Annual Report 2019 Contents
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M.V. Solita's Passage Notes
M.V. SOLITA’S PASSAGE NOTES SABAH BORNEO, MALAYSIA Updated August 2014 1 CONTENTS General comments Visas 4 Access to overseas funds 4 Phone and Internet 4 Weather 5 Navigation 5 Geographical Observations 6 Flags 10 Town information Kota Kinabalu 11 Sandakan 22 Tawau 25 Kudat 27 Labuan 31 Sabah Rivers Kinabatangan 34 Klias 37 Tadian 39 Pura Pura 40 Maraup 41 Anchorages 42 2 Sabah is one of the 13 Malaysian states and with Sarawak, lies on the northern side of the island of Borneo, between the Sulu and South China Seas. Sabah and Sarawak cover the northern coast of the island. The lower two‐thirds of Borneo is Kalimantan, which belongs to Indonesia. The area has a fascinating history, and probably because it is on one of the main trade routes through South East Asia, Borneo has had many masters. Sabah and Sarawak were incorporated into the Federation of Malaysia in 1963 and Malaysia is now regarded a safe and orderly Islamic country. Sabah has a diverse ethnic population of just over 3 million people with 32 recognised ethnic groups. The largest of these is the Malays (these include the many different cultural groups that originally existed in their own homeland within Sabah), Chinese and “non‐official immigrants” (mainly Filipino and Indonesian). In recent centuries piracy was common here, but it is now generally considered relatively safe for cruising. However, the nearby islands of Southern Philippines have had some problems with militant fundamentalist Muslim groups – there have been riots and violence on Mindanao and the Tawi Tawi Islands and isolated episodes of kidnapping of people from Sabah in the past 10 years or so. -
Property Market 2013
Property Market 2013 www.wtw.com.my C H Williams Talhar and Wong 30.01, 30th Floor, Menara Multi-Purpose@CapSquare, 8 Jalan Munshi Abdullah, 51000 Kuala Lumpur Tel: 03-2616 8888 Fax: 03-2616 8899 KDN No. PP013/07/2012 (030726) Property Market 2013 www.wtw.com.my C H Williams Talhar and Wong 30.01, 30th Floor, Menara Multi-Purpose@CapSquare, 8 Jalan Munshi Abdullah, 51000 Kuala Lumpur Tel: 03-2616 8888 Fax: 03-2616 8899 KDN No. PP013/07/2012 (030726) CH Williams Talhar & Wong established in 1960, is a leading real estate services company in Malaysia & Brunei (headquartered in Kuala Lumpur) operating with 25 branches and associated offices. HISTORY Colin Harold Williams established C H Williams & Co, Chartered Surveyor, Valuer and Estate Agent in 1960 in Kuala Lumpur. In 1974, the company merged with Talhar & Co, a Johor-base Chartered Surveying and Valuation company under the sole-proprietorship of Mohd Talhar Abdul Rahman. With the inclusion of Wong Choon Kee, in a 3-way equal partnership arrangement, C H Williams Talhar and Wong was founded. PRESENT MANAGEMENT The Group is headed by Chairman, Mohd Talhar Abdul Rahman who guides the group on policy de- velopments and identifies key marketing strategies which have been instrumental in maintaining the strong competitive edge of WTW. The current Managing Directors of the WTW Group operations are: C H Williams Talhar & Wong Sdn Bhd Foo Gee Jen C H Williams Talhar & Wong (Sabah) Sdn Bhd Robin Chung York Bin C H Williams Talhar Wong & Yeo Sdn Bhd (operating in Sarawak) Robert Ting Kang Sung -
The Financial Year 2012 Was, Without Doubt, Another Challenging Period for Tenaga Nasional Berhad (Tnb)
