Colonialism and Reform in John Main's Hindu
FROM DEUS IN ADIUTORIUM TO MARANATHA: COLONIALISM AND REFORM IN JOHN MAIN’S HINDU ENCOUNTER By Nicholas J. Scrimenti Advisors: Prof. Francis X. Clooney & Naohito Miura A Senior Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Divinity Harvard Divinity School, Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2021 “By making his body the under-wood, and the syllable Om the upper-wood, man, after repeating the drill of meditation, will perceive the bright god, like the spark hidden in the wood.”1 - Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad “This prayer centers on no contemplation of some image or other…It is a fiery outbreak, an indescribable exaltation, an insatiable thrust of the soul. Free of what is sensed and seen, ineffable in its groans and sighs, the soul pours itself out to God.”2 - John Cassian, Conferences 1 F. Max Müller, ed., The Upanishads, vol. 1, Sacred Books of the East 15 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879), 237. 2 John Cassian, Conferences, trans. Colm Luibhéid, The Classics of Western Spirituality (New York: Paulist Press, 1985), 138. Scrimenti 1 John Douglas Main, OSB (1926-1982) holds a unique place within the modern Christian contemplative tradition. He developed, independent of his contemporaries in the Centering Prayer movement, a method of Christian meditation centered on the silent recitation of a mantra. Main’s teaching was notably developed from the synthesis of two major sources: his encounter with Swami Satyananda (1909-1961) in British Malaya in 1955, who first taught him how to meditate, and his subsequent personal discovery of the tradition of the “prayer formula” of John Cassian (circa 360-435 CE) in the Conferences.
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