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Illicit Tobacco Trade in Georgia: Prevalence and Perceptions Megan Little,1 Hana Ross,1 George Bakhturidze ,2,3 Iago Kachkachishvili4
Original research Tob Control: first published as 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054839 on 18 January 2019. Downloaded from Illicit tobacco trade in Georgia: prevalence and perceptions Megan Little,1 Hana Ross,1 George Bakhturidze ,2,3 Iago Kachkachishvili4 ► Additional material is ABSTRact The new government coming to power in 2004 published online only. To view Background In lower- income and middle- income decided to double and triple taxes for imported please visit the journal online filtered and domestic filtered cigarettes, respec- (http:// dx. doi. org/ 10. 1136/ countries, limited research exists on illicit tobacco tobaccocontrol- 2018- 054839). trade and its responsiveness to taxation. Tobacco taxes tively. In preparation for this increase, tobacco are critical in reducing tobacco consumption, thereby companies prepurchased tax stamps (introduced in 1 Economics, Southern Africa improving public health. However, the tobacco industry 1999) with the lower 2004 value, to use in their Labour and Development 2005 sales. This resulted in an artificial tax revenue Research Unit, University of claims that tax increases will increase illicit tobacco Cape Town, Cape Town, South trade. Therefore, research evidence on the size of the increase in 2004 followed by a sharp fall in early Africa illicit cigarette market is needed in Georgia and other 2005, when the new tax came into effect. Tobacco 2 Tobacco Control Research, low- income and middle- income countries to inform companies then asserted that the tax revenue fall FCTC Implementation and tobacco tax policies. was driven by a sharp increase in illicit trade from Monitoring Center in Georgia, 10% in 2003 to 65% in post-2005.3 This persuaded Tbilisi, Georgia Methods In 2017, a household survey using stratified 3Health Promotion Research, multistage sampling was conducted in Georgia with the government to lower taxes by 30%–40% in Georgian Health Promotion and 2997 smokers, to assess illicit tobacco consumption. -
Assonance a Journal of Russian & Comparative Literary Studies
ISSN 2394-7853 Assonance A Journal of Russian & Comparative Literary Studies No.21 January 2021 Department of Russian & Comparative Literature University of Calicut Kerala – 673635 Assonance: A Journal of Russian & Comparative Literary Studies No.21, January 2021 ISSN 2394-7853 Listed in UGC Care ©2021 Department of Russian & Comparative Literature, University of Calicut Editors: Dr. K.K. Abdul Majeed (Assistant Professor & Head) Dr. Nagendra Shreeniwas (Associate Professor, CRS, SLL&CS, JNU, New Delhi) Sub Editor: Sameer Babu Kavad Board of Referees: 1. Prof. Amar Basu, (Retd.), JNU, New Delhi 2. Prof. Govindan Nair (Retd.), University of Kerala 3. Prof. Ranjana Banerjee, JNU, New Delhi 4. Prof. Kandrapa Das, Guahati University, Assam 5. Prof. Sushant Kumar Mishra, JNU, New Delhi 6. Prof. T.K. Gajanan, University of Mysore 7. Prof. Balakrishnan K, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Kochi 8. Dr. S.S. Rajput, EFLU, Hyderabad 9. Smt. Sreekumari S, (Retd.), University of Calicut, Kerala 10. Dr. V.K. Subramanian, University of Calicut, 11. Dr. Arunim Bandyopadhyay, JNU, New Delhi 12. Dr. K.M. Sherrif, University of Calicut, Kerala 13. Dr. K.M. Anil, Malayalam University, Kerala 14. Dr. Sanjay Kumar, EFLU, Hyderabad 15. Dr. Krishnakumar R.S, University of Kerala Frequency: Annual Published by: Department of Russian & Comparative Literature, University of Calicut, Thenhipalam, Malappuram, Kerala – 673635 Articles in the journal reflect the views of the respective authors only and do not reflect the view of the editors, the journal, the department and/or the university. ii Notes for contributors Assonance is an ISSN, UGC-CARE listed, multilingual, refereed, blind peer reviewed, annual publication of the Department of Russian & Comparative Literature, University of Calicut. -
