Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Government of Nepal National Reconstruction Authority
Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) 'Activities and Achievements'
July 2021 b Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction c
Government of Nepal National Reconstruction Authority Singhadurbar, Kathmandu Singhadurbar, Kathmandu Contact No.: 01-2400590
Foreword
A devastating earthquake which struck Nepal on 25 April 2015 and its aftershocks, caused a widespread damage to lives, livelihoods and infrastructure in 32 districts. Among them 14 highly affected districts were Sindhuli, Okhaldhunga, Dolakha, Ramechhap, Sindhupalchok, Kavrepalanchok, Bhaktapur, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Rasuwa, Nuwakot, Dhading, Gorkha and Makawanpur and 18 districts i.e. Sankhuwasabha, Bhojpur, Dhankuta, Khotang, Solukhumbu, Chitwan, Tanahun, Lamjung, Kaski, Parbat, Baglung, Myagdi, Syangja, Palpa, Gulmi, Arghakhanchi, Nawalparasi (Susta-Bardaghat West) and Nawalparasi (Susta-Bardaghat East) witnessed relatively less damage. Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) was formed with the objective of completing the projects to reconstruct the private houses, district level roads and road-bridges, and heritage monuments i.e. Gumba/ Bihar/Stupa with the concept of Build Back Better (BBB). I feel profoundly happy that Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) has published the souvenir entitled 'Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) Activities and Achievements' including the projects like Private Housing Reconstruction Program, Reconstruction of Earthquake Emergency Roads and Road-bridges and reconstruction of heritage monuments along with the achievements, and the experiences during the execution of the program. It is my sincere hope that through this souvenir, all the beneficiaries and concerned authorities have an opportunity to learn about the achievements of the projects in time. I wish all the luck for this document as it will help to strengthen the documentation of Nepal Reconstruction Authority’s activities and achievements furthermore.
Er. Sushil Gyewali CEO National Reconstruction Authority Singhadurbar, Kathmandu
"Commitment of Civil Servant: Transparency and Stoutness" d Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction e
Government of Nepal National Reconstruction Authority Singhadurbar, Kathmandu Singhadurbar, Kathmandu Contact No.: 01-2400590
Preface
I am very delighted that Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) has published this souvenir entitled 'Activities and Achievements' including the conducted programs and outputs and their implementation in conducting the reconstruction and retrofitting of private housing, re-building the district level roads and road-bridges and reconstruction of heritage monuments (mainly monasteries) in the past six years after the establishment of National Reconstruction Authority in the aftermath of devastating earthquake which struck Nepal on 25 April 2015 in 32 districts (14 highly affected districts and 18 relatively less affected districts). I believe that this document will cover the subjects like what were the work scoping of the unit in reconstruction, how adequate the resources were to meet the targets/goals/objectives of the project, what hurdles were encountered and what strategies were applied to counteract their negative effects and the way forwarded etc. And the Programs executed by Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) and the achievements are timely presented to all the concerned. I wish for the success of this Publication.
Er. Sushil Chandra Tiwari Secretary National Reconstruction Authority Singhadurbar, Kathmandu
"Commitment of Civil Servant: Transparency and Stoutness" f Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction g
Government of Nepal National Reconstruction Authority Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) Jwagal, Lalitpur
Foreword
There was widespread loss and damage to lives, livelihoods and infrastructure in central Nepal, mainly in hilly and mountain region due to the devastating earthquake of 25 April 2015 and its aftershocks. National Reconstruction Authority was established to undertake the challenge of reconstructing and reestablishing the Physical infrastructures damaged, and Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) was formed and Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project (EHRP) was formed under Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) in order to manage the grant for the reconstruction of the private housing. Furthermore, in order to reconstruct and reestablish the district level roads and road-bridges, and reconstruction of heritage monuments i.e. Gumba/Bihar/Stupa, Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP) and Earthquake Monastery Reconstruction Project (EMRP) were formed respectively. These organizational bodies have taken the responsibility of reconstructing and reestablishing the private housing, district level roads and road-bridges towards the completion as well as the reconstruction of monasteries is also progressive. The Reconstruction Projects under Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) are towards successful completion because of the perseverance and full dedication of the expert leadership of NRA, Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) and the 31 District Level Project Implementation Units (One office is for both districts of Nawalparasi). I express my sincere thanks to all the involved staffs and supporting hands who made it possible for this souvenir to be published which includes facts, progress report, context and the questions on the programs and implementations of the reconstruction projects under this unit. I wish all the luck with sincere hope that the information included in this publication is of immense value to readers, practitioners, academics, researchers and general public as well as future generation, offering potential for contributing to learning for and improvement of earthquake response and reconstruction.
Er. Ganesh Raj Osti Project Director Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) Jwagal, Lalitpur
01-5260257, Web site: www.clpiugmali.gov.np, Email: [email protected] h Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction i
Table of Contents
S.N. Topic Page no.
1 Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant management and Local Infrastructure) 1
1.1 Context 1
1.2 Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project (EHRP) 3 1.2.1 Background 3 1.2.2 Objectives, Major activities and Scope 3 1.2.3 Grant Distribution Process 4 1.2.4 Achievement 6 1.2.4.1 Status of annual distribution of tranches 6 1.2.4.2 Private Housing Reconstruction 7 1.2.5 Financial Management 9 1.2.6 Fiduciary Risk Management 10 1.2.7 Management Information System (MIS) 11 1.2.8 Environmental and Social Management Framework(ESMF) 14
1.3 Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project (EEAP) 17 1.3.1 Objective of the Project 17 1.3.2 Scope /Achievements 17
1.4 Earthquake Monastery Reconstruction Project(EMRP) 24 1.4.1 Objective 24 1.4.2 Damage Assessment Report 24 1.4.3 Achievement/ Progress 27
2 Learning, Experience and Way forward 29 2.1 Lessons Learnt and Experience Gained 29 2.2 Way Forward 32 2.3 Conclusions 33 j Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
3 Schedules 34 Schedule-1: Organizational structure of CLPIU GMaLI and central staffs details and details of Heads of DLPIUs GMaLI 34 Schedule-2: Details of Identified beneficiaries, Participation Agreement and tranches distribution 47 Schedule-3: Sources of budget and expenditure (till 4 July 2021) of CLPIU GMaLI (DLPIUs GMaLI included) 49 Schedule-4: Photographs reflecting Major Activities and Events 52 1
1. Central Level Project Implementation Unit (CLPIU1) Grant Management and Local Infrastructure (GMaLI2)
1.1 Context Nepal suffered huge loss due to the devastating earthquake of 7.6 Richter scale with its epicenter Barpak in Gorkha district on Saturday on 25th April 2015 followed by the major aftershock on 12th May 2015 with Richter scale 6.8 (source: Department of Mines and Geology, National Earthquake Monitoring and Research Center, Lainchaur). The devastation was severe in the 32 districts of central region which destructed the physical and social infrastructures including roads and road-bridges, private housing units, monasteries, temples, mosques, schools, hospitals and so on. (Source: PDNA3)
Damaged House after Earthquake
Prior to the establishment of National Reconstruction Authority (NRA), reconstruction after the devastation were undertaken by concerned ministries and departments with the coordinating role of National Planning Commission on Project basis. After the establishment of National Reconstruction Authority on 25 December 2015, all the responsibility regarding earthquake related reconstruction and rehabilitation projects were automatically transferred to NRA.
1 CLPIU : Central Level Project Implementation Unit 2 GMaLI : Grant Management and Local Infrastructure 3 PDNA: Post Disaster Need Assessment 2 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Date: 25 April, 2015 (7.6 Richter Scale) 12 May, 2015 (6.8 Richter Scale) According to PDNA Damaged Houses Injured Dead
490,000 22,493 8,702
Under the then Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development (MoFALD4) , Central Level Project Implementation Unit (CLPIU) was formed and designated with the task to rebuild private housing units and manage the necessary funds, reconstruction of district level roads and road- bridges as well as heritage monuments like Monastery/Bihar/Stupa.
Projects implemented under Central Level Project Implemention Unit
Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) (CLPIU, GMaLI)
Local Earthquake Infrastructure Housing Section Reconstruction Section Earthquake Monastery Reconstruction Section
Earthquake Housing Earthquake Earthquake Monestery Reconstruction Emergency Assistant Reconstruction Project Project (EHRP) Project (EEAP) (EMRP)
In relation to this, under CLPIU, following sub-projects were formed: 1. Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project (EHRP) 2. Earthquake Emergency Assistant Project (EEAP) 3. Earthquake Monasteries Reconstruction Project (EMRP)
Later on, during organizational restructuring, Central Level Project Implementation Unit (MoFALD) was renamed as Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) (refer schedule-1 for details) and the full administrative control was shifted to National Reconstruction Authority which was previously under the Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development (MoFALD). During the course, Earthquake Housing Reconstruction
4 MoFALD: Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development 3
Project (EHRP) was renamed as Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Section, Earthquake Emergency Assistant Project was renamed as Local Infrastructure Section and Earthquake Monasteries Reconstruction Project as Earthquake Monasteries Reconstruction Section.
Even after the names were changed as sections, Project-wise names are still popular so, they are used hereafter.
1.2 Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project (EHRP)
1.2.1 Background To disseminate the purpose of resettling the displaced persons and families by reconstructing and retrofitting their dwellings, Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Building) and Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) or then CLPIU (MoFALD) were jointly entitled the full responsibility under National Reconstruction Authority (NRA).
CLPIU GMaLI (EHRP) was responsible for identifying the beneficiaries, signing the Participation Agreement (PA) and payment of the tranches while CLPIU (Building) was responsible for technicality, observation and evaluation as well as recommendation for the payment of second and third tranches of housing reconstruction.
CLPIU GMaLI (EHRP) has been distributing the grants received from the government of Nepal with the concept of Build Back Better (BBB), ensuring the beneficiaries affected by earthquake have safe and earthquake resistant houses.
There is a provision of providing Three Hundred Thousands Rupees in three tranches for reconstruction and One Hundred Thousands Rupees in two tranches for retrofitting as grant from Nepal Government to the earthquake affected house owners.
1.2.2 Objective, Duties and Scope Objective: Reconstruction and Retrofitting of the housing units affected by Gorkha Earthquake and connecting this directly or indirectly with livelihood and occupation of the people.
Duties of CLPIU GMaLI (EHRP) Identify the beneficiaries Sign the Participation Agreement 4 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Payment of tranches through banking system Scheduling the receipts of the foreign assistance and assistance from donor agencies and refunding them Uploading and updating of tranches distribution to beneficiaries in website (MIS) Implementing the sub-projects that mitigate the environmental and social negative impacts in earthquake affected areas.
Scope: CLPIU GMaLI (EHRP) has been providing the grant amount for reconstructing and retrofitting from 31 offices in the following 32 districts:
(a) 14 Highly affected districts by earthquake: 1. Sindhuli 2. Okhaldhunga 3. Dolakha 4. Ramechhap 5. Sindhupalchok 6. Kavrepalanchok 7.Bhaktapur 8. Lalitpur 9. Kathmandu 10. Rasuwa 11. Nuwakot 12. Dhading 13. Gorkha 14. Makawanpur (b) Relatively less affected 18 districts: 1.Sankhuwasabha 2. Bhojpur 3. Dhankuta 4. Khotang 5. Solukhumbu 6. Chitwan 7. Tanahun 8.Lamjung 9. Kaski 10. Parbat 11.Baglung 12. Myagdi 13. Syangja 14. Palpa 15. Gulmi 16. Arghakhanchi 17. Nawalparasi (Susta-Bardaghat West) 18. Nawalparasi (Susta-Bardaghat East)
1.2.3 Grant Distribution Process After the establishment of National Reconstruction Authority, Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) collected the data of destructed houses from the earthquake and were graded during collection as 1-not affected at all, 2-very less affected, 3-less affected, 4-very affected and 5-highly affected. Grade 1 categories houses did not need any support, while grade 2 and 3 categories were deemed for retrofitting and grade 4 and 5 categories for reconstruction. Initially the signing of Participation Agreement was done between Municipalities/ Village Development Committees and the beneficiaries. After federal practice, it is done between the beneficiaries and Municipality/Rural Municipality representatives.
