DOCSLIB.ORG

In This Issue

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

58 j u l y Voice 2011 of the ISSN 1948-3031 Industry Regional Systems Edition In This Issue: The State of Submarine Cables in Africa The Communications Blockade SubOptic 2013 – April in Paris ISSN 1948-3031 Submarine Telecoms Forum is published bimonthly by WFN Strategies. The publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form, in whole or in part, very year at this time I have a the placement of the maillot jaune on a without the permission of the publishers. problem of focus. Since the 2nd Frenchmen on Bastille Day in real time Submarine Telecoms Forum is an independent com mercial publication, of July my mind has found it while sitting at my desk in Virginia serving as a freely accessible forum for E difficult to stay concentrated on the job seems not only fitting, but also makes one professionals in industries connected with submarine optical fibre technologies and at hand. Emails have gone unanswered; mindful of the things we in our industry techniques. phone messages have not been promptly make possible every day. Liability: while every care is taken in preparation of this publication, the actioned; the staff has noticed a certain publishers cannot be held responsible for So, call or email after the 24th and I promise the accuracy of the information herein, or vacuous look in my eyes. Even a week at any errors which may occur in advertising to be more attentive and engaged. In the or editorial content, or any consequence the beach has not positively impacted. arising from any errors or omissions. meantime, vive le Tour de France! The publisher cannot be held responsible For the recent Father’s Day, my son and for any views expressed by contributors, and the editor reserves the right to edit any his wife gave me an “All Access” package, advertising or editorial material submitted which allows me to receive a streaming for publication. Contributions are welcomed. Please live feed. So, until 11 AM or so each day, forward to the Managing Editor: except rest days of course of which there has been only one to date, I am glued to PUBLISHER my screen, comparing and contrasting Wayne Nielsen Tel: +[1] 703 444 2527 the leaders with the peloton with team Email: [email protected] standings and so on. EDITOR The idea does not elude me that such Kevin G. Summers access to live sports could only be possible Tel: +[1] 703 468 0554 through the submarine cables we so Email: [email protected] eagerly develop and install. Watching 2 Copyright © 2011 WFN Strategies In This Issue... Exordium 2 Testing Submarine Cables 24 Letter to a Friend 42 Wayne Nielsen 2,000Km From Landfall: Jean Devos Why A New Generation Of News Now 4 Faster Testers Is Necessary Advertiser Index 43 Andy Cole Regional Systems Analytics 6 Coda 44 SubOptic 2013 – April in Paris 28 Kevin G. Summers Reginal Systems: The State of 7 Submarine Cables in Africa Stephen Jarvis Back Reflection 32 Stewart Ash The Communications Blockade 11 Rich Potter Cyta Strengthens its 35 Telecommunications Hub 2011 SubTel Forum Awards: 15 in the Eastern Mediterranean The Winners Yiannis Koulias Coming Full Circle in the 17 Conferences 40 Subsea Upgrade Market Mark Wickham, David Robles A Funny Thing Happened... 41 & Edwin Muth 3 News Now Alcatel-Lucent and Mobily Deliver EA to invest $400m in fibre optic IHC Engineering Business targets Superfast Broadband with Successful cables the offshore trenching market with Trial of Superfast Mobile Network in the appointment of a new Trenching Saudi Arabia EMU Limited detects the English Systems Sales Manager Channel tsunami AMP eyes Europe’s offshore wind Infinera Swiftly Supports Pacnet in sector Europe Persia Express Gateway the Restoration of Critical Services Agreement (EPEG) Signed after Japan Earthquakes ARMM eyeing 6,000 new jobs Glo1, Julius Berger seal connectivity Infraco to invest $74 million in Bahamas Telecom Company extends contract infrastructure U.S.-Caribbean cable to Haiti Globe Telecom: Enabling seamless Internet Solutions increase SAT-3/ Caribbean Crossings pays out $30m worldwide connections through WACS capacity preference debt diverse cable systems Lebanon boosts internet access with Commercial operation of Cyprus- Hibernia Atlantic’s Project Express link to I-ME-WE Egypt segment of ALEXANDROS Marine Survey is Underway submarine cable subsystem Next generation ROV simulators Huawei Marine Networks Complete announced Cuba gets high-speed internet Construction of the MATARAM- connection KUPANG Cable System Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke GmbH Pacnet Named Wholesale Operator Subsea Construction Services Joint and Global Marine Systems Ltd. to of the Year at Asia Communication Venture Launches In The Middle East supply and install the infield cabling Awards 2011 of the Global Tech I Wind Farm in the SubTel Forum Achieves New North Sea PTC’12 Proposal Submission Milestone Deadline: 5 July 2011 Novosco Chooses Hibernia Atlantic Syrian Internet