DOCSLIB.ORG

The Impact of the Givat Assaf Outpost

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Impact of the Givat Assaf Outpost Israeli settlements and outposts in blue, Palestinian towns in green. Givat Assaf can be seen in the center. Photo courtesy of Peace Now. MA'AN Development Center 19 Spotlight Dividing Palestinian Communities: the Impact of the Givat Assaf Outpost • 600,000: Amount of shekels the Israeli Ministry of Housing and Construc- tion invested in Givat Assaf in housing in the first four years of its exis- tence1 • 93.75: Amount of dunums of land on which Givat Assaf is located2 • 100: Percentage of land on which Givat Assaf is located that is private Pal- estinian land, taken from the villages of Deir Dibwan, Beitan, and Burqa3 • 25: Number of caravans for settlers in Givat Assaf as of 20084 • 5: Number of Israeli settlements within a five kilometer radius of Givat Assaf • 30: Approximate number of settler families living in Givat Assaf5 ince the implementation of the Oslo Accords, settlers have established scattered Shilltop outposts with backchannel funding from the State of Israel. These hilltop outposts typically consist of caravan-style housing structures built on hilltops adjacent to Palestinian villages or between two or more Palestinian villages. The residents of these outposts are typically religious and/or nationalist and are responsible for much of the violence inflicted upon nearby Palestinian residents.6 The outpost of Givat Assaf, located 5km east of Ramallah, was established in 2001 and is part of a bloc of settlements that completely separates Ramallah from the Palestinian village of Deir Dibwan and the Jordan Valley.7 North of Givat Assaf are the settlements of Beit El and Ofra, while to the south are the settlements of Pesagot and Kochav Ya’acov. This settlement bloc was established by the organization Gush Emunim and its successor Amana, which aim to settle Jewish Israelis in the occupied Palestinian territories.8 Although the Sasson Report of 2005 defines in the outpost’s evacuation. In addition, Israeli Givat Assaf as an outpost, which means it is politicians have openly declared that this area illegal under both international and Israeli between Beit El and Ofra will become part of law, the State of Israel has repeatedly delayed the State of Israel, in plain violation of interna- attempts to demolish and evacuate the out- tional law.13 Unfortunately, it seems that the post. This is much to the disdain of the Israeli outpost of Givat Assaf will remain in place for High Court, which has declared the outpost the time being, needlessly punishing Pales- slated for demolition.9 In fact, Givat Assaf was tinians in the area and further isolating their supposed to be demolished on July 1, 2012, communities. at the same time as the outpost of Ulpana, but the State of Israel was granted a delay (Endnotes) by the Israeli High Court until February 2013. The State of Israel has argued that new land 1 Peace Now, Outpost Profile. http://peacenow.org.il/ ownership documents have been discovered eng/content/givat-assaf-t-junction. and need to be analyzed thoroughly to truly 2 Peace Now, Outpost Database. http:// determine if the land on which the outposts peacenow.org.il/eng/content/settlements-and- are located is in fact private Palestinian land.10 outposts?page=1&index=g. 3 Peace Now, Outpost Database. http:// Givat Assaf and the rest of this settlement peacenow.org.il/eng/content/settlements-and- bloc serve to further divide the occupied West outposts?page=1&index=g. Bank. The location of the outpost and the 4 Lazaroff, Tovah, “State Asks Court to Delay Givat myriad security measures taken to guard it Assaf Evacuation,” Jerusalem Post (22 June 2012). have greatly infringed upon the rights of Pal- 5 Glickman, Aviad, “Eviction of Givat Assaf Outpost estinians. For example, the main road of the Delayed,” Yedioth Ahronoth (28 November 2011). village of Burqa has been rendered useless 6 Weizman, Eyal, Hollow Land, (New York: 2007), pg. 4. due to Israeli military-created earth mounds 7 Levinson, Chaim-Haaretz, State Requests Additional on the road, forcing over 2,100 Palestinians Delay of Givat Assaf Outpost Demolition (22 June to find alternative routes to reach neighbor- 2012).; Gush Emunim was a political organization ing villages and cities. Moreover, due to the that gained support and momentum in the early 1970s with a Messianic vision of settling the closure of the road, Palestinian farmers have West Bank and Gaza Strip. After the election of a difficult time reaching their land,11 which Menachem Begin in 1977, the organization became makes it easier for settlers from Givat Assaf to ingrained in the ruling governmental party and confiscate the “unused” land. In addition, set- Amana was set up for the purpose of maintaining tlers from Givat Assaf have attacked Burqa’s and supporting settlements. For more information see Michael Feige’s Settling in the Hearts land on a number of occasions.12 8 For more information about Gush Emunim or Burqa is only one of the Palestinian villages Amana, please see Michael Feige’s Settling in the that is affected by this illegal outpost. Pales- Hearts, 2009. tinian villages such as Beiten and Deir Dib- 9 See Summary of the Opinion Concerning wan have been completely cut off from each Unauthorized Outposts, Givat Assaf does not fulfill the requirements