The grant amount for reconstruction was Two Hundred Thousands Rupees which later on was increased to Three Hundred Thousands Rupees.
From 13 March 2016, payment of first installment of Fifty Thousands Rupees for reconstruction and retrofitting to the beneficiaries kicked off. The payment of tranches was initially done 5 through office of then District Development Committee (DDC) and the reconstruction of district level roads and road-bridges was done by then District Level Project Implementation Unit (MoFALD) which was headed by then chief of District Technical Office. After the federalism came in to effect, Private Housing Grant Management, district level road and road-bridges reconstruction and Earthquake Monasteries reconstruction were unified under District Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant management and Local Infrastructure).
EHRP Districts Myagdi Baglung Kaski Lamjung Gorkha Rasuwa
Gulmi Parbat
Syanja Tanahu Nuwakot Sindhupalchowk Arghakhanchi Palpa Dhading Dolakha Ka. Sankhuwasava Nawalparasi Bh. Nawalparasi East Solukhumbu Chitwan Kavre West La. Manakwanpur Ramechhap Okhaldhunga Most affected district Sindhuli Khotang Bhojpur Less affected district Dhankuta
In the meantime, National Reconstruction Authority repeatedly declared the deadlines for signing Participation Agreement and payment of tranches to beneficiaries.
The first installment of the grant for reconstruction and retrofitting is immediately available to beneficiaries after signing the contract. Whereas the second tranche of One Hundred and Fifty Thousands Rupees for reconstruction is paid by DLPIU GMaLI after the verification of completion upto DPC5 by the engineer from District Level Project Implementation Unit (Building). Finally, the last tranche of reconstruction (One Hundred Thousands Rupees) is available through the same mechanism when the reconstruction work reaches the Eaves Level and verified by the same engineer. The second or last tranche (Fifty Thousands Rupees) for retrofitting is also paid only after the recommendation of the engineer as mentioned above.
Should I make What kind a drawing or Beneficiary of house to not? build?
What kind of 3 hundred mason should thousands I use? rupees to build a house?
Does it cost a lot to build an Where and how earthquake resistant to get technical house? assistance?
Curiosity of Beneficiary 5 DPC: Damp Proof Course 6 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
From the beginning of the survey, details including observation, evaluation of report, work- progress and payment details is input in the Management Information System (MIS) and is duly updated for each of the beneficiaries.
In case, the reconstruction work does not meet the specified criteria or is of low quality, the engineer from DLPIU (Building) pinpoints the areas for improvement to the house owners and the DLPIU GMaLI makes the payment of tranches only after the verification from the same engineer that the improved construction meets the standard criteria and quality.
1.2.4 Achievements 1.2.4.1 Annual distribution of Installments Based on the annual int egrated data, the number of beneficiaries signing Participation Agreement and receiving the grant payment is growing every year repeatedly after the National Reconstruction Authority published the deadlines for the same.
Following graph illustrates the annual tranches distribution to the beneficiaries (Reconstruction and Retrofitting):
F.Y.6
6 F.Y. : Fiscal Year 7
1.2.4.2 Private Housing Reconstruction The following graphs illustrate the grants distributed by CLPIU GMaLI till date (4 July 2021)
Graph 1: Reconstruction
Graph 2: Retrofitting
(a) As of 4 July 2021, total number of identified beneficiaries is 865,521 out of them 828,901 have signed the Participation Agreement and 827,930, 733,749 and 677,194 have already received their first, second and third (final) tranches respectively. 8 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Need not to prepare drawing Should construct if it is as per earthquake catalogue Technician resilient home/ house
3 hundred Use trained thousands rupees is skilled an aid for beneficiary. mason It is not to cover the cost of new home construction.
It does not cost much to make For technical help earthquake consult nearby resilient house. ward office. Advice of Technical Personnel
(b) For retrofitting, total identified beneficiaries are 47,676 out of which 35,798 have signed the Participation Agreement (PA) and 35,697 and 892 (district wise data on schedule-2) have received their first and second (last) tranches respectively. Till 4 July 2021, total sum of Two Hundred Twenty One Billions Seven Millions Seven Hundred Thousands (NRs 221,007,700,000) (Sources of fund in schedule-3) Rupees has been already paid, out of which Two Hundred Nineteen Billions One Hundred Seventy Eight Millions and Two Hundred Fifty Thousands (NRs. 219,178,250,000) Rupees has been paid for reconstruction and One Billion Eight Hundred Twenty Nine Millions Four Hundred Fifty Thousands (NRs. 1,829,450,000) Rupees for retrofitting.
House mad up of stone-mud mortar massonry fulfilling all norms.
Technical persons supervising/ monitoring private house reconstructin
(c) Under Environmental and Social Protection, 257 projects in highly affected 11 districts (except districts of Kathmandu Valley) and 56 projects in 11 out of 18 relatively less affected districts have already been completed. (d) As of 4 July 2021, out of total 864,699 (including both reconstruction and retrofitting) 9
beneficiaries, 825,544 PA 7 have been digitized. (e) From the beneficiaries who have received double payments or willingly do not want to reconstruct their houses, the sum of Nepali Rupees One Hundred Seventeen Millions and Nine Hundred Thousands (NRs. 1,17,900,000) has been retrieved back till now. (f) The sum of Nepali Rupees One Hundred Fifteen Millions (NRs. 115,000,000) has been retrieved along with interest from the Dummy Account in the bank as of 4 July 2021. (g) DLPIU GMaLI vs DTCO8 and DTCO vs9 PSP10 have been continuously uploading/ upgrading the data. (h) 16 number of Ward office buildings reconstruction have been completed. (i) 5500 personnel have been trained for Carpentry and Masson. (j) Total sum of Nepali Rupees Two Hundred Twenty Two Millions Two Hundred Thousands (NRs. 2,22,200,000) has been paid to 1111 land-less beneficiaries (Two Hundred Thousands Rupees to each) for the purchase of land. (k) Additional Nepali Rupees 50,000 has been provided as Topping to each of 4000 vulnerable beneficiaries whose head of the family is either differently abled, handicapped, minor, old etc. (l) Millions work-force of livelihoods have been created.
1.2.5 Financial Management Government of Nepal, in order to mitigate the immediate and long-term destruction caused by Earthquake, has received financial support from World Bank, Japan International Cooperation Fund, Indian Government Assistant Fund, Saudi Development Fund, China Government Cooperation Agency, International Monetary Fund, European Union, Asian Development Bank, EXIM Bank of India etc. On 18th June 2015, World Bank approved the Loan equivalent to 200 millions US dollars through IDA-Credit No-5706 Original Financing for Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project (EHRP) which included the reconstruction of 55000 private houses in Dolakha, Nuwakot and Dhading districts. Additionally, 300 millions US dollars loan was approved on 21 January 2018 as a long term aid to reconstruct 96000 private houses in eight highly affected districts (Okhaldhunga, Sindhuli, Ramechhap, Sindhupalchok, Kavrepalanchok, Rasuwa, Makawanpur and Gorkha) by World Bank-International Development Association (IDA) through IDA11-Credit-No-6164-First Additional Financing to EHRP. In Continuation to the project, the Second Additional Financing (Loan-6530), sum of 200 millions US dollars has been approved on 6 February 2019 and is in the final stage of execution. Hence, the Project is due to completion on 15 July 2021.
7 PA : Participation Agreement 8 DTCO : District Treasury Comptroller Office 9 vs : Versus 10 PSP : Payment Service Provider (Banks and Financial Institutes) 11 IDA : International Development Associations 10 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
In 22 September 2017, 10 millions US dollar grant was approved by World Bank MDTF12 -4783, to reconstruct 3200 units of private housing in highly affected districts Dhading and Nuwakot. Three Hundred Twenty Four Thousands and Seven Hundred Sixty (324760) private housing units are under construction with support from World Bank (Grant also included).
Reconstruction of Private housing is in the final stage of completion in Gorkha and Nuwakot districts with the support from India, Gorkha and Sindhupalchok with the support from Japan, Bhojpur, Khotang, Solukhumbu, Dolakha, Chitwan, Lamjung, Tanahun, Kaski, Parbat, Syangja and Palpa districts with support from Saudi Development Fund. 50000 private housing units from Indian support, 34634 private housing units from Japanese support and 6667 private housing units from Saudi fund are included in the reconstruction.
Chinese government has been funding the reconstruction of private housing in Okhaldhunga and Sindhuli districts. European Union has been funding in Sindhuli, Okhaldhunga, Ramechhap, Sindhupalchok and Rasuwa districts and IMF 13 in Ramechhap.
According to Post Disaster Recovery Framework, for the five-year Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Projects of post-earthquake, 630 billions Rupees was estimated. Donor agencies pledged 410 billions Rupees in the Donor conference of which the pledges for reconstruction of private housing and the expenditures are briefly stated in schedule-3.
1.2.6 Fiduciary Risk Management (a) Payment of Unattended Amount (BERUJU): National Reconstruction Authority granted permission to Non-governmental organizations to reconstruct the 23,182 private housing units after signing Participation Agreement. Some of the beneficiaries were found to have received the multiple grant tranches from both NGOs and Nepal Government (i.e. also from the District Level Project Offices). Misused sum of Nepali Rupees Ninety Five Millions and One Hundred Fifty Thousands (NRs. 95,150,000) has been re-deposited in the revenue account of Nepal Government and this process is still on. The sum of Nepali Rupees Twenty Two Millions and Seven Hundred Fifty Thousands (NRs. 22750000) has been deposited to the government revenue account from the beneficiaries who willingly returned the payment as they did not want to reconstruct their houses. This is duly updated in the EHRP-MIS system. (b) Cross-verification of Participation Agreement details with bank accounts: As per the instruction from National Reconstruction Authority to Financial Comptroller General Office (FCGO), payment to the beneficiaries is being conducted only after verifying the Participation Agreement Number with the bank accounts of the same. (c) Reconciliation of Payment Data: As per the agreement between National Reconstruction Authority and World Bank, reconciliation of payment data of different tranches from DLPIU
12 MDTF : Multi Donor's Trust Fund 13 IMF : International Monetary Fund 11
GMaLI and DTCO (TSA14), DTCO (TSA) and PSP (Banks) is in progress. 98 percent of DLPIU GMaLI and DTCO (TSA) and 86 percent of DTCO (TSA) and PSP (Bank) data has already been uploaded and it further continues for the better integration and unanimity. (d) Retrieving the first installment held for a long time in Dummy Account: All the respective DLIPUs have already been instructed on retrieving amount in Dummy Accounts, because the beneficiary did not update the Bank Account KYC15 where the first installment is deposited after the Participation Agreement. Till 4 July 2021, Nepali Rupees One Hundred Fifteen Millions (NRs. 115,000,000) has been returned to Nepal Government's account which has been uploaded in EHRP MIS system and the process still continues.
1.2.7 Management Information System (MIS) Management Information System (MIS) is a set of systems and procedures that gather data from a range of sources, compile and present it in a readable format. Managers use an MIS to create reports that provide them with a comprehensive overview of all the information they need to make decisions ranging from daily minutiae (details) to top-level strategy. Today's Management Information Systems rely largely on technology to compile and present data. To manage information effectively, the modern firm must adopt and use information systems and technology based resources. Selecting, designing, and managing these resources are no longer exclusively the job of the technology professional but are now the shared responsibility of all modern and functional managers.
