DOCSLIB.ORG

INTEGRATED MONITORING PROGRAM for the Hawkesbury-Nepean, Shoalhaven and Woronora River Systems

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
INTEGRATED MONITORING PROGRAM for the Hawkesbury-Nepean, Shoalhaven and Woronora River Systems HAWKESBURY NEPEAN RIVER MANAGEMENT FORUM INTEGRATED MONITORING PROGRAM for the Hawkesbury-Nepean, Shoalhaven and Woronora River Systems PREPARED BY Independent Expert Panel on Environmental Flows for the Hawkesbury Nepean, Shoalhaven and Woronora Catchments April 2004 Independent Expert Panel Members Mr Robert Wilson BA (Hons), FCPA, MACS; Independent Chair Dr David Barnes, Sinclair Knight Merz Pty. Ltd.; Bulk water and sewerage systems Dr.Keith Bishop, Freshwater Biology Consultant; Fish ecology Dr Tony Church, Sinclair Knight Merz Pty. Ltd.; Water quality Dr Ivor Growns, Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Natural Resources; Macroinvertebrate ecology Dr Eleni Taylor-Wood, Biosis Research Pty. Ltd.; In-stream and riparian vegetation Mr Ian Varley, SMEC Australia; Hydrology Dr Robin Warner, Environmental Geomorphologist; Geomorphology Dr Stuart White, Institute for Sustainable Futures; Resource economics and socio-economic assessment The Expert Panel acknowledges the support and expertise provided by associated advisers. Illustrations Conceptual model diagrams; Ros Dare, Sinclair Knight Merz Pty. Ltd Ecological processes (Plates 1 to 7); Robbie Charles Bishop-Taylor EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The New South Wales (NSW) Government established the Hawkesbury-Nepean Management Forum (Forum) to make recommendations on an environmental flow regime for the Hawkesbury-Nepean River that would incorporate the maintenance of or improvement in environmental, social and economic conditions. The establishment of the Forum arose out of the Council of Australian Governments’ Water Reform Framework of 1994 and the NSW Government’s Water Reforms of 1997. To assist the NSW government and the Forum, the NSW government appointed the Independent Expert Panel on Environmental Flows for the Hawkesbury-Nepean, Shoalhaven and Woronora Rivers (Panel). To guide the Forum’s work plan and the work of the Panel, environmental, socio-economic, and cultural objectives were established. These objectives incorporate and expand upon the NSW River Flow Objectives. The health of the Hawkesbury-Nepean, Shoalhaven and Woronora River systems has been impacted through the combined effects of river regulation, irrigation, urbanization (resulting in inputs of sewage effluent and stormwater pollution), other landuse changes, coal mining and sand and gravel extraction. Many significant advances have been made to improve river health over the last decade, mainly through the increased treatment of sewage effluent and stormwater. However, the increase in population and the continuing low rate of flows in the rivers are threatening these investments. Aquatic weeds are spreading rapidly throughout the Hawkesbury-Nepean and deteriorating water quality in some areas is compromising the health of the river, and can lead to lethal toxic events. The incidence of fish detected with diseases is above the regional average. If the decline in river health was allowed to continue it is likely that there will be increased fragmentation of fish populations, disease rates in fish will increase, water quality will deteriorate, biodiversity will be reduced and exotic plants and animals will spread at the expense of native species. The introduction of environmental flows is necessary to ensure that the rivers remain healthy. The monitoring program integrates many related matters that impact on river health. Environmental flows must be introduced within the context of a water management strategy so that the equitable and inter-generational management of the water resource can be planned. No such strategic approach to water management exists in the region. The Forum, together with the Water Chief Executive Officers Committee (Water CEOs), has developed significant elements of the water management strategy that are linked to river health outcomes. Such a strategic approach necessitates consideration of all river systems within the water supply network for Sydney, the Blue Mountains, Illawarra and Shoalhaven as well as water recycling, water conservation, alternate water resources and pollution management. Many ancillary programs have been developed by the Forum to address the strategic mechanisms associated with water resource management. Weir investigations, water sensitive urban design, integrated effluent management and institutional arrangements including land use planning, will all play an important part in protecting an environmental flow regime and the long-term viability of the region’s water resources. The greatest immediate protection of the benefits of environmental flows will result from the implementation of the Forum’s recommended Effluent Reuse Strategy. This