MILITARY POLICE

JUNE 1970

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MAJ Robert J. Fetterolf SP4 Charles L. Burns Editor Associate Editor

Volume XIX June 1970 Number 11

FEATURE ARTICLES

15th Military Police Brigade, "Nothing So Constant As Change" 5 MG Karl W. Gustafson The MP in Action ------16 Acting President Key MPC Assignments ------18 COL Byron H. Russell, Jr.

Terrorism-A Political Weapon ------..-----...... ------19 Executive Council Unit Membership Award HONOR ROLL ------36 Dr. Neal B. Andregg LTC James D. Cashman REGULAR FEATURES MAJ Jim M. Parrack, Jr. MAJ John T. Thompson, Jr. Bulletin Board ------3 Vietnam Roundup ------28 CPT Forrest S. Chilton CPT Joel L. Leson Roundup Special ------22 For Outstanding Service ------32 1LT David F. Shewmake, USMC CSM Charles K. Samples MPA Roundup ------23 Your Move ------34 SGM T. G. Moraetes 1SG Robert A. Wiles THE MILITARY POLICE ASSOCIATION is a nonprofit organization supported by the fees SFC Dudley L. Godwin of its members. Its purpose is to advance the science of police administration and crime SSG J. W. Konczal prevention, and to preserve and foster the spirit of fellowship among former, present, and future law enforcement personnel of the Armed Forces and other persons interested in the police profession. Membership in the Military Police Association is open to all Secretary-Treasurer persons who have been or may be engaged in law enforcement and to any other persons interested in the objectives of the association. Dues are $5.00 per year in LTC Donald T. Cameron, Jr. the USA or to APOs payable in advance, and include a year's subscription to the MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL. Single copies, 50¢. Second-class postage paid Augusta, Ga. Correspond- ence pertaining to membership should be addressed to the Secretary-Treasurer, Military Police CPT Daniel M. Foley, Jr. Association, Box 7500, Fort Gordon, Georgia 30905. Assistant Editor -mpa- PFC Donald C. Reesman THE MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL is published monthly by the Military Police Association, Business Manager Inc., for the benefit of its members, and is not an official publication of the Department of the Army. Views expressed in articles appearing in the MILITARY POLICE Dee Costello JOURNAL do not necessarily reflect official thought nor do they reflect the Secretary opinions of the members of the Executive Council or its officers. The editor wel- comes the personal views of authors which stimulate interest and provoke thought on matters SGT Bromley H. Billmeyer of police administration, crime prevention and military police activities. Copyright ©, 1970 Circulation Manager by the Military Police Association, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in Clinton, S. C. by Jacobs Press, Inc. Manuscripts should be addressed to the Editor, MILITARY POLICE SP4 James R. Cummins JOURNAL, Box 7500, Fort Gordon, Georgia 30905. Assistant Circulation Manager -mpa- SP4 Robert D. Brough All photographs contained in this issue are Official US Army Photos unless other- Illustrator wise accredited. -mpa- HOW TO READ YOUR EXPIRATION DATE LOCATED NEXT TO YOUR NAME: The MILITARY POLICE first three-digit number is a cross-reference number utilized in processing your membership. The second number is read as follows: The first two digits are the month; the last digit is the ASSOCIATION, Inc. year. Thus, 081 is August 1971; 121 is December 1971.

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL BULLETIN BOARD

COVER The Military Police Association School Award and one-year subscriptions to the JOURNAL have been presented to the following recent graduates of (T11"YA,LO courses conducted at the US Army Military Police School. Correctional Specialist Course, Class #519: PV2 Donald B. Christiansen, PFC Raymond D. Courtney and PFC Charles W. Knight, Jr. Correc- tional Specialist Course, Class #520: PV2 Edward J. Kaufmann, PFC Bryant D. Mueller and PV2 Ronald G. Salome. Polygraph Examiner Course, Class #1: Mr. Richard W. Cameron, SA William A. Davidson and Mr. Joseph G. Worthington. Correctional Spe- 'EL cialist Course, Class #521: PV2 Larry R. Griffith, PV2 James P. Morris and PV2 Conrad C. Ohman. Correctional Specialist Course, Class #522: PFC John P. McCarthy, PV2 Gary R. Nylund and PFC Russell L. Pope. Military Police Officer Basic Course, Class This month's cover features the crest and shoulder #5: 2LT Jon M. Chisholm, 2LT William M. Plate and patch of the 15th Military Police Brigade. 25 June 1LT Steven L. Sloca. Correctional Specialist Course, marks the Fifth Anniversary of the activation of the Class #523: PFC David G. Hjelstrom, PV2 Jeremy F. Army's first military police brigade, the 15th. SP4 Plant and PV2 James O. Ramser. Correctional Robert M. Hagan's featur e story, "15th Military Specialist Course, Class #524: PV2 Thomas G. Koth, Police Brigade, Nothing So Constant As Change," PFC John P. Schamberger and PV2 Robert Sutton, Jr. pays tribute to the dedicated service of former and Correctional Specialist Course, Class #525: PV2 James present members of this pr oud unit throughout this A. Archdeacon, PV2 John J. Cook and PV2 Charles difficult period. The JOURNI AL is most pleased to be J. Murphy. Military Police Supervision Course, Class able to present this accou it. The theme was de- #5: ISG Ralph E. Dean, SSG John C. Gabrielaitis, Jr. veloped and executed on ouir cover by Mrs. Erna K. and SSG William L. Mock. Leon.

Retiring, retired or former military police person- Applications are being received for the Second nel are desired for security positions as Store Security Annual MPA Scholarship Award (MP JOURNAL, April Officers and District Security Supervisors in several 1970). Deadline for submi.ssion of applications is locations throughout the United States. Interested 1 July 1970. Forms may be obtained by writing persons should write Mr. L. Richard Bergstrom, Se- the Editor, Military Police JC )URNAL, P.O. Box 7500, curity Manager, Kroger Family Center, 1014 Vine Fort Gordon, Georgia 30905. The $500.00 grant will Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45201. be awarded to a college freshman dependent of an Association member for tthe fall term 1970. * * * *

* * * * * Nine recent outstanding graduates of the 4th A significant number of bback issues of the JOUR- Advanced Individual Training Brigade (MP) received NAL are still available for tihose members interested the MPA Outstanding Graduate Plaque and a letter in completing their library. iPlease send 50¢ for each from the MPA President. They are PV2 William F. copy requested to Business Manager, Military Police Alfree, E-10; PFC Arnett M. Dorsey, F-10; PV2 William JOURNAL, P.O. Box 7500, Fort Gordon, Georgia F. Ryan, C-11; PV2 Lee H. Heusinger, D-11; PV2 30905. Charles G. Causey, C-12; PFC Joseph S. Groff, D-12; PV2 Michael L. Mowen, E-12; PFC Earl M. Hagn, F-12; * * * * * and PFC Peter F. Bechen, F-11. The District of Columbia Police Department (DCPD) * * * * * special temporary recruitingp effort among military personnel is at the halfway point. More applicants Super X Drugs is seeking experienced CID per- are still desired. Persons in terested in applying for sonnel to work as investigators for their nationwide a position with DCPD should contact their command- chain of stores. Excellent starting salaries, periodic ing officer. Under DCPD's special recruiting program, increases, retirement and profit sharing plan, free qualified personnel who ar e accepted as probation life and hospitalization insurance, and full expense patrolmen may obtain up to a 150-day "early out." account. Travel required as dictated by assignments. Starting salary currently is $8,000 a year, but a new Contact Mr. E. A. Spohn, Super X Drugs, P. O. Box starting salary of $8,500 is under consideration. 1255, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202.

JUNE 1970 0 CONFINEMENT FACILITY

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Hq s 38,S" MP BN - dtrtKand JuLstria Artwork by SP5 H. Philip Nesbitt, Jr. --3 n 25 June 1965 a ceremony was conducted in front dozens of field exercises, alerts, and inspections, all de- of the I. G. Farben Building in Frankfurt, Germany. signed to keep the brigade in a high state of combat During that ceremony, Colonel Robert L. Staver accepted readiness. the colors and the command of the newly formed 15th At the same time, the brigade has been carrying on its Military Police Brigade, the first such brigade ever acti- peacetime mission of providing police services to more than vated in the United States Army. At that moment, in the half a million US Forces servicemen and their dependents words of Colonel Staver, the Military Police Corps took in the Federal Republic of Germany. This round-the-clock "a step forward in our ever increasing role in support of mission of law enforcement is carried out through the 47 the United States Army." MP stations and provost marshal offices manned by 15th This month the 15th MP Brigade celebrates its Fifth Brigade personnel. These MP stations and substations are Anniversary, marking five years of growth and five years dispersed throughout the country, wherever US troops are of military police service in Germany. The events of those stationed. five years have proven Colonel Staver right in predicting The 15th MP Brigade is also responsible for all non- "an ever increasing role" for the Military Police Corps in divisional CID activity in USAREUR. This mission is per- the US Army. formed through the 9th MP Group (CI), with its detach- The years 1965 to 1970 saw the 15th take-on new units, ments and field offices in the Federal Republic of Germany, new missions, and added responsibilities each year. Through- West Berlin, and five other European nations. out those years, the brigade has been growing and changing. Confinement is another major responsibility of the 15th. In the words of another commander of the brigade, Colonel The three US Forces confinement facilities in Germany are Herbert J. Michau, "there has been nothing so constant as all under the command of the 15th MP Brigade, and a new change" in the short history of the Army's first military facility will soon be added. police brigade. Today, the 15th MP Brigade is a major command of Then LTC William H. Brandenburg leads the Color Guard United States Army Europe (USAREUR), with a strength during the activation ceremonies of the 15th Military of 3,700 military and 386 civilian personnel. The wartime Police Brigade (June 1965). mission of the brigade is to provide military police support o the combat units of USAREUR and Seventh US Army. Specialist Hagan was graduated from the College of Com- _t'o this end, the brigade units are constantly training and munications, University of Illinois, in 1968. He entered preparing for field operations. In the past five years the US Army in early 1969 and, upon completion of basic brigade units have participated in USAREUR and NATO training, was assigned as the second member of the newly exercises such as Reforger I and Car Crew II, as well as formed 15th MP Brigade Information Section.

JUNE 1970 Four detachments of the 15th are responsible for pro- Above: Distressed "prisoners" and an aggressor "casualty" viding physical security at four of the largest US Army are guarded by MPs from the 793d MP Battalion during a Depots in the Federal Republic, located in Kaiserslautern, field training exercise. Far top right: Members of the Giessen, Pirmasens, and Nahbollenbach. 94th MP Battalion provide MP support against aggressor Yet another brigade mission is the enforcement of forces during a tactical convoy exercise. customs laws which apply to US Forces personnel in Germany. This mission, which includes investigation of was to operate in support of USAREUR and Seven-' black market activities, is handled by the 42d MP Group US Army. (Customs), the second of the two groups assigned to the The task of implementing this directive fell to USAREUR brigade. Provost Marshal, Brigadier General Harley L. Moore, Jr., All of these responsibilities involve, in one way or and his Deputy, Colonel Herbert J. Michau. The job was another, our NATO allies and the civilians of the countries not an easy one. It was clear from the beginning that the in which the 15th operates. The MPs of the 15th Brigade COSTAR brigade concept would have to be modified in are in close daily contact with the people of other nations, order to be most effective in Europe. In planning the 15th and so the maintenance of co-operation and respect between Brigade, several factors had to be taken into consideration. the military police and the foreign public has become an The first of these factors was the dual nature of the important facet of the brigade's mission. military police mission in Europe. The MPs have both an important combat mission and an equally important peace- COSTAR - A New Concept time mission. The organizers of the brigade had to deter- The peacetime and combat missions, and the wide range mine the most efficient means- of accomplishing both these of responsibilities encompassed by these missions, make the missions at the same time. 15th MP Brigade unique in military police history. Al- The second factor affecting the brigade organization though all of the activities now under the brigade's com- was the geographical dispersion of the military police in mand were performed in Europe prior to 1965, they were Germany. US Army Military Police are stationed through- never before brought under one central headquarters and out the Federal Republic, from Bremerhaven on the North coordinated through one commander. Sea to the Austrian border and from the Czech border to The 15th MP Brigade was formed in response to the France, over an area of 75,000 square miles. This geo- COSTAR (Combat Service to the Army) concept, the result graphical dispersion would severely tax the logistical and of a five-year study undertaken by the Department of the support functions of the proposed brigade. Army between 1960 and 1965. COSTAR called for the The third factor to be considered in planning the bri- formation of a Military Police Brigade because of the gade was the manpower ceiling in existence at that time. advantages of centralization and flexibility which such a The directive authorizing the formation of the 15th MP brigade would bring to military police operations. Brigade specified that the then authorized limitations c' In 1964 the Department of the Army sent a directive spaces could not be exceeded. to Headquarters USAREUR, ordering the formation of a In 1964, at the time that planning for the 15th Brigade military police brigade in Europe. This brigade was to be began, the 2d MP Group-activated in June of 1964-was formed from resources already available in Europe, and the main MP unit in Germany. It was composed of three

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL MP battalions which provided the personnel for the day- by-day police work. Germany was divided into 11 areas, each of which had a provost marshal's office. The Area As were responsible for the daily law enforcement activi- '-tes within their areas. Each major garrison town in Germany also had a CID detachment, all of which were under the 2d Group. Although the 2d MP Group and its subordinate units were in the US Army Area Command, certain other MP units in Germany, notably the 6th MP Detachment (CI) and the CI Crime Laboratory in Frank- furt, were directly under USAREUR.