Because of high earthquake and its consequent aftershocks, many physical structures like private houses, schools, heritage, governments buildings were fully and partially damaged. For the first time in Nepal, GoN has implemented digital data collection tool i.e. tablet for data collection from field level.
Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) has mobilized field engineers and social mobilizers for identification of earthquake victims via household survey. In highly affected 14 districts (except 3 districts of Kathmandu Valley), census model was applied where as in less affected 17 districts +3 districts of Kathmandu Valley, verification model was adopted. Engineers were provided with tablet aided from household applications and two SIM cards for internet connectivity. Whenever internet connectivity was stable, engineers synchronized data with CBS data server. The CBS team members then cleaned and verified those collected data from the field. After verification of the list (damage assessment of household), CBS forwarded the list to Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure (CLPIU-GMaLI)) and CLPIU- GMaLI checked and forwarded to National Reconstruction Authority (NRA) executive committee for final approval.
The total number of household survey conducted in 32 districts is 1,052,930. A team of engineers
14 TSA : Single Treasury Account 15 KYC : Know Your Customer 12 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction used MIS system to identify damage grade of household survey. Engineers used house photo and damage matrix to identify damage grade. The total damage grade of household is as shown below:
Grade 1 10% Grade 5 Grade 2 33% 14%
Grade 3 19% Grade 4 24%
Figure 1: Damage Grade Assessment of Surveyed Households
The MIS has been hosted centrally at Government Information and Data Centre (GIDC16) where core technical aspects such as database backup, system hosting, functionality enhancements, etc., have been managed. MIS users are given a secure login id/password to access the online EHRP system. The CLPIU GMaLI and CL-PIU Building and District Level Project Implementation Units (DL-PIUs) allocate dedicated full time operational staffs that have been trained on Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Program (EHRP) MIS system. The CL- PIU GMaLI operational staffs are responsible for accessing the online EHRP MIS system and perform various transactions as per the EHRP business needs such as verifying household data, generating enrolment (digitization), grievance handling and generating various kinds of MIS reports for data analysis and reporting. Through the EHRP MIS system, donor's requirement (compliance report) can be easily accessed which helps in financial settlement as per agreement between GoN and donors.
The primary objective of GMaLI is to distribute payment grant to the identified beneficiaries. Out of 913,197 identified beneficiaries, 94.69 % are being enrolled into the program. Likewise, 94.57% have received the first tranche payment, 80.45% have received second tranche payment and 74.16% have received third tranche payment. The current progress status of tranches payment (grant distribution) is shown as below
16 GIDC : Government Integrated Data Center 13
Figure 2: Tranche Payment Status of GMaLI as of 4 July 2021.
At present, GMaLI team is verifying Participation Agreement (PA) compliance and compliance verification status is shown as below:
Figure 3: PA Compliance Verification Status
Earthquake beneficiary can access MIS to get information about his/her tranche payment details. The beneficiary has to enter his valid PA Number. For example:
PA No 30-21-2-0-12 Search
Figure 4: Getting tranche payment information
Once the beneficiary entered valid PA Number, then the system displays his/her PA Number, Name, Address along with tranche payment details as shown in the figure below: 14 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Basic Information of PA: 30-21-2-0-12
Beneficiary Name Santa Bahadur Ghale Address Dhading, Netrawati Rural Municipality 2
Beneficiary Name (Enrolled) Santa Bahadur Ghale Agreement Date 2073-02-10
First Tranche Amount 50000 Issued Date 2073-03-16
Second Tranche Amount 150000 Issued Date 2074-03-11
Third Tranche Amount 100000 Issued Date 2074-09-20 Figure 5: Details of the tranche payment information
The settlements of earthquake beneficiaries are highly scattered and flow of information regarding deposit of grant into their bank accounts (Personal) is not timely circulated to them. Many of beneficiaries after agreement with local level or house inspected by field engineer directly visit to bank for withdrawal of money before bank deposited the grant amount into beneficiary personal account. There are few beneficiaries who have not visited the corresponding bank and activated their bank account yet for long time. So, to maintain integrity and transparency, GMaLI has recently launched SMS system to notify the beneficiary about his/her tranche payment. The SMS is sent into beneficiary mobile number once his/her tranche payment is deposited into his/her personal account number.
1.2.8 Environmental and Social Management Framework(ESMF) Strengthening the concerned bodies and stakeholders for Disaster management is also one of the main objectives of Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project. Government of Nepal in collaboration with World Bank, which has assisted for the reconstruction of 3,24,760 private houses, jointly prepared and executed the Environmental and Social Management Framework(ESMF) in order to mitigate the negative impact on environmental and social aspects during the reconstruction.
This Environmental and Social Management Framework has integrated and incorporated both the existing laws and by laws in Nepal and World Bank safeguard Policy so as to mitigate the side effects on Social and Environmental aspects and strengthen the positive impacts while executing the reconstruction projects. It also directs the implementation of those projects.
At first, Environmental and Social Management Plan-ESMP is prepared and verified after detailed discussion in local level as an integral part of ESMF for the particular project location, after that, Project estimation cost and program structure needs to be verified by DLPIU and CLPIU (GMaLI). In case of special Environmental and Social problems, there is a provision of separate location wise Environmental and Social Management Plan to be prepared and implemented. 15
Some probable Environmental and Social conditions and difficulties:
S.N. Conditions and Difficulties 1. Cutting of trees from community forest and increasing deforestation for the supply of necessary woods 2. Effects on the location from stones, sand, concrete and slates excavation 3. Disposal of non-reusable debris from destructed houses 4. Professional Health and safety measures 5. Selection of workers and use of child workers 6. Marginalized groups (i.e. tribes, women, dalit, helpless, handicapped and old aged people) 7. Safe management of temporary shelters in use 8. Provision of water required for reconstruction 9. Prevent and control landslides in slope areas 10. Re settlement and relocation to new dwellings (voluntary restoration)
Stages of Environmental and Social Protection Program Projects implementation in Municipalities and Rural Municipalities is in accordance to Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) which has following two stages:
(a) The format of ESMP prepared on Project level is first of all discussed in local level followed by field visit, review and verification as required. Special environmental and social difficulties (excluded in ESMP) are addressed by preparing separate Environmental and Social Management Plan. Such difficulties include lack of water for reconstruction, safety challenges due to temporary shelters in use, landslides and resettlement. One of the major stages of this project is the authentication from respective District Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) after complete discussion in the local level (Village /Town). (b) Monitoring and evaluation is performed to find out to what extent the special issues are addressed for the projects which have already in implementation stage in Municipality/ Rural Municipality after including issues, problems and their solutions. The stages are of utmost importance according to Environmental and Social Management in order to address the Environmental and Social issues. Apart from this, to ensure the environmental and social sustainability, other measures are also considered during various stages in the project cycle. 16 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Organizational Management and Responsibility National Reconstruction Authority conducts the necessary consultation prior to and during policy making and planning of the project. Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) and Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Building) implement the project. Environmental and Social development experts in Central Level Project Implementation Unit give directives to District Level Project Implementation Units on selection, implementation of environmental and social programs and continuously conduct monitoring and observation to ensure the ways of mitigating the risk are followed properly.
Safeguard Specialists in each DLPIU GMaLI are responsible for the verification and implementation of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP). Furthermore, in order to assist the reconstruction of private housing and assist in environmental and social aspects in highly affected 14 districts, social and technical mobile team is mobilized.
The monitoring of environmental and social activities is conducted by local level (Municipality/ Rural Municipality) and District Coordination Committee (DCC) in coordination with DLPIU GMaLI.
Project Management Unit (PMU) and CLPIU GMaLI along with DLPIUs monitor the implementation of all the provisions of Environmental rules and regulations, Environmental Social Protection Plan, and Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF). A third party neutral body is formed by PMU which evaluates the environmental protection compliance firstly after six months and once a year there after.
Progress and Achievements 257 projects related to ESMP have been successfully completed by CLPIU GMaLI in highly affected 14 districts: Sindhuli, Okhaldhunga, Dolakha, Ramechhap, Sindhupalchok, Kavrepalanchok, Bhaktapur, Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Rasuwa, Nuwakot, Dhading, Gorkha and Makawanpur (later on districts of Kathmandu Valley excluded) in the first phase (Fiscal Year 2019/20). 56 projects related to ESMP have been implemented in other 11 earthquake affected districts: Bhojpur, Khotang, Solukhumbu, Chitwan, Tanahun, Lamjung, Kaski, Parbat, Syangja, Palpa and Gulmi. All together 313 projects have been completed benefitting 31,992 households and the total cost amounting to Nepali Rupees One Hundred Thirty Five Millions and Nine Hundred Twenty Nine Thousands (NRs. 135,929,000).
The projects conducted to mitigate the environmental and social side effects specially protect/ preserve the environmental and social aspects of the affected areas during the reconstruction of private housing units and also tree plantation was conducted in nearby community forests in return to the trees destroyed for/during reconstruction. In addition to this, landslide preventive programs have been launched in the mines and areas from where stones and sand were excavated. All in all, progress on Environmental and Social Management activities conducted in 25 (later on 22) districts so far has been very encouraging. 17
1.3 Earthquake Emergency Assistant Project (EEAP) Road network in 32 districts was damaged by Gorkha Earthquake and its aftershocks, which affected the reconstruction activities very heavily. In light of this, Earthquake Emergency Assistant Project (EEAP) was implemented.
1.3.1. Objective of the Project To reconstruct and upgrade the district level roads and road-bridges with the concept of Build Back Better (BBB) and support directly or indirectly in the economic activities and aspects of livelihood of the citizen.
1.3.2. Scoping and Achievements Reconstruction and restoration of Earthquake affected road network and road- bridges has been mainly divided into two phases with following implementation: (a) First Phase (b) Second Phase (a) First Phase: In this phase, 17 district level roads have been reconstructed in 12 earthquake affected districts: Lamjung, Gorkha, Chitwan, Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Kavrepalanchok, Dolakha, Ramechhap, Sindhuli, Okhaldhunga and Solukhumbu. Total 301 km road is constructed where gravel-165km, Cobble 15km and blacktopped 121 km (Premix: 53 km, DBST17-58 km, Asphalt:10km). The project has achieved 99 percentage of physical and financial progress overall. Initially, Detailed Project Report (DPR) was prepared for 478 km of 25 roads in 12 districts but all the reconstruction was not possible due to the lack of fund. SDC-TA18 provided with technical assistance for DPR and overseeing technical aspects as well as Asian Development Bank provided loan for the reconstruction of the roads.
Belghari-Archalbot-Lamabagar-Serabazar-Liture-Pachok road construction (Lamjung)
17 DBST : Double Bituminous Surface Treatment 18 SDC-TA : Swiss Development Corporation-Technical Assistance 18 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Khopasi-Dhungakharka-Chyamrangbesi-Milche-Borang black-topped road (Kavrepalanchowk)
Jorbuddha-Dhorpu-Garma-Nele road monitoring and discussion (Solukhumbu)
42.95 millions US dollar (88%) from ADB and 5.263 millions US dollar (12%) from Nepal Government as well as 4.48 millions US dollar Technical Assistance (TA) from SDC was allocated for the reconstruction of the roads.
The reconstruction of roads (from August 2015 to December 2019) has already been completed and are presently in use assisting the daily lives of the people by growing economic activities. 10 roads have been handed to the province and local level after the maintenance by respective builders within the Defect Liability Period.
