4302] (family) Pteracles [on p. 178 and 257 as Pteraclinae; stem changed to Pteraclid- by Gill 1872:9 [ref. 26254]; original stem Pteracl- confirmed by Gill 1873:787 [ref. 17631], by Jordan & Evermann 1896a:955 [ref. 2443], by Jordan 1923a:182 [ref. 2421], by Nelson 1976:236 [ref. 32838] and by Nelson 2006:365 [ref. 32486]] Lepodontiformes Bleeker, 1876b:299 [ref. 448] (subfamily) Lepodus [stem changed to Lepod- by Fowler 1906b:121 [ref. 1372], confirmed by Myers & Storey1956:19 [ref. 32831]] Steinegeriidae Jordan & Evermann, 1896a:960 [ref. 2443] (family) Steinegeria Pterycombidae Shufeldt, 1912:46 [ref. 31946] (family) Lepidotidae de Buen, 1926:90 [ref. 5054] (family) Lepidotus Trachyberycidae Maul, 1954:18 [ref. 32626] (family) Trachyberyx

GENUS Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801 [=Brama Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.], 1801:98, Amblytoxotes Bleeker [P.], 1876:311, Collybus Snyder [J. O.], 1904:525, Lepidotus Asso [I. de], 1801:38, Lepodus Rafinesque [C. S.], 1810:53, Tylometopon Bleeker [P.], 1873:133] Notes: [ref. 471]. Fem. Sparus raii Bloch, 1791. Type by subsequent designation. Type first designated by Bory de Saint-Vincent, v. 3, 1823:260 [ref. 3853] (see Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199] and Whitley 1935:137 [ref. 6396]). •Valid as Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801 -- (Mead 1972:25 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199], Mochizuki in Masuda et al. 1984:159 [ref. 6441], Haedrich in Whitehead et al. 1986:848 [ref. 13676], Smith 1986:633 [ref. 5712], Yatsu & Nakamura 1989:190 [ref. 13449], Gomon et al. 1994:591 [ref. 22532], Moteki et al. 1995 [ref. 21594], Last & Moteki 2001:2827 [ref. 26096], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:651 [ref. 25968], Thompson 2003:1471 [ref. 27088], Parin 2003:S9 [ref. 28536], Bray et al. 2006:1184 [ref. 29088], Gomon & Last 2008:582 [ref. 30651], Carvalho-Filho et al. 2009:25 [ref. 30553], Shinohara et al. 2011:49 [ref. 31715], Parin et al. 2014:365 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801. Bramidae. (Amblytoxotes) [ref. 448]. Fem. Toxotes squamosus Hutton, 1875. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801 -- (Mead 1972:25 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801. Bramidae. (Collybus) [ref. 4149]. Masc. Collybus drachme Snyder, 1904. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801 -- (Mead 1972:25 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801. Bramidae. (Lepidotus) [ref. 6523]. Masc. Lepidotus catalonicus Asso, 1801. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801 -- (Mead 1972:25 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801. Bramidae. (Lepodus) [ref. 3594]. Masc. Lepodus saragus Rafinesque, 1810. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801 -- (Mead 1972:25 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801. Bramidae. (Tylometopon) [ref. 431]. Neut. Brama dussumieri Cuvier, 1831. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801 -- (Mead 1972:25 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Brama Bloch & Schneider, 1801. Bramidae.

Species Brama australis Valenciennes, 1838 [=Brama australis Valenciennes [A.], 1838:no page number, Pl. 44 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Le règne distribué d'après son organisation; ref. 17868] Current status: Valid as Brama australis Valenciennes, 1838. Bramidae. Distribution: Southern Circumglobal. Habitat: marine.

