DOCUMENT RESUME ED 076 488 SO 005 915 TITLE Near East and North'africa: a Selected Functional and INSTITUTION Foreign Service (D
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Fish and Fishing
CHAPTER TWELVE Fish and Fishing D.T. Potts 1 Introduction The benefi ts of fi sh in the human diet have long been recognized. With an average protein content of 18 – 22 percent and other important elements (essential amino acids, calcium, fl ourine, iodine, iron, phosphorus; Vitamins A, B, and D), fi sh have been an important component of the low - protein, high - carbohydrate diets that have been common in the Near East throughout the pre - Modern era (Englund 1990 : 7 n33; see in general Van Neer 1994 ). Nowadays, the benefi ts of Omega 3 fatty acids in fi sh oil are promoted for their ability to help the body combat everything from Alzheimer ’ s disease to cancer, ulcers, and many more affl ictions. Nevertheless, considering the fact that the region dealt with in this volume contains long stretches of shoreline on at least seven seas (Aegean, Medi- terranean, Black, Red, Caspian and Arabian Seas, and the Persian Gulf), as well as a number of major rivers (Tigris, Euphrates, Karun, Orontes, Khabur, Balikh, Jordan, Greater Zab) and lakes (e.g., Lake Kinneret, Lake Van, Lake Parishan, Hamun - e Helmand), not to mention thousands of manmade irrigation canals, neither freshwater nor saltwater fi sh in Near Eastern antiquity have received the attention that they deserve. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a broad overview of a number of issues associated with fi sh. Topics discussed below include fi sh remains in archaeological contexts; evidence of fi shing sites; fi shing techniques and equipment; written sources on the organization of fi shing; fi sh preparation for consumption and the dietary contribution of fi sh in antiquity; A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, First Edition. -
Saudi Arabia.Pdf
A saudi man with his horse Performance of Al Ardha, the Saudi national dance in Riyadh Flickr / Charles Roffey Flickr / Abraham Puthoor SAUDI ARABIA Dec. 2019 Table of Contents Chapter 1 | Geography . 6 Introduction . 6 Geographical Divisions . 7 Asir, the Southern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �7 Rub al-Khali and the Southern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �8 Hejaz, the Western Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �8 Nejd, the Central Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 The Eastern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 Topographical Divisions . .. 9 Deserts and Mountains � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 Climate . .. 10 Bodies of Water . 11 Red Sea � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Persian Gulf � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Wadis � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Major Cities . 12 Riyadh � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �12 Jeddah � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �13 Mecca � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � -
Israeli–Palestinian Peacemaking January 2019 Middle East and North the Role of the Arab States Africa Programme
Briefing Israeli–Palestinian Peacemaking January 2019 Middle East and North The Role of the Arab States Africa Programme Yossi Mekelberg Summary and Greg Shapland • The positions of several Arab states towards Israel have evolved greatly in the past 50 years. Four of these states in particular – Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the UAE and (to a lesser extent) Jordan – could be influential in shaping the course of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. • In addition to Egypt and Jordan (which have signed peace treaties with Israel), Saudi Arabia and the UAE, among other Gulf states, now have extensive – albeit discreet – dealings with Israel. • This evolution has created a new situation in the region, with these Arab states now having considerable potential influence over the Israelis and Palestinians. It also has implications for US positions and policy. So far, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the UAE and Jordan have chosen not to test what this influence could achieve. • One reason for the inactivity to date may be disenchantment with the Palestinians and their cause, including the inability of Palestinian leaders to unite to promote it. However, ignoring Palestinian concerns will not bring about a resolution of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, which will continue to add to instability in the region. If Arab leaders see regional stability as being in their countries’ interests, they should be trying to shape any eventual peace plan advanced by the administration of US President Donald Trump in such a way that it forms a framework for negotiations that both Israeli and Palestinian leaderships can accept. Israeli–Palestinian Peacemaking: The Role of the Arab States Introduction This briefing forms part of the Chatham House project, ‘Israel–Palestine: Beyond the Stalemate’. -
Y-Chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation
