DOCSLIB.ORG

C02-Opname Bij CAM Planten Bromelia's, Phalaenopsis, Kalanchoe En Andere

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
C02-Opname Bij CAM Planten Bromelia's, Phalaenopsis, Kalanchoe En Andere PRAKTIJ KDNDERZDEK PLANT & DMGEVING C02-opname bijCA Mplante n Bromelia's, Phalaenopsis, Kalanchoe enander e Literatuurstudie M.G.Warmenhove n Tj. Blacquière Praktijkonderzoek Plant &Omgevin g B.V. Sector Glastuinbouw September 2001 Publicatienummer 255 WAB E N I N G E N r Inhoudsopgave pagina 1 SAMENVATTING 5 2 INLEIDING 7 3 METHODE 9 4 CRASSULACEANACI DMETABOLIS M(CAM ) 11 4.1 WATi sCAM ? 11 4.1.1 Welke vormen vanfotosynthes e zijner ? 11 4.1.2 CAM - fotosynthese nader bekeken 13 4.2 INVLOEDOMGEVINGSFACTORE N 16 4.2.1 C02 16 4.2.2 Temperatuur 18 4.2.3 Licht 19 4.2.4 Water(stress)/ zoutstress 20 4.2.5 Diverse invloeden 21 4.3 WELKEPLANTE NZIJ NCAM ? 22 4.4 WELKE METHODENZIJ NE RO MNIEUW ESOORTE NE NCULTIVAR ST ESCREENE NO PEVENTUEL ECA M - FOTOSYNTHESE 23 5 DISCUSSIE 25 6 LITERATUUR " 27 1 Samenvatting Indi t rapport wordt ingegaan op devolgend e vragen: 1)wa t isCA M2 )welk e soorten/cultivars zijnCA Me n 31ho eku nj e hetCA Mmechanism e aantonen.Voo r deopnam eva nC0 2 (viad e huidmondjes) zijni nhe t plantenrijk een drietal mechanisme aanwezig,C 3 -,C 4 -e nCA M-fotosynthese . BijC 3-fotosyntheseword t C02 door Rubisco direct aanee nC 5suikergebonde nwaarn a C3suikersworde n gevormd. Rubisco bindt echter ook vaak- per ongeluk - zuurstof (fotorespiratie) waardoor energie verloren gaat. Inwarmer e klimaten zal defotorespirati e toenemen eni s het dus belangrijk dat de opname van C02 wordt aangepast. Door het C02 specifieke enzym PEP-carboxylaseword t geen zuurstof gebonden.C 4-fotosynthesebind t C02 met PEP-carboxylase waarna hetvi a eentransportmolecuu l (meestal malaat) naar cellen vand e vaatbundelschede wordt getransporteerd. Hierword t deC0 2 weer afgesplitst omverde r via hetC 3 mechanisme (Rubisco) suiker te vormen.Voo r defotosynthes e istoetredin g van C02 in hetweefse l noodzakelijk. Daartoe heeft de plant huidmondjes. Echter door de huidmondjes verliest de planttegelij k veelwate r (verdamping). Dit dilemma wordt nog urgenter bijwate r tekort. Eenoplossin gvoo r dit dilemma is het CAM: C02 wordt door dehuidmondje s op eenveili g moment opgenomen: ind e nacht. Dani s hetkoe l endonker , waardoor het water verlies gering is. Overdag zijn dehuidmondje s dan dicht. Evenals bij de C4- fotosynthese bindt, bij CAM- fotosynthese , het enzym PEP-carboxylase de C02. Hetmalaa t wordt dannaa r devacuol e getransporteerd engedurend e denach t opgeslagen. Overdagword t het malaat uit devacuol e getransporteerd enC0 2 afgesplitst omverde r het C3-mechanismete volgen- daarbij is licht nodig.D e fixatie van C02 is dus bij C4-fotosyntheseruimtelij k gescheiden enbi j CAM -fotosynthes e in detij d gescheiden. CAM-cyclinge nCA M -idlin g zijnvariante nva n CAM -fotosynthes e waarbij C02 wordt hergebruikt. Daarnaast zijn erfacultatiev e CAM- planten ,afhankelij k vand eomstandighede n vertonen deze C3-,C 4- of CAM - fotosynthese. Wanneer deC0 2 concentratie wordtverhoog d kanoo k bij sommige CAM- plante nd e C02 opname toenemen (vaak meer biomassa). Deextr a opname wordt vooral gerealiseerd bij de overgangva ndonke r naar licht enlich t naar donker waar deCA M- fotosynthes e wordt overgenomen door C3-fotosyntheseo f omgekeerd. Hetverhoge n vand e C02 concentratie kanhe ttijdsti p waarop de huidmondjes opengaa n vervroegen. Optimale CAM- fotosynthes e vindt plaats bij eenwarm e dagtemperatuur enee nkoel e nachttemperatuur. Extreme dagtemperaturen zullen de nachtelijke C02 opname sterk reduceren. Hetverhoge nva nd elichtintensitei t kanresultere n inee nafnam e vand e C02 opname.Verde r verhogenva n de lichtintensiteit