KEEPING THE LIGHTS ON YOU SEE Tenaga Nasional Berhad www.tnb.com.my No. 129, Jalan Bangsar, 59200 Kuala Lumpur Tel: 603 2180 4582 Fax: 603 2180 4589 Email: [email protected] Annual Report Annual 2012 Tenaga Nasional Berhad Tenaga 200866-W annual report 2012 WE SEE... OUR COMMITMENT TO THE NATION >OH[ `V\ ZLL PZ Q\Z[ VUL ZTHSS WPLJL VM [OL IPN WPJ[\YL 6\Y YVSL PZ [V WYV]PKL TPSSPVUZ VM 4HSH`ZPHUZ ^P[O HMMVYKHISL YLSPHISL LMMPJPLU[ HUK \UPU[LYY\W[LK HJJLZZ [V LSLJ[YPJP[` -YVT WV^LYPUN [OL UH[PVU»Z HKTPUPZ[YH[P]L JHWP[HS [V SPNO[PUN \W OV\ZLOVSKZ HUK LTWV^LYPUN HSS ZLJ[VYZ VM [OL LJVUVT` ^L OH]L OLSWLK YHPZL [OL X\HSP[` VM SPML PU [OL JV\U[Y` HUK ZW\Y [OL UH[PVU»Z WYVNYLZZ V]LY [OL `LHYZ 4VYL [OHU Q\Z[ SPNO[PUN \W OVTLZ HUK Z[YLL[Z ;5) PZ JVTTP[[LK [V LUZ\YPUN [OH[ L]LY` 4HSH`ZPHU PZ HISL [V LUQV` [OL ILULMP[Z VM LSLJ[YPJP[` LHJO HUK L]LY` KH` VM [OL `LHY I` RLLWPUN [OL SPNO[Z VU KEEPING THE LIGHTS ON INSIDEwhat’s TO BE AMONG THE LEADING VISION CORPORATIONS IN ENERGY AND RELATED BUSINESSES 4 Notice of the 22nd Annual General Meeting 7 Appendix I 9 Statement Accompanying Notice GLOBALLY of the 22nd Annual General Meeting 10 Financial Calendar 11 Investor Relations 14 Share Performance WE ARE 15 Facts at a Glance 16 Chairman’s Letter to Shareholders COMMITTED TO 22 President/CEO’s Review 33 Key Highlights 34 Key Financial Highlights EXCELLENCE 35 Five-Year Group Financial Summary MISSION IN OUR 36 Five-Year Group Growth Summary PRODUCTS AND SERVICES KEEPING THE LIGHTS ON Corporate Framework Operations Review 40 About Us 135 Core Businesses 42 Corporate Information 136 Generation 1 44 Group Corporate Structure 142 Transmission 5 46 Organisational Structure 146 Distribution 47 Awards & Recognition 153 Non-Core Businesses 51 Key Past Awards 154 New Business & Major Projects 54 Media Highlights 160 Group Finance 56 Calendar of Events 163 Planning 62 Milestones Over 60 Years 168 Corporate Affairs & Services 175 Procurement Performance Review Other Services 179 Sabah Electricity Sdn. -
Precipice 2010 Itinerary Group 1
PRECIPICE 2010 ITINERARY (26th February – 5th March) GROUP 1 www.cms.ac.in 1 SRILANKAN AIRLINES BLR‐CMB‐KUL‐CMB‐BLR Flight Dep Date Route Dep Arr Arr Date 1 UL172G 26FEB BLRCMB 2105 2230 26FEB 2 UL312G 27FEB CMBKUL 0720 1320 27FEB 3 UL316G 05MAR KULCMB 0910 1010 05MAR 4 UL171G 05MAR CMBBLR 1840 2005 05MAR 26 FEB 2010 BANGALORE 1700hrs Report at Bangalore International Airport (Carry an extra pair of clothes, after all, YOU are going to SRILANKA as well.) 2105hrs Depart to Colombo via UL172 2230hrs Arrival at Colombo International Airport 2230hrs Transfer to Hotel 2300hrs Arrival at Hotel 27 FEB 2010 KUALA LUMPUR 0400hrs Transfer to Colombo International Airport 0720hrs Departure from Colombo International Airport.. 1320hrs Arrival at KLIA Complete immigrations and Customs formalities. 1430hrs Depart for Hotel Grand Seasons . Enroute a snack box will be handed over to you . 1530hrs Welcome Reception at Grand Seasons. Check into your rooms. 1730hrs Sight‐seeing and shopping at own leisure. 1930hrs Dinner at Gateway of India Overnight at The Grand Seasons 28 FEB 2010 KUALA LUMPUR/KUALA PERLIS 0730 to 1030hrs Breakfast at Grand Seasons 1030 to 1300 leisure time and check out of hotel . 1330hrs Lunch at Gateway of India, KL 1530hrs City tour of Kuala Lumpur 2000hrs Dinner at the Gateway of India, KL 2200hrs Meet and Transfer to Kuala Perlis 01 MARCH 2010 LANGKAWI 0600hrs Transfer to the Ferry Terminal 0830hrs Arrival at Langkawi Ferry terminal. 0900hrs Breakfast at Palace D’ India. Transfer to the Berjaya Langkawi Resort & Spa. 1230hrs Lunch at The Palace D’ India & British Raj. -
KUALA LUMPUR Your Free Copy ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