Restored Rapid growth helps EMU become for High Speed, Diverse Connectivity Telecom Italia Sparkle, through Throughout Europe UK's marine consent and survey leader its Mediterranean operations of NTT Com to Launch New Data MedNautilus, and Cyta, announce Center in Malaysia RComm to launch undersea cable the agreement for the creation of system ‘Hawk’ the first submarine ring network NZ challenge to undersea cable connecting Cyprus to Greece monopoly SEACOM Teams Up With Mozambique's TDM Tonga-Fiji submarine cable project Offshore Marine Management safe launches survey and subsea business Sidera Networks Continues to Deliver Superior Access and Speed Transworld And TE Subcom To Pac-West Announces Further With Connectivity to ancotel USA Upgrade TW1 Undersea Fiber Optic Investment from Parent Company Colocation and Data Center Facility Cable System Columbia Ventures Corporation in Westbury, New York Van Oord to install and bury cabling Pacific Fibre questions Southern South Africa: Undersea Cables for DanTysk offshore wind farm in Cross cable internet capability Will Double Broadband Capacity, Germany Pyramid Finds Pacific Fibre will not route cable to Wellington Southern Cross Twins Committed to Ultra Fast Broadband and National Pacnet Boosts Japan Network Broadband Network Capabilities Regional Systems Analytics 6 Reginal Systems: The State of Submarine Cables in Africa Stephen7 jarvis n many ways, change can be like a (according to Deon Liebenburg of RIM),” This association promoted a number of landslide – building over time, tied commented Chris Wood, CEO of WIOCC. new international fiber systems. The Ito many small pieces moving at once, This previously unprecedented use of competition that these new systems will and unstoppable once begun. In Africa, a bandwidth by Africa has led to an influx bring will help to encourage lower prices change has begun that is altering continent of companies and increased deregulation and greater coverage by local industry as much as a landslide can reshape the side by many countries in a similar manner leaders. It’s hope for changes such as this of a mountain. A leading aspect of these to South Africa. This has allowed new that has led to many African countries changes has been the deregulation and businesses to begin laying submarine rethinking regulatory policies. subsequent boom of the telecoms industry. cables and providing competitive service to their respective regions. However, the change is not necessarily In 2005, South Africa deregulated the immediate. In South Africa, any noticeable telecoms industry with the legislation “We announced last December that we change took nearly six years. In that time, of Voice over Internet Protocol, which would more than double the system’s a number of policy alterations and even the promises a more affordable way to stay 30Gbps initial lit capacity. We’ve now taken threat by Parliament to regulate call rates in contact with the world. While it hasn’t another look at that, and we are looking to occurred. These were instigated by such been as straight-forward an improvement increase it by two or three times more than factors as the unchangingly high rates of as hoped, a certain trend seems to have our original plan because demand has more strongly rooted companies, slowing occurred. “An estimated 15.1 million moved so fast.” says Wood. WIOCC is the the shift to a competitive system. It is only smartphones were sold in sub-Saharan owner of the EASSy system, which was recently that the field has been cleared for Africa in 2010 – 10% of all handset activated July of last year and measures newer companies to begin laying cable. sales in the region, and this percentage 10,000km. It links South Africa with But, as long as diversity of companies is is expected to rise to 30-40% by 2014 Sudan, but also is connected to multiple protected by policy, competition will have international cables, strongly connecting a positive effect on African countries. EASSy to the larger world community. Created with a capacity of 4.72Tbps, in a Diversity is apparently not going to be a year it has increased from 1.4Tbps in an problem. Three major cables have been attempt to meet increasing demand in launched in Africa this past year. Main the region for access. Wood believes that One, Lion, and EASSy with an average demand for bandwidth will only continue bandwidth of 2.1 Tbps. Main One to grow, and hopes to improve the system currently has operating landing points as technology progresses. in Nigeria, Ghana, and Portugal and plans are underway to open a second Deregulation is proving to be a growing stage extending to South Africa. Looking trend in Africa. Angola, for instance, is into the future, WACS (currently under a Sub-Saharan country with began its construction with an RFS date of 2011), own deregulation with the creation of the ACE, SAex, and Lion-2 are all planned Angola Cable Consortium in June 2009.
Recommended publications
  • Cyta's Telecommunications Hub in the Eastern Mediterranean