zal de opname overdag stoppen. Droogtestress geeft op denduu r dezelfde effecten. Welkfotosynthesepa d wordt gebruikt door de plant is sterk afhankelijk van de beschikbaarheid vanwater , zon of schaduw end e temperatuur. Perfamili e is aangegevenwelk e plantenvolgen s deliteratuu r CAM -o f C3-fotosynthese bedrijven. Het bepalen vand e malaat concentratie of totaal titreerbaar zuur ind e plant zijnnaas t hetvolge n vand e C02 uitwisseling gedurende de dag demees t simpele methode omCA M- fotosynthes e vastte stellen. Inleiding CAMplante n nemennie t overdag maar "s nachts C02 op. Dit mechanisme komt o.a. voor bij Bromelia's, Phalaenopsis enKalancho ë Plantenzij nechte r soms niet obligaat CAM-plant,o f kunnenva n systeem wisselen afhankelijk van omstandigheden,e n insommig e families of geslachten is de ene soort wel CAM- plant, maar eenander e niet. Toegespitst per soort liggen er devolgend evragen : Bromelia's: -welk e soorten/cultivars zijn CAM,e ni nhoeverr e -ho e kan dat eenvoudig gescreend worden,oo k voor nieuwe soorten encultivar s Phalaenopsis: -i s Phalaenopsisstrik tCAM ? Doel: Het doelva n deze literatuurstudie omaa nd e handva nverschene n publicaties inzicht te krijgenin : Wati sCA M Eeninventarisati e vanwelk e soorten/cultivars zijnCA M Methode om CAMmechanism e aant e tonen Daarnaast zalgekeke n worden of op devolgend e vragen een antwoord kanworde ngegeven : Hoeveel licht overdag isvoldoend e om de C02 opnamecapaciteit 's nachtste benutten,e n omgekeerd? Hoe lang magd e dagworde nverleng d met bijv. assimilatiebelichting zonder dat de nachtelijke C02 opname ind ekne lkomt ? Wat stuurt de huidmondjesopening: dag/nacht ritme of gaanz e alvoo r donker weer open? Methode Voor de litteratuurstudie zijnd evolgend e bestandengeraadpleegd : • Agralin (Agrarisch Literatuur Informatiesysteem Nederland) • C.A.B. (Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux) Voor het zoeken zijn detrefwoorde n C02, CAMe nd e combinatie C02 * CAMgebuikt . Vervolgens isd e geschikte literatuur gescreend enopgevraagd . Met behulpva nwa t hoofdstukken uit leerboeken enee n monografie over CAMi s daarna eenraamwer k gemaakt waarin degeleze n literatuur wordt gepast: • CAMalgemeen :wa t is het, hoewerk t het. • Welke omgevingsfactoren hebben invloed op het al dannie t gebruiken vanhe t CAMpa ddoo r bepaalde planten. • Welke soorten uit het sierteeltsortiment zijn(mogelijk )CAM-plant . • Welke methoden zijn er, liefst eenvoudige, om nieuwe soorten encultivar s te screenen op eventuele CAM-fotosynthese Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) 4.1 Wati s CAM? 4.1.1 Welkevorme n vanfotosynthes e zijner ? Het omzetten vanenergi e uit zonlicht naar chemische energie is voornamelijk voorbehouden aangroen e planten. Door deopnam e vankoolzuurga s enwate r worden m.b.v.va nd e zonne-energie suiker enzuursto f gevormd. Deoverallreacti e van defotosynthes e isal s volgt: koolzuurgas + water + energie =>suike r + zuurstof Deabsorpti e vanzonne-energi e vindt plaats ind e pigmenten. Bijhoger e planten gaat het hier om chlorofyllen encarotenoïden . Door deabsorpti e vanlich t komt een ketenva nelektronentranspor t opgang. Tijdens het elektronentransport worden energierijke verbindingen gevormd alsAT Pe n NADPH. Hetfotosynthes e proces kanworde n onderverdeeld intwe e type reacties: 1) Processen die lichtafhankelijke zijn(lichtreacties ) zoals het splitsen vanwate r end evormin gva n energierijke verbindingen ATPe n NADPH. 