www.facebook.com/friendofmalaysia twitter.com/tourismmalaysia Published by Tourism Malaysia, Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Malaysia KUALA LUMPUR Your Free Copy ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No portion of this publication may be reproduced in The Dazzling Capital City whole or part without the written permission of the publisher. While every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained herein is correct at the time of publication, Tourism Malaysia shall not be held liable for any errors, omissions or inaccuracies which may occur. KL (English) / IH / PS April 2015 (0415) (TRAFFICKING IN ILLEGAL DRUGS CARRIES THE DEATH PENALTY) 1 CONTENTS 4 DOING THE SIGHTS 38 SENSATIONAL SHOPPING 5 Prestigious Landmarks 39 Shopping Malls 6 Heritage Sites 42 Craft Centres 10 Places of Worship 43 Street Markets and Bazaars 12 Themed Attractions 44 Popular Malaysian Souvenirs 14 TROPICAL ENCLAVES 45 EATING OUT 15 Perdana Botanical Gardens 46 Malay Cuisine 16 KLCC Park 46 Chinese Cuisine 17 Titiwangsa Lake Gardens 46 Indian Cuisine 17 National Zoo 46 Mamak Cuisine 17 Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve 47 International Cuisine 47 Malaysian Favourites 18 TREASURE TROVES 49 Popular Restaurants in KL 19 Museums 21 Galleries 52 BEYOND THE CITY 22 Memorials 53 Kuala Selangor Fireflies 53 Batu Caves 23 RELAX AND REJUVENATE 53 Forest Research Institute of Malaysia 24 Spa Retreats (FRIM) 25 Healthcare 54 Putrajaya 54 Port Dickson 26 ENTHRALLING PERFORMANCES 54 Genting Highlands 27 Premier Concert Halls 55 Berjaya Hills 27 Cultural Shows 55 Cameron Highlands 28 Fine Arts Centres 55 Melaka 29 CELEBRATIONS GALORE 56 USEFUL INFORMATION 30 Religious Festivals 57 Accommodation 31 Events and Celebrations 61 Getting There 62 Getting Around 33 ENTERTAINMENT AND 65 Useful Contacts EXCITEMENT 66 Malaysia at a Glance 34 Theme Parks 67 Saying it in Malay 35 Sports and Recreation 68 Map of Kuala Lumpur 37 Nightlife 70 Tourism Malaysia Offices 2 Welcome to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia’s dazzling capital city Kuala Lumpur or KL is a modern metropolis amidst colourful cultures. -
Business Name Business Category Outlet Address State 2020 Motor
Business Name Business Category Outlet Address State 2020 Motor Automotive TB 12186 LOT A 13 TAMAN MEGAH JAYA,JALAN APASTAWAU Sabah 616 Auto Parts Co Automotive Kian yap Industrial lot 113 lorong durians 112 Lorong Durian 5 88450 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia Sabah 88 Bikers Automotive D-G-5, Ground Floor, Block D, Komersial 88/288 Marketplace, Ph.10A, Jalan Pintas, Kepayan RidgeSabah Sabah Alpha Motor Trading Automotive Alpha Motor Trading Jalan Sapi Nangoh Sabah Malaysia Sabah anna car rental Automotive Sandakan Airport Sabah Apollo service centre Automotive Kudat Sabah Malaysia Sabah AQIQ ENTERPRISE Automotive Lorong Cyber Perdana 3 Penampang Sabah Malaysia 89500 Sabah ar rizqi Automotive Beaufort, Sabah, Malaysia Sabah Armada KK Automobile Sdn Bhd Automotive Ground Floor, Lot No.46, Block E, Asia City, Phase 1B Sabah arsy hany car rental Automotive rumah murah peringkat 1 no 54 Pekan Beaufort Sabah Atlanz Tyres Automotive Kampung Keliangau, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Sabah Autocycle Motor Sdn Bhd Automotive lot 39, grd polytechnic, 8, Jalan Politeknik, Tuaran, Sabah, Malaysia Sabah Autohaven Superstore Automotive kg sin san peti surat 588 Kudat Sabah Malaysia Sabah Automotive Electrical Tec Automotive No 3, Block H, Hakka Building, Mile 5,5, Tuaran Road, Inanam, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Sabah Azmi Sparepart Automotive Papar Sabah Malaysia Sabah Bad Monkey Garage Automotive Kg Landong Ayang Jln Landong Ayang 2 Kg Landong Ayang Jalan Landong Ayang II Kudat Sabah Malaysia Sabah BANLEE MOTOR Automotive BANLEE MOTORBATU 1 JLN MERINTAMAN98850 -