    Cyta's Telecommunications Hub in the Eastern Mediterranean

    CARRIER SERVICES Cyta’s Telecommunications Hub in the Eastern Mediterranean – a Telecommunications Corridor between Europe and the Middle East By Mr Christos Limnatitis, Manager, National and International Wholesale Market antennas, providing connectivity with major satellite systems such as Intelsat, Eutelsat, SES, Hylas, Thor, AsiaSat and Arabsat. Services offered range from satellite television on a permanent and occasional basis to international telephony, monitoring services, data and internet connectivity. The teleports also offer VSAT services, hosting services to third parties and serve as a video head-end for Cyta’s IPTV offering in the Cyprus market. Cytaglobal is particularly active in the area of international undersea fibre optic cables, providing wholesale products and services on a global basis. Taking advantage of the island’s strategic geographical position, Cytaglobal has developed an extensive undersea fibre optic cable network, which connects Cyprus with its neighbouring countries of Greece, Italy, Israel, Syria, Lebanon and Egypt and thereafter with the rest of the world. This cable network, uses state-of-the-art technology By Mr Christos Limnatitis, and full restoration and diversity and includes the following Manager, National and International Wholesale Market submarine fibre optic cable systems that land in Cyprus, at three separate Cytaglobal cable landing stations, namely yta, the leading telecommunications operator Ayia Napa, Pentaskhinos and Yeroskipos: in Cyprus, provides the full spectrum of ARIEL – a private cable subsystem consisting of a fibre Cadvanced telecommunication products and pair between Cyprus and Israel providing connectivity to services, covering fixed and mobile voice and data Israel and extending beyond to Western Europe through communications, Internet, IPTV, broadband and other existing networks.
  • Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16

    Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16

    Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16:57:32 Desc Main Document Page 1 of 137 Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16:57:32 Desc Main Document Page 2 of 137 Exhibit A Case 20-32299-KLP Doc 208 Filed 06/01/20 Entered 06/01/20 16:57:32 Desc Main Document Page 3 of 137 Exhibit A1 Served via Overnight Mail Name Attention Address 1 Address 2 City State Zip Country Aastha Broadcasting Network Limited Attn: Legal Unit213 MezzanineFl Morya LandMark1 Off Link Road, Andheri (West) Mumbai 400053 IN Abs Global LTD Attn: Legal O'Hara House 3 Bermudiana Road Hamilton HM08 BM Abs-Cbn Global Limited Attn: Legal Mother Ignacia Quezon City Manila PH Aditya Jain S/O Sudhir Kumar Jain Attn: Legal 12, Printing Press Area behind Punjab Kesari Wazirpur Delhi 110035 IN AdminNacinl TelecomunicacionUruguay Complejo Torre De Telecomuniciones Guatemala 1075. Nivel 22 HojaDeEntrada 1000007292 5000009660 Montevideo CP 11800 UY Advert Bereau Company Limited Attn: Legal East Legon Ars Obojo Road Asafoatse Accra GH Africa Digital Network Limited c/o Nation Media Group Nation Centre 7th Floor Kimathi St PO Box 28753-00100 Nairobi KE Africa Media Group Limited Attn: Legal Jamhuri/Zaramo Streets Dar Es Salaam TZ Africa Mobile Network Communication Attn: Legal 2 Jide Close, Idimu Council Alimosho Lagos NG Africa Mobile Networks Cameroon Attn: Legal 131Rue1221 Entree Des Hydrocarbures Derriere Star Land Hotel Bonapriso-Douala Douala CM Africa Mobile Networks Cameroon Attn: Legal BP12153 Bonapriso Douala CM Africa Mobile Networks Gb,
  • Optical Communication: Its History and Recent Progress Govind P

