American Library Book Catalogues, 1801-1875: a National Bibliography
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U I LUNG I S UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN PRODUCTION NOTE University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library Large-scale Digitization Project, 2007. Occasional Papers No. 203/204 April 1996 AMERICAN LIBRARY BOOK CATALOGUES, 1801-1875: A NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY By Robert Singerman Graduate School of Library and Information Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign © 1996 The Board of Trustees of The University of Illinois Manufactured in the United States of America Printed on acid-free paper ISSN 0276 1769 ISBN 0-87845-098-X OCCASIONAL PAPERS deal with any aspect oflibrarianship and consist of papers that are too long or too detailed for publication in a periodical or that are of specialized or temporary interest. Manuscripts for inclusion in this series are invited and should be sent to: OCCASIONAL PAPERS, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, The Publications Office, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 501 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820. Papers in this series are issued irregularly, and no more often than monthly. Individual copies may be ordered; back issues are available. Please check with the publisher: All orders must be accompanied by payment. Standing orders may also be established. Send orders to: OCCASIONAL PAPERS, The Publications Office, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 501 E. Daniel Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820. Telephone 217-333-1359. Email [email protected]. Make checks payable to University of Illinois. Visa, Mastercard, American Express and Discover accepted. James S. Dowling, Managing Editor PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE Leigh Estabrook, Betsy Hearne, D. W. Krummel, E Wilfrid Lancaster, Roger Sutton, Kevin Ward, Robert Wedgeworth Contents Introduction Kenneth E. Carpenter v Author's Foreword 1 Abbreviations 6 National Union Catalog Symbols 7 American Library Book Catalogues, 1801-1875: A National Bibliography 9 Chronological Index 213 Types of Libraries, Collections, and Formats 227 Proprietors of Circulating and Rental Libraries 241 Introduction Kenneth E. Carpenter Assistant Director for Research Resources Harvard University Library Charles Coffin Jewett, as part of preparing the first great survey of Ameri- can libraries, Notices of Public Libraries in the United States of America (Wash- ington, DC, 1851), issued a plea that copies of library catalogues be sent to the Smithsonian Institution: "We would also beg leave, on behalf of the Smithsonian Institution, to solicit for its Library the gift of books, pam- phlets, or articles, printed or written, relative to the history, condition, or prospects of every literary, scientific, and educational establishment in the country; with catalogues (old as well as new) of all libraries. .. " (p. 6). Throughout Jewett's work, he refers to printed catalogues, for he consid- ered record of their publication to be a crucial element of information about the libraries. Jewett also repeatedly cited information drawn from library catalogues, for they often contained historical sketches. The next great survey of American libraries, William J. Rhees' Manual of Public Libraries, Institutions, and Societies, in the United States, and British Provinces of North America (Philadelphia, PA, 1859), recorded that the efforts of the Smithsonian Institution, initiated byJewett, had been successful: "The Smithsonian Institution has endeavored for many years to procure all the catalogues of public libraries which have been printed, and it is believed has now the largest collection of this kind to be found in this country" (p. xiv). Rhees, like his predecessor, used the collection of catalogues in his work, for he often quotes from catalogues, especially from the extensive historical account that is sometimes a part of a catalogue. The Smithsonian was right to collect library catalogues and Jewett and Rhees to use them, for they are a unique source of information about Ameri- can libraries and about the reading matter available to Americans. To the historian today, library catalogues are even more useful than they were to Jewett and Rhees. They at least had the advantage of being able to send out a questionnaire-we cannot. We can only use what has come down to us, and library catalogues constitute the single largest body of primary sources for the history of American libraries before the founding of the American Library Association in 1876. Before then, we have no Library Journal no proceedings of annual meetings, and few annual reports of libraries except INTRODUCTION for the largest institutions. Library catalogues are the one common source that exists for libraries