DOCSLIB.ORG

Annual Report for 2016

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Annual Report for 2016 annual report 2016 People Governing Board 10 Introduction Scientific Advisory Board 11 Group Listings 12–27 Letter from the Director 4–5 Other Staff 28–29 CQT at a glance 6–7 Alumni 30–31 Introducing our new Chairman 32–33 Projects in focus Are quantum machines better than 46–49 classical ones? News When QCMC came to town 50–53 Security in the age of quantum 54–56 CONTENTS News in brief 36–39 computing Science updates 40–43 What do the data tell us? 57–59 University arts festival takes 60–61 quantum flavour Listings Industry collaboration Education Papers 76–81 From research to the real world 64–65 Earn a PhD at CQT 70–71 Events 82–83 Future-ready cybersecurity 66–67 What comes next? 72–73 Outreach 84–85 On the cover for Singtel On the front, CQT student Nguyen Chi Huan peers into an Visitors 86–87 apparatus that can isolate and trap a single atom between A quantum random number 67 Money Matters 88–89 two mirrors. The goal is to make single photons interact generator with the atom. Such atom-photon interfaces could be a Supporters 90 building block for quantum computers, with the trapped atoms doing logic on information-carrying photons. The back photo shows a CQT lab in perspective. drafting policies for our new centre. I shall LETTER FROM not tell you any anecdotes about them, for they are very serious people today, but they stayed in touch, showing a genuine interest THE DIRECTOR in our work. The two of them redefined for me the meaning of civil service. The annual report introductions I have been One narrative leads us to the corridors of writing for the last nine years follow a well- power. The year was 2000 and Tony Tan, at Or perhaps I can tell you a story about an established pattern. I write a few opening the time Deputy Prime Minister and Minister outreach event, during which Christian sentences, bits and pieces about the for Defence, took a personal interest in Kurtsiefer explained the magic of quantum research I found exciting, something about the Millennium Conference on Frontiers interference to a Singaporean boy. The glow outreach, contacts with industry, VIP visits, in Science, at which I gave an overview of thoughtful curiosity emanating from his face an occasional joke, and a word or two about of quantum computation. My subsequent made a big impact on me. At this moment, I the future. There are many accomplishments I meeting with Tony Tan and a long over-dinner understood that no matter how many ground- could write about this year too; however, allow conversation left me confused. I was not breaking papers, patents and quantum me to deviate from my usual pattern. used to politicians talking in an intelligent contraptions we produce, there would be and persuasive way about big problems that another legacy. We can shape how the next As we approach our tenth anniversary, I would science can address. generation sees and understands the world, like to offer a few, more personal, remarks on how they solve problems and how they will how CQT happened. I can refer you to the Another narrative takes us to the hawker make good use of quantum technologies. rest of this report for details of our new results, stalls and Indian eateries that I frequented projects and people, while I turn the clock with Kwek Leong Chuan and Kuldip Singh, I can tell many more stories, big and small, back. I'd like to share some memories I first talking mostly about quantum physics. funny and sentimental, but none of them give recalled for the book 50 Years of Science in Their enthusiasm for this emerging field was a truly comprehensive answer to the question Singapore (World Scientific, 2017). contagious. The journal club they ran brought of how it all happened. It just happened and I together faculty members, including Lai Choy am so glad that it happened, for I truly believe 2016 felt like the end of an era when Lam Heng, Oh