Initial Organization Taking into account the special needs of the military police in Europe, and the units available to meet these needs, the COSTAR concept was tailored to meet the re- quirements of USAREUR. The brigade, as it was activated in June of 1965, consisted of two MP Groups, the 2d and the 14th. The brigade was placed under the United States Army Area Command and the groups' geographic areas of responsibility coincided with the districts of the Area Command. The 2d MP Group was moved from Frankfurt, its previous headquarters, to Nurnberg and given the responsi- bility for six of the Area Command's ten districts. To accomplish its mission, the 2d was assigned two MP battalions, plus the CID and provost marshal detachments that operated the 20 MP stations and six substations within Group was given the responsibility for 12 MP stations its area of responsibility. and seven substations. The two battalions assigned to the 2d MP Group were The 94th MP Battalion was, at first, the only battalion 709th and the 793d. The 709th had been stationed in in the 14th Group. The 94th had been reactivated in 1959 .-rankfurt since June 1945. When the 2d Group was acti- and assigned to the Army Advanced Weapons Support vated, the 709th headquarters temporarily moved to Mann- Command (AWSCOM) in Pirmasens, Germany. The bat- heim, but still retained responsibility for the Frankfurt talion was later relieved from AWSCOM and moved to area. In June 1965 the 2d Group moved to Nurnberg and Kaiserslautern, where it is today. In 1965, the 94th and the 709th returned to Frankfurt. Shortly thereafter, bat- its subordinate units had the responsibility for the Rhineland- talion headquarters took up residence in Bierberer Strasse Pfalz Area of West Germany. Unlike the other battalions Kaserne, Offenbach, just outside of Frankfurt. in the 15th, the 94th was organized under TOE 19-500D, The 709th was organized under TOE 19-35, with three with numbered rather than lettered companies. lettered companies. Company A was divided between Frankfurt and Darmstadt; Company B was distributed An MP from the 94th MP Battalion takes action to repel among Giessen, Butzbach, Hanau, Kassel, and Fulda; and an aggressor during a NATO exercise. Company C had its headquarters in Bad Kreuznach, with elements in Mainz and Baumholder. In addition, the 285th MP Company in Karlsruhe, and the 537th MP Company in Mannheim, were attached to the 709th. The 793d MP Battalion, like the 709th, was an "old veteran" in Germany. The 793d had arrived in Germany from France in January 1946. Since 1946, the battalion headquarters had been in Nurnberg, and it was the 793d which provided security for the Nurnberg War Crimes Trials held there in 1946. When the 15th MP Brigade was activated, the 793d remained in Nurnberg, with responsi- bility for a :geographic area of approximately 35,000 square miles. The battalion's area includes, among other places, the Armed Forces Recreation Centers of Garmisch and Berchtesgaden, and the Army Training Areas near "-afenwoehr. The 14th MP Group was activated in Mannheim, Ger- many, and assigned one MP Battalion, plus the 463d MP Company (Escort Guard) and the 533d MP Company, which would function separately under the Group. The 14th MP

JUNE 1970 1944-45. The battalion was part of the original US Army of Occupation in Germany, but was deactivated in 1948. In 1955, the 385th was reactivated as the 385th MP Bat- talion with the mission of supporting Seventh US Army. When the 385th was assigned to the 15th Brigade i,- 1966, it remained in Stuttgart, with a geographic area of responsibility which included most of southern Germany. Its wartime mission, like that of the other battalions in the 15th, is "to enforce military laws, orders, and regulations, to include control of traffic, stragglers, circulation of indi- viduals, protection of property, and operation of check- points in support of combat operations." The battalion's peacetime mission is to provide military police support to three area provost marshals in their mission of enforcing discipline, law, and order in their respective areas. At the same time as the 385th was joining the brigade, a new problem was being felt throughout USAREUR, as the result of a war half-a-world away. Increasing numbers of experienced officers and men were being levied from the 15th MP Brigade for service in Vietnam. The "Vietnam drawdown" strained the military police resources in Ger- many by causing a shortage of personnel throughout the command. MPs found themselves shorthanded, working harder and longer to fill the gaps left by the departing men. Unfortunately, until the Army's resources caught up with the manpower requirements of the Vietnam conflict, there could be no other answer than harder work. The men of the 15th rose to the occasion, putting in- Nurnberg, and its historic "Womens Church" is one of the creased effort into their work. Their efforts were so sights seen daily on MP patrols. successful that the incident rate throughout USAREUR declined during the year 1966, despite the shortage of Although a great deal of further augmentation was trained MP personnel. planned into the 15th Brigade, the basic plan was the same in 1965 as it is today. The groups and battalions, A Symbol of Vigilance through the line companies, have the responsibility of Perhaps the most important psychological achievement providing military police support to the area provost mar- of the brigade in 1966 was the adoption of the unit patch, shals. The MP personnel are trained, equipped, and com- "the Griffin." The patch was approved by the Institute of manded by the line units, but during duty hours they are Heraldry in April 1966, and shortly thereafter the patches under the operational control of the provost marshals. In became available for all the men of the brigade. The 15th this way, both the wartime mission of combat support and Brigade patch replaced the Seventh Army patch which was the peacetime mission of daily law enforcement could be worn prior to 1966. carried out simultaneously by the brigade. Both the area The Griffin patch, which has now become a familiar provost marshals and the battalion and group commanders sight throughout the Federal Republic of Germany, is a are responsibile to the brigade commander for the fulfill- green shield with a yellow embattled border. Within the ment of their respective missions. border is a yellow griffin's head. A mythological animal, Brigade headquarters was established in Frankfurt, the the griffin is the symbol of eternal vigilance and prepared- largest communications and transportation center in West ness, and refers to the 15th's mission of daily law enforce- Germany. It was from this location that brigade operations ment and combat preparedness. began to function. The last six months of 1965 were mainly The new patch was a visible symbol of the new unit occupied with testing the new form of organization and pride felt by all the men of the brigade. From the stand- effecting a smooth operation. point of unit morale, "the Griffin" gave the men an in- valuable sense of esprit de corps as military policemen. New Augmentation Throughout the period 1965 to 1967, all the units of the The year 1966 saw the first augmentation of the brigade, brigade were undergoing an intensive period of training in as had been planned at the time of activation. In January preparation for their wartime mission. The 709th MP 1966 the brigade was reassigned from United States Army Battalion, for example, conducted extensive field training Area Command to the Seventh US Army Support Command during the months from December 1965 to March 1967. (SUPCOM). Shortly thereafter the 385th MP Battalion According to the battalion history, "each platoon went joined the brigade and was added to the 14th MP Group. independently to the field for two weeks, and a formida,,d Originally, a Railway Security Battalion, the 385th, was number of company-sized training periods and tests were first activated in France in 1944. During the war the 385th conducted." earned a battle streamer for the Rhineland Campaign of All of the units of the 15th were undergoing similar

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL training. During this phase, the brigade's units rendered military police support for six separate winter exercises as well as for many other major field operations. Besides ining the men, these exercises also served to test the ,_gade's combat support capabilities under realistic field conditions. In the fall of 1966, the 709th also participated in a more unusual exercise--a championship fight. The 709th was tasked to provide a large part of the police support for the World's Heavyweight Boxing Championship Match between Cassius Clay and George Mildenberger, which was held in Frankfurt. In 1967, the 709th had another unusual mission to perform. A Soviet pilot, flying a MIG-17 fighter plane, defected to the West and landed his plane in West Germany. The 709th provided security for a convoy which marched to the East German border to return the plane to the Soviet authorities. In May 1967 the Brigade gained another platoon, the Above: A member of the 570th MP Platoon performs 570th MP Platoon (Railway Guard), which had previously railway security duty, protecting US mail and official been under the command of USAREUR Headquarters. The consignments which move through Germany. Below: The 570th, although a small unit, has one of the most unusual 59th MP Company has the responsibility for providing MP missions in Europe. The platoon, stationed in Frankfurt, support to the port of Bremerhaven. is responsible for the security of all US Government rail shipments in West Germany. The 570th guards US Mail brief Arab-Israeli conflict, and Company A was returned and official consignments, and investigates pilferage of to Europe five days later, on 13 June. The brief flare-up official shipments in transit. The 570th Railway Guard is was over, but the necessity of combat preparedness had unique, not only in Europe, but throughout the US Army. once again been impressed upon the men of the 15th. In June of 1967 the 15th MP Brigade faced another of the recurring international crises which are the reason for REFORGER Redeployment the US Army's presence in Europe. In that month, war The year 1968 brought in a new USAREUR concept of pted in the Mideast between Israel and its Arab neigh- combat preparedness. This new concept, called REFORGER, -trs. The "Six-Day War" of 1967 required quick action is a scheme for quick mobilization of Army units for use on the part of the 15th. The 709th MP Battalion was tasked in Europe. Under REFORGER, many units would be kept to dispatch a company into the area to provide security for in the United States, rather than in Europe. These RE- US citizens in the combat area. Within six hours of noti- FORGER units would remain constantly ready to be air- fication on 8 June, Company A of the 709th was airlifted lifted back to Germany upon short notice in case of a to a staging site in Athens, Greece. threat to the peace in Europe. Fortunately, the MPs were never needed during the In the spring of 1968, more than 25,000 USAREUR troops were returned to the United States. Although sta- mand, and became a major assigned unit of United States tioned in the United States, these troops remained part of Army Europe, directly responsible to the Commander-in- the NATO defense force and under the operational com- Chief, USAREUR. mand of the US Commander-in-Chief, Europe. The 15th This reassignment of command was the first step MP Brigade was one of the USAREUR units to have ele- further augmentation of the Brigade, and involved severar ments redeployed in line with REFORGER. The 2d and important changes. As a major USAREUR command, the the 14th MP Groups, as well as the 463d MP Company, Brigade Headquarters had to assume several functions returned to the United States. From their CONUS bases, which had previously been handled by Seventh Army Sup-, they would be redeployed to Europe if required. The last port Command. To accomplish these new missions, the elements of the 463d and the 2d Group left Germany on brigade headquarters was expanded by a TDA augmentation 10 August 1968. Under the new organization, the battalions which created several new staff sections and expanded came under the direct command of the brigade, rather than already existing sections. the groups. A Personnel Services Section was added to the head- On 20 August 1968, Europe faced a new international quarters to meet the administrative and personnel needs crisis. That morning, Soviet armored units crossed the of the entire brigade, a function previously met by area Czechoslovakian border in force, to crush the newly lib- servicing companies. A Comptroller Section was added to eralized communist regime which had been defying Soviet give the headquarters the capability of handling the budget power for several months. The Russian move was not operations of the entire brigade, which had also previously completely unexpected by the Western powers. Ever since been administered by Seventh Army Support Command. the spring of 1968, when Czech Communist Party Secretary A Staff Judge Advocate Section was added to the head- Anton Dubcek had begun to deviate from the Moscow party quarters with the mission of advising the brigade com- line, the threat of Russian tanks had been growing. mander in all matters relating to military justice and disci- Once again, events in the Eastern bloc had justified the pline, legal affairs, and legal services. An Information presence of US troops in Europe. An ironic effect of the Office was formed, to perform the public and command Soviet invasion was that it forced the men of the 15th MP information activities for brigade headquarters, and to Brigade into defending the Russians. supervise such activity throughout the brigade. A per- The Soviet government maintains a Military Liaison manent CMMI team was formed under the S-4 section, and Mission (SMLM) in Frankfurt as a result of the 1947 the other sections of the brigade were similarly "fleshed Huebner-Malinin Agreement, which provided for the ex- out," and their activities expanded. All of this was part of change of military liaison missions between the American the continuing effort to perfect the staff expertise to better and Russian forces in Germany. perform the new missions, an effort which still continue In August 1968, an outraged mob of Germans broke today. Altogether, the number of persons assigned into the SMLM compound in Frankfurt during a demon- attached to the brigade headquarters increased from 48 in stration, protesting the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. 1968 to 190 in 1969. Since the buildings, personnel, and material in the com- the troops pound are under the protection of the US Forces, Patrolling through the German countryside is just one of to repel the demon- of the 709th MP Battalion were selected the many aspects of military police duty in Europe. strators. The MPs succeeded in clearing the compound without any injury to persons or property, either among the demonstrators or the Soviets, thus preventing what could have been an international incident. In November 1968, the first of the massive REFORGER training exercises, REFORGER I, was initiated. This com- plex NATO operation was designed to test the speed and effectiveness of massive troop shipments from the United States to continental Europe. Under REFORGER I, ele- ments of several units returned to Germany. These troops were airlifted to Europe and then moved to pre-positioned sites where their equipment was stored. Once equipped, they then moved to their respective combat sectors. REFORGER I required a total brigade effort to provide the necessary military police support. The MPs were responsible for providing traffic control posts, rest stops, roving patrols, and enforcement of law and order among the moving troops. In their assigned areas, the battalions were responsible for directing and convoying the RE- FORGER units. These movements were accomplished with speed and safety, thanks to the efforts of the MPs involved. 1969- New Missions, New Units On 15 January 1969 the 15th MP Brigade took another major step in reorganization. On that day, the brigade was shifted to USAREUR from Seventh Army Support Com- The expansion of the headquarters staff greatly increased space requirements. The brigade headquarters was forced to seek new accommodations. In the spring of 1969, the Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment moved from "ankfurt to Rhine-Ordnance Barracks, near Kaiserslautern. Before the headquarters was settled into its new offices, the new augmentation of the brigade began. On 15 May the brigade gained two MP groups. One, the 42d MP Group (Customs) was transferred from USAREUR command; the other, the 9th MP Group (CI), was newly activated within the brigade. The 42d MP Group exists pursuant to the NATO Status of Forces Agreement and other agreements con- cluded between the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany. These agreements grant members of the US Forces and their dependents in Germany exemptions from import duties and other taxes on goods intended for their personal use. To preserve these privileges, the US has agreed to enforce those German customs laws and regulations An MP from the 94th MP Battalion puts the final touches applicable to US Forces personnel. on his field layout. Frequent inspections are one method of The 42d MP Group is charged with the mission of keeping the brigade combat ready. enforcing those customs laws and regulations. The group provides customs support for all three branches of the US Armed Forces throughout the Federal Republic of Germany, 37th, and 52d MP Detachments. The personnel and equip- an area of over 247,860 square kilometers. ment resources of these detachments were transferred to This mission involves the 42d in several facets of mili- the seven lettered detachments of the new group. tary police and customs work. Operating through five area The 9th Group was formed in order to consolidate the detachments and twelve sub-detachments, the 42d's customs various CI detachments in Europe under one headquarters. investigators assist the German customs officials in in- According to Colonel Edward G. Luce, 9th Group Com- vestigating black market activities of US tax-free merchan- mander, "The reason for consolidation was to provide dise involving US Forces members. Joint investigations are central direction to the CID effort and thereby achieve "onducted whenever necessary. greater economy in personnel, standardization in CID The group also operates customs inspection stations at procedures, and greater flexibility for rapid response to Rhine-Main Airport in Frankfurt, Stuttgart Airport, the port specific requirements anywhere in Europe. of Bremerhaven, and at selected border crossing points. "All criminal investigative personnel, no matter where Customs inspectors at these stations inspect the baggage of they are, have an identical type mission. With all CID US Forces personnel entering or leaving Germany. These offices under central command, we can insure that all customs inspection points process approximately 200,00 US elements maintain uniform standards in the performance Forces members arriving and departing Germany each of that mission. Previously, the CI detachments were under year. various major subordinate commands of US Army Europe The 42d also performs Postal Customs Inspection. MP and Seventh Army. As a result, CID personnel sometimes Customs Postal Inspectors in US Forces Post Offices would be assigned missions quite foreign to their area of spot-check personal consignments to and from US Forces responsibility, and in this way they were not being utilized personnel to prevent the mailing of contraband items in properly. The local commands would perhaps not use them violation of customs regulations. as effectively as we would hope to use them under central The 42d is further responsible for issuing the customs direction." documents required of members of US Forces for the duty- At first, the new group organization was only a paper free importation of personal items, the purchase of vehicles transfer. The detachments and field offices remained in from customs bonded warehouses, and the transfer of the same locations without a change in mission. But, in the dutiable items from members of the American forces to summer and fall of 1969 the 9th undertook an internal non-members. reorganization to equalize the CI workload and resources The 9th Military Police Group (CI) was activated on among the detachments. 15 May, the same day that the 42d joined the brigade. The In the reorganization, completed in January 1970, 9th is the first Criminal Investigation Group to be activated portions of the investigative areas of responsibility of in Europe since World War II. It has the additional dis- Detachments C and D were assigned to Detachments E and tinction of being the only CI Group in the US Army which G. The current missions of the detachments are as follows: operates in six foreign countries. The 40 field offices of Detachment A, located in Heidelberg, provides criminal the group are located in Belgium, Germany, England, investigative support to all US Armed Forces and other France, Holland and Italy. NATO investigative agencies located in Europe, Africa, and The activation of the 9th MP Group was the result of the Middle East to Pakistan. Detachment A conducts in- "three years of planning and consideration. The group was vestigations which have been directed by the Provost formed upon deactivation of the eight non-divisional CI Marshal, USAREUR & Seventh Army, without regard to detachments in Europe, the 5th, 6th, 11th, 13th, 15th, 25th, specific area of responsibility. These special investigations

