DOCSLIB.ORG

Medieval Worlds Comparative & Interdisciplinary Studies

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Medieval Worlds Comparative & Interdisciplinary Studies medieval worlds comparative & interdisciplinary studies No. 8/2018 medieval worlds comparative & interdisciplinary studies Volume 2018.8 Transcultural Contacts and Literary Exchanges medieval worlds comparative & interdisciplinary studies All rights reserved ISSN 2412-3196 Online Edition Media Owner: Institute for Medieval Research Copyright © 2018 by Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Cover design, layout: Anneke Gerloff Cover image: A fold out page from the ›Iskandar Horoscope‹, London, Wellcome MS Persian 474 (used under CC BY 4.0 / modified). Austrian Academy of Sciences Press Dr. Ignaz Seipel Platz 2, 1010 Vienna, Austria Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3402-3406 Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400 hw.oeaw.ac.at, verlag.oeaw.ac.at Editors Walter Pohl, Austrian Academy of Sciences/University of Vienna Andre Gingrich, Austrian Academy of Sciences/University of Vienna Editorial Board Maximilian Diesenberger, Austrian Academy of Sciences Christian Gastgeber, Austrian Academy of Sciences Johann Heiss, Austrian Academy of Sciences Nina Mirnig, Austrian Academy of Sciences Claudia Rapp, Austrian Academy of Sciences/University of Vienna Helmut Reimitz, Princeton University Irene van Renswoude, Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands/ Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Pavlína Rychterová, Austrian Academy of Sciences Celine Wawruschka, Danube University Krems Veronika Wieser, Austrian Academy of Sciences International Advisory Board Glenn Bowman , University of Kent Sabrina Corbellini, University of Groningen Mayke de Jong, Utrecht University Nicola di Cosmo, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton Stefan Esders, Free University of Berlin Patrick Geary, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton John Haldon, Princeton University William C. Jordan, Princeton University Osamu Kano, Nagoya University Hugh Kennedy, SOAS, University of London Gábor Klaniczay, Central European University Elisabeth Lambourn, De Montfort University Leicester Eduardo Manzano, Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales (CSIC) Lars Boje Mortensen, University of Southern Denmark Marina Rustow, John Hopkins University Dittmar Schorkowitz, Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology Teresa Shawcross, Princeton University Naomi Standen, University of Birmingham John Tolan, University of Nantes Przemysław Urbańczyk, Polish Academy of Sciences Dan Varisco, University of Bonn Luo Xin, Peking University Journal Management Ingrid Hartl Homepage www.medievalworlds.net Table of Contents Editor’s Preface 2 Walter Pohl and Ingrid Hartl World Literature is Trans-Imperial: A Medieval and a Modern Approach 3 Christian Høgel The Global Eminent Life: Sixth-Century Collected Biographies from Gregory of Tours 22 to Huijiao of Jiaxiang Temple James T. Palmer The Aristotle of Pippin III. Greek Books Sent to the Frankish Court (ca. 758 AD) 42 Christian Gastgeber Biblical Elements and the ›Other‹ in the Chronicon regum Legionensium 66 Patrick S. Marschner »The messenger is the place of a man’s judgment«: 86 Diplomacy between Emperors and Caliphs in the Tenth Century Courtney Luckhardt The Geopolitics on the Silk Road: Resurveying the Relationship of the Western Türks 109 with Byzantium through Their Diplomatic Communications Li Qiang and Stefanos Kordosis Project reports Dynamics in Buddhist Transfer in Eastern Central Asia 6th-14th Centuries: A Project Report 126 BuddhistRoad Team Mobility, Empire and Cross-Cultural Contacts in Mongol Eurasia (MONGOL) 135 Michal Biran Greek into Arabic. Philosophical Concepts and Linguistic Bridges 155 Cristina D’Ancona, Gerhard Endress and Andrea Bozzi Writing the History of Aristotelian Logic During the Long Ninth Century 162 Christophe Erismann The THESIS Project 170 Monica Brinzei Origins of the Vernacular Mode: Medieval Theology, Politics and Religious Identities 179 Pavlína Rychterová eISSN-Nr. 2412-3196 DOI 10.1553/medievalworlds_no8_2018s1 medieval worlds • No. 8 • 2018 • 1 2 Editor’s Preface Walter Pohl and Ingrid Hartl Engaging in comparative history is a process which involves challenging one’s own research traditions, well established in decades of scholarly discussion, and at the same time facing those of other disciplines, equally deep-rooted. Our journal aims to promote forming inter- disciplinary connections and we are very happy to present such contributions to a global perspective in this issue. Medieval Worlds 8 follows a strong interest in recent submissions in dealing with transcultural and diplomatic contacts and with intellectual and literary ex- changes. In World Literature is Trans-Imperial, a new axis of comparison for ›trans-imperial‹ texts is explored. Literary concepts are viewed from a different comparative angle in The Global Eminent Life, where sixth-century biographical collections and their organisational contexts from different world regions are analysed. The contents and purpose of a list of Greek books at Pippin III’s court are critically re-examined in The Aristotle of Pippin III. Biblical and transcultural elements in an almost forgotten text from the twelfth-century Iberian Peninsu- la are presented in Biblical Elements and the ›Other‹ in the Chronicon regum Legionensium. In the later sixth century, a number of exceptional diplomatic exchanges between Turkic and Byzantine rulers took place. Embassies between the Muslim and Byzantine courts are also quite well documented in the tenth century. Both cases provide unusual insights into long- range imperial power politics and cultural