of all sizes and types. Robert Singerman's checklist reveals an extraordinary variety of types of libraries. Following is a brief sample in which the date is that of the first catalogue of a library. There are catalogues of libraries of courts (the Ala- bama Supreme Court, 1859); of states (California, 1855; Maine, 1839; Mas- sachusetts, 1831; Nebraska, 1871; Nevada, 1865; Utah territorial library, 1852) to name only a few; of state agencies (Massachusetts Board of Agri- culture, 1858; New York Secretary of State, 1866) of public archives (Massa- chusetts, 1839); schools of various sorts (Providence, RI, Reform School, 1861); bar association libraries (Ohio County, West Virginia, Law Library, 1871); legislative bodies (South Carolina General Assembly, 1826); chari- table associations (National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Mil- waukee, 1875; Philadelphia Almshouse, 1824; German Society of Pennsyl- vania, Contributing for the Relief of Distressed Germans, 1826); railroad libraries (Boston and Albany Railroad, 1868); a regimental library (36th Illinois Infantry Regiment, sometime in the 1860s); U.S. Batallion of Engi- neers, Willets Point, NY, 1869?; Young Men's Association libraries (New London, CT, 1841; Milwaukee, WI, 1848; Janesville, WI, 1875); YMCA li- braries (Hopkinton, MA, 1874); theological seminary libraries (Associate Presbyterian Church Seminary, Pittsburgh, PA, 1854); military institutes (Virginia Military Institute, 1855); library companies (Harrodsburg, KY, 1823; Reading, PA, 1808; Alexandria, VA, 1801; Woodbury, NJ, 1815); high school libraries (Rutland, VT, 1857); mechanics' institute libraries (Danvers, MA, 1841; Burlington, VT 1847; Nashville, TN, 1842); mercantile libraries (Peoria, IL, 1872; St. Louis, MO, 1850; Philadelphia, PA, 1821; Galveston, TX, 1871); reading room associations (Spring Garden, Philadelphia, Free Reading Room Association, 1851); medical societies (Boston Medical Li- brary, 1807; South Carolina, Charleston, 1806); libraries for readers of lan- guages other than English (the Leihbibliothek of M. H. Kappelmann & Co., Charleston, SC, 1850; Deutsches Institut ffir Wissenschaft, Kunst und Gewerbe, St. Louis, MO, 1860; English and French Family Circulating Li- brary, Philadelphia, PA [186-?]; Turn-Gemeinde of Cincinnati, OH, 1866); apprentices' libraries (Morristown, NJ, 1848); lyceum libraries (Franklin Lyceum of Providence, RI, 1857); historical societies (Presbyterian Histori- cal Society, Philadelphia, PA, 1865); hospitals (Pennsylvania Hospital, Phila- delphia, 1806); horticultural societies (Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, 1840); agricultural societies (Albany, 1850); scientific libraries (Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 1847); trades (Carpenters' Company, Philadel- phia, PA, 1857); athenaeum libraries (Zanesville, OH, 1831); womens' li- braries (libraries of colleges for women, as Wesleyan Female College of Cincnnnati, OH, 1859; Traverse City, MI, Ladies' Library Association, 1875; Ladies Society, Topsfield, MA, 1852; Ladies' Physiological Institute, Boston, vi INTRODUCTION MA, 1851; Ladies' Sigourney Library, Logansport, IN, 1852); music librar- ies (Koppitz's Musical Library ... in Possession of N. Lothian, Musical Di- rector, Boston Theatre, ca. 1875); mill and factory libraries (Boston Rub- ber Shoe Company, Malden, MA, 1873; Pacific Mills Library, Lawrence, MA, 1855); prison (Illinois State Penitentiary, 1874; Massachusetts State Prison, 1870); fraternal organizations (Odd Fellows' Library, Boston, 1875; Freema- sons, Iowa City, IA, 1873). Only one African American library catalogue survives. To these must be added libraries that term themselves "social libraries" and later "public libraries," and, of course, church libraries and Sunday school libraries, of which thousands existed; Rhees suggests 30,000. There were also commercial circulating libraries. Colleges and universities, of course, had libraries, as did the student societies. The variety of libraries is such that this checklist of catalogues will be useful to cultural historians with diverse interests, not only library histori- ans. As historians use it, many more catalogues will very likely be identified in collections that are not catalogued or not catalogued online. Somewhere a copy may exist of the 52-page catalogue ofWinsor's Circulat- ing Library, 1852. The 2,000 copies of this Providence circulating library cost $90 to produce, and Rhees recorded its existence; but none could be found today. Likewise, no copy is recorded today of the 1857 catalogue of the Ohio Mechanics' Institute in Cincinnati, printed in 1857 in an edition of 1,000 cop- ies. Thanks, no doubt, to the collecting of the Smithsonian Institution, one copy exists of the 1851 catalogue of the Public School Library in Ibughkeepsie, New York, but none of the 1855 supplement cited by Rhees. These works were