2) Processen die niet lichtafhankelijk zijn(donkerreacties ) zoals de reductie van C02 end evormin gva n suikers. Hiervoor worden de energierijke verbindingen ATPe n NADPHgebruikt . Koolzuurgas (C02)word t via dehuidmondje s ingevangen.D emanie r waarop C02word t opgenomene n verder verwerkt tot suikers via drie verschillende padenverlopen ; C3; C4-,e nCA M- fotosynthese .D e belangrijkste factoren die kan bepalenwel k van depade ngebruik t wordt is de beschikbaarheid vanwate r enC0 2. C3-fotosynthese InC 3-fotosyntheseword t C02 ind e mesofylcellen (bevinden zich direct achter de huidmondjes) door het enzym Rubisco gebonden aanC 5-suike r (Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate ) tot een instabiele C6verbindin gdi e direct uiteen valt intwe e C3stukje s (PGA- 3-Phosphoglycerate)waarui t het C3-suike r Triose wordt gevormd. Rubisco bindt ook vaak- per ongeluk - zuurstof (fotorespiratie). Door devee l hogere zuurstof concentratie (20%)da n koolzuurgas (0,035%) komt dit nogal eensvoor . Het bindenva nzuursto f resulteert nietto t de inbouw vankoolsto f engeef t dus energieverlies. C3-fotosynthese , opnamee n verwerking,vind t overdag plaats. Met name inee nklimaa t met hoog licht, waar deverhoudin g CCyC^ noglage r is,za l fotorespiratie toenemen. Verder zijn inee n klimaat met hoog licht de belangenva n defotosynthes e (huidmondjes open voor een goede uitwisseling vanC0 2 met deomgeving ) tegenstrijdig met die vand e waterbalans (huidmondjes dicht om uitdroging te voorkomen). Omdez e problemen opte vangen hebben plantenee n tweetal mechanismen ontwikkeld: C4-fotosynthese Doel:fotorespirati e vermijden. InC 4-fotosynthes e wordt C02 ind emesofylcelle n door het enzym PEP-carboxylase gebonden aanee n drager molecuul (fosfo-enolpyruvaat- PEP )waarn a malaat of asparaat (C4-zuren)ontstaat . Het C4-molecuul malaat/asparaa t wordt getransporteerd naar devaatbundelsched e (een krans met cellen rondd e vaatbundels waarin Rubisco zit). Ind evaatbundelsched e wordt de C02 weer afgesplitst enn ugefixeer d met behulp van Rubiscoal s bij C3-fotosynthese . Daar PEP-carboxylase C02 specifiek isword t er geenzuursto f ingebouwd. Deplaat s vanfixati e van C02 isdu s ruimtelijk gescheiden vand e plaatsva nverwerking . Opd e plaats vanverwerkin g wordt de C02 -concentratie kunstmatig hooggehouden . 11 Donker Licht Atmospheric C0 opname Malaatgeef t C0 af. Opnieuw 2 2 Huidmondjes enfixati e fixatie m.b.v. Rubisco dicht F/guur1 - Crassalusean acid metabolism inbla d(Tai z et. all, 1998. (98)) Tabel1 Algemene karakteristieken Cr C4-,e nCA M- fotosynthese (77, 93, 98) Kenmerk
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Network Scan Data
    Selbyana 15: 132-149 CHECKLIST OF VENEZUELAN BROMELIACEAE WITH NOTES ON SPECIES DISTRIBUTION BY STATE AND LEVELS OF ENDEMISM BRUCE K. HOLST Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, USA ABSTRACf. A checklist of the 24 genera and 364 native species ofBromeliaceae known from Venezuela is presented, including their occurrence by state and indications of which are endemic to the country. A comparison of the number of genera and species known from Mesoamerica (southern Mexico to Panama), Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas (Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana), Ecuador, and Peru is presented, as well as a summary of the number of species and endemic species in each Venezuelan state. RESUMEN. Se presenta un listado de los 24 generos y 364 especies nativas de Bromeliaceae que se conocen de Venezuela, junto con sus distribuciones por estado y una indicaci6n cuales son endemicas a Venezuela. Se presenta tambien una comparaci6n del numero de los generos y especies de Mesoamerica (sur de Mexico a Panama), Colombia, Venezuela, las Guayanas (Guyana, Suriname, Guyana Francesa), Ecuador, y Peru, y un resumen del numero de especies y numero de especies endemicas de cada estado de Venezuela. INTRODUCTION Bromeliaceae (Smith 1971), and Revision of the Guayana Highland Bromeliaceae (Smith 1986). The checklist ofVenezuelan Bromeliaceae pre­ Several additional country records were reported sented below (Appendix 1) adds three genera in works by Smith and Read (1982), Luther (Brewcaria, Neoregelia, and Steyerbromelia) and (1984), Morillo (1986), and Oliva-Esteva and 71 species to the totals for the country since the Steyermark (1987). Author abbreviations used last summary of Venezuelan bromeliads in the in the checklist follow Brummit and Powell Flora de Venezuela series which contained 293 (1992).