301 km out of 478 km road reconstruction has been concluded and the DPR of 177 km (rest 8 roads) is handed over to the respective provinces and local levels. 19
Following is the details of roads reconstructed in the First Phase: S. Reconstructed No. District Name of the road length (km) 1 Lamjung 1. Belghari-Archalbot-Lamabagar-Serabajar-Liture- 12.59 pachok(0+000 to 12+590 km) road 2 Gorkha 2. Ghyampesal-Balkot-Palkhu-Swara-Saurpani-Barpak 8.86 road 3. Luitel-Aanppipal-Haribhanjyang-Thalaju-Bhachek road 31.437 (0+000 to 30+575 km) 3 Chitwan 4. Khurkhure (highway)-Samitar-Thankuri Bhanjyang- 11.5 (0+000 to 11+500 km) road 4 Kathmandu 5. Sankhu-Palubari-Nagarkot(0+000 to 10+046 km) road 10.046 5 Lalitpur 6. Godamchaur-Godawari-Badikhel-Lelebhanjyang ( 14.4 0+000 to 14+400 km) road 7. Thaiba-Godamchaur(0+000 to 2+656 km)road 2.656 6 Bhaktapur 8. Telkot-Bhattedada- Nagarkot (0+000 to 7+588 km) road 7.588 7 Kavrepalanchok 9. Khopasi-Dhungakharka-Chyamrangbesi-Milche-Borang 14.055 (0+000 to 14+055 km) raod 10. Kuntabesi-Nayagaun-Nagarkot(0+000 to 18+673 km) 18.673 road 8 Dolakha 11. Bhirkot-Sahare-Hawa (0+000 to 25+565 km) road 25.565 12. Sunkhani-Sangwa (Sunkhani-Lamidanda-Kalinchowk: 27.373 0+000 to 27+373 km) road 9 Ramechhap 13. Haldibesi-Dhobi-Dhandebesi (0+000 to 38+899 km) 38.899 road 14. Devitar-Phulasi-Pokhari (0+000 to 16+140 km) road 16.14 section 10 Sindhuli 15. Pipalbhanjyang-Haitar-Netrakali (0+000 to 29+290 km) 29.29 11 Okhaldhunga 16. Okhaldhunga-Rumjatar road 11.10 12 Solukhumbu 17. Jorbuddha-Dhorpu-Garma-Nele (0+000 to 22+007 km) 22.007 road Total : Kilometers 301
According to the report, total cost for reconstruction of aforementioned 17 roads is Nepali Rupees Eight Billions and Four Millions (NRs. 8,004,000,000) (brief information on Schedule-3, Serial Number 16). 20 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
(b) Second Phase: Reconstruction of District level roads and road-bridges not included in the first phase was done in Second Phase which were identified by Post Disaster Need Assessment (PDNA) and Post Disaster Recovery Framework(PRDF) after the earthquake. Activities in this Phase are being implemented with the financial and technical support form Nepal Government. Under this the DPR was prepared for 542 km of 52 roads and 50 road-bridges (1067m) but owing to the lack of funding, reconstruction of 25 roads (363km) and 15 road-bridges (437m) is underway. With the goal of reconstructing 363 km -137.29 km gravel and 225.70 km blacktopped road, till now 252.60 km- 109.3 km gravel and 143.3 km black topped 18 number of roads have been completely reconstructed. So far 91 percent of physical progress and 86 percent financial progress has been achieved in the road reconstruction in this phase.
Baulaha Khola road-bridge construction (Nawalparasi: Susta-Bardaghat East)
Measuring road standard of Bakulahar-Jutpani-Shaktikhor (Chitwan)
With the goal of reconstructing 15 road-bridges (437m), 12 road-bridges (Okhaldhunga, Sindhuli, Kavrepalanchok, Makwanpur, Nawalparasi, Palpa, Arghakhanchi, Gulmi, Baglung, Kaski and Dhading-total 352 m) has been completed and reconstruction of 3 road-bridges is going on. The physical and financial progress so far are 82 percent and 77 percent respectively. 21
DPR of 27 roads (179 km) and 35 raod-bridges (630m) which were not reconstructed under NRA have been handed over to respective provinces and local level for the reconstruction.
Details of completed and ongoing reconstruction of Roads under phase two:
S. Length Completed/ District Name of the Road No (km) Underconstruction 1 Sankhuwasabha 1. Numa-Makalu road 4.44 Completed
2 Dhankuta 2. Bhedetar-Mahabharat-Aahale-Barahachhetra road 10.046 90% Completed 3 Khotang 3. Diktel-Khanidada-Regmitar road 10.974 50% Completed 4 Okhaldhunga 4. Okhaldhunga-Rampur-Lapsekhola road 26.623 90% Completed 5 Kavrepalanchok 5. Nagarkot-Gairibisaune-Hinguapati-Jyamdi-Dolalghat 19.624 Completed road 6 Kathmandu 6. Gokarna-Baluwa-Tarebhir road 10.91 Completed 7. Nagdhunga-Bandbhanjyang-Bhimdhunga-Ramkot 11.239 Completed raod 7 Lalitpur 8. Lele-Tikabhairab-Devichaur-Ghusel-Jagalkot road 11.00 Completed 8 Makawanpur 9. Bhimphedi-Bogate-Ipadeurali-Sisneri road 23.64 Completed 9 Chitwan 10. Bakulahar(Ratnanagar)-Jutpani-Shaktikhor-Siddhi 21.542 Completed road 10 Rasuwa 11. Shantibazar-Pairegaun-Thulogaun-Dandagaun road 9.96 Completed 11 Nuwakot 12. Gorkhetar-Chokte road 13.556 90% Completed 12 Dhading 13. Dhadingbesi-Bharyangbhurung-Semjong road 21.23 Completed 13 Gorkha 14. Nayagaun-Bhachchek-Sirandanda(Section of Drabya 13.86 Completed shaha raod) road 14 Tanahun 15. Bhimad-Bhanumati road 17.67 84% Completed 15 Kaski 16. Hemja-Khanepanimuhan-Lumre-Siding road 15.90 Completed 17. Shisuwa-Polyantar road 16.2 Completed 16 Parbat 18. Patichaur-Maidan-Lapsibot road 12.162 Completed 17 Baglung 19. Burtibang-Khunga Dovan-Bodga Dovan-Khunkhai 9.853 Completed road 18 Myagdi 20. Gharkhola-Chhibang-Sikha-Ghodepani road 18.54 56% Completed 19 Syangja 21. Mirmi-Birgha-Alamdeurali-Chhadi bhanjyang road 17.7 Completed 20 Gulmi 22. Purtighat-Phoksing-Gwagha road 12.35 Completed 21 Arghakhachi 23. Chakla-Siddhara-Pakuli-Nayabasti-Dhankhola road 11.214 Completed 24. Upallopokhara-Bhumikasthan-Pipalneta-Gokhunga 11.4 Completed road 22 Palpa 25. Dumre-Chakaldi-Kusumkhola-Budhakholsi road 14.30 82% Completed Total: kilometers 363 22 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Till 4 July 2021, Nepali Rupees Six Billions and One Hundred Sixty Nine Millions (NRs. 6,169,000,000) (details in Schedule-3 Serial Number 17) has been spent for the reconstruction of 25 roads and additional Nepali Rupees Two Hundred Thirty Millions (NRs. 230,000,000) is required for the remaining work in fiscal year 2021/22.
Details of completed and ongoing reconstruction of road-bridges in phase two:
Length S. Bridge Name of the Road Type of Constructed/ District of the No. S.No. Bridge Road bridge Underconstruction bridge 1 Arghakhachi 1 Khakabesi Khola RCC Single Completed Span T-Girder (20m) 2 Gulmi 2 Lungkhola (Purtighat- RCC T-Girder Single Completed Foksing-Gwakha- Span Shantipur road) (15m) 3 Palpa 3 Kusum (Chakaldi) Khola RCC T-Girder 20 m 65% Completed (Dumre-Chakaldi-Kusum khola-Budhakholsi road) 4 Tansen Khola (Dumre- RCC T-Girder 20m Completed Chakaldi-Kusumkhola- Budhakholsi road) 4 Myagdi 5 Ghatte (Ghar) Khola RCC T-Girder Single 30% Completed Bridge (Gharkhola- Span Chhibang-Sikha (25m) Ghodepani road) 5 Baglung 6 Lukurwan Khola RCC T-Girder Single Completed Span (25m) 7 Bhaluwang Khola Prestressed Single Completed Intermediate Span Lane (40m) 6 Kaski 8 Paundikhola(Hemja- RCC T-Girder Single Completed Khanepanimuhan- Span Lumre-Siding road) (25m) 7 Nawalparasi 9 Baulaha Khola bridge RCC, T-Girder 51m Completed (Susta-Bardaghat (Double East) Span) 8 Makawanpur 10 Dodhare Khola (Dharmeli Prestressed, Single 35% Completed Khola) (Bhimphedi- Intermediate Span Ipadeurali road) Lane. (40m) 11 Kogate Khola (Bhiphedi- Prestressed, Single Completed Ipadeurali road) Intermediate Span Lane. (35m) 23
Length S. Bridge Name of the Road Type of Constructed/ District of the No. S.No. Bridge Road bridge Underconstruction bridge 9 Dhading 12 Lapangkhola (Dhading RCC Pre- Single Completed Besi-Bharyangbhurung- stressed, Box Span Semjong road) Girder, Open (45m) foundation 10 Kavrepalanchok 13 Godawari (cha) Khola RCC T- Girder Single Completed (Hinguapati-Jyamdi- Span Dolalghat road) (25m) 11 Okhaldhunga 14 Sisnekhola RCC T-Girder Single Completed (Okhaldhunga-Rumjatar Span raod) (26m) 12 Sindhuli 15 Simlekhola (Pipal RCC T-Girder Single Completed Bhanjyang-Haitar- Span Netrakali road) (25m) Total 15 437 m
Total sum of Nepali Rupees Five Hundred Fifteen Millions (NRs. 515,000,000) has been already spent (briefly mentioned in Schedule-3, Serial Number 18) for the reconstruction of above mentioned 15 road-bridges till 4 July 2021 and for the remaining work to be completed Nepali Rupees Forty Two Millions and Five Hundred Thousands (NRs. 42,500,000) is estimated in fiscal year 2021/22.
26 people have received beautician training and 185 have received driving training as a part of providing skills and employment training to those directly affected by this project. By reconstructing and rehabilitating the roads and road-bridges thousands work-force equivalent livelihoods are being created. 24 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
1.4. Earthquake Monasteries Reconstruction Project (EMRP)
1.4.1. Objective: Maintenance and Reconstruction of Monasteries/Bihar/Stupa and link them with people’s lives and livelihood.
1.4.2. Damage Assessment Report After the devastating earthquake, for the protection, maintenance and reconstruction of monasteries NRA through CLPIU GMaLI (EMRP) conducted the Damage Assessment Survey and found out 1297 monasteries were damaged out of 1320 as submitted by Buddhist Philosophy Promotion and Monastery Development Committee. Severely damaged monastery of Gorkha
Districts wise details of destructed monasteries:
No. of damaged No. of damaged S.No. District Monasteries S.No. District Monasteries 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 Sankhuwasabha 24 16 Nuwakot 112 2 Bhojpur 31 17 Dhading 85 3 Dhankuta 6 18 Gorkha 96 4 Solukhumbu 63 19 Lamjung 14 5 Khotang 18 20 Tanahun 15 6 Okhaldhunga 25 21 Kaski 5 7 Sindhuli 41 22 Parbat 1 8 Ramechhap 83 23 Baglung 1 9 Dolakha 88 24 Syangja 4 10 Sindhupalchok 203 25 Gulmi 1 11 Kavrepalanchok 113 26 Palpa 2 25
No. of damaged No. of damaged S.No. District Monasteries S.No. District Monasteries 1 2 3 1 2 3 12 Bhaktapur 3 27 Nawalparasi 11 13 Kathmandu 24 28 Chitwan 56 14 Lalitpur 16 29 Makawanpur 124 15 Rasuwa 55 Total 1297
Earthquake affected monastery protection, maintenance and reconstruction procedure 2018 and Directive 2018 for the same was issued by NRA to manage the Reconstruction and Maintenance of monastery.
