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2005---Regional-Human-Right Series Reports 10 Series Reports REGIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2005 Publisher TheBelgradeCentreforHumanRights (on behalf of the Balkan Human Rights Network) Beogradska 54, Belgrade, Tel/fax. (011) 308 5328, 344 7121 e-mail: [email protected]; www.bgcentar.org.yu For the publisher Vojin Dimitrijevi} Editor Bojan \uri} Translation and proof-reading Du{ka Tomanovi} Cover caricature Predrag Koraksi} CORAX Cover design Mirko Mili}evi} Circulation 1000 copies ISBN 86-7202-086-3 Printed by Dosije, Belgrade REGIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2005 Belgrade Centre for Human Rights Belgrade, 2006 This publication was supported by the Neighbourhood Programme of the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs Views expressed in the publication are those of the individual authors and relevant partner organisations. The editors gratefully acknowledge the encouragement and advice of the Danish Institute for Human Rights. Contents Contents Contents.................................... 5 Abbreviations................................. 15 Preface..................................... 17 Introduction.................................. 18 HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA IN 2005 . 23 I INTRODUCTION . 23 IIHUMANRIGHTSINLEGISLATION.................. 24 1.ConstitutionalProvisionsonHumanRights............. 24 1.1.InternationalAgreementsRatifiedbyAlbania............. 24 2. Right to Effective Remedy for Human Rights Violations . 25 2.1.Courts.................................. 25 2.2.ConstitutionalCourt........................... 26 2.3.JurisdictionofInternationalCourts................... 26 2.4. Other Institutional Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms . 26 2.5.ThePeople'sAdvocate......................... 26 III INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS . 27 1. Right to a Fair Trial and Treatment of Persons Deprived ofLiberty................................ 27 1.1.Legislation................................ 27 1.2.Practice.................................. 29 1.3.Conclusion................................ 31 1.4.Recommendations............................ 31 2. Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion . 32 2.1.Legislation................................ 32 2.2.Practice.................................. 33 2.3.Conclusion................................ 34 2.4.Recommendations............................ 35 3.RighttoInformation.......................... 35 3.1.Legislation................................ 35 3.2.Practice.................................. 36 3.3.Conclusion................................ 37 3.4.Recommendations............................ 38 5 Regional Human Rights Report 2005 4.FreedomofExpressionandtheMedia................ 38 4.1.Legislation................................ 38 4.2.Practice.................................. 38 4.3.Conclusion................................ 40 4.4.Recommendations............................ 40 5.PeacefulEnjoymentofProperty.................... 40 5.1.Legislation................................ 40 5.2.Practice.................................. 41 5.3.Conclusion................................ 42 5.4.Recommendations............................ 43 6.MinorityRights............................. 43 6.1.Legislation................................ 43 6.2.Practice.................................. 45 6.3.Conclusion................................ 46 6.4.Recommendations............................ 47 7.PoliticalRights;RighttoElectandtobeElected.......... 47 7.1.Legislation................................ 47 7.2.Practice.................................. 49 7.3.Conclusion................................ 50 7.4.Recommendations............................ 50 8.RightsoftheChild........................... 51 8.1.Situation................................. 51 8.2.CasesofTorture............................. 51 8.3.CasesofRapeandSexualAbuseofJuvenileOffenders. 52 8.4.Conclusion................................ 55 8.5.Recommendations............................ 55 9.Women'sRights............................ 56 9.1.Legislation................................ 56 9.2.Practice.................................. 58 9.3.Conclusion................................ 59 9.4.Recommendations............................ 59 10.TraffickinginHumanBeings.................... 60 10.1.Legislation............................... 60 10.2.Practice................................. 61 10.3.Conclusion............................... 63 10.4.Recommendations........................... 63 HUMAN RIGHTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA IN 2005 . 64 I INTRODUCTION . 64 6 Contents IIHUMANRIGHTSINLEGISLATION.................. 66 III INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS . 73 1. Prohibition of Discrimination and Political Rights . 73 2. Right to a Fair Trial and the State of the Judiciary . 76 3.MinorityRights............................. 77 4.Economic,SocialandCulturalRights................ 