Materials for Vermont Reads 2016: Shackleton

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Materials for Vermont Reads 2016: Shackleton Vermont Reads 2016 The Endurance: Shackleton’s Legendary Antarctic Expedition by Caroline Alexander Shipwreck at the Bottom of the World by Jennifer Armstrong A Statewide One-Book Community Reading Program ermont communities are invited to participate in a statewide read Vof two books for Vermont Reads 2016: Jennifer Armstrong’s Shipwreck at the Bottom of the World and Caroline Alexander’s The Endurance: Shackleton’s Legendary Antarctic Expedition. 2016 will be the hundredth anniversary year of the climactic and dramatic conclusion of the Endurance expedition (1914–1916). Vermont Reads Shackleton will afford Vermont students and adults alike the opportunity to consider, among other things, the power of vision, courage, and perseverance, the nature of leadership, and the spirit of adventure and exploration. Vermonters will learn about the expedition itself, consider its historical context (including World War I, and Arctic and Antarctic exploration generally), and come to understand better what is happening today to ice in the Arctic, Antarctica, and glaciers worldwide. Libraries, schools, and other nonprofit organizations may apply; collaboration among town organizations and businesses is strongly encouraged. • RECEIVE FREE books and programming support for your community. • HOST readings, discussions, and community events in your schools, libraries, and local businesses. • LISTEN to Vermont Public Radio’s Vermont Reads feature. Apply — Applications due December 4, 2015 (winter/spring participation) or June 3, 2016 (summer/fall participation). Visit vermontreads.org or call 802.262.1355. Vermont Humanities Council With support 11 Loomis Street, Montpelier, Vermont 05602 from the Jack & 802.262.2626 • [email protected] Dorothy Byrne www.vermonthumanities.org Foundation Underwriter Media Partner Vermont Reads Shackleton Information and Application Vermont Reads Supporters The essential story is the same in both books—in other words, you could have a successful book discussion with he Vermont Humanities Council is grateful to the participants having read either book. If you’d like, we will Tmajor partners that support Vermont Reads. Since send you a copy of each book so that you can examine them 2007, Vermont Reads has been generously underwritten before deciding what book/s to request. We will be happy by Renewable NRG Systems of Hinesburg, Vermont to work with you to select the titles and quantities that will (formerly NRG Systems). VHC is also grateful for the work best for your project. generous support of the Jack & Dorothy Byrne Foundation and the Fieldstone Foundation. Vermont About Ernest Shackleton and the Endurance Public Radio is VHC’s media partner; each year VPR presents several days of Vermont Reads programming. enowned explorer Ernest Shackleton and a crew of Rtwenty-seven men set sail about the Endurance for the South Atlantic in August 1914, just days before the start of Why Two Books? World War I. They were in pursuit of an unclaimed prize here have been many books written in the last century in the history of exploration: the first crossing on foot Tabout Shackleton and The Endurance. Both of the books of Antarctica. They came within eighty-five miles of the that we selected—Jennifer Armstrong’s Shipwreck at the continent, sailing a hazardous path through the pack ice of Bottom of the World and Caroline Alexander’s The Endurance: the Weddell Sea when the ship was trapped in the ice pack. Shackleton’s Legendary Antarctic Expedition—are well-written After nine anxious months, the ship was crushed, leaving and image-rich. They were both written in the late 1990s the crew stranded on the ice. and thus include some of the previously unavailable sources The Endurance: Shackleton’s Legendary Antarctic Expedition and archival materials from the journey. and Shipwreck at the Bottom of the World give riveting accounts Shipwreck at the Bottom of of this expedition—one of history’s greatest epics of the World is suitable in reading survival. Both books feature Frank Hurley’s astonishing level and content for most people photography, which brings to life the terrible beauty of that in the middle-school-grade desolate region, the awful destruction of the ship, and the reading range (grades 6-8). Like crew’s heroic daily struggle to stay alive and make their way many great books for young back home. readers, we have found it to be very compelling for skilled adult About the Authors readers as well. Caroline Alexander was born in Florida of British Caroline Alexander’s book parents and has lived in Europe, Africa and the Caribbean. The Endurance is nearly twice She studied at Oxford as a Rhodes scholar and earned a as long, written with slightly more doctorate in classics from Columbia University. She has challenging language, and contains written for The New Yorker, Granta, and National Geographic, more images (including many and is the author of seven other books, including Mrs. previously unpublished photos Chippy's Last Expedition, the journal of the Endurance's