Monasteries have been classified on the basis of damage in the following manner:
(a) Grade 1: Monasteries in this category are at risk if the surrounding area is not protected. (b) Grade 2: These Monasteries can be reused after simple maintenance. (c) Grade 3: Monasteries in this category can be re-used only after heavy maintenance. (d) Grade 4: Physical structures of the monasteries of this Damaged scenario of a monastery category are damaged and need demolition and re-construction. (e) Grade 5: Monasteries are completely damaged with very little or no remnants. NOTE: Grade 4 & 5 monastery need reconstruction and grade 1,2 & 3 need maintenance.
Monasteries illustration as per Damage Assessment Report (DAR)
S. No. of Total No. of No Type of Intervention Grade Monasteries Monasteries 1 Preservation category 1 71 402 2 Simple maintenance category 2 129 (Maintenance) 3 Extensive maintenance category 3 202 26 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
S. No. of Total No. of No Type of Intervention Grade Monasteries Monasteries 4 Reconstruction (Remnants present) category 4 299 895 5 Reconstruction (No remnants) category 5 596 (Reconstruction) Total 1297 1297
Furthermore, Monasteries have been classified as follows according to the area and age:
(a) Monasteries less than 100 years old and 2000 sq.ft. plinth area: For the reconstruction of these monasteries in cost partnership basis, NRA has agreed with 24 Model Designs and Drawings suitable one of which must be selected. CLPIU GMaLI has put forward 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400 and 1800 sq.ft plinth area for RCC19 and mudstone structures with one Sample design of Monastery and two stories. In this category of Monastery construction Nepal Government provides 70 percent grant and 30 percent is born by local level, Monastery Development Committee and consumers. There is a compulsory provision of minimum 600 sq.ft. plinth area to reconstruct the monastery. (b) Monasteries more than 100 years old: Reconstruction of more than 100 years old monasteries attract Ancient Memorial Act, 2013, and the reconstruction is underway after separate and specific DPR according to prevailing laws to preserve the originality and appearance. (c) Reconstruction of monastery with more than 2000 sq.ft plinth area: Monasteries with more than 2000 sq.ft. plinth area have complex nature of construction. CLPIU has been reconstructing these structures
with separate DPR for each Design of Karmasiddha Dharmachakra through construction builders. Monastery (Pokhara, Kaski)
19 RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete 27
1.4.3 Achievements/ Progress (a) Monastery preservation and maintenance: Till fiscal year 2019/20, Maintenance of 294 (73%) monasteries out of total 402 has already been completed and the remaining 108 (27%) monasteries maintenance could not be completed despite sufficient budget due to Covid-19 pandemic. Maintenance of Monastery (b) Reconstruction in cost sharing: Under this scheme, budget is allocated for 101 monasteries in fiscal year 2020/21 out of total 631 and reconstruction continues through DLPIUs. Among them reconstruction of 90 monasteries is expected to complete in fiscal year 2020/21. (c) Reconstruction of monasteries with archeological importance: 250 monasteries which are more Observation of Reconstruction of Thodung Samten Chholing Monastery (Ramechhap) than 100 years old need to be reconstructed. Among them DPR of 5 monasteries was done in the beginning of fiscal year 2020/21 and the reconstruction work is under way with half the job done by CLPIU GMaLI. Reconstruction of 16 monasteries in this category has now shifted to CLPIU (Building). DPR of 23 monasteries has recently been completed and tender process has been initiated. DPR preparation of all Monastery underway of reconstruction the remaining monasteries will be concluded in fiscal year 2020/21. 28 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
(d) Reconstruction of monasteries with more than 2000 sq.ft. plinth area: Among total 14 monasteries in this category, 8 of them are being constructed on contract basis and the rest 6 await DPR. The reconstruction is expected to conclude in this fiscal year.
Overall reconstruction of Monasteries, present scenario and future obligation is illustrated below: Present state (4 July 2021) Estimated cost Type of Intervention for remaining
S. No. reconstruction (Nepali Completed Monasteries No. Monasteries
Not yet started Not yet Rupees) Underconstruction 1 Preservation and maintenance 402 294 – 10820 110 millions 2 Reconstruction in Cost partnership 631 – 101 530 2.45 billions 3 Reconstruction of Archaeologically Important (more 250 – 5 245 2.32 billions thant 100 years old) monasteries 4 Reconstrution of Monasteries more than 14 0 8 6 250 millions 2000 sq.ft plinth area Total 1297 294 114 889 5.13 billions
By reconstructing and rehabilitating monasteries hundreds work-force livelihoods are being generated.
Till 4 July 2021 the sum of Nepali Rupees Eight Hundred Millions (NRs. 800,000,000) (details in Schedule-3, Serial Number 19) has been spent for the reconstruction, preservation and maintenance of monasteries and Nepali Rupees 5.13 billions is estimated for the reconstruction of remaining monasteries.
DLPIU GMaLI, of respective districts were responsible to oversee the CLPIU Education's District level activities in districts: Sankhuwasabha, Dhankuta, Nawalparasi, Arghakhanchi, Palpa, Gulmi, Baglung and Myagdi for a year in between. Later on for convenience, CLPIU Education established it's own District Level Project Implementation Unit for education in those districts and started functioning. Initially the activities were overseen in more than one district by the same DLPIU Building unit in some districts, later on for smooth functioning of 11 districts without DLPIU Building offices in addition to 2 (Bhojpur and Lamjung) with aforementioned districts, reconstruction responsibility related to CLPIU Building was given to respective DLPIU GMaLI. The activities continue in the same manner so far.
20 Number of monasteries that could not be repaired due to COVID-19 pandemic 29
2. Learning, Experience and Way Forward 2.1. Lessons Learnt, Experience Gained: (a) Private Housing Reconstruction and Retrofitting: Government has to look after all the aspects and has limited resources, so the grant allocated by the government for reconstruction plays only a supportive role. Although, it is impossible for government to allocate sufficient budget, private housing reconstruction and resettlement activities were push forward as high priority. According to the Hierarchy of Needs, Er. Ganesh Raj Osti Shelter is the third component after Food and Clothing for people, which made the reconstruction and resettlement of private housing convenient. The pace of reconstruction of private housing, a little sluggish at the beginning, increased after the NRA declared the deadline for the Participation Agreement and tranche payment and focused completely in this. Deadlines were declared at first to accelerate the intensity of the private housing reconstruction as 15 December 2020 for Participation Agreement and 30 December 2020 for the payment of first installment. Likewise, 12 February 2021 and 14 May 2021 deadlines were declared for the verification from the local authority for the payment of second and third tranche. Declaration of latter deadlines were with the objective to conclude the reconstruction activities. As frequent initial deadlines were not taken seriously by beneficiaries, declaration of final deadline and the message propagated to the beneficiaries made them clear that this is the last one unlike previous deadlines. Despite the lots of efforts and substantial progress achieved on private housing reconstruction, second wave of COVID-19 Pandemic presently spread affected the housing reconstruction endeavor severely and due date to its completion has been extended upto 16 November 2021. It was heard people saying that the reconstruction has destroyed our ancient original form. In fact, in mountain and hilly region residential houses were and some still are tall and heavy in nature which are at high risk regarding seismic side effects. Almost all the reconstructed units are interconnected and tightened by the vertical and horizontal elements. They are very strong, light and have less height as they were tightened with bands in each steps of reconstruction-foundation, plinth, sill, lintel, floor/eaves etc. such structures are at less risk regarding seismic side effects. There should not be any sort of vertical or horizontal enlargement in the future to these structures, if it is a must then it should be done only after the recommendation of an engineer. As the devastating earthquake had severe and huge damage in private housing, reconstruction and resettlement of private housing was a huge responsibility for the government. It is highly perceived by majority that the activities performed so far, when both the government and citizen have weak economical capacity, is a great achievement. 30 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
How have we used the moment of destruction as an opportunity, this is an important part of analysis. It is found that some people have constructed their houses on their own cost around the reconstruction sites which have safe design, cost estimation and sufficient use of structural elements accordingly. During Earthquake Private Housing Reconstruction, apprenticeship, trainings and rejuvenation activities were extensively conducted so as to increase the awareness among the people and there was active voluntary participation and observation from the public on earthquake resistant design and construction. Such conducive environment enabled the knowledge, skills and technology related to construction of earthquake resistant structures spread among people. Level of awareness increased among people on construction of earthquake resistant structures, was imparted by construction workers (carpenter/mason), overseer, engineer and social mobiliser which is a positive aspects and an example of destruction turned to an opportunity. After a while, people tend to forget about the destruction caused by earthquake and resume their previous ways of constructing weak physical infrastructures. To stop and change this will always be a challenge. Mid-western and far-western regions of Nepal have not experienced devastating earthquake for a long time, so there is no initiative/awareness on constructing and retrofitting earthquake resistant structures as people do not learn by seeing unless face themselves. Retrofitting could not be completely implemented during this reconstruction as house owners did not have complete information and trust on this technology. Likewise, service providers also seem to have lacked the practice and confidence in the technology. The compulsory provision of grant payment through banking system, enabled rural areas to experience growth in the banking services. Compulsory provisions of use of SMS apps, fill the Know Your Customer (KYC) form, money deposited only in beneficiaries account etc. made it possible for the timely and transparent payment to the beneficiaries as well as provided an opportunity for the people to gain knowledge and skills on usage of technology. (b) Local Infrastructure Reconstruction: CLPIU GMaLI had the responsibility of reconstructing the local infrastructure especially district roads and road-bridges. In the aftermath of devastating earthquake numerous physical infrastructures (roads and road- bridges) were damaged which needed to be reconstructed in order to expedite the reconstruction of private housing by easing the movement of people and construction materials. Reconstruction of roads and road-bridges is a Line Project which includes the acquisition of lands, houses, cutting down of numerous trees in the project site, so the number concerned/affected people is high. It is not as simple as reconstructing a government building or a school or a health post building. Private lands in road construction site needs 31