    [Show full text]
  • Crassulaceae, Eurytoma Bryophylli, Fire, Invasions, Madagascar, Osphilia Tenuipes, Rhembastus Sp., Soil
    B I O L O G I C A L C O N T R O L O F B R Y O P H Y L L U M D E L A G O E N S E (C R A S S U L A C E A E) Arne Balder Roderich Witt A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy JOHANNESBURG, 2011 DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my own, unaided work. It is being submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted before for any degree or any other examination in any other University. ______________________ ______ day of ______________________ 20_____ ii ABSTRACT Introduced plants will lose interactions with natural enemies, mutualists and competitors from their native ranges, and possibly gain interactions with new species, under new abiotic conditions in their new environment. The use of biocontrol agents is based on the premise that introduced species are liberated from their natural enemies, although in some cases introduced species may not become invasive because they acquire novel natural enemies. In this study I consider the potential for the biocontrol of Bryophyllum delagoense, a Madagascan endemic, and hypothesize as to why this plant is invasive in Australia and not in South Africa. Of the 33 species of insects collected on B. delagoense in Madagascar, three species, Osphilia tenuipes, Eurytoma bryophylli, and Rhembastus sp. showed potential as biocontrol agents in Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • An Alphabetical List of Bromeliad Binomials
    AN ALPHABETICAL LIST OF BROMELIAD BINOMIALS Compiled by HARRY E. LUTHER The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens Sarasota, Florida, USA ELEVENTH EDITION Published by the Bromeliad Society International June 2008 ii INTRODUCTION TO EDITION XI This list is presented as a spelling guide for validly published taxa accepted at the Bromeliad Identification Center. The list contains the following information: 1) Genus number (the left-hand number) based on the systematic sequence published in the Smith & Downs monograph: Bromeliaceae (Flora Neotropica, number 14, parts 1-3; 1974, 1977, 1979). Whole numbers are as published in the monograph. 2) Species number (the second number) according to its systematic position in the monograph. Note: Taxa not included in the monograph or that have been reclassified have been assigned numbers to reflect their systematic position within the Smith & Downs framework (e.g., taxon 14.1 is related to taxon 14). The utility of this method is that one may assume for example that Tillandsia comarapaensis (150.2) is related to T. didisticha (150) and therefore may have certain horticultural qualities in common with that species. 3) Genus and species names follow the respective numbers. 4) Subspecific taxa (subspecies, varieties, forms) names are indented below the species names. Note: Variety "a" (the type variety) is not listed unless it contains a form (see Aechmea caudata ). Similarly, the type form is not listed. 5) Author name follows the specific and subspecific names. These names are included for the convenience of specialist users of the list. This list does not contain publication data or synonymy, as it is not our intent for it to be a technical nomenclatural guide.