encounters in early medieval Eurasia (The Geo- politics on the Silk Road, Diplomacy between Emperors and Caliphs in the Tenth Century). Medieval Worlds 8 thus focuses on connectivity, often between very distant macro-re- gions. A substantial number of project reports give a good overview of the variety of ap- proaches to issues of cultural translation and knowledge transfer in current ERC grant pro- jects. The coming issues will deal with the topics of the social impact of religious institutions and uses of the past in times of transition, and submissions are welcome. Readers of this journal may already be aware that from 2019, there will be another journal with a name very similar to ours, the ›Journal of Medieval Worlds‹ edited by the University of California Press. The similarity of the name is, perhaps, unfortunate, but we hope that readers will not confuse the two journals. We gather from the Californian initiative that our concept has worked well, and wish the new journal success. At a time in which ›The Global Turn‹ (the title of the 2019 Annual Meeting of the Medieval Academy of America) is intensifying interest in a wide-open research field on global comparison and connectivity in the medieval period, there will be enough potential for two journals focusing on this fascinating topic. In any case, we will maintain our open-access and no-fee policy. The support of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, its Press and its Institute for Medieval Research make this possible. Download figures well into the four-digit numbers show that the journal meets an increasing demand by authors and readers, even though we do not have the means for publicity that major presses have. Ingrid Hartl has now taken over as an executive editor of Medieval Worlds from Celine Wawruschka, to whom we owe thanks for having accompanied the journal through its initial phase. eISSN-Nr. 2412-3196 DOI 10.1553/medievalworlds_no8_2018s2 medieval worlds • No. 8 • 2018 • 2 3 World Literature is Trans-Imperial: A Medieval and a Modern Approach Christian Høgel* Various concepts guide discussions on global literature, not least ›transnational‹. The present text advocates, however, for the term trans-imperial, as offering a more correct definition of world literature, or global literature, both in pre-modern and modern times. Imperial spheres build up worlds of strong interconnections, and the languages they employ become privileged languages that may last beyond the time span of a given empire. These imperi- al spheres with their one central language therefore form the hardest borders for the dis- semination of texts, now and then. By being trans-imperial, texts therefore constitute the true global literature. In medieval times trans-imperial texts would comprise especially fable stories, holy texts, philosophy and science, and mirrors of princes. These were the texts most often carried from one imperial sphere, or rather imperial language, to another, through translations. This article, consequently, offers definitions of what constitutes an imperial language. Central to identifying and safeguarding a language and making it perform as an imperial language was the establishment of a grammar and/or a set of canonized texts de- fining the language, the actual use of it by an empire in running its administration, and the performance of the empire’s self-images through it. In many cases, secondary imperial lan- guages – like Greek in the Roman world or Persian in the Caliphate – would hold a lower but still privileged place in the empire’s life and communication. Many such secondary imperial languages could then subsequently rise to the status of imperial languages, as several vernac- ular languages later did from Latin. The text argues that these features, which are probably most clear-cut in a pre-modern context, also hold true in a modern context, and that what we normally refer to as successful national languages (English, French, Spanish, Russian, etc.) were, from early on, imperial rather than national languages, and that their literature, in being global, was
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 232 4th International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2018) Preparation of Tang Chang'an Persian Studies Jumei Li Institute of Silk Road Studies Northwest University Xi’an, China 710069 Abstract—This electronic document is a “live” template and “West Persia”, “The Nieshi division passed away for twenty already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, years because of its guests, and the tribal people benefited etc.] in its style sheet. The Tang Dynasty was the most from being separated. At the beginning of the Dragon King, prosperous dynasty of foreign exchange in Chinese history. he returned to the North and granted the left Weiwei General. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, China and the Westerners He died, and the west still existed. Kaiyuan, Tianbao Room, including Persia exchanged achievements in the development sent ten generations of envoys, offering agate beds, fire of civilization between the East and the West. Take the feather embroidery dance."[3] The royal family Pylus, Persians of the Western Regions as an example. During this "Shang Hengzhong entered the DPRK and granted the right- period, various Persians entered China and took root in wing general Wu Wei to die." The son of Nigellus, the Nie Changan, bringing with them the material spiritual civilization Division teacher, served as a proton in Datang Chang'an to of the West. The compatriots' brilliance of the Tang Dynasty drew the attention of Persians from all walks of life. From the maintain the harmonious diplomatic relations between the literature and archaeological data as well as the research two countries.