to be acquired after Compensation Determination Committee's decision. Concerned people must agree to give their land to the project by following the necessary procedures like measurement of land, preparation of Resettlement Plan (RP) and its execution etc. It is a very complex process in addition to delay in allocation of budget from Ministry of Finance (MoF) and the side effects following this. During various stages of project, it has been felt that if we could appoint necessary human resources in contract basis in order to perform the duties of Survey and Land Revenue Offices, the work would be very simple and finish on time, as the limited employees in those offices are very busy with their day to day duties. It is impossible for them to give timely response to such projects. In addition to this, Ministry of Finance (MoF) is reluctant to approve the projects and budget necessary to build the road- bridges in that line of road reconstruction. The completion of road reconstruction without the road-bridge will still be a bottleneck for the usage of the road because roads and road-bridges are the infrastructures of the infrastructures. A lot can be achieved, without any doubt if all the concerned departments understand this importance of roads and road-bridges. (c) Reconstruction of Monasteries/Bihar/Stupa: Monasteries/Stupa/Bihar witnessed relatively more devastation due to earthquake, as they are mostly located in top of the hills or hillside. Monasteries are found everywhere, but in Sindhupalchok, Kavrepalanchok, Nuwakot, and Makawanpur, the extent of destruction was high. Buddhist Philosophy Promotion and Monastery Development Committee (BPPMDC) submitted an initial report immediately after the earthquake and repeatedly requested for the reconstruction of them. But the NRA was focused in private housing reconstruction and Ministry of Finance (MoF) also delayed in allocating necessary budget. Finally, the allocation was made in fiscal year 2019/20 and the reconstruction of 1297 damaged monasteries as per report from Damage Assessment Study (DAS) were in need of reconstruction (not 1320 as mentioned in the report by BPPMDC). It was decided that among them 402 in grade 1, 2 & 3 required only maintenance and the rest 895(in grade 4& 5) required reconstruction. Maintenance work of 402 monasteries has been completed by 73 percent so far and DPR preparation for reconstruction of remaining monasteries has been completed about 80% so far and rest of DPR preparation is underway. Under the cost sharing between local level and Monastery Development Committee, 631 (model designs applicable) among them 101 monasteries are under reconstruction in the fiscal year 2020/21. Reconstruction of 13 monasteries out of 264 (250 numbers more than 100 years old and 14 numbers with more than 2000 sq.ft. plinth area) has already been initiated and that of 23 monasteries is in the process to begin. Reconstruction of the remaining monasteries will begin once the required budget is received. Although, the local level and Monastery Development Committee have requested for the reconstruction of all the monasteries simultaneously, it could not be done due to lack of budget. 32 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
2.2 Way Forward: It has been seventh year since the devastating earthquake struck Nepal and 6th years since the establishment of National Reconstruction Authority (NRA). Initially, NRA was given five-year time period to complete its task of reconstruction but it didn’t happen owing to Covid-19 pandemic and other problems. So, the time period was extended for one more year till 24 December 2021. This extended period can be separately viewed as – (a) For NRA itself to complete the remaining task till 15 July 2021 and (b) For preparing the reports, data update, filing, asset management and handover till 24 December 2021. It is NRA’s responsibility to handover the remaining reconstruction tasks along with its experience and learning to the concerned authorities, especially to National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Authority, within this time frame. The reconstruction activities are definitely going to be interrupted due to the lockdown imposed because of second wave of covid-19 since 29th April 2021. (a) Reconstruction of Private Housing: The beneficiaries who really needed the house have almost completed the reconstruction and retrofitting of their housing units. Some of them who haven’t are those who never showed up to sign Participation Agreement or those who died / fled or went abroad as well as some who were mistakenly identified as beneficiaries. The name of the beneficiaries who have not yet signed the Participation Agreement or have not presented themselves to receive the first tranche have been excluded from the list. Those beneficiaries, who were able to switch to reconstruction from retrofitting and those who were later included among beneficiaries (after appeal) are around 8000. The necessary budget for these additional beneficiaries is included in upcoming 2021/22 program. It will be very wise and helpful to cope such disasters in the future if the continuation is given to awareness campaign like Earthquake resistant housing construction, update and follow the directives according to the necessity not only in these 32 districts but all over Nepal. Likewise, the effectiveness of services and facilities such as social security and insurance payment is sure to improve if the bank accounts of beneficiaries used for tranche payment can be utilized in the future. (b) Reconstruction of Local Infrastructure: DPR of some roads and road-bridges prepared by CLPIU GMaLI which are yet to be implemented have been handed over to concerned agencies (mostly provinces) for the implementation. Already prepared DPR is like a project bank, so, the utilization of such DPRs may help not only to save time but also to increase the capital. Reconstructed roads and road-bridges have been handed over to concerned provinces and local level. After this, some of the gravel roads have been upgraded by provinces, which have saved their budget, increased the durability of the structure and people have benefitted from it. For all the structures reconstructed under CLPIU 33
GMaLI and handed over, concerned agencies have been requested for utilization, upgradation and maintenance of the roads and road-bridges for the longevity of those structures. Reconstruction of road and road-bridges has again been disrupted by second wave of covid-19. Program and budget has been proposed for the incomplete tasks which are to be completed in F.Y. 2021/22. (c) Earthquake Monastery Reconstruction: Owing to the lack of budget, the reconstruction of monasteries started long after. The proposed budget and the program for the reconstruction of monasteries older than 100 years, which is due to begin after the departure of NRA have been handed to Department of Archaeology and the remaining reconstruction of other monasteries to Department of Local Infrastructure.
2.3. Conclusion: National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Authority (NDRRMA) is active as a central body with the responsibility of coping with such tragedies and reconstruction. It is the responsibility of all us to fully support NDRRMA. It is wise to handover knowledge, experience, human and non-human resources related to Gorkha earthquake reconstruction to NDRRMA as per the necessity and usability. As Nepal is prone to such disasters time and again, NDRRMA should be provided with legal status as an autonomous body with all the necessary power to act as a stable, transparent, independent and effective mechanism with the support from all the levels of government. 34 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
3. Schedules: Schedule-1: Organizational Structure of CLPIU GMaLI and Central Staff details National Reconstruction Authority (NRA)
Central Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) Superintendent Er./Gazetted First/Civil/General-1, Na.Su./Non Gazetted First - 1, Computer Operator/Non/Gazetted First -1, Driver/Classless-1, Office Assistant/Classless -1 Total = 5 Total = 71
Earthquake Housing Local Infrastructure Section Earthquake Monesteris Financial Project Monitoring, Human Reconstruction Section (EEAP) Reconstruction Section Administration Section Resource Management (EHRP) SDE/Gazetted Second/ (EMRP) Under Secratery Section SDE/Gazetted Second/ Civil/General-1, Engineer/ SDE/Gazetted Second/ (Account)/Gazetted Under Secratery Civil/General-1 Gazetted Third/Civil/General-4, Civil/General-1, Engineer/ Second-1, Account (Administration)/Gazetted Engineer/Gazetted Third/ Sociologist/ Gazetted Third-1, Gazetted Third/Civil/ officer/Gazetted Second-1, Section officer/ Civil/General-4, Computer Na.Su./Non- Gazetted General-3, Na.Su./ Third-2, Accountant/ Gazetted Third-1, Na.Su./ Operator /Non-Gatzetted First-1, Sub-engineer/Non Non Gazetted First-1, Non- Gazetted First-3, Non-Gazetted First-1, First-2, Driver/Classless Gazetted First-3, Computer Computer Operator/ Computer Operator/ Computer Operator/Non- -1, Office Assistant/ Operator/Non Gatzetted First Non Gatzetted First -2, Non- Gazetted First-1, Gazetted First-1, Kharidar/ Classless-3 -5, Kharidar/Non Gatzetted Kharidar/Non Gatzetted Driver/Classless-1, Non Gazetted Second-1 Second-2, Driver/Classless-4, Second-1, Driver/ Office Assistant/ Driver/Classless-1, Office Office Assistant/Classless -7 Classless-1, Office Classless-1 Assistant/Classless-1 Assistant/Classless -2 Total 11 Total 28 Total 11 Total 9 Total 7
District Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) : 20 Districts Under Secretary/Gazetted Second -1 (Adm./Tech.) Total 1 20 × 17 = 340
Planning, Social Mobilization and Financial Administration Local Infrastructure Section Earthquake Housing and Human Resource Management Section Section Engineer/Gazetted Third Civil/ Monasteries Section Section Officer/Gazetted Third-1, Sociologist/ Account officer/Gazetted General-1, Sub-engineer/ Non Engineer/Gazetted Third Civil/ Gazetted Third-1, Na.Su./Non-Gazetted Third-1, Accountant/Non- Gazetted First-2 General-1, Sub-engineer/Non First-2, Computer Operator/Non- Gatzetted Gazetted First-1 Gazetted First-1 First-2, Driver/Classless -1, Office Assistant/ Classless -2 Total 9 Total 2 Total 3 Total 2
District Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) : 8 Districts Under Secretary/Gazetted Second -1 (Adm./Tech.) Total 1 8×18=144+3=147
Planning, Financial Human Resource Local Earthquake Public Building Remarks Monitoring, Administration Management, Social Infrastructure Housing and and Private Coordination Section Mobilization and Income Section Monasteries Housing Section Additional 1/1 and Information Account officer/ Promotion Section Engineer/ Section Engineer/ Sub-Engineer Management Gazetted Section Officer/Gazetted Gazetted Third/ Engineer/ Gazetted Third/ at Dhankuta, Section Third-1 Third-1, Na.Su./Non Gazetted Civil/General-1, Gazetted Third Civil/General-1, Arghakhanchi Section Officer/ First-1, Social Mobilizer/Non Sub-engineer/Non Civil/General-1, Sub-engineer/Non and Gulmi Gazetted Third-1 Gazetted First-1, Computer Gazetted First-1 Sub-engineer/Non Gazetted First-1 Districts. Na.Su/Non Operator/ Non Gazetted Gazetted First-1 Gazetted First-1 First-2, Driver/Classless-1, Office Assistant/Classless -2 Total 2 Total 1 Total 8 Total 2 Total 2 Total 2
District Level Project Implementation Unit (Grant Management and Local Infrastructure) : 3 Districts Under Secretary/Gazetted Second -1 (Adm./Tech.) Total 1 3×14=42
Planning, Monitoring, Financial Human Resource Management, Local Infrastructure Earthquake Housing and Coordination Administration Social Mobilization and Income Section Monasteries Section and Information Section Promotion Section Engineer/Gazetted Third Engineer/Gazetted Third Management Section Account officer/ Section Officer/Gazetted Third-1, Na.Su./ Civil/General-1, Sub- Civil/General-1, Sub- Section Officer/ Gazetted Gazetted Non Gazetted First-1, Social Mobilizer/ engineer/Non Gazetted engineer/Non Gazetted Third-1 Third-1 Non Gazetted First-1, Computer Operator/ First-1 First-1 Na.Su./Non Gazetted Non Gazetted First-1, Driver/Classless-1, First-1 Total 1 Office Assistant/Classless -1 Total 2 Total 6 Total 2 Total 2 35
Posts created in CLPIU GMaLI and DLPIU GMaLI as per the NRA's decision of 14 July 2019 Posts Center 20 districts 8 districts 3 districts Total Civil/General Superintendent Engineer, 1 0 0 0 1 Gazetted first class Senior Divisional Engineer, Civil/general 3 20 8 3 34 Under Secretary 1 0 0 0 1 Under Secretary-account 1 0 0 0 1 Officer-account 2 20 8 3 33 Officer 1 20 16 6 43 Engineer 11 40 24 6 81 Sociologist 1 0 0 0 1 Accountant 3 20 0 0 23 Nayab Subba 4 40 16 6 66 Sub engineer 3 60 27 6 96 Computer operator 12 40 16 3 71 Social mobiliser 0 20 8 3 31 Kharidar 4 0 0 0 4 Light vehicle driver 9 20 8 3 40 Office assistant 15 40 16 3 74 Total 71 340 147 42 600 36 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
District Categorization
S.No. Category A: 20 districts Category B:8 Districts Category C:3 districts 1 Solukhumbu Sankhuwasabha Bhojpur 2 Khotang Dhankuta Lamjung 3 Okhaldhunga Nawalparasi Kaski 4 Sindhuli Palpa 5 Ramechhap Arghakhachi 6 Dolakha Gulmi 7 Sindhupalchok Baglung 8 Rasuwa Myagdi 9 Dhading 10 Nuwakot 11 Kathmandu 12 Lalitpur 13 Bhaktapur 14 Kavrepalanchok 15 Makawanpur 16 Chitwan 17 Gorkha 18 Tanahun 19 Syangja 20 Parbat
Supplements: Category A: 20 Districts:- DLPIU GMaLI in these districts has been made responsible to conduct the projects under CLPIU GMaLI.
Category B: 8 Districts:- DLPIU GMaLI was responsible to conduct the projects under CLPIU GMaLI as well as CLPIU Building and CLPIU Education.
Category C: 3 Districts:- DLPIU GMaLI was responsible to conduct the projects under CLPIU GMaLI and CLPIU Building (Except Kaski).