Choo Hiap and Tan Eng Chye, who we were given an opportunity to create Chuan Leong, a distinguished civil servant despite heavy admin duties, found time to something exceptional. before his retirement, stepped down as discuss science. Chair of our Governing Board. His help was It is heartening to have the incoming Chair invaluable. Building expertise here in quantum Then I can tell a story about Chan Chui Theng, of our Governing Board, Singapore’s Chief technologies required strategic decisions. He a brave woman who decided to risk her job Defence Scientist Quek Gim Pew, describe was always available to discuss them with me security to offer temporary administrative CQT as "a jewel in Singapore's R&D and nudge me in the right direction. support (now in its tenth year) to a wacky ang landscape" (see pp. 32–33). We welcome his moh talking quantum mumbo-jumbo, and also help as we do our best to keep CQT sparkling. There is no narrative, simple or embellished, about her assistant, Evon Tan, who from day that can capture the pioneering spirit of the one defied causality (things got done before days when Singapore took the first step anyone asked for them). towards becoming a quantum island. It happened in a truly quantum fashion, in more Yet another narrative must include a than one way. wonderful duo from the Ministry of Education, Benny Lee and Perry Lim, who spent days 4 Centre for Quantum Technologies Annual Report 2016 5 The Centre for Quantum Technologies is a national Research Centre of Excellence in Singapore. It brings together quantum physicists and computer scientists to conduct interdisciplinary research into the foundations of quantum theory and the ways quantum physics enables new technologies. CQT The Centre was established in December 2007 with support from Singapore’s National Research CQT scientists are pushing the frontiers of human knowledge Foundation and Ministry of Education. CQT is and the future of technology. This AT A GLANCE hosted by the National University of Singapore massive experiment controls tiny (NUS). The Centre also has staff at Nanyang quantum systems, positioning ultracold atoms close to the Technological University (NTU) and Singapore surface of superconducting circuits University of Technology and Design (SUTD). measuring less than one millimeter across. A goal of this project led by CQT's Rainer Dumke is to transfer information between the atoms and circuits. Staff numbers Staff nationalities Budget overview Publications 7,132,726 15 40% Manpower Research 19 Asia 31 Assistants/ Principal Associates Investigators 0 < IF < 2 5% UK 1,169,352 9 N/A 4% USA 40 27 Equipments Postdocs Admin, IT Others & Research 3% IF > 10 Support 13 2% Oceania 109 4,558,050 2 < IF < 5 Other Operating Expenditure 64% 22% Core 37 Singapore 24% 5 < IF < 10 53 Europe Postgraduate students 36% Count of CQT NUS staff Nationalities of all Spending over the Publications – External as of 31 December 2016. research staff, admin 2016 calendar year. during 2016 by In addition, the Centre staff and students See pp. 88–89 for journal impact has 18 visiting staff. employed in 2016. details. factor (IF). 6 Centre for Quantum Technologies Annual Report 2016 7 PEOPLE Meet the people behind the Centre's achievements SCIENTIFIC GOVERNING ADVISORY BOARD BOARD Quek Gim Pew (Chairman) Artur Ekert George Loh Ignacio Cirac Umesh Vazirani • Chief Defence Scientist, Ministry of Defence • Director, Centre for Quantum Technologies • Director (Programmes Directorate), National • Director, Head of Theory Division, Max- • Director, Berkeley Quantum Computation • Lee Kong Chian Centennial Professor, Research Foundation, Singapore Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Center (BQIC), Computer Science Division, Serguei Beloussov National University of Singapore College of Engineering, UC Berkeley • CEO, Acronis • Professor of Quantum Physics, Lui Pao Chuen Atac Imamoglu • Senior Founding Partner, Quantum Wave University of