Environment and Local Substrate Availability Effects on Harem Formation in a Polygynous Bark Beetle
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Phylogeny of Ensifera (Hexapoda: Orthoptera) Using Three Ribosomal Loci, with Implications for the Evolution of Acoustic Communication
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38 (2006) 510–530 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeny of Ensifera (Hexapoda: Orthoptera) using three ribosomal loci, with implications for the evolution of acoustic communication M.C. Jost a,*, K.L. Shaw b a Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, USA b Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA Received 9 May 2005; revised 27 September 2005; accepted 4 October 2005 Available online 16 November 2005 Abstract Representatives of the Orthopteran suborder Ensifera (crickets, katydids, and related insects) are well known for acoustic signals pro- duced in the contexts of courtship and mate recognition. We present a phylogenetic estimate of Ensifera for a sample of 51 taxonomically diverse exemplars, using sequences from 18S, 28S, and 16S rRNA. The results support a monophyletic Ensifera, monophyly of most ensiferan families, and the superfamily Gryllacridoidea which would include Stenopelmatidae, Anostostomatidae, Gryllacrididae, and Lezina. Schizodactylidae was recovered as the sister lineage to Grylloidea, and both Rhaphidophoridae and Tettigoniidae were found to be more closely related to Grylloidea than has been suggested by prior studies. The ambidextrously stridulating haglid Cyphoderris was found to be basal (or sister) to a clade that contains both Grylloidea and Tettigoniidae. Tree comparison tests with the concatenated molecular data found our phylogeny to be significantly better at explaining our data than three recent phylogenetic hypotheses based on morphological characters. A high degree of conflict exists between the molecular and morphological data, possibly indicating that much homoplasy is present in Ensifera, particularly in acoustic structures. In contrast to prior evolutionary hypotheses based on most parsi- monious ancestral state reconstructions, we propose that tegminal stridulation and tibial tympana are ancestral to Ensifera and were lost multiple times, especially within the Gryllidae. -
EPPO Reporting Service
ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND ET MEDITERRANEENNE MEDITERRANEAN POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service NO. 4 PARIS, 2018-04 General 2018/068 New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List 2018/069 Quarantine lists of Kazakhstan (2017) 2018/070 EPPO report on notifications of non-compliance 2018/071 EPPO communication kits: templates for pest-specific posters and leaflets 2018/072 Useful publications on Spodoptera frugiperda Pests 2018/073 First report of Tuta absoluta in Tajikistan 2018/074 First report of Tuta absoluta in Lesotho 2018/075 First reports of Grapholita packardi and G. prunivora in Mexico 2018/076 First report of Scaphoideus titanus in Ukraine 2018/077 First report of Epitrix hirtipennis in France 2018/078 First report of Lema bilineata in Italy 2018/079 Eradication of Anoplophora glabripennis in Brünisried, Switzerland 2018/080 Update on the situation of Anoplophora glabripennis in Austria Diseases 2018/081 First report of Ceratocystis platani in Turkey 2018/082 Huanglongbing and citrus canker are absent from Egypt 2018/083 Xylella fastidiosa eradicated from Switzerland 2018/084 Update on the situation of Ralstonia solanacearum on roses in Switzerland 2018/085 First report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma fragariae’ in Slovenia Invasive plants 2018/086 Ambrosia artemisiifolia control in agricultural areas in North-west Italy 2018/087 Optimising physiochemical control of invasive Japanese knotweed 2018/088 Update on LIFE project IAP-RISK 2018/089 Conference: Management and sharing of invasive alien species data to support knowledge-based decision making at regional level (2018-09-26/28, Bucharest, Romania) 21 Bld Richard Lenoir Tel: 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail: [email protected] 75011 Paris Fax: 33 1 70 76 65 47 Web: www.eppo.int EPPO Reporting Service 2018 no. -
Data Sheet on Ips Calligraphus
EPPO quarantine pest Prepared by CABI and EPPO for the EU under Contract 90/399003 Data Sheets on Quarantine Pests Ips calligraphus IDENTITY Name: Ips calligraphus (Germar) Synonyms: Bostrichus calligraphus Germar Ips ponderosae Swaine Ips interstitialis (Eichhoff) Taxonomic position: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scolytidae Common names: Coarse writing engraver, six-spined ips, six-spined engraver beetle (English) Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature: Lanier et al. (1991) have recently recognized 4 taxa within the Calligraphus species group on the basis of breeding experiments, karyology, morphology, ecology and distribution. Subsp. calligraphus occurs in the eastern USA and adjacent parts of Canada; subsp. ponderosae occurs in the range of Pinus ponderosa in the Black Hills, eastern Rocky Mountains and in the northern Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico; subsp. interstitialis occurs in the Caribbean Archipelago. Ips apache Lanier et al. has been separated as a distinct species and occurs at lower altitudes from southeastern Arizona (USA) through Mexico. Populations south of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec on the east coast of Central America are provisionally considered to be I. apache. Bayer computer code: IPSXCA EPPO A1 list: No. 270 EU Annex designation: II/A1 HOSTS In southeastern USA, subsp. calligraphus occurs mainly on the southern pines P. elliottii and P. taeda, and also on P. echinata; in the west, subsp. ponderosae occurs on P. ponderosa, P. attenuata and P. flexilis. In the Caribbean, subsp. interstitialis attacks Pinus caribaea, P. cubensis, P. kesiya, P. maestrensis, P. massoniana, P. merkusii, P. occidentalis, P. oocarpa, P. patula, P. tropicalis. In the Philippines, subsp. interstitialis occurs on P. kesiya. See also Furniss & Carolin (1977) and Wood (1982). -
