Sir Ernest Shackleton
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Endurance: a Glorious Failure – the Imperial Transantarctic Expedition 1914 – 16 by Alasdair Mcgregor
Endurance: A glorious failure – The Imperial Transantarctic Expedition 1914 – 16 By Alasdair McGregor ‘Better a live donkey than a dead lion’ was how Ernest Shackleton justified to his wife Emily the decision to turn back unrewarded from his attempt to reach the South Pole in January 1909. Shackleton and three starving, exhausted companions fell short of the greatest geographical prize of the era by just a hundred and sixty agonising kilometres, yet in defeat came a triumph of sorts. Shackleton’s embrace of failure in exchange for a chance at survival has rightly been viewed as one of the greatest, and wisest, leadership decisions in the history of exploration. Returning to England and a knighthood and fame, Shackleton was widely lauded for his achievement in almost reaching the pole, though to him such adulation only heightened his frustration. In late 1910 news broke that the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen would now vie with Shackleton’s archrival Robert Falcon Scott in the race to be first at the pole. But rather than risk wearing the ill-fitting and forever constricting suit of the also-ran, Sir Ernest Shackleton then upped the ante, and in March 1911 announced in the London press that the crossing of the entire Antarctic continent via the South Pole would thereafter be the ultimate exploratory prize. The following December Amundsen triumphed, and just three months later, Robert Falcon Scott perished; his own glorious failure neatly tailored for an empire on the brink of war and searching for a propaganda hero. The field was now open for Shackleton to hatch a plan, and in December 1913 the grandiloquently titled Imperial Transantarctic Expedition was announced to the world. -
Thesis Template
Thinking with photographs at the margins of Antarctic exploration A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Canterbury by Kerry McCarthy University of Canterbury 2010 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... 2 List of Figures and Tables ............................................................................................ 5 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... 6 Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 9 1.1 Thinking with photographs ....................................................................... 10 1.2 The margins ............................................................................................... 14 1.3 Antarctic exploration ................................................................................. 16 1.4 The researcher ........................................................................................... 20 1.5 Overview ................................................................................................... 22 2 An unauthorised genealogy of thinking with photographs .............................. 27 2.1 The -
Representations of Antarctic Exploration by Lesser Known Heroic Era Photographers
Filtering ‘ways of seeing’ through their lenses: representations of Antarctic exploration by lesser known Heroic Era photographers. Patricia Margaret Millar B.A. (1972), B.Ed. (Hons) (1999), Ph.D. (Ed.) (2005), B.Ant.Stud. (Hons) (2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science – Social Sciences. University of Tasmania 2013 This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for a degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date ii Abstract Photographers made a major contribution to the recording of the Heroic Era of Antarctic exploration. By far the best known photographers were the professionals, Herbert Ponting and Frank Hurley, hired to photograph British and Australasian expeditions. But a great number of photographs were also taken on Belgian, German, Swedish, French, Norwegian and Japanese expeditions. These were taken by amateurs, sometimes designated official photographers, often scientists recording their research. Apart from a few Pole-reaching images from the Norwegian expedition, these lesser known expedition photographers and their work seldom feature in the scholarly literature on the Heroic Era, but they, too, have their importance. They played a vital role in the growing understanding and advancement of Antarctic science; they provided visual evidence of their nation’s determination to penetrate the polar unknown; and they played a formative role in public perceptions of Antarctic geopolitics. -
Herbert Ponting; Picturing the Great White South