The Genetic Structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island Populations: Y-chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation By Jasem Bader Theyab M.A., University of Kansas, 2010 Copyright 2013 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Anthropology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson, Dr. Michael H. Crawford ________________________________ Dr. Majid Hannoum ________________________________ Dr. Deborah Smith ________________________________ Dr. Bartholomew C. Dean ________________________________ Dr. John Kelly Date Defended: May 28, 2013 The Dissertation Committee for Jasem Bader Theyab certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: The Genetic Structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island Populations: Y-chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation ________________________________ Chairperson, Dr. Michael H. Crawford Date approved: May 31, 2013 ii Abstract Recent studies applying multidisciplinary approaches suggest that the Anatomically Modern Homo sapiens (AMHS) passed through the Arabian Peninsula in their major diaspora out of Africa. The Arabian Peninsula is connected to three continents: Africa, Asia, and Europe. In addition to the major diaspora, the Arabian Peninsula has witnessed numerous migrations among the three continents. The populations of the Arabian Peninsula have been investigated to better understand their evolutionary history. This dissertation investigated the paternal genetic structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island populations using 15 loci Y-STR data. In addition, the maternal genetic structure of Failaka Island has been investigated using mtDNA HVS-I sequence data. This is the first genetic study to characterize Failaka Island population. The result showed that the Kuwaiti population has a high frequency of Y- haplogroup J1 (37%) similar to other Arabian populations. -
Donald Trump, the Changes: Aanti
Ethnic and Racial Studies ISSN: 0141-9870 (Print) 1466-4356 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rers20 Donald Trump, the anti-Muslim far right and the new conservative revolution Ed Pertwee To cite this article: Ed Pertwee (2020): Donald Trump, the anti-Muslim far right and the new conservative revolution, Ethnic and Racial Studies, DOI: 10.1080/01419870.2020.1749688 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2020.1749688 © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group Published online: 17 Apr 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 193 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rers20 ETHNIC AND RACIAL STUDIES https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2020.1749688 Donald Trump, the anti-Muslim far right and the new conservative revolution Ed Pertwee Department of Sociology, London School of Economics, London, UK ABSTRACT This article explores the “counter-jihad”, a transnational field of anti-Muslim political action that emerged in the mid-2000s, becoming a key tributary of the recent far- right insurgency and an important influence on the Trump presidency. The article draws on thematic analysis of content from counter-jihad websites and interviews with movement activists, sympathizers and opponents, in order to characterize the counter-jihad’s organizational infrastructure and political discourse and to theorize its relationship to fascism and other far-right tendencies. Although the political discourses of the counter-jihad, Trumpian Republicanism and the avowedly racist “Alt-Right” are not identical, I argue that all three tendencies share a common, counterrevolutionary temporal structure. -
ISRAELI TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE to AFRICA a Thesis ,Presented In
ISRAELI TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO AFRICA A Thesis ,Presented in Partial Fulfill.rn.ent of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts }f y Elton Roger Trent, B.A. and B.S. in Ed. The Ohio State University 196L Approved by FOREWARD I became interested in the problems of underdeveloped nations .and territories in the course, Africa and the Western World in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, given by Professor Lowell Ragatz, and pursued the subject fu:".'ther in The Middle East Since 1914, taught by Professor Sydney Fisher. At the latter 1 s suggestion, I began searching for materials on Israel 1 s tech~ical assistance to Africa and became much engrossed in it. When one reads widely on this subject, several questions come to mind. Why, for example, did Israel, a small, newly inde pendent nation, offer assistance to tbs new nations and territories of Africa? On the other hand, why did such African nations accept this aid so readily? What were the reactions of the Arab nations? Of the West? Of the Sino-Soviet Bloc? Of underdeveloped nations in general? Of Israel? What will be Israel's future in "Black Africa"? Data will be presented and conclusions drawn in answer to each of these questions. November JO, 1964 Elton R. Trent ii CONTEN'l'S Page FOREWARD . ii Chapter I THE HISTORICAL B~CKGRODND . 1 II A MISSION OF GOODWILL • • . 28 III HOMA.NISM OR Jl1PERIALISM ? . 56 CONCLUSIONS •• . 81 APPENDIX . • • . 93 BIBLIOOMPHY . .. 95 if t CR<\.PTER I The Historical Background In order properly to understand present Israeli assistance to the newly-independent African states, it is necessary to trace the his torical development of the Jewish and African nations and to sketch some of the major problems encountered by each. -
