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Bio 210B, Spring 09, T-Th Night Bio 210B, Summer 2016 -- Study Guide, Exam 1 – 6/23/16 (lecture); Wed Lab, 6/22; Thur Lab, 6/23 1. Know macroevolution and reproductive barriers that lead to speciation. Describe prezygotic and postzygoitic barriers, temporal isolation, habitat isolation, behavioral isolation, mechanical isolation, gametic isolation, and geographic barriers. 2. Understand the history of life in geologic time and describe evidence that documents it. How old is Earth? What is the fossil record? …radiometric dating? 3. Relationships of Eons, Era, Period, Epoch 4. Know the various ways that we use to understand our biodiversity over time: Phylogeny, Systematics, Classifications and Taxonomy, Cladistics 5. Generalities of Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes 6. Endosymbiotic hypothesis 7. Describe the Domains of life and the major characteristics of each. 8. Describe the bacterial morphological types: Bacilli, Cocci, Staphylococci, Streptococci, Diplococci, Spirilla, Spirochaetes. 9. What is the purpose of a gram stain? How does it work? 10. Describe the following: obligate aerobes, obligate anaerobes, faculative anaerobes, faculative heterotrophs, photoautotrophs, and chemoautotrophs, obligate heterotrophs. 11. Describe the following clades: Proteobacteria and gram-negative bacteria, Chlamydias, Spirochaetes, Cyanobacteria, Gram positive bacteria 12. Describe the following: Archaea, extremophiles, Hyperthermophiles, Halophiles 13. Describe the relationships and general characteristics of the following terms/clades: Excavata, Diplomonads, Parabasalids, Kinetoplastida, Trichonympha (Hypermastigophora), Flagellates, Protozoa, Alveolates, Ciliates, Apicomplexa, Euglenozoans, Desmids, Dinoflagellates, Diatoms. 14. Describe the relationships and general characteristics of the following terms/clades: Unikonts, Amoeba, Slime mold, plasmodium. 15. Describe the relationships and general characteristics of the following terms/clades: Rhizaria Foraminifera, Radiolaria, Actinopoda 16. Describe the relationships and general characteristics of the following terms/clades: Algae, Phaeophyta, kelp, Archaeplastida, Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta 17. Describe the relationship between the following: thallus, blade, holdfast, pneumatocysts, and stipe. Sample multiple-choice questions: 1. In general, how do algae and protozoans differ? a. All protozoans have cilia and all algae do not have cilia. b. Algae are free-living, and protozoans are parasitic. c. Protozoans are autotrophic, and algae are heterotrophic. d. Algae are photosynthetic, and almost all protozoans are heterotrophic. e. Algae are prokaryotes, and protozoans are eukaryotes. 2. Groups of seaweeds can generally be distinguished on the basis of _____. a. color and the concentration of various pigments b. size c. whether they are multicellular or unicellular d. whether they have true leaves, stems, and roots e. whether they are autotrophic or heterotrophic 3. Biochemistry can be used to identify many prokaryotes. For example, gram-positive bacteria have a cell wall composed of a thin layer of peptidoglycans that retains the purple dye, crystal violet—as a result, they stain a dark purple color. Is this statement True (a) or False (b). Other questions may include: short-answer, matching, short-essay Other test requirements and tips: Arrive on time and prepared, yet well rested. Bring pencil, eraser, and Scantron # 882 to lecture exam. .
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