APPENDIX B

FLORA SURVEY EFFORT AND RESULTS

October 2016

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The Flora Survey Effort (FLSE) for the Biobanking Assessment Report has been guided by the following:

 The predict threatened flora species from within the Biobanking Credit Calculator;

 The Threatened Species Survey and Assessment Guidelines for developments and activities (working draft), NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (2004);

 The NSW Threatened Species Profile Database; and

 Previous flora survey results from the site.

The Biobanking Calculator identified the following species as requiring survey for the proposed development:

 Melaleuca biconvexa (Biconvex Paperbark);

 Tetratheca juncea (Black-eyed Susan);

 Melaleuca groveana (Groves Paperbark);

hunteriana (Leafless Tongue Orchid);

 Corybas dowlingii (Red Helmet Orchid);

 Diuris praecox (Rough Double Tail);

 Grevillea parviflora (Small-flower Grevillea);

 Persicaria elatior (Tall Knotweed);

 Cyanchum elegans (White-flowered Wax );

 Eucalyptus parramattensis subsp. parramattensis population, Wyong and Lake Macquarie local government areas.

Following targeted and seasonal survey for the above species only Melaleuca biconvexa was recorded adjacent to the development site and all individuals specimens will be retained following development.

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Contents 1.1 Project Background ...... 4 1.2 Site Survey Rationale ...... 5 2.0 Field Survey ...... 6 2.1 Previous Assessments ...... 6 2.2 Current Assessment ...... 6 2.3 Survey Dates, Times and Activities ...... 8 3.0 Results ...... 9 4.0 Conclusion ...... 11 5.0 References ...... 12

Tables Table B1 – Previous Survey Undertaken ...... 6 Table B2 – AEP Field Survey Periods ...... 8

Figures Figure B1 – Flora Survey Effort ...... 7 Figure B2 – Threatened Flora Records ...... 10

Appendices Appendix B1 – Flora Species List...... 14

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1.0 Introduction

1.1 Project Background

The development site, adjacent proposed development sites as well as adjacent conservation zoned lands have been the subject of numerous flora and fauna assessment reports between the periods of 2003 to 2010.

The following reports were used to inform and have been summarised in the 2010 report by Travers Bushfire & Ecology Ecological Constraints and Analysis, Bundeena Road, Glenning Valley;

 Ambrose Ecological Services Pty Ltd (2007) Fauna survey and assessment - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

 Anne Clements & Associates (2006) Ecological assessment - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

 Anne Clements & Associates (2006) Flora Assessment - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

 Biolink Ecological Consultants (2008) Koala Survey (SEPP 44 Assessment) - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

 Conacher Travers (2003) Flora and Fauna Assessment (of the Study Area being Lot 2 DP 1100181).

 Conacher Travers (2003) Flora and Fauna Assessment of Lot 50 DP 755263 Berkeley Road Fountaindale.

 Conacher Travers (2003) Habitat tree survey (of the Study Area being Lot 2 DP 1100181).

 Conacher Travers (2006) Flora and Fauna Assessment - Proposed Road Upgrade Berkeley Road, Berkeley Vale.

 Travers bushfire & ecology (2008) Flora and Fauna Assessment of Lot 50 DP 755263 Berkeley Road Fountaindale.

 Travers bushfire & ecology (2008) Habitat tree survey - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

 Travers bushfire & ecology (2009) Bushfire Protection Assessment - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

 Travers environmental consultants (2008) Ecological Assessment of Lot 50 DP 755263 & Incorporation of a Conservation Plan at 70 Berkeley Road, Fountaindale.

The following reports were used to inform and have been summarised in the 2016 Anderson Environment and Planning Report Ecological Assessment Report for Proposed Residential Subdivision of Lot 2 DP1100181, Berkeley Road, Glenning Valley:

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 Anne Clements and Associates (2014). Potential impact of the proposed lot layout on identified threatened flora on the 38ha site in Glenning Valley.

 EcoLogical Australia (2011). Glenning Valley Improve or Maintain Assessment – Indicative Biocertification Calculations.

