Proceedings of the Academy of Science

Volume 92 Number Article 7

1985

Fungi of the Iowa

L. H. Tiffany Iowa State University

J. F. Shearer Iowa State University

A. W. Gabel Iowa State University

G. Knaphus Iowa State University

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Recommended Citation Tiffany, L. H.; Shearer, J. F.; Gabel, A. W.; and Knaphus, G. (1985) "Fungi of the Iowa Loess Hills," Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 92(5), 180-185. Available at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pias/vol92/iss5/7

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Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 92(5):180-185, 1985

Fungi of the Iowa Loess Hills

L. H. TIFFANY,). F. SHEARER, A. W. GABEL, and G. KNAPHUS

Department of Botany, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011

From 1981 through 1983 biological surveys of the Loess Hills were spoonsored by the Iowa State Preserves Advisory Board. Twenty-four sites in 7 counties were visited during the first week in June during these years. Collections were made of all macrofungi producing identifiable fruiting structures or represented by recognizable weathered fruiting structures developed the previous fall. Plane parasitic fungi and corticolous lichens were also recorded. Fungi of the Loess Hills of Iowa had been previously documented primarily by Gilman's and Gilman and Archer's reports of parasitic fungi. This report includes 3 species ofOomycetes, 18 species ofMyxomycetes, 67 species of Ascomycetes, 75 species ofBasidiomycetes, 27 species of (Deuteromycetes) and 15 species of corticolous lichens. INDEX DESCRIPTORS: Fungi, Loess Hills, lichens

The fungi of Iowa, particularly the macrofungi and the plant immediate vicinity of a particular species could give parasitic fungi, have been observed, collected and interpreted since presumptive evidence for an ectomycorrhizal association. Endomycor­ the 1870s. However, much of this work was in the eastern and central rhizal fungi could be detected only by a detailed microscopic study. portions of the state. Gilman and Archer's ( 1929) catalog of the plant Both the litter-dwelling species and the mycorrhizal fungi may be parasitic fungi of Iowa does include some information on occurrence of seasonal. Some species fruit only at specific times, the morels in these fungi in western Iowa. Also, G. W. Martin's students, working spring, certain mushrooms in summer, other mushrooms and puff­ at the Iowa Lakeside Laboratory on Lake West Okoboji in Dickinson balls only in fall. Some fungal structures, such as sterile bases of larger Counry, documented the local Myxomycetes and the Tremellales as puffballs or the perennial and annual brackets of wood inhabiting part of their intensive taxonomic studies of these groups of fungi. fungi, are persistent enough to be recognizable beyond the season in The Loess Hills of western Iowa are especially interesting for studies which they develop. Other species may not be limited, but can of fungal distribution. The eastern Iowa forests, with more rainfall develop fruiting bodies throughout the growing season whenever and a more diverse vascular plant population, have a larger number of environmental conditions are favorable. Some Asomycetes, both plant species of fungi than do the western Iowa forests. However, in the parasitic and saprophytic species, produce only an overwin­ Loess Hills where remnants of the eastern deciduous forest occur in tering plant debris. These small fruiting structures are seldom obvious scattered stands and where western plant species are at the eastern in the field. edge of their ranges, what fungi are also successfully established? The Many fungi occur predominantly or exclusively in only one of the Loess Hills forays provided an opportunity to obtain data about the vegetational associations in the Loess Hills. We have, therefore, fungi of this area. presented our observations in three lists: 1) those fungi encountered in This paper reports the Loess Hills fungi as we have observed and the prairie sites or as parasites on the prairie (Table 2), 2) those collected them, primarily for several days in early June, 1981 through fungi found in the wooded slopes and ravines of prairie areas and in the 1983. These studies were part of biological surveys sponsored by the contiguous wooded areas and as parasites of the plants of these sites Iowa State Preserves Advisory Board. Data from incidental collections made by various people working in the area during the last few years have also been included. However, these collections are even less Table 1. Collection sites in the Iowa Loess Hills region. representative of other seasons and situations than our limited obser­ SITE LEGAL DESCRIPTION COUNTY

