DOCSLIB.ORG

Prizrenvenue of Civilizations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Prizrenvenue of Civilizations PRIZRENVENUE OF CIVILIZATIONS MUNICIPALITY OF PRIZREN Publisher Municipality of Prizren Department for Tourism and Economic Development Editor Samir Karahoda Photos SK-Foto Captions NGO EC Ma Ndryshe Professional consultant Prof. Sokol Cena Design Lum Çeku ISBN 978-9951-636-02-5 © All rights reserved, 2012 October 2012 Content Introduction 6 About Prizren 10 Monuments 18 Religion 46 Art and culture 74 Clothing and folklore 92 Cuisine 102 Nature 112 Information 126 Introduction Foreword This catalogue is another evidence that Prizren possesses a perfect cultural and of cultural development in Prizren. shows the commitment of the local govern- natural heritage. Superimposed in this ment of Prizren for protection of cultural context are the rich cultural life and the well The catalogue is the evidence of the com- and historical values of Prizren and their preserved popular practices of the citizens of mitment of the local government of Prizren promotion in order to cultivate the cul- Prizren. for the comprehensive development of the tural tourism in Prizren. The catalogue was city through cultural tourism. At the same prepared by a group of professionals and The main flaw of all this treasure is the time, it represents the will and commitment it’s a product of an advanced cooperation structured offer to attract the attention of of the culture community in Prizren and between local government, civil society and the visitors. At a time when most touristic the other community groups to promote the professionals. Catalogue aims to increase movements become culturally motivated, cultural content of Prizren. the tourist attractiveness of Prizren through the catalogue you have in your hands comes structured presentation of cultural events. as a need of the time and the high dynamics 7 PRIZREN - VENUE OF CIVILIZATIONS Prizren, city of culture and tourism City of Prizren is known since antiquity as According to this view, culture comes after edly based on culture. Consequently, today a unique place in the Balkans, with different the improvement of the general welfare. culture is mentioned as the fourth pillar of cultural heritage values, civilizations and Culture, seen in this way, is an elitist concept the sustainable development. Not only as a religions. Thanks to its favorable geographic that restricts cultural (and artistic) activity dimension of development, but as an equal position, balanced splicing of these cultures to a small group of people. A challenging components of the process, along with the throughout history and an enviable number outlook to that elitist, is the understanding economy, society and environment. Natu- of monuments of all time, the city of Prizren of culture as a tool for solving development rally, some cities have more favorable pre- rightfully holds the title of “city museum”, problems and not due to socio-economic conditions for the development of culture. “museum under the open sky” or even the development. This outlook sees culture as an For example, in the Kosovo town of Prizren, “Dubrovnik in the Balkans”, to be listed as essential part of the development process, thanks to the rich cultural heritage, offers one of the most beautiful cities of Kosovo. and remits it to the community level. a suitable space for culture. Furthermore, Located at the verge of the Shar mountains The concept of focusing only on the econ- the cultural community in the city, now for (which are proclaimed as “National Park”), omy was insufficient to address adequately couple of years is giving clear development on both coasts of Lumbardh and at the inter- the development challenges at the end of signals through successful cultural initia- section of important trade routes between 20th century. As a result, in the 80’s was tives. This community has recently created east and west, the city of Prizren, during articulated the concept of sustainable devel- a common platform of action. The quest history was known as an important cultural, opment, with the promotion of the triangle is simple - Prizren should develop cultural economic and diplomatic centre. economy - society - environment. However, policies which will transform the city to a it took less than two decades to challenge famous tourist destination. To achieve this In countries in transition, usually culture even the triangle. The lesson that Europe has goal, local government is changing its ap- is