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Pritchard, M. E., de Silva, S. L., Michelfelder, G., Zandt, G., McNutt, S. R., Gottsmann, J., West, M. E., Blundy, J., Christensen, D. H., Finnegan, N. J., Minaya, E., Sparks, R. S. J., Sunagua, M., Unsworth, M. J., Alvizuri, C., Comeau, M. J., del Potro, R., Díaz, D., Diez, M., ... Ward, K. M. (2018). Synthesis: PLUTONS: Investigating the relationship between pluton growth and volcanism in the Central Andes. Geosphere, 14(3), 954-982. https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01578.1 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record License (if available): CC BY-NC Link to published version (if available): 10.1130/GES01578.1 Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared online via Geo Science World at https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01578.1 . Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ Research Paper THEMED ISSUE: PLUTONS: Investigating the Relationship between Pluton Growth and Volcanism in the Central Andes GEOSPHERE Synthesis: PLUTONS: Investigating the relationship between pluton growth and volcanism in the Central Andes GEOSPHERE; v. 14, no. 3 M.E. Pritchard1,2, S.L. de Silva3, G. Michelfelder4, G. Zandt5, S.R. McNutt6, J. Gottsmann2, M.E. West7, J. Blundy2, D.H. -
Seasonal Patterns of Atmospheric Mercury in Tropical South America As Inferred by a Continuous Total Gaseous Mercury Record at Chacaltaya Station (5240 M) in Bolivia
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3447–3472, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3447-2021 © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Seasonal patterns of atmospheric mercury in tropical South America as inferred by a continuous total gaseous mercury record at Chacaltaya station (5240 m) in Bolivia Alkuin Maximilian Koenig1, Olivier Magand1, Paolo Laj1, Marcos Andrade2,7, Isabel Moreno2, Fernando Velarde2, Grover Salvatierra2, René Gutierrez2, Luis Blacutt2, Diego Aliaga3, Thomas Reichler4, Karine Sellegri5, Olivier Laurent6, Michel Ramonet6, and Aurélien Dommergue1 1Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France 2Laboratorio de Física de la Atmósfera, Instituto de Investigaciones Físicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia 3Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland 4Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA 5Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, UMR 6016, Clermont-Ferrand, France 6Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE-IPSL (CEA-CNRS-UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 7Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA Correspondence: Alkuin Maximilian Koenig ([email protected]) Received: 22 September 2020 – Discussion started: 28 October 2020 Revised: 20 January 2021 – Accepted: 21 January 2021 – Published: 5 March 2021 Abstract. High-quality atmospheric mercury (Hg) data are concentrations were linked to either westerly Altiplanic air rare for South America, especially for its tropical region. As a masses or those originating from the lowlands to the south- consequence, mercury dynamics are still highly uncertain in east of CHC. -
Petrologia De Las Erupciones Del 2006 Del Volcan T
DELIMITACIÓN DE LAS ZONAS DE INUNDACIÓN POR LAHARES EN EL ÁREA DEL COMPLEJO VOLCÁNICO AMPATO-SABANCAYA (AREQUIPA) Nina BELLOT1,2,3, Pablo SAMANIEGO1,2,3, Jersy MARIÑO3, Marco RIVERA3, Willy URBINA3 1 Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS, IRD, 5, rue Kessler, F-63038 Clermont-Ferrand, Francia 2 IRD, Teruel 357, Miraflores, Lima 18, Perú ([email protected]) 3 INGEMMET, Dirección de Geología Ambiental y Riesgo Geológico. Av. Dolores (Urb. Las Begonias B-3), J.L. Bustamante y Rivero, Arequipa, Perú INTRODUCCIÓN El Complejo Volcánico Ampato-Sabancaya (CVAS) está localizado a 60 km al NO de la ciudad de Arequipa (Fig. 1), fue construido durante el Pleistoceno sobre los remanentes de un complejo volcánico más antiguo, el Hualca Hualca (6025 msnm) ubicado al norte, entre el CVAS y valle del río Colca. Este grupo volcánico está cubierto por un importante casquete glaciar, que según Alcalá (2007) cubriría una superficie total (para los tres edificios