needed to be legal even under other as well as from cities like Ramallah and Israeli law, thereby making it an outpost. Nablus and from the Jordan Valley. This not 10 Magnezi, Aviel, “State Seeks High Court Extension only restricts basic rights of movement, but on Givat Assaf,” Yedioth Ahronoth (22 June 2012).; also access to farmland and ability to export It should be noted that this date was just the latest agricultural products. Instead of being able notification of demolition, not the first. to drive a mere five kilometers with their 11 Hass, Amira, “In West Bank, Buying Land Isn’t produce, Palestinian farmers must spend the Always What It Seems,” Haaretz (10 January 2012). extra money to ship their goods on a much 12 Peace Now, Olive Trees Uprooted Near Givat longer route to arrive at the same location. Assaf (13 July 2012). http://peacenow.org.il/eng/ BurqaOlives. Considering the role Givat Assaf plays in frag- 13 Eldar, Akiva & Levinson, Chaim, “Barak: Ofra and menting the continuity of Palestinian land, it is Beit El Settlements would remain in Israel in Final no surprise there have been numerous delays Status Deal,” Haaretz (15 May 2012). ©MA’AN Development Center 2013.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Israel's National Religious and the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict
    Leap of Faith: Israel’s National Religious and the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict Middle East Report N°147 | 21 November 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iv I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Religious Zionism: From Ascendance to Fragmentation ................................................ 5 A. 1973: A Turning Point ................................................................................................ 5 B. 1980s and 1990s: Polarisation ................................................................................... 7 C. The Gaza Disengagement and its Aftermath ............................................................. 11 III. Settling the Land .............................................................................................................. 14 A. Bargaining with the State: The Kookists ................................................................... 15 B. Defying the State: The Hilltop Youth ........................................................................ 17 IV. From the Hills to the State ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • B'tselem 2005 Annual Report
    בצלם - מרכז המידע הישראלי לזכויות האדם בשטחים (ע.ר.) ﺒﺘﺴﻴﻠﻡ - ﻤﺭﻜﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻭﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺴﺭﺍﺌﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﺤﻘﻭﻕ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻀﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻠﻪ B’Tselem – The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories B’Tselem 2005 Activity Report Introduction _______________________________________________________________ 1 Summary of Activities and Highlights___________________________________________ 1 Topics Addressed ___________________________________________________________ 3 Gaza Before and After Disengagement_____________________________________________ 3 Settler Violence ________________________________________________________________ 4 Separation Barrierand Settlement Expansion _______________________________________ 5 Military Accountability _________________________________________________________ 7 Lethal Force during Arrests_____________________________________________________________ 7 Lethal Force and Lack of Military Investigations ____________________________________________ 8 Jerusalem_____________________________________________________________________ 9 Southern Hebron Hills _________________________________________________________ 10 House Demolitions ____________________________________________________________ 10 Death Penalty in the Palestinian Authority ________________________________________ 11 Additional Research Topics ____________________________________________________ 12 Resource and Information Center_____________________________________________ 12 Advocacy and Public Relations _______________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Is It All About Territory? Israel's Settlement Policy in The
    DIIS REPORT 2012:08 DIIS REPORT IS IT ALL ABOUT TERRITORY? ISRAEL’s SETTLEMENT POLICY IN THE OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY SINCE 1967 Leila Stockmarr DIIS REPORT 2012:08 DIIS REPORT DIIS . DANISH INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES 1 DIIS REPORT 2012:08 © Copenhagen 2012, the author and DIIS Danish Institute for International Studies, DIIS Strandgade 56, DK-1401 Copenhagen, Denmark Ph: +45 32 69 87 87 Fax: +45 32 69 87 00 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.diis.dk Cover photo: Bernat Armangue/AP Layout: Allan Lind Jørgensen Printed in Denmark by Vesterkopi AS ISBN 978-87-7605-504-2 Price: DKK 50.00 (VAT included) DIIS publications can be downloaded free of charge from www.diis.dk Hardcopies can be ordered at www.diis.dk Leila Stockmarr, PhD Fellow, Roskilde University [email protected] 2 DIIS REPORT 2012:08 Contents Abstract 4 Dansk resumé 5 Abbreviations 6 Introduction 7 Aim of the report 7 Part 1 10 Back to basics 1: the intertwining of territory and legitimacy 10 The nature and extent of the phenomenon 11 Strategies of legitimisation 13 Part 2 17 The international community’s legal positions on settlements and occupation 17 Occupation 17 Settlements 19 Israeli contra-arguments and ‘legal regime’ 20 Settlers at the frontline – a question of security? 22 Shifting dynamics of the settlers’ influence 23 Restricting use of space: internal closure, planning and zoning 25 Settlements and outposts: a false dichotomy between ‘legal’ and ‘illegal’ 30 Part 3 32 Back to basics 2: asymmetry as a precondition 32 Blurring the lines: Oslo’s failure to halt