Strategy will bring many benefits including improved security of supply for irrigators, improved weir management, reduction of nutrients to the river particularly during low flows and a potential reduction in the quantity of water needed for environmental releases from Warragamba Dam. Development of the Monitoring Program There is a vast network of streams to be assessed for river health, water resources and the associated economic, social, cultural and environmental benefits. To assist in the assessment and to identify high priority issues and evaluate the potential benefits, the Panel divided the river systems into 29 separate reaches that primarily reflect differences in physical and hydrological characteristics along the rivers. These covered the Hawkesbury-Nepean system (including the Wingecarribee River), the Shoalhaven River downstream of Tallowa Dam and Woronora River. Conceptual models were then developed from information concerning the ecology, geomorphology, hydrology, cultural and anthropogenic characteristics of each individual reach. Hydrological surrogates based on the scientific knowledge of Panel members were used to assess the environmental benefits of a series of environmental flow options shortlisted by the Forum. The recommended environmental flow regimes for the Upper Nepean, i Hawkesbury-Nepean, Shoalhaven and Woronora Monitoring Program Executive Summary Warragamba and Tallowa Dams were then selected primarily on the basis of minimising the differences in the hydrological surrogates from the modelled natural flow regimes. Modelling of the interaction between environmental flows, the proposed effluent reuse strategy and water quality in each reach was also carried out to inform the selection process. Determining the environmental, social, cultural and economic benefits of the recommended environmental flow regimes and the associated water management strategies is premised upon the fact that an adaptive management process will be implemented. This will ensure that the optimum benefits of the flow regime in contributing to river health and water management are realised. Adaptive management is an approach that suits ideally the circumstances of the Hawkesbury-Nepean, Shoalhaven and Woronora systems. It is a process based on the understanding that knowledge of the environmental, social, cultural and economic systems of a region is not always complete but is dynamic in nature and that management decisions will be inclusive of stakeholder opinions. Available information is used to formulate objectives, such as to improve the health of the river. The favoured actions are then implemented and subjected to strict monitoring. The results of the monitoring are fed back to modify the management actions until the desired outcome or objective is achieved. Adaptive management requires a monitoring program that drives and informs the process. The monitoring program described in this report, with its associated adaptive management process, is designed to ensure that the implementation of an environmental flow regime is successful in improving and preserving the environmental, social, economic and cultural health associated with these rivers. The design of the integrated monitoring program concentrated on the high priority issues identified during the river reaches assessment and was based around four components: § Fundamental hydrological monitoring. This component provides baseline information for other components of the monitoring program and to inform adaptive management. § Ecological and physical monitoring. This component addresses the impact of an environmental flow regime on a range of issues including fish abundance and community structure, habitat features, aquatic macroinvertebrates, aquatic and riparian plants, water quality (particularly temperature) and stratification. § Ancillary monitoring. This component measures improvements arising from related strategies recommended by the Forum (such as the Effluent Reuse Strategy, protection of environmental flows and the impacts of channel changes). § Social, economic, cultural and heritage monitoring. This component measures how social, economic, cultural and heritage issues affect river conditions and how they may in turn be affected by changing river conditions. In designing the program, the conceptual models were used to characterise the physical and anthropogenic ‘template’ of the reaches. The high priority issues within each river reach (or group of reaches) were then described in relation to how the environmental flows would provide ecological, social and economic benefits to the river system. Hypotheses were then developed, response variables determined for each hypothesis and field study designs and statistical analysis approaches developed for each high priority issue. A separate methodology was used to develop the social and economic and cultural
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Volume 38 No 2 Autumn 2013
