2015 BJCP Beer Style Guidelines

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

2015 BJCP Beer Style Guidelines BEER JUDGE CERTIFICATION PROGRAM 2015 STYLE GUIDELINES Beer Style Guidelines Copyright © 2015, BJCP, Inc. The BJCP grants the right to make copies for use in BJCP-sanctioned competitions or for educational/judge training purposes. All other rights reserved. Updates available at www.bjcp.org. Edited by Gordon Strong with Kristen England Past Guideline Analysis: Don Blake, Agatha Feltus, Tom Fitzpatrick, Mark Linsner, Jamil Zainasheff New Style Contributions: Drew Beechum, Craig Belanger, Dibbs Harting, Antony Hayes, Ben Jankowski, Andew Korty, Larry Nadeau, William Shawn Scott, Ron Smith, Lachlan Strong, Peter Symons, Michael Tonsmeire, Mike Winnie, Tony Wheeler Review and Commentary: Ray Daniels, Roger Deschner, Rick Garvin, Jan Grmela, Bob Hall, Stan Hieronymus, Marek Mahut, Ron Pattinson, Steve Piatz, Evan Rail, Nathan Smith,Petra and Michal Vřes Final Review: Brian Eichhorn, Agatha Feltus, Dennis Mitchell, Michael Wilcox TABLE OF CONTENTS 5B. Kölsch ...................................................................... 8 INTRODUCTION TO THE 2015 GUIDELINES............................. IV 5C. German Helles Exportbier ...................................... 9 Styles and Categories .................................................... iv 5D. German Pils ............................................................ 9 Naming of Styles and Categories ................................. iv Using the Style Guidelines ............................................ v 6. AMBER MALTY EUROPEAN LAGER .................................... 10 Format of a Style Description ...................................... vi 6A. Märzen .................................................................. 10 Style Description Language ......................................... vii 6B. Rauchbier .............................................................. 10 6C. Dunkles Bock ......................................................... 11 INTRODUCTION TO BEER STYLES ........................................ VIII Basic Categorization ................................................... viii 7. AMBER BITTER EUROPEAN BEER ...................................... 12 Common Attributes of All Beer Styles ....................... viii 7A. Vienna Lager ......................................................... 12 Glossary ........................................................................ ix 7B. Altbier .................................................................... 12 Hop Terms ................................................................. ix 7C. Kellerbier ............................................................... 13 Malt or Mashing Terms ............................................. ix Kellerbier: Pale Kellerbier ........................................ 13 Yeast or Fermentation Terms ................................... ix Kellerbier: Amber Kellerbier .................................... 14 Quality or Off-Flavor Terms ...................................... ix 8. DARK EUROPEAN LAGER .................................................. 14 Appearance Terms ...................................................... x 8A. Munich Dunkel ..................................................... 14 Color Reference ............................................................. x 8B. Schwarzbier ........................................................... 15 Style Organization ......................................................... x Style Tag Reference ...................................................... xi 9. STRONG EUROPEAN BEER ................................................ 16 9A. Doppelbock ........................................................... 16 1. STANDARD AMERICAN BEER ............................................... 1 9B. Eisbock .................................................................. 16 1A. American Light Lager .............................................. 1 9C. Baltic Porter .......................................................... 17 1B. American Lager ....................................................... 1 1C. Cream Ale ................................................................ 