Tennessee State Library and Archives Tennessee Civil War Muster Rolls
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
State of Tennessee Department of State Tennessee State Library and Archives Tennessee Civil War Muster Rolls Collection, 1861-1865 COLLECTION SUMMARY Creator: Confederate States of America. Army United States. Army United States. Colored Troops Inclusive Dates: 1861-1865 Scope & Content: Official lists of officers and soldiers enlisted or otherwise accounted for in Tennessee military units or companies. The records are a sizeable compilation of U.S., Confederate, and U.S. Colored Troops muster rolls from across the state. There are records of soldiers mustering into and out of service, as well as miscellaneous documents such as oaths of allegiance, conscriptions, and Field and Staff Rolls. Some are full musters containing complete company rosters of around 60-70 soldiers, whereas some only list a dozen. All are descriptive. Other documents may list one man or a handful of men. In general, records provide names of the enlisted, mustering officers, dates, locations, regiments, and companies. Sometimes the comments provide information on the soldier’s whereabouts. Others provide place of birth, physical description, and occupation. This large collection of Civil War muster rolls is stored in twenty-two drawers of filing space in the State Library and Archives building. Documents are sorted by category: Confederate, Union, United States Colored Troops (USCT) or African Descent (AD) Union troops, and lastly any other miscellaneous documents. An Excel spreadsheet has been created to properly list and describe all the Civil War muster rolls that we have in our collection, including the specifics on these documents. 1 The Confederate muster rolls include documents from approximately 40 cavalry and infantry regiments of the 110 Confederate regiments organized in Tennessee. It also includes muster rolls for close to fifteen Reserve Military Corps (local militia). Other Confederate documents include conscription rolls from 1862, showing men whom the Confederate States government was drafting from four East Tennessee counties: Anderson, Blount, Johnson, and Sequatchie. These documents were an outcome of America’s first conscription or draft law. It was passed as a punitive measure by the Confederate Congress in the wake of Unionist bridge-burning and imposed largely on East Tennessee. The Federal muster rolls are much more extensive than the Confederate ones. They include documents from many of the 53 Federal regiments organized in Tennessee along with a few from other states. This includes the 1st through 14th Tennessee Cavalry, 1st through 8th Tennessee Mounted Infantry, 1st through 11th Tennessee Infantry, 1st and 2nd West Tennessee Infantry of African Descent, and 1st through 3rd Tennessee Heavy Artillery of African Descent, as well as the 13th US Colored Infantry Regiment, 8th Iowa Cavalry Regiment, and sundry others. The records of United States Colored Troops and African Descent units are especially significant. Soldiers are listed by surname and mustering location, and many rolls include place of birth, occupation, and physical description. For the enlisted African American men, the USCT enlistment rolls were likely the first time these men were listed in official records as free men. Related Civil War muster documents include those found in Record Group 4 (Provisional Army of Tennessee Records, 1861). The state was deeply divided on the issue of secession. It voted against leaving the Union in February 1861. Despite that, in May 1861, after President Lincoln’s call for troops following the capture of Fort Sumter in April, Governor Isham Harris began organizing a provisional army, nominating officers and setting up training camps across the state. After a pro-secession vote on June 8, 1861, Tennessee became the last state to join the Confederacy. The Provisional Army of Tennessee officially joined the Confederate Armed Forces on July 31, 1861. Documents in Record Group 4 include lists of voters from Camp Brown, near Union City in Obion County, and Reports of the Sick and Wounded from several training camps and hospitals. Reports of the Sick and Wounded were prepared by regimental surgeons monthly, on average. Each report contains the regiment’s location, the names of sick men and the illnesses they suffered, surgeon’s remarks, and a list of men discharged or deceased. Surgeon’s remarks often included assessments of the causes of particular illnesses, treatments, descriptions of the men and encampment, and notable cases. This collection of Civil War muster rolls can be useful to researchers for various reasons. Scholars, students, and family historians seeking information about specific regiments will find data on officers, soldiers, timelines, conditions, and troop movements. Reports of Sick and Wounded provide a glimpse into the health conditions and organization of the Provisional Army. The collection makes 2 a fine contribution to Civil War medical history. Helpful to genealogists are the names, mustering locations, and physical descriptions of soldiers. The USCT or African Descent troop records, in particular, provide key information for genealogical research. This collection provides a snapshot of Civil War medical practices and health. This is the first comprehensive and descriptive inventory of muster rolls held by the Tennessee State Library & Archives. Physical Description/Extent: 22 flat file drawers Accession/Record Group Number: 2015-065; 2015-066 Language: English