Annual Report 2009

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Annual Report 2009 Koninklijke Sterrenwacht van België Observatoire royal de Belgique Royal Observatory of Belgium Mensen voor Aarde en Ruimte,, Aarde en Ruimte voor Mensen Des hommes et des femmes pour la Terre et l'Espace, La Terre et l'Espace pour l'Homme Jaarverslag 2009 Rapport Annuel 2009 Annual Report 2009 2 De activiteiten beschreven in dit verslag werden ondersteund door Les activités décrites dans ce rapport ont été soutenues par The activities described in this report were supported by De POD Wetenschapsbeleid / Le SPP Politique Scientifique De Nationale Loterij La Loterie Nationale Het Europees Ruimtevaartagentschap L’Agence Spatiale Européenne De Europese Gemeenschap La Communauté Européenne Het Fond voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek – Vlaanderen Le Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Le Fonds pour la formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA) Instituut voor de aanmoediging van innovatie door Wetenschap & Technologie in Vlaanderen Privé-sponsoring door Mr. G. Berthault / Sponsoring privé par M. G. Berthault 3 Beste lezer, Cher lecteur, Ik heb het genoegen u hierbij het jaarverslag 2009 van de J'ai le plaisir de vous présenter le rapport annuel 2009 de Koninklijke Sterrenwacht van België (KSB) voor te l'Observatoire royal de Belgique (ORB). Comme le veut stellen. Zoals ondertussen traditie is geworden, wordt het désormais la tradition, le rapport est séparé en trois par- verslag in drie aparte delen voorgesteld, namelijk een ties distinctes. La première est consacrée aux onderdeel gewijd aan de wetenschappelijke activiteiten, activités scientifiques, la deuxième contient les activités een tweede deel dat de publieke dienstverlening omvat en de service public et la troisième présente les services tenslotte een onderdeel waarin de ondersteunende d'appui. diensten zich voorstellen. Les activités principales de l'ORB sont intimement liées à De kernactiviteiten van de KSB situeren zich in het la recherche scientifique, il ne faut donc pas s'étonner de wetenschappelijk onderzoek, en het hoeft dan ook niet te voir que celle-ci constitue de loin la plus grande partie du verbazen dat dit veruit het grootste deel van het verslag rapport. Nous utilisons également ce rapport afin de pré- uitmaakt. Aangezien we dit verslag ook gebruiken om senter nos activités à nos collègues qui, pour la plupart, onze activiteiten voor te stellen aan onze collega’s, die se trouvent à l'étranger. Aussi, avons-nous choisi de rédi- voornamelijk in het buitenland te vinden zijn, opteren we ger cette partie en anglais. er tevens voor dit deel van het verslag in het Engels op te stellen. La grande nouveauté de ce rapport est que, lors de sa ré- Een belangrijke nieuwigheid is dat we bij het opstellen daction, nous avons suivi la nouvelle structure de l'Obser- van dit verslag de ordening volgen van de nieuwe vatoire, constituée de quatre directions opérationnelles, structuur van de Sterrenwacht, bestaande uit vier comme l’établit l'Arrêté ministériel du 22 février 2010. operationele directies, zoals vastgelegd in het Au sein de chaque direction opérationnelle, les activités Ministerieel Besluit van 22 februari 2010. Binnen elke sont divisées en thèmes scientifiques ; ce qui n'exclut pas operationele directie worden de activiteiten qu’il puisse il y avoir certains chevauchements entre les onderverdeeld in een aantal wetenschappelijke thema’s, thèmes et les directions opérationnelles. La liste impres- hetgeen uiteraard niet uitsluit dat er een aantal sionnante des publications est reprise dans un chapitre overlappende onderdelen zijn tussen thema’s en directies. annexe situé après la première partie du rapport. De indrukwekkende lijst van publicaties wordt gebundeld in een apart hoofdstuk achteraan deel 1 van het verslag. 4 Het is moeilijk de hoofdpunten van onze activiteiten aan te duiden zonder oneer aan te doen aan de activiteiten die hier niet apart vermeld worden, maar wij raden u alvast een bijzondere lectuur aan van onze deelname aan het pilootproject voor Precise Point Positioning TAIPPP (blz. 13), de installatie van onze GNSS apparatuur op de Il est difficile de souligner les principaux points de nos Poolbasis Prinses Elisabeth (blz. 18), de opvolging van activités sans dévaloriser les activités qui ne sont pas ci- de reeks aardbevingen in de buurt van Court-St.-Etienne tées ici, mais nous vous invitons à porter une attention (blz. 59) en de aanvang van vulkanische monitoring in toute particulière à la lecture de notre participation au Indonesië (blz. 57). Opmerkelijk zijn ook de nieuwe projet pilote de positionnement précis TAIPPP (p. 13), à opportuniteiten voor astronomische waarnemingen, zoals l'installation de notre appareillage GNSS à la Station po- de gegevens van de satellieten CoRoT en Kepler (blz. laire Princesse-Elisabeth (p. 18), au suivi de la série de 98), Herschell (gelanceerd op 14 mei, blz. 112), de eerste tremblements de terre survenus dans la région de Court- waarnemingscampagnes met de spectrafraaf Hermes (blz St.