Species Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788) [=Sparus brama Bonnaterre [J. P.] (ex Pennant), 1788:104, Pl. 50 (fig. 192), Sparus castaneola Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1802:33, 111, Lepidotus catalonicus Asso y del Rio [I. J. de], 1801:38, Pl. 35 (fig. 2), Brama chilensis Guichenot [A.], 1848:218, Sparus dentatus Berkenhout [J.], 1789:74, Sparus johnsoni Walbaum [J. J.], 1792:302, Brama marina Fleming [J.], 1828:210, Sparus niger Turton [W.], 1800:789, Brama pinnasquamata Couch [J.], 1849:xxvi, Fig., Sparus raii Bloch [M. E.], 1791:95, Pl. 273, Brama raji Bloch [M. E.] & Schneider [J. G.], 1801:99, Lepodus saragus Rafinesque [C. S.], 1810:54, Toxotes squamosus Hutton [F. W.], 1875:313, Chaetodon umbratus Cabrera [A.], Pérez [L.] & Haenseler [F.], 1817:4, Chaetodon umbratus Cabrera, Pérez [A.] & Haenseler [F.], in Machado, 1857:23] Notes: [Tableau encyclopédique et méthodique des trois règnes de la nature... Ichthyologie; ref. 4940] Near mouth of the River Tees, between Hartlepool and redcar, Northeast coast of England. Current status: Valid as Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in temperate seas (including western Baltic Sea, North Sea, western Mediterranean Sea). Habitat: marine. (castaneola) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (catalonicus) [Anales de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid. v. 4 (no. 10); ref. 6523] Mar de Cataluna, Zaragoza, Spain, western Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (chilensis) [Fauna Chilena.... in Gay.; ref. 1939] Valparaíso, Chile. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (dentatus) [Synopsis of the natural history of Great-Britain and Ireland v. 1; ref. 12437] United Kingdom. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (johnsoni) [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] English seas. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (marina) [A history of British ; ref. 1339] England. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (niger) [A general system of nature v. 1; ref. 17934] Yorkshire, U.K. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (pinnasquamata) [The Zoologist: a Popular Miscellany of Natural History. v. 7 (Appendix, art. 3); ref. 18052] England. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (raii) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 5; ref. 4867] North Atlantic or European seas. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (raji) [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Northern seas. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (saragus) [Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia; ref. 3594] Palermo, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (squamosus) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 16 (no. 95) (art. 41); ref. 18317] Cook Strait, New Zealand. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (umbratus) [Lista de los peces del mar de Andalucía; ref. 17319] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae. (umbratus) [Catálogo de los peces que habitán ó frecuentan las costas de Cadiz y Huelva con inclusion de los del Rio Guadalquivir.; ref. 17320] Western Andalusia, near Cádiz, Spain, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788). Bramidae.

Species Mead, 1972 [=Brama caribbea Mead [G. W.], 1972:63, Figs. 28-30] Notes: [Dana Report No. 81; ref. 6976] Off Suriname, 7°46'N, 54°36'W, depth 400 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Brama caribbea Mead, 1972. Bramidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic. Habitat: marine.

Species Brama dussumieri Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831 [=Brama dussumieri Cuvier [G.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831:294, Brama leucotaenia Fowler [H. W.], 1938:44, Fig. 15] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Pris sous l'équateur, par 85° de longitude à l'orient de Paris [eastern Indian Ocean, ca. 0°N, 87°20'E]. Current status: Valid as Brama dussumieri Cuvier, 1831. Bramidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas (including Seychelles, Madagascar, Mascarenes, Maldives, Hawaiian Islands). Habitat: marine. (leucotaenia) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 85 (no. 3032); ref. 1426] Off Balukbaluk Island, near Basilan Island, Sulu Archipelago, 6°44'45"N, 121°48'00"E, Albatross station 5134, depth 25 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Brama dussumieri Cuvier, 1831. Bramidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Hilgendorf, 1878 [=Brama japonica Hilgendorf [F. M.], 1878:1] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1878 (for 15 Jan.); ref. 2171] Japan Sea. Current status: Valid as Brama japonica Hilgendorf, 1878. Bramidae. Distribution: North Pacific: Kuril Islands, Japan and Aleutian Islands east to California (U.S.A.), south to Hawaiian Ridge. Habitat: marine.

