ODI Annual Report 2003/2004
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ODI Annual Report 2003/2004 Overseas Development Institute ODI is Britain's leading independent think-tank on international development and humanitarian issues. Our mission is to inspire and inform policy and practice which lead to the reduction of poverty, the alleviation of suffering and the achievement of sustainable livelihoods in developing countries. We do this by locking together high-quality applied research, practical policy advice, and policy-focused dissemination and debate. We work with partners in the public and private sectors, in both developing and developed countries. ODI's work centres on its research and policy groups and programmes: Research Groups • Humanitarian Policy • Poverty and Public Policy • Rural Policy and Governance • International Economic Development Research Programmes • Research and Policy in Development • Forest Policy and Environment • Water Policy Programme • Rights in Action • Partnership Brokers Accreditation Scheme • Development Performance of Business • European Development Cooperation ODI publishes two journals, Development Policy Review and Disasters, and manages three international networks linking researchers, policy-makers and practitioners: the Agricultural Research and Extension Network, the Rural Development Forestry Network, and the Humanitarian Practice Network. In addition, it hosts the Secretariat of The Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance in Humanitarian Action. ODI manages the ODI Fellowship Scheme, which places young economists on attachment to the governments of developing countries, and the Economic and Statistics Analysis Unit, established by the Department for International Development. As a registered charity, ODI is dependent on outside funds and is supported by grants and donations from public and private sources. Charity No. 228248, Register of Companies No. 661818 Design and layout by Pippa Leask and Peter Gee Policy Briefs edited by Barbara Gunnell Printed in the UK by Russell Press Ltd, Nottingham © Overseas Development Institute 2004 ODI Annual Report 2003/2004 ODI Annual Report 2003/2004 Contents Statement by the Chair 3 Director’s Review 4 Poverty and Public Policy 6 • Chronic poverty: a way out of the trap 7 • Behind the rhetoric: the relevance of human rights for development and humanitarian action 10 Economic and Statistics Analysis Unit 12 Research and Policy in Development 13 • Bridges across boundaries: linking research and policy in international development 13 This Annual Report covers • Bridging research and policy: the RAPID approach 14 the period April 2003 to March 2004 and was International Economic Development 16 • published in July 2004. Offshoring: opportunities and threats as services go global 18 Rural Policy and Governance 20 • Rural India learns new ways to earn its living 21 • Waiting for water 23 • Illegal logging: who gains from tighter controls? 24 • Food security: what have we learned from the Southern Africa crisis? 26 Humanitarian Policy 28 • How humanitarianism is changing 30 Public Affairs and Communications 32 ODI Fellowship Scheme 34 Finance 36 Funders 37 Publications 38 Meetings 44 Research Specialisations 45 Overseas Development Institute 111 Westminster Bridge Road London SE1 7JD, UK Telephone: +44 (0)20 7922 0300 Fax: +44 (0)20 7922 0399 [email protected] Website: www.odi.org.uk ODI Annual Report 2003/2004 1 ODI Annual Report 2003/2004 ODI Council Chair Baroness Jay Zeinab Badawi* Martin Griffiths Lydia Pretzlik Tony Baldry MP Lord Holme Salil Shetty Andrew Barnett Sir Richard Jolly Prof Frances Stewart Hugh Bayley MP Tess Kingham Lord Stone Andrew Bennett Sir Timothy Lankester* Dr Diane Stone Dominic Bruynseels Prof Michael Lipton Anuradha Vittachi Earl Cairns Sir Michael McWilliam Stewart Wallis William Day Rupert Pennant-Rea Bowen Wells Lord Desai* Avinash Persaud Baroness Janet Whitaker Larry Elliott Sharon Persaud * Stood down this year 2 Annual Report 2003/2004 Statement by the Chair The persistence of global poverty gives direction and purpose to our work at ODI – along with our determination that research should play its full part in finding and delivering solutions. We are challenged to help shape the evolving agenda and respond to it. This has been an uneasy period for those concerned with international development. During the year under review, aid funds have been diverted to Iraq’s reconstruction, and the UN’s authority has been at risk. Looking forward, however, there are more positive opportunities for action and leadership. In 2005, the UK will hold both the Chair of the G8 Group of leading industrial nations and the Presidency of the EU. The Africa Commission set up by Prime Minister Tony Blair will report. At the same time, the UN