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Dissertations and Theses City College of New York 2014 Herbert Ponting; Picturing the Great White South Maggie Downing CUNY City College How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/328 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] The City College of New York Herbert Ponting: Picturing the Great White South Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts of the City College of the City University of New York. by Maggie Downing New York, New York May 2014 Dedicated to my Mother Acknowledgments I wish to thank, first and foremost my advisor and mentor, Prof. Ellen Handy. This thesis would never have been possible without her continuing support and guidance throughout my career at City College, and her patience and dedication during the writing process. I would also like to thank the rest of my thesis committee, Prof. Lise Kjaer and Prof. Craig Houser for their ongoing support and advice. This thesis was made possible with the assistance of everyone who was a part of the Connor Study Abroad Fellowship committee, which allowed me to travel abroad to the Scott Polar Research Institute in Cambridge, UK. Special thanks goes to Moe Liu- D'Albero, Director of Budget and Operations for the Division of the Humanities and the Arts, who worked the bureaucratic college award system to get the funds to me in time. -
Ernest Shackleton: Overcoming Adversity Through Great Leadership
Ernest Shackleton: Overcoming Adversity Through Great Leadership Faith Austin Individual Documentary Senior Division Process Paper: 477 words Documentary: 10:00 minutes I researched my project for National History Day independently. I have always found exploration, survival stories, and my English and Irish heritage fascinating. I contacted my grandmother who studies genealogy and world history to ponder over what topic might capture my interest. She told me about a man from her hometown who travelled with Ernest Shackleton, an explorer who defied all odds of survival on a journey to cross Antarctica. Shackleton’s connection to Ireland and England drew me in, and his life story itself was full of triumph and tragedy which captivated me even more. Since Shackleton was a man of many adventures, I narrowed my topic down to his Trans-Antarctic Expedition because of the obstacles he had to overcome in life threatening circumstances while also setting a heroic example for his hopeless crew. This specific story was full of exploration, survival, and related back to my own heritage. I chose to do my project independently due to the fact I felt I could best present his adventure on a more personal level if I were working alone than in a joint effort. When I began my research, I discovered that Shackleton wrote an autobiography, South: the Story of Shackleton's Last Expedition. The book gave a primary first person view on the adversities that Shackleton endured, along with the triumphs he worked so hard to achieve. I conducted further research to find the different perspectives of the crew members, like the crew photographer Frank Hurley, to bring the story all together. -
Sir Ernest Shackleton: Centenary of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
PRESS RELEASE S/49/05/16 South Georgia - Sir Ernest Shackleton: Centenary of The Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition The Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, also known as the Endurance Expedition, is considered by some the last major expedition of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. By 1914 both Poles had been reached so Shackleton set his sights on being the first to traverse Antarctica. By the time of the expedition, Sir Ernest Shackleton was already experienced in polar exploration. A young Lieutenant Shackleton from the merchant navy was chosen by Captain Scott to join him in his first bid for the South Pole in 1901. Shackleton later led his own attempt on the pole in the Nimrod expedition of 1908: he surpassed Scott’s southern record but took the courageous decision, given deteriorating health and shortage of provisions, to turn back with 100 miles to go. After the pole was claimed by Amundsen in 1911, Shackleton formulated a plan for a third expedition in which proposed to undertake “the largest and most striking of all journeys - the crossing of the Continent”. Having raised sufficient funds, he purchased a 300 tonne wooden barquentine which he named Endurance. He planned to take Endurance into the Weddell Sea, make his way to the South Pole and then to the Ross Sea via the Beardmore Glacier (to pick up supplies laid by a second vessel, Aurora, purchased from Sir Douglas Mawson). Although the expedition failed to accomplish its objective it became recognised instead as an epic feat of endurance. Endurance left Britain on 8 August 1914 heading first for Buenos Aires. -
An ENDURANCE Quiz