Ips Bark Beetles and Determining Related Tree Mortality in Arkansas and Texas Chandler Stefan Barton University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2015 Monitoring Abundance of Ips Bark Beetles and Determining Related Tree Mortality in Arkansas and Texas Chandler Stefan Barton University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Entomology Commons, and the Forest Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Barton, Chandler Stefan, "Monitoring Abundance of Ips Bark Beetles and Determining Related Tree Mortality in Arkansas and Texas" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 21. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/21 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Monitoring Abundance of Ips Bark Beetles and Determining Related Tree Mortality in Arkansas and Texas Monitoring Abundance of Ips Bark Beetles and Determining Related Tree Mortality in Arkansas and Texas A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology by Chandler Stefan Barton Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Bachelor of Science in Forest Resource Management, 2011 May 2015 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council ____________________________________ Dr. Fred M. Stephen Thesis Director ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Dr. Timothy J. Kring Dr. James M. Guldin Committee Member Committee Member ABSTRACT The abundance of the southern pine engraver beetles, Ips avulsus (Eichhoff), I. grandicollis (Eichhoff), and I. calligraphus (Germar), was monitored with pheromone-baited traps in 2012 and 2013 in Arkansas and eastern Texas. -
Screening Aid Ips Typographus (Linnaeus)
European Spruce Bark Beetle Screening Aid Ips typographus (Linnaeus) Joseph Benzel 1) Identification Technology Program (ITP) / Colorado State University, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology (S&T), 2301 Research Boulevard, Suite 108, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526 U.S.A. (Email: [email protected]) This CAPS (Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey) screening aid produced for and distributed by: Version 6 USDA-APHIS-PPQ National Identification Services (NIS) 30 June 2015 This and other identification resources are available at: http://caps.ceris.purdue.edu/taxonomic_services The European Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips typographus (Linnaeus) (Fig. 1), is a widely distributed pest in Europe. This species’ primary hosts are spruce trees (Picea) but it is known to be able to infest a number of other conifers including Pinus (pine), Larix (larch), Abies (fir),Juniperus (juniper), and Pseudotsuga (Douglas fir). Larvae feed in the cambium of tree branches and in the trunk, damaging the tree by girdling it and spreading blue stain fungus (Figs. 2-4). Ips typographus is considered the most economically destructive bark beetle in Europe. This species is often associated with Pityogenes chalcographus and the two will often emerge simultaneously and attack the same individual trees. Fig. 1: Ips typographus on tree (photo by William S. Ciesla). Ips typographus is a member of the Curculionidae (subfamily Scolytinae) which is comprised of weevils and bark beetles. Members of this family are highly variable but almost all species share a distinct club on the end of their antennae consisting of three antennomers. The Scolytinae, to which Ips belongs, consists of the bark beetles. In general, members of Scolytinae are small (<10mm long) pill shaped beetles of a reddish brown, black or tan color. -
Proceedings from the Third Workshop on Genetics of Bark Beetles and Associated Microorganisms
Reconstructing the Phylogeny of Scolytinae and Close Allies: Major Obstacles and Prospects for a Solution Bjarte H. Jordal 1 Abstract—To enable the resolution of deep phylogenetic divergence in Scolytinae and closely related weevils, several new molecular markers were screened for their phylogenetic potential. The nuclear protein encoding genes, CAD and Arginine Kinase, were particularly promising and will be added to future phylogenetic studies in combination with 28S, COI, and Elongation Factor 1α. The combined analysis of multiple molecular markers and wide taxon sampling is expected to resolve many previously unresolved nodes in scolytine phylogeny, but a completely resolved topology seems dependent on the inclusion of a large number of morphological characters. A well founded phylogeny will provide a powerful framework for testing evolutionary hypotheses on habitat selection and reproductive biology. Introduction Bark and timber beetles in the weevil subfamily Scolytinae (Kuschel and others 2000) comprise nearly 6,000 species worldwide and constitute a signif- icant factor in forest ecosystems. These insects receive increased attention, not only from forest entomologists concerned with forest health, but from evolu- tionary biologists fascinated by an unprecedented wide range of different biological and ecological features. Host plants and diets include most woody substrates imaginable, from living to dead trees and shrubs, dry to soggy substrates, large logs to herbs and tiny seeds, to the cultivation of asexual “ambrosia” fungi as food for adults and larvae. Their reproductive biology varies even more, including various forms of monogyny, harem polygamy, inbreeding by regular sibling mating, and parthenogenesis. As a key to understanding how these features may have influenced diver- sification in Scolytinae, the generation of a baseline phylogenetic hypothesis is of paramount importance. -