1 10. GERMAN WHEAT BEER .................................................. 17 1D. American Wheat Beer ............................................. 2 10A. Weissbier ............................................................. 17 10B. Dunkles Weissbier ............................................... 18 2. INTERNATIONAL LAGER ..................................................... 3 10C. Weizenbock ......................................................... 18 2A. International Pale Lager ......................................... 3 2B. International Amber Lager ..................................... 3 11. BRITISH BITTER .............................................................. 19 2C. International Dark Lager ........................................ 4 11A. Ordinary Bitter ..................................................... 19 11B. Best Bitter ............................................................20 3. CZECH LAGER .................................................................... 4 11C. Strong Bitter .........................................................20 3A. Czech Pale Lager ..................................................... 4 3B. Czech Premium Pale Lager ..................................... 5 12. PALE COMMONWEALTH BEER ......................................... 21 3C. Czech Amber Lager ................................................. 5 12A. British Golden Ale ............................................... 21 3D. Czech Dark Lager .................................................... 6 12B. Australian Sparkling Ale ..................................... 21 12C. English IPA .......................................................... 22 4. PALE MALTY EUROPEAN LAGER ......................................... 6 4A. Munich Helles ......................................................... 6 13. BROWN BRITISH BEER ................................................... 23 4B. Festbier .................................................................... 7 13A. Dark Mild ............................................................. 23 4C. Helles Bock .............................................................. 7 13B. British Brown Ale ................................................ 23 13C. English Porter ...................................................... 24 5. PALE BITTER EUROPEAN BEER ........................................... 8 5A. German Leichtbier .................................................. 8 BJCP Beer Style Guidelines – 2015 Edition i 14. SCOTTISH ALE ................................................................ 25 22. STRONG AMERICAN ALE................................................. 42 14A. Scottish Light ....................................................... 25 22A. Double IPA .......................................................... 42 14B. Scottish Heavy ..................................................... 25 22B. American Strong Ale ........................................... 42 14C. Scottish Export .................................................... 26 22C. American Barleywine .......................................... 43 22D. Wheatwine .......................................................... 44 15. IRISH BEER .................................................................... 26 15A. Irish Red Ale ........................................................ 26 23. EUROPEAN SOUR ALE .................................................... 44 15B. Irish Stout ............................................................ 27 23A. Berliner Weisse ................................................... 44 15C. Irish Extra Stout .................................................. 27 23B. Flanders Red Ale ................................................. 45 23C. Oud Bruin ............................................................ 45 16. DARK BRITISH BEER ...................................................... 28 23D. Lambic ................................................................ 46 16A. Sweet Stout .......................................................... 28 23E. Gueuze ................................................................. 47 16B. Oatmeal Stout ...................................................... 