taken by Frank Hurley). resident cat; The Bounty: The True Story of the Mutiny on the Bounty (2004); and a new translation of the Iliad (The War that Killed Achilles: The True Story • At least two other organizations to join the project team of Homer’s “Iliad” and the Trojan and help develop and carry out the program plan. Involve War, 2015). The Endurance: as many partners as possible. In addition to groups Shackleton's Legendary Antarctic mentioned above, potential local partners might include Expedition has been translated bookstores; museums; church groups; local businesses; into thirteen languages. service organizations; afterschool/summer programs; Ever since the first grade, teen centers; senior centers/assisted living facilities; Jennifer Armstrong knew and adult education and literacy services centers. that she would become an Organizations must develop strong collaborations, plan author. She loved making up creative and diverse humanities-based activities that stories and sharing them with support community-wide reading and discussion of the others. The fact that her family treasured books led her to book and the themes it contains, and undertake vigorous become an avid reader of all types of fiction, and so it was publicity in the months leading up to the activities. no surprise when she chose to study English and American Literature at Smith College. Armstrong is the author of over A Note on Dispensing Books: Communities should 100 books for children from kindergarten through high make a concerted effort to distribute and reuse school. Best known for writing historical fiction, she has the books awarded by VHC. Have readers sign also been successful in creating picture books, easy readers, their names on the inside cover, comment on the chapter books, young adult novels, as well as nonfiction. book, date their entry, and pass the book on. Armstrong, who grew up outside of New York City, now Alternate Version of the Books: VHC has unabridged audio lives in Saratoga Springs, NY. For more information on CDs and Large Print copies of The Endurance available for Jennifer Armstrong, visit www.jennifer-armstrong.com. lending. The Vermont Department of Libraries operates a Participating Communities Receive Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped for the • Up to 75 copies of the Vermont Reads titles with a visually impaired and print disabled. Patrons of this library Vermont Reads 2016 seal on the cover. (The number service may access a wide variety of library materials. The of books awarded depends on the project’s size and Endurance is available in digital talking books format and scope, and creativity.) To purchase additional books at a large print [the numbers are: DB 47531 (digital talking discount, contact VHC (subject to availability). book) and LP 47531 (large print)]. And Shipwreck at the Bottom of the World is available in digital talking book format • Program ideas, discussion guides, recommended books only (DB 49029). for all ages, and links to web resources (all found here Visit their website to learn more about this service: and on our website) libraries.vermont.gov/library_for_the_blind • Vermont Reads stickers and bookmarks Program Implementation Dates: Events may be scheduled • Poster templates for promoting events anytime in 2016. VHC suggests planning activities over a • Publicity assistance through the VHC media calendar, concentrated period of weeks or months. press releases, and website Application Deadlines: December 4, 2015 and June • Contact names upon request of prior Vermont Reads 3, 2016 for priority consideration. Applications will be project directors who would be happy to share tips for accepted beyond the deadlines if books are available. how to make your project successful. We will respond to your application within two weeks of To Qualify the deadline. Award notifications will contain an estimated ship date for your books based upon your event schedule. To qualify, the community should have: Submit your community application at vtreads.org. • A organization willing to be the primary sponsor/ For other questions contact Mike Dougherty, Community coordinator—a library, a school, a historical society, or Programs Assistant at mdougherty@vermonthumanities. social service organization are all possibilities. org or (802) 262-1355. • 1-2 representatives of that organization willing to act as Adult education centers and correctional facilities should project director(s). contact Jan Steinbauer, Director of Literacy Programs, at [email protected] or (802) 262-1352. Vermont Reads Shackleton suggested ACTIVITIES AND Program Coordination TIPS Listen to the VPR Broadcast – Gather a group around the radio — or around a computer — to listen to VPR’s Vermont Reads program after it is made available on the web. Vermont Public Radio is VHC’s media partner for Vermont Reads. Use the program as a lead-in to a discussion. Broadcast dates and times will be publicized when they are available. Host a Movie Night or Series – There are a number of movies and documentaries about Shackleton, Antarctica, and what is happening today to ice in the Arctic, Antarctica, and glaciers worldwide.