JUNE 1970 include the international traffic in drugs and narcotics, campaigns of World War II, was reactivated in 1964 in and other problems of special concern to the Commander- Pirmasens. In 1967, the company was reassigned to Head- in-Chief, USAREUR. quarters, US European Command (USEUCOM). Detachment B, located in Frankfurt, provides criminal Located at Patch Barracks, Stuttgart-Vaihingen, Ge investigative laboratory support to all United States Armed many, the 554th provides physical security for USEUCO- Forces and other NATO investigative agencies located in Headquarters and its direct support agencies. The company Europe, Africa, and the Middle East to Pakistan. The CI provides the MP Honor Guard, equipped with distinctive Crime Lab in Frankfurt, one of only four such labs in the uniforms, for all Headquarters USEUCOM ceremonies. US Army, provides scientific analysis of evidence in cases When it joined the brigade in 1969, the 554th was under investigation by the CID. assigned to the 385th MP Battalion. Under the Wuerttem- Detachment C, located in Nurnberg, provides area berg Area Provost Marshal, the Honor Guard is responsible support to US Forces located in the Northern Bavaria, for law enforcement, crime prevention, and traffic control Franconia, and Vogelsberg areas of Germany, including on Patch Barracks and in the nearby towns of Boeblingen the US Army units along the East German and Czechoslovak and Vaihingen. borders. The 59th MP Company, which has also participated in Detachment D, which has its headquarters in Mannheim, several World War II campaigns, was assigned to the 709th provides area support to US Forces located along the Rhine MP Battalion. The 59th furnishes port security and MP River, from Switzerland in the South to Bremerhaven on support to the port of Bremerhaven, which is the major the North Sea. port for those US government shipments which arrive or Detachment E, headquartered in Munich, has investiga- depart Europe by sea. The 59th enjoys the distinction of tive responsibility for the South Bavaria and Wuerttemberg being the greatest distance from its battalion headquarters areas of Germany, as well as the Southern European Task and the brigade headquarters than any other company in Force (SETAF) in Italy. the 15th. Detachment F, located in West Berlin, furnishes criminal investigative support to US Army Berlin, including Helm- Confinement - A New Responsibility stedt, which is on the western end of the free access autobahn The last of the major augmentations to the 15th MP to Berlin. Brigade occurred on 1 July 1969, when the four US Forces Detachment G, with headquarters in Kaiserslautern, confinement facilities in Germany were assigned to the provides support to all US Army elements in Germany west brigade. The four confinement detachments, the 43d, 50th, of the Rhine River and in France, England, Belgium, and 51st and 77th MP Detachments, represented a whole new Holland. "bundle" of responsibilities-and headaches-for the br; In June 1969 the brigade gained two new companies, gade commander. the 554th MP Company "Honor Guard," and the 59th MP The four stockades in USAREUR had previously been Company. The 554th, a veteran of the Normandy, Northern under Theater Army Support Command (TASCOM). Lo- Europe, Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, and Central Europe cated in Frankfurt, Dachau, Mannheim, and Nurnberg, each of the facilities was under a different support command, German-American patrols help to promote mutual under- according to their geographical location. standing between MPs of both countries. Immediately upon acquiring the stockades, the brigade undertook a comprehensive program of reorganization and . g.5 coordination. Because the four detachments had previously been under separate support commands, there was some duplication of effort among them. Each stockade had a prisoner population of men who were at various stages in the judicial system, and this made it necessary for each facility to administer numerous different correctional treat- ment programs. This resulted in less efficient use of per- sonnel and funds. Under the newly formed Brigade Confinement Section, responsibilities and resources were shifted among the four facilities to form a more efficient confinement system, rather than maintain four independent stockades. The newest and largest US Army confinement facility in Europe, operated by the 77th MP Detachment, is at Mannheim. Under the brigade reorganization, the Mannheim facility became the major USAREUR stockade. The 77th received all those prisoners who had been convicted and were serving sentences in excess of thirty days. The re- maining facilities were then to be used for those prisoners awaiting trial and for those serving sentences of less thz thirty days. This shifting of the prisoner population created more homogeneous prisoner populations in each facility, and

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL Into the 70s The addition of the confinement facilities was the last major augmentation of the 15th MP Brigade, at least for the present. According to departing brigade commander, Colonel Herbert J. Michau, "As far as the immediate future of the brigade, we don't envision any additional missions for the next year or two. I think that the brigade as it is now, which gives us the geographical responsibility for the Federal Republic of Germany and the CID responsibility, practically speaking, for all of Europe excepting SHAPE Headquarters, is the way this brigade should operate." The emphasis in the 1970s, as it was in the 60s will be on perfecting the brigade's performance of its present missions. Because these missions are so diverse and are always in a state of flux, this has been a continuing brigade goal since 1965. Cooperation and Partnership In accomplishing both the peacetime and the wartime missions of the brigade, cooperation with our European allies has always been of the utmost importance. Because of the very nature of military police work in Europe, the words "NATO Team" are much more than a cliche to the men of the 15th. The need for close cooperation exists both in the combat A criminal investigator from the 9th MP Group (CI) support role and the peacetime role of the brigade. LTC checks a knife for fingerprints. Carl O. Swanson, Commander of the 709th, points out that "Our wartime mission brings us into close contact with allowed the detachments to conduct correctional programs civilian and military traffic of our host nation. Since the based on the length of the prisoner's sentence. Mannheim population and traffic flow within Germany is so dense, was able to commit its resources to a long-term educational constant training is required by the 709th MP Battalion to -aining program, together with a high quality psychiatric insure that we are capable of performing effectively. We do .,nd physical treatment program, while the other facilities this by working closely with the 740th Feldjaegers (German were to concentrate on shorter programs which the prisoners Military Police), headquartered in Mainz. In this way we would be able to complete in their relatively short time in are able to gain insight into the operational concepts of confinement. the German Military Police and the German Army and The Brigade Confinement Section also undertook the constantly improve our capabilities." full development of the recently instituted concept of the Correctional Holding Detachment. The prisoners at Mann- Detection of counterfeit US currency circulated in Europe heim were assigned to a correctional holding detachment is one of the many functions of the brigade's Crime Lab. and removed from their former units. The Correctional Holding Detachment makes it easier for the brigade to sad fA itvs- initiate clemency or elimination procedures with the pris- oners, rather than only recommending such action to the soldier's unit. In addition, the Correctional Holding Detach- ment gives the newly released prisoner a "fresh start" in the Army. Rather than returning to his former unit, the ex-prisoner is sent to a new unit, where his past record is not generally known and he has a better chance of proving himself. In these and several other ways, the Correctional Holding Detachment has aided the confinement facility in administering a meaningful rehabilitation program. The realignment of resources and the integration of facilities instituted by the brigade increased the efficiency of the confinement system to such an extent that it became possible to close one of the facilities. The Dachau stockade was accordingly shut down in the summer of 1969. The reorganization of the USAREUR confinement fa- -ilities is still not completed. A new facility is being built _, the Nurnberg area, and the 15th MP Brigade will take possession of this modern stockade sometime late in 1970. When the new facility is open, the old Nurnberg and Frank- furt stockades will be closed down.

JUNE 1970 For the same reasons, the 793d MP Battalion has been working closely with the German Bundeswehr's 760th Feld- jaegers since 1968. In August 1968, the 793d worked in conjunction with the 760th to establish and operate joint 15th MP BRIGADE German-American posts to monitor the movement of ap- proximately 1200 vehicles from the German Mountains ivision during a training exercise. Since then, the 793d COMMANDERS has participated in numerous Project Partnership activities with their German counterparts. In January of 1970, for example, several MPs from the 793d joined the German Mountains Division for four-weeks of special winter training. The 94th and the 385th MP Battalions have also been quite active in Project Partnership. The 94th has instituted an exchange program with the Feldjaegers of the Bunde- ii dC swehr 1st Airborne Division. In Project Arbeit (work), German and American MPs conducted joint patrols of the COL Robert L. Staver Kaiserslautern area, giving the men a chance to compare June 65-Dec 65 their police methods on a personal level. The MPs also participated with their German counterparts in joint train- ing exercises. Airborne MPs from the 94th jumped with the 1st Airborne during a field exercise last year. In July of 1969, the brigade participated in one of the most widely based Project Partnershipprograms ever under- taken in Europe. After an inter-battalion contest, one pla- toon of the 15th was chosen to represent the US Military Police at a NATO Military Police demonstration held at the German Feldjaeger training school in Sonthofen, Germany. The 385th won the honor of representing the United States at the NATO exercise, and went on to compare skills with COL Henry W. Gibson other MPs from Great Britain, France and Germany. Dec 65- May 67 Project Partnershipis just as important in the brigade's day-to-day police work as it is in the combat training exercises conducted periodically. The military policeman on street duty in Germany must deal with foreign citizens and foreign police every day. Incidents such as traffic accidents which involve both American GIs and German nationals are very common, and require close cooperation between the MPs and the German police. In the operations of the 9th CI Group, this cooperation is even closer. In order to perform efficient police work, the CI investigators must maintain continuous liaison with the police agencies of the host nations, as well as with the COL William T. McClary investigative agencies of the other Armed Forces elements May 67- Aug 68 serving in Europe, and related US government agencies. CID investigators of the 9th MP Group work closely with their local counterparts and perform joint investiga- tions in crimes in which both parties have an interest. The CI regularly provides assistance to the investigative agencies of the host nations, and also answers requests for assistance in matters ranging from identity checks of suspects, to full- time involvement in investigations in which US Forces personnel are suspect. Many of the 372 local nationals employed by the 15th MP Brigade work in the 9th Group's field offices as investigators and interpreters, assisting the CID investi- COL Herbert J. Michau gators. Other local nationals work in the area provost Aug 68-Jun 70 marshals' offices and MP stations as interpreters and secre- taries. They translate documents, act as interpreters for the MPs, and perform local liaison work. Many of the local nationals working in the brigade have been with the 15th since its inception, and some are celebrating their twenty- fifth year of employment with the US Forces this year. The