volcánicos, Sabancaya, Ampato y Hualca Hualca) de 13.7 km2 y tendría un volumen de 1.7 m3 (Fig. 2). El Sabancaya (5980 msnm) constituye la parte joven y activa del complejo volcánico, mientras que el Ampato (6280 msnm) es un estratovolcán compuesto que constituye la parte más antigua del complejo, construida durante el Pleistoceno superior. El Sabancaya es uno de los 7 volcanes activos del arco peruano (Siebert et al., 2010), cuyo último episodio eruptivo ocurrió entre 1988 y 1997 (Gerbe y Thouret, 2004). Dentro del marco del convenio de cooperación existente entre el INGEMMET y el Instituto Francés de Investigación para el Desarrollo (IRD), se está realizando un estudio integral de este complejo volcánico que incluye la evolución geológica y petrológica del complejo (Rivera et al., 2012), así como la evaluación de los peligros volcánicos (Mariño et al., 2012). -
Scale Deformation of Volcanic Centres in the Central Andes
letters to nature 14. Shannon, R. D. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides of 1–1.5 cm yr21 (Fig. 2). An area in southern Peru about 2.5 km and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallogr. A 32, 751–767 (1976). east of the volcano Hualca Hualca and 7 km north of the active 15. Hansen, M. (ed.) Constitution of Binary Alloys (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1958). 21 16. Emsley, J. (ed.) The Elements (Clarendon, Oxford, 1994). volcano Sabancaya is inflating with U LOS of about 2 cm yr . A third 21 17. Tanaka, H., Takahashi, I., Kimura, M. & Sobukawa, H. in Science and Technology in Catalysts 1994 (eds inflationary source (with ULOS ¼ 1cmyr ) is not associated with Izumi, Y., Arai, H. & Iwamoto, M.) 457–460 (Kodansya-Elsevier, Tokyo, 1994). a volcanic edifice. This third source is located 11.5 km south of 18. Tanaka, H., Tan, I., Uenishi, M., Kimura, M. & Dohmae, K. in Topics in Catalysts (eds Kruse, N., Frennet, A. & Bastin, J.-M.) Vols 16/17, 63–70 (Kluwer Academic, New York, 2001). Lastarria and 6.8 km north of Cordon del Azufre on the border between Chile and Argentina, and is hereafter called ‘Lazufre’. Supplementary Information accompanies the paper on Nature’s website Robledo caldera, in northwest Argentina, is subsiding with U (http://www.nature.com/nature). LOS of 2–2.5 cm yr21. Because the inferred sources are more than a few kilometres deep, any complexities in the source region are damped Acknowledgements such that the observed surface deformation pattern is smooth. -
Dirección De Preparación Cepig
DIRECCIÓN DE PREPARACIÓN CEPIG INFORME DE POBLACIÓN EXPUESTA ANTE CAÍDA DE CENIZAS Y GASES, PRODUCTO DE LA ACTIVIDAD DEL VOLCÁN UBINAS PARA ADOPTAR MEDIDAS DE PREPARACIÓN Fuente: La República ABRIL, 2015 1 INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE DEFENSA CIVIL (INDECI) CEPIG Informe de población expuesta ante caída de cenizas y gases, producto de la actividad del volcán Ubinas para adoptar medidas de preparación. Instituto Nacional de Defensa Civil. Lima: INDECI. Dirección de Preparación, 2015. Calle Dr. Ricardo Angulo Ramírez Nº 694 Urb. Corpac, San Isidro Lima-Perú, San Isidro, Lima Perú. Teléfono: (511) 2243600 Sitio web: www.indeci.gob.pe Gral. E.P (r) Oscar Iparraguirre Basauri Director de Preparación del INDECI Ing. Juber Ruiz Pahuacho Coordinador del CEPIG - INDECI Equipo Técnico CEPIG: Lic. Silvia Passuni Pineda Lic. Beneff Zuñiga Cruz Colaboradores: Pierre Ancajima Estudiante de Ing. Geológica 2 I. JUSTIFICACIÓN En el territorio nacional existen alrededor de 400 volcanes, la mayoría de ellos no presentan actividad. Los volcanes activos se encuentran hacia el sur del país en las regiones de Arequipa, Moquegua y Tacna, en parte de la zona volcánica de los Andes (ZVA), estos son: Coropuna, Valle de Andagua, Hualca Hualca, Sabancaya, Ampato, Misti en la Región Arequipa; Ubinas, Ticsani y Huaynaputina en la región Moquegua, y el Yucamani y Casiri en la región Tacna. El Volcán Ubinas es considerado el volcán más activo que tiene el Perú. Desde el año 1550, se han registrado 24 erupciones aprox. (Rivera, 2010). Estos eventos se presentan como emisiones intensas de gases y ceniza precedidos, en algunas oportunidades, de fuertes explosiones. Los registros históricos señalan que el Volcán Ubinas ha presentado un Índice máximo de Explosividad Volcánica (IEV) (Newhall & Self, 1982) de 3, considerado como moderado a grande. -