(With) Shakespeare (/783437/Show) (Pdf) Elizabeth (/783437/Pdf) Klett
11/19/2019 Borrowers and Lenders: The Journal of Shakespeare and Appropriation ISSN 1554-6985 V O L U M E X · N U M B E R 2 (/current) S P R I N G 2 0 1 7 (/previous) S h a k e s p e a r e a n d D a n c e E D I T E D B Y (/about) E l i z a b e t h K l e t t (/archive) C O N T E N T S Introduction: Dancing (With) Shakespeare (/783437/show) (pdf) Elizabeth (/783437/pdf) Klett "We'll measure them a measure, and be gone": Renaissance Dance Emily Practices and Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet (/783478/show) (pdf) Winerock (/783478/pdf) Creation Myths: Inspiration, Collaboration, and the Genesis of Amy Romeo and Juliet (/783458/show) (pdf) (/783458/pdf) Rodgers "A hall, a hall! Give room, and foot it, girls": Realizing the Dance Linda Scene in Romeo and Juliet on Film (/783440/show) (pdf) McJannet (/783440/pdf) Prokofiev’s Romeo and Juliet: Some Consequences of the “Happy Nona Ending” (/783442/show) (pdf) (/783442/pdf) Monahin Scotch Jig or Rope Dance? Choreographic Dramaturgy and Much Emma Ado About Nothing (/783439/show) (pdf) (/783439/pdf) Atwood A "Merry War": Synetic's Much Ado About Nothing and American Sheila T. Post-war Iconography (/783480/show) (pdf) (/783480/pdf) Cavanagh "Light your Cigarette with my Heart's Fire, My Love": Raunchy Madhavi Dances and a Golden-hearted Prostitute in Bhardwaj's Omkara Biswas (2006) (/783482/show) (pdf) (/783482/pdf) www.borrowers.uga.edu/7165/toc 1/2 11/19/2019 Borrowers and Lenders: The Journal of Shakespeare and Appropriation The Concord of This Discord: Adapting the Late Romances for Elizabeth the -
2019 Second Quarter Results
Tokyo, July 31, 2019 2019 Second Quarter Results Highlights First half adjusted operating profit at constant FX increased 5.9% year-on-year, mainly driven by pricing gains in both the international and Japanese domestic tobacco businesses. On a reported basis, adjusted operating profit decreased 9.4% due to unfavorable currency movements. Operating profit and profit attributable to owners of the parent increased driven by a one-time compensation gain in the pharmaceutical business. FY2019 forecast for consolidated adjusted operating profit at constant FX remains unchanged. The Company announced the interim dividend of JPY 77 per share as stated in the “Business Plan 2019.” Key business segment information (January – June): International tobacco business • Adjusted operating profit at constant FX on a USD basis grew 9.3% mainly driven by solid pricing gains. On a JPY basis, adjusted operating profit decreased 13.5% due to unfavorable currency movements. • Total shipment volume grew 8.2% driven by acquisitions. Excluding these, volume was up 0.1% driven by solid GFB performance and continued market share gains, notably in Taiwan and the UK. • Expansion of Logic Compact continued with the addition of 12 new markets in the period. • Full year currency-neutral adjusted operating profit is expected to grow 10.2% year-on-year. Japanese domestic tobacco business • Adjusted operating profit increased 5.5% driven by cigarette pricing gains. • Ploom TECH+ sales expanded nationwide in June contributing to RRP sales volume growth. JT market share in the category is estimated at approximately 8%. • Ploom S will be rolled out nationwide in August 2019. • Full year adjusted operating profit is expected to decline 4.3% year-on-year. -