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL assistance of these local national employees, not only in units make physical security surveys of thousands of activi- Germany but in all the countries in which the 15th operates, ties, such as money-holding activities, critical item storage s. invaluable in dealing with the local police and the civilian areas, drug storage areas, and whole installations, such as sIopulation. Army depots. Four military police detachments of the Military law enforcement in the Federal Republic of brigade, the 28th, the 69th, 76th, and 167th, provide physical Germany requires good relations with the local population security for major Army depots in Germany. as well as with the local police agencies. The military Education of the public is another crime prevention policeman, constantly present on the streets of Germany, is measure carried on by the units of the 15th MP Brigade. the most visible representative of the US in Europe. As The Palatinate Area Provost Marshal's Office, for example, such, the image he projects is particularly important. prepares traffic safety and accident prevention messages SGT Frank E. Jones, a patrol supervisor with Company for the local AFN radio station. The 9th CI Group offers B, 385th, says that "Duty here is like being a stateside police seminars and programs on drug abuse for law enforcement officer. The emphasis is on presenting the finest image agencies, unit commanders, and American High Schools in possible as well as performing the military police functions Europe. Other provost marshals and unit commanders are of maintaining discipline, law, and order .. . It's just doing similarly involved in education efforts. your job and striving for good relations with the public, Statistics show that the law enforcement job is being just setting a good example while remembering all the things done well. In the Palatinate Provost Marshal Area, for that the brassard represents." example, the total complaint rate showed a 17% decrease SGT Ralph L. Byrne, Jr., of Co. A, 385th, feels the in 1969, as compared to 1968. In Augsburg, within the same way. "The Germans recognize an MP by his appear- South Bavaria Provost Marshal Area, the number of inci- ance and deportment, in or out of uniform," Byrne says, dents involving American soldiers has declined by 50 "I feel that I should set an example as an MP." percent since 1966. All the provost marshal areas in the The attitude of Sergeants Byrne and Jones is typical of 15th Brigade's area of responsibility have shown similar the MPs in Germany. The men of the 15th know that they decreases in recent years. are doing an extremely complex job and take pride in "Duty, Justice, and Loyalty" doing it well. The success of the 15th MP Brigade in fulfilling an important role in USAREUR is due as much to the men The MP in Europe of the brigade as it is to the organization. The brigade has The military policeman's job in Europe is more com- brought new flexibility and efficiency to the military police plex than that of MPs in the United States because the role in Europe, but these benefits were only realized through police responsibility in Europe is so much greater. iilitary the efforts of the men involved. In the five-year history 'The NATO Status of Forces Agreement commits the US to of the 15th, the only thing "more constant than change" supporting the German government in all law enforcement has been the continuing dedication of both commanders and matters pertaining to US troops in Germany. Because of men to the brigade motto, "Duty, Justice, and Loyalty." this, criminal and accident investigation, routine patrolling of off-post areas, vehicle registrations, and many other law ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS enforcement activities, which are normally the job of the civil police in the US are the responsibility of the military The Information Office, 15th MP Brigade, acknowledges police in Germany. the contributions of the following persons, without whose These expanded responsibilities put corresponding pres- dedicated efforts this article would not have been possible. sure on the provost marshals and on the MPs who patrol 1LT John C. Corso, Information Officer, 15th MP Brigade the streets. CW2 David L. McKinney, Det A, 9th MP Group (CI) Administrative services to the military community are CW2 Edwin Ward, Headquarters, 9th MP Group (CI) yet another function of the military police in Germany. 1SG Hubert W. Wright, 77th MP Detachment These administrative services include registration of pets, SFC O. Mascarenas, 43d MP Detachment personal firearms, and privately owned vehicles, and proc- SP5 Thomas F. Blankenship, Hqs, 42d MP Group (Customs) essing of reports on missing persons and lost items. SP5 Stephen Chartier, Hqs, 9th MP Group (CI) SP5 Russell D. Fuller, Hqs, 42d MP Group (Customs) An Emphasis on Prevention SP5 H. Philip Nesbitt, Jr., HHD, 15th MP Brigade Crime prevention, rather than investigation, is the true SP5 David Zeitchek, 554th MP Co, 385th MP Bn goal of all military police work. And the provost marshals SP4 Stephen A. Bruhn, 285th MP Co, 94th MP Bn and MP unit commanders pursue this goal in several SP4 David W. Cron, Company A, 793d MP Bn different ways. SP4 Robert M. Hagan, HHD, 15th MP Brigade The daily street patrols are the main preventive measure. SP4 Larry K. Hanson, Headquarters, 94th MP Bn These 24-hour-a-day patrols operate in all areas where there SP4 Richard T. Jurasek, Hqs, 42d MP Group (Customs) are concentrations of US troops, and are generally centered SP4 Peter P. Lanish, 537th MP Co, 94th MP Bn around problem areas which have been determined by the SP4 Tommy L. North, 536th MP Co, 793d MP Bn frequency of offenses previously committed in those areas. SP4 Barry B. Simms, Headquarters, 385th MP Bn 'Special crime prevention patrols check the security of US SP4 David A. Walters, 533d MP Co, 94th MP Bn facilities. SP4 Richard D. Wolcott, Headquarters, 793d MP Bn Physical security work is an important part of military SP4 Thomas J. Woolsey, 20th MP Detachment police operations in Germany. Each year, 15th MP Brigade PFC Alan B. Bernstein, Headquarters, 709th MP Bn

JUNE 1970 15 Above: SP4 Joseph D. Long, an 82d Airborne Division military policeman, "tickets" a car without a post regis- tration sticker during routine patrol in the 82d division area. Below: SGT Hamilton L. Broome conducts a routine check of driver's license on PFC Andy I. Cunningham of Headquarters Battery, 82d Airborne Division Artillery.

Z-r

82d Airborne Division Military Policemen Fort Bragg, North Carolina

Top middle right: SSG Youther C. Eaford tags a prisoner- of-war with an identification card during PW processing at a compound controlled by the MPs while SP4 Victor, I. Starks stands guard. The action took place during field training exercise "Cabaret Ahmed" last year. Top far right: The neon lights lining Hay and Gillespie Streets, a normal town patrol area for 82d Airborne Division MPs, are constant companion to patrolmen at night. This walk- ing patrol consists of SP4 George L. Sarver (left) and PFC Dennis A. Eck, members of the 82d Military Police Company. Lower far right: City of Fayetteville, N. C. Patrolman Neal C. Mills (left) converses with SP4 George L. Sarver during a night patrol. Lower middle right: Mem- bers of the 82d Airborne Division MP company ready themselves for an early morning inspection before going on duty in the division. SSG Roger L. Alston (right), patrol supervisor, checks notes. (US Army photos by SSG Henry L. Smith) , ACTION MAC V J15 COL Thornton L. Ireland US Army Alaska COL Cleon N. Newton SGM William H. Mayer US Army Southern Command COL Henry H. Gerecke SGM Mario N. Daffara

18 MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL MAJ John L. Mentor, MPC

If they are trying to force people to provide them with food, A lthough Mao Tse-Tung does not recommend the use they are only able to apply a limited amount of force. If of terror in low-intensity conflicts, most revolutionaries too many of the food producers are disabled or killed in have used this weapon to coerce the people and to under- the terrorist attacks, the guerrillas have eliminated their mine the government. For the purpose of this article, potential food supply. Thus, the process of terror is to terrorism is defined "as the threat or the use of violence control the people and to destroy the government. for political ends." Any criminal act may or may not be a terrorist act. It depends upon the reason for committing The Systems of Terror the criminal offense. If an individual shoots several police- There are two systems of terror: (1) enforcement terror, men because they were responsible for his arrest-the act which is used by the individuals in power, and (2) agita- is a criminal act, not a terrorist act. However, if persons tional terror, which is utilized by the insurgents.6 :onspire to kill a policeman to weaken a police force and Enforcement terror, or the regime of terror, can only to improve their own political position-it is a terrorist act. be effective in a police state. The government in power The police must not only investigate the crime, but also may find it necessary to assassinate opposition leaders or the motive for the offense, to ascertain if political overtones conduct widespread purges. Eventually, the government exist. conducts itself like an army of occupation in a foreign country.7 The enforcement terror utilized by the German The Process of Terror SS was as harsh on the German people as on the other The process of terror includes the act or threat of countries which Germany occupied. A government must violence, the emotional response of a terrorized group, and have overwhelming power to terrorize the people into 2 the social effects produced by the terror. The threat or accepting its policies. 8 act of violence causes an emotional response in the minds Agitational terror, or seige of terror, is designed to of the target group. The individuals concerned immediately destroy or overthrow the government by creating fear with become subject to fear, anxiety, and despair; particularly the use or threat of terror.9 Agitational terror, the weapon if the terrorist act influences their group. Perpetual fear of the insurgents, is the primary concern of this article. would be dysfunctional to the terrorists because it induces the target group to eventually oppose the terrorists or Discrimination in the use of Terror causes the group to become apathetic. Therefore, once the The insurgents must discriminate in their use of terror. terrorists have caused an emotional response, they must The degree of discrimination which they exercise depends provide an additional course of action for these individuals. upon the present political position of the target group and The sole option remaining for the target group must be the desired effects of the insurgents. Certain terrorist acts to assist the terrorists. The more useful a target group is will be highly indiscriminate. This is a necessary attribute to the terrorists, the greater is its release from fear. 3 The of agitational terror because, unless there is a degree of end product of the process of terrorism is that the majority indiscrimination, the terrorist activities will become pre- of the people become tools of the terrorists. 4 dictable. This response would be dysfunctional to the In order to get maximum assistance from a group, the insurgents because only those targets which are attacked terrorists must insure that the target is merely forced and become influenced by the terrorist campaign. The more not destroyed. Although part of a group can be destroyed, it is dysfunctional to destroy an entire group. As Tillich The author is a Regular Army officer with over 11 years pointed out "In this sense there is an ultimate limit to any commissioned service. Currently Chief, Management Di- application of force. That thing which is forced must pre- vision, US Army Combat Developments Command Military serve its identity. Otherwise, it is not forced but destroyed." Police Agency, he recently received his Masters of Crim- This is an important restriction placed on the guerrillas. inology degree from the University of California at Berkeley.

JUNE 1970 19 predictable the terrorist acts become, the easier it is for of providing this security, the people will orientate them- the police to defend against them.' 0 If only police chiefs selves with their city or family group. The task of the were being terrorized, the rest of the community would not terrorists will then be to destroy the solidarity of these be properly influenced by the terrorists. It would also not groups by additional acts or threats.' G take a great effort to provide security for the chiefs. The This disorientation of the target by terrorism will result police, by analyzing terrorist activities, can establish pat- in three psychological responses: fright, anxiety, and de- terns which would reveal the target of future attacks. By spair. Fright, being the lowest level of response, will selective enforcement and stake-outs, the terrorists could be produce a response which is logical and can be predicted caught red-handed. A more successful terrorist campaign with relative accuracy. Anxiety, being a higher level of would be to attack representatives of all walks of life. The response, causes the target to become disoriented, and the terrorists can be expected to claim that they will ruthlessly response would be unpredictable. However, the target is eliminate all opposition without any considerations. 1 In likely to be sufficiently pliable so that the desired response this manner, the entire population feels that it is subject can be obtained by the terrorists. Despair is an intensified to attack, and it becomes impossible for the police to provide form of anxiety. Persons suffering from despair perceive security for everyone. the threat as being insurmountable---leaving no option other In order to be successful, the terrorists must distinguish than withdrawing from the situation. These persons may between apparent indiscrimination and actual indiscrimina- leave the area, commit suicide, or become schizophrenic. tion. In general, one can say that the successful terrorist By creating fright or anxiety, the terrorists can estrange attacks should appear to be indiscriminate, but in reality the target from the government and orientate the target they should be extremely discriminate.' 2 group to their cause.17 Disorientation is particularly functional when the in Objectives of Terrorism surgents have limited political support, but where the-- There are five basic objectives of terrorism: (1) morale potential for support is high. However, if the potential for building, (2) advertising the movement, (3) disorientation support is low, terrorism would be dysfunctional because of the populace, (4) elimination of opposing forces, and the target may become closely aligned with the government. (5) provocation of countermeasures. l" If the insurgents already have a high level of support, Morale building is designed to raise the enthusiasm and terrorism will tend to turn the people away from the in- motivation of the insurgents and the neutrals. A successful surgents' structure."8 The greatest response is produced terrorist attack can give confidence to the entire insurgent when the terrorist attacks appear to be in a random pattern organization and make them a more effective force. It and are violent and unpredictable." This creates anxiety demonstrates to themselves and the uncommitted majority for every member of the society. of the people that the police cannot cope with the movement. The elimination of opposing forces is a highly dis- Terrorism advertises the movement to a vast audience. criminate activity. This does not mean that persons inconse- It reminds the people of the weakness of the government quential to the movement should not be killed, but their and calls attention to the insurgents' ideology. It is im- removal from the situation will not weaken the opposition. possible to be indifferent following a terrorist act. Indi- Some of the opponents of the terrorists will have to be viduals who had previously not known of the insurgent killed or incapacitated, while others can be eliminated by activity, now find themselves discussing the movement and demoralization which causes them to become ineffective. taking sides in the conflict. They realize that the revolution When a policeman observes that other policemen who are 14 is on the move and that the government is vulnerable. combating the insurgents are becoming victims of terrorist If the insurgents' ideology seems just, a great many converts attacks, he may decide to overlook terrorists' activities. The can be won to their cause. The insurgents may also gain death of a few policemen or their families can result in support from foreign countries which consider the over- neutralizing an entire police force. Police supervisors must throw of the present government to be to their advantage. analyze police statistics and reports to insure that the police- A few successful terrorist acts can do much more for the men are not overlooking subversive elements. A drastic movement than a million pamphlets or speeches.'" reduction in incidents relating to the insurgents' activities Disorientation of the target group is the most important could indicate a failure of the police to enforce law detri- objective of the insurgents. The terrorists' acts remove the mental to the insurgents. orderliness which is necessary for a normal and happy In eliminating opposing forces, the insurgents shoula life. A primary responsibility of any government is to select low-ranking officials as their targets. These officials guarantee protection for its citizens and their property. would include policemen, firemen, government administra- Once the terrorists prove that the government is not capable tors, and teachers, who work closely with the people. The