    Volume 38 Issue 2 Berowra Waters from the Great North Walk, A pleasant day walk. Autumn 2013 Wouldn’t you like to be here? Hiking in the Zanskar region of Ladakh, from Padum to Lamayuru. Photo: Nina Gallo Pagodas, Capertee region. Photo: Michael Keats, The Bush Club Walk Safely—Walk with a Club T h e Bushwalker The Official Publication of Bushwalking NSW Inc Volume 38, Issue 2, Autumn 2013 ISSN 0313 2684 Editor: Roger Caffin From the editor’s desk. [email protected] Graphic Design & Assembly: AME CHANGE: The Confederation is now known as Bushwalking Barry Hanlon NSW. There is an optional ‘Incorporated’ at the end, but that is just Proofreader: Roy Jamieson Na legalism and is not needed in ordinary use. However, I imagine that we will continue to refer to ‘the Confederation’ for quite some time as Confederation Officers: it is convenient. President: David Trinder Administration Officer: [email protected] Website: www.bushwalking.org.au Articles for Publication Address all correspondence to: We are always happy to receive pictures for the Inside Front Cover. If you would like to PO Box 119, Newtown, NSW 2042 see yours published, send them in. Note that I need the originals, straight from the camera and uncropped and unretouched, so we can set them up for the printing process. We need high resolution for large pictures. In particular, photos embedded in DOC files are not accepted, and neither are scans of standard photographic prints - with Bushwalking NSW Inc represents the possible exception of historical items where the print is all that exists.
    [Show full text]
  • Sydney Water in 1788 Was the Little Stream That Wound Its Way from Near a Day Tour of the Water Supply Hyde Park Through the Centre of the Town Into Sydney Cove
    In the beginning Sydney’s first water supply from the time of its settlement Sydney Water in 1788 was the little stream that wound its way from near A day tour of the water supply Hyde Park through the centre of the town into Sydney Cove. It became known as the Tank Stream. By 1811 it dams south of Sydney was hardly fit for drinking. Water was then drawn from wells or carted from a creek running into Rushcutter’s Bay. The Tank Stream was still the main water supply until 1826. In this whole-day tour by car you will see the major dams, canals and pipelines that provide water to Sydney. Some of these works still in use were built around 1880. The round trip tour from Sydney is around 350 km., all on good roads and motorway. The tour is through attractive countryside south Engines at Botany Pumping Station (demolished) of Sydney, and there are good picnic areas and playgrounds at the dam sites. source of supply. In 1854 work started on the Botany Swamps Scheme, which began to deliver water in 1858. The Scheme included a series of dams feeding a pumping station near the present Sydney Airport. A few fragments of the pumping station building remain and can be seen Tank stream in 1840, from a water-colour by beside General Holmes Drive. Water was pumped to two J. Skinner Prout reservoirs, at Crown Street (still in use) and Paddington (not in use though its remains still exist). The ponds known as Lachlan Swamp (now Centennial Park) only 3 km.
    [Show full text]
  • Sewage Treatment System Impact Monitoring Program
    Sewage Treatment System Impact Monitoring Program Volume 1 Data Report 2019-20 Commercial-in-Confidence Sydney Water 1 Smith Street, Parramatta, NSW Australia 2150 PO Box 399 Parramatta NSW 2124 Report version: STSIMP Data Report 2019-20 Volume 1 final © Sydney Water 2020 This work is copyright. It may be reproduced for study, research or training purposes subject to the inclusion of an acknowledgement of the source and no commercial usage or sale. Reproduction for purposes other than those listed requires permission from Sydney Water. Sewage Treatment System Impact Monitoring Program | Vol 1 Data Report 2019-20 Page | i Executive summary Background Sydney Water operates 23 wastewater treatment systems and each system has an Environment Protection Licence (EPL) regulated by the NSW Environment Protection Authority (EPA). Each EPL specifies the minimum performance standards and monitoring that is required. The Sewage Treatment System Impact Monitoring Program (STSIMP) commenced in 2008 to satisfy condition M5.1a of our EPLs. The results are reported to the NSW EPA every year. The STSIMP aims to monitor the environment within Sydney Water’s area of operations to determine general trends in water quality over time, monitor Sydney Water’s performance and to determine where Sydney Water’s contribution to water quality may pose a risk to environmental ecosystems and human health. The format and content of 2019-20 Data Report predominantly follows four earlier reports (2015-16 to 2018-19). Sydney Water’s overall approach to monitoring (design and method) is consistent with the Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council (ANZECC 2000 and ANZG 2018) guidelines.