Investment Leading to Sustainable Growth
Corporate Information 048 Corporate Governance 058 History of the JT Group Japan Tobacco Inc. Annual Report FY2017 062 Regulation and Other Relevant Laws Year ended December 31, 2017 065 Litigation 066 Members of the Board, Audit Investment Operations & Analysis and Supervisory Board Members, leading and Executive Officers to sustainable 018 Industry Overview 067 Members of the JTI growth. 018 Tobacco Business Executive Committee 021 Pharmaceutical Business 067 Corporate Data 021 Processed Food Business 068 Investor Relations Activity 022 Review of Operations 069 Shareholder Information 022 International Tobacco Business 028 Japanese Domestic Tobacco Business 032 Global Tobacco Strategy 034 Pharmaceutical Business 038 Processed Food Business 040 Risk Factors Management 044 JT Group and Sustainability 046 Environmental, Social and 001 Performance Indicators Governance Initiatives 002 At a Glance 004 Consolidated Five-Year Financial Summary 006 Message from the Chairman and CEO Financial Information 008 CEO Business Review 010 Highlights (JT Group’s 2017) 071 Message from CFO 012 Management Principle, Strategic 072 Financial Review Framework and Resource Allocation 080 Consolidated Financial Statements 014 Business Plan 2018 086 Notes to Consolidated 015 Role and Target of Each Business Financial Statements 016 Performance Measures 139 Independent Auditor’s report 140 Glossary of Terms Management Performance Indicators Adjusted Operating Profit Dividend per Share 585.3 14 0 (JPY BN) (JPY) - 0.3% +7. 7 % Year-on-Year Change Year-on-Year Change - 0.6% Factsheets available at: Year-on-Year Change at Constant Exchange Rates https://www.jt.com/investors/results/annual_report/ Unless the context indicates otherwise, references in this Annual Report to ‘we’, ‘us’, In addition, these forward-looking statements are necessarily dependent upon ‘our’, ‘Japan Tobacco’, ‘JT Group’ or ‘JT’ are to Japan Tobacco Inc. -
Analysis of a Tobacco Vector and Its Actions in China: the Activities of Japan Tobacco Peisen He1,2, Takeaki Takeuchi1*, Eiji Yano1
He et al. Tobacco Induced Diseases 2010, 8:13 http://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.com/content/8/1/13 REVIEW Open Access Analysis of a tobacco vector and its actions in China: the activities of Japan tobacco Peisen He1,2, Takeaki Takeuchi1*, Eiji Yano1 Abstract Japan Tobacco (JT) is the third largest tobacco company in the world, and China, the world’s largest tobacco consumer, is one of the most important targets for JT. To provide information for tobacco control, we reviewed and analyzed JT and its tactics and strategies in the Chinese market mainly by systematic examination of documents which are made available in the University of California, San Francisco Legacy Tobacco Documents Library. As a result, JT has had a special interest to expand sales of its cigarettes in the Chinese market. Introduction 25.7% of Japanese adults smoke [4]. Besides, the 1987 Smoking is a particular challenge for public health suspension of import tariffs on cigarettes led to rapidly because unlike many other pathogens, this leading cause increased competition in JT’s domestic tobacco market, of morbidity and mortality worldwide continues to be which decreased JT’s sales and market share. To combat actively promoted by large multinational corporations the increased competitive pressures, JT has become and governments. Previous writers have described the more sophisticated and focused in their marketing activities of the two largest transnational tobacco cor- efforts, transforming the company from a Japanese porations (TTC) as summarized later. In this paper we cigarette “manufacturer/distributor” to an International report on the activities of Japan Tobacco (JT), the third cigarette “manufacturer/marketer”[5,6]. -
