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Morphology, Taxonomy, and Biology of Larval Scarabaeoidea
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/morphologytaxono12haye ' / ILLINOIS BIOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS Volume XII PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS *, URBANA, ILLINOIS I EDITORIAL COMMITTEE John Theodore Buchholz Fred Wilbur Tanner Charles Zeleny, Chairman S70.S~ XLL '• / IL cop TABLE OF CONTENTS Nos. Pages 1. Morphological Studies of the Genus Cercospora. By Wilhelm Gerhard Solheim 1 2. Morphology, Taxonomy, and Biology of Larval Scarabaeoidea. By William Patrick Hayes 85 3. Sawflies of the Sub-family Dolerinae of America North of Mexico. By Herbert H. Ross 205 4. A Study of Fresh-water Plankton Communities. By Samuel Eddy 321 LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS ILLINOIS BIOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS Vol. XII April, 1929 No. 2 Editorial Committee Stephen Alfred Forbes Fred Wilbur Tanner Henry Baldwin Ward Published by the University of Illinois under the auspices of the graduate school Distributed June 18. 1930 MORPHOLOGY, TAXONOMY, AND BIOLOGY OF LARVAL SCARABAEOIDEA WITH FIFTEEN PLATES BY WILLIAM PATRICK HAYES Associate Professor of Entomology in the University of Illinois Contribution No. 137 from the Entomological Laboratories of the University of Illinois . T U .V- TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 Introduction Q Economic importance Historical review 11 Taxonomic literature 12 Biological and ecological literature Materials and methods 1%i Acknowledgments Morphology ]* 1 ' The head and its appendages Antennae. 18 Clypeus and labrum ™ 22 EpipharynxEpipharyru Mandibles. Maxillae 37 Hypopharynx <w Labium 40 Thorax and abdomen 40 Segmentation « 41 Setation Radula 41 42 Legs £ Spiracles 43 Anal orifice 44 Organs of stridulation 47 Postembryonic development and biology of the Scarabaeidae Eggs f*' Oviposition preferences 48 Description and length of egg stage 48 Egg burster and hatching Larval development Molting 50 Postembryonic changes ^4 54 Food habits 58 Relative abundance. -
Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae* ) in Agroecological Systems of Northern Cauca, Colombia
Pardo-Locarno et al.: White Grub Complex in Agroecological Systems 355 STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF THE WHITE GRUB COMPLEX (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE* ) IN AGROECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS OF NORTHERN CAUCA, COLOMBIA LUIS CARLOS PARDO-LOCARNO1, JAMES MONTOYA-LERMA2, ANTHONY C. BELLOTTI3 AND AART VAN SCHOONHOVEN3 1Vegetales Orgánicos C.T.A. 2Departmento de Biología, Universidad del Valle, Apartado Aéreo 25360, Cali, Colombia 3Parque Científico Agronatura, CIAT, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical Apartado Aéreo, 6713 Cali, Colombia ABSTRACT The larvae of some species of Scarabaeidae, known locally as “chisas” (whitegrubs), are impor- tant pests in agricultural areas of the Cauca, Colombia. They form a complex consisting of many species belonging to several genera that affect the roots of commercial crops. The objec- tive of the present study was to identify the members of the complex present in two localities (Caldono and Buenos Aires) and collect basic information on their biology, economic impor- tance, and larval morphology. The first of two types of sampling involved sampling adults in light traps installed weekly throughout one year. The second method involved larval collec- tions in plots of cassava, pasture, coffee, and woodland. Each locality was visited once per month and 10 samples per plot were collected on each occasion, with each sample from a quad- rants 1 m2 by 15 cm deep, during 1999-2000. Light traps collected 12,512 adults belonging to 45 species and 21 genera of Scarabaeidae within the subfamilies Dynastinae, Melolonthinae, and Rutelinae. Members of the subfamily Dynastinae predominated with 48% of the species (mostly Cyclocephala), followed in decreasing order by Melolonthinae (35%) and Rutelinae (15%, principally Anomala). -
Trapping Phyllophaga Spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) in the United States and Canada Using Sex Attractants Paul S