    Optical Communication: Its History and Recent Progress Govind P

    177 8 Optical Communication: Its History and Recent Progress Govind P. Agrawal 8.1 Historical Perspective – 178 8.2 Basic Concepts Behind Optical Communication – 181 8.2.1 Optical Transmitters and Receivers – 181 8.2.2 Optical Fibers and Cables – 182 8.2.3 Modulations Formats – 184 8.2.4 Channel Multiplexing – 185 8.3 Evolution of Optical Communication from 1975 to 2000 – 187 8.3.1 The First Three Generations – 187 8.3.2 The Fourth Generation – 188 8.3.3 Bursting of the Telecom Bubble in 2000 – 190 8.4 The Fifth Generation – 191 8.5 The Sixth Generation – 192 8.5.1 Capacity Limit of Single-Mode Fibers – 193 8.5.2 Space-Division Multiplexing – 194 8.6 Worldwide Fiber-Optic Communication Network – 195 8.7 Conclusions – 197 References – 198 G.P. Agrawal (*) The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester NY 14627, USA e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s) 2016 M.D. Al-Amri et al. (eds.), Optics in Our Time, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-31903-2_8 178 G.P. Agrawal 8.1 Historical Perspective The use of light for communication purposes dates back to antiquity if we interpret optical communication in a broad sense, implying any communication scheme that makes use of light. Most civilizations have used mirrors, fire beacons, or smoke signals to convey a single piece of information (such as victory in a war). For example, it is claimed that the Greeks constructed in 1084 B.C. a 500-km-long line of fire beacons to convey the news of the fall of Troy [1].
  • Radio Science Bulletin Staff

    Radio Science Bulletin Staff

    INTERNATIONAL UNION UNION OF RADIO-SCIENTIFIQUE RADIO SCIENCE INTERNATIONALE ISSN 1024-4530 Bulletin No 360 March 2017 Radio Science URSI, c/o Ghent University (INTEC) St.-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent (Belgium) Contents Radio Science Bulletin Staff ....................................................................................... 4 URSI Offi cers and Secretariat.................................................................................... 7 Editor’s Comments ..................................................................................................... 9 Special Section: The Best Papers from the EMTS 2016 Young Scientist Awards 11 Sub-Voxel Refi nement Method for Tissue Boundary Conductivities in Volume Conductor Models ................................................................................... 13 How Kerr Nonlinearity Infl uences Polarized Electromagnetic Wave Propagation ................................................................................................. 19 Sum-Frequency and Second-Harmonic Generation from Plasmonic Nonlinear Nanoantennas ...................................................................................... 43 Hornet Biological Radar for Detection, Tracking, Direction Finding, and Long Distance Communication: Is This Possible? ............................................. 50 Foreword to Radio Science for Humanity: URSI-France 2017 Workshop ......... 60 URSI France 2017 Workshop on Radio Science for Humanity ............................ 62 Journées scientifi ques URSI-France 2017
  • Preliminary Identification of Pressures of the Coastal Seas in Socio-Economic Terms Gap Analysis on Data and Knowledge Deliverable Nr

    Preliminary Identification of Pressures of the Coastal Seas in Socio-Economic Terms Gap Analysis on Data and Knowledge Deliverable Nr

    PERSEUS Deliverable Nr. D2.2 Preliminary identification of pressures of the coastal seas in socio-economic terms Gap Analysis on data and knowledge Deliverable Nr. 2.2 - 1 - PERSEUS Deliverable Nr. D2.2 Project Full title Policy-oriented marine Environmental Research in the Southern EUropean Seas Project Acronym PERSEUS Grant Agreement No. 287600 Coordinator Dr. E. Papathanassiou Project start date and duration 1st January 2012, 48 months Project website www.perseus-net.eu Deliverable Nr. 2.2 Deliverable Date T11 Work Package No 2 Work Package Title Pressures and impacts at coastal level Responsible Jean François CADIOU Didier Sauzade Plan Bleu Areti Kontogianni AEGEAN Michalis Skourtos AEGEAN Dimitris Damigos AEGEAN and NTUA Aleksandar Shivarov BSNN Marta Pascual BC3 Elena Ojea BC3 Authors & Anil Markandya BC3 Benjamin Boteler Ecologic Institute Institutes Acronyms Max Grünig Ecologic Institute Shirra Freeman HU José A Jiménez UPC-LIM Herminia I. Valdemoro UPC-LIM Eduard Ariza UPC-LIM Martí Puig UPC-CERTEC Rosa Mari Darbra UPC-CERTEC Joaquim Casal UPC-CERTEC Status: Final (F) June 2013, updated August 2013 (v18) Draft (D) Revised draft (RV) Dissemination level: Public (PU) • Restricted to other program participants (PP) Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (RE) Confidential, only for members of the consortium (CO) - 2 - PERSEUS Deliverable Nr. D2.2 CONTENTS Executive summary / Abstract ............................................................................................ 13 Scope ...........................................................................................................................................
  • The Early History of Telegraphy