Later on, CLPIU Education established its own DLPIUs is each district of 8 districts and started performing the activities related to education. On doing so, the total number of posts of CLPIU GMaLI and organization under it was reduced to 600 from 704. 37 Permanent Permanent Contract Contract Contract Permanent Permanent Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Permanent/ contract Service, Group Administration, General Administration Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Engineering, Civil, General Engineering, Civil, General Engineering, Civil, General Engineering, Civil, General Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Class Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted Classless Classless Gazetted First (Tech.) Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted (Tech.) Third Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted Class less Class less Class less Class less Gazetted Second (Tech.) Gazetted 9849056253 9849079733 9841960165 9803735304 9863914874 9813307547/ Contact number 9751027530 9851146815 9861289756 9857067185 9851247855 9841303687 9861109097 9823865489 9841382444 9861537120 9843368794 9843878149 9851120081 : Secretariat Office Staff Details : Secretariat CLPIU GMaLI Staff Details : Details of Individual Consultants Name : Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project (EHRP) Details Housing Reconstruction Project : Earthquake Sita Dhungana Bishowrup Acharya Chandra Dhakal Prakash Nirmala Jagebu Dr. Er. Mahesh Maharjan Laudari Chandrakanta Er. Ganesh Raj Osti Er. Uday Narayan Thakur Er. Paras Panthi Er. Samrak Karmacharya Punya Prasad Dhakal Gita Katwal Sankhar Khadka Bahadur Thapa Prem Regmi Keshab Suman Giri Bhawani Bista Pandey Er. Narayan Prasad Shrestha Post 21 SDE : Senior Divisional Engineer Nayab Subba Operator Computer Driver Office Assistant MIS Specialist Social Development Specialist Project Director Project SDE Leader Team Office Assistant Engineer Engineer Oeprator Computer Oeprator Computer Oeprator Computer Driver Office Assistant Office Assistant
2. 3. 4. 5. 2. 3. 1. 1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. SN 10. 21 38 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Permanent Permanent Contract Contract Permanent Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Contract Permanent/ contract Service, Group
Engineering, Sivil, General Engineering, Civil, General Engineering, Civil, General Miscellaneous Administration, General Administration Engineering, Civil, General Engineering, Sivil, General Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Class
Gazetted Second Gazetted (Tech.) (Tech.) Third Gazetted (Tech.) Third Gazetted Third Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted Classless Classless Classless Classless Classless Classless Classless Classless Classless Contact number 9851060277 9841524588 9841562269 9851210066 9841572151 9851181789 9851244286 9851005162 9808396679 9849445047 9843795353 9841893957 9841583814 9841715939 9860236318 9841493579 9845270419 9818934783 9849541011 9860010245 9860133521 9851168190 : Earthquake Emergency Assistant Project (EEAP) Assistant Project Emergency : Earthquake Name Dr. Er. Murali Gopal Ranjitkar Hari Narayan Niraula Er. Sushil Kumar Shrestha Er. Deepak Adhikari Krishna Prasad Adhikari Shyamlal Panthi Sudarshan Adhikari Milan Pokharel Sadhana KC Uttam Raj Panta Chhaya Devi Khadka Fullel Tulshi Bhadur Khadka Tara Kumar Prasad Bidari Basnet Shreekrishna Balami Kesharman Sumina Pokharel Sila Thapa Neupane Devendra Dilkumari Dahal Kamala Pokharel Er. Amrit Shrestha Post Environmental Environmental Specialist Financial Management Specialist Engineer Engineer Sociologist Nayab Subba Sub-Engineer Sub-Engineer Operator Computer Operator Computer Operator Computer Operator Computer Driver Driver Driver Driver Office Assistant Office Assistant Office Assistant Office Assistant Office Assistant SDE 5. 4. SN 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 1. 39 Permanent Permanent Contract Contract Contract Contract Permanent Permanent Contract Contract Contract Permanent Permanent Contract Contract Contract Permanent/ contract Service, Group Engineering, Civil, General Engineering, Civil, General Engineering, Civil, General Engineering, Civil, General Administration, General Administration Development Monastery Committee Administration (Account) Administration (Account) Miscellaneous
Class Second Gazetted (Tech.) (Tech.) Third Gazetted (Tech.) Third Gazetted (Tech.) Third Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted Second Non Gazetted Second Non Gazetted Classless Classless Classless Second Gazetted Third Gazetted First Non Gazetted Classless Classless : Details of EMRP staffs Contact number 9851093912 9849990830 9851168460 9849624127 9847040899 9849396274 9849796415 9841447456 9841629435 9841585974 9849516105 9841730055 9851249233 9851214665 9851144293 9851200288 9851140154 9861542385 9861867463 : Details of Individual Consultants : Details of staff in Financial Administration Section : Details of staff in Financial Administration Name Er. Lekh Prasad Chaulagain Indra Prasad Kafle Prasad Dongol Er. Naresh Er. Pradeep Lamichhane Er. Amar Nath Barma Santi Pariyar Manju Gautam Bishnu Prasad Subedi Ganesh Basnet Dil Bahadur Adhikari Laxmi Devkota Hariman Shrestha Nanda Kumar Pradhan Nirmal Kumar Shahi Er. Raj Bahadur Khadka Ghimire Er. Surendra Hiralal Bhandari Rita Kumari Sapkota Saraswati Dhital Post Kharidar Driver Office Assistant Office Assistant Monitoring and Monitoring Evaluation Specialist Bio-engineering Expert Engineer Engineer Engineer Operator Computer Operator Computer Kharidar Account Officer Operator Computer Team Leader Team SDE Under Secretary Office Assistant Office Assistant 2. 3. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2. 3. 1. 1. 1. SN 8. 9. 10. 11. 22. 21. 40 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction Permanent Contract Contract Permanent Permanent Permanent Contract Permanent Contract Contract Permanent/ contract Service, Group Administration (Account) Administration, General Administration Administration, General Administration Administration, General Administration Miscellaneous Administration, General Administration Class Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted Classless Classless Second Gazetted Third Gazetted First Non Gazetted First Non Gazetted Second Non Gazetted Classless Classless Contact number 9851225610 9841703280 9841397040 9848020167 9849819095 9861610188 9841359763 9846570996 9857068684 9861767036 : Details of staff of Project Monitoring and HRM Section Monitoring : Details of staff Project Name Rajan Chapagain Prasad Upadhya Tam Hari Prasad Pokharel Sanat Kumar Neupane Sanjay Pokharel Muna Ghimire Prasad Kadariya Shree Sita Bista Binita Gairhe Maharjan Prerana Post Driver Office Assistant Section Officer Nayab Subba Operator Computer Kharidar Driver Office Assistant Accountant Under Secretary 5. 6. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 4. 1. SN 41 CLPIU GMaLI Staff Group Photo CLPIU GMaLI Staff Group 42 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction Remarks Acting Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Chief Acting Chief Chief Chief Chief Acting Chief Chief Chief Chief Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Contact No. 9843208907 9852058990 9852841350 9852088400 9854045132 9852050405 9851096118 9852849245 9851109130 9841394403 9851150459 9851226165 9855065672 9851190542 9847068897 9851215317 9857824062 9851124504 Class Gazetted Third Gazetted (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Third Gazetted (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Second Gazetted (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Second Gazetted Second Gazetted Gazetted Second Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Second Gazetted Gazetted Second Gazetted Gazetted Second (Tech.) Second Gazetted Gazetted Second Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Post Section Officer Engineer Section Officer Engineer Under-secretary Engineer Under-secretary Under-secretary Under-secretary Engineer Under-secretary Under-secretary SDE Under-secretary Engineer Engineer Engineer Engineer Details of Heads DLPIUs GMaLI Acting heads Acting Brief information on heads of units in DLPIUs GMaLI Name of the heads/ Surya Prakash Bista Surya Prakash Er. Nabin Kumar Dev Pratima Dhakal Jha Dharmendra Kumar Er. Ram Prasad Pokharel Dahal Er. Thirendra Santosh Prasad Dahal Santosh Ghanashyam Upadhyaya Bharat Prasad Acharya Er. Ram Prasad Khyaju Ananta Prasad Acharya Purshotam Subedi Er. Hari Prasad Sharma Bishworaj Marasini Er. Sambhu Kumar Shah Er. Rakesh Raj Mishra Er. Rakesh Er. Ramsharan Acharya Er. Bimal Kishor KP District Sindhuli Sankhuwasabha Okhaldhunga Bhojpur Dolakha Dhankuta Ramechhap Khotang Sindhupalchowk Kavrepalanchowk Bhaktapur Lalitpur Kathmandu Rasuwa Nuwakot Dhading Gorkha Makwanpur Highly affected 14 districts Highly affected 1. 18 districts Less affected 15. 2. 16. 3. 17. 4. 18. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. S.No. 43 Remarks Chief ActingChief Acting Chief Acting Chief Chief Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Acting Chief Contact No. 9841010187 9855042637 9856063718 9856046960 9857635500 9857623299 9857622280 9843287138 9856040060 9841180524 9848029187 9847630023 9857087637 Class Gazetted Second Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Third Gazetted Gazetted Second (Tech.) Second Gazetted Gazetted Second Gazetted Gazetted Third Gazetted Gazetted Third Gazetted Gazetted Second Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Third (Tech.) Third Gazetted Gazetted Third Gazetted Gazetted Third Gazetted Post Under-Secretary Engineer Engineer Section Officer SDE Under-Secretary Section Officer Section Officer Under-Secretary Engineer Engineer Section Officer Section Officer Acting heads Acting Name of the heads/ Bimal Prasad Baral Er. Shohindar Yadav Er. Jay Prakash Gupta Er. Jay Prakash Surya Prasad Sharma Er. Nabaraj Sharma Krishnaraj Gautam Renuka Kumari Pandey Renuka Aakanshya Rijal Aakanshya Prabin Dhakal Er. Ananta Sunar Er. Surya Narayan Jha Yagya Prasad Rijal Yagya Rajendra Karki District Solukhumbu Chitwan Tanahun Lamjung Kaski Parbat Baglung Myagdi Syangja Palpa Gulmi Arghakhanchi Nawalparasi (Susta-Bardaghat West) Nawalparasi (Susta-Bardaghat East) 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. S.No. 44 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Details of the head of DLPIU GMaLI
Surya Prakash Bista Pratima Dhakal Ram Prasad Pokharel Santosh Prasad Dahal Section Officer Section Officer Under Secretary Under Secretary DLPIU GMaLI, Sindhuli DLPIU GMaLI, Okhaldhunga DLPIU GMaLI, Dolakha DLPIU GMaLI, Ramechhap
Bharat Prasad Acharya Er. Ram Prasad Khyaju Ananta Prasad Acharya Purushotam Subedi Under Secretary Engineer Under Secretary Under Secratery DLPIU GMaLI, Sindhupalchowk DLPIU GMaLI, Kavrepalanchowk DLPIU GMaLI, Bhaktapur DLPIU GMaLI, Lalitpur
