Michael the Syrian and Syriac Orthodox Identity
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Monographs of the Peshitta Institute, Leiden, 10.) Leiden/Boston/Koln, 1999
REVIEWS 325 elsewhere in print and that deserve attention; some are very useful and authoritative statements of topics where recent bibliography has become overwhelming. While the Cambridge History' will not render older histories such as the revised Schurer obsolete it complements them helpfully, and it will be consulted with profit not only by students of Judaism but also by those interested in Roman history and the origins of Christianity. Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jts/article/52/1/325/1682872 by guest on 29 September 2021 N. R. M. DE LANGE The Books of Samuel in the Syriac Version of Jacob of Edessa. By ALISON SALVESEN. Pp. xlix+125. (Monographs of the Peshitta Institute, Leiden, 10.) Leiden/Boston/Koln, 1999. ISBN 90 04 11543 9. Gld 250/8147.50. BY virtue of belonging to two worlds, one the West Syriac world of the Euphrates and the other the Greek world of Alexandria, Jacob of Edessa (c.640-708) could not only translate works from Greek into Syriac but also bring elements of Greek tradition into the study of Syriac scripture. This biculturalism, or at any rate the concomitant bilingualism, was not always acceptable in traditional Syriac circles, but it is evidence of the character of a Christianity lodged in provinces where eastern Roman power and Sasanian authority had long been in conflict. The books of Samuel, here presented and translated by Dr Salvesen, are part of Jacob's version of the Old Testament which he finished in AD 705. notable among other of his works are studies on grammar, a chronicle continuing that of Eusebius, and translations, among them that of the Cathedral Homilies of Severus of Antioch. -
Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (Ca
Conversion and Empire: Byzantine Missionaries, Foreign Rulers, and Christian Narratives (ca. 300-900) by Alexander Borislavov Angelov A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Professor John V.A. Fine, Jr., Chair Professor Emeritus H. Don Cameron Professor Paul Christopher Johnson Professor Raymond H. Van Dam Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes © Alexander Borislavov Angelov 2011 To my mother Irina with all my love and gratitude ii Acknowledgements To put in words deepest feelings of gratitude to so many people and for so many things is to reflect on various encounters and influences. In a sense, it is to sketch out a singular narrative but of many personal “conversions.” So now, being here, I am looking back, and it all seems so clear and obvious. But, it is the historian in me that realizes best the numerous situations, emotions, and dilemmas that brought me where I am. I feel so profoundly thankful for a journey that even I, obsessed with planning, could not have fully anticipated. In a final analysis, as my dissertation grew so did I, but neither could have become better without the presence of the people or the institutions that I feel so fortunate to be able to acknowledge here. At the University of Michigan, I first thank my mentor John Fine for his tremendous academic support over the years, for his friendship always present when most needed, and for best illustrating to me how true knowledge does in fact produce better humanity. -
Possible Historical Traces in the Doctrina Addai
Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies, Vol. 9.1, 51-127 © 2006 [2009] by Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute and Gorgias Press POSSIBLE HISTORICAL TRACES IN THE DOCTRINA ADDAI ILARIA L. E. RAMELLI CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF THE SACRED HEART, MILAN 1 ABSTRACT The Teaching of Addai is a Syriac document convincingly dated by some scholars in the fourth or fifth century AD. I agree with this dating, but I think that there may be some points containing possible historical traces that go back even to the first century AD, such as the letters exchanged by king Abgar and Tiberius. Some elements in them point to the real historical context of the reign of Abgar ‘the Black’ in the first century. The author of the Doctrina might have known the tradition of some historical letters written by Abgar and Tiberius. [1] Recent scholarship often dates the Doctrina Addai, or Teaching of Addai,2 to the fourth century AD or the early fifth, a date already 1 This is a revised version of a paper delivered at the SBL International Meeting, Groningen, July 26 2004, Ancient Near East section: I wish to thank very much all those who discussed it and so helped to improve it, including the referees of the journal. 2 Extant in mss of the fifth-sixth cent. AD: Brit. Mus. 935 Add. 14654 and 936 Add. 14644. Ed. W. Cureton, Ancient Syriac Documents (London 1864; Piscataway: Gorgias, 2004 repr.), 5-23; another ms. of the sixth cent. was edited by G. Phillips, The Doctrine of Addai, the Apostle (London, 1876); G. -
A Bibliographical Clavis to the Works of Jacob of Edessa
Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies, Vol. 1.1, 35–56 © 1998 [2010] by Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute and Gorgias Press A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CLAVIS TO THE WORKS OF JACOB OF EDESSA DIRK KRUISHEER LUCAS VAN ROMPAY DEPARTMENT OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES (TCNO) UNIVERSITY OF LEIDEN THE NETHERLANDS PREFACE [1] Jacob of Edessa († 708) ranks without a doubt among the most prolific and most original writers of Syriac literature. Belonging to the first generation of Syrian Christians who grew up under Islamic rule, he has in many respects contributed to the consolidation and further expansion of the Syriac cultural heritage. For these reasons, his writings have had a great impact on later authors. However, many of these writings have not been preserved in their entirety. Others have only reached us through a complicated process of transmission or can only be studied on the basis of later adaptations or reworkings. [2] Jacob has not fared well in modern scholarly research. A considerable part of his preserved work has remained unpublished to the present day and a comprehensive monograph on him is still missing. In recent years, however, a number of students and scholars have been studying various aspects of Jacob’s works and some major publications may be expected in the near future. [3] This growing interest in Jacob’s works and place in Syriac literary culture has found expression, among other things, in a 35 36 Dirk Kruisheer, Lucas Van Rompay symposium organized at the University of Leiden on 4 and 5 April 1997 under the title “Jacob of Edessa († 708) and the Syriac culture of his day”. -
The Syrian Orthodox Church and Its Ancient Aramaic Heritage, I-Iii (Rome, 2001)
Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 5:1, 63-112 © 2002 by Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute SOME BASIC ANNOTATION TO THE HIDDEN PEARL: THE SYRIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH AND ITS ANCIENT ARAMAIC HERITAGE, I-III (ROME, 2001) SEBASTIAN P. BROCK UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD [1] The three volumes, entitled The Hidden Pearl. The Syrian Orthodox Church and its Ancient Aramaic Heritage, published by TransWorld Film Italia in 2001, were commisioned to accompany three documentaries. The connecting thread throughout the three millennia that are covered is the Aramaic language with its various dialects, though the emphasis is always on the users of the language, rather than the language itself. Since the documentaries were commissioned by the Syrian Orthodox community, part of the third volume focuses on developments specific to them, but elsewhere the aim has been to be inclusive, not only of the other Syriac Churches, but also of other communities using Aramaic, both in the past and, to some extent at least, in the present. [2] The volumes were written with a non-specialist audience in mind and so there are no footnotes; since, however, some of the inscriptions and manuscripts etc. which are referred to may not always be readily identifiable to scholars, the opportunity has been taken to benefit from the hospitality of Hugoye in order to provide some basic annotation, in addition to the section “For Further Reading” at the end of each volume. Needless to say, in providing this annotation no attempt has been made to provide a proper 63 64 Sebastian P. Brock bibliography to all the different topics covered; rather, the aim is simply to provide specific references for some of the more obscure items. -
The Apostolic Succession of the Right Rev. James Michael St. George
The Apostolic Succession of The Right Rev. James Michael St. George © Copyright 2014-2015, The International Old Catholic Churches, Inc. 1 Table of Contents Certificates ....................................................................................................................................................4 ......................................................................................................................................................................5 Photos ...........................................................................................................................................................6 Lines of Succession........................................................................................................................................7 Succession from the Chaldean Catholic Church .......................................................................................7 Succession from the Syrian-Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch..............................................................10 The Coptic Orthodox Succession ............................................................................................................16 Succession from the Russian Orthodox Church......................................................................................20 Succession from the Melkite-Greek Patriarchate of Antioch and all East..............................................27 Duarte Costa Succession – Roman Catholic Succession .........................................................................34 -
Syrian Orthodox from the Mosul Area Snelders, B
