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Review on Acne Cosmetica with Management by Vishaghan Mahakashay and Lodhradi Lepa

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Review on Acne Cosmetica with Management by Vishaghan Mahakashay and Lodhradi Lepa wjpmr, 2018,4(11), 105-109 SJIF Impact Factor: 4.639 Review Article WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL Sharma et al. AND MEDICAL RESEARCH World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical ResearchISSN 2455 -3301 www.wjpmr.com WJPMR REVIEW ON ACNE COSMETICA WITH MANAGEMENT BY VISHAGHAN MAHAKASHAY AND LODHRADI LEPA Dr. Kirti Sharma*1, Dr S.R. Inchulkar2 and Dr. Prafulla3 1P.G. Scholar, Department of Agad Tantra evam Vidhi Vaidyak, Govt Ayurvedic College, Raipur (C.G.). 2Professor & HOD, Department of Agad Tantra evam Vidhi Vaidyak, Govt Ayurvedic College Raipur (C.G.). 3Reader, Department of Agad Tantra evam Vidhi Vaidyak, Govt Ayurvedic College, Raipur (C.G.). *Corresponding Author: Dr. Kirti Sharma P.G. Scholar, Department of Agad Tantra evam Vidhi Vaidyak, Govt Ayurvedic College, Raipur (C.G.). Article Received on 09/09/2018 Article Revised on 30/09/2018 Article Accepted on 21/10/2018 ABSTRACT Acne cosmetica is an inflammation of pilosebaceous follicle of certain body areas occurs commonly in 80% adolescence. It is a condition which occurs due to the use of certain makeup and cosmetics products, seen on the skin area where the beauty product is applied. Acne cosmetica was described at the first time by Kligman and Mills in 1972. In Ayurveda Acne cosmetica comes under mukhdushika, Cosmetics and beauty products having various chemical and these are considered as kritrim visha. kritrimavisha (Artificial poisons) is prepared by the combination of various animate, inanimate poisons. Acharya Charak described Vishghna mahakashaya and Acharya Sharangadhara mentioned lodhradi lepa can be a better choice for the treatment of Acne cosmetica or mukhdushika, by its antitoxic effect, blood purification and varnya (skin complexion) property. KEYWORDS: Acne cosmetica, mukhdushika, cosmetics, comedones, vishaghna mahakashay etc. INTRODUCTION causing inflammation on cheeks, forehead, nose and chin area. Half of 25 facial beauty creams were found to be Acne cosmetica is a chronic inflammatory disease of the mildly comedogenic when tested in rabbits external ear pilo-sebaceous follicle that affects about 80% of canals, substances which are present in cosmetics were adolescents. It is evaluated that the prevalence of the also comedogenic, namely, lanolin, petrolatum, certain disease is almost 1-12 % in the adult males and 12-17% vegetable oils, and pure chemicals like lauryl alcohol, in adult females.[1] Acne cosmetica is a human skin butyl stearate and oleic acid. Prolonged use can evoke disease characterized by skin with scaly red skin lowgrade comedonal reactions in susceptible women. (seborrhea), blackheads (comedones), whiteheads Cosmetics as the cause of this disorder which has been (milia), pinheads (papules), large papules (nodules), named Acne cosmetica.[5] Acne is a disease which affects pimples and scarring.[2] a major part of the population that can leave scar which is affected on self-esteem, psychological and social life. In Ayurveda, Acne cosmetica mainly due to Vishaghna mahakashaya and lodhradi lepa can be kritrimavisha (Artificial poisons) or Garavisha. screened for anti-allergic, antitoxic and blood purify Kritrimavisha is prepared by the combination of various properties against dermatological disorders.[6,7] animate, inanimate poisons, also by the combination of virudhoushadhi (incompatible drugs), bhasma (ashes), The goal of present article is being to clear the lesions, alpaveerya visha yogas (less potent toxic drug).[3] prevent scarring, limit any treatment-related side-effects Acharya Sushruta has mentioned vishajushta mukhalepa and psychological effect. Local application is useful in lakshanas (poison containing face creams) in this skin disorders as it directly act on lesion. Internal syavatha (blackishness), pathminikantaka (pimples) are medicine is also necessary to bring balanced status of the main symptoms.[4] Cosmetics are made for enhancing affected Dosha-Dushya avastha. Hence this attempt is the beauty and conceal imperfections. Whose having made to find the safe and curative remedy in the form of acne uses cosmetic products to hide a pimply vishaghna mahakashay and Lodhradi Lepa for acne appearance, but some cosmetics may be clog pores cosmatica or mukhdushika. further, resulting more and more breakouts. Acne cosmetica is caused by comedogenic (clogs pores) Risk Factors[8]: Risk factor for Acne cosmetica is the products that penetrate down into pores. As a result, use of certain cosmetics, and beauty products. Cosmetics comedones (blackheads) and milia (whiteheads) develop www.wjpmr.com 105 Sharma et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research that may induce