Species Brama myersi Mead, 1972 [=Brama myersi Mead [G. W.], 1972:76, Figs. 35-36] Notes: [Dana Report No. 81; ref. 6976] Eastern Pacific, 15°14'N, 159°55'E. Current status: Valid as Brama myersi Mead, 1972. Bramidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Hawaiian Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Kermadec Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Cuvier, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831 [=Brama orcini Cuvier [G.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831:295, Collybus drachme Snyder [J. O.], 1904:525, Pl. 9 (fig. 16)] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 7; ref. 4881] Pris sous l'équateur, par 85° de longitude à l'orient de Paris [eastern Indian Ocean, ca. 0°N, 87°20'E]. Current status: Valid as Brama orcini Cuvier, 1831. Bramidae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: South Africa, Réunion (Mascaranes) and Chagos Archipelago east to Hawaiian Islands, and southern California (U.S.A.) to Mexico. Habitat: marine. (drachme) [Bulletin of the U. S. Fish Commission v. 22 [1902]; ref. 4149] Off Niihau Island, Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Synonym of Brama orcini Cuvier, 1831. Bramidae. Distribution: Cosmopolitan. Habitat: marine. Species Brama pauciradiata Moteki et al., 1995 [=Brama pauciradiata Moteki [M.], Fujita [K.] & Last [P. R.], 1995:421, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 41 (no. 4); ref. 21594] Southwest of Imperieuse Reef, Rowley Shoals, Australia, 17°52'S, 118°16'E, depth 550 meters. Current status: Valid as Brama pauciradiata Moteki, Fujita & Last, 1995. Bramidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Eumegistus Jordan & Jordan, 1922 [=Eumegistus Jordan [D. S.] & Jordan [E. K.], 1922:35, Pseudotaractes Abe [T.], 1961:94] Notes: [ref. 2487]. Masc. Eumegistus illustris Jordan & Jordan, 1922. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Eumegistus Jordan & Jordan, 1922 -- (Mead 1972:8 [ref. 6976], Mochizuki in Masuda et al. 1984:160 [ref. 6441], Yatsu & Nakamura 1989:190 [ref. 13449], Last & Moteki 2001:2827 [ref. 26096], Thompson 2003:1471 [ref. 27088], Moteki 2005:202 [ref. 28308], Bray et al. 2006:1185 [ref. 29088], Carvalho-Filho et al. 2009:5 [ref. 30553]). Current status: Valid as Eumegistus Jordan & Jordan, 1922. Bramidae. (Pseudotaractes) [ref. 7]. Masc. Brama saussurii Lunel, 1865. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Eumegistus Jordan & Jordan, 1922 -- (Mead 1972:8 [ref. 6976]). Current status: Synonym of Eumegistus Jordan & Jordan, 1922. Bramidae.

