E TENSION Managing Slash to Minimize Colonization of Residual
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TREE NOTES CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT of FORESTRY and FIRE PROTECTION Arnold Schwarzenegger Andrea E
TREE NOTES CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND FIRE PROTECTION Arnold Schwarzenegger Andrea E. Tuttle Michael Chrisman Governor Director Secretary for Resources State of California The Resources Agency NUMBER: 28 JANUARY 2004 Ips Beetles in California Pines by Donald R. Owen Forest Pest Management Specialist, 6105 Airport Road, Redding, CA 96022 There are a number of bark beetle species that species, climate, and other factors, Ips may attack and kill pines in California. Foremost complete from one to many generations per among these are species of Dendroctonus and year. Under ideal conditions, a single Ips. Although species of Dendroctonus are generation may be completed in about 45 considered to be the most aggressive tree days. Ips killers, species of can be significant pests Ips under certain circumstances and/or on certain are shiny black to reddish brown, hosts. Nearly all of California’s native pines cylindrical beetles, ranging in size from about Ips 3 - 6.5 cm. A feature which readily areattackedbyoneormorespeciesof . Dendroctonus Some species of Ips also attack spruce, but are distinguishes them from beetles not considered to be significant pests in is the presence of spines on the posterior end California. of the wing covers. There may be between 3-6 pairs of spines, the size, number and While numerous bark beetles colonize pines, arrangement of which are unique for each only a handful are capable of killing live trees. The majority of bark beetles, including species of Ips, are secondary invaders that colonize recently dead, dying, or weakened trees. Those species of Ips that kill trees, do so opportunistically and typically only kill trees under stress. -
Analisi Della Competizione Interspecifica Fra Specie Native Ed Esotiche Di Coleotteri Scolitidi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae,Scolytinae)
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA Dip. Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali (TESAF) Dip. di Agronomia Animali Alimenti Risorse Naturali e Ambiente (DAFNAE) Tesi di laurea magistrale in Scienze Forestali e Ambientali; Analisi della competizione interspecifica fra specie native ed esotiche di coleotteri scolitidi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae,Scolytinae) Relatore: Prof. Massimo Faccoli Correlatore: Dott. Davide Rassati Laureanda: Eva Pioggiarella Matricola n. 1110979 ANNO ACCADEMICO 2016-2017 2 INDICE RIASSUNTO ....................................................................................................................................... 5 ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................... 6 1. INTRODUZIONE ............................................................................................................................ 7 1.1 Le specie invasive ...................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Gli insetti del legno .................................................................................................................... 8 1.2.1 Specie esotiche di insetti del legno .................................................................................... 10 1.3 Gli scolitidi xylomicetofagi o ambrosia beetles....................................................................... 11 1.4 Impatti delle specie invasive di scolitidi xilomicetofagi nell’ambiente -
Inventory and Review of Quantitative Models for Spread of Plant Pests for Use in Pest Risk Assessment for the EU Territory1
EFSA supporting publication 2015:EN-795 EXTERNAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT Inventory and review of quantitative models for spread of plant pests for use in pest risk assessment for the EU territory1 NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology 2 Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK ABSTRACT This report considers the prospects for increasing the use of quantitative models for plant pest spread and dispersal in EFSA Plant Health risk assessments. The agreed major aims were to provide an overview of current modelling approaches and their strengths and weaknesses for risk assessment, and to develop and test a system for risk assessors to select appropriate models for application. First, we conducted an extensive literature review, based on protocols developed for systematic reviews. The review located 468 models for plant pest spread and dispersal and these were entered into a searchable and secure Electronic Model Inventory database. A cluster analysis on how these models were formulated allowed us to identify eight distinct major modelling strategies that were differentiated by the types of pests they were used for and the ways in which they were parameterised and analysed. These strategies varied in their strengths and weaknesses, meaning that no single approach was the most useful for all elements of risk assessment. Therefore we developed a Decision Support Scheme (DSS) to guide model selection. The DSS identifies the most appropriate strategies by weighing up the goals of risk assessment and constraints imposed by lack of data or expertise. Searching and filtering the Electronic Model Inventory then allows the assessor to locate specific models within those strategies that can be applied. -
EPPO Reporting Service
ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND ET MEDITERRANEENNE MEDITERRANEAN POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service NO. 4 PARIS, 2018-04 General 2018/068 New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List 2018/069 Quarantine lists of Kazakhstan (2017) 2018/070 EPPO report on notifications of non-compliance 2018/071 EPPO communication kits: templates for pest-specific posters and leaflets 2018/072 Useful publications on Spodoptera frugiperda Pests 2018/073 First report of Tuta absoluta in Tajikistan 2018/074 First report of Tuta absoluta in Lesotho 2018/075 First reports of Grapholita packardi and G. prunivora in Mexico 2018/076 First report of Scaphoideus titanus in Ukraine 2018/077 First report of Epitrix hirtipennis in France 2018/078 First report of Lema bilineata in Italy 2018/079 Eradication of Anoplophora glabripennis in Brünisried, Switzerland 2018/080 Update on the situation of Anoplophora glabripennis in Austria Diseases 2018/081 First report of Ceratocystis platani in Turkey 2018/082 Huanglongbing and citrus canker are absent from Egypt 2018/083 Xylella fastidiosa eradicated from Switzerland 2018/084 Update on the situation of Ralstonia solanacearum on roses in Switzerland 2018/085 First report of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma fragariae’ in Slovenia Invasive plants 2018/086 Ambrosia artemisiifolia control in agricultural areas in North-west Italy 2018/087 Optimising physiochemical control of invasive Japanese knotweed 2018/088 Update on LIFE project IAP-RISK 2018/089 Conference: Management and sharing of invasive alien species data to support knowledge-based decision making at regional level (2018-09-26/28, Bucharest, Romania) 21 Bld Richard Lenoir Tel: 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail: [email protected] 75011 Paris Fax: 33 1 70 76 65 47 Web: www.eppo.int EPPO Reporting Service 2018 no. -
Data Sheet on Ips Calligraphus
EPPO quarantine pest Prepared by CABI and EPPO for the EU under Contract 90/399003 Data Sheets on Quarantine Pests Ips calligraphus IDENTITY Name: Ips calligraphus (Germar) Synonyms: Bostrichus calligraphus Germar Ips ponderosae Swaine Ips interstitialis (Eichhoff) Taxonomic position: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scolytidae Common names: Coarse writing engraver, six-spined ips, six-spined engraver beetle (English) Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature: Lanier et al. (1991) have recently recognized 4 taxa within the Calligraphus species group on the basis of breeding experiments, karyology, morphology, ecology and distribution. Subsp. calligraphus occurs in the eastern USA and adjacent parts of Canada; subsp. ponderosae occurs in the range of Pinus ponderosa in the Black Hills, eastern Rocky Mountains and in the northern Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico; subsp. interstitialis occurs in the Caribbean Archipelago. Ips apache Lanier et al. has been separated as a distinct species and occurs at lower altitudes from southeastern Arizona (USA) through Mexico. Populations south of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec on the east coast of Central America are provisionally considered to be I. apache. Bayer computer code: IPSXCA EPPO A1 list: No. 270 EU Annex designation: II/A1 HOSTS In southeastern USA, subsp. calligraphus occurs mainly on the southern pines P. elliottii and P. taeda, and also on P. echinata; in the west, subsp. ponderosae occurs on P. ponderosa, P. attenuata and P. flexilis. In the Caribbean, subsp. interstitialis attacks Pinus caribaea, P. cubensis, P. kesiya, P. maestrensis, P. massoniana, P. merkusii, P. occidentalis, P. oocarpa, P. patula, P. tropicalis. In the Philippines, subsp. interstitialis occurs on P. kesiya. See also Furniss & Carolin (1977) and Wood (1982). -
Bark Beetles Integrated Pest Management for Home Gardeners and Landscape Professionals
BARK BEETLES Integrated Pest Management for Home Gardeners and Landscape Professionals Bark beetles, family Scolytidae, are California now has 20 invasive spe- common pests of conifers (such as cies of bark beetles, of which 10 spe- pines) and some attack broadleaf trees. cies have been discovered since 2002. Over 600 species occur in the United The biology of these new invaders is States and Canada with approximately poorly understood. For more informa- 200 in California alone. The most com- tion on these new species, including mon species infesting pines in urban illustrations to help you identify them, (actual size) landscapes and at the wildland-urban see the USDA Forest Service pamphlet, interface in California are the engraver Invasive Bark Beetles, in References. beetles, the red turpentine beetle, and the western pine beetle (See Table 1 Other common wood-boring pests in Figure 1. Adult western pine beetle. for scientific names). In high elevation landscape trees and shrubs include landscapes, such as the Tahoe Basin clearwing moths, roundheaded area or the San Bernardino Mountains, borers, and flatheaded borers. Cer- the Jeffrey pine beetle and mountain tain wood borers survive the milling Identifying Bark Beetles by their Damage pine beetle are also frequent pests process and may emerge from wood and Signs. The species of tree attacked of pines. Two recently invasive spe- in structures or furniture including and the location of damage on the tree cies, the Mediterranean pine engraver some roundheaded and flatheaded help in identifying the bark beetle spe- and the redhaired pine bark beetle, borers and woodwasps. Others colo- cies present (Table 1). -