EPPO Reporting Service
ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND ET MEDITERRANEENNE MEDITERRANEAN POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service NO. 8 PARIS, 2017-08 General 2017/145 New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List 2017/146 Quarantine list of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) 2017/147 EPPO communication kits: new templates for pest-specific posters and leaflets Pests 2017/148 Rhynchophorus ferrugineus does not occur in Australia 2017/149 Platynota stultana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): added again to the EPPO Alert List Diseases 2017/150 First report of Puccinia hemerocallidis in Portugal 2017/151 First report of Pantoea stewartii in Malaysia 2017/152 Citrus leprosis disease is associated with several viruses 2017/153 Brevipalpus phoenicis, vector of citrus leprosis, is a species complex Invasive plants 2017/154 The suppressive potential of some grass species on the growth and development of Ambrosia artemisiifolia 2017/155 Bidens subalternans in the EPPO region: addition to the EPPO Alert List 2017/156 Abiotic constraints and biotic resistance control the establishment success of Humulus scandens 21 Bld Richard Lenoir Tel: 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail: [email protected] 75011 Paris Fax: 33 1 70 76 65 47 Web: www.eppo.int EPPO Reporting Service 2017 no. 8 - General 2017/145 New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List By searching through the literature, the EPPO Secretariat has extracted the following new data concerning quarantine pests and pests included (or formerly included) on the EPPO Alert List, and indicated in bold the situation of the pest concerned using the terms of ISPM no. -
Six-Toothed Spruce Bark Beetle Screening Aid Pityogenes Chalcographus (Linnaeus)
Six-toothed Spruce Bark Beetle Screening Aid Pityogenes chalcographus (Linnaeus) Joseph Benzel 1) Identification Technology Program (ITP) / Colorado State University, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology (S&T), 2301 Research Boulevard, Suite 108, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526 U.S.A. (Email: [email protected]) This CAPS (Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey) screening aid produced for and distributed by: Version 6 USDA-APHIS-PPQ National Identification Services (NIS) 30 June 2015 This and other identification resources are available at: http://caps.ceris.purdue.edu/taxonomic_services The six-toothed spruce bark beetle, Pityogenes chalcographus (Linnaeus) (Fig. 1) is a widely distributed pest in Europe. The host for this species is spruce (Picea), but it is known to be able to infest a number of other conifers including Pinus (pine), Larix (larch), Abies (fir), Juniperus (juniper), and Pseudotsuga (Douglas fir). Larvae feed in the cambium of tree branches and in the trunk, damaging the tree by girdling it and spreading blue stain fungus (Figs. 2-3). Pityogenes chalcographus is a member of the Curculionidae (subfamily Scolytinae) which is comprised of weevils and bark beetles. Members of this Fig 1: trapped Pityogenes family are highly variable but almost all species share a distinct antennal club chalcographus in the field (photo consisting of three segments. The subfamily Scolytinae, to which Pityogenes by Milan Zubrik, Forest Research belongs, consists of the bark beetles. In general, members of Scolytinae are Institute - Slovakia, Bugwood.org). small (<10mm long) pill shaped beetles of a reddish brown or black color. Some authors consider Scolytinae to be a distinct family (Scolytidae). The tribe Ipini is a large and closely allied group of genera within Scolytinae. -
Project Summary Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit
Project Summary Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit Project Title: Literature Study and Monitoring Strategies for Eight Insect Species of the Great Sand Dunes National Park Type of Project: Technical Assistance Discipline: Natural Resources Funding Agency: National Park Service Other Partners/Cooperators: University of Wyoming Effective Dates: 8/15/2006 – 12/31/2007 Funding Amount: $5,000 Investigators and Agency Representative: NPS Contact: Phyllis Pineda Bovin, 719-378-6363, 11500 Hwy. 150, Mosca, CO 81146, [email protected] Investigator: Dr. Alex Latchininsky, Renewable Resources/Entomology Department 3354, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University St., Laramie, WY 82071, 307-766-2298, [email protected] Project Abstract: Literature review will be conducted to accumulate information on the 8 insect species of interest from the GRSA. These species include: 1. The Great Sand Dunes Tiger Beetle, Cicindela theatina (Coleoptera, Cicindellidae) 2. Darkling or Circus Beetle, Eleodes hirtipennis (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) 3. Werner's Ant-like Flower Beetle, Amblyderus werneri (Coleoptera, Anthicidae) 4. Triplehorn's Ant-like Flower Beetle, Amblyderus triplehorni (Coleoptera, Anthicidae) 5. Hister Beetle, Hypocaccus sp. (Coleoptera, Histeridae) 6. Noctuid Moth, Copablepharon sp. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) [Copablepharon pictum has been described, see citation] 7. Robber Fly, Proctacanthus sp. (Diptera, Asilidae) 8. Giant Sand Treader Camel Cricket, Daihinibaenetes giganteus (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae) Based on this preliminary information there will be some attempts to sample during three to four short periods within the growing season in order to capture most of the targets. The exact dates and geographic (and microhabitat) locations for sampling efforts will be identified through literature research and consultations with specialists who have experience working at GRSA. -