Species Eumegistus brevorti (Poey, 1860) [=Brama brevorti Poey [F.], 1860:206, Pl. 13 (fig. 17), Brama saussurii Lunel [G.], 1866:185, Pl. 2] Notes: [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Current status: Valid as Eumegistus brevorti (Poey, 1860). Bramidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida and Sea to Brazil; also apparently West Africa (juveniles). Habitat: marine. (saussurii) [Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Genève v. 18 (pt 2); ref. 14183] Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Eumegistus brevorti (Poey, 1860). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. Species Eumegistus illustris Jordan & Jordan, 1922 [=Eumegistus illustris Jordan [D. S.] & Jordan [E. K.], 1922:36, Pl. 2 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 10 (no. 1); ref. 2487] Honolulu market, Oahu Island, Hawaiian Islands. Current status: Valid as Eumegistus illustris Jordan & Jordan, 1922. Bramidae. Distribution: Central Indian Ocean, western and central Pacific: East Africa and Réunion (Mascarenes) east to Hawaiian Islands, Society Islands and Marquesas Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Gronow, 1772 [=Pteraclis Gronow [L. T.], 1772:43, Bentenia Jordan [D. S.] & Snyder [J. O.], 1901:306, Oligopodes Cuvier [G.] (ex Risso), 1816:328, Pteracles Swainson [W.], 1838:41, Pteraclidus Rafinesque [C. S.], 1815:82, Pteridium Scopoli [J. A.], 1777:454] Notes: [ref. 12602]. Neut. Pteraclis pinnata Gronow, 1772. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Pteraclis Gronow, 1772 -- (Mead 1972:104 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:388 [ref. 7199], Mochizuki in Masuda et al. 1984:160 [ref. 6441], Haedrich in Whitehead et al. 1986:849 [ref. 13676], Smith 1986:634 [ref. 5712], Yatsu & Nakamura 1989:190 [ref. 13449], Last & Moteki 2001:2826 [ref. 26096], Thompson 2003:1470 [ref. 27088], Bray et al. 2006:1185 [ref. 29088], Gomon & Last 2008:584 [ref. 30651], Carvalho-Filho et al. 2009:24 [ref. 30553], Shinohara et al. 2011:49 [ref. 31715]). Current status: Valid as Pteraclis Gronow, 1772. Bramidae. (Bentenia) [ref. 2506]. Fem. Bentenia aesticola Jordan & Snyder, 1901. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772 – (Mead 1973:388 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772. Bramidae. (Oligopodes) [ref. 993]. Masc. Oligopus niger Risso, 1827. Type by monotypy. Type originally as "l'Oligopode noir" of Risso, later named Oligopodus niger. •Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772. Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772. Bramidae. (Pteracles) [ref. 4302]. Masc. Pteraclis trichipterus Valenciennes, 1833. Type be being an unjustified emendation. Also p. 20 and 1839:47, 178, 257 [ref. 4303]. Unjustified emendation of Pteraclis (on Cuvier), but not clear from text; if independently described then dates to 1838:41 with type Pteraclis trichipterus Valenciennes, 1833. •Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772. Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772. Bramidae. (Pteraclidus) [ref. 3584]. Masc. Not available; name only; apparently an incorrect subsequent spelling of Pteraclis Gronow with Oligopodus Lacepède apparently synonymized. •In the synonymy of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772 -- (Mead 1973:388 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772. Bramidae. (Pteridium) [ref. 3990]. Neut. Coryphaena velifera Pallas, 1770. Type by monotypy. Apparently intended as a new name credited to himself, not a replacement for Pteraclis. •Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772 -- (Mead 1972:104 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:388 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis Gronow, 1772. Bramidae.

Species Pteraclis aesticola (Jordan & Snyder, 1901) [=Bentenia aesticola Jordan [D. S.] & Snyder [J. O.], 1901:306, Pl. 16 (fig. 6)] Notes: [Journal of the College of Science. Imperial University, Tokyo v. 15 (pt 2); ref. 2506] Off Kashima coast near Mito, Hitachi, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Current status: Valid as Pteraclis aesticola (Jordan & Snyder, 1901). Bramidae. Distribution: Pacific: southern Japan and Mariana Islands, Hawaiian Islands, east to Easter Island, Sala-y-Gomez Ridge (southeastern Pacific) and California (U.S.A.). Habitat: marine.