 Travers Bushfire & Ecology (2013). Response to Council Conditions for a Gateway Determination Berkeley Road, Bundeena Road and Bottlebrush Drive, Glenning Valley.

 Travers Bushfire & Ecology (2010). Ecological Constraints and Analysis, Bundeena Road, Glenning Valley.

At the request of the Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) additional fieldwork has been undertaken to provide more contemporary data for the development site.

1.2 Site Survey Rationale

The FLSE for the Biobanking Assessment was guided by the following:

 Previous threatened species records for the development site and adjacent lands;

 The predict threatened species from within the Biobanking Credit Calculator; and

 The Threatened Species Survey and Assessment Guidelines for developments and activities (working draft), NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (2004).

From the above the following threatened flora species required seasonal survey. The remaining threatened species were able to be surveyed at any time of year:

 Tetratheca juncea (July to December);

(November to February);

 Corybas dowlingii (June to August);

 Diuris praecox (July to August);

 Persicaria elatior (December to May);

To adequately provide contemporary survey data for the above species two seasonal surveys were undertaken in February and August. ;

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2.0 Field Survey

2.1 Previous Assessments

The following is a summary of the field survey undertaken on the site prior to the current assessment.

Table B1 – Previous Survey Undertaken Species Recommended Survey Date(s) Period

Tetratheca juncea July to December 30/07/03, 18/09/03, 10/12/03

Cryptostylis hunteriana November to February 10/12/03

Melaleuca biconvexa All year 10/03/09, 12/03/09, 27/05/10, 21/06/10, 22/06/10

Prostanthera askania September to December 10/03/09, 12/03/09, 27/05/10

Diuris praecox July to August 30/07/03, 17/08/10, 18/08/10

Previous threatened fauna survey identified Melaleuca biconvexa on land adjacent to the proposed development site.

2.2 Current Assessment

2.2.1 Survey Methodology

Survey methodology comprised parallel walking transects with higher density transects in more favourable habitat/site attributes. The survey effort is shown in Figure B1 – Flora Survey Effort.

2.2.1.1 February Survey

Target species for the February Survey was Cryptostylis hunteriana and Persicaria elatior. Other species that were able to be surveyed for during this period included Melaleuca biconvexa, Melaleuca groveana, Grevillea parviflora, Cyanchum elegans and Eucalyptus parramattensis subsp. parramattensis.

2.2.1.1 August Survey

Target species for the February Survey was Tetratheca juncea, Corybas dowlingii and Diuris praecox. Other species that were able to be surveyed for during this period included Melaleuca biconvexa, Melaleuca groveana, Grevillea parviflora, Cyanchum elegans and Eucalyptus parramattensis subsp. parramattensis.

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2.3 Survey Dates, Times and Activities

Dates and times for surveys conducted recently by AEP are provided below in Table B2 – AEP Field Survey Periods, with Table B1 – Previous Survey Undertaken above demonstrating past survey effort.