20 MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL deaths of high-ranking officials serve little purpose, as to the disoriented people, they would view the insurgents they are not close enough to the people to achieve the as a tower of strength in a confusing environment. Further 20 desired response. If the terrorists murder an inefficient blind terrorism could reverse this orientation once more. and corrupt official, the people will be thankful to the When the insurgents' leaders realize that a reversal is insurgents, but the official might have caused the govern- occurring, they may limit the use of terror only to find that ment more harm by being allowed to continue in his job. the population believes the insurgent movement has become A tremendous amount of animosity develops towards a weak.25 government when its officials are functioning poorly. The Acts of selective terrorism by the terrorists which appear elimination of opposing forces is a gamble, as Mao Tse-Tung to be enforcement terror can be received favorably in the pointed out: "It may so enrage a 'decaying' civil and later stages of the insurgency. The insurgents must propa- military service of an incumbent government that an other- gandize the masses into believing that the terrorist act wise ineffective and lethargic regime may be catalyzed into signifies strength rather than weakness; otherwise, it will 21 an efficient counterinsurgency force." indicate an irrational, desperate effort to rally a lost cause. Terrorism in provoking countermeasures places a great Thus, terror can be considered characteristic of the burden on the police. In order to prevent additional ter- first phase of revolutionary warfare, but should not be rorism, the government may have to put strict restrictions characteristic of the subsequent phases, which are dominated on the people. If the general population was previously by conventional-type warfare. 2 6 alienated to the government, countermeasures would prob- ably increase the hostility. However, if the population is FOOTNOTES in opposition to the insurgents, police countermeasures 1. Crozier, Brian, The Rebels, Boston: Beacon Press, 1960, p. 159. nay not be dysfunctional. The effect of countermeasures 2. Walter, E. V., "Violence and the Process of Terror," The Ameri- can Sociological Review, XXIX, April 1964, -- s 22 p. 248. dependent on the popular mind. If the police can 3. Chisholm, Henry J., "The Function of Terror and Violence in convince the people that the restrictions are necessary Revolution" (Unpublished dissertation, Graduate School of because of the terrorist activities, then they could work to Georgetown University, Washington, D. C.) 1948, p. 27. the government's advantage. Nevertheless, restrictions will 4. Ibid., p. 28. 5. Tillich, develop frustrations which result in human aggression. 23 Paul, Love, Power and Justice, New York: New York Galaxie Books, 1961, p. 46. The intensity of the aggression will depend on three major 6. Thornton, Thomas P., "Terror as a Weapon of Political Agita- factors: (1) the strength of the drive being frustrated, tion," Internal War, ed. Harry Eckstein, London: The Free Press (2) the degree of interference, and (3) the length of time of Glencoe, Collier-Macmillan, Ltd., 1964, Art. III, p. 72. the person is frustrated. Increased interference can cause 7. Black, Cyril E., Communism and Revolution, ed. Thomas P. Thornton, Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, increased hostility-and the longer it is contained, the more 1964, p. 6. 24 8. Esson, D. M. R., "The Secret Weapon: Terrorism," Army Quar- violent it will be once it is released. The police must con- terly, 78, July 1959, p. 179. sider these factors in implementing and publicizing their 9. Walter, op. cit., p. 249. countermeasures. Police behavior and explanations in 10. Thornton, op. cit., p. 81, carrying out restrictions will largely determine whether 11. Chisholm, op. cit., p. 19. 12. Thornton, op. cit., pp. 81-82. the government or the terrorists benefit from this situation. 13. Ibid., pp. 81-84. 14. Debray, Regis, Revolution in the Revolution?, trans. Bobbye Dysfunctions of Terrorism Ortiz, New York: Grove Press, Inc., 1967, p. 53. From the foregoing discussion it can be seen that 15. Thornton, op. cit., pp. 82-84. terrorism is a dangerous weapon, not only for the target 16. Chisholm, op. cit., p. 19. 17. Thornton, op. cit., p. 80. group, but for the terrorists themselves. Being the weaker 18. Ibid., p. 74. of the two adversaries, the insurgents' entire effort is to 19. Ibid., p. 84. win the hearts and minds of the people. To use Mao's 20. Galuda, David, Counter-Insurgency Warfare: Theory and Prac- analogy-the guerrilla depends upon the population in the tice, New York, Frederick A. Praeger, 1964, p. 59. same manner that the fish depend upon water. Like the 21. Pustay, John S., Counterinsurgency Warfare, New York: The Free Press, 1965, p. 67. fish without water, the guerrilla movement would dry up 22. Thornton, op. cit., p. 87. without the support of the population. It is questionable 23. McNeil, Elton B., The Nature of Human Conflict, Englewood whether terrorism can gain enduring support necessary for Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1965, p. 28. .a protracted war. Extensive terrorism in the initial phase 24. Sanders, Ralph, "The Human Dimension of Insurgency," Mili- of the insurgency can serve a functional purpose, but it tary Review, XLIV, April 1964, p. 43. 25. becomes dysfunctional if utilized in the later stages. Aaron, Harold R., "The Anatomy of Guerrilla Terror," Infantry, Once 58, March-April 1967, p. 17. the insurgents' cause has been accepted as being worthy 26. Thornton, op. cit., p. 91.

JUNE 1970 21 ROUNDUP SPECIAL

The raising of the Pennsylvania State flag signals the start of the Police Open House. Saluting the flag are SP4 Richard Lancaster, 233d MP Det, Carlisle Barracks, Pa., and CPL Ronald Sharpe of the Pennsylvania State Police. Carlisle MPs Display Exhibit at Open House

The Theta Chi Club and the divisions of Public and Police Administration at Harrisburg Area Community College, Pa., recent' sponsored a Police Open House. One of the main attractions of th../ open house was the exhibits displayed by the 233d MP Detachment, Carlisle Barracks, Pa. The 233d's chief display featured six paintings depicting uniforms worn by military policemen from 1778 to the present-Revolutionary War (1778), Civil War (1863), World War I (1917), World War II Clockwise from bottom right: MAJ Richard A. Mosco, repre- (1942), Korea (1950) and Vietnam (1970). The oil paintings are sentative of MG Karl W. Gustafson, TPMG, at the police open house, the work of SP4 R. Douglas Brough, a former MP who is serving as and SP4 Larry Farmer, 233d MP Det, discuss the side-arm worn by Illustrator for the Journal. the WWI MP. SP4 Richard Lancaster, 233d MP Det, explains the The 233d's exhibits also included two picture displays. One physical skills taught MPs to 14-year-old Gordon Smith. SP4 Larry showed the various duties and aspects of the life of an MP. The Farmer explains the evolution of the MP uniform to a guest at the other display described the US Army Correctional Training Facility open house. Trooper Leon Krebs, Pennsylvania State Police, demon- at Ft Riley, Ks. strates the use of the "Ident-I-Kit" in making a composite picture Also participating in the open house were elements of the Pennsyl- of a suspect to Judy Ripson, a Harrisburg college student. vania State Police and local police departments and organizations. USAMPS Visual Tracker Honored for Valor in RVN SP4 Willard Bailey, a visual tracker assigned to the Department shrapnel from a mortar round hospitalized him for the second time. of Specialized Training, US Army Military Police School, Ft Gordon, But mortar rounds spare no targets, hospital or not. While recuper- Ga., was the recent recipient of six military decorations, including ation from his second wound, the hospital was attacked, and Spe- the US Army's highest award for heroism not involving actual battle. cialist Bailey was again hit by mortar fragments. From June to In recognition of his outstanding service in combat in the Republic October, he spent 82 days in the hospital. From Vietnam, the Army of Vietnam from January 1969 to August 1969, Specialist Bailey was transferred him to Camp Drake, Japan, for further hospitalization, awarded the Soldier's Medal, the Air Medal, the Army Commendation and then finally back to the United States. Medal for Valor and the Purple Heart with two Oak Leaf Clusters. Entering the Army in August 1968, Specialist Bailey was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) in Vietnam. In April 1969 while on patrol in Binh Long Province, his unit encountered an enemy bunker complex. Three wounded men, including his platoon leader, were pinned down by enemy fire. Specialist Bailey crawled 25 meters to the wounded men and provided cover fire in an exposed position until he ran out of ammunition. The trapped men waited until dark. Then, the specialist directed covering mortar fire while he, the unit's commanding officer and first sergeant carried the vounded men back to safety. For his personal bravery, Specialist -Bailey was awarded the Army Commendation Medal for Valor. In June, he was wounded in a mine explosion while in the lead squad on patrol. After recuperating in the hospital, he returned to the field for 13 days. While securing a landing zone for evacuation, Specialist Bailey observed a helicopter plunge to the ground and burst into flames. With complete disregard for his own personal safety, Specialist Bailey ran to the burning helicopter and rescued the four occupants. For his heroic actions, Specialist Bailey received the Soldier's Medal. He was due for R and R when, only 13 days after his first injury, MAJ Gordon N. Moody Promoted

MG John C. F. Tillson, III, Commanding General, Ft Gordon, Ga., presents the Soldier's Medal, Air Medal, Army Commendation Medal and Purple Heart with two Oak Leaf Clusters to SP4 Willard Bailey, a visual tracker assigned to the Department of Specialized Training, US Army Military Police School, in recognition of his outstanding service in the Republic of Vietnam from January through August 1969. LTC Billmyer Honored Upon Retirement LTC Carroll D. Billmyer, former Commanding Officer, 4th MP Group (CI), Ft Sam Houston, Tx., recently retired from the US Army after more than 28 years active commissioned service. Colonel Billmyer was awarded the Legion of Merit-for his outstanding meri- torious service as 4th MP Group Commanding Officer-in retirement ceremonies at Headquarters, Fourth US Army. Colonel Billmyer was commissioned a second lieutenant in 1941. Since that time he has held every command assignment available, from platoon leader to company, battalion and group commander. He is a graduate of the US Army Command and General Staff College, the MP Officer Advanced Course of the US Army Military BG Harley L. Moore (right), Provost Marshal, USAREUR and Police School, and the US Army Infantry School, Ft Benning, Ga. Seventh US Army, congratulates LTC Gordon N. Moody, Executive Colonel Billmyer has also served as Provost Marshal, Seoul Area Officer, 42d MP Gp (Customs), Heidelberg, Germany, on the Command, Korea; Commanding Officer, 385th MP Battalion, Ger- occasion of his promotion. many; and Deputy Provost Marshal, Seventh US Army.

JUNE 1970 728th MP Bn Sergeant Major Promoted 110th MP Cited for "Extra Duty" Effort SP4 Les Morgenstein, an MP assigned to the 110th MP Platoon, recently heard the call to duty far from his duty assignment at VII Corps Headquarters, Kelley Barracks, Stuttgart, Germany. He w returning from leave in New York, when, settled comfortably in hi seat, he heard a loud commotion coming from the rear of the plane. At the back of the plane, an arrogant, intoxicated man was stum- bling around and arguing with a stewardess. Specialist Morgenstein rushed to the stewardess who was trying unsuccessfully to calm the man. Introducing himself as a military policeman, Specialist Morgen- stein offered his assistance and quietly tried to calm the unwilling man. After being seated, the man announced that he was going to the men's room. Instead, he started down the aisle toward the cockpit, mumbling that he wanted the airplane to turn around and go back to New York. Specialist Morgenstein raced to the fellow and pushed him into the nearest empty seat. He then summoned the captain. The captain instructed the MP to control the man as best he could. The German police were waiting to take custody of the offender upon the plane's arrival at Frankfurt. The airlines officially commended Specialist Morgenstein and BG George P. Holm (left), Commanding General, Eighth FAS- presented him with a Letter of Appreciation, citing him for helping COM, and LTC Frank D. Turner, Commanding Officer, 728th MP Bn, to quell a disturbance and prevent panic. Specialist Morgenstein present the insignia of command sergeant major to recently promoted plans to join the New York Police Department upon termination of CSM Edward W. Jones, 728th Sergeant Major. his active military service. 551st MP Security Investigator CDCMPA Cited for MPA Awarded ARCOM for Achievement Outstanding Membership SGT David H. Hansen, a physical security Left: MG Karl W. Gustafson, The Provost investigator assigned to the 551st MP Com- Marshal General and Honorary President of pany, Ft Polk, La., was recently awarded the the Military Police Association, presents the Army Commendation Medal for meritorious MPA Certificate of Outstanding Membership achievement in apprehending four escapees Participation to COL Nicholas D. Rudziak, from the Ft Polk stockade. then Commanding Officer, US Army CDC "I was driving home for lunch," recalled Military Police Agency, Ft Gordon, Ga., rec- Sergeant Hansen. "As I came to the railroad ognizing that activity's 100%o membership in tracks near Leesville, I saw four men in the MPA. fatigues walking in the woods along the tracks. At first I thought they were railroad workers, but then I remembered that four men had Two 895th MP Co MPs escaped from the stockade that morning." Turning around in the road, Sergeant Han- Receive Soldier's Medals sen met the men as they emerged from the SP4 Arnold A. Cecchini and SP4 Patrick 529th woods. Unarmed and in civilian clothing, he MP Company Staff Sergeant Huff, both assigned to the 895th MP Co, 96th placed the men under arrest after determining Promoted to Sergeant First Class MP Bn, 1st MP Gp, Ft Buckner, Okinawa, that these were, in fact, the escapees. The were recently awarded Soldier's Medals for men were unarmed except for one wrench. SSG William A. Sweeney, Platoon Sergeant their heroism not involving conflict with an Sergeant Hansen took the prisoners to a and Training NCO, 529th MP Co, Heidelberg, enemy, by MG Robert B. Smith, Deputy building off the road and called the Leesville Germany, was recently promoted to Sergeant Commanding General, US Army, Ryukyu police, who arrived shortly to take custody of First Class. Sergeant Sweeney has served Islands. The two military policemen distin- the men. overseas tours of duty in Korea, Japan, Thai- guished themselves by their heroic acts in land, Vietnam and three tours in Germany. October 1969 when they rescued three Oki- 2LT Michael L. King Named His military decorations include the Good nawans who were trapped by fire in the MPOB Distinguished Graduate Conduct Medal with three Oak Leaf Clusters, Tokumura Maternity Hospital in Futenma. National Defense Service Medal, Korean Serv- The MPs were on a routine post patrol ice Medal, United Nations Service Medal and when they were alerted that a fire had been Vietnamese Service Medal. discovered at the off-base hospital, just outside the Futenma military housing area. The MPs rushed to the burning building and, with complete disregard for their own personal safety, the two men began a thorough search of the building until intense heat and heavy smoke forced them outside. After a few mo- ments of fresh air, the MPs re-entered at great personal risk to continue the search. Specialists Cecchini and Huff found three people on the second floor, semi-conscious from smoke inhalation. They carried one of the injured persons to safety and summoned 2LT Michael L. King receives the Associa- additional assistance from another patrol to tion of the US Army Plaque for having been rescue the others. The pair then continued named the Distinguished Graduate of Military SFC William A. Sweeney (left), Platoon their search until they were certain the build, Police Officer Basic Course Class #4 at the Sergeant and Training NCO, 529th MP Co, ing was empty . US Army Military Police School, Ft Gordon, Heidelberg, Germany, receives his new E7 Specialists Cecchini and Huff were cited Ga. Mr. William J. Ellis, Vice-President of the stripes and congratulationsfrom CPT Allan L. for bravery, under dangerous circumstances Third AUSA Region, makes the presentation. Hensley, 529th Commanding Officer. which resulted in preventing the loss of life.