    [Show full text]
  • The Geopolitics on the Silk Road
    109 The Geopolitics on the Silk Road: Resurveying the Relationship of the Western Türks with Byzantium through Their Diplomatic Communications Li Qiang, Stefanos Kordosis* The geopolitics pertaining to the Silk Road network in the period from the 6th to the 7th cen- tury (the final, albeit important, period of Late Antiquity) was intertwined with highly strate- gic dimensions.1 The frequent arrival of hoards of nomadic peoples from inner Eurasia at the borders of the existing sedentary empires and their encounters and interactions formed the complicated political ecology of the period. These empires attempted to take advantage of the newly shaped situation arising after such great movements strategically, each in their own interest. How did they achieve their goals and what problems were they confronted with? In this paper, I will focus on the relations the Western Türks had with Byzantium and use it as an example in order to resurvey these complicated geopolitics. In the first part, attention will be given to the collection of Byzantine literature concerning the Western Türks. Then, on the basis of the sources, the four main exchanges of delegations between the Western Türks and Byzantium will be discussed, in which the important status of the 563 embassy – as it was the first Türk delegation sent to Byzantium – will be emphasized. The possible motives behind the dispatch of the delegations and the repercussions they had will be presented. Finally, through reviewing the diplomatic communication between the Western Türks and Byzantium, attention will be turned to the general picture of geopolitics along the Silk Road, claiming that the great empire of the West – similar to today’s superpowers – by means of their resources (mainly diplomacy) manipulated the geopolitics on the Silk Road, especially the nomadic people pursuing their own survival and interests, who were only treated as piec- es on a chessboard for keeping the balance with the rest of the superpowers.
    [Show full text]
  • Relationship Between Climate Change and Wars Between Nomadic and Farming Groups from the Western 1 Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty Period 2
    1 Relationship between Climate Change and Wars between Nomadic and Farming Groups from the Western 2 Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty period 3 4 Y. Su 1 , L. Liu 1, X.Q. Fang 1, and Y.N. Ma 1,2 5 1. School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China 6 2.Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Middle School, Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, China 7 8 Abstract: In ancient China, the change in regional agriculture and animal husbandry productivity caused by 9 climate change led to either wars or peaceful relations between nomadic and farming groups. From the 10 Western Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty there were 367 wars between the two groups. The nomadic people 11 initiated 69% of the wars, but 62.4% were won by the farmers. At a centennial timescale, the battlefields were 12 mostly in the northern areas (average latitude 38.92°N) in warm periods, and the battlefields were moved 13 southwards (average latitude 34.66°N) in cold periods. At decadal timescale, warm climates corresponded to 14 a high incidence of wars (correlation coefficient is 0.293). In the periods being dry and cold, the farming 15 groups were eager to initiate wars while the opportunity of victory reduced. The main causes which leading to 16 the above results are following: ①Warm climate provided a solid material foundation for nomadic and 17 farming groups, especially contributed to improve the productivity of nomadic group; meanwhile, the 18 excessive desire for essential means of subsistence in nomadic group could led to wars.