far from the focus and priorities of the learned from the development process is the proach towards culture, seeing it as a main governance. Common reasoning is that the most appropriate level is the development of resource for the development of the city. country faces many more important chal- the city. lenges related to development, unemploy- Practically, this means that the development ment, extreme poverty, corruption, inef- Meanwhile the most successful examples planning of the city every day more and fective judiciary, poor public services, etc. of local development (cities) are undoubt- more is being built over and through the 8 INTRODUCTION culture. A concrete action, after the publica- tion of this catalog will be the development of Cultural Tourism Strategy of Prizren. 9 About Prizren 10 History rizren is undoubtedly one of the most in Table V of Ptolemy (II century), where administration of Despot of Epire. important settlements in Kosovo. It has it is named as Tërmidava, then in the map In the year 1282 Nemanjics again rule the Pa whacking past that has attracted the curios- Tabula Peutingeriana (III century), at the Prizren, and this time they reinforce their ity of different travelers, historians, geogra- scholar E. Spencer is encountered as Proco- positions. Ottoman rule in Prizren began in phers and scientists, which published many pera (359-336 BC). We encounter Prizren 1455 (some historians point the year 1459). works for this known administrative, cul- with this name also at Procopius (565), and In the pan-Albanian congress held in Priz- tural, historical and political center. Prizren according to American Eric Hamp, Prizren ren, on June 10, 1878, the Albanian League area was inhabited since ancient times and designation comes from Theranda (Ther- of Prizren was founded in head with Iljaz retains evidence and archaeological monu- andë), Pri-zdrijana, Peneropolis, Pra-eserem, Pasha Dibra. The central administration and ments from Neolithic, eneolithic, bronze, Pri-zna, Pri-zrenum, Pre-sarin, Pri-sareno, the temporary government, leaded by Ymer iron, antiquity and onwards.. This is evi- Pri-zirendi, Pre-zren, Pre-zdin, Pri-zdren, Prizreni was placed in Prizren. denced by the numerous artifacts discovered Pru-zrenin,Torzerm, Perserin e Pri-zrend, during the archeological excavations, carried Pri-zerand, Pri-serand, Pri-zer-endi, Pri- After the conquest of Serbia until 1941 Priz- out in a number of localities. Archeological zereni and Prizreni. During the 9th century ren was within Serbia, respectively Versailles findings show that Prizren is one of the old- it was an important urban center, and in Yugoslavia. During the second world war est cities of Eastern Europe and beyond. the year 1019, Prizren was the Episcopal 1941-44, Prizren was part of Albania, which residency of the Byzantine Empire. With the was occupied by Italian forces. During the Archeological findings prove that this area division of the Roman Empire (395) in the World War II (1941-1944), Prizren was a was inhabited since antique, when it was West and East, Prizren fell under Byzantine part of Albania, in the framework of Italian known as Theranda in 2nd century BC, rule (until c. XIII). In the years 1189-90 occupation. After 1944 until 1999, the city and the area was populated by Dardans. Prizren for the first time falls under the rule was part of Yugoslavia of AVNOJ. On June In the 5th century BC the name Petrzên is of Nemanjic (Nemanja). During the siege of 12, 1999 Prizren is liberated by the KLA mentioned by Procopius of Caesarea in De Constantinople, during the Fourth Crusade (Kosovo Liberty Army) and NATO forces. aedificiis (Book IV, Chapter 4). The name in 1204, the Bulgarian emperor Kalloyan of Prizren (in different variants) is encoun- takes the advantage and conquers Prizren. tered in various documents and maps, as By the year 1230 Prizren is again under the 11 PRIZREN - VENUE OF CIVILIZATIONS Geography The municipality of Prizren with an area of 640 km2 (5.94% of the Territory of Kosovo), lies in the southwest of Kosovo, with 74 villages and approximately 175 000 inhabitants. It borders with the Municipali- ties of Gjakova, Rahovec, Suhareka, Shtër- pce and Dragash, as well as with Albania and Macedonia. Prizren’s plane is in a sea level of around 400 meters and some of the peaks are over 2000 meters high over the sea level. The city has a miscellaneous weather. Fa- mous geographer from Alexandria, Claudius Ptolemy (87-150) in his book “Geogra- phy” among others identifies the