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Germany E-Mail: Oea-1000 @ Wp.Gate.Bmu.De Internet: Printed By: Neusser Druckerei Und Verlag Gmbh, Neuss As Of: March 1998 Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety Federal Government Report under the Convention on Biological Diversity National Report on biological Diversity Federal Environment Ministry Imprint Published by: Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety P.O. Box 12 06 29 53048 Bonn Germany E-Mail: oea-1000 @ wp.gate.bmu.de Internet: http://www.bmu.de Printed by: Neusser Druckerei und Verlag GmbH, Neuss As of: March 1998 2 Contents Summary . 7 1. Introduction: The convention on biological diversity: a new way of looking at the conservation and use of biological diversity . 8 2. Background . 10 2.1 Legal and political framework in Germany for compiling the National Report and the national strategy . 10 2.1.1 Participation of political levels, social groups and institutions in the compilation of the National Report . 10 2.1.2 Responsibilities for implementing the national strategy . 11 2.1.3 Links with European activities . 12 2.2 Brief summary of Germany's geographical, ecological and economic situation, existing biological diversity and the institutional and legal framework . 13 2.2.1 Germany's geographical and ecological situation . 13 2.2.2 Germany's economic situation . 13 2.2.3 Existing status of biological diversity in Germany . 14 2.2.4 Institutional and legal framework and current programmes . 18 3. Objectives and Models in the approach to biological diversity . 21 3.1 Models for sustainable development . 21 3.2 Principles applied in environment and nature conservation policy . 21 3.3 Conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity . 22 3.4 Specific international goals and models . 26 3.5 Achieving objectives and implementing models . 28 4. Fields of action and overall strategic concept . 30 4.1 Fields of action on conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity . 30 4.1.1 General review of threats to biological diversity in Germany . 30 4.1.2 Fields of action for Germany in international relations . 34 4.2 Recommendations on strategy in the fields of action . 34 4.2.1 General approach . 34 4.2.2 Cross-sectoral strategic framework . 35 5. Activities and programmes . 37 5.1 Recording and assessing biological diversity . 37 5.2 Spatially relevant plans and procedures . 39 5.3 Protection and conservation of habitats . 43 3 5.3.1 Protection of sites and areas under German law . 43 5.3.2 Site protection by means of government assistance programmes, contractual agreements and other funding instruments . 47 5.3.3 Areas and measures in the European Union providing legally binding protection . 49 5.3.4 Measures under international conventions . 49 5.4 Protection and conservation of species . 53 5.4.1 In-situ conservation of species . 53 5.4.2 ”Ex-situ“ conservation of species . 57 5.4.3 Legally binding measures in the European Union . 58 5.4.4 Measures in line with international conventions . 58 5.5 Conservation of genetic variety and genetic resources . 59 5.6 Conservation of biological diversity through sustainable use . 65 5.6.1 Agriculture . 65 5.6.2 Forestry . 66 5.6.3 Hunting . 70 5.6.4 Fisheries . 71 5.6.5 Water management / Flood control . 72 5.6.6 Soil protection and use . 73 5.6.7 Transport . 74 5.6.8 Urban and settlement development . 74 5.6.9 Military use . 75 5.6.10 Leisure activities and tourism . 76 5.6.11 Biotechnology / Genetic Engineering . 77 5.6.12 Model projects and exemplary cooperation for the sustainable use of biological diversity . 77 5.7. Protecting against chemical pollution and other environmental burdens . 81 5.7.1 Chemical pollution . 81 5.7.2 Other environmental burdens . 82 5.8 Education and research . 83 5.8.1 Environmental education . 83 5.8.2 Research . 86 5.9 Measures to implement the Convention on Biological Diversity through international cooperation . 90 5.9.1 Development cooperation . 90 5.9.1.1 Bilateral cooperation . 90 5.9.1.2 Multilateral cooperation . ..
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