Species Pteraclis carolinus Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833 [=Pteraclis carolinus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833:368, Pteraclis papilio Lowe [R. T.], 1843:83] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] Off coast of South Carolina, U.S.A. Current status: Valid as Pteraclis carolinus Valenciennes, 1833. Bramidae. Distribution: Tropical Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (papilio) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1843 (pt 11); ref. 2832] Off Madeira. Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis carolinus Valenciennes, 1833. Bramidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pteraclis velifera (Pallas, 1770) [=Coryphaena velifera Pallas [P. S.], 1770:19, Pl. 3 (fig. 1), Pteraclis velifer australiae Whitley [G. P.], 1935:238, Pteraclis guttatus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833:370, Pteraclis ocellatus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833:363, Pl. 271, Pteraclis pinnata Gronow [L. T.], 1772:44, Pl. 2, Pteraclis trichipterus Valenciennes [A.], in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833:367] Notes: [Spicilegia Zoologica v. 1 (fasc. 8); ref. 12293] In Oceano utriusque Indiae, praesertim Orientalis [Indian Ocean]. Current status: Valid as Pteraclis velifera (Pallas, 1770). Bramidae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: South Africa and Mozambique to Madagascar and western Mascarenes; possibly Indonesia; Australia and New Zealand to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine. (australiae) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 19 (no. 4); ref. 4683] Washed ashore at Balmoral, Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis velifera (Pallas, 1770). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (guttatus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis velifera (Pallas, 1770). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (ocellatus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] Mozambique Channel, 30°S. Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis velifera (Pallas, 1770). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (pinnata) [Acta Helvetica, Physico-Mathematico-Anatomico-Botanico-Medica (Basile) v. 7; ref. 12602] Indian Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis velifera (Pallas, 1770). Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (trichipterus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] Indian seas. Current status: Synonym of Pteraclis velifera (Pallas, 1770). Bramidae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Pterycombus Fries, 1837 [=Pterycombus Fries [B. F.], 1837:15, Centropholis Hilgendorf [F. M.], 1878:1, Centropholoides Smith [J. L. B.], 1949:313] Notes: [ref. 1501]. Masc. Pterycombus brama Fries, 1837. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Pterycombus Fries, 1837 -- (Mead 1972:93 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:387 [ref. 7199], Mochizuki in Masuda et al. 1984:160 [ref. 6441], Haedrich in Whitehead et al. 1986:850 [ref. 13676], Smith 1986:635 [ref. 5712], Yatsu & Nakamura 1989:190 [ref. 13449], Last & Moteki 2001:2826 [ref. 26096], Thompson 2003:1470 [ref. 27088], Bray et al. 2006:1186 [ref. 29088], Carvalho-Filho et al. 2009:20 [ref. 30553], Shinohara et al. 2011:49 [ref. 31715], Parin et al. 2014:365 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Pterycombus Fries, 1837. Bramidae. (Centropholis) [ref. 2171]. Fem. Centropholis petersii Hilgendorf, 1878. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Pterycombus Fries, 1837 -- (Mead 1972:93 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:388 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Pterycombus Fries, 1837. Bramidae. (Centropholoides) [ref. 5846]. Masc. Pterycombus falcatus Barnard, 1927. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Pterycombus Fries, 1837 -- (Mead 1972:93 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:388 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Pterycombus Fries, 1837. Bramidae.