vations are of the early summer fungal population. We have also Banks Property Sec. 20, T91N, R49W ~lymouth included the reports from this area of plant parasitic fungi of Gilman Stone Seate Park Sec. 2, T89N, R48W Woodbury and Archer (1929), and of the larger Discomycetes by Jensen (1977). Brown's Lake Sec. 33, T87N, R47W Woodbury During the surveys, we concentrated on the macrofungi, the plant Joy Hollow Road Sec. 24, T91N, R49W Plymouth parasites, and the lichens. However, the rusts (Uredinales) which are Smithland Co. Park Sec. 26-27, T86N, R44W Woodbury plant parasitic fungi and the soil-inhabiting lichens are discussed in Preparation Canyon Sec. 24, T82N, R44W Monona separate papers. The plant parasites reported here include only those Boy Scout Camp Sec. 28, T82N, R44W Monona that could be identified from fungal fruiting structures already present Railroad track T83N, R45W Monona Turin Wildlife Area Sec. 33-34, T84N, R44W Monona on the diseased host at the time of collection, or from fruiting Dahm Property WY, Sec. 18, T85N, R44W Monona structures that developed during a 48 hour incubation in a moist Raglan Property EY, Sec. 21, T80N, R44W Harrison chamber during the week following collection. Thus our observations Roden Farm NWY4 Sec. 23, T81N, R44W Harrison are biased in that only the plant parasites that develop relatively early Deer Island Sec. 21, T81N, R45W Harrison in the growing season are represented. Tyson Bend Wild!. Area NW Sec. 29, T79N, R45W Harrison The macrofungi we identified probably include two different Crescent Ski Area Sec. 12, T76N, R44W Pottawattamie ecological groups of fungi: 1) the litter-dwelling and wood-inhabiting Seep Sec. 11, T71N, R43W Mills saprophytic fungi, and 2) the mycorrhizal fungi. Because both groups Roadside Ditch T73N, R43W Mills may produce their fruiting bodies on or through the ground litter, Wearin Prairie Sec. 13, T72N, R41W Mills Flood Plain Prairie Sec. 26, T67N, R43W Fremont only an intensive study of fruiting bodies of a species in the Roadside Ditch Sec. 25, T67N, R43W Fremont Thurman south Sec. 13, T69N, R43W Fremont Knox Church Site SE Y4, Sec. 32, T68N, R42W Fremont Journal Paper No. J-11862 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Possum Creek Sec. 18, T69N, R42W Fremont Station, Ames, Iowa. Project No. 0110. Waubonsie Seate Park Sec. 31, T67N, R42W Fremont