JTI Response to the UK Department of Health's Consultation on the Future
Response to the UK Department of Health’s Consultation on the Future of Tobacco Control 5 September 2008 Japan Tobacco International is a subsidiary of Japan Tobacco Inc., the world’s third largest global tobacco company. It produces three of the top five worldwide cigarette brands: Winston, Mild Seven and Camel. Other international brands include Benson & Hedges, Silk Cut, Sobranie of London, Glamour and LD. With headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, and net sales of USD 8 billion in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, Japan Tobacco International has more than 22,000 employees and operations in 120 countries. Since April 2007, Gallaher Limited (“Gallaher”), the UK-based tobacco products manufacturer, has also formed part of the Japan Tobacco Group. In this response to the FTC Document, we use the term “JTI” to refer collectively to Japan Tobacco International and Gallaher. JTI, which has its UK headquarters in Weybridge, Surrey, has a long-standing, significant presence in the UK market. Its UK cigarette brand portfolio includes Benson & Hedges, Silk Cut, Camel, Mayfair, Sovereign and More, as well as a number of other tobacco products including cigars (such as Hamlet), roll-your-own tobacco and pipe tobacco. JTI manufactures product for the UK market at sites in the UK (in Northern Ireland and Cardiff) and outside it (for example, in Germany). EXECUTIVE SUMMARY JTI agrees with the key policy rationale underlying the Department of Health’s Consultation on the Future of Tobacco Control (the FTC Document): “children and young people” should not smoke, and should not be able to buy tobacco products. -
Japan Tobacco (Hong Kong) Limited Response to the Department of Health's Legislative Council Brief on the Smoking (Public Heal
LC Paper No. CB(2)1175/18-19(40) Japan Tobacco (Hong Kong) Limited Response to the Department of Health’s Legislative Council Brief on the Smoking (Public Health) (Amendment) Bill 2019 of 13 February 2019 6 April 2019 Japan Tobacco (Hong Kong) Limited markets world-renowned cigarette brands such as Winston, Mevius, and Camel in Hong Kong. It is part of the Japan Tobacco Group of companies, a leading international tobacco product manufacturer whose other international brands include Benson and Hedges, Silk Cut, Sobranie of London, Glamour and LD. For more information, visit www.jt.com. 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Japan Tobacco (Hong Kong) Limited (JTHK) is fundamentally opposed to the ban on electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and heated tobacco products (HTPs) set out in the Smoking (Public Health) (Amendment) Bill 2019. 1.2 Regulation, rather than prohibition, is the most appropriate policy. 1.3 JT Group defines reduced-risk products (RRPs) as those with potential to reduce the health risks associated with smoking. E-cigarettes and HTPs are RRPs which have real potential to benefit public health, and therefore should not be prohibited. Further information about JT Group’s e-cigarettes and HTPs are at Annex 1. 1.4 Regulatory frameworks exist. There are precedents in 56 countries. The government has already acknowledged that it can essentially apply the Hong Kong smoking regulations to alternative smoking products. 1.5 The government is concerned that e-cigarettes and HTPs may pose health risks to minors. JTHK agrees that regulation should aim at keeping e-cigarettes and HTPs out of the hands of minors. -