Oxford • Advisor, National Research Foundation, • Head of Research, Quantum Photonics Jun Ye Capital Singapore Group, Institute of Quantum Electronics, • JILA and NIST Fellow, University of Colorado • Senior Founding Partner, Runa Capital Ho Teck Hua ETH Zurich and National Institute of Standards and • Chairman of the Board and Chief Architect, • Tan Chin Tuan Centennial Professor and Tan Eng Chye Technology Parallels Deputy President (Research and Technology), • Deputy President (Academic Affairs) and Gerard Milburn • Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Russian National University of Singapore Provost, National University of Singapore • Director, Centre for Engineered Quantum Quantum Center Systems, University of Queensland Benjamin Koh Tan Sze Wee Nicholas Bigelow • Divisional Director, Higher Education Policy • Executive Director, Science and Engineering Michele Mosca • Professor of Optics, The Institute of Optics, Division and Divisional Director, Higher Research Council, A*STAR • Deputy Director and Co-founder, Institute University of Rochester Education Operations Division, Ministry of for Quantum Computing, University of Education, Singapore Changes to the Governing Board in 2016 Waterloo Chang Yew Kong • Quek Gim Pew replaced Lam Chuan Leong as • Chairman, Industry Advisory Committee Alternate: Mr Vincent Wu Chair in November. Christophe Salomon (Information and Communications • Senior Deputy Director, Higher Education • Benjamin Koh replaced John Lim as representative • Research Director, Laboratoire Kastler Technology), Singapore Institute of Policy, Ministry of Education, Singapore from MOE in September. Brossel, CNRS Technology • Vincent Wu replaced Lee May Gee as alternate representative from MOE in August. 10 Centre for Quantum Technologies Annual Report 2016 11 Alex's group is building Christian's group compact and rugged "One of our publications was picked up by a popular implements quantum optical entanglement science news outlet and shared over 1000 times on information building systems for experiments Facebook. It seems that people care about the fate of blocks with photons and GROUPS including a satellite- atoms, with expertise in Experimental Physics borne test.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Programm 5 Layout 1
    SPONSORS Pauli Center for Theoretical Studies QAP European Project PAULI CENTER for Theoretical Studies Sandia National Laboratories The Swiss National Science Foundation Institute for Quantum Computing ETH Zurich (Computer Science and Physics Department) id Quantique Quantum Science and Technology (ETH) CQT Singapore VENUE W-LAN ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, CH-8092 Zürich 1. Check available WLAN’s Main building / Hauptgebäude 2. Connect to WLAN „public“ Conference Helpline 0041 (0)79 770 84 29 3. Open browser 4.Login at welcome page with Login: qip2010 Password: 2010qipconf Main entrance FLOOR E Registration/Information desk Poster session Computer room E 26.3 Main entrance Registration desk Information Computer room E 26.3 Poster session 1 FLOOR E. 0 Poster session FLOOR F Auditorium F 5: Tutorial (January 15 – 17, 2010) Auditorium maximum F 30: Scientific programme (January 18 – 22, 2010) F 33.1: Congress-Office, F 33.2: Cloak room Foyer and “Uhrenhalle”: Coffee breaks, Poster session Auditorium Maximum F 30 Scientific programmme January 18 – 22, 2010 F 33.1: Congress-Office Foyer: F 33.2 Cloak room Coffee breaks Poster session Auditorium F 5 Tutorial January 15 – 17, 2010 Uhrenhalle: Coffee breaks 2 RUMP SESSION StuZ, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 6, CH-8092 Zürich CAB Building room No. CAB F21 to CAB F27 18.30 – 23.00 h (January 20, 2010) Entry ETH CAB Building ETH Main Building 3 CONFERENCE DINNER Thursday, January 21, 2010, 19.00h Restaurant Lake Side Bellerivestrasse 170 CH-8008 Zürich Phone: +41 (0) 44 385 86 00 Directions from ETH main building • (Tram No. 9 to “Bellevue” (direction “Triemli”).