Species Pterycombus brama Fries, 1837 [=Pterycombus brama Fries [B. F.], 1837:15, Pl. 2, Centropholis goodei Jordan [D. S.], 1919:333, Pl. 58 (lower fig.), Centropholis ledanoisi Belloc [G.], 1926:271, Fig., Pterycombus brama thynniculina Maksimov [V. P.] & Hognestad [P. T.], 1969:860, Fig.] Notes: [Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens handlingar. 1837; ref. 1501] Ishafvet, off Norway. Current status: Valid as Pterycombus brama Fries, 1837. Bramidae. Distribution: Western Baltic Sea, North Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic. Habitat: marine. (goodei) [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 12 (nos 3-4) (4); ref. 2411] Northwestern Atlantic, 28°40'00"N, 78°46'00"W, Albatross station 2660, depth 504 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Pterycombus brama Fries, 1837. Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (ledanoisi) [Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Série 1) v. 32 (no. 5); ref. 19950] North of Grand Sole bank, 49°53'N, depth 360 meters; Cape of Bojador, northwestern Africa. Current status: Synonym of Pterycombus brama Fries, 1837. Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (thynniculina) [Zoologicheskii Zhurnal v. 48 (no. 6); ref. 7828] Gulf of Guinea (stomach contents). Current status: Synonym of Pterycombus brama Fries, 1837. Bramidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Pterycombus petersii (Hilgendorf, 1878) [=Centropholis petersii Hilgendorf [F. M.], 1878:2, Pterycombus falcatus Barnard [K. H.], 1927:599, Pl. 25 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1878 (for 15 Jan.); ref. 2171] Enosima, Japan. Current status: Valid as Pterycombus petersii (Hilgendorf, 1878). Bramidae. Distribution: Southeastern Atlantic: South Africa; Indo-West Pacific: South Africa and Réunion (western Mascarenes) east to Hawaiian Ridge and Line Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern New Zealand. Habitat: marine. (falcatus) [Annals of the South African Museum v. 21 (pt 2); ref. 194] Cape Seas, South Africa, no exact locality, very probably Table Bay. Current status: Synonym of Pterycombus petersii (Hilgendorf, 1878). Bramidae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Taractes Lowe, 1843 [=Taractes Lowe [R. T.], 1843:82, Steinegeria Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.], 1887:467, Trachyberyx Roule [L.], 1929:2] Notes: [ref. 2832]. Masc. Taractes asper Lowe, 1843. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Taractes Lowe, 1843 -- (Mead 1972:16 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199], Mochizuki in Masuda et al. 1984:159 [ref. 6441], Haedrich in Whitehead et al. 1986:851 [ref. 13676], Smith 1986:635 [ref. 5712], Yatsu & Nakamura 1989:190 [ref. 13449], Last & Moteki 2001:2827 [ref. 26096], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:651 [ref. 25968], Thompson 2003:1471 [ref. 27088], Parin 2003:S9 [ref. 28536], Bray et al. 2006:1186 [ref. 29088], Parin et al. 2014:365 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Valid as Taractes Lowe, 1843. Bramidae. (Steinegeria) [ref. 2441]. Fem. Steinegeria rubescens Jordan & Evermann, 1887. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Taractes Lowe, 1843 -- (Mead 1972:16 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Taractes Lowe, 1843. Bramidae. (Trachyberyx) [ref. 3822]. Masc. Trachyberyx barretoi Roule, 1929. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Taractes Lowe, 1843 – (Mead 1972:16 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:386 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Taractes Lowe, 1843. Bramidae.

Species Taractes asper Lowe, 1843 [=Taractes asper Lowe [R. T.], 1843:83, Trachyberyx barretoi Roule [L.], 1929:2, Fig., Taractes platycephalus Matsubara [K.], 1936:297, Fig. 1, Brama raschii Esmark [L.], 1862:239, Pl.] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1843 (pt 11); ref. 2832] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Taractes asper Lowe, 1843. Bramidae. Distribution: Circumglobal, antiequatorial (including western Baltic Sea, North Sea, Hawaiian Ridge). Habitat: marine. (barretoi) [Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco) No. 546; ref. 3822] Madeira. Current status: Synonym of Taractes asper Lowe, 1843. Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (platycephalus) [Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries v. 4 (no. 5); ref. 17609] Sagami Bay, Japan. Current status: Synonym of Taractes asper Lowe, 1843. Bramidae. Habitat: marine. (raschii) [Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-selskabet i Christiania (for 1861); ref. 17458] Altafjord, northern Norway. Current status: Synonym of Taractes asper Lowe, 1843. Bramidae. Habitat: marine.