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Plant Sciences and Entomology Faculty Plant Sciences and Entomology Publications 2006 Trapping Phyllophaga spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) in the United States and Canada Using Sex Attractants Paul S. Robbins Steven R. Alm University of Rhode Island, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/pls_facpubs Citation/Publisher Attribution Robbins, P. S., Alm, S. R., Armstrong, C. D., Averill, A. L., Baker, T. C., Bauernfiend, R. J., ...Villani, M. G. (2006). Trapping Phyllophaga, spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolothinae) in the United States and Canada using sex attractants. Journal of Insect Science, 6, Article 39. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/2006_06_39.1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant Sciences and Entomology at DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Plant Sciences and Entomology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Paul S. Robbins, Steven R. Alm, and et al This article is available at DigitalCommons@URI: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/pls_facpubs/1 Trapping Phyllophaga spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) in the United States and Canada using sex attractants Author(s): Paul S. Robbins, Steven R. Alm, CharlesD. Armstrong, Anne L. Averill, Thomas C. Baker, Robert J. Bauernfiend, Frederick P. Baxendale, S. Kris Braman, Rick L. Brandenburg, Daniel B. Cash, Gary J. Couch, Richard S. Cowles, Robert L. -
An Electronic Checklist of the New World Chafers (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)
AN ELECTRONIC CHECKLIST OF THE NEW WORLD CHAFERS (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: MELOLONTHINAE) Version 3 ARTHUR V. EVANS Research Associate, Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC; Department of Recent Invertebrates, Virginia Museum of Natural History, Martinsville, VA; Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; c/o1600 Nottoway Ave., Richmond, VA 23227, USA; [email protected] and ANDREW B. T. SMITH Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, ON, K1P 6P4, Canada; [email protected] INTRODUCTION The following is a checklist of all Melolonthinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) found in the New World. It has been modified from Evans (2003), Evans and Smith (2005), and Smith and Evans (2005) and has been updated to 13 March 2009. Included in this checklist are all of the available names given for New World Melolonthinae (both valid and invalid). Tribes are listed in traditional order (pseudo-phylogenetically) with genera, species, and subspecies listed alphabetically within. Under each valid generic name the subgenera and synonymies are listed as are type species and, in some cases, citations for keys, checklists, and bibliographies. Listed under each valid species are synonymies, distributional data by country, and citations for new combinations and spellings. A complete bibliography is included in the “References” section of all papers mentioned in the checklist. The purpose of this checklist is to present accurate and complete information for all the names of Melolonthinae in the New World. The taxonomy herein is based on the current literature (even if we have unpublished data contradicting what has been published) and the nomenclature carefully follows the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. -
Coleoptera) with Corrections to Nomenclature and a Current Classification
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Papers in Entomology Museum, University of Nebraska State November 2006 A REVIEW OF THE FAMILY-GROUP NAMES FOR THE SUPERFAMILY SCARABAEOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) WITH CORRECTIONS TO NOMENCLATURE AND A CURRENT CLASSIFICATION Andrew B. T. Smith University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologypapers Part of the Entomology Commons Smith, Andrew B. T., "A REVIEW OF THE FAMILY-GROUP NAMES FOR THE SUPERFAMILY SCARABAEOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) WITH CORRECTIONS TO NOMENCLATURE AND A CURRENT CLASSIFICATION" (2006). Papers in Entomology. 122. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologypapers/122 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Museum, University of Nebraska State at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers in Entomology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Coleopterists Society Monograph Number 5:144–204. 2006. AREVIEW OF THE FAMILY-GROUP NAMES FOR THE SUPERFAMILY SCARABAEOIDEA (COLEOPTERA) WITH CORRECTIONS TO NOMENCLATURE AND A CURRENT CLASSIFICATION ANDREW B. T. SMITH Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station D Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, CANADA [email protected] Abstract For the first time, all family-group names in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) are evaluated using the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to determine their availability and validity. A total of 383 family-group names were found to be available, and all are reviewed to scrutinize the correct spelling, author, date, nomenclatural availability and validity, and current classification status. Numerous corrections are given to various errors that are commonly perpetuated in the literature. -
EU Project Number 613678
EU project number 613678 Strategies to develop effective, innovative and practical approaches to protect major European fruit crops from pests and pathogens Work package 1. Pathways of introduction of fruit pests and pathogens Deliverable 1.3. PART 7 - REPORT on Oranges and Mandarins – Fruit pathway and Alert List Partners involved: EPPO (Grousset F, Petter F, Suffert M) and JKI (Steffen K, Wilstermann A, Schrader G). This document should be cited as ‘Grousset F, Wistermann A, Steffen K, Petter F, Schrader G, Suffert M (2016) DROPSA Deliverable 1.3 Report for Oranges and Mandarins – Fruit pathway and Alert List’. An Excel file containing supporting information is available at https://upload.eppo.int/download/112o3f5b0c014 DROPSA is funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (grant agreement no. 613678). www.dropsaproject.eu [email protected] DROPSA DELIVERABLE REPORT on ORANGES AND MANDARINS – Fruit pathway and Alert List 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Background on oranges and mandarins ..................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Data on production and trade of orange and mandarin fruit ........................................................................ 5 1.3 Characteristics of the pathway ‘orange and mandarin fruit’ ....................................................................... -
Defense of Bracken Fern by Arthropods Attracted to Axillary Nectaries
DEFENSE OF BRACKEN FERN BY ARTHROPODS ATTRACTED TO AXILLARY NECTARIES BY MATTHEW M. DOUGLAS Adjunct Senior Research Scientist Snow Entomological Museum The University of Kansas* INTRODUCTION: The phenotypically variable bracken fern, Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn, is an economically important plant that establishes dense monocultural stands by spore dispersal and by spreading subterra- nean rhizomes throughout the world, except for hot and cold desert regions (Page, 1976). Bracken produces a number of so-called "secondary plant compounds" that have been shown to protect it from some nonadapted insects (Cooper-Driver et. al., 1977). These compounds include the cyanogenic glucoside, prunasin (Cooper- Driver and Swain, 1976; Cooper-Driver et. al., 1977), lignins and silica (Lawton, 1976), sesquiterpene pterosins (Jones and Firn, 1979a), phytoecdysteroids (Jones and Firn, 1978), and the protein thiaminase (Evans, 1976). Tannins, flavonoids, and phenolics have also been implicated as possible defensive compounds in bracken fern (Cooper-Driver et. al., 1977; Jones and Firn, 1979b). Despite bracken's well-developed biochemical arsenal, adapted and nonadapted herbivorous insects in experimental plots located in Michigan and Massachusetts often destroy up to 30 percent of a frond's biomass after the pinnae are completely expanded. In addi- tion to these herbivores, stands of Michigan bracken also support a diverse community of ectoparasites, parasitoids, and predators of bracken herbivores, including nearly 20 species of ants and spiders that form temporary symbiotic relationships with the bracken croziers. *Research Address: 1503 Woodland St., Jenison, Michigan, 49428 Manuscript received by the editor May 2, 1983 313 314 Psyche [Vol. 90 METHODS AND STUDY SITES During 1980-1982, Gordon VanWoerkom (Hope College) and observed the relationships between bracken fern and its associated arthropod community in Michigan. -