Table B2 – AEP Field Survey Periods Date Time Field Activity 13/10/15 10:00 am – 11:30 am Initial site inspection with client 20/10/15 10:00 am – 3:00 pm Vegetation map ground-truthing, targeted flora searches, Melaleuca biconvexa counts, Fauna incidentals 21/10/15 6:30 pm – 10:00 pm Stag watch, spotlighting and call playback 22/10/15 10:30 am – 12:00 pm Anabat deployment, White-bellied Sea Eagle tree inspection 27/10/15 6:00 pm – 9:15 pm Spotlighting, call playback and Anabat collection 30/11/15 11:20 am – 12:45 pm Sea Eagle tree inspections, Vegetation checks, General observations 01/02/16 12:00 pm – 1:00 pm Deploy of fauna survey equipment (disturbed open grassland), fauna survey, incidentals. 02/02/16 7:30 am – 8:10 am Fauna survey equipment check, fauna survey, incidentals 03/02/16 6:20 am – 7:10 am Fauna survey equipment check, fauna survey, incidentals 04/02/16 6:15 am – 7:10 am Fauna survey equipment check, fauna survey, incidentals 05/02/16 6:15 am – 8:10 am Fauna survey equipment check, fauna survey, incidentals 18/02/16 9:30 am – 2:00 pm Hollow-bearing tree survey, targeted Cryptostylis hunteriana search, fauna survey, incidentals 19/02/16 9:30 am – 3:00 pm Targeted C. hunteriana search, fauna survey, incidentals 22/03/16 5:15 pm – 8:00 pm Targeted Litoria brevipalmata survey, white-bellied sea-eagle nest inspection, spotlighting 26/8/16 10:15 am – 4:00 pm Winter bird survey, Winter Orchid Surveys, Crinia tinnula call playback/survey, incidentals 29/8/16 9:30 am – 3:00 pm Winter bird survey, Winter Orchid Surveys, Crinia tinnula call playback/survey, incidentals 30/8/16 10:00 am – 2:30 pm Winter bird survey, Biobanking Plots, tadpole survey, incidentals 31/8/16 10:00 am – 4:30 pm Winter bird survey, Biobanking Plots, incidentals 5/9/16 1:00 pm – 4:00 pm Biobanking Plots, frog’s eggs collection, White-bellied Sea- eagle nest inspection, incidentals 6/9/16 9:15 am – 3:30 pm Biobanking Plots, Crinia tinnula call playback/survey, incidentals 12/9/16 9:00 am – 5:00 pm Deploy hair tubes, deploy camera traps, incidentals 12/9/16 5:30 pm – 9:30 pm Targeted nocturnal arboreal snake survey 16/9/16 9:30 am – 2:30 pm Hair tube collection, incidentals 14/9/16 6:25 pm – 7:30 pm Targeted frog survey and playback 28/9/16 10:00 am – 4:00 pm Pitfall trapline preparation, White-bellied Sea-eagle nest inspection, incidentals 3/10/16 10:30 am – 4:15 pm Deploy of fauna survey equipment (dry and moist forest habitats), fauna survey, incidentals. 4/10/16 5:45 am – 10:30 am Fauna survey equipment check, fauna survey, incidentals 5/10/16 6:00 am – 9:00 am Fauna survey equipment check, fauna survey, incidentals 6/10/16 6:00 am – 8:30 am Fauna survey equipment check, fauna survey, incidentals 7/10/16 6:00 am – 10:00 am Fauna survey equipment check, fauna survey, incidentals

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3.0 Results

Threatened flora surveys confirmed the presence of Melaleuca biconvexa adjacent to the proposed development site. No other threatened flora species were recorded within the development site. The location of the Melaleuca biconvexa relative to the proposed development site is shown in Figure B1 – Threatened Flora Records overleaf.

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4.0 Conclusion

The site has been subject to significant survey effort between the periods of 2003 to 2010 with contemporary data gathered between 2015 and 2016. The contemporary survey included comprehensive targeted survey for species predicted from within the Biobanking Credit Calculator.

It is considered that the recommended survey effort from the Threatened Species Survey and Assessment Guidelines for developments and activities (2004) for the target species predicted from within the Biobanking Calculator has been achieved.

No threatened flora species were identified within the proposed development site.

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5.0 References

Ambrose Ecological Services Pty Ltd (2007) Fauna survey and assessment - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

Anne Clements and Associates (2014). Potential impact of the proposed lot layout on identified threatened flora on the 38ha site in Glenning Valley.

Anne Clements & Associates (2006) Ecological assessment - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

Anne Clements & Associates (2006) Flora Assessment - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

Biolink Ecological Consultants (2008) Koala Survey (SEPP 44 Assessment) - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

Churchill, S (2008). Australian Bats. Second Edition. Allen & Unwin Publishers.

Conacher Travers (2003) Flora and Fauna Assessment (of the Study Area being Lot 2 DP 1100181).

Conacher Travers (2003) Flora and Fauna Assessment of Lot 50 DP 755263 Berkeley Road Fountaindale. Conacher Travers (2003) Habitat tree survey (of the Study Area being Lot 2 DP 1100181).