Taryield Brand Nicotine Yield CO Yield 1 SILK CUT SILVER KING SIZE 0.1 1 1 MAYFAIR FINE 0.1
file:///J|/eattree/special_licence/6737/mrdoc/pdf/code_frames/cig09.txt UK Data Archive Study Number SN 6716 - General Lifestyle Survey: Secure Access TarYield Brand Nicotine Yield CO Yield 1 SILK CUT SILVER KING SIZE 0.1 1 1 MAYFAIR FINE 0.1 1 2 LAMBERT & BUTLER WHITE 0.2 1 3 MARLBORO KING SIZE (SILVER) 0.3 3 3 SILK CUT BLUE KING SIZE 0.3 3 3 SUPERKINGS WHITE 0.4 3 4 SILK CUT MENTHOL KING SIZE 0.4 5 5 PALL MALL ORANGE 0.5 5 5 RICHMOND KING SIZE MENTHOL 0.4 5 5 LAMBERT & BUTLER GOLD 0.4 5 5 LAMBERT & BUTLER MENTHOL 0.5 5 5 RICHMOND SMOOTH KING SIZE 0.4 6 5 SILK CUT PURPLE KING SIZE 0.5 5 5 JPS KING SIZE WHITE 0.5 6 5 SILK CUT 100S 0.5 6 5 MAYFAIR MENTHOL KING SIZE 0.6 6 5 SUPREME SUPERKINGS WHITE 0.5 5 5 MAXIM SUPERKINGS GOLD 0.5 5 5 BALMORAL SUPERKINGS BLUE 0.5 5 6 LONDIS SUPERKINGS WHITES 0.5 6 6 MARLBORO KING SIZE (GOLD) 0.5 6 6 PARK ROAD SUPERKINGS BLUE 0.6 6 6 NATURAL AMERICAN SPIRIT (YELLOW) 0.7 6 6 SKY WHITE SUPERKINGS 0.5 5 6 JPS KING SIZE GREEN 0.5 6 6 WARWICK SUPERKINGS WHITE 0.5 5 6 BALMORAL KING SIZE BLUE 0.5 7 6 WINSTON BLUE KING SIZE 0.5 7 6 SILK CUT SUPER SLIM 0.7 5 6 MARLBORO MENTHOL KING SIZE 0.5 7 6 CAMEL BLUE 0.5 7 6 JPS KING SIZE SILVER 0.5 7 6 SILK CUT SLIMS PURPLE 0.6 7 6 ROTHMANS ROYALS KING SIZE (BLUE) 0.6 6 6 DORCHESTER SUPERKINGS SMOOTH 0.6 7 6 RED BAND SUPERKINGS WHITE 0.5 6 6 SILK CUT SUPER SLIM MENTHOL 0.7 5 6 DORCHESTER SUPERKINGS MENTHOL 0.6 6 6 WINDSOR BLUE KING SIZE SMOOTH 0.5 7 6 RONSON SUPERKINGS SMOOTH 0.6 7 6 DAVIDOFF GOLD 0.6 6 file:///J|/eattree/special_licence/6737/mrdoc/pdf/code_frames/cig09.txt -
Annual Report 2007
Annual Report 2007 Annual Report 2007 For the Year Ended March 31, 2007 CONTENTS 1 Financial Highlights 2 JT at a Glance 4 Towards Realization of the Company JT Envisions 6 To Our Shareholders, Customers, and Employees 10 Special Feature 12 Acquisition of Gallaher Group PLC 18 Review of Operations 20 Domestic Tobacco Business 24 International Tobacco Business 28 Pharmaceutical Business 30 Foods Business 32 History of JT, Business Environment Surrounding JT 34 History of JT 36 Business Environment Surrounding JT 44 Corporate Social Responsibility 46 Corporate Governance 49 Activities Contributing to the Environment and Society 56 Financial Information 58 Consolidated Five-Year Financial Summary 60 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 70 Consolidated Balance Sheets 72 Consolidated Statements of Operations 73 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 75 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 76 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 98 Independent Auditors’ Report 99 Fact Sheets 100 Financial Data 106 Domestic Tobacco Business 116 International Tobacco Business 118 Pharmaceutical Business 119 Foods Business 119 Number of Employees 120 Shareholder Information 122 Members of the Board, Auditors, and Executive Officers 123 Corporate Data FORWARD-LOOKING AND CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS This presentation contains forward-looking statements about our industry, business, plans and objectives, financial condition and results of operations that are based on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections. These statements discuss future expectations, identify strategies, discuss market trends, contain projections of results of operations or of our financial condition, or state other forward-looking information. These forward-looking statements are subject to various known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results to dif- fer materially from those suggested by any forward-looking statement. -