Verbenone Inhibits Attraction of Ips Pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Pheromone-Baited Traps in Northern Arizona
Journal of Economic Entomology, 113(6), 2020, 3017–3020 doi: 10.1093/jee/toaa192 Advance Access Publication Date: 4 September 2020 Short Communication Short Communication Verbenone Inhibits Attraction of Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Pheromone-Baited Traps in Northern Arizona Monica L. Gaylord,1,4 Stephen R. McKelvey,2 Christopher J. Fettig,3 and Joel D. McMillin1 1Forest Health Protection, USDA Forest Service, 2500 S. Pine Knoll Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, 2Arizona State Forestry and Fire Management, 1110 W. Washington Street #100, Phoenix, AZ 85007 (Retired), 3Pacifc Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1731 Research Park Drive, Davis, CA 95618, and 4Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Subject Editor: Kamal Gandhi Received 27 May 2020; Editorial decision 29 July 2020 Abstract Recent outbreaks of engraver beetles, Ips spp. De Geer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Scolytinae), in ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum Engelm. (Pinales: Pinaceae), forests of northern Arizona have re- sulted in widespread tree mortality. Current treatment options, such as spraying individual P. ponderosa with insecticides or deep watering of P. ponderosa in urban and periurban settings, are limited in applicability and scale. Thinning stands to increase tree vigor is also recommended, but appropriate timing is crucial. Antiaggregation pheromones, widely used to protect high-value trees or areas against attacks by several spe- cies of Dendroctonus Erichson (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Scolytinae), would provide a feasible alternative with less environmental impacts than current treatments. We evaluated the effcacy of the antiaggregation pheromone verbenone (4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one) in reducing attraction of pine engraver, I. -
EPPO Reporting Service
ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND ET MEDITERRANEENNE MEDITERRANEAN POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service NO. 8 PARIS, 2017-08 General 2017/145 New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List 2017/146 Quarantine list of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) 2017/147 EPPO communication kits: new templates for pest-specific posters and leaflets Pests 2017/148 Rhynchophorus ferrugineus does not occur in Australia 2017/149 Platynota stultana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): added again to the EPPO Alert List Diseases 2017/150 First report of Puccinia hemerocallidis in Portugal 2017/151 First report of Pantoea stewartii in Malaysia 2017/152 Citrus leprosis disease is associated with several viruses 2017/153 Brevipalpus phoenicis, vector of citrus leprosis, is a species complex Invasive plants 2017/154 The suppressive potential of some grass species on the growth and development of Ambrosia artemisiifolia 2017/155 Bidens subalternans in the EPPO region: addition to the EPPO Alert List 2017/156 Abiotic constraints and biotic resistance control the establishment success of Humulus scandens 21 Bld Richard Lenoir Tel: 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail: [email protected] 75011 Paris Fax: 33 1 70 76 65 47 Web: www.eppo.int EPPO Reporting Service 2017 no. 8 - General 2017/145 New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List By searching through the literature, the EPPO Secretariat has extracted the following new data concerning quarantine pests and pests included (or formerly included) on the EPPO Alert List, and indicated in bold the situation of the pest concerned using the terms of ISPM no. -
Use of Semiochemicals of Secondary Bark Beetles to Disrupt Spruce Beetle Attraction and Survival in Alaska
United States Department of Use of Semiochemicals of Secondary Agriculture Forest Service Bark Beetles to Disrupt Spruce Beetle Pacific Northwest Research Station Attraction and Survival in Alaska Research Paper PNW-RP-541 April 2002 Richard A. Werner and Edward H. Holsten This publication reports research involving pesticides. It does not contain recommenda- tions for their use, nor does it imply that the uses discussed here have been registered. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate state and federal agencies or both, before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish or other wildlife—if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices for the disposal of surplus pesticides and pesticide containers. Authors Richard A. Werner was a research entomologist (retired), Pacific Northwest Research Station, 8080 NW Ridgewood Drive, Corvallis, OR 97330. Werner is currently a volun- teer at the Pacific Northwest Research Station conducting research for the Long Term Ecological Research Program in Alaska; and Edward H. Holsten is a research ento- mologist, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3301 C Street, Suite 200, Anchorage, AK 99503-3954. Abstract Werner, Richard A.; Holsten, Edward H. 2002. Use of semiochemicals of secondary bark beetles to disrupt spruce beetle attraction and survival in Alaska. Res. Pap. PNW-RP-541. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 11 p. Field experiments using baited multiple-funnel traps and baited felled trees were con- ducted to test the hypothesis that semiochemicals from secondary species of scolytids could be used to disrupt spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby)) attraction. -