road that connected the Adriatic basin with Illyria. ren begins with ancient Theranda. Through Pontiac regions in one way, and of Aegean- Anonymous author from Ravenna, Italy, Prizren area passes the road that connects Adriatic in another way. who lived in the end of 7th or beginning the middle parts of Balkans with Adriatic of 8th century in his book “Cosmograpfia” Sea. The geographical positioning of Prizren (The world description) among 5,300 world is best described with the analyzing of its geographical names of that time highlighted relation to Kosovo, the Dukagjin plane, and Theranda as well. the Lumebardh plane. Kosovo is composed of Plane of Kosovo and Dukagjin. The plains Maps identify with these names: of Kosovo and Dukagjin are positioned in Thermidava,Theranda, Petrizen, Zeranda, the middle part of the Balkans peninsula. Prisdiana, Pirenopojë , Perserin, Prisrend, Kosovo and the region of Prizren have a Prizren etc. It is believed that the life of Priz- transit character between the Pannonia and 12 ABOUT PRIZREN Cultural heritage he most valuable wealth of Prizren are Ottoman period and then to post World the values inherited from past centuries.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • In Both Pristina and Prizren I Worked with Albanians and US Staff
    In both Pristina and Prizren I worked with Albanians and US staff. We had no contact with Serbs; they lived in small enclaves protected by KFOR. When a man walking down the main street of Pristina was suspected of being a Serb he was pounced on by a mob and killed. When I asked one of my Albanian colleagues about this hatred of Serbs he said: ‘Frank, if you saw a couple of Serbs cutting your friend to pieces with a chainsaw I think you would also hate them’. The Albanians craved recognition of their identity and their culture. They are proud of their language and literature, their music and folklore. For 500 years they were ruled by the Ottoman Empire, and more recently by the Serbs. Under Serb rule Albanians were allowed to walk on only one side of the main street in Pristina. In many cases Serb and Albanian children used to enter primary school through the same main gate. Once inside the gate the Serb children turned right into classrooms where they were taught a Serb curriculum by Serb teachers speaking the Serb language. The Albanian children turned left into other classrooms where they received an Albanian education. This was called integrated education. I was reminded a couple of times that this was not too different from the Catholic- Protestant divide in education in Northern Ireland. With the departure of the Serb forces in June 1999 the Albanians celebrated international recognition of their identity. This soon turned sour when some NGO and UNMIK staff seemed to see the Albanians as some kind of second class citizens.
    [Show full text]
  • Balsa Djurié Plato, Plutarch and the Sibyl in the Fresco Decoration of the Episcopal Church of the Virgin Ljeviska in Prizren
    Balsa Djurié Plato, Plutarch and the Sibyl in the Fresco Decoration of the Episcopal Church of the Virgin Ljeviska in Prizren The picturesque town of Prizren, near the border of Kosovo, Albania and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, is home to one of the most important buildings of Serbian medieval art - the cathedra! of Prizren dedicated to the Virgin Ljeviska. The history of the Serbian Diocese of Prizren, which the cathedra! of the Virgin Ljeviska represents, starts with the conquest of the town from the Byzantines around 1210 and the replacement of the Greek bishop with a Serbian bishop in 1219. The present five-domed church, with its two narthexes, belt tower, and several chapels [Fig. 27], is the result of reconstruction in 1306/1307 under king Milutin, on the foundations of an earlier Byzantine basilica. 1 The walls of the church were painted three times: between 1220 and 1230,2 when a roof was put over the ruined basilica; around 1310, during the reign of king Milutin; 3 and again when the Turks turned the church into a mosque [Fig. 28] at a date that has yet to be established. 4 That the walls were decorated at all was discovered completely by accident in the early twentieth century. During the First Balkan War at the end of 1912 the Serbian army entered Prizren. One of the officers, an architect, noticed under the cracked white paint in what was at that time the mosque, some images of saints. 5 Between the Great Wars the minaret was removed and the church again looked as it had in the past.