    The Early History of Telegraphy

    VOLUME 26 268 PHILIPS TECHNICAL REVIEW The early history of telegraphy G. R. M. Garratt 621.394(091) It has been said that the history of the art of commu- cian in The Hague tried to explain the causes of the .nication is the history of the human race. While such astonishing military successes of the French which had a statement is perhaps too sweeping, it is undoubtedly occurred in the meantime, he mentioned several factors: a fact that the development of communication is an in- " ... courage, aided by inventiveness which yielded the tegral part ofthe growth of civilization, Every improve- useful telegraph, the application of the balloon, an ample ment in the speed and facility with which thoughts production of saltpetre and ingenious strategic plans" [11. and ideas can be exchanged has had its social or econo- It is certainly not without significanee that it was the mic effect, and we can appreciate fully the significanee telegraph, the device which had permitted coordina- and trend of historical, social and political develop- tion of efforts on different fronts, which was given ments only if we view them against the background of priority of mention in this quotation. The telegraph the contemporary state of the art of communication. referred to was the visual telegraph or Semaphore Momentous changes in the art of communication devised by Claude Chappe. were initiated in the first half of the 19th century, and Claude Chappe - nephew of a well-known astron- in the context of this special issue of Philips Technical omer- had shown a keen interest in science when still Review it seems worth while to give some attention to a young man and had published several articles in the this most interesting period.
  • Implementing Secure Applications Thanks to an Integrated Secure Element

    Implementing Secure Applications Thanks to an Integrated Secure Element

    Implementing Secure Applications Thanks to an Integrated Secure Element Sylvain Guilley1;2;3 a, Michel Le Rolland4 and Damien Quenson4 1Secure-IC S.A.S., Tour Montparnasse, 27th floor, 75015 Paris, France 2TELECOM-Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 19 Place Marguerite Perey, 91120 Palaiseau, France 3École Normale Supérieure, 45 rue d’Ulm, Département d’informatique, CNRS, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France 4Secure-IC S.A.S. Headquarters, 15 rue Claude Chappe, Bât. B, 35510 Cesson-Sévigné, France Keywords: Integrated Secure Element, Host Protection, Certification Schemes, Security Flexibility, Internet of Things. Abstract: More and more networked applications require security, with keys managed at the end-point. However, tradi- tional Secure Elements have not been designed to be connected. There is thus a need to bridge the gap, and novel kinds of Secure Elements have been introduced in this respect. Connectivity has made it possible for a single chip to implement multiple usages. For instance, in a smart- phone, security is about preventing the device from being rooted, but also about enabling user’s online privacy. Therefore, Secure Elements shall be compatible with multiple requirements for various vertical markets (e.g., payment, contents protection, automotive, etc.). The solution to this versatility is the integration of the Secure Element within the device main chip. Such approach, termed iSE (integrated Secure Element), consists in the implementation of a subsystem, endowed to manage the chip security, within a host System-on-Chip. The iSE offers flexibility in the security deployment. However, natural questions that arise are: how to pro- gram security applications using an iSE? How to certify those applications, most likely according to several different schemes? This position paper addresses those questions, and comes up with some key concepts of on-chip security, in terms of iSE secure usage.
  • Telegraph: Early Postal Role