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FUNGI OF LOESS HILLS 181

Table 2. Fungi of the prairie areas of the Iowa Loess Hills. Gasteromycetes Fungus County" stercoreus (Schwein.) de toni in Sacc. 2 Disciseda candida (Schwein.) Lloyd 1,3 Myxomycetes Geastrum mammosum Chev. 4 Physarum vernum Somm. 4 Geastrum minus (Pers.) Fischer 3,4,6,7 Oomycetes Lycoperdon ericetorum Pers. 4 parasitica Pers. ex Fr. 3,6 Lycoperdon pusillum Pers. 3,4 Plasmopara pygmea (Unger) Schroter 6 Tulostama brumale Pers. 1,2,3,4 On Anemone canadensis L. Secotium agaricoides (Czern.) Hollos 1 Ascomycetes Hemiascomycetes • County symbols: 1 = Plymouth, 2 = Woodbury, 3 = Monona, Taphrina potentillae (Farlow) Johanson 4 = Harrison, 5 = Pottawattamie, 6 = Mills, 7 = Fremont On Potentilla sp. Taphrina pruni Tu!. On Prunus americana Marsh. 5 (Table 3), and 3) saprophytic and plant parasitic fungi of the Missouri Pyrenomycetes River flood plain at the western base of the Loess Hills bluffs (Table 4). Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tu!. 1,2,4 We recognize that somewhat different but interrelated wooded On Phalaris arundinacea L. situations occur in group 2. One involves the eastern deciduous forest Erysiphe polygoni DC. 3 remnants in Stone State Park and Smithland County Park in the On Oxytropis lamberti Pursh. northern Loess Hills area, Preparation Canyon State Park in the Gibberella pulicaris (Fr.) Sacc. On Morus sp. 2,4 central region, and in the south. The other is Phyllachora luteomaculata (Schwein.) Orton 3,5,7 the groups of scattered bur oaks restricted to the lower portions of On Andropogon gerardi Vitm. protected loess slopes noted in early government land surveys. These Phyllachora boutelouae Rehm On Bouteloua sp. 2 have changed since settlement of the Loess Hills. Natural fires are Loculoascomycetes rare, and the dense bur oak stands, with junipers and dogwood at the Elsinoe panici Tiffany & Mathre 2,3,7 edges, now occupy many ravines throughout the Iowa Loess Hills. On Panicum virgatum L. The prairie vegetation, unlike that found in other remnant prairies l)euteromycetes in Iowa, includes species more typical of the central Great Plains. In Ascochyta brachypodii (Sydow) Sprague & 4 the dry environment enhanced by the soils and steep slopes of the loess A.G. Johnson On Schizachyrium bluffs, some of these Great Plains plant species are at the eastern edge scoparium (Mich x.) Nash of their range. Occurring with the more typical Iowa prairie species, Botrytis cinerea Pers. On Lactuca sativa L. 5 especially those more tolerant of dry growing conditions, these plants Cercospora concentrica Cooke & Ellis 7 make the Loess Hills prairies an interesting mix of plants that support On Yucca glauca Nutt. a different group of plant parasitic fungi and saprophytes. For Cladosporium astericola llivis 4 example, Kellermania yuccaegena Ellis & Kellm., is a leaf parasite on On Aster sagittifolius Weden. Yucca glauca L., a western species which occurs naturally in Iowa only Collectotrichum graminicola (Ces.) Wilson 4,7 in the Loess Hills. On Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash The flood plains areas investigated were those immediately adja- Cylindrosoporium angustifolium Ellis & Kell. 7 On Yucca glauca Nutt. Table 3. Fungi of the wooded areas of the Iowa Loess Hills Cylindrosporium hiemalis Higgins '3,4 Fungus County' On Prunus virginiana L. Myxomycetes Cylindrosporium toxicodendri (Curtis) Ellis & Eve. 3,4 Arryria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. 2 On Rhus glabra L. Arryria denudata G. Lister 3 Kellermania yuccaegena Ellis & Eve. 1,2,3,4,7 Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (Mull.) Macbr. 2 On Yucca glauca L. Comatricha rubens Lister 3 Marsonnina potentiallae (l)esm.) Magnus 3 Didymium iridis (l)irmar) Fr. 3 On Potentilla sp. Didymium nigripes (Link) Fr. 3 Septoria helianthi Ellis & Kell. On Helianthus sp. 3 Didymium squamulosum (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. 3 Septoria verbenae Rob. & l)esm. 3,4 Fuligo septica (L.) Wigg. 2 On Verbena stricta Vent. Hemitrichia stipitata (Massee) Macbr. 2 Septoria secalis Prill. & !)el. On Se,ca/e cereale L. 5 Lycogola epidendrum (L.) Fr. 2 Stagonospora graminella Sacc. 4 Metatrichia vesparium (Barsch) Nannf.-Brem. 2 Basidiomyceres Mucilago crustacea Wigg. 3 Teliomycetes Physarum cinereum (Barsch) Pers. 3 Sphacelotheca occidentalis (Seym.) Clinton Physarum vernum Somm. ex Fr. 3 On Andropogon gerardi Vitm. Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) Macbr. 3 Holobasidiomycetes Ascomycetes Hemiascomycetes Agaricus campestris Fr. 3 Taphrina coerulescem (Mont. & l)esm.) Tu!. 7 Hygrocybe conica (Scop. ex Fr.) Kummer 3 On Quercus macrocarpa Michx. leaves Hygrocybe punicea (Fr.) Kummer 3,4 Taphrina potentil!ae (Farlow) Johanson 1,3 Lepiota naucina (Fr.) Kummer 3,4,5, On Potentil!a sp. leaves Lepista saeva (Fr.) Orton 3 Taphrina pruni Tul. On Prunus americana 3 Stropharia coronilla (Bull. ex Fr.) Quelet 3 Marsh. fruits