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum Communication, Sensing and Measurement in Space
    Quantum Communication, Sensing and Measurement in Space Study start date: June 25, 2012 Study end date: December 14, 2012 Final Report submission date: December 14, 2012 Team Leads: Baris I. Erkmen Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology [email protected] Jeffrey H. Shapiro Massachusetts Institute of Technology [email protected] Keith Schwab California Institute of Technology [email protected] © 2012. All rights reserved. 2 Core Participants of Study Program and Co-authors Name Affiliation E-mail 1 Adhikari, Rana California Institute of [email protected] Technology 2 Aspelmeyer, University of Vienna [email protected] Markus 3 Baumgartel, University of Southern [email protected] Lukas California 4 Birnbaum, Kevin Jet Propulsion [email protected] Laboratory 5 Boroson, Don MIT Lincoln Laboratory [email protected] 6 Caves, Carlton University of New [email protected] Mexico 7 Chen, Yanbei California Institute of [email protected] Technology 8 Combes, Joshua University of New [email protected] Mexico 9 Dixon, Ben Massachusetts [email protected] Institute of Technology 10 Dolinar, Sam Jet Propulsion [email protected] Laboratory 11 Durkin, Gabriel NASA Ames Research [email protected] Center 12 Erkmen, Baris Jet Propulsion [email protected] Laboratory 13 Giovannetti, Scuola Normale [email protected] Vittorio Superiore 14 Guha, Saikat Raytheon BBN [email protected] Technologies 15 Hindi, Munther NASA SCaN/ASRC [email protected] 16 Hughes, Richard Los Alamos
    [Show full text]
  • Receiver Operating Characteristics for a Prototype Quantum Two-Mode Squeezing Radar David Luong, C
    IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS 1 Receiver Operating Characteristics for a Prototype Quantum Two-Mode Squeezing Radar David Luong, C. W. Sandbo Chang, A. M. Vadiraj, Anthony Damini, Senior Member, IEEE, C. M. Wilson, and Bhashyam Balaji, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract—We have built and evaluated a prototype quantum shows improved parameter estimation at high SNR compared radar, which we call a quantum two-mode squeezing radar to conventional radars, but perform worse at low SNR. The lat- (QTMS radar), in the laboratory. It operates solely at microwave ter is one of the most promising approaches because quantum frequencies; there is no downconversion from optical frequencies. Because the signal generation process relies on quantum mechan- information theory suggests that such a radar would outper- ical principles, the system is considered to contain a quantum- form an “optimum” classical radar in the low-SNR regime. enhanced radar transmitter. This transmitter generates a pair of Quantum illumination makes use of a phenomenon called entangled microwave signals and transmits one of them through entanglement, which is in effect a strong type of correlation, free space, where the signal is measured using a simple and to distinguish between signal and noise. The standard quantum rudimentary receiver. At the heart of the transmitter is a device called a Josephson illumination protocol can be summarized as follows: generate parametric amplifier (JPA), which generates a pair of entangled two entangled pulses of light, send one of them toward a target, signals called two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) at 6.1445 and perform a simultaneous measurement on the echo and the GHz and 7.5376 GHz.
    [Show full text]
  • Secure Communication Via Quantum Illumination
    Secure communication via quantum illumination The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Shapiro, Jeffrey H., Zheshen Zhang, and Franco N. C. Wong. “Secure Communication via Quantum Illumination.” Quantum Information Processing 13.10 (2014): 2171–2193. As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11128-013-0662-1 Publisher Springer US Version Author's final manuscript Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103793 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Quantum Information Processing manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Secure Communication via Quantum Illumination Jeffrey H. Shapiro · Zheshen Zhang · Franco N. C. Wong Received: date / Accepted: date Abstract In the quantum illumination (QI) protocol for secure communication, Alice prepares entangled signal and idler beams via spontaneous parametric down- conversion. She sends the signal beam to Bob, while retaining the idler. Bob im- poses message modulation on the beam he receives from Alice, amplifies it, and sends it back to her. Alice then decodes Bob’s information by making a joint quan- tum measurement on the light she has retained and the light she has received from him. The basic performance analysis for this protocol—which demonstrates its im- munity to passive eavesdropping, in which Eve can only listen to Alice and Bob’s transmissions—is reviewed, along with the results of its first proof-of-principle ex- periment. Further analysis is then presented, showing that secure data rates in excess of 1 Gbps may be possible over 20-km-long fiber links with technology that is available or under development.