Recommended publications
  • Endurance: a Glorious Failure – the Imperial Transantarctic Expedition 1914 – 16 by Alasdair Mcgregor
    Endurance: A glorious failure – The Imperial Transantarctic Expedition 1914 – 16 By Alasdair McGregor ‘Better a live donkey than a dead lion’ was how Ernest Shackleton justified to his wife Emily the decision to turn back unrewarded from his attempt to reach the South Pole in January 1909. Shackleton and three starving, exhausted companions fell short of the greatest geographical prize of the era by just a hundred and sixty agonising kilometres, yet in defeat came a triumph of sorts. Shackleton’s embrace of failure in exchange for a chance at survival has rightly been viewed as one of the greatest, and wisest, leadership decisions in the history of exploration. Returning to England and a knighthood and fame, Shackleton was widely lauded for his achievement in almost reaching the pole, though to him such adulation only heightened his frustration. In late 1910 news broke that the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen would now vie with Shackleton’s archrival Robert Falcon Scott in the race to be first at the pole. But rather than risk wearing the ill-fitting and forever constricting suit of the also-ran, Sir Ernest Shackleton then upped the ante, and in March 1911 announced in the London press that the crossing of the entire Antarctic continent via the South Pole would thereafter be the ultimate exploratory prize. The following December Amundsen triumphed, and just three months later, Robert Falcon Scott perished; his own glorious failure neatly tailored for an empire on the brink of war and searching for a propaganda hero. The field was now open for Shackleton to hatch a plan, and in December 1913 the grandiloquently titled Imperial Transantarctic Expedition was announced to the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Peninsula
    Hucke-Gaete, R, Torres, D. & Vallejos, V. 1997c. Entanglement of Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, by marine debris at Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Islets, Livingston Island, Antarctica: 1998-1997. Serie Científica Instituto Antártico Chileno 47: 123-135. Hucke-Gaete, R., Osman, L.P., Moreno, C.A. & Torres, D. 2004. Examining natural population growth from near extinction: the case of the Antarctic fur seal at the South Shetlands, Antarctica. Polar Biology 27 (5): 304–311 Huckstadt, L., Costa, D. P., McDonald, B. I., Tremblay, Y., Crocker, D. E., Goebel, M. E. & Fedak, M. E. 2006. Habitat Selection and Foraging Behavior of Southern Elephant Seals in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #OS33A-1684. INACH (Instituto Antártico Chileno) 2010. Chilean Antarctic Program of Scientific Research 2009-2010. Chilean Antarctic Institute Research Projects Department. Santiago, Chile. Kawaguchi, S., Nicol, S., Taki, K. & Naganobu, M. 2006. Fishing ground selection in the Antarctic krill fishery: Trends in patterns across years, seasons and nations. CCAMLR Science, 13: 117–141. Krause, D. J., Goebel, M. E., Marshall, G. J., & Abernathy, K. (2015). Novel foraging strategies observed in a growing leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) population at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Animal Biotelemetry, 3:24. Krause, D.J., Goebel, M.E., Marshall. G.J. & Abernathy, K. In Press. Summer diving and haul-out behavior of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) near mesopredator breeding colonies at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Marine Mammal Science.Leppe, M., Fernandoy, F., Palma-Heldt, S. & Moisan, P 2004. Flora mesozoica en los depósitos morrénicos de cabo Shirreff, isla Livingston, Shetland del Sur, Península Antártica, in Actas del 10º Congreso Geológico Chileno.