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182 PROC. IOWA ACAD. SCI. 92(1985)

Pyrenomycetes R.utstroemia longipes (Cooke & Peck) White 7 Acrospermum clJTfljJressum Tade ex Fr. 7 R11tstroemia macrospora (Peck) Kan. 7 On overwintered leaves of Cercis canadensis L. On overwintered petioles Daldinia concentrica (Bolton ex Fr.) de Not. 7 Sarcosrypha coccinea (Scop.) Sacc. 5,7 Diatrype albopruinosa (Schwein.) Cooke 7 Sarcosrypha occidentalis (Schwein.) Sacc. 2,4,5,7 On Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch Scutellinia scutellata (L.) Lambotte 6 Diatrype stigma (Hoffm.) de Not. 2 Urn11la crateri11m (Schwein.) Fr. 5 On Quercus branches Verpa conica (Mull.) Swartz 5 Erysiphe cichoraceannn DC. On Gali11m sp. 2 Loculoascomycetes Erysiphe cichoraceannn DC. 2 Apiosporina morbosa (Schwein.) Arx 3,7 On Hydrophyllum virginian11m L. On Prunus virginiana L. Erysiphe cichoraceannn DC. 2 Botryosphaeria q11ercu11m (Schwein.) Sacc. 2 On Cynoglossum officinale L. On Rhus typhina L. E11typa ludib11nda Sacc. 1,6 Hysterographi11m fraxini (Pers. ex Fr.) de Not. 2,4 On down UImus americana L. branches On Fraxinus sp. branches E11typa l11dib11nda Sacc. On Ttlia americana L. 2 Hysterographi11m s11brugos11m (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. 2 Gnomonia ostryae de Not. On overwintered 7 Lichens leaves of Ostrya virginiana Caloplaca 11/morum Fink 2 (Mill.) K. Koch Candelaria concolor (Dickson) B. Stein 2,6,7 Gnomonia setacea (Pers. ex Fr.) Ces. & de Not. 2,3,6,7 On Q11ercus sp. bark On overwintered leaves of Q11ercus alba L. , Candelaria fibrosa (Fr.) Mull. Arg. 2 Quercus macrocarpa Michx. , Q11ercus rubra L. Parmelia bolliana Mull. Arg. 2 Hypomyce.s a11rantius (Pers.) Tul. 3 Physcia setosa var. virella Bouly de Lesd. 6,7 On Polyporus varius Pers., ex Fr. Physcia stellaris (L.) Nyl. 2,6,7 Hypoxylon mediterraneum (de Not.) Miller 2 Physcia syncolla Tuck. 6,7 Hypoxylon nummularium Bull. ex Fr. 2 Teloschiste.s chrysophthalmus (L.) Th. Fr. 2 Hypoxylon rubiginos11m Pers. ex Fr. 2 Xanthoria fa/lax (Hepp.) Arn. 2,6,7 Hypoxylon ust11lat11m Bull. ex Kickx 6 Xanthoria polycarpa (Ehrh.) Oliv. 2 Lasiosphaeria hirs11ta (Fr.) Ces. & de Not. 2 Xanthoria candelaria (L.) Th. Fr. 2 Microsphaera alni DC. ex Winter 3 Deuteromycetes On Quercus rubra L. Cylindrospori11m hiemalis Higgins 3 cinnabarina (Tade ex Fr.) Fr. 3 On Prunus virginiana L. Nectria episphaeria (Tade ex Fr.) Fr. 3 Cylindrospori11m toxicodendri (Curtis) Ellis & Eve. 3,4 On Diatrype stigma (Hoffm.) de Not. On Rhus glabra L. Ophiognomonia melanostyla (DC. ex Fr.) Sacc. 5 Exospori11m tiliae Link ex Fr. 3 On overwintered leaves of Ttlia americana L. On down branches of Ttlia americana L. Phyllactinia corylea (Pers.) Karsten 2 Heterosporium al/ii Ellis & G. Martin 6 Pocillum cerasti (Mont.) de Not. 5,7 var. alli-panii Isec. & Berl. On overwintered leaves of Q11ercus sp. On Alli11m sp. Rosellinia aq11ila (Fr.) de Not. 2,3 Septoria cornicola Desm. On leaves of Cornus sp. 3,4,7 Rosellinia s11biculata (Schwein.) Sacc. 2 Basidiomycetes Stegophora 11/mea (Schw. ex Fr.) Sydow & Sydow 4 Phragmobasidmycetes On overwintered leaves of Ulmus sp. Auric11laria a11ricula (Hooker) Underw. 3 Valsa fraxinina Peck On Fraxinus pennsylvanica 3 Tremel/a me.senterica Fr. 3 Marsh. Holobasidiomycetes Zignoella ovoidea (Fr.) Sacc. 3 Aphyllophorales Discomycetes Bjerkandera adusta (Willd. ex Fr.) P. Karsten 2 (Batsch ex Fr.) 7 Cerrena 11nicolor (Bull. ex Fr.) Murr. 2 Korf & Carpenter Corio/us hirs11tus (Wulf ex Fr.) Quelet 2,3 Coccomyce.s hiemalis Higgins 4 Corio/us versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Quelet 2,3 Coccomyce.s prunophorae Higgins 4 Cyphella tiliae Peck ex Cooke 2,3 Dasysryphus virgineus S.F. Gray 3 On down Ttlia americana L. branches On overwintered Q11ercus leaves Pavo/us alveolaris (DC. ex Fr.) Quelet 2 Geopora sep11lta (Fr.) Korf & Burdsall 3 On down Q11ercus sp. Gyromitra brunnea U nderw. 5 F11nalia gallica (Fr.) Bond. 2,3 Helve/la acetab11!11m (L.) Quelet 4 Ganoderma applanatum (Pers. ex S.F. Gray) Pat. 2,3,5 Helve/la crispa Fr. 4,5 Gloeophyll11m trabeum (Pers. ex Fr.) Murr. 3 Helve/la elastica Fr. 7 Gloeoporus dichrous (Fr. ex Fr.) Bresad. 1 Helve/la villosa (Hedwig) Diss. & Nannf. 7 Hymenochaete tabacina Sow. ex Lev. 2,3 Morchella e.sculenta (L.) Pers. 2,4,5,7 On down Q11ercus sp. branches Morchella semilibra (DC.) Fr. 7 lrpex lacteus (Fr. ex Fr.) Fr. 3,7 Peziza varia (Hedwig) Fr. 2 Laetiporus s11lph11reus (Bull. ex Fr.) Murr. 3 Psilopezia n11mmularia Berk. 3 Phellinus gilvus (Schwein.) Pat. 2 On very soggy wood Polyporus arcularis Batsch ex Fr. 6,7,2 P11lvin11la convexella (P. Karsten) Pfister 3 On down Q11ercus sp.