Environment and Local Substrate Availability Effects on Harem Formation in a Polygynous Bark Beetle
insects Article Environment and Local Substrate Availability Effects on Harem Formation in a Polygynous Bark Beetle Melissa J. Griffin * and Matthew R. E. Symonds Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environment Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: melissa.griffi[email protected] Simple Summary: Harem polygyny is a mating system where a single male defends a group of females for the purpose of securing multiple mating. While this mating system is well-known in mammals it is uncommon in insect groups. The mating aggregations that occur in insect groups may be driven by environmental conditions or resources available for feeding and breeding. We aimed to determine how the local availability of breeding substrate affects the formation of harems in the five-spined bark beetle, Ips grandicollis. Aggregations are formed when a male bores under the bark of felled pine trees and makes a nuptial chamber. The male then releases an aggregation pheromone that attracts females for mating and other males to also exploit the resource. When the population density was higher the number of females associated with each male was greater. The population density was determined by environmental circumstances with higher density in a pine plantation that was being harvested than in a plantation that was still standing. The amount of substrate (logs per replicate pile) available to the bark beetles also influences the number of beetles attracted to a log and size of individual harems. The environment and local substrate availability did not affect how females distribute themselves around the male. -
CFI Ips Pini Klickitat County, South
Monitoring Distribution and Flight Periods of California Fivespined Ips in Washington State Glenn R. Kohler1 , Todd A. Murray2 & Elizabeth A. Willhite3 1 Washington Dept. of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA; 2 Washington State University Extension, Stevenson, WA; 3 USDA Forest Service, Sandy, OR Adult male Ips paraconfusus Photo: Steve Valley, Oregon Dept. Agriculture Introduction Results continued A . In 2010, an outbreak of California fivespined Ips (CFI), Ips paraconfusus Lanier, . Populations of CFI and I. pini do not appear to overlap in high numbers at the same along the Columbia River Gorge resulted in what appears to be the first 1 locations (Table 1). At trap locations along the border with Oregon (south Klickitat, recorded detection of this species in Washington . 2014 was the fifth year of Clark, and Skamania counties), CFI collections were significantly higher than I. pini. CFI outbreaks in the eastern Columbia River Gorge, causing numerous killed At locations farther north, CFI collections were significantly lower than I. pini. and top-killed ponderosa pines each year (Fig. 1). Areas affected include Skamania and Klickitat counties in Washington and Hood River and Wasco . At least 44 different species of bark and ambrosia beetles were collected during five counties in Oregon. In 2014, aerial surveys recorded approximately 1,300 acres years of survey, representing 24 genera. Other species of bark beetles that with an estimated 4,800 ponderosa pines killed in Washington and Oregon, the commonly attack ponderosa pine were collected in low numbers. They include Ips highest level detected to date (Fig 2). Outbreaks have been driven by emarginatus, Ips integer, Pseudips mexicanus, Orthotomicus latidens, Dendroctonus consecutive years of fires, storm damage, and drought conditions. -
Ips Perturbatus, to Semlochemcals Research Paper PNW-RP-465 in White Spruce Stands May 1993 of Interior Alaska
~ UnitedStates ~ Departmentof Agriculture Response of the Engraver Beetle, Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Ips Perturbatus, to Semlochemcals Research Paper PNW-RP-465 in White Spruce Stands May 1993 of Interior Alaska Richard A. Werner .° J "--. This publication reports research involving pesticides. It does not contain recom- mendations for their use, nor does it imply that the uses discussed here have been registered. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish or other wildlife, ~f they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesti- cides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices for the disposal of surplus pesticides and pesticide containers. Author RICHARD A. WERNER is supervisory research entomologist, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Institute of Northern Forestry, 308 Tanana Drive, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-5500. Abstract Werner, Richard A. 1993. Response of the engraver beetle, Ipsperturbatus, to semiochemicals in white spruce stands of interior Alaska. Res. Pap. PNW- RP-465. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agricuiture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 9 p. Field tests on the efficacy of various scolytid bark beetle pheromones to attract Ipsperturbatus (Eichhoff) were conducted from 1977 through 1992 in stands Of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in interior Alaska. Several pheromones attracted high numbers of L perturbatus and species of the predator Thanasimus to baited funnel traps. Test results also indicated that attacks by I. perturbatus may be deterred by certain semiochemicals. Keywords: Bark beetles, Ips perturbatus, semiochemicals, pheromones, aggregation pheromones, antiaggregation pheromones, insect management, white spruce, Picea glauca, Alaska (interior).