Japanese Beetle and Other Coleoptera Feeding on Grapevines in Eastern North America
Chapter 17 Japanese Beetle and Other Coleoptera Feeding on Grapevines in Eastern North America Douglas G. Pfeiffer 17.1 Introduction 17.1.1 Scope The Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman, and several other coleopteran foliavores, i.e. green June beetle, Cotinus nitida (L.), rose chafer, Macrodactylus subspinosus (F.), grape rootworm, Fidia viticida Walsh, and grape fl ea beetle, Altica chalybea Illiger cause conspicuous foliar injury. A number of these coleopterans also cause injury to other vine parts, i.e., primary buds, berries, or roots. Although such injury may be much more economically important than the leaf injury, we will not address them here because the leaf injury arouses the greatest amount of con- cern. Japanese beetle is the main species to be discussed. In an earlier study (Pfeiffer et al. 1990 ) , it was found to be the target of most insecticide sprays in Virginia vineyards, owing to its conspicuous leaf injury. Although its populations fl uctuate considerably from year to year, Japanese beetle remains an important pest to be addressed by grape pest management programs in eastern North America. The thrust of this chapter is on beetles that, in at least one life stage, infl ict defoliation injury on grapevines. There is one additional coleopteran that may cause economic losses, the multicolored Asian lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas). Injury that may be infl icted to fruit by this otherwise benefi cial predator is discussed by Pfeiffer et al. (Chap. 19 ). D. G. Pfeiffer (*) Department of Entomology , Virginia Tech. , 205C Price Hall , Blacksburg , VA 24061-0319 , USA e-mail: [email protected] N.J. -
COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: MELOLONTHINAE) Version 2 Updated: March 2007 by ARTHUR V
From: AN ELECTRONIC CHECKLIST OF THE NEW WORLD CHAFERS (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: MELOLONTHINAE) Version 2 Updated: March 2007 By ARTHUR V. EVANS and ANDREW B. T. SMITH Tribe MACRODACTYLINI Kirby, 1837 Genus AGAOCNEMIS Moser Agaocnemis Moser, 1918b: 115. Type species Agaocnemis pruina Moser, by monotypy. Agaocnemis pruina Moser Agaocnemis pruina Moser, 1918b: 116 Distribution: Brazil Genus ALVARINUS Blanchard Alvarinus Blanchard, 1850: 123. Type species Alvarinus hilarii Blanchard, subsequent designation (Evans 2003: 224). Alvarinus hilarii Blanchard Alvarinus hilarii Blanchard, 1850: 123 Distribution: Brazil Alvarinus pallidipennis Blanchard Alvarinus pallidipennis Blanchard, 1850: 123 Distribution: Brazil Synonym: Plectris rectangula Frey, 1967a: 40 Alvarinus submetallicus Blanchard Alvarinus submetallicus Blanchard, 1850: 123 Distribution: Argentina, Brazil Synonym: Philochloenia chalcea Burmeister, 1855: 30 Plectris chalcea Burmeister; Frey, 1967a: 84 Alvarinus subsericeus Blanchard Alvarinus subsericeus Blanchard, 1850: 123 Distribution: Bolivia Genus ANCISTROSOMA Curtis Ancistrosoma Curtis, 1835: 307. Type species Ancistrosoma klugii Curtis, by monotypy. Keys to species: Arrow, 1913b: 425 Ancistrosoma argentinum Moser Ancistrosoma argentinum Moser, 1921b: 179 Distribution: Argentina Ancistrosoma arrowi Ley Ancistrosoma arrowi Ley, 1923: 222 Distribution: Colombia Ancistrosoma blanchardi Sallé Ancistrosoma blanchardi Sallé, 1886: 465 Distribution: Venezuela Ancistrosoma buckleyi Sallé Ancistrosoma buckleyi Sallé, 1887: CXXVII Distribution: -
Biology, Control and Luring of the Cockchafer, Melolontha Melolontha