Source Model for Sabancaya Volcano Constrained by Dinsar and GNSS Surface Deformation Observation
remote sensing Article Source Model for Sabancaya Volcano Constrained by DInSAR and GNSS Surface Deformation Observation Gregorio Boixart 1, Luis F. Cruz 2,3 , Rafael Miranda Cruz 2, Pablo A. Euillades 4, Leonardo D. Euillades 4 and Maurizio Battaglia 5,6,* 1 Instituto de Estudios Andinos, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina; [email protected] 2 Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Geofísica, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru; [email protected] (L.F.C.); [email protected] (R.M.C.) 3 Observatorio Vulcanológico del INGEMMET, Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico, Arequipa 04001, Peru 4 Facultad de Ingeniería, Instituto CEDIAC & CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza M5502JMA, Argentina; [email protected] (P.A.E.); [email protected] (L.D.E.) 5 US Geological Survey, Volcano Disaster Assistance Program, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA 6 Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 23 April 2020; Accepted: 3 June 2020; Published: 8 June 2020 Abstract: Sabancaya is the most active volcano of the Ampato-Sabancaya Volcanic Complex (ASVC) in southern Perú and has been erupting since 2016. The analysis of ascending and descending Sentinel-1 orbits (DInSAR) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) datasets from 2014 to 2019 imaged a radially symmetric inflating area, uplifting at a rate of 35 to 50 mm/yr and centered 5 km north of Sabancaya. The DInSAR and GNSS data were modeled independently. We inverted the DInSAR data to infer the location, depth, and volume change of the deformation source. -
Application of INSAR Interferometry and Geodetic Surveys for Monitoring Andean Volcanic Activity : First Results from ASAR-ENVISAT Data
6th International Symposi um on Andean Geodynamics (ISAG 2005, Barcelona), Extended Abstracts: 115-118 Application of INSAR interferometry and geodetic surveys for monitoring Andean volcanic activity : First results from ASAR-ENVISAT data S. Bonvalot (1,2,4), J.-L. Froger (1,3,4), D. Rémy (1,2,4), K. Bataille (5), V. Cayol (3), J. Clavera (6), D. Comte (4), G. Gabalda (1,2,4), K. Gonzales (7), L. Lara (6), D. Legrand (4), O. Macedo (8), J. Naranjo (6), P. Mothes (9), A. Pavez (1,10), & C. Robin (1,3,4) (1) IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement) - [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ; (2) UMR5563 Toulouse, France; (3) UMR6524 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (4) Deptos de Geofisica / Geologia, Facultad de Ciensas y Matematicas, Universidad de Chile , Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago, Chile ; (5) Universidad de Concepcion, Chile; (6) SERNAGEOMIN, Santiago, Chile ; (7) CON IDA, Lima, Perù, (8) Instituto Geofisico dei Perù, Arequipa, Perù ; (9) Instituto Geofisico, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador ; (10) Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Lab. de Gravimétrie et Géodynamique KEYWORDS : Radar interferometry, geodetic surveys, ground deformations, Andes, volcanoes INTRODUCTION Within the last few years, several SAR interferometry studies mostly based on ERS-IIERS-2 radar data have been conducted to monitor the volcanic deformations along the South American volcanic arc. They allowed a first evaluation of the potentialities of INSAR imaging in the northern, central and southern volcanic zones (respectively NVZ, CVZ and SVZ) as weil as the first quantitative satellite measurements of volcanic unrest since the initial launch of ERS-l satellite (1992) to nowdays. -
Glacier Evolution in the South West Slope of Nevado Coropuna