Identity and Christian-Muslim interaction : medieval art of the Syrian Orthodox from the Mosul area Snelders, B. Citation Snelders, B. (2010, September 1). Identity and Christian-Muslim interaction : medieval art of the Syrian Orthodox from the Mosul area. Peeters, Leuven. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/15917 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the License: Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/15917 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). 2. The Syrian Orthodox in their Historical and Artistic Settings 2.1 Northern Mesopotamia and Mosul The blossoming of ‘Syrian Orthodox art’ during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries is mainly attested for Northern Mesopotamia. At the time, Northern Mesopotamia was commonly known as the Jazira (Arabic for ‘island’), a geographic entity encompassing roughly the territory which is located between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, and lies north of Baghdad and south of Lake Van. 1 In ecclesiastical terms, this region is called Athur (Assyria). 2 Early Islamic historians and geographers distinguished three different districts: Diyar Mudar, Diyar Bakr, and Diyar Rabi cah. Today, these districts correspond more or less to eastern Syria, south-eastern Turkey, and northern Iraq, respectively. Mosul was the capital of the Diyar Rabi cah district, which ‘extended north from Takrit along both banks of the Tigris to the tributary Ba caynatha river a few kilometres north of Jazirat ibn cUmar (modern Cizre) and westwards along the southern slopes of the Tur cAbdin as far as the western limits of the Khabur Basin’. -
The Church and the Catholicate
The Church and the Catholicate Among the ancient Churches in Christendom, the Church of the East (Persian Church), the Armenian Church and the Georgian Church used the title Catholicos to designate the Supreme Heads of their Churches. The title indicates that the holder is the Head and Common Father of that particular Church. He is the Father of the Fathers. It was used by the Supreme Heads of the above mentioned three Churches, situated outside the boundary of the ancient Roman Empire. Thus the title became part of the common heritage of the Church of Christ. In the Roman Empire, in its place, the Chief Bishop was called Patriarch. Thus the bishops of Rome, Alexandria and Antioch were known as Patriarchs. The Bishops of Constantinople (today’s Istanbul in Turkey) and Jerusalem were raised to the status of Patriarch by the Ecumenical Council of Constantinople in 381 and Chalcedon in 451 respectively. Regarding the juridical and canonical powers, both Catholicos and Patriarch have the same rights and duties. Both are Father and Head of a sui juris Church (particular Church). Eventually the above mentioned three Catholicoi added the title Patriarch to their names. In Kerala/India it was in 1912 that the title Catholicos was introduced in the Syrian Jacobite (Orthodox) Church. Until that time the head of the Jacobite Church in India was known as the Malankara Metropolitan. The title Catholicos was established in India through the efforts of Fr. P. T. Geevarghese, a Jacobite priest (Archbishop Mar Ivanios in the Catholic Church since 1930), by the Senior Patriarch of Antioch, Mar Abd-al-Msiha, residing at that time in Tur-Abdin/Turkey. -
How Severus of Antioch's Writings Survived in Greek
Saving Severus: How Severus of Antioch’s Writings Survived in Greek Yonatan Moss N THE SUMMER of 536, following a failed attempt to reach a compromise between the advocates and opponents of the I Council of Chalcedon, Emperor Justinian came down reso- lutely on the Chalcedonian side. He issued a novella ordering all extant writings of Severus, exiled patriarch of Antioch and leading spokesman of the anti-Chalcedonian cause, to be burned.1 Possessors of Severus’ works faced harsh punishment and the hands of scribes found copying them were to be am- putated.2 The novella was to be distributed to all metropolitan bishops, who, in turn, were tasked with making sure it was pub- licly posted in each and every church throughout the Empire.3 1 The literature on Severus is large. Some recent major studies are: Pauline Allen and C. T. R. Hayward, Severus of Antioch (London/New York 2004); Frédéric Alpi, La route royale: Sévère d’Antioche I–II (Beirut 2009); Yonatan Moss, Incorruptible Bodies: Christology, Society and Authority in Late Antiquity (Berkeley/Los Angeles 2016); John D’Alton and Youhanna Youssef (eds.), Severus of Antioch: His Life and Times (Leiden 2016). 2 For the relevant part of Nov. 42, Constitutio sacra contra Anthimum, Severum, Petrum et Zoaram, dated 6 August 536, see R. Schoell and G. Kroll, Corpus Juris Civilis III (Berlin 1928) 263–269, at 266. Nov. 42 came in the wake of a home synod led by Menas of Constantinople in the spring of 536, which anathematized Severus’ writings as “feeding off the venom of the serpent, the originator of evil (δράκων ἀρχέκακος)”: Mansi VIII 1142D. -
1 Re-Negotiating Interconfessional
