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Discussion Report: Food Security in Vietnam - Enforcing Policies and Responding to Climate Change from the Rice Sector

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Discussion Report: Food Security in Vietnam - Enforcing Policies and Responding to Climate Change from the Rice Sector ___________________________________________________________________________ 2017/PPFS/WKSP1/009 Discussion Report: Food Security in Vietnam - Enforcing Policies and Responding to Climate Change from the Rice Sector Submitted by: Viet Nam Workshop on Strengthening APEC Cooperation on Food Security and Climate Change Ha Noi, Viet Nam 19-21 April 2017 4/5/2017 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM DICUSSSION REPORT Food security in Vietnam- Enforcing policies and Responding to climate change from the rice sector Overview of the rice sector in Vietnam 1 4/5/2017 Rice supply-demand balance in Vietnam and rice exports Tr. Ton Policy enforcement Before 2016 a. Policy on production development : • From 2016-present + Support farmers to protect and develop rice land + Tax support, irrigation fee for rice farmers. Decision No. 1898/QD-BNN- + Support to overcome damage caused by natural disasters, epidemics TT of 2016 approving the + Policies on preferential credit, support rice production to ensure safety under VietGAP; Policy to support mechanization and reduce post-harvest Project "Restructuring losses. b. Policy on development of rice processing and by-products Vietnam Rice Sector to 2020 consumption + Support for new technology, trial production, and processing facilities. with a Vision to 2030" issued + Credit support to purchase machinery products, mechanical equipment, by the Ministry of Agriculture facilities for agricultural production and processing + Support the construction of raw material areas, to link production and and Rural Development consumption of paddy rice + The Decision 706/QD-TTg in 2015 approving the scheme on development of Vietnam's rice brand to 2020 with a vision to 2030 promulgated by the Prime Minister. c. Policy on trade development, import-export management : + Policyto buy rice for temporary storage and "orientation“ price + Business management, rice import and export management + Export control policy when market fluctuations + Credit for rice trade e. Policy on encouraging and developing linkages in rice production 2 4/5/2017 Good practices in rice production in Vietnam The Seed Science and Technology program invests in research and selection of new short-term varieties with resistance to pests, diseases, and surroundings; The new rice variety set contributes to raising average Rice is rice productivity of the whole Economy and reducing the risk of approved abnormal changes of climate. by the governm ent as a The results of a survey (DCP-MARD) showed that the whole economy domestic cultivated 154 varieties of non-glutinous rice; 80 super hybrid rice product; varieties; 18 varieties of sticky rice. There are 4 varieties with an one of 4 cultivated area of over 0.5 million hectares; 5 varieties from 0.2 to 0.5 domestic million hectares; 5 varieties from 0.1 to 0.2 million hectares. There are products 26 varieties with cultivated area of over 50,000 hectares, 13 varieties of the more than 100 thousand hectares. agricultur al sector Many rice varieties produced by the Vietnam research institute have large areas in key rice-growing areas of the Mekong Delta such as OM4900, OM6976, OM 5451; Flower 9; Some rice varieties are resistant to salinity up to 4%, rice quality is good and suitable for market demand Appropriate farming solution Continuously invest in improving the active irrigation system in the key rice- growing areas. The rice area with active irrigation in Vietnam accounted for over 94% (2013-TCTL survey ) compared to 60% in the late 1990s Synchronous research on rice cultivation: Mount to the ground, use appropriate fertilizer in each region, apply integrated pest management (IPM) and integrated crop management (ICM) Research on the transition from long-day bacterial blight resistant varieties and photosensitive varieties to short-day bacterial blight resistant varieties with intensive and collapse-resistance, and compact, dwarf shape; Continuously recommend management models, use good fertilizers such as: 3 drops, 3 raises, 1 must 5 drops, SRI 3 4/5/2017 Appropriate farming solution Farming Success and expansion of "RICE-SHRIMP" model in coastal solution provinces and Ca Mau Peninsula, Mekong Delta; 1 rice crop in rainy focuses on season when fresh water is available, 1 shrimp case harvest when flexibility, saltwater intrusion brings prosperity for residents of this area. natural fit, effective Inside field with the model: Rice-Fish (or blue shrimp) –Duck is response in also a great success bringing economic effects; The model of a rice production and cultivation in accordance with organic coexistence standards, not using chemical fertilizer, synthetic inorganic way with pesticides disadvantag Rice cultivation aims to the goal of reducing greenhouse gas e (Living emissions with flood, dam drought, soil Convert sticky and soft rice land in areas with difficult irrigation salinity) with upland plants consuming less water: maize, sweet corn, instead of sticky rice, cucumber, chili, etc., increasing ten times the land "against" use efficiency Application of smart technology • Monitor closely the changes of weather, rain, flood, dam drought, soil salinity; Forecast and early warn to unify rationalization of crop seasons, minimizing possible damage as low as possible.; • Initially apply Remote sensing technology, information technology into smart rice cultivation. • The model connects the product to the consumer through application with access to product origin, information, production information to consumers through Smart phone 4 4/5/2017 Promote chain-linked production organization • Models that combine "big field" - Loc Troi Group with a large field of production in quality rice production: hundreds of thousands of hectares; farmer groups, agricultural- local Produce brand rice such as "jade rice", extension -enterprise - scientist Cooperative. rice germ, unpolished rice. • Enterprises apply technique and inputs - Angimex Company; Cong Binh Co. Ltd., (fertilizer, pesticides); Organize land Thinh Phat Company; … preparation, direct implementation of technical processes, appoint “Ba cùng" (Three together works) technical staff to work with farmers throughout the production process; purchase, dry and keep it storage, warehouse storage in case of low price • Gradually form products with the brand of enterprises and production associated with the market and customers Promote chain-linked production organization • Many small and medium • Slogan: “Delicious rice enterprises; from the seed, clean rice • Startups from the heart" • Organize production towards clean rice according to safety standards: Globlal GAP, Organic ... meet the standards of technical barriers of partners; • Transparency of production information 5 4/5/2017 Lessons Learned • Engagement of the • Strongly apply science and enterprises; Enterprises technology, especially must be the core biotechnology, IoT • Ensure harmony between technology. parties’ benefits • Production inevitably aims • Organize scientific, to standards on food safety reasonable production,. and hygiene, environment, • Attach production to emission reduction and markets, forecast and share efficiency improvement. multilateral information • Regulate institutional policy to be consistent and feasible 6.
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