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese Foreign Aromatics Importation
    CHINESE FOREIGN AROMATICS IMPORTATION FROM THE 2ND CENTURY BCE TO THE 10TH CENTURY CE Research Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with research distinction in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University. by Shiyong Lu The Ohio State University April 2019 Project Advisor: Professor Scott Levi, Department of History 1 Introduction Trade served as a major form of communication between ancient civilizations. Goods as well as religions, art, technology and all kinds of knowledge were exchanged throughout trade routes. Chinese scholars traditionally attribute the beginning of foreign trade in China to Zhang Qian, the greatest second century Chinese diplomat who gave China access to Central Asia and the world. Trade routes on land between China and the West, later known as the Silk Road, have remained a popular topic among historians ever since. In recent years, new archaeological evidences show that merchants in Southern China started to trade with foreign countries through sea routes long before Zhang Qian’s mission, which raises scholars’ interests in Maritime Silk Road. Whether doing research on land trade or on maritime trade, few scholars concentrate on the role of imported aromatics in Chinese trade, which can be explained by several reasons. First, unlike porcelains or jewelry, aromatics are not durable. They were typically consumed by being burned or used in medicine, perfume, cooking, etc. They might have been buried in tombs, but as organic matters they are hard to preserve. Lack of physical evidence not only leads scholars to generally ignore aromatics, but also makes it difficult for those who want to do further research.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Climate Extremes on Historical Processes in Central Asia in the Early Medieval Period from the 6Th to the 10Th Centuries
    World Applied Sciences Journal 30 (12): 1741-1745, 2014 ISSN 1818-4952 © IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.30.12.14251 The Impact of Climate Extremes on Historical Processes in Central Asia in the Early Medieval Period from the 6th to the 10th Centuries Rustam Talgatovich Ganiev Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Mira St. 19, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russia Abstract: The paper is based on the tree-ring chronology of the Yamal Peninsula (Russia) which has one of the longest chronologies of this kind in the world (7319 years). This is the first presentation of an analysis of the climate impact on the historical processes in Central Asia in the early Middle Ages. Climate extremes are sharp, strong and sometimes long-lasting falls of temperature with a negative impact on the economy of a nomadic society, often caused by great volcanic eruptions. As a result of the research undertaken by us, a certain connection has been established between significant historical events and climate extremes on the territory of Central Asia during the period under observation, which makes it possible to state that the climatic factor was of primary importance in its impact on historical processes in the east of Central Asia, especially on those territories that had a nomadic economy. Key words: Central Asia Palaeo-climatology Nomads Climate change Yamal Peninsula Turks (Tujue) Dendrochronology Volcanic eruption. INTRODUCTION present-day climate variability with documentary historical sources [2-7]. Central Asia has not been so Global changes of the climate on Earth at the lucky in this respect because the nomads that lived there beginning of the 21st c.
    [Show full text]
  • New Information on the Degree of “Sinicization” of the Tuyuhun
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2019 New Information on the Degree of “Sinicization” of the Tuyuhun Clan during Tang Times through Their Marriage Alliances: A Case Study Based on the Epitaphs of Two Chinese Princesses Escher, Julia Barbara Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-181630 Journal Article Published Version Originally published at: Escher, Julia Barbara (2019). New Information on the Degree of “Sinicization” of the Tuyuhun Clan during Tang Times through Their Marriage Alliances: A Case Study Based on the Epitaphs of Two Chinese Princesses. Journal of Asian History, 53(1):55-96. Offprint from: JOURNAL OF ASIAN HISTORY edited by Dorothee Schaab-Hanke and Achim Mittag 53 (2019) 1 Harrassowitz Verlag · Wiesbaden Editors / Contact: Dorothee Schaab-Hanke (Großheirath): [email protected] Achim Mittag (Tübingen): [email protected] International Advisory Board: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Behr (Zuerich), Prof. Dr. Timothy Brook (British Columbia), Prof. Dr. Christopher Cullen (Cambridge), Prof. Dr. Roderich Ptak (Munich), Prof. Dr. Nicolas Standaert (Leuven), Prof. Dr. Barend Jan Terwiel (Hamburg) The Journal of Asian History is a refereed journal. Zugang zur elektronischen Version / Access to electronic format Diese Zeitschrift kann auch in elektronischer Form über JSTOR (www.jstor.org) bezogen werden. This journal can also be accessed electronically via JSTOR (www.jstor.org). © Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden 2019 This journal, including all of its parts, is protected by copyright. Any use beyond the limits of copyright law without the permission of the publisher is forbidden and subject to penalty.