28 23F. Fruit Lambic ........................................................ 47 16C. Tropical Stout ...................................................... 29 16D. Foreign Extra Stout ............................................. 29 24. BELGIAN ALE ................................................................. 48 24A. Witbier ................................................................ 48 17. STRONG BRITISH ALE ..................................................... 30 24B. Belgian Pale Ale .................................................. 49 17A. British Strong Ale ................................................ 30 24C. Bière de Garde ..................................................... 49 17B. Old Ale ................................................................. 30 17C. Wee Heavy ........................................................... 31 25. STRONG BELGIAN ALE ................................................... 50 17D. English Barleywine .............................................. 32 25A. Belgian Blond Ale ................................................ 50 25B. Saison .................................................................. 50 18. PALE AMERICAN ALE.....................................................
Recommended publications
  • ULTIMATE ALMANAG WORLD BEER RECIPES Barrh-Haasgulll
    The ULTIMATEALMANAG of WORLDBEER RECIPES A PracticalGuide for the ProfessionalBrewer to the World'sGlassic Beer Styles from Ato Z by HorstDornbusch with Sponsorship& TechnicalEdits by .r(ail- BARrH-HAAsGUlll{w Publishedby CerevisiaCommunications P.O.Box 719 WestNewburV, MA 01985 USA Copyright@ Horst Dornbusch, 2010 All rightsreserved. Without limiting the rightsunder the copyrightreserved above, nopart ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in or introducedinto a retrievalsystem, or transmitted,in anyform or by anymeans (electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, or otherwise),without the priorwritten permissionof the copyrightowner of thisbook, at the addressabove, except by a reviewerwho mayquote brief passages in a review. Printedin Bamberg,Germany SBN:978-0,9844449-0-8 L0987654327 fSB N : 978-0-98 44449 -O-8 ||ilililililil|]ilil|ltililriltiilfl Disclaimer:The recipes in thisbook are based on the author'sand technical editors'combined international brewing experience stretching over several decades.They have also benefitedfrom the technicalexpertise and resourcesavailable within the three sponsorcompanies, the Barth-Haas Group,SCHULZ Brew Systems, and the Weyermann@Malting Company. The recipesare thoroughlyresearched to ensuretheir authenticity.However, becauseclassic beer styles have evolved as part of the livingbrewing past, the authorand technical editors freely and cheerfully admit that theremay be other equallylegitimate interpretations of the brew-historicalrecord. Therefore,style specifications, appropriate ingredients,
    [Show full text]
  • Grub Split Greens
    GREENS GRILLED CHICKEN AND BEETS SALAD - $10.95 Zero in on this uniquely-served Apple, Baby Spinach, Crumbled Goat Cheese and Pecan Salad with Strawberry Vinaigrette CLASSIC CAESAR SALAD - $10.95 Crisp Romaine Heart, Garlic Croutons, Shaved Parmigiano Reggiano, Creamy Caesar Dressing ORZO PASTA SALAD - $11.95 Turkey, Spinach, Basil, Cremini Mushrooms, Sun Dried Tomato, Chick Peas, Herbed Vinaigrette SUNSHINE SALAD - $11.95 Kale, Spinach, Red Pepper, Cucumber, Cherry Tomato, Green Beans, Carrots, Radish, Blueberry, Sunflower Seeds, Citrus Vinaigrette SPLIT PRETZEL STICK - $10.95 Fresh Baked Pretzel Served with Beer Cheese 7|10 LAYERS DIP - $12.95 Pick up this Seven-Layer Split! Refried Beans, Guacamole, Sour Cream, Salsa, Shredded Cheddar Cheese, Tomato, Black Olives and Green Onions layered up fresh and served with Tortilla Chips. SMOKED CHICKEN WINGS - $13.95 Buffalo Sauce, BBQ-Ranch, Sriracha Ketchup, Celery stick SIDEWINDER GARLIC & PARMESAN FRIES - $6.95 Wind your way into this delicious dish! Crispy French Fry Curls seasoned with our signature Garlic and Parmesan blend GRUB TATER TOTS WAFFLE SANDWICH - $14.95 No boring bread here. We smash Tater Tots on a waffle iron and sandwich in Italian-imported Rosemary Ham and Swiss Cheese then smother the whole thing in Beer Cheese. ALABAMA SMOKE - $11.95 Just as good as a turkey on the lanes! Dig into Smoked Turkey, Alabama White BBQ Sauce, Balsamic Onion Jam, Pickles, Bacon, Cheddar Cheese, Lettuce and Tomato on a Ciabatta Bun. Served with a side of Coleslaw. “THE BELLY STACK” - $14.95 Get this stack in your belly! Piles of Smoked Pulled Pork and Prime Brisket of Beef with Chipotle Aioli and Baby Spinach, served on a Ciabatta Roll.