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FUNGI OF LOESS HILLS 183

Po/ypma mori Pollini ex Fr. 2 Taxonomic treatments used in identification are listed in the refer­ On down Quercus branches ences. Polypma varius Pers. ex Fr. 6 Several Gasteromycetes collected in both the prairie sites and sandy . Po/ypma squamosus Hudson ex Fr. 2,3 areas of the flood plain are of particular interest. Tulostoma bruma/e Poronidu/us concifer (Schwein.) Murr. 3 Pers. was discussed by Kambly and Lee (1936) as a species of stalked Pycnopma cinnabarinus (Jacq. ex Fr.) Karsten 3 puftball that probably occurred in Iowa but was not represented in the Schizophy//um commune Fe. 1,3,4,6 Iowa collections they had available. Macbride, in Kambly and Lee Truncospora ohioensis (Berk.) Pilat 3 (1936), had reported a collection of T. brumak from sandy sites in Agaricales eastern Iowa, but the only collections available to Kambly and Lee Agaricus p/aromyces Peck 4 were T. simu/ans Lloyd. These two species were considered to be a Amanita vaginata (Bull. ex Fr.) Vitt. 1 single variable species by Cunningham (1979), but most workers, Co//ybia dryophi/a (Bull. ex Fr.) Kummer 2,4,3 Kambly and Lee (1936), Coker and Couch (1928), Smith et al. Clitocybe gibba (Fr.) Kummer 2,4 (1981), consider them to be distinctly different. Coprinus micaceus (Fr.) Fr. 1 Disciseda candida (Schwein.) Lloyd was considered by Kambly and Coprinus atramentarius (Fr.) Fr. 1,3 Lee (1936) to be uncommon, but distributed throughout the state in Coprinus comatus (Fr.) S.F. Gray 3 pastures and grassy areas. During the survey, it was collected only on Coprinus quadrifidus Peck 2 the top of the prairie ridges. Crepidotus ma/achius (B. & C.) Sacc. 3 Geastrum minus (Pers.) Fischer is one of the small earth stars that also F/ammu/ina velutipes (Curtis ex Fr.) Karsten 3 seems to have a wide distribution but is seldom common. It has {(Co//ybia ve/utipes (Curtis ex Fr.) Kummer)) usually been reported from sandy sites, but was collected from several Hygrocybe conica (Scop. ex Fr.) Kummer 3 prairie areas in the Loess Hills. (Hygrophorus conicus Fr.) We will need more collections, taken at different times of the year Hygrocybe punicea (Fr.) Kummer 3,4 under a broader variety of environmental conditions to complete our (Hygrophorus puniceus Fr.) study of the macrofungi. Similiarly, the plant parasitic fungus Inocybe asterophora Quelet 3,4 specimens were limited to early June collections. The reports of Lepiota c/ypeo/aria (Bull. ex Fr.) Kummer 3 Gilman and Archer ( 1929) and Gilman ( 1949) supplement our Lepiota cristata Kummer 3 collections but more study will be needed to produce a satisfactory Lepiota naucina (Fr.) Kummer 3,4 evaluation of the plant parasitic fungi. Thus, our three-year study has {Leucoagaricus naucinus (Fr.) Singer) added significant information, but a considerable amount of addition­ Lepista irina (Fr.) Bigelow {Tricho/oma irinum 3 al field work must be completed before an accurate interpretation of (Fr.) Kummer] the fungi of the Loess Hills can be made. Lepista saeva (Fr.) Orton {Tricho/oma personatum 3,4 (Fr. ex Fr.) Kummer) Marasmius siccus (Schwein.) Fr. 3 Table 4. Fungi of the Missouri River floodplain adjacent to Marasmius g/abe/lus Peck 3 the Iowa Loess Hills. Marasmius rotu/a (Scop. ex Fr.) Fr. 3 Mycena haematopus (Fr.) Kummer 2 Fungus Countf No/anea mammosa (Fr.) Quelet 3 Myxomycetes Pho/iota acerico/a Peck Physarum cinereum (Barsch) Pers. 4 Pho/iota squarrosa (Muller ex Fr.) Kummer ~ Oomycetes Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) Kummer 1 Peronospora parasitica Pers. ex Fr. 7 Psathyre/la candolleana (Fr.) Smith 3 On Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. Tricholomopsis p/atyphyl/a (Pers. ex Fr.) Singer 3 Ascomycetes {Co//ybia p/atyphyl/a (Fr.) Kummer) Hemiascomycetes Tricholoma irinum (Fr.) Kummer {Lepista irina 3 Japhrina pruni Tul. On Prunus americana Marsh. 3 (Fr.) Bigelow) Pyrenomycetes Gasteromycetes Acrospermum compressum Tode On overwintered 4, 7 B011ista plumbea Pers. 4 Panicum virgatum L. stems Calvatia craniiformis (Schwein.) Fr. 3,4,5,6 C/aviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul. 5 Crucibu/um /aeve (Hudson ex Relhan) Kambly 3,4,5 On Pha/aris arundinacea L. Cyathus striatus (Hudson) ex Person. 4 Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. 7 Geastrum mammosum Chev. 3,4,6 On Cynog/ossum officinale L. Lycoperdon ob/igosporum Berk & Curtis 3 Erysiphe polygoni DC. 1 Phallus impudicus Pers. 3,4 On ramosissimum Michx. Tulostoma brumale Pers. 4 Microsphaera diffusa Cooke & Peck 1 On Desmodium sp. "County sumbols: 1 =Plymouth, 2 =Woodbury, 3 =Monona, Discomycetes 4 =Harrison, 5 =Pottawattamie, 6 =Mills, 7 =Fremont Helve/la acetabu/um (L.) Quelet 4 Loculoascomycetes cent to the river. Typically they are highly disturbed, both by natural Botryosphaeria quercuum (Schwein.) Sacc. 2 flooding and human activity. On Rhus typhina L. Collecting sites are summarized in Tuble 1. Tables 2, 3, and 4 Elsinoe panici Tiffany & Mathre 3,4, 7 include fungi we have collected from 1981 through 1983, plant On Panicum virgatum L. parasitic fungi of the area included in Gilman and Archer ( 1929) and Hysterographium fraxini (Pers. ex Fr.) de Not. 2,4 Gilman (1949), and reports oflarger discomycetes by Jensen (1977). On Fraxinius pennyslvanica Marsh. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pias/vol92/iss5/7 4 Tiffany et al.: Fungi of the Iowa Loess Hills