    Telegraph: Early Postal Role

    Telegraph: Early Postal Role Before the 1830s, a "telegraph" was any system of sending messages over a distance without a physical exchange between the sender and receiver. The few telegraph systems then in operation were "optical telegraphs" — they did not transmit messages electronically, but visually, with people receiving and sending visible signals.1 Although chains of relay towers extended the reach of transmissions, optical telegraphs could not be used at night or in bad weather. Congressional Interest in Telegraphs In February 1837, Congress asked Secretary of the Treasury Levi Woodbury to investigate and report on the "propriety of establishing a system of telegraphs for the United States."2 This request was due at least in part to a petition of Captain Samuel C. Reid to establish a national telegraph system the month before.3 On March 10, 1837, Woodbury sent out a written request for information to knowledgeable persons. He received more than a dozen replies, including one from Samuel F. B. Morse, an art professor at New York University. All but one respondent discussed the feasibility of installing optical telegraphs along the country's coast lines. Morse, however, enthused at length about an "entirely new mode of telegraphic communication," one he conceived during an ocean voyage five years earlier — an electromagnetic telegraph.4 In a letter of September 27, 1837, Morse informed Woodbury that his electromagnetic telegraph would work "at any moment, irrespective of the time of day or night, or state of the weather," noting that "this single point" established "its superiority to all other modes of telegraphic communication now known." Another point in its favor was its ability to record messages, which meant messages could be received even if the device was unattended.
  • The Adventurous Story of the Mechanical Internet | 179 180 | Titolo Dell'articolo 20

    The Adventurous Story of the Mechanical Internet | 179 180 | Titolo Dell'articolo 20

    The adventurousPozzi a Venezia story of the“Dolce mechanical e chiara co fa un specchio” Testo e foto InternetBruno Berti Chappe’s revolutionary optical telegraph Massimo Marchiori 17 17 Nella guerra t is generally believed that the first tel- di Crimea il 9 “I may lose a battle, but I settembre 1855, ecommunications system was the electric dopo la presa di Sebastopoli shall never lose a minute.” telegraph invented by Samuel Morse: this un telegrafo Ielectric cable carrying information then de- Chappe venne Napoleon's famous phrase allestito sulla veloped into the telephone and the modern cima Korlinoff. contains the key to his success Nel 1845 era stato Internet. In Napoleon’s day, Morse was still già trasmesso il – time. The French emperor a child and his invention had not seen yet primo dispaccio col seen the light. For years, however, the world telegafo elettrico. explained further: During the had actually already had a telecommuni- Crimean War, on cations system, the first real step towards 9 September 1855, “Strategy is the art of using after the capture of “connected humanity”. Sebastopol, a Chappe time and space well. system was set up That system was called the “telegraph”, on the Malakoff. and it was the first true telegraph, even de- In 1845 the first I am less interested in the latter dispatch had been scribed by Alexandre Dumas in the Count sent by the electric than the former: : telegraph. of Monte Cristo I can recapture space but never “Yes, a telegraph. I had often seen one placed at the end of a road on a hillock, and in the 18 Disegno di time.” Napoleon possessed and telegrafo ottico light of the sun its black arms, bending in durante le guerre used something of fundamental every direction, always reminded me of the napoleoniche.
  • Cyta's Satellite Services

    Cyta's Satellite Services

    Cyta’s Satellite Services page 1 Introduction to Cyta Cyta is a government corporate body and the dominant telecommunications operator in Cyprus A customer-driven enterprise operating in a competitive market Provides the full spectrum of advanced telecommunications products & services, at competitive prices Turnover: € 448m, Profit: € 67m before tax (2012, un-audited) Long term profitability & no debts Number of employees: approx. 2,900 page 2 Cyta’s Major Retail Products & Subsidiaries The major provider of fixed and mobile communications in the Cyprus market Number One Internet Service Provider IP/MPLS/Ethernet backbone network- convergence of networks and services ADSL access to Cyta's broadband network Digital television to the home over ADSL Hellas Major Subsidiary Companies in Cyprus & Abroad page 3 Cyta’s International Network International core network over SDH, Ethernet & IP/MPLS Two international switching centers A regional internet node (Cytanet) Two Teleport sites with more than 30 major antennas Three cable stations with 9 submarine cable systems Global international connectivity Direct circuits with major Operators Full redundancy & diversity Nicosia Paralimni Larnaca A modern network management Troodos Ermis Ayia Napa Ugarit (Syria) & operations center Athena Paphos Makarios (Italy & Greece) Yeroskipos Pentaskhinos Minerva Limassol (Italy & Europe) Athena Cios (Italy & Greece) Cadmos (Israel) Sea Me We 3 Alexandros (Lebanon) (Europe & Asia) Minerva (France & Egypt) (Italy & Europe) page 4 Major International Fiber Systems Major international fiber systems connect Cyprus to Europe & the rest of the World Alexandros, a new system to France and Egypt with 96λ capacity in each direction Minerva to Greece, Italy and thereafter to W. Europe SMW3 from Australia, Japan & South East Asia to W.
  • Ccitt Itu-T 1956 2006 50Years

