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Ediakara Ediacara
Ediakara Stratotyyppi ja elämän varhaiskehityksen problematiikka Ediacara Stratotype and the problematics of the Metazoan origins ANNA HAAPANIEMI Abstract tavasti viimeaikoina. Tämä on saattanut olla yksi niistä syistä, miksi aikakaudesta usein käytetty nimi The new geological period Ediacara has been ”Vendi” korvattiin nyt Ediakaralla. Mutta samalla discussed vividly ever since its formal ratification kun kambrikautisten fossiilien joukosta on löytynyt in 2004. Although Ediacara is a considerable leap merkkejä ediakaraeliöstöstä, niin nyt myös ediaka- in the construction of an international geological rakautisista kerrostumista on raportoitu löydetyn timetable, it is also connected to several theories entuudestaan tunnettuja kambrikautisia eläimiä. and concepts central to the geological community, Nämä löydöt siirtäisivät kiistattomasti monisoluis- but sometimes little understood. The Vendobionta ten kehityksen prekambriin. Näin ollen komplek- theory created by Seilacher is now rivalled by sisen elämän synnyn tutkimuksen painopiste on the “Ediacaran survivors” –hypothesis of Con- siirtynyt kambrikauden radiaation syistä ediakara- way Morris. Supporting evidence of Ediacarans kauden alkuun. Eliöstön mahdollinen kehittyminen in Cambrian strata seems to be piling up, but at Rodinian hajoamisen jälkeisten jäätiköiden keskelle the same time Cambrian animals appear to have on problemaattinen; jäätiköitymiskauden on arvioi- their origin deep in ediacaran times. Thus, the tu olleen tuona aikana epätavallisen laaja. Mikäli focus of current research has partly shifted from elämän kehittyminen on ollut mahdollista, on voi- the causes of Cambrian radiation to the beginning makas valintapaine ja isolaatio saattanut olla radiaa- of Ediacaran. However, the first appearance of the tion taustalla. Vaihtoehtoisesti kyseessä on saattanut biota in the glacial conditions of the post-Rodinian olla ’punctuated equilibrium’ -teorian mukainen world is problematic; the glacial extent has been evoluutionopeuden kiihtyminen; viimeisimmän jää- estimated unusually large. -
001-012 Primeras Páginas
PUBLICACIONES DEL INSTITUTO GEOLÓGICO Y MINERO DE ESPAÑA Serie: CUADERNOS DEL MUSEO GEOMINERO. Nº 9 ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH IN ADVANCES ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH IN ADVANCES planeta tierra Editors: I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and Ciencias de la Tierra para la Sociedad D. García-Bellido 9 788478 407590 MINISTERIO MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA DE CIENCIA E INNOVACIÓN E INNOVACIÓN ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH Editors: I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and D. García-Bellido Instituto Geológico y Minero de España Madrid, 2008 Serie: CUADERNOS DEL MUSEO GEOMINERO, Nº 9 INTERNATIONAL TRILOBITE CONFERENCE (4. 2008. Toledo) Advances in trilobite research: Fourth International Trilobite Conference, Toledo, June,16-24, 2008 / I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and D. García-Bellido, eds.- Madrid: Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, 2008. 448 pgs; ils; 24 cm .- (Cuadernos del Museo Geominero; 9) ISBN 978-84-7840-759-0 1. Fauna trilobites. 2. Congreso. I. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, ed. II. Rábano,I., ed. III Gozalo, R., ed. IV. García-Bellido, D., ed. 562 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without permission in writing from the publisher. References to this volume: It is suggested that either of the following alternatives should be used for future bibliographic references to the whole or part of this volume: Rábano, I., Gozalo, R. and García-Bellido, D. (eds.) 2008. Advances in trilobite research. Cuadernos del Museo Geominero, 9. -
The Evolution of Trilobite Body Patterning