184 PROC. IOWA ACAD. SCI. 92(1985)

Mycosphaerella populorum G. E. Thompson 2,3 Geastrum fimbriatum Fr. 4 On Populus deltoides Barte. Geastrum minus (Pers.) Fischer 3,4,6,7 Mycosphaerella rubi Roark On Rubus sp. 4 Tulostoma brumale Pers. 1,3,4 Lichens Tulostoma campestre Morgan 7 Bacidia trisepta (Naeg.) Zahlbr. 2,3 Buellia parasema (Ach.) de Not. 2,3 "County sumbols: 1 = Plymouth, 2 = Woodbury, 3 = Monona, Caloplaca citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. 2,3 4 =Harrison, 5 =Pottawattamie, 6 =Mills, 7 =Fremont Caloplaca ulmorum Fink 2,3 Candelaria concolor (Dickson) B. Stein 2,3 REFERENCES Opegrapha lichenoides Pers. 2,3 Physcia setosa v. virella Bouly de Lesd. 2,3 BARNETI, H. L. and B. B. HUNTER. 1972. Illustrated genera of Physcia stellaris (L.) Nyl. 2,3 Imperfect fungi. 3rd Ed. Burgess Pub!. Co., Minneapolis, MN. Physcia syncolla Tuck. 2,3 BARR, M. E. 1978. The Diaporthales of North America; with emphasis on Deuteromycetes Gnomonia and its segregates. Mycologia Memoir No. 7, J. Cramer, Cercospora althaeina Sacc. 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