    [Show full text]
  • To View More Samplers
    This sampler file contains various sample pages from the product. Sample pages will often include: the title page, an index, and other pages of interest. This sample is fully searchable (read Search Tips) but is not FASTFIND enabled. To view more samplers click here www.gould.com.au www.archivecdbooks.com.au The widest range of Australian, English, · Over 1600 rare Australian and New Zealand Irish, Scottish and European resources · books on fully searchable CD-ROM 11000 products to help with your research · Over 3000 worldwide A complete range of Genealogy software · · Including: Government and Police 5000 data CDs from numerous countries · gazettes, Electoral Rolls, Post Office and Subscribe to our weekly email newsletter Specialist Directories, War records, Regional FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK histories etc. www.unlockthepast.com.au · Promoting History, Genealogy and Heritage in Australia and New Zealand · A major events resource · regional and major roadshows, seminars, conferences, expos · A major go-to site for resources · free information and content, newsletters and blogs, speaker www.familyphotobook.com.au biographies, topic details www.findmypast.com.au · Includes a team of expert speakers, writers, organisations and commercial partners · Free software download to create 35 million local and family records for throughout Australia and New Zealand · professional looking personal photo books, Australian, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, and calendars and more Papua New Guinea New South Wales Government Gazette 1866 Ref. AU2100-1866 ISBN: 978 1 74222 694 1 This book was kindly loaned to Archive Digital Books Australasia by the University of Queensland Library www.library.uq.edu.au Navigating this CD To view the contents of this CD use the bookmarks and Adobe Reader’s forward and back buttons to browse through the pages.
    [Show full text]
  • August 2014 “Nature Conservation Saves for Tomorrow”
    Blue Mountains Conservation Society Inc. Issue No. 317 HUT NEWS August 2014 “Nature Conservation Saves for Tomorrow” Blue Mountains Conservation Society presents Blue Mountains Wild River ... The Wollangambe Sunday 17th August, 2pm Wentworth Falls School of Arts (Cnr Great Western Highway and Adele Avenue) The Wollangambe River is just to the north of Mt. Wilson and for most of its 57km length it is within the World Heritage Blue Mountains and Wollemi National Parks, and the Wollemi Wilderness. Our August meeting is about the beauty of this river and the beast that threatens it. Andy Macqueen will talk about the river from an historical and geographical perspective. Dr Ian Wright and Nakia Belmer will provide a “state of health” of the river. And all of this will be accompanied by glorious images from Ian Brown and Society members. Read more on page 5. Visitors are very welcome. Photos: Wild River gorge, by Ian Brown; Ian Wright take samples to test the health of the river, by Nakia Belmer. BMCS NURSERY PLANT SALES Threatened Species Day Yabbies on the menu! Lawson Nursery, Wednesday Threatened Species Day, 7th September, The Little Pied Cormorant is a and Saturday mornings, 9am to commemorates the death of the last regular visitor to the duck pond in noon. Thylacine (Tasmanian tiger - Thylacinus the Blackheath Memorial Park. The nursery is located in the cynocephalus) at Hobart Zoo in 1936. He rests on one of his favourite Lawson Industrial Area on the Events are held nationally throughout rocks. corner of Park and Cascade September - Biodiversity Month. Streets, opposite Federation Changes to the landscape and native Building Materials - see map on our website habitat as a result of human activity have www.bluemountains.org.au).