will host a large international Conference to assess progress towards its Millennium Development Goals. The ODI is already taking part in preparation for this pivotal year, but the Institute, with its partners, needs to do more to ensure that good ideas generate strategic action. ODI’s unique expertise is precisely here, at the interface of ideas and action. We demonstrated that in many ways during the year. For example, our research on the future of European Development Cooperation led us to write a series of Briefing Papers and host eight public meetings on the subject in London. These were addressed by two UK Government ministers and by senior European politicians like Chris Patten and Glenys Kinnock. In addition, and in parallel, we worked with partners around Europe to set up a collaboration with the European Association of Development Institutes which has generated a similar level of activity in Italy, Ireland, Germany, the Netherlands and many other countries. We hope that our efforts, and those of our counterparts elsewhere, will help inform and improve European decision-making in the years to come. There are other examples. I have been particularly pleased by the part played by the Humanitarian Policy Group in informing debate about Iraq, and, more recently, Sudan. Again, a combination of private briefings, published Briefing Papers, and open meetings have helped to inform and sometimes guide Parliamentarians, policy-makers and the media. In Africa, I would single out the work of the Forum on Food Security in Southern Africa, led by Elizabeth Cromwell – another excellent demonstration of the value of cross-country partnerships. ODI’s contribution is recognised internationally, and we often find ourselves called upon to provide advice or training on how to bridge research and policy. Our RAPID programme, Research and Policy in Development, led by John Young, has grown fast. I’m delighted that DFID has agreed to provide long-term support to work in this area, through a Partnership Programme Agreement, signed in May 2004. This new collaboration owes much to the hard work of Simon Maxwell and his colleagues, who have convinced the government of their vision of ODI’s invaluable think tank role. It is a vision that I, and other members of Council, enthusiastically endorse. Council has undergone its usual process of renewal, and it is both a pleasure and a duty to thank those standing down and welcome their successors. Our thanks go to Zeinab Badawi, Lord Meghnad Desai and Sir Timothy Lancaster; and we extend a warm welcome to Sharon Persaud, Lydia Pretzlik, Stewart Wallis and Baroness Janet Whitaker. In addition, I would like to thank my Deputy, Dominic Bruynseels, for his superb efforts during a year of transition on the administrative and financial side of ODI. We now have an excellent new Head of Finance and Administration, P.J. Greeves; and as the following pages show, ODI is in better financial health than for some years past. Can we continue, as our Mission Statement suggests, both to ‘inspire and inform’ development policy? I certainly believe so. ODI has never been stronger – and its contribution never more needed. Margaret Jay Annual Report 2003/2004 3 Director’s Review collective action theory to the reform of ‘There’s nothing so practical as a good theory’. Those words, by the social the UN. However, there are two other psychologist, Kurt Lewin, should be emblazoned above the door of any aspects of our work that need to be self-respecting research institute or think-tank – and, indeed, on the door highlighted. of any self-respecting development agency. multidisciplinary... The first is that development studies Researchers need theory, and so, too, do needs not just to be eclectic but to be practitioners. The reason has been well instrumentally multi-disciplinary. ODI’s expressed by Michael Ignatieff, who work illustrates that precept. In its early observed that ‘the absence of narrative of days, ODI’s staff were mostly economists. explanation erodes the ethics of Now, our 60 researchers include political engagement’. To put this another way, if scientists, sociologists, anthropologists, we want to be useful, our job as geographers, specialists in international researchers is not just to describe but to relations, natural scientists, and lawyers. explain – and that job needs theory. These different disciplines work well together when they combine their ODI understands about theory, but also theoretical and practical perspectives in that theory is subject to challenge and order to tackle specific, shared problems. change. As it happens, this is an exceptionally active period of challenge: Take, for example, our work on poorly- the ‘perestroika movement’ in political performing countries – a broad grouping science, a reaction to the dominance