    [Show full text]
  • INTERVIEW with ZEQIR SOPAJ Prizren | Date: June 1, 2016 Duration: 63 Minutes
    INTERVIEW WITH ZEQIR SOPAJ Prizren | Date: June 1, 2016 Duration: 63 minutes Present: 1. Zeqir Sopaj (Speaker) 2. Anna Di Lellio (Interviewer) 3. Ard Morina (Interviewer) 4. Noar Sahiti (Camera) 5. Shaban Morina (Son-in-law) Transcription notation symbols of non-verbal communication: () – emotional communication {} – the speaker explains something using gestures. Other transcription conventions: [ ] - addition to the text to facilitate comprehension Footnotes are editorial additions to provide information on localities, names or expressions. Part One [The interviewers ask the speaker to tell where is he from, where he was raised and details about his family. This part was cut from the video-interview.] Zeqir Sopaj: I was born in Llapushnik, in 1925. I was a young shepherd, I went to Orllan with my ​ 1 grandfather, we had one hundred goats, cows. The house, the oda on the second floor, had room for 2 ​ one hundred men. The meshliçet took place there, at the time we used to serve food to the guests. ​ 3 Then I registered in school, at the time of Kralj’s Yugoslavia. I registered in 1936, I registered in school. ​ ​ I finished elementary school in 1939, it lasted four years. Then in the ‘40s as I shepherd I tended to goats, cows and goats. We shepherds played, at that time we played the shepherds’ games, various games in the oda. In 1941, Yugoslavia fell, Kralj’s Yugoslavia fell, ​ ​ ​ ​ 4 and the time of Albania came. Italy entered Albania in 1939, Yugoslavia in 1941 sene, the German on ​ the other side took and destroyed Yugoslavia. We were now able to breath, because we had been 5 occupied by the Kralj.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article Introduction Ccording to the Aspect Of
    December 2018 e-ISSN: 1857-8187 p-ISSN: 1857-8179 August 2017 e-ISSN: 1857-8187 p-ISSN: 1857-8179 Research Article Linguistics ASPECTS OF FOREIGN ALBANOLOGISTS CONTRIBUTION IN THE STUDY OF THE PRIZREN AND SURROUNDINGS FOLK Keywords: circuit, treatment, study, vocabulary, etc. SPOKEN ALBANIAN Muharrem Gashi “Fehmi Agani” University, Gjakovë, Republic of Kosova. Abstract In addition to some language studies, of 1902 it was published a Serbo - Croatian Dictionary, with about 4, 000 words and 1187 questions - answers, but the language of the vocabulary prompted the linguists. H. Agani in the Study: What is the linguistic sphere of L. Kujunxhiq's Dictionary, in 1954, featured the mistakes which in this dictionary misinformed even the well-known linguists. The influence of the Albanian language made Rahovec Serbo-Croatian, a mixed language, while the lexis of the vocabulary includes the Rahovec / Orahovac folk, that of the city of Prizren and that of the city of Gjakova. Here we have the passage in a, u to u in suffixes - type and - level, the use of ll in place of dh, the decline of h hover etc. In recognition of these talk, they are distinguished by N. Jokli, J. Thumanne, H. Pedersen, G. Vajgandi etc., though the recognition of the Albanian language in the previous situation was the most important. S. Mladenovi visited the area between Prizren and Pristina in 1925, publishing the article: Remarks on Albanians and Albanian in Northern Macedonia and Old Serbia. Later, M. Lambretzi will give some features of the dialects of eastern Gegese, which also includes the dialects of the city of Prizren.