Glacier evolution in the South West slope of Nevado Coropuna (Cordillera Ampato, Perú) Néstor Campos Oset Master Project Master en Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica (TIG) Universidad Complutense de Madrid Director: Prof. David Palacios (UCM) Departamento de Análisis Geográfico Regional y Geografía Física Grupo de Investigación en Geografía Física de Alta Montaña (GFAM) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to gratefully and sincerely thank Dr. David Palacios for his help and guidance during the realization of this master thesis. I would also like to thank Dr. José Úbeda for his assistance and support. Thanks to GFAM-GEM for providing materials used for the analysis. And last but not least, a special thanks to my family, for their encouragement during this project and their unwavering support in all that I do. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................... 4 1.1 Geographic settings ................................................................................................ 4 1.2 Geologic settings .................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Climatic setting....................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Glacier hazards ..................................................................................................... 10 1.5 Glacier evolution ................................................................................................. -
GEOLOGY AS a WAY of TURISM PROMOTION.Pdf
ENERGY AND MINES SECTOR TheSPECIAL of the Month GEOLOGICAL, MINING AND METALLURGICAL INSTITUTE Since 2006, the Geological, Mining and Metallurgical Institute - INGEMMET has the "Heritage and Geotourism" project. It promotes the conservation and enhancement of different areas across the country with a high geological value. 1 TOURIST ATTRACTIONS PROMOTED Paracas National Reserve BY INGEMMET It is located 250 kilometers south of Lima, Ica Marcahuasi Region. It is one of the few places where you can see remains of an ancient mountain It is a volcanic plateau located in the town of range with rocks over 400 million years old in eotourism makes reference to a type of G San Pedro de Casta, at 3 185 meters above strata and with plant remains, rocks with sustainable tourism. It aims to highlight the sea level on the left bank of the Santa Eulalia fossils from marine environments. There are geological diversity (geodiversity) and then river basin, and 80 kilometers east of Lima. 25 geosites inventoried by INGEMMET. the geological heritage (geoheritage) of a The geoforms of the Marcahuasi rock forest The geological information in the guide certain territory. Also, to promote the are the result of the effects of rain, snow, ice, elaborated by INGEMMET served as a script conservation of its resources heat and wind. They all molded diverse forms for the current Interpretation Center in the (geoconservation) and education in earth GEOLOGICAL in the volcanic deposits. In this way, it allows reserve, as well as for the signage of some sciences (geoeducation) which develops the visitor to imagine the strangest and most geosites such as La Catedral, Playa La Mina, awareness among the people. -
G5 Mysteries Mummy Kids.Pdf
QXP-985166557.qxp 12/8/08 10:00 AM Page 2 This book is dedicated to Tanya Dean, an editor of extraordinary talents; to my daughters, Kerry and Vanessa, and their cousins Doug Acknowledgments and Jessica, who keep me wonderfully “weird;” to the King Family I would like to acknowledge the invaluable assistance of some of the foremost of Kalamazoo—a minister mom, a radical dad, and two of the cutest mummy experts in the world in creating this book and making it as accurate girls ever to visit a mummy; and to the unsung heroes of free speech— as possible, from a writer’s (as opposed to an expert’s) point of view. Many librarians who battle to keep reading (and writing) a broad-based thanks for the interviews and e-mails to: proposition for ALL Americans. I thank and salute you all. —KMH Dr. Johan Reinhard Dario Piombino-Mascali Dr. Guillermo Cock Dr. Elizabeth Wayland Barber Julie Scott Dr. Victor H. Mair Mandy Aftel Dr. Niels Lynnerup Dr. Johan Binneman Clare Milward Dr. Peter Pieper Dr. Douglas W. Owsley Also, thank you to Dr. Zahi Hawass, Heather Pringle, and James Deem for Mysteries of the Mummy Kids by Kelly Milner Halls. Text copyright their contributions via their remarkable books, and to dozens of others by © 2007 by Kelly Milner Halls. Reprinted by permission of Lerner way of their professional publications in print and online. Thank you. Publishing Group. -KMH PHOTO CREDITS | 5: Mesa Verde mummy © Denver Public Library, Western History Collection, P-605. 7: Chinchero Ruins © Jorge Mazzotti/Go2peru.com. -