80 4.1.RighttoWork.............................. 81 4.2. Right to pension, disability and health insurance . 83 IVCONCLUSION.............................. 89 HUMANRIGHTSINBULGARIAIN2005............ 91 I INTRODUCTION . 91 II INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS . 92 1.RighttoLife.............................. 92 2. Prohibition of Torture, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment orPunishment............................. 93 2.1.ConditionsinDetentionFacilities................... 93 2.1.1.Prisons................................. 93 2.1.2.InvestigativeDetentionFacilities................... 95 3.RighttoLibertyandSecurityofPerson............... 96 4. Right to a Fair Trial and Independence of the Judiciary . 97 5. Freedom of Thought, Conscience, Religion and Belief . 99 6.FreedomofExpression......................... 100 7. Freedom of Association and Peaceful Assembly . 102 8. Minority Protection, Protection from Discrimination, Aggressive Nationalism and Xenophobia . 103 9. Discrimination of People with Mental Disorders in Institutions............................... 105 10.RighttoAsylumandMigrantRights................ 106 11. Women's Rights, Violence against Women andGenderDiscrimination...................... 110 11.1.DomesticViolence........................... 110 11.2.TraffickinginWomen......................... 113 11.3.GenderDiscrimination......................... 117 12.SocialRights............................. 117 12.1.RestructuringandUnemployment................... 118 12.2.IncomeErosion............................. 118 12.3.LabourMarketInsecurity....................... 118 7 Regional Human Rights Report 2005 12.4.DeterioratingSocialSafetyNets................... 119 12.5.TheGenderDimensionsofPoverty.................. 119 12.6.CivilandSocialDialogue....................... 120 HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA IN 2005 . 121 I INTRODUCTION . 121 IIHUMANRIGHTSINLEGISLATION.................. 123 1. Constitutional Provisions on Human Rights . 123 2. Right to an Effective Legal Remedy . 128 2.1.OrdinaryLegalRemedies........................ 128 2.2.ConstitutionalComplaints........................ 129 2.3. Ombudsman (Ombudsman, Ombudsman for Children, Gender EqualityOmbudsman)......................... 130 III INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS . 134 1.ProhibitionofDiscrimination..................... 134 1.1.Legislation................................ 134 1.2.Practice.................................. 140 2. Right to Liberty and Security of Person and Treatment ofPersonsDeprivedofLiberty.................... 141 2.1.Legislation................................ 141 2.2.Practice.................................. 142 3. Right to a Fair Trial and the State of the Judiciary . 144 3.1.Legislation................................ 144 3.2.Practice.................................. 147 4.MinorityRights............................. 149 4.1.Legislation................................ 149 4.2.Practice.................................. 152 5.Economic,SocialandCulturalRights................ 155 5.1.Legislation................................ 155 5.2.Practice.................................. 157 IVCONCLUSION.............................. 160 HUMAN RIGHTS IN KOSOVO IN 2005 . 162 I INTRODUCTION . 162 IIHUMANRIGHTSINLEGISLATION.................. 164 1. Human Rights in the Constitutional Framework for Provisional Self-GovernmentinKosovo...................... 167 8 Contents 2. Internationally Guaranteed Human Rights in Kosovo . 168 3. Right to an Effective Legal Remedy for Human Rights Violations................................ 169 3.1.General.................................. 169 3.2.OrdinaryLegalRemedies........................ 169 3.3. Rights of Kosovo's Citizens before the European Court of HumanRights.............................. 170 3.4.ConstitutionalAppeal.......................... 171 3.5.KosovoOmbudsperson......................... 171 III INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS . 172 1.RighttoLife.............................. 172 1.1.CapitalPunishment........................... 173 1.2.ArbitraryDeprivationofLife...................... 174 1.3.Abortion................................. 175 2. Prohibition of Torture, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment orPunishment............................. 175 2.1.General.................................. 175 2.2.CriminalProceedingsandExecutionofPenalties........... 177 3. Right to Liberty and Security of Person and Treatment ofPersonsDeprivedofLiberty.................... 179 3.1.General.................................. 179 3.2. Prohibition of Arbitrary Arrest and Deprivation of Liberty . 179 3.3. Right to be informed about the reasons for arrest and the charges.................................. 181 3.4.Righttobebroughtpromptlybeforeajudge............. 182 3.5. Right to Compensation of Damages for Illegal Deprivation ofLiberty................................ 182 4. Right to a Fair
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