Conacher Travers (2006) Flora and Fauna Assessment - Proposed Road Upgrade Berkeley Road, Berkeley Vale.

EcoLogical Australia (2011). Glenning Valley Improve or Maintain Assessment – Indicative Biocertification Calculations.

OEH (2016). Threatened Species, Populations and Ecological Communities website. (http://www.threatenedspecies.environment.nsw.gov.au/tsprofile/)

NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (2004). Threatened Species Survey and Assessment Guidelines for developments and activities (working draft).

Strahan, R (2004). The Mammals of Australia. New Holland Publishers.

Travers Bushfire & Ecology (2013). Response to Council Conditions for a Gateway Determination Berkeley Road, Bundeena Road and Bottlebrush Drive, Glenning Valley.

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Travers Bushfire & Ecology (2010). Ecological Constraints and Analysis, Bundeena Road, Glenning Valley.

Travers bushfire & ecology (2009) Bushfire Protection Assessment - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

Travers bushfire & ecology (2008) Flora and Fauna Assessment of Lot 50 DP 755263 Berkeley Road Fountaindale.

Travers bushfire & ecology (2008) Habitat tree survey - Lot 2 DP 1100181.

Travers environmental consultants (2008) Ecological Assessment of Lot 50 DP 755263 & Incorporation of a Conservation Plan at 70 Berkeley Road, Fountaindale.

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Appendix B1 – Flora Species List

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FLORA SPECIES LIST

The following list includes all species of vascular observed on the site during previous field investigations as summarised in Travers Bushfire & Ecology (2010) and during recent AEP surveys (2015). It should be noted that such a list cannot be considered comprehensive, but rather indicative of the flora present on the site. It can take many years of flora surveys to record all of the plant species occurring within any area, especially plant species that are only apparent in some seasons such as Orchids.

A number of species cannot always be accurately identified during a brief survey, generally due to a lack of suitable flowering and/or fruiting material. Any such species are identified as accurately as possible, and are indicated in the list as thus:

 specimens that could only be identified to genus level are indicated by the generic name followed by the abbreviation “sp.”, indicating an unidentified species of that genus;  specimens for which identification of the genus was uncertain are indicated by a question mark (“?”) placed in front of the generic, which is followed by the abbreviation “sp.” and;  specimens that could be accurately identified to genus level, but could be identified to species level with only a degree of certainty are indicated by a (“?”) placed in front of the epithet.

Authorities for the scientific names are not provided in the list. These follow the references outlined below. Harden, G. (ed) (2000). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 1. Revised edition. UNSW, Kensington, NSW.

Harden, G. (ed) (2002). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 2. Revised edition. UNSW, Kensington, NSW.

Harden, G. (ed) (1992). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 3. UNSW, Kensington, NSW.

Harden, G. (ed) (1993). Flora of New South Wales, Volume 4. UNSW, Kensington, NSW.

Names of families and higher taxa follow a modified Cronquist System (1981).

Introduced species are indicated by an asterisk “*”.

Threatened species listed under the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act) or the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) are indicated in bold font and marked as:

(V) = Vulnerable Species listed under the TSC Act

(E) = Endangered Species listed under the TSC Act

(EV) = Vulnerable Species listed under the EPBC Act 1999

(EE) = Endangered Species listed under the EPBC Act 1999

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Family Name Scientific Name Common Name Acanthaceae Pseuderanthemum variabile Pastel Flower Aceraceae Acer sp. (cultivar)* Maple Adiantaceae Adiantum aethiopicum Common Maidenhair Cheilanthes sieberi Rock Fern Agapanthus praecox subsp. Alliaceae orientalis* Anthericaceae Caesia parviflora Pale Grass Lily Apiaceae Centella asiatica Swamp Pennywort Cyclospermum leptophyllum* Slender Celery Hydrocotyle peduncularis Pennywort Araceae Gymnostachys anceps Settlers Flax Monstera deliciosa* Fruit Salad Plant Araliaceae Polyscias sambucifolia Elderberry Panax Schefflera actinophylla Umbrella Tree Arecaceae Archontophoenix cunninghamiana Bangalow Palm Livistona australis Cabbage Tree Palm Asparagaceae Asparagus asparagoides* Bridal Creeper Asteraceae Ageratina adenophora* Crofton Weed Bidens pilosa* Cobbler's Pegs Brachyscome angustifolia - Chrysanthemoides monilifera* Cirsium vulgare* Spear Thistle Conyza sumatrensis* Tall Fleabane Facelis retusa* - Hypochaeris radicata* Flatweed Lagenifera stipitata Blue Bottle-daisy Osteospermum ecklonis* Cape Daisy Ozothamnus diosmifolius Ball Everlasting Senecio madagascariensis* Fireweed Sonchus oleraceus* Common Sow-thistle Tagetes minuta* Stinking Roger Taraxacum officinale* Dandelion Vernonia cinerea Bignoniaceae Jacaranda mimosifolia* Jacaranda Pandorea pandorana Wonga Vine Blechnaceae Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle Fern Blechnum indicum Swamp Water Fern Caprifoliaceae Lonicera japonica* Japanese Honeysuckle Carophyllaceae Cerastium glomeratum* Mouse-ear Chickweed Stellaria media* Common Chickweed littoralis Black She-oak Allocasuarina torulosa Forest Oak Celastraceae Maytenus silvestris Orange Bush Commelinaceae Commelina cyanea Native Wandering Jew Tradescantia fluminensis* Wandering Jew Convolvulaceae Convolvulus erubescens Blushing Bindweed Dichondra repens Kidney Weed Ipomoea cairica* Coastal Morning Glory Cunoniaceae Callicoma serratifolia Black Wattle Ceratopetalum gummiferum NSW Christmas Bush Cyatheaceae Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fern Carex appressa Tall Sedge Caustis pentandra Thick Twist Rush Cyperus sphaeroideus - Gahnia clarkei Tall Saw-sedge Gahnia erythrocarpa Saw Sedge

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Family Name Scientific Name Common Name Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruited Saw-sedge elatius Tall Sword-sedge - Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge - Schoenus melanostachys Black Bog Rush Tricostularia pauciflora - Davalliaceae Nephrolepis cordifolia* Fish-bone Fern Dennstaedtiaceae Hypolepis muelleri Harsh Ground Fern Pteridium esculentum Bracken Dicksoniaceae Calochlaena dubia Rainbow Fern Dilleniaceae Hibbertia aspera Rough Guinea Flower Hibbertia dentata Twining Guinea Flower Hibbertia linearis - Hibbertia scandens Climbing Guinea Flower Droseraceae Drosera peltata Sundew Drosera spathulata Common Sundew Eleocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blueberry Ash Epacridaceae Epacris pulchella Wallum Heath Leucopogon juniperinus Prickly Beard-heath Leucopogon lanceolatus Lance-leaf Beard-heath Euphorbiaceae Breynia oblongifolia Coffee Bush Euphorbia peplus* Spurge Glochidion ferdinandii Cheese Tree Phyllanthus gunnii Scrubby Spurge Phyllanthus hirtellus Thyme Spurge Ricinus communis* Castor Oil Plant Fabaceae Acacia falcata - Acacia floribunda White Sally Acacia implexa Hickory Wattle Acacia irrorata Green Wattle Acacia longifolia var. longifolia Sydney Golden Wattle Acacia myrtifolia Red Stem Wattle Acacia podalyriifolia Silver Wattle Acacia schinoides Green Cedar Wattle Acacia stricta Straight Wattle Acacia suaveolens Sweet Scented Wattle Acacia terminalis Sunshine Wattle Acacia ulicifolia Prickly Moses Aotus ericoides - Bossiaea obcordata Spiny Bossiaea Daviesia ulicifolia Gorse Bitter Pea Desmodium rhytidophyllum - Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine Glycine microphylla Small-leaf Glycine Glycine tabacina Twining Glycine Gompholobium latifolium Broad-leaf Wedge-pea Hardenbergia violacea False Sarsparilla Kennedia rubicunda Dusky Coral Pea Lotus suaveolens Medicago spp.* A Medic Paraserianthes lophantha subsp. lophantha* Crested Wattle Pultenaea flexilis Graceful Bush Pea Pultenaea paleacea - Pultenaea retusa -