    [Show full text]
  • The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958
    THE COMMONWEALTH TRANS-ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1955-1958 HOW THE CROSSING OF ANTARCTICA MOVED NEW ZEALAND TO RECOGNISE ITS ANTARCTIC HERITAGE AND TAKE AN EQUAL PLACE AMONG ANTARCTIC NATIONS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree PhD - Doctor of Philosophy (Antarctic Studies – History) University of Canterbury Gateway Antarctica Stephen Walter Hicks 2015 Statement of Authority & Originality I certify that the work in this thesis has not been previously submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Elements of material covered in Chapter 4 and 5 have been published in: Electronic version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume00,(0), pp.1-12, (2011), Cambridge University Press, 2011. Print version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp. 50-61, Cambridge University Press, 2013 Signature of Candidate ________________________________ Table of Contents Foreword ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Template
    Thinking with photographs at the margins of Antarctic exploration A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Canterbury by Kerry McCarthy University of Canterbury 2010 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... 2 List of Figures and Tables ............................................................................................ 5 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... 6 Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 9 1.1 Thinking with photographs ....................................................................... 10 1.2 The margins ............................................................................................... 14 1.3 Antarctic exploration ................................................................................. 16 1.4 The researcher ........................................................................................... 20 1.5 Overview ................................................................................................... 22 2 An unauthorised genealogy of thinking with photographs .............................. 27 2.1 The
    [Show full text]
  • After Editing
    Shackleton Dates AUGUST 8th 1914 The team leave the UK on the ship, Endurance. DEC 5th 1914 They arrive at the edge of the Antarctic pack ice, in the Weddell Sea. JAN 18th 1915 Endurance becomes frozen in the pack ice. OCT 27TH 1915 Endurance is crushed in the ice after drifting for 9 months. Ship is abandoned and crew start to live on the pack ice. NOV 1915 Endurance sinks; men start to set up a camp on the ice. DEC 1915 The pack ice drifts slowly north; Patience camp is set up. MARCH 23rd 2016 They see land for the first time – 139 days have passed; the land can’t be reached though. APRIL 9th 2016 The pack ice starts to crack so the crew take to the lifeboats. APRIL 15th 1916 The 3 crews arrive on ELEPHANT ISLAND where they set up camp. APRIL 24th 1916 5 members of the team, including Shackleton, leave in the lifeboat James Caird, on an 800 mile journey to South Georgia, for help. MAY 10TH 1916 The James Caird crew arrive in the south of South Georgia. MAY 19TH -20TH Shackleton, Crean and Worsley walk across South Georgis to the whaling station at Stromness. MAY 23RD 1916 All the men on Elephant Island are safe; Shackleton starts on his first attempt at a rescue from South Georgia but ice prevents him. AUGUST 25th Shackleton leaves on his 4th attempt, on the Chilian tug boat Yelcho; he arrives on Elephant Island on August 30th and rescues all his crew. MAY 1917 All return to England.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Primer
    Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state.
    [Show full text]
  • Representations of Antarctic Exploration by Lesser Known Heroic Era Photographers
    Filtering ‘ways of seeing’ through their lenses: representations of Antarctic exploration by lesser known Heroic Era photographers. Patricia Margaret Millar B.A. (1972), B.Ed. (Hons) (1999), Ph.D. (Ed.) (2005), B.Ant.Stud. (Hons) (2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science – Social Sciences. University of Tasmania 2013 This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for a degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date ii Abstract Photographers made a major contribution to the recording of the Heroic Era of Antarctic exploration. By far the best known photographers were the professionals, Herbert Ponting and Frank Hurley, hired to photograph British and Australasian expeditions. But a great number of photographs were also taken on Belgian, German, Swedish, French, Norwegian and Japanese expeditions. These were taken by amateurs, sometimes designated official photographers, often scientists recording their research. Apart from a few Pole-reaching images from the Norwegian expedition, these lesser known expedition photographers and their work seldom feature in the scholarly literature on the Heroic Era, but they, too, have their importance. They played a vital role in the growing understanding and advancement of Antarctic science; they provided visual evidence of their nation’s determination to penetrate the polar unknown; and they played a formative role in public perceptions of Antarctic geopolitics.