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL 5th MP Group (CO) Adopts New Crest USAMPS Property Book Officer Cited for Service

COL Jode R. Wilson, Commanding Officer, 5th MP Group (CI), MG John C. F. Tillson, III, Commanding General, Ft Gordon, Ft Sheridan, Il., and SGM Ronald McLellan, Group Sergeant Major, Ga., presents a special service award to Mr. William S. Bonish, US examine the new crest for the 5th MP Group. Army Military Police School Property Book Officer. 15th MP Brigade MP Sa ves Drowning German Boy CPT Louis T. House Earns ARCOM A young German boy's walk home from Sergeant Sanders was strolling along the school ended in near tragedy in Wuerzburg, bank of the River Main in Wuerzburg when Germany, recently. Only the quick action of he observed a person struggling in the water an off-duty MP, SGT Jesse R. Sanders, 34th near the bank. The 10-year-old boy had MP Det, 15th MP Bde, averted what might apparently fallen into the river while playing have been a tragedy. with one of his friends. "I could tell he was in trouble. He was trying to yell, but he kept ISG Anderson Receives ARCOM getting a mouthful of water," stated Sergeant Sanders. Sergeant Sanders ran to a nearby flight of steps and lowered himself into the river and rescued the drowning boy. When he pulled the boy out of the water, Sergeant Sanders found him to be frightened and soaked, but all right. However, he took the boy to the MP station. From there the boy was taken to the hospital for examination where he was pro- nounced in good condition. Sergeant Sanders has been recommended LTC Russell E. Parmenter (right), Provost 1SG James P. Anderson, former First Ser- for the German Rettungsedaille or "medal for Marshal, Berlin Brigade, Germany, presents geant of the 57th MP Co, USMA, West Point, saving" (a life), which is awarded by the the Army Commendation Medal to CPT Louis N. Y., was recently awarded the Army Com- German government for such acts. He has W. House for his outstanding meritorious mendation Medal by CPT Wendell J. Duncan, also been recommended for a Letter of Com- service as Confinement Officer and Operations Company Commander. First Sergeant Ander- mendation for his quick action and presence Officer, Provost Marshal Division, Berlin son has been reassigned to USAREUR. of mind in rescuing the river's young victim. Brigade. 30th MP Battalion Military Policemen Form Honor Guard for Sixth Army Chief of Staff

Military policemen from the 30th MP Battalion, Presidio of San Francisco, Ca., form an honor guard, welcoming the new Sixth US Army Chief of Staff, MG 0. A. Leahy, to the Presidio.

JUNE 1970 Airborne Ft Bragg PM Makes 100th Jump COL Robert J. Kriwanek, Provost Marshal, XVIII Airborne Corps and Ft Bragg, N. C., recently made his 100th parachute jump on St. Mere Eglise Drop Zone at Ft Bragg. A veteran of 58 months on parachute status, Colonel Kriwanek began this phase of his career in July 1956 when he attended the 82d Airborne Division Jump School while assigned to Headquarters, XVIII Airborne Corps as Assistant Provost Marshal. Colonel Kriwanek left Ft Bragg in October 1957, and then resumed his jumping when he was assigned to the 8th Inf Div as Provost Marshal. During his assignment in Germany, Colonel Kriwanek earned both his Senior and Master Parachutist ratings. Accompanying Colonel Kriwanek on his 100th jump were LTC Charles F. Kraak, Provost Marshal, 82d Airborne Div; MAJ Charles L. Whitehead, 82d Deputy Provost Marshal; LTC William T. Tinsley, John F. Kennedy Center for Military Assistance; MAJ Joe W. Parson, MAJ William D. Reidy and MAJ Marlyon G. McNabb, XVIII Airborne Corps Provost Marshal Staff; and CPT James L. Clement, CO, 118th MP Co. CPT Dale R. Price of the XVIII Airborne Corps Provost Marshal Staff served as jump- master, making the entire lift an MP affair. Left: COL Robert J. Kriwanek, Provost Marshal, XVIII Airborne Corps and Ft Bragg, N. C., receives a memento of his 100th parachute jump from LTC William T. Tinsley, John F. Kennedy Center for Military Assistance. Army Military Policeman Earns Colonel Walker Retires Air Force Commendation Medal After 20 Years SFC James L. Finley, 241st MP Det, Fitz- Service simons General Hospital, Denver, Co., was LTC Leonard O. Walker, former Deputy recently awarded the Air Force Commendation Provost Marshal, Fifth US Army Hqs, Ft Medal in recognition of his outstanding meri- Sheridan, II., recently retired from the US torious service while assigned as Assistant Army after twenty years active federal service. Ground Liaison Officer with the 50th Tactical In retirement ceremonies at Ft Sheridan, LTG Fighter Wing, Hahn Air Base, Germany, dur- V. P. Mock, Commanding General, Fifth US ing the period July 1968 to July 1969. "Ser- Army, presented Colonel Walker with the geant Finley's devotion to duty, leadership, Legion of Merit, citing him for his outstand- organizational ability and dependability served ing meritorious service as Deputy Provost to insure that each of his missions were accom- Marshal from January 1968 to March 1970. plished in a timely and outstanding manner. SFC Dean Receives Air Medal 342d MP Company Reservists Earn Superior Unit Certificate SFC James L. Finley 728th MP Bn Reorganized The 728th MP Battalion, commanded by LTC Frank D. Turner, Jr., was reorganized 1 April 1970 under the Korea Support Com- mand (KORSCOM). The battalion consists of Companies A, B, and C, 820th MP Detach- ment, 2d MP Detachment (CI) and 7th MP Detachment (CI). The 728th was first activated in January 1942 at Detroit, Mi. Its primary mission was to train troops for combat duty and to protect industries in Detroit which were engaged in the production of war products. In September 1950, the battalion was alerted for overseas movement and, in Novem- ber, landed in Pusan, Korea. Headquartered in Seoul, its mission was to provide traffic MAJ Don A. Carlisle (right), Commanding control and PW escort. Officer, 535th MP Battalion, Ft Hayes, Oh., In September 1952, the 728th MP Battalion presents a Superior Unit Certificate to CPT was presented its first Meritorious Unit Com- Rex F. Keiffer, Jr., Commanding Officer, 342d mendation for outstanding service from 1 MP Company, Zanesville, Oh. Captain Keiffer December 1950 to 31 July 1952. accepted the certificate on behalf of his re- In April 1953, the 728th provided an honor serve unit which received the overall superior guard for the signing of the truce at Pan- SFC Thomas J. Dean, Test and Development rating for the training year 1968-69. Thirteen munjom, Korea. NCO, Evaluations Division, US Army Military superior ratings were awarded in the q.3d US The battalion was awarded its second Meri- Police School, Ft Gordon, Ga., is presented Army Reserve Command which includes the torious Unit Commendation for its outstand- the Air Medal for his meritorious achievemen state of Ohio and parts of West Virginia and ing service in Korea from 11 July 1952 to 1 while participatingin aerial flights in Vietnarn-/ Kentucky. Of those 13, three superior ratings October 1953. from September 1966 to June 1968. COL were awarded to units of the 535th MP The battalion carries a proud record, living Harold I. Pitchford, USAMPS Director of Battalion. up to the 720th's motto-"In Peace as in War." Resident Instruction, made the presentation.

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL 561st MP Commended for Courageous Actions An MP assigned to the 561st MP Co, Ft lyer, Va., PFC David L. Beyer, was recently commended for his courageous actions while disarming an armed bandit, thus foiling a holdup attempt and subduing the felon. Private Beyer was off-duty, working in a local restaurant, .when the bandit entered the establishment through a rear door and dis- armed a uniformed policeman. The police officer grappled with the would-be robber and Private Beyer immediately went to the aid of the fighting lawman. Working together, the civilian policeman and the MP were suc- cessful in recovering the weapon and hand- cuffing their adversary. William L. Durrer, Chief of the Fairfax County, Va., Police Department, presented a Letter of Commendation to Private Beyer, citing him for his courage, civic interest and devotion to law and order. Chief Durrer com- mented, "Your prompt and proper action resulted in the prevention of a crime and the arrest of a dangerous criminal and saved one of our officers from death or serious injury." William L. Durrer, Chief of the Fairfax County, Va., Police Department, presents a Letter of Commendation to PFC David L. Beyer, a member of the 561st MP Co, Ft Myer, Va. USARJ Provost Marshal Earns Pictured from left to right are Chief Durrer, 1SG Tanner D. Knox, 561st First Sergeant, Army Commendation Medal Officer Peter Bonovita (who Private Beyer aided), Private Beyer and CPT Ralph P. Conlin, Right: COL Galen C. Morey, Director, Commanding Officer of the 561st MP Co. Directorate of Support Services, US Army Warrant Officer Elected Japan, presents the Army Commendation 4th MP Det Medal to MAJ Loyal G. Evans, Jr., Provost Official in Peace Officers Group Marshal, USARJ. Major Evans was cited for CW2 Romeo Garcia, Operations Officer, his untiring efforts expended in support of Det D, 4th MP Gp (CI), Ft Sam Houston, the US Army Correctional Training Facility, Tx., was recently installed as Secretary/ 't Riley, Ks., from June 1968 to August 1969. Treasurer of the Guadalupe Valley Peace Officers Association. Warrant Officer Garcia's 12th MP Gp professionalism and aggressive efforts in liaison resulted in his election by acclamation. Warrant Officer Promoted This marked the first time in the history of CW4 Louis E. Brown, Officer-in-Charge, the 16-year-old organization that an active Det A, 12th MP Gp (CI), Aberdeen Proving duty member of the Armed Forces has been Ground, Md., was recently promoted to his selected as an officer in the organization. present rank by COL Julien H. LePage, First Additionally, Mr. Garcia is a member of US Army Provost Marshal, and COL Jasper the Dos Lados Peace Officers Association, C. Vance, Commanding Officer, 12th MP Gp comprised of law enforcement officials from (CI), Ft George G. Meade, Md. both sides of the Mexican border. 272d MP Company NCO Awarded ARCOM 40th MP Bn Criminal Investigator Cited for Service

The late CPT Carroll W. Spragins (right), then Commanding LTC Thomas N. Jones, Commanding Officer, 40th MP Battalion, Officer, 272d MP Co, Nha Trang, Vietnam, presents the Army Korat, Thailand, presents a Sustained Superior Performance Award Commendation Medal to SFC Marshall E. Oglesby for his meritorious to Mr. Preecha Sinarpha, a Thai criminal investigator assigned to service while stationed at Ft Eustis, Va. the 40th MP Battalion.

JUNE 1970 MP's "Operation Overtake" Hurts Black Market VETNAM Employing night convoys, helicopters, ar- to unescorted free-flow traffic from Long mored personnel carriers, static posts and spot Binh to the supply depots. For the free-flow checks, military policemen in the Long Binh- phase, the MPs utilize a light observation Saigon area are attempting to catch black helicopter which scans the area, searching for marketeers at their source. MPs of the 720th hiding sites and hijackers. and 95th MP Battalions have joined forces to Static posts and spot checks along the road observe and police the supply pipeline between provide observation and surprise to dry up the Long Binh and Saigon. "Operation Overtake" sources for black marketeers. The patrols escorts and observes military and civilian- prevent truckers from leaving authorized contract supply vehicles along the main III routes of travel. A few truckers try to reach Corps Tactical Zone artery, Highway 316. the villages and sell their goods, but by Instituted three years ago, "Operation Over- making themselves seen, the MPs help to take" is a 24-hour-a-day mission to keep an stop the threat of runaway trucks. eye on supplies. Military policemen escort cargo during the cool, dark Vietnamese nights. The MPs also spot check vehicles for During the daylight hours, it is difficult to contraband which might be hidden in the keep convoys together, so the MPs take ad- truck cabs and insure that none of the cargo has been removed or opened. The vantage of the dusk-to-dawn curfew. Thus, only way they avoid the heavy daytime traffic. The to curb this practice is to make periodic MPs are attentive to any vehicle which strays checks. away from the convoy or any other extraordi- A single truckload of US cargo could be nary activity. They escort an average of 350 worth as much as $10,000 to the government. to 500 vehicles per night. This value doubles when the goods are sold Each morning the mission of "Operation on the black market, making the trucks Overtake" changes from formal convoy escort valuable targets for hijackers. ROUND UP USAHAC PMO Employs Vietnamese Civilian Guard Force Guarding the more than 120 US military The guard force is organized along military and Free - World Forces' facilities in the lires with a battalion commander, assistant greater Saigon area is an awesome task; one battalion commander and four company which the Vietnamese civilian guard force, commanders. working under the direction of the US Army Each guard is well-trained for his job. Headquarters Area Command Provost Mar- Before being assigned to the force, each shal's Office, has undertaken. The Vietna- guard trains with the Saigon Municipal Police mese guard force has relieved many US MPs Department, learning basic police techniques. from this task, thus allowing them to be more Then, after being assigned to the force, the effectively deployed elsewhere. guard works with an experienced guard until According to MSG Clarence E. Van Nest, all phases of the task are understood. NCOIC of the Physical Security Section at Many improvements have been made in the the USAHAC Provost Marshal's Office, the guard force since its inception in June 1966. force presently numbers 576, all of which are The force recently adopted gray uniforms used to cover more than 200 posts throughout and black berets, but-as yet-does not have USAHAC's area of responsibility. Included a unit insignia. Nguyen Quang Tu, Company D, Civilian in that number are 142 female guards whose Regardless of future improvements, the Guard Battalion, stands guard at his post main function is to search the many local Vietnamese guard force will, no doubt con- outside the North Pole Bachelor Enlisted national females who are employed at US tinue its important job in the bustling capital Quarters in Cholon. installations. city. ARVN MP Officers Awarded US Army Commendation Medals Award ceremonies, with their presentation of various medals to Military Security Service; and LTC Daniel R. Holt, Commanding departing personnel for their meritorious or distinguished service, Officer, 716th MP Bn. are a common occurrence at US Army Headquarters Area Command, Vietnam, but in almost every instance the recipients are US service- men. However, in a ceremony held recently, COL Hervey E. Keator, USAHAC Provost Marshal, presented the US Army Commendation Medal to four Vietnamese Army officers. Receiving the medals for their efforts in support of the USAHAC Provost Marshal, and various military police operations conducted in Saigon, were MAJ Tran Khac Chieu, Commanding Officer, 6th Quan Canh Bn (Vietnamese MP); MAJ Nguyen Xuan The, Chief, Military Security Service, MACV/Saigon; CPT Nghiem Xuan Lanh, Commanding Officer, Combined Saigon MP Operations Center; and ILT Nguyen Huu Thoi, Chief of Investigations, Military Security Service, MACV/Saigon. According to MAJ Ronald H. Sperber, Operations Officer, USA- HAC Provost Marshal's Office, Major The and Lieutenant Thoi were instrumental in helping to acquire clearances for the local nationals employed by the many US government installations in Saigon, while Major Chieu and Captain Lanh provided excellent support in the various combined MP operations. Other distinguished guests who attended the ceremony were COL Hervey E. Keator, Provost Marshal, US Army Headquarters u Mr. Trang Si Tan, Chief of the Saigon Municipal Police Department; Area Command, Vietnam, congratulates MAJ Tran Khac Chieu, LTC Tran Van Kha, representing the Vietnamese Provost Marshal Commanding Officer, 6th Quan Canh Bn, after presenting him with General; LTC Phan Tai Diet, Chief of the Saigon Military District, the Army Commendation Medal.