Biology, control and luring of the cockchafer, Melolontha melolontha Literature report on biology, life cycle and pest incidence, current control possibilities and pheromones. H.F. Huiting, L.G. Moraal, F.C. Griepink & A. Ester Applied Plant Research Research Unit AGV PPO no. 32 500475 00 ĉ I September 2006 © 2006 Wageningen, Applied Plant Research (Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving BV) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form of by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Applied Plant Research. Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving takes no responsibility for any injury or damage sustained by using data from this publication. This report was produced as a coĉproduction of Alterra, PPO and PRI LNV Project no. BOĉ10ĉ006ĉ21 Monitoring of the cockchafer ( Melolontha melolontha L.) and control of the grubs in outside crops Project management team: Mr. A. Ester & Ing. H.F. Huiting Applied Plant Research (PPO), Wageningen UR Address : Edelhertweg 1, Lelystad, The Netherlands : P.O. Box 430, 8200 AK Lelystad, The Netherlands Tel. : +31 320 291 111 Fax : +31 320 230 479 Eĉmail : [email protected] / [email protected] Internet : www.ppo.nl Mr. L.G. Moraal Alterra, Wageningen UR Address : Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen, The Netherlands : P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands Tel. : +31 317 477 881 Fax : +31 317 419 000 Eĉmail : [email protected] Internet : www.alterra.nl Dr.ir. F.C. Griepink & dr.ir. R.W.H.M. van Tol Plant Research International, Wageningen UR Address : Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands : P.O. -
Shrub Roses - Rosa Spp
CHAPTER 3 Shrub Roses - Rosa spp. Winston Dunwell, University of Kentucky S. Kristine Braman, University of Georgia Jean Williams-Woodward, University of Georgia Mathews Paret, University of Florida Alan Windham, University of Tennessee Steven Frank, North Carolina State University Sarah A. White, Clemson University Anthony V. LeBude, North Carolina State University © Winston Dunwell, UK SECTION 1 Introduction Shrub roses are grown worldwide with many native to the southeastern U.S. The term shrub rose includes a number of rose species and cultivars. Among shrub roses, there is Introduction large diversity in size, flower, flowering duration, habit, hardiness, heat tolerance, fragrance, and foliage characteristics. Disease resistance in some shrub rose species has led to them being used in breeding programs to develop disease-free roses. Modern shrub roses have made it possible to grow roses without pesticides, but tolerance of some insect injury may be needed or managed by non-chemical means. Dr. Michael Dirr refers to shrub roses as “Lower Maintenance Roses” in his Manual of Woody Landscape Plants (Dirr, 2008). Carefree Beauty™ (Rosa ‘BUCbi’, 1977, Plant Patent No. 4225) is a medium pink shrub rose that started the trend for roses with dark green foliage that were disease free with fragrant, ever-blooming flowers. Carefree BeautyTM is resistant to black spot and powdery mildew and is still available in retail markets. Meidiland™ (Meilland), David Austin®, Flower Carpet®, and Carefree were some of the first roses series to capture consumer’s attention as easy care roses. Knock Out® roses have been so successful that they have been extensively planted across the globe and have led to other shrub rose series such Easy Elegance®, Drift® and Oso Easy®. -
Scientific Illustrations of Beetles from Maryland and Virginia
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Distance Master of Science in Entomology Projects Entomology, Department of 2018 Scientific Illustrations of Beetles from Maryland and Virginia Sarah Zuehlke Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entodistmasters Part of the Entomology Commons This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Distance Master of Science in Entomology Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Scientific Illustrations of Beetles from Maryland and Virginia Sarah Zuehlke University of Nebraska Entomology Master’s Project 2018 Abstract This project involves illustrated beetles commonly found in Maryland and Virginia. Scientific illustrations were created using techniques including graphite pencils, scratchboard, pen and ink, and colored pencils. Educational applications for this project include highlights for science lessons. Descriptions, habitat, and diet information were included with each beetle illustration. Collection tips for each species were provided. Illustration technique used were included for each beetle. All illustrations are original hand drawn work. 2 Table of Contents: Abstract Introduction Materials and Methods List of Beetles (Beetle Families presented in alphabetical order) Family Brentidae Oak Timberworm – Arrenodes minutus Family Carabidae Fiery Searcher