    [Show full text]
  • Implications of Leaf Anatomy and Stomatal Responses in the Clusia Genus for the Evolution of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
    Implications of leaf anatomy and stomatal responses in the Clusia genus for the evolution of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism 1 To those who believe in science as a tool for a better future 2 Declaration I hereby certify that this thesis is the result of my own investigations and that no part of it has been submitted for any degree other than the Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. All references to the work of others are duly acknowledged. Victoria Andrea Barrera Zambrano 3 Table of Contents Acknowledgments ...................................................................................................... 11 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. 12 Abstract ...................................................................................................................... 15 Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................................. 16 1.1 The Clusia genus .................................................................................................. 17 1.2 CAM evolution ..................................................................................................... 22 1.2.1 Evolution of CAM in Clusia .......................................................... 23 1.3 Crassulacean Acid Metabolism ............................................................................ 25 1.3.1 Carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme control in the CAM pathway 29 1.3.2 Circadian
    [Show full text]
  • Succulents-Plant-List-2021.Pdf
    Rutgers Gardens Spring Plant Sale 2021 ‐ SUCCULENTS (all plants available from May 1) Scientific name Cultivar name, notes Common name Adromischus cristatus crinkle‐leaf plant, key lime pie Aeonium percarneum kiwi aeonium Agave americana century plant Agave americana Marginata century plant Agave montana Agave schidigera (Agave filifera var. schidigera) Aloe Delta Lights Aloe arborescens Octopus Aloe Bulbine frutescens Hallmark Coprosma Evening Glow mirror plant Crassula Tom Thumb Crassula Small Red Carpet Crassula falcata propeller plant Crassula ovata Gollum jade tree Crassula ovata Hummel's Sunset golden jade tree Crassula pellucida Variegata calico kitten crassula Crassula perforata string of buttons Cremnosedum Little Gem Delosperma echinatum pickle plant Disocactus anguliger Epiphyllum anguliger fishbone cactus, zig zag cactus Echeveria Pearl Von Nurmberg Echeveria Elegans hens and chicks Echeveria Woolly Rose hens and chicks Echeveria gibbiflora Echeveria nodulosa Echeveria runyonii Topsy Turvy Echeveria setosa Euphorbia Sticks on Fire red pencil tree, fire sticks Euphorbia lactea f. cristata coral cactus Euphorbia mammillaris indian corn cob Euphorbia milii dwarf crown of thorns Euphorbia milii crown of thorns Faucaria tuberculosa tiger jaws Gasteria Little Warty Graptopetalum paraguayense mother‐of‐pearl‐plant, ghost plant Graptosedum Vera Higgins Graptosedum Darley Sunshine Haworthiopsis attenuata var. Big Band zebra plant Haworthiopsis tessellata (Haworthia t.) Haworthiopsis venosa (Haworthia v.) Kalanchoe Silver Spoons Kalanchoe
    [Show full text]
  • FLORIDA WEST COAST BROMELIAD SOCIETY 1954-2014 Celebrating 60 Years of Bromeliads Floridabromeliads.Org