Permanent Location: Drawers M-11-19 – M-12-16 Repository: Tennessee State Library and Archives, 403 Seventh Avenue North, Nashville, Tennessee, 37243-0312 Administrative/Biographical History The Union Army muster rolls were created by authority of the United States government; the Confederate ones by the short-lived Confederate States of America (CSA). The United States Colored Troop muster rolls were, of course, part of the Union Army records; such units were authorized specifically by President Abraham Lincoln’s January 1, 1863 Emancipation Proclamation. Organization/Arrangement of Materials Arranged by army, type of unit (infantry, cavalry, etc.), regiment number, company letter, and chronologically therein. Conditions of Access and Use Restrictions on Access: None 3 Restrictions on Use and Reproduction: While the Tennessee State Library and Archives houses an item, it does not necessarily hold the copyright on the item, nor may it be able to determine if the item is still protected under current copyright law. Users are solely responsible for determining the existence of such instances and for obtaining any other permissions and paying associated fees that may be necessary for the intended use. Index Terms Corporate Names/Organizations/Government Bodies: Confederate States of America. Army -- Registers United States. Army -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Registers United States. Colored Troops -- Registers Geographic Names: Tennessee -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 Document Types: Muster rolls Processing and Administrative Information Preferred Citation: Tennessee Civil War Muster Rolls Collection, 1861-1865. Tennessee State Library and Archives Processing Information: Processed by Tabitha Leathers and Lauren Hamric. Completed in May 2017 Related Archival Materials: Record Group 4. Provisional Army of Tennessee Records, 1861 4 Tennessee Federal Muster Rolls 5 Regiment Company Date Enlisting Officer Muster Location Notes Drawer 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. - Also called 1st East Tennessee Cav. Regt. Field and Staff 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 19 June 1865 Various Various Muster-Out - 31 men M-12-2 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 19 June 1865 Various Various Muster-Out - 31 men M-12-2 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 6 December 1862 Col. Robert Johnson Various Muster-In - 12 men M-12-2 Muster-Out - Julius E. Thomas; needs 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 1 April 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison repair M-12-2 Muster-Out - Briton 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 31 March 1865 Capt. Neil Nashville, Tennessee Smith; needs repair M-12-2 3 Application for 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 3 July 1863 Horse papers M-12-2 Muster-Out - McKendru C. 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 14 April 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison Williams M-12-2 Muster-Out - Oliver 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 17 April 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison Onill M-12-2 Muster-Out - Calvin M. Dyer; needs 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 20 April 1865 Capt. Neil Nashville, Tennessee repair M-12-2 Muster-Out - 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 15 May 1865 Lt. Miller Valley Head, Alabama William F. Green M-12-2 Muster-Out - William P. Liford; 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 3 June 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison needs repair M-12-2 Muster-Out - 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 3 June 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison Franklin Hybarger M-12-2 Muster-Out - Isaac B. 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 5 June 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison Self M-12-2 Muster-Out - Isaac B. 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 5 June 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison Self M-12-2 Muster-Out - 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 11 June 1865 Col. Robert Johnson Camp Dennison William F. Self M-12-2 Muster-Out - 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 11 June 1865 Col. Robert Johnson Camp Dennison William F. Self M-12-2 Muster-Out - John L. 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 10 June 1865 Col. Robert Johnson Trinne, Tennessee Reed M-12-2 Muster-Out - John L. 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 10 June 1865 Col. Robert Johnson Trinne, Tennessee Reed M-12-2 Muster-Out - 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 10 June 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison Solomon H. Hendrix M-12-2 Muster-Out - 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 10 June 1865 Lt. Smith Camp Dennison Solomon H. Hendrix M-12-2 Muster-Out - George 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 10 June 1865 Col. Robert Johnson Camp Dennison Armitage M-12-2 Muster-Out - George 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 10 June 1865 Col. Robert Johnson Camp Dennison Armitage M-12-2 Muster-Out - George 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 10 June 1865 Col. Robert Johnson Camp Dennison Armitage M-12-2 Muster-Out - 1st Tennessee Cav. Regt. 19 June 1865 Capt. Paxton Nashville, Tennessee Erasmus D. Fillmore M-12-2 6 Regiment Company Date Enlisting Officer Muster Location Notes Drawer Winchester, Muster-Out - Russell 1st Tennessee Cav.