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Family Name Scientific Name Common Name Pultenaea villosa Hairy Bush-pea Senna pendula var. glabrata* - Trifolium repens* White Clover Vicia sativa* Common vetch Geraniaceae Geranium homeanum Northern Cranesbill Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa Pouched Coral Fern purpurea Purple Dampiera Dampiera stricta Blue Dampiera Goodenia heterophylla Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia Haemodoraceae Haemodorum corymbosum Bloodroot Haemodorum planifolium Bloodroot Haloragaceae Gonocarpus micranthus Gonocarpus tetragynus Poverty Raspwort Gonocarpus teucroides Raspwort Iridaceae Gladiolus sp.* - Patersonia glabrata Leafy Purple-flag Patersonia sericea Wild Iris Juncaceae Juncus cognatus* - Juncus continuus - Juncus usitatus Common Rush Lauraceae Cassytha glabella Cassytha pubescens Common Devil’s Twine Cinnamomum camphora* Camphor Laurel Liliaceae Chlorophytum comosum* Spider Plant Lindsaeaceae Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern Lindsaea microphylla Lacy Wedge-fern Lobeliaceae Pratia purpurascens Whiteroot Lomandraceae Lomandra filiformis Wattle Matt-rush Lomandra longifolia Spiky-headed Mat-rush Lomandra multiflora subsp. multiflora Many-flowered Mat-rush Lomandra obliqua Twisted Mat-rush Loranthaceae Amyema spp. Mistletoe Luzuriagaceae Eustrephus latifolius Wombat Berry Geitonoplesium cymosum Scrambling Lily Malaceae Pyracantha angustifolia* Orange Firethorn Malvaceae Hibiscus diversifolius Swamp Hibiscus Sida rhombifolia* Paddy's Lucerne Menispermiaceae Stephania japonica var. discolor Snake Vine Musaceae Musa acuminata* (Cultivar) Banana Myrsinaceae Myrsine variabilis Muttonwood Myrtaceae Angophora floribunda Rough-barked Apple Callistemon citrinus Crimson Bottlebrush Callistemon linearis Narrow-leaved Bottlebrush Callistemon salignus Willow Bottlebrush Red Bloodwood Corymbia maculata Spotted Gum Eucalyptus deanei Mountain Blue Gum Eucalyptus paniculata Grey Ironbark Blackbutt Eucalyptus resinifera Red Mahogany Eucalyptus robusta Swamp Mahogany Broad-leaved White Eucalyptus umbra Mahogany Kunzea ambigua Tick Bush Leptospermum juniperinum Prickly Tea-tree

