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Youth Consultations on Peace and Security: Findings from Focus Group Discussions and Interviews Including Hard to Reach Youth in Tunisia

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Youth Consultations on Peace and Security: Findings from Focus Group Discussions and Interviews Including Hard to Reach Youth in Tunisia REPORT Youth Consultations on Peace and Security: Findings from Focus Group Discussions and Interviews Including Hard to Reach Youth in Tunisia. Informing the Progress Study on Youth, Peace and Security and the Implementation of Security Council Resolution 2250. SEPTEMBER 30, 2017 Hilde Deman Zeineb Saidani Country Director Design, Monitoring & Evaluation Coordinator Search for Common Ground Search for Common Ground Address: Rue Khalifa Ben Jeddou, Manar 3 Address: Rue Khalifa Ben Jeddou, Manar 3 7018 Tunis, Tunisia 7018 Tunis, Tunisia Phone: +216 98 743 803 Phone: +216 98 743 804 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Report: Youth Consultations on Peace & Security in Tunisia Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 1 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Acronyms ...................................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Context ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Project Context .................................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Country and Research Context ........................................................................................................... 5 2. Methodology and Description of Research Activities .............................................................................. 8 2.1 Objectives and Key Research Questions ............................................................................................ 8 2.2 Data Collection Tools ......................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Data Collection Activities and Population of the Study ..................................................................... 9 2.4 Approach ........................................................................................................................................... 11 2.5 Data Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 11 2.6 Limitations ........................................................................................................................................ 11 3. Findings .................................................................................................................................................. 12 3.1 Main Peace and Security Challenges Affecting Young People Consulted ....................................... 12 3.1.1 Youth’s Experience of Violence: Differences According to Age and Gender .......................... 12 3.1.2 Why Do Youth Use Violence? ................................................................................................... 13 3.1.3 How Do Young People Resist Violence? .................................................................................. 15 3.1.4 Escaping Violence with Other Forms of Violence .................................................................... 15 3.1.5 A Cultural Desert and a Feeling of Emptiness ........................................................................... 16 3.1.6 Being at the Margin: A Feeling of “Hugra” and “Tahmich” ..................................................... 16 3.1.7 Youth and Media: At Odds ........................................................................................................ 18 3.1.8 Lack of Trust in State Institutions .............................................................................................. 19 3.1.9 What about the Situation of Young Women in Tunisia? ........................................................... 20 3.2 Factors Preventing and Encouraging Youth Involvement in Building Peace ................................... 20 3.2.1 Skepticism for the Notion of Peacebuilding .............................................................................. 20 3.2.2 Difficulty in Accessing Peacebuilding Initiatives: Information and Outreach Issues ................ 21 3.2.3 Difficulty in Accessing Peacebuilding Initiatives: Mobility, Social and Gender Issues ............ 21 3.2.4 Lack of Confidence in International Institutions and Organizations ......................................... 21 3.3 Enhancing Young People’s Contribution and Leadership in Building Sustainable Peace ............... 22 3.3.1 The Need for Real Transformation ............................................................................................ 22 Search for Common Ground | TUNISIA 1 Report: Youth Consultations on Peace & Security in Tunisia 3.3.2 Development Programs .............................................................................................................. 23 3.3.3 Prevention and Treatment of Drug Addiction ............................................................................ 23 3.3.4 Prison Reform ............................................................................................................................ 23 3.3.5 State Involvement and Political Will ......................................................................................... 24 3.3.6 Involvement of Young People in Decision-Making .................................................................. 24 3.3.7 Establish a Culture of Dialogue and Listening with Different Groups and Institutions ............ 24 3.3.8 Suggested Areas for Age-specific Programmatic Interventions Based on Age group Priorities and Interests ........................................................................................................................................ 25 4. Recommendations ................................................................................................................................... 26 4.1 Key Messages ................................................................................................................................... 26 4.2 Specific Recommendations by Hard to Reach and Active Youth .................................................... 28 5. Summary and Conclusions ..................................................................................................................... 30 6. Annexes................................................................................................................................................... 33 6.1 Locations Selected for the Study ...................................................................................................... 33 6.2 Data Collection Tools: FGD and KII questionnaires ........................................................................ 35 Search for Common Ground | TUNISIA 2 Report: Youth Consultations on Peace & Security in Tunisia Acknowledgements Research Design and Coordination: Hilde Deman (Country Director); Zeineb Saidani (Design, Monitoring & Evaluation Coordinator); Amal El Deek (Design, Monitoring & Evaluation Regional Specialist, Middle East and North Africa) Lead Editor: Isabelle Tibi (Consultant) Advising and General Coordination: Saji Prelis (Director, Children & Youth); Rachel Walsh Taza (Program Manager, Children & Youth) Financial and Technical Support: This report was commissioned by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) with funds from the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida). The report was developed as a contribution to the Progress Study on Youth, Peace and Security mandated by Security Council Resolution 2250, and co-led by UNFPA and PBSO. The research and consultations for this report followed the key research questions and methodology developed for the Progress Study. The content of this report does not necessarily represent the views of the United Nations. Search for Common Ground | TUNISIA 3 Report: Youth Consultations on Peace & Security in Tunisia Acronyms AQIM: Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb FGD: Focus Group Discussion ILT: Institutional Learning Team IS: Islamic State KII: Key Informant Interview PBSO: United Nations Peacebuilding Support Office SCR 2250: United Nations Security Council Resolution 2250 Search: Search for Common Ground SFCG-T: Search for Common Ground Tunisia UNFPA: United Nations Population Fund YPS: Youth Peace & Security Search for Common Ground | TUNISIA 4 Report: Youth Consultations on Peace & Security in Tunisia 1. Context 1.1 Project Context In December 2015, the United Nations Security Council adopted resolution 2250 (SCR 2250) on Youth, Peace and Security (YPS). SCR 2250 recognizes the important and positive contributions of youth in the maintenance and promotion of peace and security, affirms their critical role in the prevention and resolution of violent conflicts and stresses the importance of empowering young men and women as contributors to the sustainability of peace rather than stereotyping them as victims and perpetrators of violence. It also urges Member States to increase inclusive representation of youth in decision-making at all levels, as well as in institutions and mechanisms to prevent and resolve conflict and counter violent extremism. The resolution requests the Secretary-General of the United
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