    [Show full text]
  • Complexity Theory and Its Applications in Linear Quantum
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2016 Complexity Theory and its Applications in Linear Quantum Optics Jonathan Olson Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons Recommended Citation Olson, Jonathan, "Complexity Theory and its Applications in Linear Quantum Optics" (2016). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 2302. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2302 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. COMPLEXITY THEORY AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN LINEAR QUANTUM OPTICS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Physics and Astronomy by Jonathan P. Olson M.S., University of Idaho, 2012 August 2016 Acknowledgments My advisor, Jonathan Dowling, is apt to say, \those who take my take my advice do well, and those who don't do less well." I always took his advice (sometimes even against my own judgement) and I find myself doing well. He talked me out of a high-paying, boring career, and for that I owe him a debt I will never be able to adequately repay. My mentor, Mark Wilde, inspired me to work hard without saying a word about what I \should" be doing, and instead leading by example.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum Computation Beyond the Unitary Circuit Model
    Quantum Computation Beyond the Unitary Circuit Model Na¨ıri Usher A thesis submitted to University College London for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Physics and Astronomy University College London September 2016 I, Na¨ıri Usher, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Signed: Date: 1 Publications The majority of the work presented in this thesis contains materials from the following publications: N. Usher, and D.E. Browne, Noise in Measurement-Based Quantum Computing, arXiv:1704.07298. N. Usher, M.J. Hoban, and D.E. Browne, Constructing Local Hamiltonians from Non-unitary Quan- tum Computation, arXiv:1703:08118. M.J. Hoban, J.J. Wallman, H. Anwar, N. Usher, R. Raussendorf, and D.E. Browne, Measurement- Based Classical Computation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 140505 (2014). 2 Acknowledgements I am thankful for my time at UCL which has brought to me more than words can convey. First and foremost, I am thankful to Dan for having supported and guided me throughout my PhD with endless patience and kindness. I am truly grateful for his encouragement to explore and investigate questions I found interesting as well as for everything I had the chance to learn from him. I wish to thank my examiners Shashank and Sougato for having taken the time to read this thesis as well as for offering valuable feedback for its improvement. I was fortunate to collaborate with Matty, with whom I shared many both interesting and entertaining discussions, and I am thankful for his invaluable insights and encouragement.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum Techniques in Machine Learning Dipartimento Di
    Quantum Techniques in Machine Learning Dipartimento di Informatica Universit`adi Verona, Italy November 6{8, 2017 Contents Abstracts 9 Marco Loog | Surrogate Losses in Classical Machine Learning (Invited Talk) . 11 Minh Ha Quang | Covariance matrices and covariance operators in machine learning and pattern recognition: A geometrical framework (Invited Talk) . 12 Jonathan Romero, Jonathan Olson, Alan Aspuru-Guzik | Quantum au- toencoders for efficient compression of quantum data . 13 Iris Agresti, Niko Viggianiello, Fulvio Flamini, Nicol`oSpagnolo, Andrea Crespi, Roberto Osellame, Nathan Wiebe, and Fabio Sciarrino | Pattern recognition techniques for Boson Sampling Validation . 15 J. Wang, S. Paesani, R. Santagati, S. Knauer, A. A. Gentile, N. Wiebe, M. Petruzzella, A. Laing, J. G. Rarity, J. L. O'Brien, and M. G. Thompson | Quantum Hamiltonian learning using Bayesian inference on a quantum photonic simulator . 18 Luca Innocenti, Leonardo Banchi, Alessandro Ferraro, Sougato Bose and Mauro Paternostro | Supervised learning of time independent Hamiltonians for gate design . 20 Davide Venturelli | Challenges to Practical End-to-end Implementation of Quan- tum Optimization Approaches for Combinatorial problems (Invited Talk) . 22 K. Imafuku, M. Hioki, T. Katashita, S. Kawabata, H. Koike, M. Maezawa, T. Nakagawa, Y. Oiwa, and T. Sekigawa | Annealing Computation with Adaptor Mechanism and its Application to Property-Verification of Neural Network Systems . 23 Simon E. Nigg, Niels Niels L¨orch, Rakesh P. Tiwari | Robust quantum optimizer with full connectivity . 25 William Cruz-Santos, Salvador E. Venegas-Andraca and Marco Lanzagorta | Adiabatic quantum optimization applied to the stereo matching problem . 26 Alejandro Perdomo Ortiz | Opportunities and Challenges for Quantum-Assisted Machine Learning in Near-Term Quantum Computers .