Curriculum Vitae
BOSTON COLLEGE CURRICULUM VITAE Franck Salameh Professor of Near Eastern Studies Department Chair Department of Slavic and Eastern Languages and Literatures Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations Lyons Hall 210 140 Commonwealth Avenue Chestnut Hill, MA. 02467-3804 Office: 617-552-3915 Fax: 617-552-3913 [email protected] EDUCATION Ph.D. Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. 2004 Department of Near Eastern and Judaic Studies Field: Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies, History of Ideas and Political Thought in the Modern Middle East. Dissertation: Inventing Lebanon; Lebanonism in the Poetry and Thought of Saïd Akl. Advisor: Avigdor Levy Committee: Avigdor Levy, Itzhak Nakkash, Walid Phares M.A. Boston University, Boston, MA. 1996 Department of International Relations Field: Modern Middle East and Civil Society. Thesis: Islam, Ethnicity, and the Question of Minorities in the Middle East; The Case of Greek Orthodox and Maronites. Advisor: Augustus Richard Norton Committee: Agustus Richard Norton, Farhang Mehr, Uri Ra’anan 1 B.A. University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL. 1986 Department of Political Science Concentration: Latin American Studies, Minor in French Literature. Baccalauréat Collège Saint-Joseph, Antoura, Mount-Lebanon. 1981 Baccalauréat d’Études Secondaires French and Arabic Literature, Séction Philosophie, (Série A), Concentration: Philosophy, and French & Arabic Belles Lettres. ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS 2004-Present Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA Department of Slavic and Eastern Languages and Literatures & Program in Near Eastern Languages -
Arabian Peninsula from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Jump to Navigationjump to Search "Arabia" and "Arabian" Redirect Here
Arabian Peninsula From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search "Arabia" and "Arabian" redirect here. For other uses, see Arabia (disambiguation) and Arabian (disambiguation). Arabian Peninsula Area 3.2 million km2 (1.25 million mi²) Population 77,983,936 Demonym Arabian Countries Saudi Arabia Yemen Oman United Arab Emirates Kuwait Qatar Bahrain -shibhu l-jazīrati l ِش ْبهُ ا ْل َج ِزي َرةِ ا ْلعَ َربِيَّة :The Arabian Peninsula, or simply Arabia[1] (/əˈreɪbiə/; Arabic jazīratu l-ʿarab, 'Island of the Arabs'),[2] is َج ِزي َرةُ ا ْلعَ َرب ʿarabiyyah, 'Arabian peninsula' or a peninsula of Western Asia situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian plate. From a geographical perspective, it is considered a subcontinent of Asia.[3] It is the largest peninsula in the world, at 3,237,500 km2 (1,250,000 sq mi).[4][5][6][7][8] The peninsula consists of the countries Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.[9] The peninsula formed as a result of the rifting of the Red Sea between 56 and 23 million years ago, and is bordered by the Red Sea to the west and southwest, the Persian Gulf to the northeast, the Levant to the north and the Indian Ocean to the southeast. The peninsula plays a critical geopolitical role in the Arab world due to its vast reserves of oil and natural gas. The most populous cities on the Arabian Peninsula are Riyadh, Dubai, Jeddah, Abu Dhabi, Doha, Kuwait City, Sanaʽa, and Mecca. Before the modern era, it was divided into four distinct regions: Red Sea Coast (Tihamah), Central Plateau (Al-Yamama), Indian Ocean Coast (Hadhramaut) and Persian Gulf Coast (Al-Bahrain). -
General: Anonymous. Periplus Maris Erythraei (Or 'Voyage Around The
General: Anonymous. Periplus Maris Erythraei (or ‘Voyage around the Erythraean Sea’). L. Casson. The Periplus Maris Erythraei: Text with Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. Princeton (1989). Cosmas Indicopleustes. Christian Topography. Boivin, N., Blench, R., & Fuller, D. (2009). Archaeological, linguistic and historical sources on ancient seafaring: A multidisciplinary approach to the study of early maritime contact and exchange in the Arabian Peninsula. In M. Petraglia & J. Rose (Eds.), The evolution of human populations in Arabia (pp. 251–278). New York: Springer. S. Faller. "The World According to Cosmas Indicopleustes—Concepts and Illustrations of an Alexandrian Merchant and Monk." M. P. Fitzpatrick. "Provincializing Rome: The Indian Ocean Trade Network and Roman Imperialism." Journal of World History 22 (2011): 27–54. S. Sidebotham. "The Red Sea and Indian Ocean in the Age of the Great Empires." In A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, ed. D. Potts, 1041-1059. (2012). Week One: Roman Egypt and Late Antique Egypt K. Damgaard, "A Palestinian Red Sea Port on the Egyptian Road to Arabia: Early Islamic Aqaba and its Many Hinterlands." In L. Blue – J. Cooper – R. Thomas – J. Whitewright (eds.), Connected Hinterlands: Proceedings of the Red Sea Project IV Held at the University of Southampton, September 2008, 85-98. Oxford (2009). S. Sidebotham. "Trade in Roman Berenike." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011), 221–258. S. Sidebotham. "Other Emporia." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route, 175-194. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011). J. Whitewright. "The Ships and Shipping of Indo-Roman Trade: A View from Egyptian Red Sea Ports." Herom 6 (2017): 137-172. -