ANRV309-EA35-14 ARI 20 March 2007 15:54 The Evolution of Trilobite Body Patterning Nigel C. Hughes Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521; email: [email protected] Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2007. 35:401–34 Key Words First published online as a Review in Advance on Trilobita, trilobitomorph, segmentation, Cambrian, Ordovician, January 29, 2007 diversification, body plan The Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences is online at earth.annualreviews.org Abstract This article’s doi: The good fossil record of trilobite exoskeletal anatomy and on- 10.1146/annurev.earth.35.031306.140258 togeny, coupled with information on their nonbiomineralized tis- Copyright c 2007 by Annual Reviews. sues, permits analysis of how the trilobite body was organized and All rights reserved developed, and the various evolutionary modifications of such pat- 0084-6597/07/0530-0401$20.00 terning within the group. In several respects trilobite development and form appears comparable with that which may have charac- terized the ancestor of most or all euarthropods, giving studies of trilobite body organization special relevance in the light of recent advances in the understanding of arthropod evolution and devel- opment. The Cambrian diversification of trilobites displayed mod- Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2007.35:401-434. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org ifications in the patterning of the trunk region comparable with by UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - RIVERSIDE LIBRARY on 05/02/07. For personal use only. those seen among the closest relatives of Trilobita. In contrast, the Ordovician diversification of trilobites, although contributing greatly to the overall diversity within the clade, did so within a nar- rower range of trunk conditions. -
A Solution to Darwin's Dilemma: Differential Taphonomy of Ediacaran and Palaeozoic Non-Mineralised Discoidal Fossils
Provided by the author(s) and NUI Galway in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Title A Solution to Darwin's Dilemma: Differential Taphonomy of Ediacaran and Palaeozoic Non-Mineralised Discoidal Fossils Author(s) MacGabhann, Breandán Anraoi Publication Date 2012-08-29 Item record http://hdl.handle.net/10379/3406 Downloaded 2021-09-26T20:57:04Z Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above. A Solution to Darwin’s Dilemma: Differential taphonomy of Palaeozoic and Ediacaran non- mineralised discoidal fossils Volume 1 of 2 Breandán Anraoi MacGabhann Supervisor: Dr. John Murray Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, NUI Galway August 2012 Differential taphonomy of Palaeozoic and Ediacaran non-mineralised fossils Table of Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................... ix List of Tables ........................................................................................................... xxi Taxonomic Statement ........................................................................................... xxiii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................ xxv Abstract ................................................................................................................. xxix 1. Darwin’s Dilemma ............................................................................................... -
Th TRILO the Back to the Past Museum Guide to TRILO BITES
With regard to human interest in fossils, trilobites may rank second only to dinosaurs. Having studied trilobites most of my life, the English version of The Back to the Past Museum Guide to TRILOBITES by Enrico Bonino and Carlo Kier is a pleasant treat. I am captivated by the abundant color images of more than 600 diverse species of trilobites, mostly from the authors’ own collections. Carlo Kier The Back to the Past Museum Guide to Specimens amply represent famous trilobite localities around the world and typify forms from most of the Enrico Bonino Enrico 250-million-year history of trilobites. Numerous specimens are masterpieces of modern professional preparation. Richard A. Robison Professor Emeritus University of Kansas TRILOBITES Enrico Bonino was born in the Province of Bergamo in 1966 and received his degree in Geology from the Depart- ment of Earth Sciences at the University of Genoa. He currently lives in Belgium where he works as a cartographer specialized in the use of satellite imaging and geographic information systems (GIS). His proficiency in the use of digital-image processing, a healthy dose of artistic talent, and a good knowledge of desktop publishing software have provided him with the skills he needed to create graphics, including dozens of posters and illustrations, for all of the displays at the Back to the Past Museum in Cancún. In addition to his passion for trilobites, Enrico is particularly inter- TRILOBITES ested in the life forms that developed during the Precambrian. Carlo Kier was born in Milan in 1961. He holds a degree in law and is currently the director of the Azul Hotel chain. -
