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Análise De Processos De Framing Na Cobertura Jornalística De Escândalos Bancários - O Caso Do BES, Lehman Brothers , HSBC

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Análise De Processos De Framing Na Cobertura Jornalística De Escândalos Bancários - O Caso Do BES, Lehman Brothers , HSBC METRADO EM CIÊNCIAS DA COMUNICAÇÃO – ESTUDOS DE MÉDIA E JORNALISMO Análise de processos de framing na cobertura jornalística de escândalos bancários - O caso do BES, Lehman Brothers , HSBC Rafaela Vieira Santos M 2017 Rafaela Vieira Santos Dissertação realizada no âmbito do Mestrado em Ciências da Comunicação – Variante de Estudos dos Media e Jornalismo, orientada pela Professora Doutora Helena Lima Análise de processos de framing na cobertura jornalística de escândalos bancários O caso do BES, Lehman Brothers, HSBC Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto Setembro 2017 Análise de processos de framing na cobertura jornalística de escândalos bancários O caso do BES, Lehman Brothers, HSBC Rafaela Vieira Santos Dissertação realizada no âmbito do Mestrado em Ciências da Comunicação – Variante de Estudos dos Media e Jornalismo, orientada pela Professora Doutora Helena Lima Membros do Júri: Presidente: Professor Doutor Paulo Frias da Costa Faculdade Letras da Universidade do Porto Vogais: Professora Doutora Helena Lima Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto Professora Doutora Suzana Margarida Dias dos Santos Cavaco Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto Classificação obtida: 18 valores ÍNDICE Agradecimentos ...................................................................................................... 1 Resumo .................................................................................................................... 2 Abstract ................................................................................................................... 3 Introdução ............................................................................................................... 4 Capítulo I: Framing ................................................................................................... 8 1. As diferentes definições do conceito de framing no estudo dos media ................... 8 2. O conceito de frame ................................................................................................ 10 2.1. Frame-building .................................................................................................. 13 3. Framing Effects ....................................................................................................... 15 4. Framing e Agenda-setting: a mesma teoria? .......................................................... 16 Capítulo II: O jornalismo económico ............................................................................. 18 1. O jornalismo e a economia ...................................................................................... 20 2. O jornalismo económico: breve contextualização histórica ................................... 20 2.1. Aparecimento e evolução do jornalismo económico em Portugal ................ 22 3. Desafios do jornalismo económico .......................................................................... 24 3.1. Jornalismo generalista e jornalismo especializado ........................................... 24 3.2.Caraterísticas do jornalismo económico ........................................................... 27 Capítulo III: O escândalo mediático ............................................................................... 32 1. O conceito de escândalo ......................................................................................... 32 2. O aparecimento do escândalo mediático ................................................................ 35 Capítulo IV: Metodologia, variáveis de análise, enquadramento dos meios de comunicação e dos casos ................................................................................................ 43 1. Metodologia ............................................................................................................. 43 2. Variáveis de análise .................................................................................................. 45 3. Definição do corpus.................................................................................................. 51 3.1. Linhas gerais do corpus .................................................................................. 51 3.1.1. Público .................................................................................................... 52 3.1.2. Jornal de Notícias .................................................................................... 53 3.1.3. The Washington Post .............................................................................. 53 3.1.4. USA Today ............................................................................................... 54 3.1.5. The Guardian .......................................................................................... 55 3.1.6. The Independent ..................................................................................... 57 4. Enquadramento dos casos ...................................................................................... 58 4.1. Banco Espírito Santo ....................................................................................... 58 4.2. Lehman Brothers ............................................................................................ 65 4.3. Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation ............................................. 72 Capítulo V: Análise de dados e apresentação de resultados ........................................ 76 Conclusão ........................................................................................................................ 84 Bibliografia ..................................................................................................................... 88 Anexos ............................................................................................................................. 99 Anexo 1. Diagrama da estrutura do Grupo GES ............................................................ I Anexo 2. Diagrama da estrutura do Grupo GES ........................................................... II Anexo 3. Diagrama da estrutura do Grupo GES .......................................................... III Anexo 4. Notícias do caso BES no Público e Jornal de Notícias .................................. IV Anexo 5. Notícias do caso Lehman Brothers no Washington Post e USA Today ....... IV Anexo 6. Notícias do caso HSBC no The Guardian e The Independent........................ V Anexo 7. Autores das notícias ..................................................................................... VI Anexo 8. Secções ....................................................................................................... VII Anexo 9. Listagem das fontes .................................................................................... VII Anexo 10. Tipologia dos títulos ................................................................................. XIII Anexo 11. Identificação das fontes no Público e Jornal de Notícias ........................ XIV Anexo 12. Identificação das fontes no Washington Post e USA Today ..................... XV Anexo 13. Identificação das fontes no The Guardian .............................................. XVI Anexo 14. Identificação das fontes no The Independent ........................................ XVII Anexo 15. Fontes .................................................................................................... XVIII Anexo 16. Caraterização das fontes ....................................................................... XVIII Anexo 17. Percentagem da caraterização das fontes .............................................. XIX Anexo 18. Comparação enquadramentos ................................................................ XIX Anexo 19. Percentagem de enquadramentos ........................................................... XX Anexo 20. Frames ..................................................................................................... XXI Anexo 21. Percentagem de Frames ......................................................................... XXII Anexo 22. Criminal Frame no Público ..................................................................... XXIII Anexo 23. Criminal Frame no Jornal de Notícias .................................................... XXIII Anexo 24. Criminal Frame no Washington Post ..................................................... XXIV Anexo 25. Criminal Frame no USA Today ............................................................... XXIV Anexo 26. Criminal Frame no The Guardian ............................................................ XXV Anexo 27. Criminal Frame no The Independent ..................................................... XXVI Anexo 28. Variável de escândalo mediático no Público ........................................ XXVII Anexo 29. Variável de escândalo mediático no Jornal de Notícias ....................... XXIX Anexo 30. Variável de escândalo mediático no Washington Post .......................... XXX Anexo 31. Variável de escândalo mediático no USA Today ................................... XXXI Anexo 32. Variável de escândalo mediático no The Guardian ............................... XXXI Anexo 33. Variável de escândalo mediático no The Independent ......................... XXXV Anexo 34. Análise das notícias segundo os critérios de escândalo mediático ..... XXXVI Anexo 35. Tipos de escândalo .............................................................................. XXXVI Anexo 36. Percentagem de tipos de escândalo ................................................... XXXVII Anexo 37.
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