    [Show full text]
  • Alternative Fermentations
    the best of ® ALTERNATIVE FERMENTATIONS Please note all file contents are Copyright © 2021 Battenkill Communications, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This file is for the buyer’s personal use only. It’s unlawful to share or distribute this file to others in any way including e-mailing it, posting it online, or sharing printed copies with others. MAKING MEAD BY BRAD SMITH ead, which is a fermented beverage made from honey, is one of the oldest alcoholic M beverages. Vessels found in China dating back to 7000 B.C. have organic compounds consistent with fermented honey and rice. Mead was the revered “nectar of the gods” in ancient Greece and the “drink of kings” throughout history, though it has faded to obscurity in modern times. For homebrewers, mead is a great addition to complement your other fermented offerings. Many of your guests may have never tasted a good quality mead or melomel (fruit mead), but almost everyone enjoys this sweet beverage. Using some modern methods, mead is also relatively easy and quick to make, and you can use equipment you already have on hand for homebrewing. MODERN MEADMAKING TECHNIQUES When I started homebrewing back in 1987, the fermentation of mead was a very slow process, taking 12 to 18 Photo by Charles A. Parker/Images Plus Parker/Images A. Charles by Photo months for a mead to fully ferment and age. Honey has antibacterial it highlights the flavor of the honey country may have additional variants. properties and is poor in nutrients, varietal itself. In the US, a lot of honey production particularly nitrogen, resulting in a The variety of honey and strength is still done by small, independent very slow fermentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Winners by Brewery
    10 Barrel Brewing Co Boise Medal Entry Category Bronze All American Brown 9C - American-Style Brown Ale Bronze Cynical 9F - Cascadian Style Dark Ale 10 Barrel Brewing Company -Bend Medal Entry Category Gold Joe 7D - American-Style India Pale Ale Silver German Sparkle Party 11A - Berliner-Style Weisse Silver Cucumber Crush 17C - Vegetable or Field Beers Bronze Californication 15A - California Common 10 Barrel Brewing-Portland Medal Entry Category Silver Ginger Saison 17E - Herbed/Spiced Alaskan Brewing Company Medal Entry Category Bronze Smoked Porter 16B - Smoke-Flavored Beer Altitude Chophouse and Brewery Medal Entry Category Gold Looking Glass 10B - English-Style Old Ale Angry Hanks Medal Entry Category Silver Frost killer 8F - Scottish-Style Export Angry Orchard Cider Company Medal Entry Category Gold Angry Orchard Cinnful Apple 19C - Specialty (Flavored) Ciders Silver Angry Orchard Ginger 19C - Specialty (Flavored) Ciders Bronze Angry Orchard Muse 19C - Specialty (Flavored) Ciders Anheuser-Busch, LLC Medal Entry Category Gold Michelob Ultra 1A - American-Style Light (Low-Calorie) Lager Gold Landshark 1C - Latin American- or Tropical-Style Lager Gold Bud Ice 1D - American-Style Malt Liquor or Ice Lager Gold Busch Signature 3A - American-Style Amber Lager Gold Busch NA 14 - Non-Alcoholic Beers, Lager or Ale Bronze Montejo 1C - Latin American- or Tropical-Style Lager Bronze Busch Ice 1D - American-Style Malt Liquor or Ice Lager Bronze Stella Artois Lager 2D - Dortmunder/Export Bronze Budweiser Black Crown 3A - American-Style Amber Lager
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Bayside Brewers Oktoberfest Homebrew