The Role of Chironomidae in Separating Naturally Poor from Disturbed Communities
From taxonomy to multiple-trait bioassessment: the role of Chironomidae in separating naturally poor from disturbed communities Da taxonomia à abordagem baseada nos multiatributos dos taxa: função dos Chironomidae na separação de comunidades naturalmente pobres das antropogenicamente perturbadas Sónia Raquel Quinás Serra Tese de doutoramento em Biociências, ramo de especialização Ecologia de Bacias Hidrográficas, orientada pela Doutora Maria João Feio, pelo Doutor Manuel Augusto Simões Graça e pelo Doutor Sylvain Dolédec e apresentada ao Departamento de Ciências da Vida da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra. Agosto de 2016 This thesis was made under the Agreement for joint supervision of doctoral studies leading to the award of a dual doctoral degree. This agreement was celebrated between partner institutions from two countries (Portugal and France) and the Ph.D. student. The two Universities involved were: And This thesis was supported by: Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), financing program: ‘Programa Operacional Potencial Humano/Fundo Social Europeu’ (POPH/FSE): through an individual scholarship for the PhD student with reference: SFRH/BD/80188/2011 And MARE-UC – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre. University of Coimbra, Portugal: CNRS, UMR 5023 - LEHNA, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, University Lyon1, France: Aos meus amados pais, sempre os melhores e mais dedicados amigos Table of contents: ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... -
The Cambrian Explosion: How Much Bang for the Buck?
Essay Book Review The Cambrian Explosion: How Much Bang for the Buck? Ralph Stearley Ralph Stearley THE RISE OF ANIMALS: Evolution and Diversification of the Kingdom Animalia by Mikhail A. Fedonkin, James G. Gehling, Kathleen Grey, Guy M. Narbonne, and Patricia Vickers-Rich. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007. 327 pages; includes an atlas of Precambrian Metazoans, bibliography, index. Hardcover; $79.00. ISBN: 9780801886799. THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION: The Construction of Animal Bio- diversity by Douglas H. Erwin and James W. Valentine. Greenwood Village, CO: Roberts and Company, 2013. 406 pages; includes one appendix, references, index. Hardcover; $60.00. ISBN: 9781936221035. DARWIN’S DOUBT: The Explosive Origin of Animal Life and the Case for Intelligent Design by Stephen C. Meyer. New York: HarperCollins, 2013. 498 pages; includes bibliography and index. Hardcover; $28.99. ISBN: 9780062071477. y the time that Darwin published Later on, this dramatic appearance of B On the Origin of Species in 1859, complicated macroscopic fossils would the principle of biotic succession become known by the shorthand expres- had been well established and proven to sion “Cambrian explosion.” Because the be a powerful aid to correlating strata dispute between Sedgwick and Roderick and deciphering the history of Earth, to Murchisonontheboundarybetweenthe which the rock layers testified. However, Cambrian and Silurian systems had not for Darwin, there remained a major been fully resolved by 1859, Darwin con- issue regarding fossils for his compre- sidered these fossils “Silurian” (and thus hensive explanation for the history of for him, the issue would have been life. The problem was this: the base of labeled the “Silurian explosion”!). -
The Early History of the Metazoa—A Paleontologist's Viewpoint