Er. Hari Prasad Sharma Bishworaj Marasini Er. Sambhu Kumar Sah Er. Rakesh Raj Mishra SDE Under Secretary Engineer Engineer DLPIU GMaLI, Kathmandu DLPIU GMaLI, Rasuwa DLPIU GMaLI, Nuwakot DLPIU GMaLI, Dhading 45
Er. Ramsharan Acharya Er. Bimal Kishor KP Er. Nabin Kumar Dev Er. Dharmendra Kumar Jha Engineer Engineer Engineer Engineer DLPIU GMaLI, Gorkha DLPIU GMaLI, Makwnpur DLPIU GMaLI, DLPIU GMaLI, Bhojpur Sankhuwasabha
Er. Thirendra Dahal Ghanashyam Upadhyaya Bimal Prasad Baral Er. Shohindar Yadav Engineer Under Secretary Under Secretary Engineer DLPIU GMaLI, Dhankuta DLPIU GMaLI, Khotang DLPIU, GMaLI, Solukhumbu DLPIU GMaLI, Chitwan
Er. Jay Prakash Gupta Surya Prasad Sharma Er. Nabaraj Sharma Krishna Raj Gautam Engineer Section Officer SDE Under Secretary DLPIU GMaLI, Tanahun DLPIU GMaLI, Lamjung DLPIU GMaLI, Kaski DLPIU GMaLI, Parbat 46 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Renuka Kumari Pandey Aakanshya Rijal Prabin Dhakal Er. Ananta Sunar Section Officer Section Officer Under Secratery Engineer DLPIU GMaLI, Baglung DLPIU GMaLI, Myagdi DLPIU GMaLI, Syangja DLPIU GMaLI, Palpa
Er. Surya Narayan Jha Yagya Prasad Rijal Rajendra Karki Engineer Section Officer Section Officer DLPIU GMaLI, Gulmi DLPIU GMaLI, Arghakhanchi DLPIU GMaLI, Nawalparasi 47 1 5 1 3 0 0 7 15 12 10 42 49 18 28 45 322 127 678 tranche payment Second (Last)
73 792 442 222 380 695 336 268 554 162 First 1330 2243 1034 1338 1609 7397 10734 28625 tranche payment Retrofitting Side Retrofitting 73 792 467 222 380 695 346 268 554 162 1330 2243 1037 1338 1609 7404 10790 28726 Agreement Participation 969 421 645 107 588 332 761 261 1247 2409 3837 1065 1044 2256 2367 9529 12757 39241 Beneficiaries
1644 5049 2305 Third Third 31361 22821 64776 46720 81699 61586 12820 13951 23417 11553 69641 69401 63517 24452 597715 payment Tranche (Last) Tranche 1778 5411 2718 35363 23687 67125 49876 86792 67318 13555 16370 26668 12011 74567 75114 66245 29162 Second tranche 643853 payment
First 2036 6186 3181 38813 25787 69440 54171 89170 77128 25154 26714 43496 12323 76435 80238 68523 35776 tranche 723168 payment Reconstruction Side 2036 6186 3181 38933 25787 69916 54172 89392 77128 25155 26756 43503 12323 76526 80238 68523 35787 724139 Agreement Participation 2224 6735 3460 40308 26336 72388 55576 90573 80743 28072 29485 48172 12934 78518 82601 70363 38443 754512 Beneficiaries Districts Total (A) Total Sindhuli Okhaldhunga Dolakha Ramechhap Sindhupalchowk Kavrepalanchowk Bhaktapur Lalitpur Kathmandu Rasuwa Nuwakot Dhading Gorkha Makwanpur Sankhuwasabha Bhojpur Dhankuta 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 10 11 12 13 14 SN (A) Category (Most affected 14 Districts) (Most affected (A) Category (B) Category (Least affected 18 Districts) (Least affected (B) Category Schedule-2: Details of Beneficiaries identified, Participation Agreement and Tranche Distribution and Agreement Schedule-2: Details of Beneficiaries identified, Participation (till 4 July 2021) 48 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction 0 0 9 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 26 23 11 133 214 892 tranche payment Second (Last)
50 91 29 260 952 711 567 531 320 119 768 249 313 First 1128 7072 tranche 35697 payment Retrofitting Side Retrofitting 50 29 91 260 952 711 567 531 320 119 768 249 313 1128 7072 35798 Agreement Participation 50 33 443 952 797 673 726 320 119 768 111 646 315 1128 8435 47676 Beneficiaries
740 756 8296 6625 9444 3900 3679 1810 5927 2819 3028 1058 Third Third 11435 10964 79479 payment 677194 Tranche (Last) Tranche 775 826 9036 7422 4604 4594 2025 6942 3260 3549 1066 11868 12108 11914 Second tranche 89896 payment 733749
901 First 9593 8128 6414 5664 2369 8914 4564 4205 1100 1071 12285 14112 14039 tranche payment 104762 827930 Reconstruction Side 901 9593 8128 6414 5664 2369 8914 4564 4205 1100 1071 12285 14112 14039 104762 828901 Agreement Participation 9977 8443 6602 5928 2553 1015 9421 5104 4723 1225 1077 12779 14856 14887 111009 865521 Beneficiaries Districts Total (B) Total Total (A+B) Total Khotang Solukhumbu Chitawan Tanahun Lamjung Kaski Parbat Baglung Myagdi Syangja Palpa Gulmi Arghakhanchi (Susta- Nawalparasi West) Bardaghat (Susta- Nawalparasi East) Bardaghat 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 SN 49 Nepali Rupees) 2021) (in millions Expenditure (4 July Expenditure 66287 960 1901 70148 Rupees) Promised Promised 77000 1100 1901 80001 Grant/Loan (in millions Nepali ) 22 amount Support Contract (MUSD 200 300 200 10 710 date 31/7/2020 30/6/2023 30/6/2023 31/7/2020 Program end Program Program Program start date 18/06/2015 21/1/2018 06/02/2019 22/9/2017 Loan) - 5706, Original 23 Financing IDA Credit No Credit IDA NEP IDA Credit-NEP Credit-NEP IDA 6164, First Additional Financing IDA Credit No - 6530, Credit IDA Second Additional Financing MDTF Grant No NEP MDTF 4783 Program cost of IDA Credit No-5706, 6164 & 6530 Credit cost of IDA Program Source of fund (Grant/ Source no. 1 2 3 4 5 Program Program Program Program Reconstruction of housings private by destructed earthquake Project EHRP MUSD : Million United State Dollars State MUSD : Million United NE P: Nepal S.No. 1 Subtotal of IDA and MDTF (Grant) and MDTF of IDA Subtotal Project Project 22 23 Schedule-3: Sources of Budget and expenditure (till 4 July 2021) of CLPIU GMaLI (DLPIUs of Budget and expenditure Schedule-3: Sources included) 50 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction Nepali Rupees) 2021) (in millions Expenditure (4 July Expenditure 9989 10390 4829 1400 534 7310 7418.30 74.5 1387 120550 234029.80 Rupees) Promised Promised 11000 10649 5000 2000 533.7 7310 7418.30 74.5 1729 120550 246265.10 Grant/Loan (in millions Nepali ) 22 amount Support Contract (MUSD 100 - 50 19 879 date 15/7/2021 15/07/2021 30/11/2023 Program end Program Program Program start date 24/8/2016 21/08/2015 24/8/2017 11/10/2019 - 25 24 Loan) Loan NEP-12 26 50 M) Government of India Government Grant/ 100 M EXIM Bank (LoC Saudi Fund Loan 753/8 JICA People's Republic of China Union (EU) European International Monetary Fund (IMF) ADB (Grant) ADB (Policy Based Lending) Nepal Government Source of fund (Grant/ Source no. 6 7 9 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 Program Program on Agency Program Program f Credit Project M : illion LoC: Line o JICA: Japan International Cooperati S.No. Total Project Project 24 25 26 51 Nepali Rupees) 2021) (in millions Expenditure (4 July Expenditure 1901 251418.80 800 1901 515 14688 800 4150 6169 405 3449 Rupees) Promised Promised 264033.70 1900.60 1900.60 800 15068 515 800 4530 6169 405 3449 Grant/Loan (in millions Nepali ) 22 amount Support Contract (MUSD 882.82 3.82 3.82 date 31/12/2019 31/12/2019 Program end Program Program Program start date 10/9/2015 10/9/2015 Loan) ADB Loan NEP -3260 Nepal Government Nepal Government SDC-TA Nepal Government GoN Source of fund (Grant/ Source no. 20 16 19 18 17 Program Program Program Program Total Expenditure Expenditure Total (1+2+3+4) EEAP EMRP current Total expenditure Current Expenditure Expenditure Current housing Private except grant EHRP Total Total 17 district roads 17 district roads by destroyed earthquakee Reconstruction of Monasteries/Stupa/ by Bihar destroyed earthquake 15 road bridges 15 road by destroyed earthquake 25 district roads 25 district roads by earthquake affected Project Current Current expenditure EMRP EEAP S.No. 4 3 2 Project Project 52 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Schedule-4: Photographs Reflecting Major Activities and Events
In 13 March, 2016 NRA CEO, Er. Sushil Gyewali , signing NRA CEO Er. Sushil Gyewali, inagurating the annual the PA with first beneficiary, Jagatbahadur Khatri from then progress review seminar for fiscal year 2018/19 Laduk Village Development Committee, Ward No. 08,Singati, Dolakha for private housing reconstruction
Annual progress review seminar of fiscal year 2018/19 Exchanging 11 point understanding with local governments and NRA officials in 2018 in Kavrepalanchok in the presence of NRA CEO Gyewali.
NRA CEO, Er. Sushil Gyewali, signing agreement with Banks A glimpse of Seminar on Private housing reconstrution and financial institutions 53
CLPIU GMaLI director Er. Ganesh Raj Osti, delivering speech Then Joint Secretary Purna Chandra Bhattarai, Ministry of in an annual progress review seminar. Federal Affairs and Local Development (MoFALD) officers observing earthquake reconstruction in Chhengdu city China in December 2015
Then Joint Secretary Purna Chandra Bhattarai leading the Orientation and review session in the participation of Local team for observation visit to China in December 2015 level in earthquake reconstruction in Putalibazar, Syangja.
NRA executive member (Former Secretary of GoN) Dhruba CLPIU GMaLI Director Er. Ganesh Raj Osti receiving Prasad Sharma leading the team in Tanahun in review certificates from Course coordinator in ODA loan Seminar in and orientation program and signing MoU with local December 2016 in Tokyo, Japan governments 54 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Er. Ganesh Raj Osti (CLPIU GMaLI-Director) presenting paper Group photo of participants after the conclusion of ODA in ODA Loan Seminar in Tokyo, Japan in December 2016 Loan seminar in Japan in December 2016, organized by JICA.
Senior Divisional Engineer Er. Narayan Prasad Shrestha in Er. Narayan Prasad shrestha with visiting team members to Environmental and Social Safeguard training Newzealand to exchange reconstruction experiences.
Senior Divisional Engineer Er. Narayan Prasad Shrestha, CLPIUs Team, DLPIUs Team and Focal Engineers after Under Secretaries Manohar Ghimire and Pravin Dhakal Preparation of District Level Action Plan. in Newzealand for the exchange of knowledge and experiences based on reconstruction 55
Then Senior Divisional Engineer Er. Amrit Shrestha attending Farewell program of then Senior Divisional Engineer Er. a Fourth World Reconstruction Conference in Geneva, Amrit Shrestha Switzerland.
Under Secretary (Account) Hiralal Bhandari attending an Farewell program for Senior Divisional Engineer Er. Nirmal International Program on Procurement Procedures for the Darshan Acharya World Bank Aided Projects related Training in Hyderabad, India.
Team leader Er. Udaya Thakur, Social Development Engineer Sushma Chaudhary taking part in an exposure visit Specialist, Chandrakanta Laudari, Er. Sushma Chaudhary of Earthquake reconstruction in Pakistan. etc monitoring Safeguard program 56 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Yearly progress review programme, Dhulikhel, Kavrepalanchowk
A glimpse of picnic entertained with a short quiz contest in Changu Narayan in 2021
A glimpse of Picnic events 57
Constructing Private House of Khim Bahadur Khatri (R-46-12-3-0-0021), Dhurkot-3, Gulmi
Lukarban Khola Bridge (25m span), Baglung 58 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction
Sishuwa-Polyngtar Road (16.2 km), Rupa Rural Municipality, Kaski
Namo Buddha (Baudha Meditation & Teaching Center) Chumnubri-2, Gorkha 59
CLPIU GMaLI Premises, Jwagal, Lalitpur
Thank you! 60 Gorkha Earthquake 2015, Some Glimpses of Reconstruction