    [Show full text]
  • The Millstone
    The Millstone July – August 2013 www.kurrajonghistory.org.au ISSN 2201-0920 Vol 11 Issue 4 July – August 2013 THE MILLSTONE KURRAJONG ~ COMLEROY HISTORICAL SOCIETY The Kurrajong ~ Comleroy Historical Society is dedicated to researching, recording, preserving and promoting the growth of interest in the history of the Kurrajong district, the area west of the Hawkesbury River bounded by Bilpin and the Grose and Colo rivers THIS ISSUE Colo River tour 2 Four sumpter horses CAROLYNNE COOPER John Low OAM was the guest speaker at the general meeting held wenty people had booked to go on our tour to Colo on April 9 led by Wanda on 27 May. His talk covered the 1813 Deacon. We drove down Comleroy Road to the Upper Colo church where we crossing of the Blue Mountains with Twere given an informative tour, Powerpoint presentation and morning tea before an emphasis on the role played heading off on an adventure of a lifetime. by the four sumpter horses and It is difficult to say when the Colo River was first discovered as white settlers had how horses played a pivotal role in been living on the banks of the Colo River since the early 1800s with the first land most of the expeditions of the early grants being made in 1804. Initially it was called the second branch of the Hawkes- colony. bury River. William Parr on his way northward in 1817 wrote notes on the Colo as did Benjamin Singleton six months later, then John Howe went on an expedition to the 4 The Darkiñung Abstract Hunter in 1819 passing through the area.
    [Show full text]
  • Extraction of Sand from the Colo River and Processing of Sand on Portion 37, Lower Colo Road, Colo
    .. ";0Cl4 ~ /,blf/(' Report to the Honourable Bob Carr Minister for Planning and Environment An Inquiry pursuant to Section 119 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act, 1979, into a development application EXTRACTION OF SAND FROM THE COLO RIVER AND PROCESSING OF SAND ON PORTION 37, LOWER COLO ROAD, COLO John Woodward, Chairman COMMISSIONER OF INQUIRY September 1985 f \, F i i S Y D N E Y ,:j it September 1985 ( !'. 1, . TO MINISTER FOR PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT j \ On 18th January 1985, you directed that an inquiry be ,I. '/ held in accordance with Section 119 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979, by a Commission of Inquiry ( with respect to a development application to dredge sand from the Colo River adjacent to portion 37, Lower Colo, in the Shire of Hawkesbury. You commissioned me to conduct ) the inquiry into the proposed development and to report \., my findings and recommendations to you . The public inquiry was held at Sydney commencing on 30th July, 1985. During the course of the inquiry adjournments were granted to allow certain parties further time to prepare their submissions to the inquiry. Field visits were conducted in the presence of the parties to the proposed dredging site on the Colo River, to adjoin­ ing lands and to nearby properties held by obj ectors to the development and to other vantage points in the area. The public sessions of the inquiry concluded on 14th August 1985. This report is made to you pursuant to the provisions of the Act and sets ")tit my findings and recommendations on the issues raised ,during the course of the inquiry.
    [Show full text]
  • Resources (NSW) Pty Ltd 'S WT PRIMAR NDTR1
    EIS 1790 Widemere Estate: Bora! Resources (NSW) Pty Ltd 's WT PRIMAR NDTR1 fAO66847 L c>C /ccTh Widemere Lstate Amendment to State Environmental Planning Policy No. 59 Boral Resources (NSW) Pty Ltd r -,---,k- - Ofli) I LI!IIIPJIOL LJUI ).))) EU i UaOr Delivering sustainable SOil!tIOfIS iii 0 more corupelilive world 7,w) Boral Resources (NS\N) Pty Ltd December 200 8010584 Approved by: Judy McKittrick - Position: Project Director www.entn.com Signed: Date: (1 21 December 2001 Euviron,nenlal Resources Management Australia Ply Ltd Quality System Jiii.irce.; ipr JRJ H :-.s hi i lrl iJ1s1t1 lii L\vcii }:lIillLllYiLlIL1 lsiieiuenI AusmiiIi '(v lid A( N 00277H 24e (ERNl disH (liCliLl1(. 