    [Show full text]
  • THE PUBLICATION of the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY Vol 34, No
    THE PUBLICATION OF THE NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY Vol 34, No. 3, 2016 34, No. Vol 03 9 770003 532006 Vol 34, No. 3, 2016 Issue 237 Contents www.antarctic.org.nz is published quarterly by the New Zealand Antarctic Society Inc. ISSN 0003-5327 30 The New Zealand Antarctic Society is a Registered Charity CC27118 EDITOR: Lester Chaplow ASSISTANT EDITOR: Janet Bray New Zealand Antarctic Society PO Box 404, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand Email: [email protected] INDEXER: Mike Wing The deadlines for submissions to future issues are 1 November, 1 February, 1 May and 1 August. News 25 Shackleton’s Bad Lads 26 PATRON OF THE NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY: From Gateway City to Volunteer Duty at Scott Base 30 Professor Peter Barrett, 2008 NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY How You Can Help Us Save Sir Ed’s Antarctic Legacy 33 LIFE MEMBERS The Society recognises with life membership, First at Arrival Heights 34 those people who excel in furthering the aims and objectives of the Society or who have given outstanding service in Antarctica. They are Conservation Trophy 2016 36 elected by vote at the Annual General Meeting. The number of life members can be no more Auckland Branch Midwinter Celebration 37 than 15 at any one time. Current Life Members by the year elected: Wellington Branch – 2016 Midwinter Event 37 1. Jim Lowery (Wellington), 1982 2. Robin Ormerod (Wellington), 1996 3. Baden Norris (Canterbury), 2003 Travelling with the Huskies Through 4. Bill Cranfield (Canterbury), 2003 the Transantarctic Mountains 38 5. Randal Heke (Wellington), 2003 6. Bill Hopper (Wellington), 2004 Hillary’s TAE/IGY Hut: Calling all stories 40 7.
    [Show full text]
  • JOURNAL Number Six
    THE JAMES CAIRD SOCIETY JOURNAL Number Six Antarctic Exploration Sir Ernest Shackleton MARCH 2012 1 Shackleton and a friend (Oliver Locker Lampson) in Cromer, c.1910. Image courtesy of Cromer Museum. 2 The James Caird Society Journal – Number Six March 2012 The Centennial season has arrived. Having celebrated Shackleton’s British Antarctic (Nimrod) Expedition, courtesy of the ‘Matrix Shackleton Centenary Expedition’, in 2008/9, we now turn our attention to the events of 1910/12. This was a period when 3 very extraordinary and ambitious men (Amundsen, Scott and Mawson) headed south, to a mixture of acclaim and tragedy. A little later (in 2014) we will be celebrating Sir Ernest’s ‘crowning glory’ –the Centenary of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic (Endurance) Expedition 1914/17. Shackleton failed in his main objective (to be the first to cross from one side of Antarctica to the other). He even failed to commence his land journey from the Weddell Sea coast to Ross Island. However, the rescue of his entire team from the ice and extreme cold (made possible by the remarkable voyage of the James Caird and the first crossing of South Georgia’s interior) was a remarkable feat and is the reason why most of us revere our polar hero and choose to be members of this Society. For all the alleged shenanigans between Scott and Shackleton, it would be a travesty if ‘Number Six’ failed to honour Captain Scott’s remarkable achievements - in particular, the important geographical and scientific work carried out on the Discovery and Terra Nova expeditions (1901-3 and 1910-12 respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • Whiteout: an Examination of the Material Culture of Remembrance and Identity Generated Between New Zealand and Antarctica Peter