WHO Study Group on Tobacco Product Regulation
WHO Technical Report Series 1001 WHO study group on tobacco product regulation Report on the scientific basis of tobacco product regulation: Sixth report of a WHO study group The World Health Organization was established in 1948 as a specialized agency of the United Nations serving as the directing and coordinating authority for international health matters and public health. One of WHO’s constitutional functions is to provide objective and reliable information and advice in the field of human health, a responsibility that it fulfils in part through its extensive programme of publications. The Organization seeks through its publications to support national health strategies and address the most pressing public health concerns of populations around the world. To respond to the needs of Member States at all levels of development, WHO publishes practical manuals, handbooks and training material for specific categories of health workers; internationally applicable guidelines and standards; reviews and analyses of health policies, programmes and research; and state-of-the-art consensus reports that offer technical advice and recommendations for decision-makers. These books are closely tied to the Organization’s priority activities, encompassing disease prevention and control, the development of equitable health systems based on primary health care, and health promotion for individuals and communities. Progress towards better health for all also demands the global dissemination and exchange of information that draws on the knowledge and experience of all WHO’s Member countries and the collaboration of world leaders in public health and the biomedical sciences. To ensure the widest possible availability of authoritative information and guidance on health matters, WHO secures the broad international distribution of its publications and encourages their translation and adaptation. -
Cigars Each 5 12 Ouv'nor's Mixture 1/2 2/4 Alvana— MATCHES Yankee Shag 5D
u ©•Ar-3 IFOR INDEX TO PIPES, ETC.. SEE PAGE 77.1 INDEX. A PACK PACK PACC \ &\\\ WlulK I Banner •JO I talon (15 t li-OIMtM - Abbolsfuid .. <W Bantam 5L Boltings 42 Clinker Ahdulla 2 Barm-v's . 112 Bound In Win :(7 i.lmsler Absorbal 27 Bamn lii Bunion Rouge II < ImflliMul . Academy ., . 21 Bartm's P.m-iit V e BridlcPath . ;t7 (lull 411.74 Acristo 57 Killer . HI Bristol - 72 dubs Adelphi II) 70 BJIPOIB! . W British Umpire 7 Club Meiulu-r Adkin's Cabinet :i Harls .. .VI Jh! / i SUPERB . 32 Brilish Jinterprise . (I t^iadi lliim lli Afco :* Basic . 2(» British hare . (til t^niching l.luli African .. -jili , 55 Basso ., . Id British (.old . 27 Uiaslguanl 7" AfrikniuliT . 21 Basins (17 Urilish Oak 10 Cn.uof Anus .. 74 Alter (Hmv .. :U ttatrhi-lm .. .'i(> British .SIup-» . (Hi Udl Nut After Luinh \\5.S 2 Batli.-axc .. a 51 BiKtnl . 72 UuKufllii-,Ninth .. :ix CIGARETTES A ida . IU BnuiltasL ., u u.c.i\ (!.*> iJilwmm Air l-iin-f •J I JI!> B.l>\\ . ,*•."> Brusni't . IK O.llcge .. Ml Air LraiK'i'" .. (i Beach Uif-tit . 71 Bniwine . 211 t-.jl.nual ,11 :w Unuau 5ii BtMlCOIl . :(."i Bniwooil . 75 Ctimiiicrd'i.. .. :l VIRGINIA TURKISH EGYPTIAN Albany I'M Beaum Light . :I.-I Buck ICvt- .. • t!2 UnnuHJiIurt: .. :l Albion (S4 llcngfa . (14 Bulls ' .. (in C'UHO .. 7:1 Alderman ,. i>:{ Bear's Paw . ti.'i Bnlawavo ,, II Oiiiipaninn .. 4:1 Alderwood ., (K Beau lfcjy-.il . It! Bull \XrA ,, . 2!) Cfjiujm** .. 4H Alegre Moiiarcn .Awards for Exctllence— 33 B.li.B.