    [Show full text]
  • Altaic Languages
    Altaic Languages Masaryk University Press Reviewed by Ivo T. Budil Václav Blažek in collaboration with Michal Schwarz and Ondřej Srba Altaic Languages History of research, survey, classification and a sketch of comparative grammar Masaryk University Press Brno 2019 Publication financed by the grant No. GA15-12215S of the Czech Science Foundation (GAČR) © 2019 Masaryk University Press ISBN 978-80-210-9321-8 ISBN 978-80-210-9322-5 (online : pdf) https://doi.org/10.5817/CZ.MUNI.M210-9322-2019 5 Analytical Contents 0. Preface .................................................................. 9 1. History of recognition of the Altaic languages ............................... 15 1.1. History of descriptive and comparative research of the Turkic languages ..........15 1.1.1. Beginning of description of the Turkic languages . .15 1.1.2. The beginning of Turkic comparative studies ...........................21 1.1.3. Old Turkic language and script – discovery and development of research .....22 1.1.4. Turkic etymological dictionaries .....................................23 1.1.5. Turkic comparative grammars .......................................24 1.1.6. Syntheses of grammatical descriptions of the Turkic languages .............25 1.2. History of descriptive and comparative research of the Mongolic languages .......28 1.2.0. Bibliographic survey of Mongolic linguistics ...........................28 1.2.1. Beginning of description of the Mongolic languages .....................28 1.2.2. Standard Mongolic grammars and dictionaries ..........................31 1.2.3. Mongolic comparative and etymological dictionaries .....................32 1.2.4. Mongolic comparative grammars and grammatical syntheses...............33 1.3. History of descriptive and comparative research of the Tungusic languages ........33 1.3.0. Bibliographic survey of the Tungusic linguistics.........................33 1.3.1. Beginning of description of the Tungusic languages ......................34 1.3.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Kunlun and Kunlun Slaves As Buddhists in the Eyes of the Tang Chinese
    KEMANUSIAAN Vol. 22, No. 1, (2015), 27–52 Kunlun and Kunlun Slaves as Buddhists in the Eyes of the Tang Chinese KANG HEEJUNG Sogang University, Seoul, Korea [email protected] Abstract. As the entries on Kunluns and Kunlunnus increased in the historical records of Tang, art pieces depicting them also increased. The people of Tang wrote mystical tales about the Kunlunnu, who possessed supernatural powers. Kunlun was not a word that indicated a specific country in Southeast Asia. Kunluns are represented in the historical records as having "wavy hair and dark skin". Even if Hinduism was more prevalent than Buddhism in Southeast Asia from the third century to the seventh century, Kunluns were often presented as followers of the Buddhist faith in Chinese art, which likely resulted from the fact that the Southeast Asians brought in Buddhist goods as items with which to pay tribute to China. This is why the Chinese presumed that the Southeast Asians were fervent Buddhists. Within the tributary system, the Kunlunnus from a certain region in Southeast Asia were strangers to the Chinese, but they became regarded as Buddhists with magical powers, which departed from their real existence. Keywords and phrases: Kunlun, Kunlunnu, Tang China, Southeast Asia, Buddhism Introduction The Southeast Asian historian, O. W. Wolters (1967, 153) wrote that the Chinese called the Southeast Asian maritime people and region "the Kunlun" 崑崙 from the beginning of their acquaintance with them. Kunlun was also written as Kunlun 昆侖 and Juelun 掘倫 in Chinese records. The Southeast Asian people who engaged in maritime commerce with China during the fifth and sixth centuries CE were known as Kunlun, but from the seventh century onward, the term was limited to the people of Indonesia.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright Zhu
    Copyright Zhu Zhu 2021 RICE UNIVERSITY Convergence: Unveiling the Yanyue Modal System of the Tang Dynasty By Zhu Zhu A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE Doctor of Musical Arts APPROVED, THESIS COMMITTEE Anthony Brandt Professor of Composition and Theory Peter Loewen (Apr 28, 2021 10:50 CDT) Peter Loewen Associate Professor of Musicology Nanxiu Qian Nanxiu Qian (Apr 28, 2021 17:58 CDT) Nanxiu Qian Professor of Chinese Literature HOUSTON, TEXAS April 2021 ABSTRACT Convergence: Unveiling the Yanyue Modal System of the Tang Dynasty by Zhu Zhu There is a dearth of Western scholarly research on ancient Chinese music. Unlike the trajectory of Western music—where the Catholic Church facilitated a linear, centralized, and well-chronicled musicological evolution—ancient Chinese music history is fragmented and incomplete. Dynastic cycles often led to hostile transitions of power and the destruction of the cultural vestiges from the preceding fallen dynasty. As a consequence, the elegant Yanyue twenty-eight-mode system of the Tang dynasty is scarcely known or understood in the West. The musicological history of the Yanyue modal system is disjunct and imprecise. This document will reconstruct the theoretical architecture of the Yanyue twenty-eight modes and unveil them for a Western audience. The Sui and Tang dynasties (581-907) reflect an extended phase of political stability and economic prosperity. The Tang dynasty in particular was a period of renaissance and artistic cultivation. It embraced migration and the blending of disparate cultural traditions. This document will reveal the Yanyue twenty-eight modes to be not merely a musicological artifact, but a sonically ornate and remarkably diverse tonal system whose structural organization reflects the heterogeneity of Tang itself and colors our image of life in ancient China.