    FLORIDA WEST COAST BROMELIAD SOCIETY 1954-2014 Celebrating 60 Years of Bromeliads floridabromeliads.org November 2014 Newsletter NEXT MEETING Date & Time: Location: Tuesday, November 4 Good Samaritan Church Doors open at 7 pm; meeting starts at 7:30 6085 Park Boulevard Pinellas Park, Florida 33781 Program Member Dave Johnston will give an interactive educational program on a range of bromeliad topics such as general bromeliad knowledge, plant identification, and famous bromeliad people. His Powerpoint presentation will be in a question-and-answer format, sort of a Bromeliad Jeopardy! He will pose a series of bromeliad-related questions and award prizes for correct answers. If you want to participate in the question-and-answer parts, bring a pen or pencil to keep score and Dave will supply score cards. And if not, come, sit, and listen because Dave’s talks are always crammed with information. Plant Sales The speaker will be the sole plant vendor for this meeting and there will be no member plant sales. 2015 Officers and Trustees Election At the November meeting members will vote on a slate of nominees for our 2015 officers and trustee, as follows: President Ashley Graham Vice President Larry Sousa Secretary Sal Vactor Treasurer Gary Lund Trustee (three-year term) Barbra Stayer (to serve from 2015 through 2017) Additional candidates may be added to the slate, with permission of the nominee, any time before the voting takes place. If you want to make a nomination or run for one of these offices, contact Carol Schultz, Nominating Committee Chairman, at [email protected]. OCTOBER MEETING HIGHLIGHTS Program In his talk Bromeliads – Are They Better in the Bahamas? Jay Thurrott gave us insight into how folks in the Bahamas grow bromeliads and the difficulties they experience in their efforts.
    [Show full text]
  • AUTOR: Nelson Armando Jaramillo Díaz DIRECTOR
    UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LOJA ÁREA AGROPECUARIA Y DE RECURSOS NATURALES RENOVABLES CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA FORESTAL ESTRUCTURA FUNCIONAL DE COMUNIDADES DE BROMELIÁCEAS CON ÉNFASIS EN EL FLUJO DE METANO, AGUA Y NUTRIENTES A LO LARGO DE LA GRADIENTE ALTITUDINAL DE LA CUENCA AMAZÓNICA ECUATORIANA Tesis de Grado, previa a la obtención del Título de Ingeniero Forestal AUTOR: Nelson Armando Jaramillo Díaz DIRECTOR: Zhofre Aguirre Mendoza, Ph. D Loja – Ecuador 2015 i CERTIFICACIÓN Ing. Zhofre Aguirre Mendoza, Ph. D DIRECTOR DE TESIS CERTIFICA: Que la tesis titulada “ESTRUCTURA FUNCIONAL DE COMUNIDADES DE BROMELIÁCEAS CON ÉNFASIS EN EL FLUJO DE METANO, AGUA Y NUTRIENTES A LO LARGO DE LA GRADIENTE ALTITUDINAL DE LA CUENCA AMAZÓNICA ECUATORIANA”, de autoría del egresado Nelson Armando Jaramillo Díaz, ha sido dirigida, revisada y aprobada en su integridad, por lo que autorizo su publicación y difusión. Loja, mayo del 2015 .......................................................... Ing. Zhofre Aguirre Mendoza Ph. D DIRECTOR DE TESIS ii EL TRIBUNAL CALIFICADOR DE LA TESIS “ESTRUCTURA FUNCIONAL DE COMUNIDADES DE BROMELIÁCEAS CON ÉNFASIS EN EL FLUJO DE METANO, AGUA Y NUTRIENTES A LO LARGO DE LA GRADIENTE ALTITUDINAL DE LA CUENCA AMAZÓNICA ECUATORIANA” CERTIFICA: En calidad de Tribunal de Calificación de la tesis titulada “ESTRUCTURA FUNCIONAL DE COMUNIDADES DE BROMELIÁCEAS CON ÉNFASIS EN EL FLUJO DE METANO, AGUA Y NUTRIENTES A LO LARGO DE LA GRADIENTE ALTITUDINAL DE LA CUENCA AMAZÓNICA ECUATORIANA”, de autoría del egresado Nelson Armando Jaramillo Díaz, ha sido dirigida, revisada e incorporadas todas las sugerencias efectuadas por el Tribunal Calificador, y luego de su revisión se ha procedido a la respectiva calificación y aprobación.
