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Floods in North and South Dakota Frequency and Magnitude

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Floods in North and South Dakota Frequency and Magnitude UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FLOODS IN NORTH AND SOUTH DAKOTA FREQUENCY AND MAGNITUDE By John A. McCabe and Orlo A. Crosby Prepared in cooperation with the NORTH DAKOTA STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT AND THE SOUTH DAKOTA DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAYS Open-file report Bismarck, North Dakota May 1959 DEC 15 1967 PREFACE This report was prepared by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the North Dakota State Highway Department and the South Dakota Department of Highways. The work was performed under the supervision of H. M. Erskine. District Engineer, Surface Water Branch. Water Resources Division, U. S. Geological Survey. The authors were assisted by R. E. West. Advice and review were furnished by the Floods Section. Surface Water Branch, Washington. D. C. The streamflow records used in this report were collected and compiled by the U. S. Geological Survey co­ operating with the following agencies: the North Dakota State Engineer and State Water Conservation Commission; pthe South Dakota State Engineer, State Geologist. State Fish and Game Commission, and State Water Resources Commission; the Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army; the Department of State; the Bureau of Reclamation and the Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior; the Soil Conservation Service, Department of Agriculture; and others. CONTENTS Page Page Abstract. .................. 1 Gaging-station records--Continued Introduction ................. 1 Red River of the North basin--Continued Description of the area .......... 1 Sheyenne River at West Fargo, Physiography ............ 1 N. Dak. (13). ........... 41 Climate ............... 1 Maple River at Mapleton, N. Dak. (14) . 42 Causes of floods ............. 1 Rush River at Amenia, N. Dak. (15). 42 Drainage areas. ............. 3 Buffalo River near Dilworth, Minn. (16) 42 Determination of discharge for a selected Red River of the North at Halstad, flood frequency. ............ 3 Minn. (17). ............ 43 Tributary sites (except for regulation) ... 3 Goose River near Portland, Main stems (except Souris and Missouri) . 3 N. Dak. (18). ........... 44 Souris River............... 3 Goose River at Hillsboro, N. Dak. (19), 44 Missouri River. ............. 3 Sand Hill River at Climax, Minn. (20) . 45 Regulated streams ............ 5 Red River of the North at Grand Flood-frequency analysis ........... 5 Forks, N. Dak. (21) ........ 46 Flood frequency at a gaging station..... 5 Turtle River at Manvel, N. Dak. (22) . 47 Types of series ........... 5 Red River of the North at Oslo, Plotting posisions .......... 11 Minn. (23). ............ 47 Historical data. ........... 11 Forest River near Fordville, Fitting frequency curves ....... H N. Dak. (24). ........... 48 Regional frequency analysis ........ 11 Forest River near Minto, N. Dak. (25). 48 Base period ............. 11 Forest River at Minto, N. Dak.(26) . 49 Homogeneity test. .......... 11 South Branch Park River near Park Combining records .......... 17 River, N. Dak. (27) ........ 49 Hydrologic areas. .............. 17 South Branch Park River below Area 1. ................. 17 Homme Dam, N. Dak. (28) ..... 50 Area 2 ................. 17 Park River at Grafton, N. Dak.(29). 50 Area 3 ................. 17 Red River of the North at Drayton, Area 4 ................. 17 N. Dak. (30). ........... 51 Area 5 ................. 17 Pembina River near Walhalla, N. Area 6 ................. 18 Dak. (31) ............. 52 Area 7 ................. 18 Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak. (32) . 52 Area 8 ................. 18 Tongue River at Akra, N. Dak.(33) . 53 Area 9 ................. 18 Red River of the North at Emerson, Maximum floods ............... 18 Manitoba (34) ........... 54 Limitations of report .............. 31 Long Creek near Crosby, N. Dak. (35). 55 Gaging-station records ............ 31 Souris River near Sherwood, Red River of the North basin. ....... 34 N. Dak. (36). ........... 56 Red River of the North at Wahpeton, Souris River near Foxholm, N. Dak. N. Dak. (!)£/. ........... 34 (37) ............... 57 Wild Rice River near Mantador, Des Lacs River at Foxhoim, N. Dak. N. Dak. (2). ............ 34 (38) ............... 57 Antelope Creek at Dwight, N. Dak. (3) . 35 Souris River above Minot, N. Dak. (39) 58 Wild Rice River near Abercrombie, Souris River near Verendrye, N. N. Dak. (4). ............ 35 Dak. (40) ............. 59 Red River of the North at Fargo, Wintering River near Karlsruhe, N. Dak. (5). ............ 36 N. Dak. (41). ........... 59 Sheyenne River near Harvey, N. Souris River near Towner, N. Dak. (42) 60 Dak. (6) .............. 37 Souris River near Bantry, N. Dak. (43). 