ISSN 20790864, Biology Bulletin Reviews, 2015, Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 415–461. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2015. Original Russian Text © A.Yu. Zhuravlev, 2014, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii, 2014, Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 411–465. The Early History of the Metazoa—a Paleontologist’s Viewpoint A. Yu. Zhuravlev Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, per. Pyzhevsky 7, Moscow, 7119017 Russia email: [email protected] Received January 21, 2014 Abstract—Successful molecular biology, which led to the revision of fundamental views on the relationships and evolutionary pathways of major groups (“phyla”) of multicellular animals, has been much more appre ciated by paleontologists than by zoologists. This is not surprising, because it is the fossil record that provides evidence for the hypotheses of molecular biology. The fossil record suggests that the different “phyla” now united in the Ecdysozoa, which comprises arthropods, onychophorans, tardigrades, priapulids, and nemato morphs, include a number of transitional forms that became extinct in the early Palaeozoic. The morphology of these organisms agrees entirely with that of the hypothetical ancestral forms reconstructed based on onto genetic studies. No intermediates, even tentative ones, between arthropods and annelids are found in the fos sil record. The study of the earliest Deuterostomia, the only branch of the Bilateria agreed on by all biological disciplines, gives insight into their early evolutionary history, suggesting the existence of motile bilaterally symmetrical forms at the dawn of chordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms. Interpretation of the early history of the Lophotrochozoa is even more difficult because, in contrast to other bilaterians, their oldest fos sils are preserved only as mineralized skeletons. -
The Influence of Environmental Setting on the Community Ecology of Ediacaran Organisms
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/861906; this version posted December 2, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 The influence of environmental setting on the community ecology of Ediacaran organisms 2 3 Emily G. Mitchell1, Nikolai Bobkov2,3, Natalia Bykova2,4, Alavya Dhungana,5, Anton 4 Kolesnikov2,6, 7, Ian R. P. Hogarth8,9 Alexander G. Liu10, Tom M.R. Mustill10,11, Nikita 5 Sozonov2,3, Shuhai Xiao4 and Dmitriy V. Grazhdankin2,3 . 6 7 [email protected] 8 9 1Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, UK. 10 2Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. 11 3Novosibirsk State University, Russian Federation. 12 4Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States. 13 5 Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, UK. 14 6Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation. 15 7Department of Geography, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russian 16 Federation. 17 8Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge, UK. 18 9Current address: University College London, UCL Institute for Innovation and Public 19 Purpose, UK. 20 10Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, UK. 21 11Current address: Gripping Films, St. John's Church Road, London, England, E9 6EJ. 22 23 24 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/861906; this version posted December 2, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. -
Sepkoski, J.J. 1992. Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families
MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM Contributions . In BIOLOGY and GEOLOGY Number 83 March 1,1992 A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Families 2nd edition J. John Sepkoski, Jr. Department of the Geophysical Sciences University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois 60637 Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology Rodney Watkins, Editor (Reviewer for this paper was P.M. Sheehan) This publication is priced at $25.00 and may be obtained by writing to the Museum Gift Shop, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Orders must also include $3.00 for shipping and handling ($4.00 for foreign destinations) and must be accompanied by money order or check drawn on U.S. bank. Money orders or checks should be made payable to the Milwaukee Public Museum. Wisconsin residents please add 5% sales tax. In addition, a diskette in ASCII format (DOS) containing the data in this publication is priced at $25.00. Diskettes should be ordered from the Geology Section, Milwaukee Public Museum, 800 West Wells Street, Milwaukee, WI 53233. Specify 3Y. inch or 5Y. inch diskette size when ordering. Checks or money orders for diskettes should be made payable to "GeologySection, Milwaukee Public Museum," and fees for shipping and handling included as stated above. Profits support the research effort of the GeologySection. ISBN 0-89326-168-8 ©1992Milwaukee Public Museum Sponsored by Milwaukee County Contents Abstract ....... 1 Introduction.. ... 2 Stratigraphic codes. 8 The Compendium 14 Actinopoda. -