Table______________ An ENDURANCE Quiz SHACKLETON AUTUMN SCHOOL October 2014 1 An ENDURANCE Quiz There may be no answer or more than one. Consult your table-mates. There are 28 questions, one for each man aboard Endurance. 1. One of the Endurance’s three ship’s boats was named for the wealthy supporter, Dame Janet Stancomb-Wills. She was the first woman mayor of what British ocean side town? ❑ Ramsgate ❑ Rye ❑ Eastbourne ❑ Folkestone 2. What was the basis of her fortune? ❑ Jute ❑ Whisky ❑ Tobacco ❑ Coal 3. Dudley Docker was a financier and businessman. What else was he? ❑ Cricketer ❑ Footballer ❑ Yachtsman ❑ Marksman 4. How much did he donate to the expedition? ❑ £5,000 ❑ £10,000 ❑ £15,000 ❑ £20,000 5. The first definite gift to the expedition was made on January 12, 1914. What or who was the source? ❑ James Caird ❑ Royal Geographical Society ❑ John Rowlett ❑ Royal Scottish Geographical Society 6. How much was the gift? ❑ £1,000 ❑ £2,000 ❑ £5,000 ❑ £10,000 7. Who held the exclusive newspaper rights to the expedition? ❑ The Times ❑ Mirror ❑ Morning Post ❑ Daily Chronicle 8. The Endurance was a: ❑ Barquentine ❑ Brigentine ❑ Schooner and was how many feet long? ❑ 114 ❑ 124 ❑ 134 ❑ 144 and how many tons? ❑ 200 ❑ 300 ❑ 400 ❑ 500 and was built by? ❑ Archer ❑ Noah ❑ Christensen for whom? ❑ Larsen ❑ de Gerlache ❑ Christensen ❑ Ahab and was first named? ❑ Stern ❑ Bjørn ❑ Argus ❑ Polaris and was launched in? ❑ 1910 ❑ 1911 ❑ 1912 ❑ 1913 at where? ❑ St John ❑ Sandefjord ❑ Dundee ❑ Yeovil and cost Shackleton how much?2 ❑ £8,000 ❑ £11,000 ❑ £14,000 9. What was the name of the Plymouth dock that Endurance sailed from? ❑ Devonport ❑ Millbay ❑ The Hoe ❑ The Barbican 10. -
Herbert Ponting; Picturing the Great White South Maggie Downing CUNY City College
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Master's Theses City College of New York 2014 Herbert Ponting; Picturing the Great White South Maggie Downing CUNY City College Follow this and additional works at: http://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Downing, Maggie, "Herbert Ponting; Picturing the Great White South" (2014). Master's Theses. Paper 328. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the City College of New York at CUNY Academic Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of CUNY Academic Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The City College of New York Herbert Ponting: Picturing the Great White South Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts of the City College of the City University of New York. by Maggie Downing New York, New York May 2014 Dedicated to my Mother Acknowledgments I wish to thank, first and foremost my advisor and mentor, Prof. Ellen Handy. This thesis would never have been possible without her continuing support and guidance throughout my career at City College, and her patience and dedication during the writing process. I would also like to thank the rest of my thesis committee, Prof. Lise Kjaer and Prof. Craig Houser for their ongoing support and advice. This thesis was made possible with the assistance of everyone who was a part of the Connor Study Abroad Fellowship committee, which allowed me to travel abroad to the Scott Polar Research Institute in Cambridge, UK. -
A Century of Polar Expedition Films: from Roald 83 Amundsen to Børge Ousland Jan Anders Diesen
NOT A BENE Small Country, Long Journeys Norwegian Expedition Films Edited by Eirik Frisvold Hanssen and Maria Fosheim Lund 10 NASJONALBIBLIOTEKETS SKRIFTSERIE SKRIFTSERIE NASJONALBIBLIOTEKETS Small Country, Long Journeys Small Country, Long Journeys Norwegian Expedition Films Edited by Eirik Frisvold Hanssen and Maria Fosheim Lund Nasjonalbiblioteket, Oslo 2017 Contents 01. Introduction 8 Eirik Frisvold Hanssen 02. The Amundsen South Pole Expedition Film and Its Media 24 Contexts Espen Ytreberg 03. The History Lesson in Amundsen’s 1910–1912 South Pole 54 Film Footage Jane M. Gaines 04. A Century of Polar Expedition Films: From Roald 83 Amundsen to Børge Ousland Jan Anders Diesen 05. Thor Iversen and Arctic Expedition Film on the 116 Geographical and Documentary Fringe in the 1930s Bjørn Sørenssen 06. Through Central Borneo with Carl Lumholtz: The Visual 136 and Textual Output of a Norwegian Explorer Alison Griffiths 07. In the Wake of a Postwar Adventure: Myth and Media 178 Technologies in the Making of Kon-Tiki Axel Andersson and Malin Wahlberg 08. In the Contact Zone: Transculturation in Per Høst’s 212 The Forbidden Jungle Gunnar Iversen 09. Filmography 244 10. Contributors 250 01. Introduction Eirik Frisvold Hanssen This collection presents recent research on Norwegian expedition films, held in the film archive of the National Library of Norway. At the center of the first three chapters is film footage made in connec- tion with Roald Amundsen’s Fram expedition to the South Pole in 1910–12. Espen Ytreberg examines the film as part of a broader media event, Jane Gaines considers how the film footage in conjunc- tion with Amundsen’s diary can be used in the writing of history, and Jan Anders Diesen traces the century-long tradition of Norwe- gian polar expedition film, from Amundsen up to the present. -
Frank Hurley's Antarctica.]
