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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1.5 Storage, Input and Output Devices LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1.5 Storage, Input and Output Devices LEARNING OBJECTIVES INFORMATION SHEET 1.1.5 Storage, Input and Output Devices LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, STUDENT(S) MUST be able to: 1. identify the output and input device 2. explain, elaborate and classify the different computer peripherals and its components INTRODUCTION A peripheral is a piece of computer hardware that is added to a computer in order to expand its abilities. The term peripheral is used to describe those devices that are optional in nature, as opposed to hardware that is either demanded or always required in principle. There are all different kinds of peripherals you can add your computer. The main distinction among peripherals is the way they are connected to your computer. They can be connected internally or externally. A computer peripheral is any external device that provides either input or output. Peripherals typically fall into the hardware category and include optional system components. Computer peripherals are add-on hardware to the computer to expand its abilities or improve its performance. By adding memory, computers are able to perform a lot better, or by adding video cards, the computers graphics create more detail. These are just some of the peripherals, although there is a lot more you can put on your PC some of them may not be compatible. Compatibility maybe an issue to some of the peripherals and may even cause the worst outcome –the PC refuses to boot or the PC refuses to recognize the peripheral being added. The easiest way to solve that would be figuring out where it started and you can start from there. Technically, every piece of hardware inside your PC requires a driver to communicate and function with the operating system, the software applications, and other hardware components in your computer. Document No. Developed by Install and configure Version computer systems Learning Outcome ISMAEL MANIC BALANA 1.1.2019 Page www.facebook.com/itsmeismael 1 09464485036 Revision # 01 INPUT DEVICE In computing, an input device is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital cameras and joysticks. Many input devices can be classified according to: • modality of input (e.g. mechanical motion, audio, visual, etc.) • the input is discrete (e.g. key presses) or continuous (e.g. a mouse's position, though digitized into a discrete quantity, is fast enough to be considered continuous) • the number of degrees of freedom involved (e.g. two-dimensional traditional mice, or three-dimensional navigators designed for CAD applications) Pointing devices, which are input devices used to specify a position in space, can further be classified according to: Whether the input is direct or indirect. With direct input, the input space coincides with the display space, i.e. pointing is done in the space where visual feedback or the pointer appears. Touchscreens and light pens involve direct input. Examples involving indirect input include the mouse and trackball. Whether the positional information is absolute (e.g. on a touch screen) or relative (e.g. with a mouse that can be lifted and repositioned) Commonly used input devices • A 'keyboard' is a human interface device which is represented as a layout of buttons. Each button, or key, can be used to either input a linguistic character to a computer, or to call upon a particular function of the computer. Traditional keyboards use spring-based buttons, though newer variations employ virtual keys, or even projected keyboards. o A pointing device is any human interface device that allows a user to input spatial data to a computer. In the case of mice and touchpads, this is usually achieved by detecting movement across a physical surface. Document No. Developed by Install and configure Version computer systems Learning Outcome ISMAEL MANIC BALANA 1.1.2019 Page www.facebook.com/itsmeismael 2 09464485036 Revision # 01 • Audio input devices In the fashion of video devices, audio devices are used to either capture or create sound. In some cases, an audio output device can be used as an input device, in order to capture produced sound. o Microphones o MIDI keyboard or other digital musical instrument • Image and Video input devices are used to digitize images or video from the outside world into the computer. The information can be stored in a multitude of formats depending on the user's requirement. o Digital camera o Digital camcorder o Webcam o Microsoft Kinect Sensor o Image scanner o Fingerprint scanner o Barcode reader o 3D scanner o Laser rangefinder Document No. Developed by Install and configure Version computer systems Learning Outcome ISMAEL MANIC BALANA 1.1.2019 Page www.facebook.com/itsmeismael 3 09464485036 Revision # 01 OUTPUT DEVICE An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) which converts the electronically generated information into human-readable form. A display device is an output device that visually conveys text, graphics, and video information. Information shown on a display device is called soft copy because the information exists electronically and is displayed for a temporary period of time. Display devices include CRT monitors, LCD monitors and displays, gas plasma monitors, and televisions. The following are also examples of input devices • Speakers – an output device that produce sounds • Headphones – it is an output device use to listen sounds in a single mode function. Normally used for a single person who do not want to interrupt in specific area with annoying noise. E.g. public places. • Screen (Monitor) • Printer • Voice output communication aid • Automotive navigation system • Braille embosser • Projector Document No. Developed by Install and configure Version computer systems Learning Outcome ISMAEL MANIC BALANA 1.1.2019 Page www.facebook.com/itsmeismael 4 09464485036 Revision # 01 • Plotter • Television • Radio • Punched card input/output STORAGE DEVICE What are storage devices? A storage, storage media, or storage medium, a storage device is a hardware device capable of holding information. The computer has many types of data storage devices. Some of them can be classified as the removable data Storage Devices and the others as the non-removable data Storage Devices. Primary Storage is also known as main storage or memory, is the main area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the computer's processor. Secondary Storage Referred to as external memory and secondary storage is a storage medium that holds information until it is deleted or overwritten regardless if the computer Document No. Developed by Install and configure Version computer systems Learning Outcome ISMAEL MANIC BALANA 1.1.2019 Page www.facebook.com/itsmeismael 5 09464485036 Revision # 01 has power. It refers to storage devices and storage media that are not always directly accessible by a computer. This differs from primary storage technology, such as an internal hard drive, which is constantly available. Hard disk drive vs. Solid state drive Meanwhile, a hard drive uses a mechanical arm with a read/write head to move around and read information from the right location on a storage platter. This difference is what makes SSD so much faster. As an analogy, what’s quicker? Having to walk across the room to retrieve a book to get information or simply magically having that book open in front of you when you need it? That’s how an HDD compares to an SSD; it simply requires more physical labor (mechanical movement) to get information. Document No. Developed by Install and configure Version computer systems Learning Outcome ISMAEL MANIC BALANA 1.1.2019 Page www.facebook.com/itsmeismael 6 09464485036 Revision # 01 Document No. Developed by Install and configure Version computer systems Learning Outcome ISMAEL MANIC BALANA 1.1.2019 Page www.facebook.com/itsmeismael 7 09464485036 Revision # 01 Solid State Drive Hard Disk Drive http://www.storagereview.com/ssd_vs_hdd To aid you even more, here are some rules to follow when you decide which drive is best for you: If: • You need lots of storage capacity, up to more TB • Don’t want to spend much money • Don’t care too much about how fast a computer boots up or opens programs - then get a hard drive (HDD). If: • You are willing to pay for faster performance • Don’t mind limited storage capacity or can work around that - then get a solid-state drive (SSD). Document No. Developed by Install and configure Version computer systems Learning Outcome ISMAEL MANIC BALANA 1.1.2019 Page www.facebook.com/itsmeismael 8 09464485036 Revision # 01 ODD (Optical Disc Drive) • CDs tend to be used for large files (but smaller than 1Gb) which are too big for a floppy disc to hold such as music and general animation. • DVDs are used to hold very large files (several Gb) such as movie films. Both CDs and DVDs are portable i.e. they can be transported from one computer to another. Both can be used to store computer data. • CD ROM/DVD ROM Applications which require the prevention of deletion of data, accidental or otherwise. CDs used by software companies for distributing software programs and data. • CD R/DVD R Applications which require a single ‘burning’ of data, e.g. CDs - recording of music downloads from the Internet, recording of music from MP3 format, recording of data for archiving or backup purposes. DVDs – recording of film movies and television programs. • CD RW/DVD RW Applications which require the updating of information and ability to record over old data. Not suitable for music recording but is very useful for keeping generations of files.
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