The Carboniferous in Western Pomerania
deformacji typu fałdowego. W strefie okalającej strukturę AenJleMOH KaK cyAeTCKo-caCKO-TYP"1HrCKaJl 30Ha, "1ni.t W"1- sudecką tworzyły się w tym czasie osady asocjacji flisz~ pe - KaK cppaHKo-YewcKaJl 30Ha. 0Tno>KeHi.tJl MopaacKo wej a na pograniczu obu stref utwory typu olistostromów, -clorne3cKoiir 30Hbl npi.tHaAne>KaT K BHewHeH uen1-1 eapo zachowane dziś fragmentarycznie w strukturze kaczawskiej nei:1cK1-1x Bap"1CU"1AOB . i bardzkiej. - Kap6oH a npeAenax paccMaTp1-1aaeMoro pai'loHa npeA Utwory węglonośne wchodzące w skład zapadliska CTaaneH OCaAKaMi.t, aynKaHi.tTaMi.t "' "1HTPY3"1JlM"1 rpaHi.tT0- Sudetów Środkowych okteślono jako molasę młodszą, "1AOB. Pa3HOCTb B03pacTa, cpau1-1anbHoro npeACTaaneHi.tJl która zdeponowana została w wewnętrznej strefie łuku 1-1 CTeneHi.t npeo6.pa>KeH"1Jl oTno>KeH"1H coceAYK>Llli.tX c co- waryscydów europejskich. W tabeli przedstawiono k~ 6oi:1 B cyAeTCKOH CTpYKType, yKa3blBałOT Ha 6onbwoe relację jednostek litostratygraficznych silezu czeskiej i pol ropi.t30HTanbHOe nepeMell.leHi.te. npo"1CXOAJlll.1"1e OAHOBpe skiej części zapadliska Sudetów Środkowych. Molasa MeHHO aepT1-1KanbHb1e AB"1>KeH"1Jl Bbl3Ban"1 o6pa3oBaHi.te węglonośna Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego zloka B B"13ei'lcKoM 1!pyce B ueHTpanbHblX CyAeTax Me>Krop lizowana jest w strefie zewnętrznej łuku waryscyjskiego Horo nporn6a 3anonHeHHOrO OCaAKaMi.t Ti.tna MonaCCbl, a środkowoczeskie zagłębia węglowe leżą w obrębie wa He HapyweHHblMl-1 CKnaAl.faTOCTbłO. B 30He OKpy>1<at0L11eH ryscyjskiego masywu śródgór;;;kiego . cyAeTcKyt0 CTPYKTYPY 06pa3oaan"1cb B :no apeMR ocaAKi.t cpn"1weaoi:1 accou1-1au"1"1, a Ha rpaHi.t lTi.tx 30H - ocaAKi.t Ti.tna oni.tCTOCTpOMOB, KOTOpblX cpparMeHTbl coxpaHi.tnllJCb PE3K)ME AO c1-1x nop B Kal.faBCKOH "1 6apACKOH cTpyKTypax. -
Ediacaran Extinction and Cambrian Explosion
Opinion Ediacaran Extinction and Cambrian Explosion 1, 2 3 4 Simon A.F. Darroch, * Emily F. Smith, Marc Laflamme, and Douglas H. Erwin The Ediacaran–Cambrian (E–C) transition marks the most important geobio- Highlights logical revolution of the past billion years, including the Earth’s first crisis of We provide evidence for a two-phased biotic turnover event during the macroscopic eukaryotic life, and its most spectacular evolutionary diversifica- Ediacaran–Cambrian transition (about tion. Here, we describe competing models for late Ediacaran extinction, 550–539 Ma), which both comprises the Earth’s first major biotic crisis of summarize evidence for these models, and outline key questions which will macroscopic eukaryotic life (the disap- drive research on this interval. We argue that the paleontological data suggest pearance of the enigmatic ‘Ediacara – – two pulses of extinction one at the White Sea Nama transition, which ushers biota’) and immediately precedes the Cambrian explosion. in a recognizably metazoan fauna (the ‘Wormworld’), and a second pulse at the – E C boundary itself. We argue that this latest Ediacaran fauna has more in Wesummarizetwocompetingmodelsfor – common with the Cambrian than the earlier Ediacaran, and thus may represent the turnover pulses an abiotically driven model(catastrophe)analogoustothe‘Big the earliest phase of the Cambrian Explosion. 5’ Phanerozoic mass extinction events, and a biotically driven model (biotic repla- Evolutionary and Geobiological Revolution in the Ediacaran cement) suggesting that the evolution of The late Neoproterozoic Ediacara biota (about 570–539? Ma) are an enigmatic group of soft- bilaterian metazoans and ecosystem engineering were responsible. bodied organisms that represent the first radiation of large, structurally complex multicellular eukaryotes.