this skin condition may be in the form 3) The presence and activity of the microbial flora of: Propionibacterium acnes. Sunscreens 4) Inflammation. Topical creams and gels Moisturizers and lotions Acne results from several interacting pathogenetic Sprays and scents. factors. Among these, the pathogenetic factors should not be viewed individually, as they influence each other. Etiology[8]: Acne cosmetica results when the cosmetics Histologically a comedone consists of keratinised cells, block the hair follicles, which is leading to the formation sebum and bacteria. The hair follicle containing a of acne. comedone is surrounded by lymphocytic and [12] Several types of cosmetic products may produce the neutrophilic infiltrate in acne. Seborrhea, on the one condition; the skin reacting to the chemical in the hand, and increased keratinization of the follicular cosmetics. epithelium, on the other, produce a favourable Individuals already having acne may have a higher environment for strong over growth of propionibacteria, risk for aggravated condition. which belong to the resident skin flora and are non- pathogenic under normal circumstances. Metabolites of Clinical Features propionibacteria induce follicular and perifollicular Lesions are usually limited to face. Open comedones inflammation especially due to chemotactic substances. (blackheads) due to plugging by keratin and sebum of the The inflammatory component can be the dominant pilosebaceous orifice, or closed comedones (whiteheads) clinical feature in many patients. As a result of the due to accretions of sebum and keratin deeper in the inflammatory follicular changes, leukocytes can invade pilosebaceous ducts, are usually evident. A mild form of the follicular wall and follicular rupture may follow. The acne dominated by the presence of comedones may be content of the comedone empties into the surrounding due to exogenous substance such as tars, chlorinated tissue. Keratin and hair components augment hydrocarbons or oily cosmetics.[9] Acne is characterized inflammation via a foreign body reaction, so that abscesses and fistulas as well as systemic signs of by scattered comedones on the face and only few [13] inflammatory lesions like papules, pustules will be seen. inflammation can occur. Acne triggers in cosmetics include comedogenic [14] ingredients, essential oils or too greasy or oily In Ayurveda - In Ayurveda, a brief description about foundations, powder make-up, aggressive skin cleansers mukhdushika has been described. In all Samhitas Kapha, and soaps with pH of 8.0. Some products which is used Vata, & Rakta dushti is considered as causative factor of for hair like brilliantine, have been reported to cause the disease. According to Sushruta Samhita painful comedones and cysts on the forehead and temple acne.[10] eruptions like thorn of Shaalmali, impregnated with Acne cosmetica may have a slow onset. In some patients, Meda are found on the face of adolescent are called as the signs and symptoms is not seen immediate after Mukhdushika. usage of the makeup or cosmetics. It may appear after [15] some days, weeks, and months for the lesions to develop. Samprati The signs and symptoms of Acne cosmetica may be as follows[8]: The acne develops on the areas where cosmetics product is applied, include the face and neck (mostly), chest, back, and legs. In some patients, the condition is mild and small bumps may see. Prolonged use of the comedogenic and oily cosmetic product may cause severe skin lesions. Individuals with existing acne may have more severe condition. Pathophysiology[11] The pathogenesis of acne are as- the interplay of Management: Acne cosmatica or mukhdushika may be hormonal, bacterial, and immunological (inflammatory) manage by vishaghna mahakashay and lodhradi lepa. factors results in the formation of acne lesions. Acne Lodhradi lepa described in many ayurvedic classics for develops as a result of an interplay of the following 4 the treatment of mukhdushika. Vishaghna mahakashay factors: described by charak and it helps to purify the blood. 1) Follicular hyperkeratosis (closed and open [16] comedones). Vishaghna mahakashay 2) Excess sebum production. Vishaghna mahakashay includes following ten drugs- Haridra, Manjishtha, Suvaha, Sukshma Ela, Palindi, www.wjpmr.com 106 Sharma et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research Chandana, Katak, Shirisha, Sidhuvaar, Shleshmatka. Various studies on drugs suggest their action such as[17]: Vishaghna mahakashaya dravyas shows the antitoxic 1. Immunomodulator Anti-stress effect by the treating of Rakta and pitta dushti. Toxins 2. Adaptogenic Nootropic are released in the blood by the cell or tissues in. If 3. Antioxidant. toxins are not excreted by body further then it produces a pathogenesis of any type of disease. This mahakashaya These properties of herbs help them to treat allergic skin herb neutralize the toxin
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