1 he I eporl rclie up's dule, ILIrvevs, 1r'durdrncnlsu1d rel1s lakeis l or under t he i 'arliculci' tines and coisd i lions specified herein. Any find jigs, ci sitel nsons or reconi n etsdn Lions only apply to the aforenien tinned circn instances nd no rea Icr reliance should he a ssu nd or H saws by I he ClienI. Furthermore, the report l's,ss been prepared solely for use by (he Clien I and 11KM stccepls no 'esponsbililv lorik rweb'r oiler parties. TABLE OF CONTENTS Puge No. 1. INTRODUCTION I 2. SITE AND SURROUNDING AREA 3 2.1 SITE DESCRIPTION 3 2.2 SITE HISTORY 3 2.3 SURROUNDING LAND USES 7 3. PLANNING CONTROLS 9 3.1 INTRODUCTION 9 3.2 STATE ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING POLICIES 9 3.2.1 Central Western Sydney Economic and Employment Area 9 3.2.2 Remediation of Land 10 3.2.3 Integrating Land Use and Transport 11 3.3 REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PLANS 11 3.3.1 Georges River Catchment 11 3.3.2 Extractive Industry 12 3.3.3 Western Sydney Regional Park 13 3.4 LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL PLANS 13 3.4.1 Fairfield Local Environmental Plan 1994 13 3.4.2 Hoiroyd Local Environmental Plan 13 3.5 OTHER PLANNING POLICIES 14 3.5.1 Shaping Western Sydney - The Planning Strategy for Western Sydney 14 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Bielany Flyer.Pub
    HOW TO GET TO BIELANY Bielany is located in the COLO RIVER VALLEY 28 km North of Windsor 3 km west of the Putty Road. Bielany Borders with the Wollemi National Park BIELANY Polish Foundation of NSW Polish Community Recreational Reserve To get to Bielany, first travel to Windsor then take the Putty Road through Wilberforce heading towards Singleton. About 25km out of Windsor, turn left just before the Colo River Bridge and then turn left onto Upper Colo Road. Keep following the road around, you must go over 2 bridges and you will find BIELANY the gates to Bielany on your right 213 Upper Colo Road hand side, straight after the Colo NSW 2756 second creek bridge. Phone: (02) 4575-5311 What to do at Bielany Advice for visitors to Bielany BIELANY • Swimming, Canoeing and Kayaking • Remember that Bielany is a wilderness area, we all Polish Foundation of NSW • Bushwalking and Bird Watching wish to keep it that way. • Fishing Bielany is a 40 acre Semi Wilderness • Volleyball, Badminton and Table Tennis • Take care when picnicking and camping, beware of recreational, picnic and camping • 4WD tracks close by falling branches and other hazards. ground. • Good old fashioned relaxation Bielany is located on the Banks of • Please take your rubbish with you. (council does NOT pick up our rubbish). the picturesque Colo River, approxi- mately 80km north west of Sydney. • Keep your dogs on a leash. It was established and is managed by the Polish Community of Sydney, through the Polish • Respect the peace and privacy of others. Foundation in NSW Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • The Murray–Darling Basin Basin Animals and Habitat the Basin Supports a Diverse Range of Plants and the Murray–Darling Basin Is Australia’S Largest Animals
    The Murray–Darling Basin Basin animals and habitat The Basin supports a diverse range of plants and The Murray–Darling Basin is Australia’s largest animals. Over 350 species of birds (35 endangered), and most diverse river system — a place of great 100 species of lizards, 53 frogs and 46 snakes national significance with many important social, have been recorded — many of them found only in economic and environmental values. Australia. The Basin dominates the landscape of eastern At least 34 bird species depend upon wetlands in 1. 2. 6. Australia, covering over one million square the Basin for breeding. The Macquarie Marshes and kilometres — about 14% of the country — Hume Dam at 7% capacity in 2007 (left) and 100% capactiy in 2011 (right) Narran Lakes are vital habitats for colonial nesting including parts of New South Wales, Victoria, waterbirds (including straw-necked ibis, herons, Queensland and South Australia, and all of the cormorants and spoonbills). Sites such as these Australian Capital Territory. Australia’s three A highly variable river system regularly support more than 20,000 waterbirds and, longest rivers — the Darling, the Murray and the when in flood, over 