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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1.5 Storage, Input and Output Devices LEARNING OBJECTIVES

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1.5 Storage, Input and Output Devices LEARNING OBJECTIVES

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1.5 Storage, and Output Devices

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, STUDENT(S) MUST be able to: 1. identify the output and input device 2. explain, elaborate and classify the different and its components

INTRODUCTION A is a piece of that is added to a computer in order to expand its abilities. The term peripheral is used to describe those devices that are optional in nature, as opposed to hardware that is either demanded or always required in principle. There are all different kinds of peripherals you can add your computer. The main distinction among peripherals is the way they are connected to your computer. They can be connected internally or externally. A computer peripheral is any external device that provides either input or output. Peripherals typically fall into the hardware category and include optional system components. Computer peripherals are add-on hardware to the computer to expand its abilities or improve its performance. By adding memory, are able to perform a lot better, or by adding video cards, the computers graphics create more detail. These are just some of the peripherals, although there is a lot more you can put on your PC some of them may not be compatible. Compatibility maybe an issue to some of the peripherals and may even cause the worst outcome –the PC refuses to boot or the PC refuses to recognize the peripheral being added. The easiest way to solve that would be figuring out where it started and you can start from there. Technically, every piece of hardware inside your PC requires a driver to communicate and function with the , the software applications, and other hardware components in your computer.

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INPUT DEVICE In , an input device is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital cameras and .

Many input devices can be classified according to:

• modality of input (e.g. mechanical motion, audio, visual, etc.)

• the input is discrete (e.g. key presses) or continuous (e.g. a mouse's position, though digitized into a discrete quantity, is fast enough to be considered continuous)

• the number of degrees of freedom involved (e.g. two-dimensional traditional mice, or three-dimensional navigators designed for CAD applications)

Pointing devices, which are input devices used to specify a position in space, can further be classified according to: Whether the input is direct or indirect. With direct input, the input space coincides with the display space, i.e. pointing is done in the space where visual feedback or the pointer appears. and light pens involve direct input. Examples involving indirect input include the mouse and . Whether the positional information is absolute (e.g. on a touch screen) or relative (e.g. with a mouse that can be lifted and repositioned)

Commonly used input devices

• A 'keyboard' is a which is represented as a layout of buttons. Each button, or key, can be used to either input a linguistic character to a computer, or to call upon a particular function of the computer. Traditional keyboards use spring-based buttons, though newer variations employ virtual keys, or even projected keyboards. o A is any human interface device that allows a user to input spatial data to a computer. In the case of mice and , this is usually achieved by detecting movement across a physical surface.

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• Audio input devices In the fashion of video devices, audio devices are used to either capture or create sound. In some cases, an audio can be used as an input device, in order to capture produced sound.

o o MIDI keyboard or other digital musical instrument

• Image and Video input devices are used to digitize images or video from the outside world into the computer. The information can be stored in a multitude of formats depending on the user's requirement.

o o Digital o o Microsoft Sensor o o Fingerprint scanner o o 3D scanner o Laser rangefinder

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OUTPUT DEVICE An output device is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) which converts the electronically generated information into human-readable form.

A display device is an output device that visually conveys text, graphics, and video information. Information shown on a display device is called soft copy because the information exists electronically and is displayed for a temporary period of time. Display devices include CRT monitors, LCD monitors and displays, gas plasma monitors, and televisions. The following are also examples of input devices

• Speakers – an output device that produce sounds

• Headphones – it is an output device use to listen sounds in a single mode function. Normally used for a single person who do not want to interrupt in specific area with annoying noise. E.g. public places.

• Screen (Monitor)

•

• Voice output communication aid

• Automotive navigation system

• Braille embosser

• Projector

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•

• Television

• Radio

• Punched card input/output

STORAGE DEVICE What are storage devices? A storage, storage media, or storage medium, a storage device is a hardware device capable of holding information. The computer has many types of data storage devices. Some of them can be classified as the removable data Storage Devices and the others as the non-removable data Storage Devices.

Primary Storage is also known as main storage or memory, is the main area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the computer's .

Secondary Storage Referred to as external memory and secondary storage is a storage medium that holds information until it is deleted or overwritten regardless if the computer

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has power. It refers to storage devices and storage media that are not always directly accessible by a computer. This differs from primary storage technology, such as an internal hard drive, which is constantly available.

Hard disk drive vs. Solid state drive Meanwhile, a hard drive uses a mechanical arm with a read/write head to move around and read information from the right location on a storage platter. This difference is what makes SSD so much faster. As an analogy, what’s quicker? Having to walk across the room to retrieve a book to get information or simply magically having that book open in front of you when you need it? That’s how an HDD compares to an SSD; it simply requires more physical labor (mechanical movement) to get information.