Property Market Review 2018 / 2019 Contents
PROPERTY MARKET REVIEW 2018 / 2019 CONTENTS Foreword Property Northern 02 04 Market 07 Region Snapshot Central Southern East Coast 31 Region 57 Region 75 Region East Malaysia The Year Glossary 99 Region 115 Ahead 117 This publication is prepared by Rahim & Co Research for information only. It highlights only selected projects as examples in order to provide a general overview of property market trends. Whilst reasonable care has been exercised in preparing this document, it is subject to change without notice. Interested parties should not rely on the statements or representations made in this document but must satisfy themselves through their own investigation or otherwise as to the accuracy. This publication may not be reproduced in any form or in any manner, in part or as a whole, without writen permission from the publisher, Rahim & Co Research. The publisher accepts no responsibility or liability as to its accuracy or to any party for reliance on the contents of this publication. 2 FOREWORD by Tan Sri Dato’ (Dr) Abdul Rahim Abdul Rahman 2018 has been an eventful year for all Malaysians, as Speed Rail) project. This move was lauded by the World witnessed by Pakatan Harapan’s historical win in the 14th Bank, who is expecting Malaysia’s economy to expand at General Election. The word “Hope”, or in the parlance of 4.7% in 2019 and 4.6% in 2020 – a slower growth rate in the younger generation – “#Hope”, could well just be the the short term as a trade-off for greater stability ahead, theme to aptly define and summarize the current year and as the nation addresses its public sector debt and source possibly the year ahead. -
Malaysia Real Estate Highlights
RESEARCH REAL ESTATE HIGHLIGHTS 1ST HALF 2019 KUALA LUMPUR PENANG JOHOR BAHRU KOTA KINABALU HIGHLIGHTS KUALA LUMPUR More market activity in the high-end condominium / HIGH END CONDOMINIUM serviced apartment segment (> RM1 million) in 2018 and MARKET this momentum is expected to continue into 2019. MARKET SUPPLY AND 1H2019 saw the launches of a INDICATIONS DEMAND few high-end condominium / The Malaysian economy continues with As of 1H2019, the completion of 602 units serviced apartment projects in its growth momentum albeit at a slower of high-end condominiums / serviced Kuala Lumpur City. The projects pace of 4.7% in 2018 (2017: 5.9%). It apartments from two projects brought are generally smaller in scale, on continued to expand 4.5% in 1Q2019 the cumulative supply in Kuala Lumpur pockets of land. (4Q2018: 4.7%), supported by private to 56,786(R) units. The completed projects sector expenditure. For the whole year were Opus KL (357 units) and Residensi The prices of new launches of 2019, economic growth is expected Sefina (245 units). remain flattish as the high-end to range between 4.3% and 4.8%. In (Note: (R) The cumulative supply has residential segment continues to May 2019, the Department of Statistics been revised) be challenging. Malaysia (DOSM) rebased of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP), The scheduled completion of Sky Suites In the secondary market, the from year 2010 to 2015. @ KLCC (986 units), 8 Kia Peng (442 units), Tower 1 and Tower 2 @ Star overall transacted price of The current period of low headline Residences (1,039 units), Aria KLCC selected schemes analysed was inflation, recorded at 1.0% in 2018 (2017: (598 units), Stonor 3 (400 units), Novum lower by 1.6% when compared 3.7%), is largely due to key policies such Bangsar (729 units), TWY Mont’ Kiara to 2018 as purchasers continue as the fixing of domestic retail fuel prices (484 units), Arte Mont’ Kiara (1,706 to be spoilt for choice. -