Taxonomy and Diversity of New Zealand Cave Wētā (Orthoptera; Rhaphidophoridae)
Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Te Pūtaiao o Tokoriro: Taxonomy and diversity of New Zealand cave wētā (Orthoptera; Rhaphidophoridae) A thesis presented in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Zoology at Massey University, Manawatū New Zealand Josephine Fitness 2016 ii iii Abstract Species are the fundamental unit for ecology and evolution. Taxonomy, the naming of species, grabbles with the problem of accurately representing these fundamental units. In this research I targeted a group of understudied and undervalued insects that are common throughout New Zealand. This work focuses on Rhaphidophoridae, a family of Orthoptera found globally, but the diversity in New Zealand is poorly understood and poorly described. I have been the first to use high specimen numbers in order to establish within and between species differences of New Zealand cave wētā. I have established the importance of multiple taxonomic methods. At no stage was the aim to fully resolve all issues, but rather to identify morphological characters that are useful in distinguishing species, and integrating mtDNA sequence data to test species hypotheses. I focused first on cave wētā specimens that came from a biodiversity studied but had not been identified to genus or species. I was able to identify characters that could distinguish between the taxa present in this sample and developed a method that could be transferred to other locations. -
E TENSION Managing Slash to Minimize Colonization of Residual
ARIZONA COOPERATIVE E TENSION College of Agriculture and Life Sciences AZ1448 05/08 Managing Slash to Minimize Colonization of Residual Trees by Ips and Other Bark Beetle Species Following Thinning in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Introduction Due to high fire hazard and perceived reductions in forest health, thinning of small diameter trees has become a prevalent management activity particularly in dense stands. Creation of large amounts of logging slash, however, has created large quantities of habitat for bark beetles primarily in the Ips genus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae). Evidence indicates that prior to Euro-American settlement fire played a major role in maintaining ponderosa pine stands in a condition that was much more open in structure than today (Cooper 1960, Covington and Moore 1994, Kolb et al. 1994). In general, lower tree densities led to increased tree growth (Ronco and Edminster 1985) and trees that were more vigorous and presumably less susceptible to insect attack (Kolb et al. 1998, Fettig et al. 2007). Bark beetles are a large and diverse subfamily of insects commonly recognized as the most important biotic Bugwood.org Florida, of University Almquist, T. David mortality agent in western coniferous forests. Most bark Figure 1. Ips bark beetle. The number and shape of the spines on the beetles feed in the cambium and phloem and some species posterior portion of the hardened forewings (elytra) aid in identification. Adults are 3-6.5 mm (0.1-0.25 in.) in length. directly kill the host. These insects influence forest ecosystem structure and function by regulating certain aspects of primary ponderosa pine, but borrow knowledge gained from other production, nutrient cycling, ecological succession and the size, geographic locations. -
Significant Natural Heritage Resources
A Biological Inventory and Conservation Recommendations for the Great Sand Dunes and San Luis Lakes, Colorado Colorado Natural Heritage Program Colorado State University College of Natural Resources 254 General Services Building Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523 March 1999 i A Biological Inventory and Conservation Recommendations for the Great Sand Dunes and San Luis Lakes, Colorado MARCH 1999 PREPARED BY: PHYLLIS M. PINEDA RENÉE J. RONDEAU AND ANNE OCHS PREPARED FOR: THE NATURE CONSERVANCY, SAN LUIS VALLEY PROGRAM† SAGUACHE, COLORADO †P.O. Box 674, Saguache, Colorado 81149 ii Biological Inventory of the Great Sand Dunes and San Luis Lakes. Pineda et al. 1999 __________________________________________________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS USERS GUIDE/BACKGROUND INFORMATION .............................................................................. IV GLOSSARY................................................................................................................................................ IV ACKNOWLEDGMENTS............................................................................................................................V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................ 3 STUDY AREA .............................................................................................................................................