    [Show full text]
  • CLIMATIC REGIONS of KOSOVO and METOHIJA Radomir Ivanović
    UNIVERSITY THOUGHT doi:10.5937/univtho6-10409 Publication in Natural Sciences, Vol. 6, No 1, 2016, pp. 49-54. Original Scientific Paper CLIMATIC REGIONS OF KOSOVO AND METOHIJA Radomir Ivanović1, Aleksandar Valjarević1, Danijela Vukoičić1, Dragan Radovanović1 1Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia. ABSTRACT The following the average and extreme values mountainous parts of Kosovo. It affects parts of of climatic elements, specific climatic indices and northern Metohija, Drenica and the entire Kosovo field research, we can select three climatic types in valley along with smaller sidelong dells - Malo Kosovo and Metohija - the altered Mediterranean, Kosovo and Kosovsko Pomoravlje. Because of their continental and mountainous type. The altered exquisite heights, the mountains that complete the Mediterranean type is present in southern and Kosovo Metohija Valley have a specific climatic western Metohija, to be specific, it affects the type, at their lower slopes it is sub - mountainous Prizren Field, the Suva Reka and Orahovac Valley and at the higher ones it is typically mountainous. as well as the right bank of the Beli Drim from Within these climatic types, several climatic sub Pećka Bistrica to the Serbia - Albania border. regions are present. Their frontiers are not precise Gradually and practically unnoticeably, it or sharp. Rather, their climatic changes are transforms itself into a moderate continental type gradual and moderate from one sub-region to the which dominates over the remaining valley and other. Key words: Climatic regions, climatic sub-regions, Kosovo and Metohija. 1. INTRODUCTION The climatic regional division of Kosovo and good, but anyway it offers the possibilities of Metohija has been made following the previous observing Kosovo and Metohija climate.
    [Show full text]
  • UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo Order Online
    UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo Order online Table of Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Glossary 1. Executive Summary The 1999 Offensive The Chain of Command The War Crimes Tribunal Abuses by the KLA Role of the International Community 2. Background Introduction Brief History of the Kosovo Conflict Kosovo in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Kosovo in the 1990s The 1998 Armed Conflict Conclusion 3. Forces of the Conflict Forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslav Army Serbian Ministry of Internal Affairs Paramilitaries Chain of Command and Superior Responsibility Stucture and Strategy of the KLA Appendix: Post-War Promotions of Serbian Police and Yugoslav Army Members 4. march–june 1999: An Overview The Geography of Abuses The Killings Death Toll,the Missing and Body Removal Targeted Killings Rape and Sexual Assault Forced Expulsions Arbitrary Arrests and Detentions Destruction of Civilian Property and Mosques Contamination of Water Wells Robbery and Extortion Detentions and Compulsory Labor 1 Human Shields Landmines 5. Drenica Region Izbica Rezala Poklek Staro Cikatovo The April 30 Offensive Vrbovac Stutica Baks The Cirez Mosque The Shavarina Mine Detention and Interrogation in Glogovac Detention and Compusory Labor Glogovac Town Killing of Civilians Detention and Abuse Forced Expulsion 6. Djakovica Municipality Djakovica City Phase One—March 24 to April 2 Phase Two—March 7 to March 13 The Withdrawal Meja Motives: Five Policeman Killed Perpetrators Korenica 7. Istok Municipality Dubrava Prison The Prison The NATO Bombing The Massacre The Exhumations Perpetrators 8. Lipljan Municipality Slovinje Perpetrators 9. Orahovac Municipality Pusto Selo 10. Pec Municipality Pec City The “Cleansing” Looting and Burning A Final Killing Rape Cuska Background The Killings The Attacks in Pavljan and Zahac The Perpetrators Ljubenic 11.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Electricity Options for Kosovo
    Page: 1 Sustainable Electricity Options for Kosovo Noah Kittner1, 2, Hilda Dimco3, Visar Azemi3, Evgenia Tairyan3, and Daniel M. Kammen1, 2, 4 * 1 Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley 2 Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley 3 Kosovo Civil Society Consortium for Sustainable Development (KOSID) 4 Goldman School of Public Policy, University of California, Berkeley * Address correspondence to: Professor Daniel M. Kammen at: * E: kammen@berkeley.edu, URL: http://rael.berkeley.edu/kosovoenergy Abstract (word count: 125): We have developed an analytic platform to analyze the electricity options, costs, and impacts for Kosovo, a nation that is a critical part of the debate over energy access and the role of fossil fuels versus cleaner electricity options to meet growing demands for power. We find that a range of alternatives exists to meet present supply constraints all at a lower cost than constructing a proposed 600 MW coal plant. The options include energy efficiency measures, combinations of solar PV, wind, hydropower, and biomass, and the introduction of natural gas. A $30/ton shadow price on carbon increases costs of coal generation by at least $330 million USD. The results indicate that financing a 600 MW coal plant is the most expensive pathway to meet future electricity demand. | RAEL: http://rael.berkeley.edu/ | KOSID http://www.kosid.org | Page: 2 1. Introduction Kosovo faces serious energy challenges, and is a critical test case for the future financing of new coal-fired power plants by the World Bank and the U.S. government. More than 95% of electric power generation comes from lignite coal in Kosovo.