-Etienne (p. 59) et au début de la surveillance de l’acti- 138), of nog de gegevens van de nieuwe satellite ‘made vité volcanique en Indonésie (p. 57). Soulignons égale- in Belgium’, PROBA2 (blz 200). In de nabije toekomst ment les nouvelles opportunités d'observations astrono- kijken we ook uit naar de lancering van de satellieten miques, comme les données des satellites CoRoT et Ke- GAIA (blz. 129) en SDO (blz. 203). pler (p. 98), Herschel (lancé le 14 mai, p. 112), les pre- mières campagnes d'observation menées à l'aide du spec- Wat de publieksgerichte activiteiten betreft vermelden we trographe Hermes (p. 138), ou encore les données du de zeer succesvolle opendeurdagen (blz 273) en de grote nouveau satellite "made in Belgium", PROBA2 (p. 200). stap voorwaarts voor het Planetarium op de Heizel: de Dans un avenir proche, nous guetterons aussi le lance- installatie van een full-dome projectiesysteem (blz. 264). ment des satellites GAIA (p. 129) et SDO (p. 203). Uit deze en alle andere bijdragen aan dit jaarverslag is Quant aux activités destinées au public, nous citerons les duidelijk dat dit andermaal een productief jaar was voor journées portes ouvertes qui furent une grande réussite het wetenschappelijk onderzoek aan de Koninklijke (p. 273) et l’avancée réalisée par le Planétarium du Hey- Sterrenwacht van België. sel : l'installation d'un système de projection "full dome" Ik wens u een aangename lectuur! (p. 264). Ronald Van der Linden Au vu de ce rapport annuel, il apparaît clairement que cette année fut une nouvelle année productive pour la re- Algemeen Directeur cherche scientifique à l'Observatoire royal de Belgique. Je vous souhaite une agréable lecture ! Ronald Van der Linden Directeur général 5 Deel 1: Wetenschappelijke activiteiten Partie 1: Activités Scientifiques Part 1: Scientific Activities 6 7 Summary REFERENCE SYSTEMS AND PLANETOLOGY .......................................................................... 9 A. Reference Systems ........................................................................................................................ 13 B. Planetary Science .......................................................................................................................... 29 SEISMOLOGY AND GRAVIMETRY ............................................................................................ 55 C. Seismology, seismic hazards and risks, earthquake monitoring ................................................ 55 D. Gravimetry and present-day deformation of the lithosphere ...................................................... 71 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ................................................................................................ 79 E. Asteroids ........................................................................................................................................ 80 F. Digitisation .................................................................................................................................... 83 G. Binaries ........................................................................................................................................ 87 H. Asteroseismology .......................................................................................................................... 90 I. Instrumentation ..................................................................................................................... 101 J. Stellar winds and circumstellar structures ................................................................................. 103 K. Variable Stars, Binary Stars and Stars in Young Stellar Groups ............................................. 115 L. Astrophysical Software and databases ....................................................................................... 124 M. Gaia data reduction ................................................................................................................... 128 N. HERMES echelle spectrograph ................................................................................................. 137 Solar Physics and Space Weather .................................................................................................. 141 O. Fundamental Research into Solar Atmosphere, Heliosphere, and Space Weather ................ 141 P. Solar instrumentation ................................................................................................................. 169 ........................................................................................................................................................
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