    [Show full text]
  • The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: Volume IV by Edward Gibbon
    HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE By Edward Gibbon VOLUME IV This is volume four of the six volumes of Edward Gibbon's History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire. I will be scanning and putting out on the net the remaining volumes as I find time to do this. So have patience. If you find any errors please feel free to notify me of them. I want to make this the best etext edition possible for both scholars and the general public. [email protected] and [email protected] are my email addresses for now. Please feel free to send me your comments and I hope you enjoy this. David Reed History Of The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire Edward Gibbon, Esq. With notes by the Rev. H. H. Milman Vol. 4 1782 (Written), 1845 (Revised) Chapter XXXIX: Gothic Kingdom Of Italy. Part I. Zeno And Anastasius, Emperors Of The East. - Birth, Education, And First Exploits Of Theodoric The Ostrogoth. - His Invasion And Conquest Of Italy. - The Gothic Kingdom Of Italy. - State Of The West. - Military And Civil Government. - The Senator Boethius. - Last Acts And Death Of Theodoric. After the fall of the Roman empire in the West, an interval of fifty years, till the memorable reign of Justinian, is faintly marked by the obscure names and imperfect annals of Zeno, Anastasius, and Justin, who successively ascended to the throne of Constantinople. During the same period, Italy revived and flourished under the government of a Gothic king, who might have deserved a statue among the best and bravest of the ancient Romans.
    [Show full text]
  • Diogenes-2-Complete.Pdf
    2 October 2014 Table of Contents Editorial Wei-sheng Lin............................................................................................................................1 Article Οι σκέψεις των Νεο -Οθωμανών περί του Ισλάμ [The Thoughts of the Neo-Ottomans on Islam] Murat Issi....................................................................................................................................2 The poll tax ( cizye ) in Cyprus during the 17th century: A depiction for the administration of its revenue Styliani Lepida.........................................................................................................................28 Όψεις αυτοαναφορικότητας στην Expeditio Persica του Γεωργίου Πισίδη [Views of self-referentiality in the poem Expeditio Persica of George of Pisidia] Dimos Ntentos..........................................................................................................................48 Ceramics and Carpets: Icons of Cultural Exchange between Venice and the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century Gözde Önder............................................................................................................................72 Review Experiencing Byzantium: papers from the 44th Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Newcastle and Durham, April 2011 Rebecca Darley.........................................................................................................................91 The Byzantine Imperial Acts to Venice, Pisa and Genoa, 10th - 12th Centuries Jason Fossella...........................................................................................................................96
    [Show full text]
  • Political Complexity in Nomadic Empires of Inner Asia
    Political Complexity in Nomadic Empires of Inner Asia Sergey A. Vasyutin Kemerovo State University ABSTRACT The nomadic empires of Inner Asia are a unique historical phenomenon. Large mountain and steppe territories allowed hundreds of thousands of nomadic families to pursue their economic activities, creating the condi- tions that led to their integration into big imperial communities. The long border in the South with empire-civilization and world-system center China was one of the major ‘challenges’ for steppe people, the ‘answer’ to which was often the creation of semi-peripheral imperial polities, as only the common military capacity of the Inner Asia stockbreeders guaranteed them at least temporary military and political equality and even supremacy during periods of weakening of the Middle Kingdom. The established opin- ion on the similarity of the nomadic empires in this region is mostly the result of a long period of research on nomadic economies, social and polit- ical structures, and the relations between nomads and China (evolutionism, positivism, Marxism). In the last few decades, the concept of multi-linearity (non-linearity) of sociogenesis and politogenesis has been applied to this field of study, allowing us to focus on the peculiarities of the Inner Asia nomadic empires, creating a solution to the old issues surrounding the na- ture of the power systems among nomads, the existence or absence of state- hood, and the typology of imperial structures according to their level of complexity. INTRODUCTION The issues concerning the characteristics of political regimes of medieval nomadic empires have provoked fierce debates among researchers and have become especially important during the last decade.
    [Show full text]