    [Show full text]
  • Israeli Nonprofits: an Exploration of Challenges and Opportunities , Master’S Thesis, Regis University: 2005)
    Israeli NGOs and American Jewish Donors: The Structures and Dynamics of Power Sharing in a New Philanthropic Era Volume I of II A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University Department of Near Eastern and Judaic Studies S. Ilan Troen, Advisor In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Eric J. Fleisch May 2014 The signed version of this form is on file in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. This dissertation, directed and approved by Eric J. Fleisch’s Committee, has been accepted and approved by the Faculty of Brandeis University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of: DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Malcolm Watson, Dean Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertation Committee: S. Ilan Troen, Department of Near Eastern and Judaic Studies Jonathan D. Sarna, Department of Near Eastern and Judaic Studies Theodore Sasson, Department of International Studies, Middlebury College Copyright by Eric J. Fleisch 2014 Acknowledgements There are so many people I would like to thank for the valuable help and support they provided me during the process of writing my dissertation. I must first start with my incomparable wife, Rebecca, to whom I dedicate my dissertation. Rebecca, you have my deepest appreciation for your unending self-sacrifice and support at every turn in the process, your belief in me, your readiness to challenge me intellectually and otherwise, your flair for bringing unique perspectives to the table, and of course for your friendship and love. I would never have been able to do this without you.
    [Show full text]
  • Locality Profiles and Needs Assessment in the Ramallah & Al
    Locality Profiles and Needs Assessment in the Ramallah & Al Bireh Governorate ARIJ welcomes any comments or suggestions regarding the material published herein and reserves all copyrights for this publication. This publication is available on the project’s homepage: http://proxy.arij.org/vprofile/ramallah and ARIJ homepage: http://www.arij.org Copyright © The Applied Research Institute – Jerusalem (ARIJ) 2014 Acknowledgments ARIJ hereby expresses its deep gratitude to the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation for Development (AECID) for their funding of this project. ARIJ is grateful to the Palestinian officials in the ministries, municipalities, joint services councils, village committees and councils, the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) and civil society organizations for their assistance and cooperation with the project team members during the data collection process. Editors Jad Isaac Roubina Ghattas Nader Hrimat Contributors Iyad Khalifeh Elia Khalilieh Ayman Abu Zahra Juliette Bannoura Enas Bannourah Nadine Sahouri Hamza Halaybeh Flora Al-Qassis Ronal El Zughayyar Anas Al Sayeh Poppy Hardee Issa Zboun Jane Hilal Suhail Khalilieh Table Of Contents PART ONE: Introduction................................................................................................................ 6 Locality Profiles and Needs Assessment in Ramallah & Al Bireh Governorate....................7 1.1. Project Description and Objectives:.................................................................... 7 1.2. Project Activities:................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Sleight of Hand: Israel, Settlements, and Unauthorized Outposts Daniel Kurtzer
    MEI Policy Focus 2016-24 Sleight of Hand: Israel, Settlements, and Unauthorized Outposts Daniel Kurtzer Middle East Institute Policy Focus Series October 2016 Every U.S. administration since 1967 has opposed Israeli settlement activity, and nearly every Israeli government since 1967 has supported the building and expansion of settlements in occupied territory. Despite continued U.S. objections, Israel continues to flout international law and the commitments it has made to the United States regarding its settlements expansion. Aside from harsh rhetoric, the United States has taken nearly no action against settlements. As a result, the next administration will face the same settlements problem its predecessors have faced, and will need to find a way to balance its support for Israel’s security and its opposition to expanding settlements, which continue to obstruct a path to peace. Key Points ♦ Defying the Elon Moreh Israeli Supreme Court ruling, Israeli settlers have, with government knowledge and support, continued to build settlements on private Palestinian land ♦ President Barack Obama has taken a tougher stance on settlements, heightening his already tense relationship