    2019 BAYSIDE BREWERS OKTOBERFEST HOMEBREW COMPETITION 12/10/2019 Champion Beer: Brett Tyrrell - Dunkels Bock 135.5pts - Bayside Brewers Champion Brewer: Greg Hicks 4pts (1 first / 1 third) - Bayside Brewers Best Novice: Leigh Fraser - Independent. CATEGORY 1 GERMAN WHEAT BEERS CATEGORY 3 GERMAN AMBER & DARK BEERS Judges: Braden Hammond, Andy McDermott, Michael Bowron, Judges: Craig Ditcham, Dan Eate, Shivam Tandon, Hugh Jenkins Edward Attenborough Steward: Chris Gill Steward: Brett Elliott Place Style Entrant Club Total Place Style Entrant Club Total 1st* Schwarzbier Matt Standfield Bayside Brewers 122 1st Gose Leigh Fraser Independent 123 2nd Munich Dunkel Braden Hammond Bayside Brewers 122 2nd Berliner Weisse Shannon Brooks Merri Mashers 112 3rd Altbier Nathan Dawes Way out West HBC 119 3rd Hefeweizen Chan-Sien Lay Bayside Brewers 109 4 Altbier Mark Connors Merri Mashers 118 4 Gose Bob Coley Independent 105 5 Marzen Dominic Tyley-Miller Independent 116 5 Hefeweizen Andrew Portbury Bayside Brewers 104 6 Munich Dunkel Mikko Pludra Bayside Brewers 114 6 Hefeweizen Hugh Jenkins Bayside Brewers 103 7 Munich Dunkel Scott Svoboda Independent 113 7 Hefeweizen Craig Mochrie Independent 103 8 Altbier Andrew McDermott Bayside Brewers 112 8 Hefeweizen Jayson Smith Independent 102 9 Munich Dunkel Darren Zhou Melbourne Brewers 111 9 Dunkelweizen Darren Zhou Melbourne Brewers 102 10 Munich Dunkel Andrew Portbury Bayside Brewers 111 10 Dunkelweizen Louie Lim Independent 93 11 Marzen J Kingston Westgate Brewers 107 11 Hefeweizen Bob Coley Independent
    [Show full text]
  • Parkside Raleigh Menubuilder Print
    ON TAP Pilsners and Pale Lagers Deep River Cottontown Lager Fullsteam Paycheck Pils American Light Lager · Clayton, NC · 4.5% ABV German Pils · Durham, NC · 4.5% ABV Pint: 5 Pint: 6 Hi-Wire Old North Premium Lager Red Oak Amber Lager American Lager · Asheville, NC · 5.0% ABV American Lager · Whitsett, NC · 5.3% ABV Pint: 6 Pint: 6 Amber and Dark Lagers Founders Oktoberfest Märzen · Grand Rapids, MI · 6.0% ABV Wheat Beers Blue Moon Belgian White Lonerider Shotgun Betty Hefeweizen Witbier · Golden, CO · 5.4% ABV American Wheat Beer · Raleigh, NC · 5.8% ABV Pint: 5 Pint: 6 Van Steenberge Baptist Wit Wicked Weed Fresh Pressed (Mango, Pineapple & Witbier · Ertvelde, Belgium · 5.0% ABV Guava) Pint: 6 American Wheat Beer · Asheville, NC · 5.2% ABV Pint: 6 Blonde and Pale Ales Crank Arm Unicycle Pale Ale R&D Bull Durham Kolsch American Pale Ale · Raleigh, NC · 4.8% ABV Kölsch · Raleigh, NC · 5.2% ABV Pint: 6 Pint: 6 IPAs Foothills Festival Express Foothills Jade IPA Hazy IPA · Winston-Salem, NC · 5.7% ABV American IPA · Winston-Salem, NC · 7.4% ABV Pint: 6 Pint: 7 Hoof Hearted Tickling The Ivories Satulah Mountain Cullahaza IPA Vol. 5 American IPA · Marengo , OH · 7.8% ABV American IPA · Highlands, NC · 7.0% ABV Pint: 8 Pint: 6 Sycamore Mountain Candy American IPA · Charlotte, NC · 7.5% ABV Pint: 6 Porters and Stouts Crank Arm Holy Spokes Chocolate Habenaro Smoked Guinness Draught Porter Irish Stout · Dublin, Ireland · 4.2% ABV English Porter · Raleigh, NC · 5.6% ABV Imperial Pint: 6.50 Pint: 6 Oskar Blues Ten Fidy Imperial Stout Imperial Stout · Lyons, CO · 10.5% ABV 10oz: 5 Strong Ales Raleigh Hell Yes Ma'Am Belgian Golden Strong Ale · Raleigh, NC · 9.2% ABV Pint: 6 Sour and Fruit Beers Neuse River Pumpkin Latte Sour Stillwater Insetto sour ale w/ plum Fruit and Spice Beer · Raleigh, NC · 5.0% ABV Mixed-Fermentation Sour Beer · Baltimore, MD · 5.0% ABV 13oz: 7 13oz: 7 Ciders and Meads Bull City Ciderworks Off Main Common Cider · Durham, NC · 6.0% ABV Pint: 6 CANS Pilsners and Pale Lagers Bud Light Budweiser 12oz: 3.50 12oz: 3.50 American Light Lager · St.
    [Show full text]
  • BEVERAGE LIST BEVERAGE LIST Non-Alcoholic Beers Beverages O’Doul’S (USA)
    BEVERAGE LIST BEVERAGE LIST Non-Alcoholic Beers Beverages O’Doul’s (USA) ..........................................................................3.40 Lemonade, Iced Tea, Raspberry Iced Tea, Milk, Coke, Diet Coke, St. Pauli NA ................................................................................3.40 Squirt, 7-Up, Mellow Yellow, Orange, Ginger Ale, Tonic, Soda (Free Refills) – (To Go 1.25) ...............................................2.00 Sprecher Root Beer (12 oz.) ........................................................2.50 “I have never needed a beer so bad Sprecher Cream Soda (16 oz.) ....................................................2.50 in my entire life.” Hank Hill Hot Chocolate .............................................................................2.00 Juices: Orange, Grapefruit, Cranberry, Pineapple, Tomato, Apple ...........................................................2.00 Wines By The Glass Coffee, Hot Tea ...........................................................................2.00 Ginger Beer .................................................................................2.50 WINES FROM MICHIGAN Grand Traverse Select Sweet Harvest Riesling ........................7.00 “Work is the curse of the drinking classes.” Grand Traverse Semi Dry Riesling ............................................7.00 Oscar Wilde Grand Traverse Sweet Red .........................................................7.00 HOUSE WINES Beer List White Zinfandel, Cabernet, Chardonnay, Merlot, Shiraz Cabernet Blend ...............................................................7.00
    [Show full text]
  • Our Beers Bluebeard 5 Double Barrel Buckshot 5.5 Social 4.5
    Our Beers To-Go Today @ The Tap 32 oz. Growler $6+ - Live Trivia - 64 oz. Growler $10.5+ Tuesday & Wednesday @ 8:00 Flights Select 4 beers $7 On Tap Size Style Profile Bluebeard 5 Berliner Weisse A light-bodied German-style wheat beer with refreshing tart, acidic and lemony characteristics blended with blueberry to give this tart beer a touch of ABV: 4.0% berry aroma and flavor. IBU: 2 Double Barrel Buckshot 5.5 Smoked Roggenbier Our summer Indiana Bicentennial ale. The malts for this beer were sourced from Sugar Creek Malts in Lebanon, IN & feature plum wood smoked rye malt. ABV: 4.8% Soft caramel, rye spiciness, banana & sweet smoke. IBU: 16 Social 4.5 Blonde Lager A medium-light bodied Blonde Lager that features biscuity malt character and soft hop notes in the finish. An easy drinking American Lager. ABV: 4.8% IBU: 18 Brickyard 5 Vienna Lager A medium-bodied amber lager with fragrant malt aroma, slight sweetness and a clean, crisp finish. ABV: 4.8% IBU: 20 Tipsy Cow [Nitro] 5 Milk Stout Deep black, medium bodied with flavors of chocolate, espresso and mild sweetness. Served on nitro to enhance the creaminess of the lactose. ABV: 4.5% IBU: 24 Nefarious Nectar 5 Belgian Golden Ale Light in color and medium-bodied, but complex in flavor. Unique Belgian yeast imparts notes of white pepper, spice and sweet stone fruits. ABV: 9.2% IBU: 29 Experimental 5 American Pale Ale Classic APA with flavors of lemon, lime, tangerine, and hints of caramel malt. ABV: 5.5% IBU: 45 Bionic Dragon 5.5 American IPA Traditional American IPA packed with Waimea and Mosaic hops giving a tropical, citrus and floral aroma and flavor with assertive bitterness.
    [Show full text]
  • Profile STEPHEN PUGH ADNAMS
    PHOTOGRAPHER: ROGER HARRIS 20 profile THE TREASURER STEPHEN PUGH MAY 2007 MAY the issues Probing STEPHEN PETER WILLIAMS BREWING, THE PITFALLS OF HEDGING, AND OF HEDGING, PUGH GREEN R ADNAMS FD T ALKS ABOUT OOF T O S. profile STEPHEN PUGH tephen Pugh has been restructurings, gearing up and Finance Director at A taste of Adnams securitising debt and heavily Adnams for three and a leveraging their pub estate. A traditional brewer of classic English beer, Adnams has been in business half years. He joined the Inevitably, this has been partly for more than 130 years. With a turnover of £45m a year, based in the Scompany as a result of lunch with driven by private equity-type coastal resort of Southwold in Suffolk, the company owns around 80 pubs, a former colleague who told Pugh interest with, for instance, he had seen his next job mostly in East Anglia, as well as a couple of hotels in Southwold. A regional property tycoon Robert Tchenguiz advertised in The Financial Times. brewer, Adnams also has a long-established and thriving wine business, stalking Mitchells & Butlers. And Although he wasn’t looking to and recently opened a handful of cellar and kitchen stores. within the industry itself there is move, at 35 miles away the With more than 300 employees, Adnams has an important presence in hot discussion about whether or company was nearer Pugh’s the local economy. Finance Director Stephen Pugh says: “We are well when some brewers will turn Ipswich home. thought of in the local community and we work hard to ensure that view themselves into real estate “I wasn’t looking to move but I remains the case.” investment trusts (REITS).