    [Show full text]
  • Demographic Changes of the Kosovo Population, 1948/2006 12/02/2008
    Institucionet e Përkohshme Vetëqeverisëse / Privremena Institucija Samouprave / Provisional Institutions of Self Government Qeveria e Kosovës / Vlada Kosova / Government of Kosovo Ministria e Shërbimeve Publike / Ministarstvo javnih službi / Ministry of Public Services Series 4: Population Statistics Demographic changes of the Kosovo population 1948-2006 Institucionet e Përkohshme Vetëqeverisëse / Privremena Institucija Samouprave / Provisional Institutions of Self overnment Qeveria e Kosovës / Vlada Kosova / Government of Kosovo Ministria e Shërbimeve Publike / Ministarstvo javnih službi / Ministry of Public Services Series 4: Population Statistics Demographic changes of the Kosovo population 1948-2006 Publisher: Statistical Office of Kosovo (SOK) Publication date: February 2008 © Statistical Office of Kosovo Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. Printed by: K.G.T, Pristine, Kosovo A great deal of information is available on Internet, which can be accessed on the SOK Web-site: www.ks-gov.net/esk F o r e w o r d Statistical Office of Kosovo (SOK), respectfully the Department of the Population Statistics (DPS) has prepared the publication of “Demographic Changes of the Population of Kosovo for the period 1948 – 2006.” Data published in this publication are final. This publication includes data for births, deaths and natural growth given in absolute and relative numbers while the estimation of the demographic parameters, their interpretations and graphs, were compiled from the respective experts. Data from the population censuses were obtained from the special publications on population censuses while the demographic data were collected from the data on vital statistics including, in some cases, assessment of the SOK. Users of this publication are able to have an access, fast and easily, in all population censuses since after the Second World War starting from 1948, ’53, ’61, ’71, ’81 ‘91* including the SOK assessment for 2006, as well as demographic movements of the population of Kosovo for each year.
    [Show full text]
  • SEA Prizren.Cdr
    Strategic Environmental Assessment Report for Municipal Development Plan Municipality of Prizren MUNICIPAL SPATIAL PLANNING SUPPORT PROGRAMME IN KOSOVO Implemented by: Financeded by: by: SWEDISH DEVELOPMENT MUNICIPALITY SWEDISH DEVELOPMENT OF PRIZREN FOR A BETTER URBAN FUTURE COOPERATION Strategic Environmental Assessment Report for Municipal Development Plan Municipality of Prizren December 2012 MUNICIPAL SPATIAL PLANNING SUPPORT PROGRAMME IN KOSOVO Implemented by: Financeded by: by: SWEDISH DEVELOPMENT MUNICIPALITY SWEDISH DEVELOPMENT OF PRIZREN FOR A BETTER URBAN FUTURE COOPERATION Prizren SEA report DISCLAIMER This SEA report (Report) has been produced independently by private consultant Kadri Tillemann on the request of the UN-Habitat following the term and conditions of the relevant individual contract. The views expressed in this Report are not necessarily the views of the UN-Habitat or Prizren Municipality. Private consultant does not take responsibility for decisions or measures taken on the basis of suggestions and content of this report. Contact information: UN-Habitat Pristina Office Ministries Building “Rilindja” 10th Floor 1000 Prishtina Kosovo Phone + 381 38 20032611 E-mail: info@unHabitat-kosovo.org Municipality of Prizren Phone + 381 029 242 406 Phone + 381 029 244 040 E-mail: info@prizreni-gov.org Kadri Tillemann Private Consultant Phone + 372 50 15 440 E-mail: kadri.tillemann@vesterra.ee 1 Prizren SEA report I. SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Albanian Political Activity in Ottoman Empire (1878-1912)