(Emco) Sop in the State of Selangor Effective Date : 3 July 2021
ENHANCED MOVEMENT CONTROL ORDER (EMCO) SOP IN THE STATE OF SELANGOR EFFECTIVE DATE : 3 JULY 2021 Permitted Activities Effective Period 24 hours Permitted Hours As prescribed in the brief Movement of Allowed with for Activities description Residents conditions • One (1) representative from each home to buy necessities. ACTIVITY AND PROTOCOL • Essential services. Measure Brief Description Prohibited Activities AWALSELIA K – KAWALA Effective Period 3 July 2021 (12:01 am) to 16 July 2021 (11:59 pm) • Leaving the home for activities Areas Involved a) Petaling District: Petaling, Damansara, Sg. Buloh and Bukit Raja sub-districts other than those permitted without PDRM permission. b) Hulu Langat District: Hulu Langat, Ampang, Cheras Kajang, Semenyih and Beranang sub- • Exiting the area by residents. districts • Entry of others into an EMCO area. c) Sepang District: Dengkil, Labu and Sepang sub-districts Standing Orders d) Gombak District: Batu, Rawang, Setapak, Hulu Kelang and Kuang sub-districts • Subsection 11(3) of Act 342. • Subject to conditions issued by the e) Kuala Langat District: Tanjung 12 (1), Tanjung 12 (2), Teluk Panglima, Garang, Morib, Bandar, NSC and MOH. Jugra and Batu sub-districts • Other orders issued from time to time by the Authorized Officer f) Klang District: Kapar and Klang sub-districts under Act 342. g) Kuala Selangor District: Ijok, Bestari Jaya and Jeram sub-districts h) Hulu Selangor District: Serendah, Rasa, Ulu Yam and Batang Kali sub-districts For EMCOs in CLQ LRT 3 Sunway Constructions (Klang), Westlite SS 8 (Petaling Jaya), Mentari Court PJS 8 (Petaling Jaya), Taman Murni (Sepang) and CLQ Gardens Kundang Jaya (Rawang) please refer to the currently effective EMCO SOP. -
Laporan Tahunan Annual Report
LAPORAN ANNUAL TAHUNAN 2012 REPORT The corporate logo comprises the word BERJAYA in gold and a symbol made up of closely interwoven Bs in rich cobalt blue with gold lining around the circumference and a gold dot in the centre. BERJAYA means “success” in Bahasa Malaysia and reflects the success and Malaysian character of Berjaya Corporation’s core businesses. The intertwining Bs of the symbol represent our strong foundations and the constant synergy taking place within the Berjaya Corporation group of companies. Each B faces a different direction, depicting the varied strengths of the companies that make up the Berjaya Corporation group of companies. 01 Corporate Profile CONTENTS 02 Corporate Information 03 Profile of Directors 10 Chairman’s Statement and Review of Operations 46 Corporate Structure 48 Group Financial Summary 49 Group Financial Highlights 50 Statement on Corporate Governance 56 Statement on Internal Control 58 Audit Committee Report 61 Financial Statements 222 List of Properties 241 Material Contracts 241 Additional Information 242 Group Addresses 246 Recurrent Related Party Transactions of a Revenue or Trading Nature 252 Statement of Directors’ Shareholdings 254 Statistics on Shares and Convertible Securities 262 Notice of Annual General Meeting Form of Proxy Salt Pool - The Chateau Spa & Organic Wellness Resort, Berjaya Hills, Pahang. The Taaras Beach & Spa Resort, Redang Interior - Savanna Condominium, Island, Terengganu. Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur. Garden Villas, Hanoi, Vietnam. CoRPoRAte PRofiLe The Berjaya Corporation group of companies’ history dates back to 1984 when the Founder, Tan Sri Dato’ Seri Vincent Tan Chee Yioun acquired a major controlling stake in Berjaya Industrial Berhad (originally known as Berjaya Kawat Berhad and now known as Reka Pacific Berhad) from the founders, Broken Hill Proprietary Ltd, Australia and National Iron & Steel Mills, Singapore. -