Efraim Karsh
EFRAIM KARSH Contact: [email protected]; [email protected] PRESENT POSITIONS Professor of Middle East and Mediterranean Studies, King’s College London, since 1996. Personal website Professor of Political Studies, Bar-Ilan University, since 2013 Senior Research Associate, Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University, since 2013 Principal Research Fellow, Middle East Forum, Philadelphia, since 2013 PREVIOUS POSITIONS Director, Middle East Forum, Philadelphia, 2011-12 Founding Director, Middle East & Mediterranean Studies Program, King’s College London, 1994-2010: Offers research and teaching on the history, politics, economics and international relations of the Middle East and Mediterranean at postgraduate level. Currently includes 9 fulltime members of staff, 6 visiting fellows, and over 120 students. Reader (Associate Professor) in War Studies, King’s College London, 1992-96 Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in War Studies, King’s College London, 1989-92 Senior Research Fellow, Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel-Aviv University, 1984- 89 Lecturer (Assistant Professor) in Political Science, Tel-Aviv University, 1986-89 Director of Studies in International Relations, Israel’s Open University, 1982-85 Intelligence Analyst, Israel Defense Forces (IDF), attained rank of Major, 1974-81 VISITING POSITIONS First Nachshon Visiting Professor in Israel Studies, Harvard University, Fall Semester 2003 Starr Fellow in Jewish Studies, Harvard University, Spring Semester 2003 Visiting Professor, Universite Assas -
UNRWA Resists Resettlement by Alex Joffe
UNRWA Resists Resettlement by Alex Joffe he Palestinian refugee problem lies at the heart of the Arab-Israeli conflict. But since the 1960s, the international institution charged with aiding the refugees, T the U.N. Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), has resisted their resettlement in the Arab host countries. It has done so by shifting to an educational mission, devising expansive redefinitions of who a refugee is, and expanding its legal mandates to “protect” and represent refugees. As a result, a well-intended international relief effort has been progressively undone by the vagueness of its mandate, which allowed UNRWA to bend to the will of the U.N. General Assembly and be taken over by its own charges and by the bureaucratic imperative of institutional survival. 194 have been used by the Palestinians and their REINTEGRATION: international champions as proof of a U.N.-sanc- A SHORT HISTORY tioned “right of return.”3 But UNRWA was founded “without prejudice to the provisions of The idea of resettlement was implicitly en- paragraph 11 of General Assembly resolution 194 coded into UNRWA through U.N. General As- (III),”4 and during its early stages, attempted to sembly (UNGA) resolution 194 (III) of December avoid the appearance of prejudice toward either 11, 1948, which stated that “refugees wishing to repatriation or compensation and resettlement. return to their homes and live at peace with their But as prevailing interpretations of resolution 194 neighbours should be permitted to do so at the have changed, so too has UNRWA. -
Islamophobic Groups Attacking Humanitarian, Peacebuilding Groups and Human Rights Defenders
700 12th Street Suite 700 Washington, DC 20005 +1 (202) 481 6927 Islamophobic Groups Attacking Humanitarian, Peacebuilding Groups and Human Rights Defenders February 2020 In recent years, two U.S. organizations have conducted smear campaigns against charities and human rights groups that appear intended to shut down or limit humanitarian assistance, peacebuilding and human rights advocacy by or on behalf of Muslim communities. They target groups working in places with large Muslim populations, including Palestine and south Asia. Their work has been used to fuel “lawfare” attacks in the U.S. and abroad by groups such as the Zionist Advocacy Center. Middle East Forum (MEF) The Middle East Forum (MEF), founded in 1990 by Daniel Pipes, is described as a conservative think tank. It purportedly “promotes American interests in the Middle East and protects Western values from Middle Eastern threats.”1 It became a nonprofit organization in 1994. It publishes the Middle East Quarterly and the Middle East Intelligence Bulletin and runs several projects, including Campus Watch, Islamist Watch, among others.2 The Bridge Initiative at Georgetown University has conducted a thorough analysis of MEF.3 It says: “The Middle East Forum is a right-wing anti-Islam think tank that spreads misinformation, creates ‘watchlists’ targeting academics, and advocates hawkish foreign policy. MEF provides funding to numerous anti-Muslim organizations and has provided legal services to a number of anti-Muslim activists including Geert Wilders and Tommy Robinson.” In 2017, a British court ordered Sam Westrop, now director of MEF’s Islamist Watch project, to pay £140,000 in libel damages after finding that he falsely alleged that Mohammed Ali Harrath, CEO and founder of the Islam Channel, was guilty of terrorism.4 Since then, MEF has attempted to disrupt funding to a large Muslim charity in the UK, in the form of a U.S.