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Solid State Drive

Hard Disk Drive

http://www.storagereview.com/ssd_vs_hdd To aid you even more, here are some rules to follow when you decide which drive is best for you: If:

• You need lots of storage capacity, up to more TB

• Don’t want to spend much money

• Don’t care too much about how fast a computer boots up or opens programs - then get a hard drive (HDD).

If:

• You are willing to pay for faster performance

• Don’t mind limited storage capacity or can work around that - then get a solid-state drive (SSD).

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ODD ( Drive)

• CDs tend to be used for large files (but smaller than 1Gb) which are too big for a floppy disc to hold such as music and general animation. • are used to hold very large files (several Gb) such as movie films. Both CDs and DVDs are portable i.e. they can be transported from one computer to another. Both can be used to store computer data. • CD ROM/DVD ROM Applications which require the prevention of deletion of data, accidental or otherwise. CDs used by software companies for distributing software programs and data. • CD R/DVD R Applications which require a single ‘burning’ of data, e.g. CDs - recording of music downloads from the Internet, recording of music from MP3 format, recording of data for archiving or backup purposes. DVDs – recording of film movies and television programs. • CD RW/DVD RW Applications which require the updating of information and ability to record over old data. Not suitable for music recording but is very useful for keeping generations of files. DVDs have between five and ten times the capacity of CDs.

USB flash drives are typically removable and rewritable, much smaller than a . Storage capacities typically range from 64 MB to 64 GB. USB flash drives offer potential advantages over other portable storage devices, particularly the floppy disk.

They have a more compact shape, operate faster, hold much more data, have a more durable design, and operate more reliably due to their lack of moving parts. Flash drives are widely used to transport files and backup data from computer to computer.

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Flash memory cards A or card is a solid-state electronic flash memory data storage device used with digital cameras, handheld and Tablet/Mobile computers, music players, video consoles, and other electronics.

External/Portable hard disk are good fun because you can carry data about all over the place and transfer information, programs, pictures, etc. between computers.

Nowadays, most new PCs have built-in slots for a variety of memory cards; Memory Stick, CompactFlash, SD, etc. Some digital gadgets support more than one memory card to ensure compatibility.

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Cloud Storage It is a model of networked storage where data is stored not in the user's computer, but in virtualized pools of storage which are usually hosted by third parties.

• OneDrive formerly SkyDrive is a file hosting service that allows users to upload and sync files to cloud storage and then access them from a Web browser or their local device.

• Dropbox is a cloud storage service that lets you easily store and share files with other people, and it lets you access your files from a mobile device as well.

• Evernote lets you type notes, clip web pages, take photos, and organize all of them from your computer or mobile device.

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• Mozy and Carbonite can automatically back up your data in case your computer is lost, stolen, or damaged.

• Google Drive - is a cloud storage service that owned by Google, Inc. lets you save and retrieve files anytime, anywhere

Network-attached storage (NAS) is file-level connected to a computer network providing data access to a heterogeneous group of clients.

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SELF CHECK 1.1.5 IDENTIFICATION 1.______a hardware device capable of holding information. 2.______is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) which converts the electronically generated information into human-readable form. 3.______is the primary storage device. 4. ______are typically removable and rewritable, much smaller than a floppy disk. Storage capacities typically range from 64 MB to 64 GB. 5.______is a model of networked enterprise storage where data is stored not in the user's computer, but in virtualized pools of storage which are generally hosted by third parties. ENUMERATION 1. Give 5 examples of output devices 2. Give 5 examples of input devices

TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is TRUE and write F if the statement is FALSE

1. Monitor is an output device______2. Keyboard is an input device______3. Flash drive is an input device______4. Cloud storage is an output device______5. Memory is secondary storage______

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ANSWER KEY 1.1.5 IDENTIFICATION 1. Storage device a hardware device capable of holding information. 2. Output devices is any piece of computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a computer) which converts the electronically generated information into human-readable form.

3. Memory/RAM is the primary storage device. 4. Flash Drive are typically removable and rewritable, much smaller than a floppy disk. Storage capacities typically range from 64 MB to 64 GB. 5. Cloud Storage is a model of networked enterprise storage where data is stored not in the user's computer, but in virtualized pools of storage which are generally hosted by third parties. ENUMERATION 3. Give 5 examples of output devices a. Printer, monitor, projector, speaker, earphone 4. Give 5 examples of input devices a. scanner, finger print scanner, , keyboard, mouse, webcam

TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is TRUE and write F if the statement is FALSE

6. Monitor is output device T 7. Keyboard is an input device T 8. Flash drive is an input device F 9. Cloud storage is an output device F 10. Memory is secondary storage F

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