Frank Hurley’s Antarctica [Frank Hurley's Antarctica.] [Stephen Martin, Arctic Historian, Mitchell Library, turns the pages of an old handwritten journal.] [MAN] 0:07 – 0:33 "15th April, 1916. Landing was conducted expeditiously and without accident. Conceive our joy on setting foot on solid earth after 170 days of life on a drifting ice floe, each day filled with anxiety, patience and watching. It is sublime to feel solid earth under one's feet after having trod but heaving decks and transient ice for nearly 18 months." [Black-and-white images of Frank Hurley operating a camera, a man in a balaclava holding an ice pick in thick snow, a man peering into a deep ice crevasse.] [STEPHEN MARTIN] 0:34 – 0:51 Frank Hurley was an interesting man. He was quite often seen as a remote sort of fellow and emotionally separated from his companions. Hurley was the man who accompanied Mawson and Shackleton on two of the most historic expeditions to Antarctica in Antarctica's long history. [Various slides of Antarctica expeditions, showing expedition members, mock snow 'penguins', and majestic ice formations.] [STEPHEN MARTIN] 0:51 – 1:22 Europe and the rest of the world is receiving stories of this strange, wonderful, vast land that very few had heard or even seen photographs of. His passion was photography. His whole life seems to have been bent towards making the perfect photograph. A lot of his feelings went into his diaries and you can certainly see through some of his portraits. I think if I met Hurley today I'd ask him how he felt being in the tents with the expeditioners and with the men on Elephant Island, where they were so close and tensions must have been high. -
Centenary Service of Thanksgiving for The
CENTENARY SERVICE OF THANKSGIVING FOR THE COURAGE AND ENDURANCE OF SIR ERNEST SHACKLETON CVO AND HIS MEN B CENTENARY SERVICE OF THANKSGIVING FOR THE COURAGE AND ENDURANCE OF SIR ERNEST SHACKLETON CVO AND HIS MEN WESTMINSTER ABBEY 20 MAY 2016 HRH The Princess Royal at Sir Ernest Shackleton’s grave, South Georgia. A Centre of Excellence The Scott Polar Research Institute, founded in 1920, is Arctic and Antarctic. About thirty science and social- a centre of excellence for the study of the Antarctic science doctoral and masters students are based in and Arctic, undertaking research in the natural and the Institute, the latter taking our highly regarded Polar social sciences – topics range from reconstructing the Studies course. Staff and research students are regularly growth and decay of past ice sheets to the cultures involved in field work: this year, research will take place of northern indigenous peoples. The Institute also in Greenland, Svalbard, Siberia and Antarctica. houses the world’s premier polar library, including the Shackleton Memorial Library, and Britain’s only The Polar Museum engages and informs its many dedicated Polar Museum. A replica of the James visitors about polar history and science, emphasising Caird reminds staff and visitors of the endurance and the contemporary significance of the poles in the achievements of the early polar explorers. context of global environmental change. Displays utilise the Institute’s historic collections and current scientific For almost a century, the Institute, as part of the University of Cambridge, has been an important source of information and expertise, providing a strong core of intellectual activity focused on the Arctic and Antarctic and their adjacent seas. -
Mertz in Hobart: Impressions of One of Mawson's Men While Preparing For
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Tasmania Open Access Repository Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, Volume 146, 2012 37 MERTZ IN HOBART: IMPRESSIONS OF ONE OF MAWSON’S MEN WHILE PREPARING FOR ANTARCTIC ADVENTURE by Anna Lucas (with four plates) Lucas, A. 2012 (14:xii): Mertz in Hobart: impressions of one of Mawson’s men while preparing for Antarctic adventure. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 146: 37–44. ISSN 0080-4703. School of English, Journalism and European Languages, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 82, Hobart, Tasmania 7005, Australia. Email: [email protected] The story of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (AAE) 1911–1914 has often been told in many publications which also refer to the drama of the Far-Eastern Sledging Journey from which Mawson trudged back to base, arriving in a desperate condition after both his companions, Xavier Mertz and Belgrave Ninnis, had died. Sir Douglas Mawson’s career is well documented but we know less about his team of men and their work. What do we know of Mertz? The literature repeatedly notes that he was Swiss, held a doctorate in law, was a ski champion, looked after the expedition’s dogs and died, mysteriously, on that Far-Eastern Sledging Journey. Details of his death have stimulated much discussion. But what of his life? Born in Basel in1882, he was six months younger than Mawson. With Ninnis he sailed from London on the AAE’s S.Y.