    [Show full text]
  • Buy Kalanchoe Beharensis Felt Bush, Kalanchoe Beharensis Maltese Cross - Succulent Plant Online at Nurserylive | Best Plants at Lowest Price
    Buy kalanchoe beharensis felt bush, kalanchoe beharensis maltese cross - succulent plant online at nurserylive | Best plants at lowest price Kalanchoe beharensis felt bush, Kalanchoe beharensis maltese cross - Succulent Plant It is a slow growing succulent tree-like shrub. Rating: Not Rated Yet Price Variant price modifier: Base price with tax Price with discount ?499 Salesprice with discount Sales price ?499 Sales price without tax ?499 Discount Tax amount Ask a question about this product Description With this purchase you will get: 01 Kalanchoe beharensis felt bush, Kalanchoe beharensis maltese cross Plant 01 3 inch Grower Round Plastic Pot (Black) Description for Kalanchoe beharensis felt bush, Kalanchoe beharensis maltese cross 1 / 3 Buy kalanchoe beharensis felt bush, kalanchoe beharensis maltese cross - succulent plant online at nurserylive | Best plants at lowest price Plant height: 5 - 8 inches (12 - 21 cm) Plant spread: It has folded, olive-green, slightly-triangular leaves with small brown hairs. Common name(s): Kalanchoe felt bush, Kalanchoe maltese cross, Elephant Ear Kalanchoe, Velvet Elephant Ear Flower colours: Greenish yellow Bloom time: Winter Max reachable height: Up to 12 feet Difficulty to grow: Easy to grow Planting and care During the winter, keep at a south-facing window. Re-pot when the plant performs clump and goes beyond the pot size. It should be done before or after the rainy season and in the spring season. Re-pot with the following proportions: 3 parts of potting soil, 1 part of grit (pumice), 1 part of the horticultural-grade sand, 1/2 part of the compost etc. Sunlight: Full sun, partial sun, at least 4 to 6 hours of sunlight per day.
    [Show full text]
  • Aechmea Brevicollis
    Bromelcairns Bimonthly Newsletter of Cairns Bromeliad Societ Inc. 2013 # 4 P.O. Box 28 Cairns Queensland 4870 Austalia President Bob Hudson 0740533913 V-President Karen Stevens 0740361086 Secretary Lynn Hudson 0740533913 Treasurer Dave Weston 0740578604 Librarian Sharron Miller 0740322283 Editor Lynn Hudson 0740533913 Editor Assist. Gail Taifalos 0740392787 Member Concierge Nalda Wilson 0740544825 Popular Vote Steward Karen Cross 0740545497 OIC Raffles Lesley Hepburn 0488788892 Honorary Life Member - Grace Goode O.A.M. Honorary Life Member - Kay Edington Life Member - Lynn Hudson Life Member - Robert (Bob) Hudson ******************************************************************** Aims of the Society Promote and Develop Interest in Bromeliads through Friendship To Co-operate with similar Clubs throughout the World ******************************************************************** Membership Fee: $15 Single, $25 Family, Country Member $25. $7.50 junior (if not in family membership) Meetings start at 1.pm sharp first Saturday of the month. Please bring a cup and a chair. Library: All books & magazines borrowed are to be returned in good order to the following meeting. If not on wait list, they may be rebooked. Plant Display/Sales: To participate, a member must be financial and circumstances permitting, have attended at least three meetings in the past six months. Where the society is charged a stall fee - 20% of sales are deducted for club funds. No charge venue & meetings - 10% of sales is deducted. All plants to be clean, free of disease, named and price tagged. Show Plants: Must be the property of and in the custody of the entrant for the past three months. For Society Shows the entrant must be financial and have attended at least three meetings during the past six months.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of Vascular Plants of the Kahuku Addition, Hawai'i
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by ScholarSpace at University of Hawai'i at Manoa PACIFIC COOPERATIVE STUDIES UNIT UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI`I AT MĀNOA David C. Duffy, Unit Leader Department of Botany 3190 Maile Way, St. John #408 Honolulu, Hawai’i 96822 Technical Report 157 INVENTORY OF VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE KAHUKU ADDITION, HAWAI`I VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK June 2008 David M. Benitez1, Thomas Belfield1, Rhonda Loh2, Linda Pratt3 and Andrew D. Christie1 1 Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit (University of Hawai`i at Mānoa), Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, Resources