    Memory Connection Volume 1 Number 1 © 2011 The Memory Waka Whiteout: An Examination of the Material Culture of Remembrance and Identity Generated Between New Zealand and Antarctica Peter Wood Memory Connection Volume 1 Number 1 © 2011 The Memory Waka Whiteout: An Examination of the Material Culture of Remembrance and Identity Generated Between New Zealand and Antarctica Peter Wood Abstract This article examines the cultural artefacts of memory that have been produced as a result of New Zealand’s ongoing participation in the exploration of Antarctica. In this research I define two classes of Antarctic memory-making. The first is composed of geographically located artefacts directly associated with New Zealand’s physical participation in South Pole exploration. The second class posits representational interpretations of Antarctica as sites of cultural “meaningfulness” to New Zealand’s identity. Both categories are defined chronologically by the Antarctic Treaty (1959), which sought to protect objects of “historical interest” from damage or destruction while prohibiting the addition of other permanent artefacts. I suggest that one unforeseen outcome of the Antarctic Treaty was the creation of two states of memory: one of authentic history dating from before 1959, and another of documentary history (requiring representational interpretation), which has occurred since that time. The best examples of the former are the rudimentary huts which remain from the so-called “heroic period” of Antarctic exploration. An excellent example of the latter is found in the Artists to Antarctica programme in which selected New Zealand artists—writers, visual artists and musicians—have the opportunity to visit and record their views of the region’s unique qualities.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Lands of the Romanovs: an Annotated Bibliography of First-Hand English-Language Accounts of the Russian Empire
    ANTHONY CROSS In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of The Russian Empire (1613-1917) OpenBook Publishers To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/268 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. In the Lands of the Romanovs An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917) Anthony Cross http://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2014 Anthony Cross The text of this book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the text; to adapt it and to make commercial use of it providing that attribution is made to the author (but not in any way that suggests that he endorses you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Cross, Anthony, In the Land of the Romanovs: An Annotated Bibliography of First-hand English-language Accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917), Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/ OBP.0042 Please see the list of illustrations for attribution relating to individual images. Every effort has been made to identify and contact copyright holders and any omissions or errors will be corrected if notification is made to the publisher. As for the rights of the images from Wikimedia Commons, please refer to the Wikimedia website (for each image, the link to the relevant page can be found in the list of illustrations).
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctica Glacier Navigate
    In August 1914, as part of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, Ernest Shackleton set off from Britain to Antarctica. The continent surrounding the Research Mrs Chippy—the ship’s cat. Ernest Shackleton wanted to be the first person to cross Antarctica by South Pole—almost entirely Antarctica What is the climate of Antarctica like? foot. covered by ice. Look up Shackleton’s journey on a map. Shackleton’s ship was called Endurance . an extremely large mass of ice Glacier which moves very slowly, In the freezing waters around Antarctica, the ship became trapped by the often down a mountain valley ice. The ice eventually crushed the ship meaning it had to be abandoned. Navigate To find a way to get to a place. Shackleton and his crew drifted on sheets of ice for months. Shackleton decided to use three lifeboats (rowing boats) through treacherous seas to reach Elephant Island—a bleak, ice-covered rock. Shackleton took five crew members with him in a small lifeboat to reach South Georgia (900 miles away) where they knew there was a whaling station. When they reached South Georgia, they had to hike 30 miles, climbing a mountain and crossing glaciers to reach the whaling station. A ship was then able to rescue the remaining 22 men on Elephant Island. Shackleton failed in his attempt to cross Antarctica by foot, but he became a hero for leading one of the greatest and bravest rescues in history. During another Antarctic mission in 1921, Shackleton fell ill and suffered a fatal heart attack, he died at the age of 47.
    [Show full text]