Origin of Andradite in the Quaternary Volcanic Andahua Group, Central Volcanic Zone, Peruvian Andes
Mineralogy and Petrology (2021) 115:257–269 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-021-00744-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Origin of andradite in the Quaternary volcanic Andahua Group, Central Volcanic Zone, Peruvian Andes Andrzej Gałaś1 & Jarosław Majka2,3 & Adam Włodek2 Received: 21 March 2020 /Accepted: 17 February 2021 / Published online: 13 March 2021 # The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Euhedral andradite crystals were found in trachyandesitic (latitic) lavas of the volcanic Andahua Group (AG) in the Central Andes. The AG comprises around 150 volcanic centers, most of wich are monogenetic. The studied andradite is complexly zoned (enriched in Ca and Al in its core and mantle, and in Fe in this compositionally homogenous rim). The core-mantle regions contain inclusions of anhydrite, halite, S- and Cl-bearing silicate glass, quartz, anorthite, wollastonite magnetite and clinopyroxene. The chemical compositions of the garnet and its inclusions suggest their contact metamorphic to pyrometamorphic origin. The observed zoning pattern and changes in the type and abundance of inclusions are indicative of an abrupt change in temperature and subsequent devolatilization of sulfates and halides during the garnet growth. This process is interpreted to have taken place entirely within a captured xenolith of evaporite-bearing wall rock in the host trachyandesitic magma. The devolitilization of sediments, especially sulfur-bearing phases, may have resulted in occasional but voluminous emissions of gases and may be regarded as a potential hazard associated with the AG volcanism. Keywords Andradite . Contact metamorphism . Contamination . Volcanoes . Andahua Group . Andes Introduction conditions and the tectonic environments in which they were formed (e.g., Spear 1993; Baxter et al. -
Geología Y Evaluación De Peligros Del Complejo Volcánico Ampato - Sabancaya (Arequipa)
INGEMMET, Boletín Serie C: Geodinámica e Ingeniería Geológica N° 61 Geología y Evaluación de Peligros del Complejo Volcánico Ampato - Sabancaya (Arequipa) Dirección de Geología Ambiental y Riesgo Geológico Equipo de Investigación: Marco Rivera Porras Jersy Mariño Salazar Pablo Samaniego Eguiguren Rosmery Delgado Ramos Nélida Manrique Llerena Lima, Perú 2016 INGEMMET, Boletín Serie C: Geodinámica e Ingeniería Geológica N° 61 Hecho el Depósito Legal en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú N° 2016-02774 ISSN 1560-9928 Razón Social: Instituto Geológico, Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET) Domicilio: Av. Canadá N° 1470, San Borja, Lima, Perú Primera Edición, INGEMMET 2016 Se terminó de imprimir el 29 de febrero del año 2016 en los talleres de INGEMMET. © INGEMMET Derechos Reservados. Prohibida su reproducción Presidenta del Consejo Directivo: Susana Vilca Secretario General: César Rubio Comité Editor: Lionel Fídel, Agapito Sánchez, Oscar Pastor Dirección encargada del estudio: Dirección de Geología Ambiental y Riesgo Geológico Unidad encargada de edición: Unidad de Relaciones Institucionales Corrección Geocientífica: Pablo Samaniego (IRD), Agapito Sánchez, Mirian Mamani Corrección gramatical y de estilo: María del Carmen La Torre Diagramación: Zoila Solis Fotografía de la carátula: Sector Collpa, flanco suroeste del Ampato (tomado de: Rosmery Delgado) Referencia bibliográfica Rivera, M.; Mariño, J.; Samaniego, P.; Delgado, R. & Manrique, N. (2015). Geologia y evaluación de peligros del complejo volcánico Ampato - Sabancaya (Arequipa), INGEMMET. Boletín, Serie C: Geodinámica e Ingeniería Geológica, 61, 122 p., 2 mapas. Publicación disponible en libre acceso en la página web (www.ingemmet.gob.pe). La utilización, traducción y creación de obras derivadas de la presente publicación están autorizadas, a condición de que se cite la fuente original ya sea contenida en medio impreso o digital (GEOCATMIN - http://geocatmin.ingemmet.gob.pe).