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Family Name Scientific Name Common Name Leptospermum polygalifolium Tantoon Leptospermum trinervium Slender Tea-tree Lophostemon confertus Brush Box Melaleuca armillaris subsp. armillaris Bracelet Honey Myrtle Melaleuca biconvexa Biconvex Paperbark Melaleuca hypericifolia Hillock Bush Melaleuca linariifolia Snow in Summer Melaleuca nodosa Ball Honey Myrtle Melaleuca sieberi - Melaleuca stypheloides Prickly-leaved Tea Tree Melaleuca thymifolia Thyme Honey Myrtle Rhodamnia rubescens Scrub Turpentine Syncarpia glomulifera Turpentine Tristaniopsis laurina Water Gum Ochnaceae Ochna serrulata* Mickey Mouse Plant Oleaceae Jasminum polyanthum* Jasmine Ligustrum lucidum* Large-leaved Privet Ligustrum sinense* Small-leaved Privet Mock Olive, Large Mock- Notelaea longifolia olive Acianthus fornicatus Pixie Caps Caladenia carnea Pink Fingers Caladenia catenata White Fingers Calochilus campestris Copper Beard Orchid Calochilus robertsonii Purplish Beard Orchid Corybas sp. Large Tongue Orchid Cymbidium suave Snake Orchid Pterostylis baptistii King Greenhood Prasophyllum brevilabre Short-lipped Leek Orchid Thelymitra ixioides var. ixioides Spotted Sun Orchid Yellow Wood Sorrel, Oxalidaceae Oxalis corniculata* Creeping Oxalis Oxalis latifolia* Pink Fishtail Yellow-flowered Wood Oxalis perrenans Sorrel Passifloraceae Passiflora edulis* Common Passionfruit Phormiaceae Dianella caerulea Blue Flax-lily Pinaceae Pinus elliotti* Slash Pine Pinus radiata* Radiata or Monterey Pine Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens Hairy Appleberry Pittosporum revolutum Yellow Pittosporum Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum Plantaginaceae Plantago lanceolata* Ribwort Poaceae Andropogon virginicus* Whisky Grass Aristida vagans Three-awn Speargrass Austrostipa pubescens Tall Speargrass Axonopus fissifolius* Narrow-leaved Carpet Grass Briza maxima* Quaking Grass Chloris gayana* Rhodes Grass Cortaderia selloana* Pampas Grass Cynodon dactylon Common Couch Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume Grass Dichelachne micrantha Short-hair Plume Grass Digitaria parviflora Small-flowered Finger Grass Echinopogon caespitosus Bushy Hedgehog-grass

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Family Name Scientific Name Common Name Ehrharta erecta* Panic Veldtgrass Entolasia marginata Bordered Panic Entolasia stricta Wiry Panic Eragrostis brownii Brown’s Lovegrass Imperata cylindrica Blady Grass Microlaena stipoides Weeping Grass Oplismenus aemulus Basket Grass Panicum simile Two Colour Panic Paspalum dilatatum* Paspalum Paspalum urvillei* Vasey Grass Pennisetum clandestinum* Kikuyu, Kikuyu Grass Phyllostachys sp. Bamboo Poa seiberiana Tussock Grass Setaria sphacelata* South African Pigeon Grass Sporobolus africanus* Parramatta Grass Stenotaphrum secundatum* Buffalo Grass Themeda australis Kangaroo Grass Polygonaceae Rumex crispus* Curled Dock Primulaceae Anagallis arvensis* Scarlet Pimpernel Proteaceae Banksia robur Swamp Banksia Banksia serrata Old Man Banksia Banksia spinulosa Hairpin Banksia Hakea salicifolia Willow Hakea Lomatia silaifolia Crinkle Bush Persoonia lanceolata Lance-leaved Geebung Persoonia levis Broad-leaved Geebung Persoonia linearis Narrow-leaved Geebung Ranunculaceae Clematis aristata Old Man's Beard Ranunculus repens* Creeping Buttercup Restionaceae Baloskion tetraphyllum Empodisma minus - Eurychorda complanata - Rhamnaceae Alphitonia excelsa Red Ash Pomaderris ferruginea - Rosaceae Rubus fruticosus sp. agg.* Blackberry complex Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata Pomax Santalaceae Exocarpos cupressiformis Native Cherry Sapindaceae Dodonaea triquetra Hop-bush Scrophulariaceae Veronica plebeia Creeping Speedwell Selaginallaceae Selaginella uliginosa Swamp Selaginella Smilacaceae Smilax australis Lawyer Vine Smilax glyciphylla Sarsaparilla Solanaceae Cestrum parqui* Chilean Cestrum Duboisia myoporoides Corkwood Solanum mauritianum* Wild Tobacco Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice Flower Tremandraceae Tetratheca thymifolia Black-eyed Susan Verbenaceae Lantana camara* Lantana Verbena bonariensis* Purpletop Verbena rigida var. rigida* Veined Verbena Vitaceae Cissus antarctica Kangaroo Vine Cissus hypoglauca Water Vine Xanthorrhoaceae Xanthorrhoea latifolia - Xanthorrhoea macronema - Zingiberaceae Hedychium gardnerianum* Ginger Lily

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