Subang Jaya, Malaysia – an Action Plan Towards Adequate Housing for All”
Affordable Living in Sustainable Cities Congress Newcastle NSW 2018 “TOD Initiatives in the City of Subang Jaya, Malaysia – An Action Plan towards Adequate Housing for All” By KHAIRIAH TALHA Hon. President EAROPH 1 SUBANG JAYA CITY PROFILE 2 KEY PLAN LOCATION PLAN PERAK Perlis THAILAND Kedah Sabak PAHANG Bernam Hulu P.Pinang Selangor Kelantan Kuala Terengganu Laut China Selangor Perak Selatan Gombak KUALA Pahang PetalingLUMPUR Hulu Langat Selangor Klang MPSJ MPSJ K.Lumpur Putrajaya N.Sembilan Kuala Langat NEGERI Melaka Sepang SEMBILAN Johor INDONESIA SINGAPURA 3 ADJOINING DEVELOPMENTS 4 POPULATION MPSJ TOTAL AREA PROJECTION 2015 - 2035 CURRENT YEAR 2015 POPULATION 798,830 YEAR 2020 968,930 16,180.00 YEAR 2025 HECTARE 1,161,513 YEAR 2030 1,349,841 YEAR 2035 1,556,6565 POPULATION PROJECTION FOR MPSJ 2015 - 2035 900,000 800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2020 YEAR 2025 YEAR 2030 YEAR 2035 MALE FEMALE GENDER 2010 % 2015 % 2020 % 2025 % 2030 % 2035 % MALE 335,567 51.24 406,636 50.90 490,031 50.57 583,920 50.27 673,885 49.92 772,057 49.60 FEMALE 319,385 48.76 392,194 49.10 478,899 49.43 577,592 49.73 675,957 50.08 784,599 50.40 Total 654,952 100.00 798,829 100.00 968,930 100.00 1,161,512 100.00 1,349,842 100.00 1,556,656 100.006 CURRENT LANDUSE ( 2015) EXISTING HOUSING ( 2015) HIGH-RISE HOUSING, 9.33 HOUSING / RESIDENTIAL LOW COST TOWN HOUSE, 25% CLUSTER, 0.07 HIGH-RISE, 3.68 TRANSPORTATION 0.47 26% TERREACE HOUSING, GOVERNMENT 40.77 QUARTER, 0.03 OTHERS, 11.78 WATER BODIES 1% VACANT LAND -
Off Pitch: Football's Financial Integrity Weaknesses, and How to Strengthen
Off Pitch: Football’s financial integrity weaknesses, and how to strengthen them Matt Andrews and Peter Harrington CID Working Paper No. 311 January 2016 Copyright 2016 Andrews, Matt; Harrington, Peter; and the President and Fellows oF Harvard College Working Papers Center for International Development at Harvard University Off Pitch: Football’s financial integrity weaknesses, and how to strengthen them Matt Andrews and Peter Harrington1 Abstract Men’s professional football is the biggest sport in the world, producing (by our estimate) US $33 billion a year. All is not well in the sector, however, with regular scandals raising questions about the role of money in the sport. The 2015 turmoil around FIFA is obviously the most well known example, creating a crisis in confidence in the sector. This study examines these questions, and the financial integrity weaknesses they reveal; it also offers ideas to strengthen the weaknesses. The study argues that football’s financial integrity weaknesses extend far beyond FIFA. These weaknesses have emerged largely because the sector is dominated by a small elite of clubs, players and owners centered in Europe’s top leagues. The thousands of clubs beyond this elite have very little resources, constituting a vast base of ‘have-nots’ in football’s financial pyramid. This pyramid developed in recent decades, fuelled by concentrated growth in new revenue sources (like sponsorships, and broadcasting). The growth has also led to increasingly complex transactions—in player transfers, club ownership and financing (and more)—and an expansion in opportunities for illicit practices like match-fixing, money laundering and human trafficking. We argue that football’s governing bodies – including FIFA – helped establish this pyramid.