    [Show full text]
  • Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020
    Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Nic Newman with Richard Fletcher, Anne Schulz, Simge Andı, and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Supported by Surveyed by © Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism / Digital News Report 2020 4 Contents Foreword by Rasmus Kleis Nielsen 5 3.15 Netherlands 76 Methodology 6 3.16 Norway 77 Authorship and Research Acknowledgements 7 3.17 Poland 78 3.18 Portugal 79 SECTION 1 3.19 Romania 80 Executive Summary and Key Findings by Nic Newman 9 3.20 Slovakia 81 3.21 Spain 82 SECTION 2 3.22 Sweden 83 Further Analysis and International Comparison 33 3.23 Switzerland 84 2.1 How and Why People are Paying for Online News 34 3.24 Turkey 85 2.2 The Resurgence and Importance of Email Newsletters 38 AMERICAS 2.3 How Do People Want the Media to Cover Politics? 42 3.25 United States 88 2.4 Global Turmoil in the Neighbourhood: 3.26 Argentina 89 Problems Mount for Regional and Local News 47 3.27 Brazil 90 2.5 How People Access News about Climate Change 52 3.28 Canada 91 3.29 Chile 92 SECTION 3 3.30 Mexico 93 Country and Market Data 59 ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE 3.31 Australia 96 3.01 United Kingdom 62 3.32 Hong Kong 97 3.02 Austria 63 3.33 Japan 98 3.03 Belgium 64 3.34 Malaysia 99 3.04 Bulgaria 65 3.35 Philippines 100 3.05 Croatia 66 3.36 Singapore 101 3.06 Czech Republic 67 3.37 South Korea 102 3.07 Denmark 68 3.38 Taiwan 103 3.08 Finland 69 AFRICA 3.09 France 70 3.39 Kenya 106 3.10 Germany 71 3.40 South Africa 107 3.11 Greece 72 3.12 Hungary 73 SECTION 4 3.13 Ireland 74 References and Selected Publications 109 3.14 Italy 75 4 / 5 Foreword Professor Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Director, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (RISJ) The coronavirus crisis is having a profound impact not just on Our main survey this year covered respondents in 40 markets, our health and our communities, but also on the news media.
    [Show full text]
  • 50 Achievements in Brewing Science and Technology in 350 Years – Part 1
    HISTORY | BRAUWELT INTERNATIONAL 50 achievements in brewing science and technology in 350 years – Part 1 FIRST 250 YEARS | Master brewers, brewery engineers and brew- used for lifting malt bags, driving the malt mill, water pumping and agitating ing scientists have over some 350 years contributed to the develop- a mash kettle. In 1795 it was converted ment of science of botany, biochemistry, laboratory instruments, from single-acting to double-acting, which increased the effect to some engineering and process technology in many ways, e.g. by techni- 35 hp. The steam engine was successful cal improvements, adopting new machinery and new processes. and used as a demonstration piece vis- ited by potential customers for Watt and Boulton, who became main producers MANY OF THESE ACHIEVEMENTS 2. A saccharometer (fig. 1) was used for of many steam engines in England. are well known and often quoted – others metering of wort gravity, known first It was innovative for its time and an less. This paper is an attempt to list 50 brew- example of breweries driving the early ing science achievements in a chronologi- industrial revolution, as it 1) used a cal order, and this mission can be debated, condenser, 2) had a double-acting pis- because some people will value machinery ton, 3) used a centrifugal governor for developments, others barley breeding pro- speed regulation and 4) used a sun and grams, others the resulting beers etc. planet gear to convert the reciprocating The yeast strain Saccharomyces Cerevi- motion of the beam into a rotating mo- siae was used for thousands of years in the tion.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 World Beer Cup Style Guidelines
    2018 WORLD BEER CUP® COMPETITION STYLE LIST, DESCRIPTIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS Category Name and Number, Subcategory: Name and Letter ...................................................... Page HYBRID/MIXED LAGERS OR ALES .....................................................................................................1 1. American-Style Wheat Beer .............................................................................................1 A. Subcategory: Light American Wheat Beer without Yeast .................................................1 B. Subcategory: Dark American Wheat Beer without Yeast .................................................1 2. American-Style Wheat Beer with Yeast ............................................................................1 A. Subcategory: Light American Wheat Beer with Yeast ......................................................1 B. Subcategory: Dark American Wheat Beer with Yeast ......................................................1 3. Fruit Beer ........................................................................................................................2 4. Fruit Wheat Beer .............................................................................................................2 5. Belgian-Style Fruit Beer....................................................................................................3 6. Pumpkin Beer ..................................................................................................................3 A. Subcategory: Pumpkin/Squash Beer ..............................................................................3
    [Show full text]