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL 720th MP Bn MP Patrol 560th's Military Policemen Help Quench Fire, Build Bridge Assists in EOD Mission The radio of a 720th MP Bn patrol jeep -rackled and an urgent call for an Explosive Ordnance Disposal team was heard. The MPs turned their jeep around and hurried to the location of the suspected mine. Arriving at the scene, the MPs and the 11th Armored Cavalry unit worked to clear the area of vehicles and bystanders and then cordoned it off. When the EOD team arrived, SSG Alonzo Wilson, one of the team members, delicately edged the dirt from around the mine and discovered a dirty green can, 14 inches wide and 8 inches high. It contained about 25 pounds of explosive material. While the scorch- ing sun created rivers of sweat on his back, Sergeant Wilson unscrewed three aluminum caps from the top of the mine. Then, slowly, he removed the three slender fuses that lay exposed, thus disarming the mine. Later, after a detailed inspection, Sergeant MPs from the 560th MP Co, fire department personnel and engineers examine damage Wilson commented, "This is really a big to a bridge destroyed in a gas pipeline explosion between An Khe and Qui Nhon. find. Only one other like it has been found. It is supposedly of local make, but the con- A gas pipeline exploded recently, destroying fire and engineer support. Work operations struction is really too good for a local job." a concrete bridge on national highway QL-19 were hurried in order to get the two MP- SP4 Daniel E. Lundy, a 1st Cavalry Div and trapping two truck convoys in the An escorted convoys moving before being attacked (Airmobile) MP, also noted the mine's work- Khe Pass between An Khe and Qui Nhon. by enemy fire in An Khe Pass. manship, pointing out that the riveting on As flames from the pipeline spread over the Within two hours the MPs, fire department the handles of the mine and the welds of area, the bridge buckled and fell into a dry personnel and engineers had control of traffic the bottom were flawless. stream bed. Traffic along the busy central and the fire, and had built a temporary by- The quick reaction of the EOD team and highland's highway was stopped. pass which allowed military and civilian traf- the MPs prevented what might have been a MPs from the 560th MP Co raced to the fic to flow smoothly. catastrophe. scene, cordoning off the area and coordinating ARVN and Thai MPs Combine 95th Military Police Battalion Adds Three Units Efforts with American MPs Military policemen from the 18th MP Bde Headquarters and Headquarters Det, 131st With the addition of these companies, the 95th and 9th Infantry Div, and Vietnamese and MP Bn, was activated at Ft Riley, Ks., in became the largest battalion in the 89th Thai MPs, have joined forces to handle November 1965. The unit was redesignated MP Gp. wartime law enforcement which requires com- Headquarters and Headquarters Det, 95th MP bined police operations. MPs from the 18th Bn, in January 1966, and was alerted for MP Bde have teamed with Vietnamese MPs overseas movement and assignment to Head- (QC) at My Tho, 9th Infantry Div MPs at quarters, USARPAC. The battalion arrived Tan An, and Thai MPs at Bear Cat to cover at Vung Tau, Vietnam, in April 1966 and enforcement and traffic accident investigations. was assigned to the 89th MP Gp. At My Tho, MPs ride in a QC V-100 which The 514th MP Pit and the 91st MP Det patrols within the Dinh Tuong province in (Stockade) were attached to the 95th for the northern Delta region. US MPs help rations, quarters, administration and military QCs with traffic problems involving US justice. A short time later the 560th MP Co personnel. The V-100 patrol also scans roads and the 148th MP Plt were assigned to the for mines along the heavily traveled market battalion. Co D, 52d Inf, and Co D, 87th Inf routes. Employing terrorist tactics, the Viet were added to the 95th to increase the bat- Cong, who are determined to close the roads talion's ability to provide security to sensitive from the rice-growing Mekong Delta to the sites throughout the III Corps Tactical Zone. markets of Saigon, have been denied success In February 1969, an unknown sized force by the employment of these combined V-100 of NVA attacked the southern perimeter of patrols. Long Binh Post. Acting in response to the In the III Corps area at Tan An, 18th MP need, MPs who were on normal patrol aided Bde MPs share a jeep patrol with MPs from in the successful defense of the post. the 3d Bde, 9th Infantry Div. SP4 Donald In November 1969, after nearly three years Isaacson, an MP assigned to the 300th MP of active duty in Vietnam with the 95th, Co commented, "Before the combined MP Co D, 87th Inf, was deactivated. Co D had patrol was used, we would sometimes lose provided physical security for the Codigo valuable time investigating an accident or ammunition discharge site which supplies 95th MP Battalion Crest helping a GI because the situation called for ammunition for the III Corps Tactical Zone. a division MP. Now, that problem is solved." In February 1970, Headquarters and Head- The 95th MP Bn crest is a gold metal and South of Long Binh, MPs at Bear Cat work quarters Det of the 92d MP Bn was deactivated. enameled device consisting of a green enamel, closely with the Thai MPs. Thai desk ser- Leaving all the units of that headquarters four-pointed star surmounted by two gold geants speak English, Vietnamese and Thai, with their respective missions, the 95th MP clamps with a diagonal cross. The crossed enabling them to handle all the different Bn assumed command of three new com- clamps designate a restricting or restraining people brought to the station. Thai MPs help panies-the 300th MP Co, the 458th Trans- force and the star for guidance symbolizes patrol the base camp area and also assist with portation Co (PBR) and Co C, 87th Inf. the mission of the 95th. convoy escort duties.

JUNE 1970 Senior Military Police Board Holds Meeting at Fort Gordon The Senior Military Police Board, under the sponsorship and leadership of MG Karl W. Gustafson, The Provost Marshal General, Department of the Army, recently held its quarterly meeting at Ft Gordon, Ga. The objective of the Senior Military Police Board is to develop and coordinate goals for the Military Police Corps as an element of the Combined Arms Team of the US Army and to integrate the total effort in the attainment of such goals on a unified and coordinated basis. Members of the Board include the USCONARC Provost Marshal, the Commandant of the US Army Military Police School the Chief, MP Branch, OPO, the Commanding Officer, 4th AIT Brigade (MP), and the Commanding Officer of the USACDC Mili- tary Police Agency. The Military Police Agency was the host for this meeting of the Board. An important highlight of the meeting was an equipment demon- stration under the direction of MAJ Jim M. Parrack, Jr., Chief of the MP Agency's Materiel Division. The demonstration was held at Ft Gordon's Range 39 and was attended by MG John C. F. Tillson, III, Ft Gordon's Commanding General, the senior board members, members of civilian industry, local law enforcement repre- sentatives and MP Officer classes of the Military Police School. The demonstration covered a wide range of items, some of which are in the current Army inventory and others which are at various stages Members of the Senior Military Police Board and other dis- of development. tinguished guests view an equipment demonstration held at Range 39, Major Parrack began the demonstration with a brief history of Ft Gordon, Ga. The demonstration was under the direction of MAJ the development of automatic weapons. The German WW I model Jim M. Parrack, Chief of the USACDC Military Police Agency's of the 8mm Maxim machine gun was fired along with the US Army's Materiel Division. Pictured front row, left to right, are MG Karl IV. Browning Automatic Rifle, the US answer to the German weapon Gustafson, The Provost Marshal General; MG John C. F. Tillson, III, at that time. Then, one of the Army's latest small arms weapons, Commanding General of Ft Gordon; and COL Nicholas D. Rudziak, the awesomely effective 7.62 Minigun, was fired at targets at various then Commanding Officer of the USACDC MP Agency. Pictured ranges. This weapon is capable of firing up to 6,000 rounds per back row, left to right, are COL Joe M. Sanders, Deputy Post minute. The beauty of the Minigun system is its simplicity of Commander, Ft Gordon; and COL David R. Dingeman, Provost operation and the high reliability of the rates attained. Marshal, USCONARC. Another major weapons system demonstrated was the XM175 grenade launcher. This launcher fires the linked, high velocity the small caliber weapons presently in the Army's inventory. . 40mm M384 grenade. This is the same ammunition utilized in the Other developmental and experimental items demonstrated in- nose turret of the Cobra helicopter. For demonstration purposes, cluded the small arms locator system and the acoustics monitoring the weapon was fired from the M113 armored personnel carrier. system. The locator system uses infrared sensors and furnishes a Another weapon under consideration for use aboard vehicles is the readout in a viewing lens. The acoustics monitoring system pro- XM174 low velocity grenade launcher. This weapon was fired from vides the capability of detecting human voices far beyond the range a tripod and while hand-held, but can also be fired from any vehicle of the human ear (demonstrated in excess of 100 yards). with the standard caliber .30 pintle mount. Personnel from Edgewood Arsenal demonstrated several addi- Other handguns in the developmental stages were demonstrated tional items currently being studied and tested. by representatives of industry. These weapons, having high rates of The demonstration was concluded with controlled weapons firing fire--but at shorter ranges with less area coverage, were fired with by selected guests. noise suppressors (silencers). If any of these weapons prove to be feasible after detailed study, they could ultimately replace some of CPT Thomas R. Manthey Receives ARCOM

Corrections Expert Addresses CTF Personnel

Dr. Lawrence A. Bennett, Chief, Research Division, Department of Corrections for the state of California, recently discussed treat- ment and research principles with military and civilian personnel working at the US Army Correctional Training Facility, Ft Riley, Ks. Dr. Bennett presented the lectures as part of a Leadership and Corrections Course. Dr. Bennett called for individualized treatment for those people confined to the facility. "Not all prisoners need the same kind of treatment," he said. He discussed several theories of treatment and LTC Berry H. Henderson (left), Commanding Officer, 202d explained that each may be useful in dealing with certain types of Transportation Bn (Tml), Inchon, Korea, presents the Army Com- prisoners, but no one theory will work for all types. mendation Medal to CPT Thomas R. Manthey for his meritorious Dr. Bennett also suggested that entire staffs of correctiona.J service while assigned as Provost Marshal of Inchon from March institutions be research oriented. He explained that a vital research 1969 to March 1970. Captain Manthey was cited for his devotion to program provides for a "follow-up program." This is a form of duty and tireless efforts in enforcing military law and order in the checking on the rehabilitation progress and will provide valuable Inchon area. research for the improvement of the facility.

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL 42d MP Group Sergeant Promoted SSG Tupper Named Valley Forge Soldier of Year

SSG John Smith, 42d MP Group (Customs), Heidelberg, Germany, accepts his new insignia of rank from LTC Gordon N. Moody, Group Executive Officer, and CSM Clyde J. Rowe, Group Sergeant Major.

PFC Kelly W. White-Ft Huachuca SOM PFC Kelly W. White, an MP assigned to the 512th MP Company, Ft Huachuca, Az., was recently selected Ft Huachuca Soldier-of-the- Month. Private White, selected by a board of senior noncommissioned officers, was chosen for his knowledge of military subjects, military bearing and knowledge of current events. He was presented a $25 BG Spurgeon H. Neel, Jr., US Army Deputy Surgeon General, savings bond and a 30-day exemption from roster-type duties. presents the Valley Forge General Hospital Soldier-of-the-Year Award Private Kelly completed basic training at Ft Lewis, Wa., and to SSG William K. Tupper, a member of the 250th MP Detachment, Advanced Individual Training (MP) at Ft Gordon, Ga. A graduate Valley Forge General Hospital, as COL Kryder E. Van Puskirk, of the University of Nebraska, he holds a Bachelor of Science degree Commanding Officer of the Hospital, looks on. At the time of the in zoology. presentation,Sergeant Tupper had just undergone surgery on his knee.

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JUNE 1970 FOR OUTSTANDING SERVICE

EDITOR'S NOTE: The Roundup section of the JOURNAL has always been a significant part of this publication because it gives the member an opportunity to keep in touch with individual units all over the world, and the achievements of its individual members. Be- cause of the limited space allowed this section many achievements have gone unnoticed. It is the purpose of this column to list all achieve- ments that cannot be given individual notice. Units are encouraged to submit the information necessary to keep this column complete and up to date.