Species (Jordan & Evermann, 1887) [=Steinegeria rubescens Jordan [D. S.] & Evermann [B. W.], 1887:467] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 586); ref. 2441] Off Pensacola, Florida, , U.S. A. (stomach content). Current status: Valid as Taractes rubescens (Jordan & Evermann, 1887). Bramidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical seas, including Hawaiian Islands. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Taractichthys Mead & Maul, 1958 [=Taractichthys (subgenus of Taractes) Mead[G. W.] & Maul [G. E.], 1958:407, 408, Argo Döderlein [L.], in Steindachner & Döderlein, 1883:242, Pl. 7] Notes: [ref. 2956]. Masc. Brama longipinnis Lowe, 1843. Type by original designation. •Valid as Taractichthys Mead & Maul, 1958 – (Mead 1972:25 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:387 [ref. 7199], Mochizuki in Masuda et al. 1984:160 [ref. 6441], Haedrich in Whitehead et al. 1986:853 [ref. 13676], Smith 1986:635 [ref. 5712], Yatsu & Nakamura 1989:190 [ref. 13449], Last & Moteki 2001:2827 [ref. 26096], Thompson 2003:1471 [ref. 27088], Bray et al. 2006:1187 [ref. 29088]). Current status: Valid as Taractichthys Mead & Maul, 1958. Bramidae. (Argo) [ref. 4246]. Fem. Argo steindachneri Döderlein, 1883. Type by monotypy. Appeared first in figure caption to Pl. 7; appeared as name in synonymy of Brama longipinnis in Steindachner & Döderlein 1883:174-175 [ref. 4247]. Apparently preoccupied by Argo Herrmannsen, 1846 in Mollusca, perhaps also by Argo Bohadsch, 1761 in Mollusca [not researched]. •Synonym of Taractichthys Mead & Maul, 1958 -- (Mead 1972:83 [ref. 6976], Mead 1973:397 [ref. 7199]). Current status: Synonym of Taractichthys Mead & Maul, 1958. Bramidae. Species Taractichthys longipinnis (Lowe, 1843) [=Brama longipinnis Lowe [R. T.], 1843:82, Brama princeps Johnson [J. Y.], 1863:36] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1843 (pt 11); ref. 2832] Madeira, eastern Atlantic. Current status: Valid as Taractichthys longipinnis (Lowe, 1843). Bramidae. Distribution: Circumglobal in tropical and warm temperate seas (including western Baltic Sea, North Sea). Habitat: marine. (princeps) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1863 (pt 1); ref. 5021] Madeira. Current status: Synonym of Taractichthys longipinnis (Lowe, 1843). Bramidae. Habitat: marine.

Species Taractichthys steindachneri (Doderlein, in Steindachner & Doderlein, 1883) [=Argo steindachneri Döderlein [L.], in Steindachner & Döderlein, 1883:242 [34], Pl. 7, Taractes miltonis Whitley [G. P.], 1938:193, Pl. 19] Notes: [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 47 (1. abth.); ref. 4246] Tokyo, Japan. Current status: Valid as Taractichthys steindachneri (Döderlein, 1883). Bramidae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-Pacific: South Africa and Réunion (western Mascarenes) east to Hawaiian Islands and southern California (U.S.A.), north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia. Habitat: marine. (miltonis) [Australian Zoologist v. 9; ref. 17178] Milton, southern New South Wales, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Taractichthys steindachneri (Döderlein, 1883). Bramidae. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Xenobrama Yatsu & Nakamura, 1989 [=Xenobrama Yatsu [A.] & Nakamura [I.], 1989:190] Notes: [ref. 13449]. Fem. Xenobrama microlepis Yatsu & Nakamura, 1989. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Xenobrama Yatsu & Nakamura, 1989 -- (Bray et al. 2006:1187 [ref. 29088]). Current status: Valid as Xenobrama Yatsu & Nakamura, 1989. Bramidae. Species Xenobrama microlepis Yatsu & Nakamura, 1989 [=Xenobrama microlepis Yatsu [A.] & Nakamura [I.], 1989:192, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Japanese Journal of Ichthyology v. 36 (no. 2); ref. 13449] Subantarctic South Pacific, 44°56'S, 148°17'W, surface. Current status: Valid as Xenobrama microlepis Yatsu & Nakamura, 1989. Bramidae. Distribution: Subantarctic South Pacific south of Australia. Habitat: marine