1 RE-NEGOTIATING INTERCONFESSIONAL BOUNDARIES THROUGH INTERTEXTUALITY: THE UNBORN IN THE KĀĀ -HUDDĀYĒ OF BARHEBRAEUS (D. 1286) FloriAn Jäckel ERC Projekt COBHUNI Universität HAmburg Asien-AfrikA-Institut Edmund-Siemers-Allee 1 | RAum 134 20146 HAmburg, GerMAny [email protected] ABSTRACT: THE ARTICLE ANALYZES THE KĀĀ -HUDDĀYĒ, A LEGAL WORK OF THE SYRIAC POLYMATH AND ECCLESIASTIC LEADER BARHEBRAEUS. THE INTERTEXTUAL STRATEGIES ARE ASSESSED, SUCH AS COMPILATION, REDACTION AND ADAPTION OF THE HUDDĀYĒ’S SOURCE MATERIAL, I.E. LEGAL COMPENDIA BY AL-GHAZĀLĪ, BY THE ḤANAFĪ AL-QUDŪRĪ AND TEXTS FROM CHRISTIAN TRADITION. IT IS ARGUED THAT THE DIFFERENT NORMATIVE BOUNDARIES ESTABLISHED BY THESE SOURCE TEXTS AND THEN INTERTEXTUALLY REWORKED BY BARHEBRAEUS IN THE HUDDĀYĒ CAN BE READ AS (RE-)NEGOTIATION OF COMMUNAL IDENTITY FOR A CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY IN AN ISLAMIC ENVIRONMENT. TWO TREATMENTS OF UNBORN LIFE AND PREGNANCY ARE TAKEN AS AN EXAMPLE: THE FUNERAL PRAYER FOR THE MISCARRIED CHILD AND FINANCIAL COMPENSATION IN CASE OF INDUCED MISCARRIAGE. 2 KEYWORDS: BArhebrAeus; Al-GhAzilj; intertextuAlity; interreligious reception processes; pre-nAtal life; IslAmic lAw; SyriAc-ChristiAn lAw BArhebrAeus, the SyriAc polyMAth And ecclesiAstic leAder, is A prime exAmple of encounters in the Middle Ages. He compiled his works froM A wide vAriety of sources, regArdless of the pArticulAr neld of knowledge. This Article is An Attempt to further identify source texts And AnAlyze BArhebrAeus’s Method of compilAtion, As Applied in his norMAtive work K āā -Huddāyē. As A scholAr, he wAs fAmiliAr with the dioerent intellectuAl trAditions of his environment. Yet he wAs Also A leAder of his church, nrst As bishop And lAter As MAphriAn, the heAd of the West SyriAn church in its eAstern territories.1 It is important to stress both of these roles he plAyed, scholAr And ecclesiAstic leAder, when AnAlyzing his K āā -Huddāyē or “Book of Directions.” Much As legAl compendiA Authored by MusliM contemporAries of BArhebrAeus, the Huddāyē preserves the eArlier trAdition. -
A New Development in the Malankara Catholic Church: Major Archiepiscopal Church Or Catholicate
Logos: A Journal of Eastern Christian Studies Vol. 46 (2005) Nos. 3–4, pp. 303–326 A New Development in the Malankara Catholic Church: Major Archiepiscopal Church or Catholicate John Madey Abstract (Українське резюме на ст. 326) The author continues his study of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, of which he is a leading scholar. This cur- rent research is based on new ecclesiological developments within this Church, which has recently been raised to the rank of a major archiepiscopal Church sui iuris according to Ca- tholic canonical norms. Madey traces the history of those developments in the canonical and conciliar literature, with special but not exclusive attention to the developments in the 20th century, chiefly in Cleri Sanctitati of Pope Pius XII; Orientalium Ecclesiarum of the Second Vatican Council; and the 1990 Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. The author differentiates ecclesial structures and canonical norms in Oriental Churches governed by a patriarch, major arch- bishop, catholicos, or maphrian. He details the role and responsibilities of the catholicos in particular, especially his election, his relationship with the other bishops of his Church, his internal responsibilities to his Church, and his external relationship to the Church and bishop of Rome, with which he, as head of the Syro-Malankara Church, is in full com- munion. ®®®®®®®® 304 John Madey On February 10, 2005, the Vatican Press Office published the following news: the Holy Father raised the Syro-Malankara Metropoli- tan Church sui iuris to the rank of a Major Archiepis- copal Church and promoted His Excellency Cyril Mar Baselios Malancharuvil, O.I.C., to the dignity of Major Archbishop of Trivandrum of the Syro-Malankarians.1 The apostolic nuncio in India, who communicated this news to the public, explained that the new dignity is equivalent to that of catholicos. -
Propagowanie Monoenergizmu Jako Wyzwanie Dla Tożsamości Niechalcedońskiego Chrześcijaństwa
VOX PATRUM 38 (2018) t. 69 Oleksandr KASHCHUK* THE PROMOTION OF MIAENERGISM AS A CHALLENGE TO IDENTITY OF NON-CHALCEDONIAN CHRISTIANITY The late Roman Empire of the sixth and seventh centuries had become thoroughly Christian. However, in course of time disagreement concerning Christian belief became the force on the basis of which the Empire was inter- nally divided into different branches. By the sixth century the most significant religious groups were known as Chalcedonians and non-Chalcedonians – pre- dominantly Miaphysites and Nestorians1. Each group developed its own sense of self-consciousness depending on Christological doctrine: on the one hand, the Chalcedonians confessed the two natures of Christ united in one person of God the Logos, on the other hand the Miaphysites believed in one nature of Christ and Nestorians proclaimed the two natures in Christ to be separated. It led to different senses of identity. Such situation did not favor the political unification of the inhabitants of the Empire, which was in an ardent need of harmony, especially in the seventh century, while in the face of external danger of invasions from the Avars, Slavs, Persians and the Arabs2. * Oleksandr Kashchuk Ph.D. – Assistant Professor in the Department of History of the Middle Ages and Byzantium at the Faculty of History of Lviv Ivan Franko National University and As- sistant Professor in the Department of Theology at the Faculty of Philosophy and Theology of Lviv Ukrainian Catholic University; e-mail: [email protected]. 1 The process of development of divisions in the Byzantine Church was well described by Sławomir Bralewski.