Emergency Surgery
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BLBK236-FM BLBK236-Brooks Trim: 219mm × 276mm February 8, 2010 21:30 Char Count= ii BLBK236-FM BLBK236-Brooks Trim: 219mm × 276mm February 8, 2010 21:30 Char Count= Emergency Surgery i BLBK236-FM BLBK236-Brooks Trim: 219mm × 276mm February 8, 2010 21:30 Char Count= ii BLBK236-FM BLBK236-Brooks Trim: 219mm × 276mm February 8, 2010 21:30 Char Count= Emergency Surgery EDITED BY Adam Brooks, FRCS (Gen Surg), DMCC Consultant in HPB Surgery Major Trauma Pathway Lead General Surgery Service Lead Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust Nottingham, UK; and Senior Lecturer Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma Royal Centre for Defence Medicine Birmingham, UK Bryan A. Cotton, MD, MPH Associate Professor Department of Surgery and the Center for Translational Injury Research The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, Texas, USA Lt Col Nigel Tai, MS, FRCS (Gen Surg), RAMC Consultant in Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Defence Medical Services Trauma Clinical Academic Unit Royal London Hospital Whitechapel London, UK and Senior Lecturer Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma Royal Centre for Defence Medicine Birmingham, UK Col Peter F. Mahoney, OBE, TD, MSc, FRCA, RAMC Defence Professor Anaesthesia and Critical Care RCDM Birmingham Research Park Vincent Drive Birmingham, UK Associate Editor David J. Humes, BSc, MBBS, MRCS Lecturer in Surgery QMC Campus University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication iii BLBK236-FM BLBK236-Brooks Trim: 219mm × 276mm February 8, 2010 21:30 Char Count= This edition first published 2010, C 2010 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd BMJ Books is an imprint of BMJ Publishing Group Limited, used under licence by Blackwell Publishing which was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing programme has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. 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No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Emergency surgery / edited by Adam Brooks ... [et al.]. p. ; cm. ISBN 978-1-4051-7025-3 1. Surgical emergencies. I. Brooks, Adam, 1969– [DNLM: 1. Emergencies. 2. Surgical Procedures, Operative. 3. Emergency Medical Services. WO 700 E53 2010] RD93.E4496 2010 617.026–dc22 2009026824 ISBN: 9781405170253 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Set in 9.5/12pt Meridien by Aptara R Inc., New Delhi, India Printed and bound in Singapore 1 2010 iv BLBK236-FM BLBK236-Brooks Trim: 219mm × 276mm February 8, 2010 21:30 Char Count= Contents List of Contributors, vii 14 Small Bowel Obstruction, 74 J. Edward F. Fitzgerald 15 Surgical Jaundice and Cholangitis, 80 Part 1 Approach John S. Hammond & Ian Beckingham 1 The Initial Approach to the Emergency Surgery 16 Large Bowel Obstruction, 86 Patient, 3 Igor V. Voskresensky & Bryan A. Cotton Adam Brooks & J. Alastair D. Simpson 17 Emergency Surgical Management of Herniae, 92 2 Preoperative Considerations, 6 John Simpson & David J. Humes Paul Wood 3 Emergency Anaesthesia, 14 Part 3 Vascular Giles R. Nordmann 4 Analgesia, 20 18 Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, 101 Jeff L. Tong Ross Davenport & Nigel Tai 19 Acute Limb Ischaemia, 106 Matthew Button & Nigel Tai Part 2 Abdomen 5 Acute Appendicitis, 29 Part 4 Soft Tissue Infection Tom Palser, David J. Humes & Adam Brooks 6 Colonic Diverticulosis, 34 20 Superficial Sepsis, Cutaneous Abscess and Necrotising David Luke & Douglas M. Bowley Fasciitis, 115 Conor D. Marron 7 Biliary Colic and Acute Cholecystitis, 40 Tom Palser & Mark Taylor 8 Perforated Peptic Ulcer, 43 Part 5 Urology A. Morris & Mark J. Midwinter 21 Emergency Urology, 127 9 Fulminant Colitis, 46 Thomas J. Walton & Gurminder S. Mann Deborah Nicol & Richard L. Wolverson 10 Mesenteric Ischaemia, 50 Justin Manley & Tracy R. Bilski Part 6 Trauma 11 Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage, 56 22 Abdominal Trauma: Evaluation and Decision John S. Hammond Making, 139 12 Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding, 61 Lesly A. Dossett & Bryan A. Cotton J. Alastair D. Simpson 23 Thoracic Trauma: Evaluation and Decision 13 Acute Pancreatitis, 67 Making, 145 Euan J. Dickson, Colin J. McKay & C. Ross Carter Stella R. Smith, Thomas Konig¨ & Nigel Tai v BLBK236-FM BLBK236-Brooks Trim: 219mm × 276mm February 8, 2010 21:30 Char Count= Contents 24 Vascular Trauma, 153 Part 7 Critical Care Nigel Tai & Nora Brennan 29 Critical Care, 195 25 Damage Control Surgery, 161 Andrew McDonald Johnston Timothy C. Nunez, Igor V. Voskresensky & Bryan A. Cotton 30 Postoperative Complications, 203 26 Trauma Laparotomy, 169 Abeed Chowdhury & Adam Brooks Victor Zaydfudim & Bryan A. Cotton 27 Operative Management of Thoracic Trauma, 180 Thomas Konig¨ & Nigel Tai Index, 213 28 Abdominal Trauma: Operative and Non-Operative Management, 185 Roland A. Hernandez,´ Aviram M. Giladi & Bryan A. Cotton vi BLBK236-FM BLBK236-Brooks Trim: 219mm × 276mm February 8, 2010 21:30 Char Count= List of Contributors Ian Beckingham Abeed Chowdhury Roland A. Hernandez´ HPB and Laparoscopic Surgeon Department of Surgery Medical Student Queens Medical Centre Queen’s Medical Centre University of Michigan Nottingham University Medical School Nottingham, UK Medical School Nottingham, UK Ann Arbor, MI, USA Bryan A. Cotton David J. Humes Tracy R. Bilski Department of Surgery and the Center for Lecturer in Surgery Assistant Professor Translational Injury Research QMC Campus Mary Washington Hospital The University of Texas Health Science Center University of Nottingham Fredericksburg Houston, TX, USA VA, USA Nottingham, UK Andrew McDonald Johnston Douglas M. Bowley Ross Davenport Trauma Research Fellow Specialist Registrar in Respiratory and Intensive Consultant Surgeon Trauma Clinical Academic Unit Care Medicine Heart of England NHS Royal London Hospital Department of Military Medicine Foundation Trust London, UK Royal Centre for Defence Medicine Senior Lecturer Birmingham, UK Royal Centre for Defence Medicine Birmingham, UK Euan J. Dickson Thomas Konig¨ West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit Specialist Registrar in General Surgery Nora Brennan Glasgow Royal Infirmary Defence Medical Services Specialist Registrar in Emergency