    Ccitt Itu-T 1956 2006 50Years

    International Telecommunication Union 1956 0YEARS 2006 1 505 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE CCITT ITU-T 1956 2006 50YEARS 20 July 2006 www.itu.int/ITU-T/50/ CCITT / ITU-T 1956 - 2006 Etymology Telecommunication is the communication of information over a distance and the term is commonly used to refer to communication using some type of signalling or the transmission and reception of electromagnetic energy. The word comes from a combination of the Greek tele, meaning ‘far’, and the Latin communicatio- nem, meaning to impart, to share – literally: to make common. It is the discipline that studies the principles of transmitting information and the methods by which that information is delivered, such as print, radio or television, etc. Visual/optical telegraphs Early forms of telecommunication Telecommunications predate the tele- and stimulated Lord George Murray to Boston, and its purpose was to transmit phone. The first forms of telecommu- propose a system of visual telegraphy to news about shipping. nication were optical telegraphs using the British Admiralty. A chain of 15 tow- visual means of transmission, such as er stations was set up for the Admiralty In the late 19th century, the British Roy- smoke signals and beacons, and have between London and Deal at a cost of al Navy pioneered the use of the Aldis, existed since ancient times. nearly GBP 4 000; others followed to or signal lamp, which, using a focused Portsmouth, Yarmouth and Plymouth. lamp, produced pulses of light in Morse A significant telecommunication de- code. Invented by A.C.W Aldis, the velopment took place in the late eigh- In the United States, the first visual tele- lamps were used until the end of the 2 teenth century with the invention of graph based on the semaphore principle 20th century and were usually equipped semaphore.
  • Newsletter N\2605

    Newsletter N\2605

    NewsletterVot re s logan professi onnel Bimensuelle ADECADEC----NSNS Date de la vente : 00/00/00 Le 11 mars 2013 N°5 ACTUALITE INTERNATIONALE Une nouvelle étape dans la coopération Ouzbékistan – Toulouse Le 5 février dernier, le Président de l’Institut d’Etat de Droit de Tachkent, en compagnie d’une délégation de l’Ambassade, est venu à Toulouse pour conclure un partenariat avec l’Université Toulouse 1 Capitole. L’accord signé prévoit l’établissement d’un double-diplôme entre l’Institut d’Etat de Droit de Tachkent. Les étu- diants ouzbeks effectueraient leur licence à Tachkent avant venir à Toulouse pour le Master. Amon Z. Mukha- medjanov a mis en avant la grande qualité des juristes français, critère qui l’a incité à signer ce partenariat. Le fait que l’université de Toulouse 1 Capitole figure parmi les meilleures en France ainsi que les liens solides unissant Toulouse et l’Ouzbékistan ont contribué à ce nouveau partenariat. Par ailleurs, le Président de l’Insti- tut d’Etat de Droit a souligné le potentiel de cette future collaboration en rappelant que près de 6000 lycées en- seignaient le français en Ouzbékistan à l’heure actuelle. La coopération universitaire avec l’Ouzbékistan est assez riche à Toulouse. Le réseau Université de Toulouse dispose d’une convention qui peut permettre des échanges étudiants avec l’Université de Boukhara. De 2003 à 2008, des études ont été menées par l’Ecole Nationale d’Architecture de Toulouse et une autre est actuelle- ment en cours de réalisation. L’ensemble de ces coopérations a pour vocation d’être approfondi dans un futur proche tant le potentiel humain (30 millions d’habitants) et la croissance des besoins de cette économie en pleine expansion (en moyenne 8,5 % par an durant les cinq dernières années) requiert une main d’œuvre qua- lifiée.