Management Division, PO Box 52, Hawai`i National Park, HI 96718 2 National Park Service, Hawai`i Volcanoes National Park, Resources Management Division, PO Box 52, Hawai`i National Park, HI 96718 3 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, PO Box 44, Hawai`i National Park, HI 96718 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................1 THE SURVEY AREA ........................................................................................................2 Recent History- Ranching and Resource Extraction .....................................................3 Recent History- Introduced Ungulates...........................................................................4 Climate ..........................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Far North Coast Bromeliad Study Group N.S.W
    Far North Coast Bromeliad Study Group N.S.W. Study Group meets the third Thursday of each month Next meeting 21st August 2014 at 11 a.m. Venue: PineGrove Bromeliad Nursery 114 Pine Street Wardell 2477 Phone (02) 6683 4188 Discussion: July 2014 General Discussion Editorial Team: Kay Daniels Trish Kelly Ross Little Helen Clewett [email protected] Statements and opinions expressed in articles are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the Group. Articles appearing in this News Letter may be used in other Publications provided that the source is credited. 1 Meeting 19th June 2014 The meeting was opened at approximately 11:10am. The 23 members and two visitors present were welcomed. A total of six apologies were received. General Business A new book for our ever expanding Library, Jewels of the Jungle, Bromeliaceae of Ecuador, Part 1 by Jose’ M. Manzanares was presented to the Group. The mail for the month was the BSI Journal also to be added to the Library. The Group discussed the request from the Queensland Bromeliad Society for reciprocal exchange of newsletters which has been agreed upon. Ron had a request for someone from the Group to supply a large number of Neoregelia compacta for one of his Op. Shop customers. Ron also reported on Denis Collis, a former member who has been suffering poor health, we extended our best wishes to Denis and his wife. There was the ongoing discussion about labelling seed and seedlings correctly however one can only put on the label what is on the packet to begin with.
    [Show full text]
  • C Values of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Plants Reflect the Proportion of CO2 Fixed During Day and Night?1
    How Closely Do the ␦13C Values of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Plants Reflect the Proportion of CO2 Fixed during Day and Night?1 Klaus Winter* and Joseph A.M. Holtum Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 2072, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama (K.W.); and Department of Tropical Plant Sciences, School of Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia (J.A.M.H.) ␦13 The extent to which Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant C values provide an index of the proportions of CO2 fixed during daytime and nighttime was assessed. Shoots of seven CAM species (Aloe vera, Hylocereus monocanthus, Kalanchoe beharensis, Kalanchoe daigremontiana, Kalanchoe pinnata, Vanilla pauciflora, and Xerosicyos danguyi) and two C3 species (teak [Tectona grandis] and Clusia sp.) were grown in a cuvette, and net CO2 exchange was monitored for up to 51 d. In species ␦13 exhibiting net dark CO2 fixation, between 14% and 73.3% of the carbon gain occurred in the dark. C values of tissues formed inside the cuvette ranged between Ϫ28.7‰ and Ϫ11.6‰, and correlated linearly with the percentages of carbon gained in the light and in the dark. The ␦13C values for new biomass obtained solely during the dark and light were Ϫ Ϫ estimated as 8.7‰ and 26.9‰, respectively. For each 10% contribution of dark CO2 fixation integrated over the entire experiment, the ␦13C content of the tissue was, thus, approximately 1.8‰ less negative. Extrapolation of the observations to plants previously surveyed under natural conditions suggests that the most commonly expressed version of CAM in the field, “the typical CAM plant,” involves plants that gain about 71% to 77% of their carbon by dark fixation, and that the isotopic signals of plants that obtain one-third or less of their carbon in the dark may be confused with C3 plants when identified on the basis of carbon isotope content alone.
    [Show full text]