Legion of Merit Bronze Star Medal CPT Theodore N. Nottage (Meritorious Service) LTC Henry N. Henry, Jr. CPT Melvin E. Riley CPT James T. Bahr LTC Frank W. Richnak CPT Richard R. Stenton CPT Albert C. Boyd CSM Lawrence S. Mulenforth CPT William J. Taylor, III CPT Mercer G. Darden CPT Ronald S. Tudisco CPT Thomas P. Fracisco 1LT Jerome G. Barrett Soldier's Medal CPT Robert P. Glassey 1LT Carmen J. Bria SP4 Willard Bailey CPT Alan H. Hammer ILT Gary W. Geschke CPT Thomas E. Jones 1LT Charles B. Hall Bronze Star Medal CPT Harold D. Lockhart CW2 Leonard P. Conras (Valor) CPT Paul E. Mason SGM Harry R. Ostrander CPT Stanley L. Dulin CPT Richard McCreery SP4 Jeffrey Stansfield CPT Michael E. McKee 1SG James M. Arkins

MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL MSG Gerald A. Cook Army Commendation SP4 Donal R. Bonk MSG Elmer E. Cooke Medal SP4 William W. Coy 1SG Nelson Manuel (Valor) SFC Jack Bozeman SP4 Danny M. Garrett SGT Ihor Blaszkiw SFC Luis J. Davila SP4 Reynold C. Geyer SFC James M. Fijinaga SP4 Albert D. Golden SP4 Benjamin Harris, Jr. SFC William H. Mullen SP4 Edward A. Keis PSG Robert Silva SP4 James E. Heffernan (1OLC) SP4 William L. Getzger SFC Cordy L. Winburn SP4 Delbert Key SSG Thomas D. Briones PFC Gary L. Brown SP4 Robert P. Nichol SSG Glenn P. Carnes PFC Charles Cranford SSG Lonnie M. Ducker SP4 Walter I. Scharlan PFC Ramiro Delagarza SSG Willie B. Johnston SP4 Herbert D. Schmidt SSG James W. Lee PFC Paul W. Dickie SP4 Dale A. Wilson (10LC) SSG Earl R. Simpson PFC Flavio R. Herrera SSG Nathan W. Smith PFC Edward J. Thompson PFC Billy SSG Henry W. Warren D. Parks SGT Melvin E. Clifton SGT Gary D. Cox Army Commendation Good Conduct Medal SP5 Millard E. Flow, Jr. Medal SP5 Joseph S. Pepe SGT Gary F. Johnson (Meritorious Service) SP5 Randall Lindquist SGT Larry E. Graham SGT John Lineberger LTC Wade N. Dupuis (10LC) SP5 James F. Owens SGT Stephen A. Moses MAJ Loyal G. Evans, Jr. SGT Alfred J. Smith, Jr. SP5 Ronald M. Urban CPT Louis W. House SP4 Gerald H. Dargel SGT Louis P. Valdez SP4 Robert A. Delgado SP4 Luther S. Emerich SFC Erwin E. Jakob SP4 Paul E, Gozza SP4 Dennis L. Leuschen SFC Theodore J. Manderewicz SP4 Arthur H. Geyer SFC Marshal E. Oglesby Meritorious Service SP4 Peter C. Hirt SSG Louis R. Gregoire Medal SP4 Paul V. Moore SSG Clayton R. Spears SP4 Joseph F. Munson LTC Edward R. Gilmore LTC Herbert K. Wolbert SSG William L. Mitchell (20LC) SP4 John A. Neary MAJ James E. Reichel SGT Thomas E. Colding CW3 Ronald E. Decker SGT Larry E. Graham Purple Heart SGT Elmer A. Howland Air Medal SGT Ihor Blaszkiw SGT Evan M. Wilson (1OLC) SFC Thomas J. Dean SP4 Willard Bailey SP4 Willard Bailey SP4 Bernice J. Ballance SP4 Dennis Lindsay SP4 Delbert Key SP4 Victor J. Bando, Jr. SP4 William A. Wisnosky II

JUNE 1970 PROMOTIONS Rex M. Harding (46) 2LT Richard J. Hennessey, dtl Keith A. Mott (60) Armor (60) Frank F. Pachuco (64) 2LT Robert P. Herald, dtl LTC/COL Johnny C. Tucker (36) Armor (60) (RA) 2LT Ronald E. Jones, dtl Armor Edward W. Corcoran (55) WO1/CW2 (60) Melford M. Wheatley (55) (A US) 2LT William E. Lewis, dtl Armor (60) Huston W. Grice (62) 2LT Michael E. Megahey, dtl LTC/COL Jackie W. Bare (62) Armor (60) (AUS) 2LT Terry L. Miksic, dtl Inf Harold N. Elliott (53) APPOINTED IN THE RA (60) 2LT Larry E. Mitchell, dtl Inf Jode R. Wilson (37) MAJ Richard A. Crisp (36) (60) MAJ Lawrence P. O'Dea (36) 2LT Edward S. Pusey, dtl Armor MAJ MAJ/LTC Albert A. Teller, III (36) (60) CPT Arthur R. Behnke (RA) (36) 2LT Clark C. Rice, dtl Inf (60) 2LT William L. Ashley, III, dtl 2LT Dale D. Robison, dtl Inf Paul M. Timmerberg (49) Armor (60) (60) 2LT Richard A. Beal, dtl Armor 2LT Richard A. Schwartz, dtl MAJ/LTC (60) Armor (60) (A US) 2LT George F. Bishop, III (60) 2LT George W. Smith, dtl 2LT Joseph Blanco, dtl Inf (60) Armor (60) Gordon N. Moody (65) 2LT Joseph W. Browning, dtl 2LT David R. Spivey, dtl Inf JAGC (60) (60) CPT/MAJ 2LT David R. Conley, dtl Inf 2LT James F. Stith, dtl Armor (A US) (60) (60) 2LT Arthur B. Cook, Jr., dtl 2LT John A. Winkel, dtl Inf James L. Berry (45) Armor (60) (60) Richard C. Jones (42) 2LT Dewayne Davenport, dtl 2LT Jerry C. Wright, dtl Inf Inf (60) (60) 1LT/CPT 2LT Jack S. Fisher, dtl Inf (60) CW3 Richard J. Mahon (65) (RA) 2LT Mark F. Fitzgibbons, dtl CW3 James A. Squires (36) Armor (60) CW2 Reid W. Chave (65) Errol L. Murphy (37) 2LT Gerald G. Gignac, dtl CW2 Paul A. Spangler (36) James P. Needham (37) Armor (60) CW2 Kenneth W. Upham (65) Stanley L. Roark (37) Larry A. Gleason, dtl 2LT CW2 Dominick Wasielewski (65) Armor (60) 1LT/CPT 2LT George E. Gorman, dtl Inf (AUS) (60) BRANCH TRANSFER 2LT Douglas M. Harris, dtl Richard F. Hall (49) Armor (60) James B. Howlett (62) CPT Frank D. Stone, trf from Charles L. Redd (63) MPC to Inf (43) Kenneth M. Yancey (55) 1LT Robert A. Stroud, trf from MPC to Inf (67)

2LT/1LT (AUS) no CHANGES OF STATION Richard W. Averitt (56) COL Hiram E. Daniels from USA Marcus N. Brown (47) Elm, Industrial College of the Douglas H. Caldwell (44) Armed Forces, Ft McNair, John B. Cottier (46) Wash, DC, to USA Elm, Office Thomas E. Creamer (47) of the Secretary of Defense, Richard J. Domincic (46) Wash, DC (60) James H. Hoffmeyer (56) COL Glen A. Hill from USA Billy D. Hook (56) War College, Carlisle Bar- Marvin J. Huckle (45) racks, Pa, to 16th MP Gp, APO Thomas L. Hunter (46) SF 96240 (61) Raymond A. Macri (47) Vincent D. Manning (56) COL Zane V. Kortum from USA David L. Myers (46) War College, Carlisle Bar- Robert C. Oursler (57) YOUR racks, Pa, to OTPMG, Wash, Richard D. Songey (42) DC (60) COL John W. Liddle from USA MOVE CID Agcy, Wash, DC, to 12th CW3/CW4 MP Gp, Ft George G. Meade, (A US) Md (60) Louis E. Brown (47) COL Francis E. Payne from USA Elm, The National War CW2/CW3 College, Ft McNair, Wash, DC, to USA Disc Barracks, Ft (A US) Leavenworth, Ks (60) Lindell R. Bishop (63) COL George F. Proudfoot from Harry C. DeJongh (62) US Corr Tng Fac, Ft Riley, Eugene T. Fields (67) Ks, to 18th MP Bde, APO Obra E. Goff, Jr. (43) SF 96491 (36)

34 MILITARY POLICE JOURNAL COL James C. Shoutz, Jr., from MAJ Verner N. Pike from USMA, CPT James L. Cupp (61) OTPMG, Wash, DC, to USA West Point, NY, to USA Elm, CPT Melvin H. Kasprowicz (68) Corr Tng Fac, Ft Riley, Ks, USMACV, APO SF 96222 (64) CPT Howard N. Nanto (57) (60) MAJ Jacob C. Quickel from LTC Paul M. Adams, Jr., from USA Elm, Elct Fld Command, OTPMG, Wash, DC, to 21st Sandia Base, NM, to USARV RETIREMENTS Repl Bn, APO NY 09757 (48) Trans Det, APO SF 96384 (68) COL Saige Ozaki (36) LTC Ray W. Berry from OPO, CPT David R. Bacon from 241st LTC William P. Allen (53) Wash, DC, to USATC, Inf, Ft MP Det, Fitzsimons Gen Hosp, LTC Donald G. Barger (62) Lewis,, Wa (53) Denver, Co, to Stu Det, USA- MPS, Ft Gordon, Ga (36) LTC Carroll D. Billmyer, Jr. (60) LTC Frederick Gemmer from LTC Wade N. Dupuis (48) OTPMG, Wash, DC, to USA CPT Arthur N. Jack from USA LTC Richard O. Hubbell (49) Quartermaster Center, Ft Lee, Corr Tng Fac, Ft Riley, Ks, Va (50) LTC Frank C. Sidella (66) to Stu Det, USAMPS, Ft Gor- LTC Leonard O. Walker (44) LTC Wilbur D. Getz from USA don, Ga (36) MAJ Everett L A. Hayes (52) Elm OJCS, Wash, DC, to 9th MP Gp (CI), APO SF 96491 CPT James A. Lang from USA MAJ Matthew D. Schuster, Jr. (36) Corr Tng Fac, Ft Riley, Ks, (65) to Stu Det, USAMPS, Ft Gor- CW4 Marvin T. Farmer (46) LTC Samuel A. Lewis from USA CW3 Joseph A. Farrell (46) War College, Carlisle Bar- don, Ga (36) CW3 David O. McVay, Jr. (43) racks, Pa, to OTPMG, Wash, CPT Donald S. Robb from USA DC (59) CW2 Paul R. Domingue (58) Disc Barracks, Ft Leavenworth, CW2 Joseph Klesen (36) LTC Matthew J. Mejasich from Ks, to Stu Det, USAMPS, Ft CW2 Floyd A. Parks (43) OTPMG, Wash, DC, to 21st Gordon, Ga (36) Repl Bn, APO NY 09757 (67) SGM Lazzle Kron (54) CPT Edward J. Yalicki from LTC Charles P. Morn from Di- 1SG James M. Arkins (57) 57th MP Co, West Point, NY, rectorate of Civil Disturbances 1SG Richard A. Barnhart (61) Planning and Operation, Wash, to USARV Trans Det, APO MSG Dale L. Blender (56) DC, to 176th Repl Co, 38th SF 96384 (51) Repl Bn, APO 96220 (67) 1SG Billy M. Cooper (37) 2LT Walter L. Kautzky from MSG James F. Donnelly (53) LTC Joe B. Shelton from OARB, USA Disc Barracks, Ft Leav- Oakland, Ca, to USA Elm, ISG Glenn E. Hubble, Jr. (37) enworth, Ks, to 281st MP Co, USMACV, APO SF 96222 (65) 1SG Arthur J. Reese (64) APO SF 96232 (49) '- LTC Philip M. Suess, Jr., from MSG Richard A. Shields (62) 2LT Donald J. Zembiec from USA Corr Tng Fac, Ft Riley, SFC Golden R. Harris (50) Ks, to USA Garrison, Ft Riley, 259th MP Co, White Sands SFC Lester James (55) Ks (63) Missile Range, NM, to USARV Trans Det, APO 96384 (68) SFC Philip J. Jeansonne (48) LTC Paul M. Timmerberg from PSG Roy C. Lyles (63) USA War College, Carlisle CW3 Earl A. Adkins from 1st SFC James F. McNally (38) Barracks, Pa, to USARV Trans MP Det (CI), Ft Belvoir, Va, Det, APO SF 96384 (59) Glen T. Nash (55) to USA CID Agcy, Wash, DC SFC LTC Kenneth Weinstein from (63) SFC George G. Thaler (65) Stu Det, USA War College, SSG Paul A. Bennett (44) CW3 Elmer E. Snyder from 1st Carlisle Barracks, Pa, to USA SSG Harry H. Freeman (36) MP Det (CI), Ft Belvoir, Va, CID Agcy, Wash, DC (67) SSG Marion D. Hall (55) to USA CID Agcy, Wash, DC LTC Saunder Weinstein from (46) SSG Allie J. Hardeman (48) Stu Det, USA War College, SSG Karl F. Lucas (56) Carlisle Barracks, Pa, to OT- CW2 Robert L. Widner from 1st SSG Walter Ludwig (56) PMG, Wash, DC (67) MP Det (CI), Ft Belvoir, Va, SSG James C. Quinn (63) to USA CID Agcy, Wash, DC MAJ Orville N. Butts from OT- SSG Raleigh T. Vaughn (56) PMG, Wash, DC to USARV (63) SSG Ralph H. Webb (51) Trans Det, APO SF 96384 (68) 1SG Earl A. Russell from 295th SSG Robert D. Wheeler (56) MAJ Thomas E. Day from USA MP Co, Seneca Army Depot, SSG Robert S. Whitton (51) Command and General Staff Romulus, NY, to USARV Trans College, Ft Leavonworth, Ks, Det, APO SF 96384 SGT Daniel W. Dattola (56) to Ist MP Det, Ft Belvoir, Va SGT Ola A. Powell (49) (64) SFC Brice H. Bragg from HHC, SGT James T. Ruhr (50) 4th AIT Bde (MP), Ft Gor- MAJ Charles D. Herrera from SP5 Cary Smith (50) don, Ga, to Inchon Ptr Depot, USA Elm, Armed Forces Staff SP4 David A. Belakovich (68) College, Norfolk, Va, to USA- APO SF 96571 SP4 Thomas G. Guozzo (52) MPS, Ft Gordon, Ga (64) SP4 Howard C. Jordan (62) MAJ Richard Leadbetter from RESIGNATIONS SP4 Douglas J. McConney (63) USA CID Agcy, Wash, DC, to 1st MP Det (CI), Ft I3elvoir, CPT Harry H. Blalock (45) SP4 Ruben Sepulveda (61) Va (38) CPT John M. Carlson (42) PVT Gerald A. White (56)

JUNE 1970 35 Forwarding Address:

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Military Police Association Unit Membership Award HONOR ROLL 1970

Company F, 10th Battalion, 4th AIT Brigade (MP) 100% 23 Jan 70 US Army Cl Laboratory, Fort Gordon, Georgia 100% 6 Feb 70 US Army CDC MP Agency, Fort Gordon, Georgia 100% 11 Mar 70 Company B, 12th Battalion, 4th AIT Brigade (MP) 100% 31 Mar 70 Detachment D, 3d MP Group (Cl), Fort Gordon, Georgia 100% 2 Apr 70 Company D, 12th Battalion, 4th AIT Brigade (MP) 95% 8 Apr 70 140th MP Company, Fort Gordon, Georgia 90% 14 Apr 70 Company A, 12th Battalion, 4th AIT Brigade (MP) 97% 23 Apr 70 Company B, 10th Battalion, 4th AIT Brigade (MP) 100% 2 May 70 Company F, 10th Battalion, 4th AIT Brigade (MP) 100% 13 May 70 Membership as of 15 May: 12,730 V