500,000 birds have been seen. Australia is the driest inhabited continent on earth, Murrumbidgee — run through the Basin. Fifteen species of frogs also occur in the Macquarie and despite having one of the world’s largest Marshes, including the striped and ornate burrowing The Basin is best known as ‘Australia’s food catchments, river flows in the Murray–Darling Basin frogs, the waterholding frog and crucifix toad. bowl’, producing around one-third of the are among the lowest in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Including the Upper Nepean Scheme), at Which Time It Was Used Only to Flush Creeks and Ponds 14 in the Botanic Gardens.13F13F
    by 1890 (including the Upper Nepean Scheme), at which time it was used only to flush creeks and ponds 14 in the Botanic Gardens.13F13F FIGURE 6: WOOLCOTT & CLARKE’S MAP OF THE CITY OF SYDNEY, 1864 (SOURCE: HISTORICAL ATLAS OF SYDNEY) FIGURE 7: BUSBY’S BORE ACROSS HYDE PARK, FINAL FLOW OF WATER ACROSS TRESTLES, TO BE COLLECTED AND DISTRIBUTED BY HORSE DRAWN CART (SOURCE: CITY OF SYDNEY ARCHIVES, CALL NUMBER: SSV1 / WAT) 14 ibid Archaeological Assessment—Sydney Football Stadium Prepared by Curio Projects for Infrastructure NSW 25 FIGURE 8: SECTION OF BUSBY’S BORE NEAR INTERSECTION OF LIVERPOOL AND COLLEGE STREETS, THIS SECTION OF THE BORE WAS CONSTRUCTED AS AN OPEN CUT TRENCH, LAID WITH SANDSTONE MASONRY AND SLAB ROOF (SOURCE: SYDNEY WATER ARCHIVES, REF: A1029) FIGURE 9: BUSBY’S BORE ACCESS POINT AT VICTORIA BARRACKS, PADDINGTON (SOURCE: CITY OF SYDNEY ARCHIVES, FILE. 029\029322) Archaeological Assessment—Sydney Football Stadium Prepared by Curio Projects for Infrastructure NSW 26 FIGURE 10: ORIGINAL 1892 PLAN OF BUSBY’S BORE (N.B. THIS MAP HAS BEEN PROVEN TO HAVE MANY LOCATIONAL INACCURACIES) (SOURCE: SYDNEY WATER ARCHIVES, REF: A1029) 3.4. Rifle Range and Moore Park Following the establishment and completion of construction of the Victoria Park Barracks, it became apparent that additional land was required for both a rifle range, as well as recreational facilities for the troops. Thus in 1849, additional land from the Sydney Common was set aside for a professional military rifle range (Figure 11), followed in 1852 by an additional 25 acres for a ‘military garden and cricket 15 ground’14F14F (the location of which eventually became the Sydney Cricket Ground).
    [Show full text]
  • Reconstruction of Historical Riverine Sediment Production on The
    Anthropocene 21 (2018) 1–15 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Anthropocene journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ancene Reconstruction of historical riverine sediment production on the goldfields of Victoria, Australia a, a b c c Peter Davies *, Susan Lawrence , Jodi Turnbull , Ian Rutherfurd , James Grove , d e f Ewen Silvester , Darren Baldwin , Mark Macklin a Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia b Ochre Imprints, 331 Johnston Street, Abbotsford, Victoria, 3067, Australia c School of Geography, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, 22 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia d Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Victoria, Australia e School of Environmental Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Thurgoon, NSW, 2640, Australia f School of Geography & Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health, College of Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, Lincolnshire LN6 7TS, United Kingdom A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: fi fi Received 20 July 2017 A signi cant but previously unquanti ed factor in anthropogenic change in Australian rivers was the release Received in revised form 20 November 2017 of large volumes of sediment produced by gold mining in the 19th century. This material, known historically Accepted 22 November 2017 as ‘sludge’, rapidly entered waterways adjacent to mining areas and caused major environmental damage. Available online 1 December 2017 We interrogate detailed historical records from the colony of Victoria spanning the period 1859 to 1891 to reconstruct the temporal and spatial distribution of sediment volumes released by mining activity.
    [Show full text]