    [Show full text]
  • Defeating Passive Eavesdropping with Quantum Illumination
    Defeating passive eavesdropping with quantum illumination The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Shapiro, Jeffrey H. “Defeating passive eavesdropping with quantum illumination.” Physical Review A 80.2 (2009): 022320. (C) 2010 The American Physical Society. As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.80.022320 Publisher American Physical Society Version Final published version Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51048 Terms of Use Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. PHYSICAL REVIEW A 80, 022320 ͑2009͒ Defeating passive eavesdropping with quantum illumination Jeffrey H. Shapiro* Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA ͑Received 18 March 2009; published 17 August 2009͒ A two-way protocol for defeating passive eavesdropping is proposed. For each information bit, Alice sends Bob T sec of signal-beam output from a spontaneous parametric down-converter over a pure-loss channel while retaining the idler beam with which it is maximally entangled. Bob imposes a single information bit on the light he receives from Alice via binary phase-shift keying. He then amplifies the modulated beam and sends the resulting light back to Alice over the same pure-loss channel. Even though the loss and amplifier noise destroy any entanglement between the light that Alice receives from Bob and the idler she has retained, she can decode Bob’s bit with an error probability that can be orders of magnitude lower than what is achieved by a passive eavesdropper who receives all the photons that are lost en route from Alice to Bob and from Bob to Alice.
    [Show full text]
  • Arxiv:1811.01969V1 [Quant-Ph] 5 Nov 2018 Npooi Unu Esn.W Ee H Edrt De- to Reader Al
    Advances in Photonic Quantum Sensing Stefano Pirandola,1, 2 Bhaskar Roy Bardhan,3 Tobias Gehring,4 Christian Weedbrook,5 and Seth Lloyd2, 6 1Computer Science and York Centre for Quantum Technologies, University of York, York YO10 5GH, UK 2Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge MA 02139, USA 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Geneseo, Geneseo NY 14454, USA 4Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, 2800 Kongens, Lyngby, Denmark 5Xanadu, 372 Richmond St W, Toronto, M5V 2L7, Canada 6Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge MA 02139, USA Quantum sensing has become a mature and broad field. It is generally related with the idea of using quantum resources to boost the performance of a number of practical tasks, including the radar-like detection of faint objects, the readout of information from optical memories or fragile physical systems, and the optical resolution of extremely close point-like sources. Here we first focus on the basic tools behind quantum sensing, discussing the most recent and general formulations for the problems of quantum parameter estimation and hypothesis testing. With this basic background in our hands, we then review emerging applications of quantum sensing in the photonic regime both from a theoretical and experimental point of view. Besides the state-of-the-art, we also discuss open problems and potential next steps. Quantum technologies are today developing at un- cuss both theoretically and experimentally. precedented pace. As a matter of fact, the technologi- Quantum hypothesis testing is at the very basis of cal applications of the field of quantum information1–5 quantum reading35–49, where the information stored in are many and promising.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum State Discrimination with Bosonic Channels and Gaussian States by Si Hui Tan
    Quantum State Discrimination with Bosonic ARCHNE~S Channels and Gaussian States ASSAQHUSETTS INSTITUTE by Si Hui Tan LBRAR S Submitted to the Department of Physics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctoral of Philosophy in Physics at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY September 2010 @ Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2010. All rights reserved. A uthor ....... ......................................... Department of Physics September 3, 2010 Certified by.... .. ........... .............. .1 Seth Lloyd 2so I/Mechanical Engineering Thesis Supervisor Certified by.... .. .... ............ ........ Edward Farhi Cecil a d Ida Green Professor of Physics Thesis Supervisor A ccepted by...... .......................... Krishna Rajagopal Associate Head for Education, Physics 2 Quantum State Discrimination with Bosonic Channels and Gaussian States by Si Hui Tan Submitted to the Department of Physics on September 10, 2010, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctoral of Philosophy in Physics Abstract Discriminating between quantum states is an indispensable part of quantum infor- mation theory. This thesis investigates state discrimination of continuous quantum variables, focusing on bosonic communication channels and Gaussian states. The specific state discrimination problems studied are (a) quantum illumination and (b) optimal measurements for decoding bosonic channels. Quantum illumination is a technique for detection and imaging which uses entanglement between a probe and an ancilla to enhance sensitivity. I shall show how entanglement can help with the discrimination between two noisy and lossy bosonic channels, one in which a target re- flects back a small part of the probe light, and the other in which all probe light is lost. This enhancement is obtained even though the channels are entanglement-breaking.
    [Show full text]
  • The Quantum Frontier
    The Quantum Frontier Joseph F. Fitzsimons Eleanor G. Rieffel Centre for Quantum Technologies NASA Ames Research Center National University of Singapore Valerio Scarani Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore June 18, 2013 1 Summary The success of the abstract model of computation, in terms of bits, logical operations, programming language constructs, and the like, makes it easy to forget that computation is a physical process. Our cherished notions of computation and information are grounded in classical mechanics, but the physics underlying our world is quantum. In the early 80s researchers began to ask how computation would change if we adopted a quantum mechanical, instead of a classical mechanical, view of computation. Slowly, a new picture of computation arose, one that gave rise to a variety of faster algorithms, novel cryptographic mechanisms, and alternative methods of communication. Small quantum information processing devices have been built, and efforts are underway to build larger ones. Even apart from the existence of these devices, the quantum view on information processing has provided significant insight into the nature of computation and information, and a deeper understanding of the physics of our universe and its connections with computation. We start by describing aspects of quantum mechanics that are at the heart of a quantum view of infor- mation processing. We give our own idiosyncratic view of a number of these topics in the hopes of correcting common misconceptions and highlighting aspects that are often overlooked. A number of the phenomena described were initially viewed as oddities of quantum mechanics, whose meaning was best left to philoso- phers, topics that respectable physicists would avoid or, at best, talk about only over a late night beer.
    [Show full text]
  • Detecting a Target with Quantum Entanglement Giacomo Sorelli, Nicolas Treps, Frédéric Grosshans, Fabrice Boust
    Detecting a target with quantum entanglement Giacomo Sorelli, Nicolas Treps, Frédéric Grosshans, Fabrice Boust To cite this version: Giacomo Sorelli, Nicolas Treps, Frédéric Grosshans, Fabrice Boust. Detecting a target with quantum entanglement. 2020. hal-02877841 HAL Id: hal-02877841 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02877841 Preprint submitted on 22 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. – 1 – MAY 2020 Detecting a target with quantum entanglement Giacomo Sorelli1;2;3, Nicolas Treps1, Frédéric Grosshans2, and Fabrice Boust3 1 Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, ENS-Université PSL, Collège de France, CNRS; 4 place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France 2 Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LIP6, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France 3 DEMR, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay, F-91123, Palaiseau, France Abstract In the last decade a lot of research activity focused on the use of quantum entanglement as a resource for remote target detection, i.e. on the design of a quantum radar. The literature on this subject uses tools of quantum optics and quantum information theory, and therefore often results obscure to radar scientists. This review has been written with purpose of removing this obscurity.
    [Show full text]