61 Sheyenne River at Sheyenne, N. D.ak. (7) 38 Souris River near Westhope, N. Dak. Sheyenne River near Warwick, N. (44) ............... 62 Dak. (8) .............. 38 Minnesota River basin .......... 62 Sheyenne River near Cooperstown, Little Minnesota River near Peever, N. Dak. (9). ............ 39 S. Dak. (45). ........... 62 Sheyenne River below Baldhill Dam, Whetstone River near Big Stone City, N. Dak. (10) ............ 39 S. Dak. (46). ........... 63 Sheyenne River at Valley City, Missouri River main stem ........ 64 N. Dak. (11) ............. 40 Missouri River near Williston, N. Sheyenne River near Kindred, Dak. (47) ............. 64 N. Dak. (12) ............ 40 I/ Station number, plate 1 III IV CONTENTS Page Page Gaging-station records--Continued Gaging-station records--Continued Little Muddy Creek basin. ........ 64 Missouri River main stem. ........ 87 Little Muddy Creek near Williston, Missouri River near Mobridge, N. Dak. (48) ............ 64 S. Dak. (83) ............ 87 Little Missouri River basin. ....... 65 Moreau River basin. ........... 87 Little Missouri River near Alzada. Moreau River at Bixby, S. Dak. (84) . 87 Mont. (49) ............. 65 Moreau River near Faith, S. Dak. (85) . 88 Little Beaver Creek near Marmarth, Moreau River near Eagle Butte, N. Dak. (50) ............ 66 S. Dak. (86) ............ 89 Little Missouri River at Marmarth, Moreau River at Promise, S. Dak. (87) . 89 N. Dak. (51) ............ 67 Cheyenne River basin. .......... 91 Little Missouri River at Medora, Beaver Creek near New Castle, Wyo. N. Dak. (52) ............ 67 (88). ............... 91 Beaver Creek at Wibaux. Mont.(53). 68 Beaver Creek near Burdock, S. Dak. Little Missouri River near Watford (89). ............... 91 City, N. Dak. (54). ......... 69 Cheyenne River at Edgemont. S. Dak. Missouri River main stem ........ 70 (90). ............... 92 Missouri River near Elbowoods, Hat Creek near Edgemont, S. Dak. (91) . 92 N. Dak.(55) ............ 70 Cheyenne River near Hot Springs, Missouri River below Garrison Dam, S. Dak. (92) ............ 93 N. Dak. (56) ............ 70 Cheyenne River below Angostura Dam, Knife River basin ............ 71 S. Dak. (93) ............ 94 Knife River near Golden Valley, Fall River at Hot Springs, S. Dak.(94) . 94 N. Dak. (57) ............ 71 Beaver Creek near Buffalo Gap, Spring Creek at Zap. N. Dak. (58) . 71 S. Dak. (95) ............ 95 Knife River at Hazen, N. Dak. (59) . 72 Battle Creek at Hermosa, S. Dak. (96) . 95 Missouri River main stem ........ 72 Spring Creek near Hermosa, S. Dak. Missouri River at Bismarck, N. Dak. (97). ............... 96 (60) ................ 72 Castle Creek above Deerfield Reservoir Heart River basin ............ 73 near Hill City, S. Dak. (98) ..... 96 Heart River near South Heart, N. Dak. Castle Creek below Deerfield Dam, (61) ................ 73 S. Dak. (99) ............ 97 Heart River at Lehigh, N. Dak. (62). 74 Rapid Creek below Pactola Dam, Green River near Gladstone, N. Dak. (63) 74 S. Dak.(100). ........... 97 Heart River near Richardton, N. Rapid Creek above Canyon Lake near Dak. (64). ............. 75 Rapid City, S. Dak. (101) ...... 98 Heart River below Heart Butte Dam Rapid Creek at Rapid City, S. Dak. (102) 98 near Glen Ullin, N. Dak. (65). .... 75 Rapid Creek below Hawthorn ditch Antelope Creek near Carson, N. Dak. at Rapid City, S. Dak. (103) ..... 99 (66) ................ 76 Rapid Creek below Little Giant ditch Muddy Creek near Almont, N. Dak. (67). 76 near Rapid City, S. Dak. (104). .100 Heart River near Lark, N. Dak. (68) . 77 Rapid Creek at Caputa, S. Dak. (105). .100 Sweetbriar Creek near Judson, Rapid Creek near Farmingdale, N. Dak. (69) ............ 77 S. Dak. (106). ........... 101 Heart River near Mandan, N. Dak. (70) . 78 Cheyenne River near Wasta, Apple Creek basin. ........... 79 S. Dak. (107). ........... 101 Apple Creek near Menoken, N. Dak. (71). 79 Elk Creek near Elm Springs, Cannonball River basin. ......... 79 S. Dak. (108). ........... 102 Cannonball River at Regent, N. Dak. (72). 79 Belle Fourche River at Wyoming- Cannonball River below Bentley, South Dakota State line (109). .103 N. Dak. (73) ............ 80 Spearfish Creek at Spearfish, Cedar Creek near Haynes, N. Dak. (74) . 80 S. Dak. (110). ........... 103 Cedar Creek near Pretty Rock, Redwater Creek above Belle Fourche, N. Dak.(75) ............ 81 S. Dak. (111). .......... .104 Cannonball River at Breien, N. Dak. (76). 81 Belle Fourche River near Belle Beaver Creek basin ........... 83 Fourche, S. Dak. (112) ...... .104 Beaver Creek at Linton, N. Dak. (77) . 83 Belle Fourche River near Fruitdale, Grand River basin. ........... 83 S. Dak. (113). ........... 105 North Fork Grand River at Haley, Belle Fourche River near Sturgis, N. Dak. (78) ............ 83 S. Dak. (114). ........... 105 North Fork Grand River near White Bear Butte Creek near Sturgis, Butte, S. Dak. (79) ......'... 84 S. Dak. (115). ..........
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