    World Journal of Islamic History and Civilization, 3 (1): 01-08, 2013 ISSN 2225-0883 © IDOSI Publications, 2013 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wjihc.2013.3.1.3101 Albanian Political Activity in Ottoman Empire (1878-1912) Agata Biernat Faculty of Political Sciences and International Studies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 11, Torun, Poland Abstract: This article sketches briefly the Albanian political activity in Ottoman Empire from their “National Renaissance” to 1912 when Albania became an independent country. In the second half of XIX century Albanians began their national revival. The great influence in that process had Frashëri brothers: Abdyl, Naim and Sami. They played a prominent role in Albanian national movement. Their priority was to persuade Ottomans as well as Great Powers that Albanians were a nation, which is why had a right to have an autonomy within Empire. The most important Albanian organization at that time was League of Prizrën – its leaders took part in Congress of Berlin (1878), unfortunately they heard only a lot of objections from European leaders. The culmination of Rilindja was a proclamation of Albania’s independence led by Ismail Qemali in Vlora, on 28 November 1912. Key words: Albania Albanian National Awakening The Ottoman Empire League of Prizrën Frashëri brothers INTRODUCTION national schools. Local Albanian Bey also opposed the reform because it sought to maintain their privileges. The nineteenth century was an introduction for the Slowly they started thinking about the history of their political and economic collapse of the great Ottoman nation, origins and also about final codification of Empire. This process was accompanied by the slow but Albanian language.
    [Show full text]
  • 623 Albanian Perception of 1908 Revolution and Its
    IBAC 2012 vol.2 ALBANIAN PERCEPTION OF 1908 REVOLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ALBANIAN NATIONALISM Doç. Dr. Nuray BOZBORA Abstract The Young Turk Revolution of July 1908 marked the return to constitutional government in the Ottoman Empire. The constitutional movement wanted to modernize and democratize the empire with a vision of a democratic multi-national state on the one hand and also to preserve what was left of the Empire on the other. Many diverse groups including some of the different ethnic and religious communities gave their supports to this movement hoping that under a constitutional regime they would gain a grater autonomy /priviliges for their people among whom Albanians were the first group to join the constitutional movement and many of them participated in the Young Turk uprising The Young Turk Revolution in almost all respects failed to fulfill what it promised. The promised democracy and decentralization and also racial-harmony and equality and participation in the state by all ethnic groups were abandoned when Young Turk leaders realized that this compromised security. The authoritarian and centralized nature of the government and its attempt to impose a single identity on everyone led to liberal oppositon of many diverse groups among which the Albanians saw their future as closely linked with a strengthened, more modern Empire . Although very much divided in terms of goals, many intellectual Albanians opposed to the armed struggle that would bring Fearing their end foreign intervention in an era of ethnic Nationalism and irredentist policies of the newly established nation-states in the Balkans. They were involved in an unarmed struggle to achieve cultural autonomy which they perceived as the necessary first step toward the creation of a national sentiment .
    [Show full text]
  • “Talk” on Albanian Territories (1392–1402)
    Doctoral Dissertation A Model to Decode Venetian Senate Deliberations: Pregadi “Talk” on Albanian Territories (1392–1402) By: Grabiela Rojas Molina Supervisors: Gerhard Jaritz and Katalin Szende Submitted to the Medieval Studies Department Central European University, Budapest In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Medieval Studies, Budapest, Hungary 2020 CEU eTD Collection To my parents CEU eTD Collection Table of Contents Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................................. 1 List of Maps, Charts and Tables .......................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 3 A Survey of the Scholarship ........................................................................................................................... 8 a) The Myth of Venice ........................................................................................................................... 8 b) The Humanistic Outlook .................................................................................................................. 11 c) Chronicles, Histories and Diaries ..................................................................................................... 14 d) Albania as a Field of Study .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]