with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu ♦ The next administration could support a U.N. Security Council resolution criticizing settlement construction ♦ The next administration could consider a reduction in aid if Israel does not adhere to its commitment to remove all outposts since 2001 ♦ The next administration could also follow in the footsteps of the E.U. by excluding Israeli goods and services produced in occupied territories from the benefits of our bilateral free trade agreement Daniel Kurtzer Daniel Kurtzer, a mem- Introduction ber of MEI’s Internation- al Advisory Council, is a srael’s settlements policy continues to Professor of Middle East exacerbate the situation on the ground, policy studies at Prince- I ton University’s Wood- and Israel’s bilateral relationship with the row Wilson School of United States and other countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Jerusalem Report on the Israeli Colonization Activities in the West
    Applied Research Institute ‐ Jerusalem (ARIJ) P.O Box 860, Caritas Street – Bethlehem, Phone: (+972) 2 2741889, Fax: (+972) 2 2776966. [email protected] | http://www.arij.org Applied Research Institute – Jerusalem Report on the Israeli Colonization Activities in the West Bank & the Gaza Strip Volume 165, April 2012 Issue http://www.arij.org Bethlehem • The Israeli Occupation bulldozers demolished 2 residential structures and a water collection system owned by resident Laila Jabra Atallah Khalilieh in Al Makhrour area west Beit Jala city. The IO bulldozers also razed 52 electric poles planted in the road leading to Al Makhrour and a paved road. DWG (April 3, 2012). • A group of Israeli settlers have planted saplings on 2,000 square meters of land in the Ein al‐Qassis area of al‐Khader village west of Bethlehem city. The land belongs to Hasan Mousa Hasan, who had planted wheat on the fields. Settlers planted the saplings in an attempt to confiscate more land. Maannews (April 4, 2012) • Israeli Occupation Army (IOA) accompanied by the Israeli Civil Administration uprooted more than 90 Olive trees owned by Al Jbour family in Yatta town under the pretext that the Olive trees are planted on lands owned by the State of Israel. Al Ayyam (April 4, 2012). • Israelʹs Housing Ministry published tenders for the construction of hundreds of new housing units in the east Jerusalem neighborhood of Har Homa, located beyond the Green Line. The five tenders published by the ministry include 827 new housing units, most of which, 632, are to be part of a new section of the neighborhood called Har Homa Gimel, which is slated to be built on an empty hill.
    [Show full text]
  • On International Legal Paradigms and the Legal Status of the West Bank
    Washington University Global Studies Law Review Volume 14 Issue 3 2015 The Astro-Nomos: On International Legal Paradigms and the Legal Status of the West Bank Orna Ben-Naftali Haim Striks School of Law, the College of Management Academic Studies Rafi Reznik Tel-Aviv University Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies Part of the International Law Commons, and the Law and Politics Commons Recommended Citation Orna Ben-Naftali and Rafi Reznik, The Astro-Nomos: On International Legal Paradigms and the Legal Status of the West Bank, 14 WASH. U. GLOBAL STUD. L. REV. 399 (2015), https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_globalstudies/vol14/iss3/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Global Studies Law Review by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE ASTRO-NOMOS: ON INTERNATIONAL LEGAL PARADIGMS AND THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE WEST BANK ORNA BEN-NAFTALI RAFI REZNIK ABSTRACT The continuous Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territory may well have exhausted the international community and exasperated the Palestinians, but it still stimulates the Israeli legal imagination. In 2012, the Israeli government established an expert committee to examine the status of Jewish construction in the West Bank. The committee’s report concluded that from an international legal perspective, the West Bank is not occupied territory; the law of belligerent occupation is not applicable to the area; the “prevailing view” is that Jewish settlements are lawful; and that Israel has a valid claim to sovereignty over the territory.
    [Show full text]
  • The Age of Regularization
    The Age of Regularization The Zandberg Committee Expropriation Report for Retroactive Authorization of Israeli Outposts and Illegal Construction in the Settlements: Analysis, Ramifications and Implementation Position paper January 2019 The Age of Regularization The Zandberg Committee Expropriation Report for Retroactive Authorization of Israeli Outposts and Illegal Construction in the Settlements: Analysis, Ramifications and Implementation Position paper, January 2019 Research and writing: Ziv Stahl Editing: Lior Amihai, Yonatan Kanonich, Miryam Wijler Legal advice: Atty. Michael Sfard, Atty. Ishay Shneydor, Atty. Shlomy Zachary Graphic design: Yuda Dery Studio English translation: Maya Johnston English editing: Leora Gal Yesh Din Public council: Atty. Abeer Baker, Hanna Barag, Dan Bavly, Prof. Naomi Chazan, Ruth Cheshin, Akiva Eldar, Prof. Rachel Elior, Dani Karavan, Adv. Yehudit Karp, Paul Kedar, Dr. Roy Peled, Prof. Uzy Smilansky, Joshua Sobol, Prof. Zeev Sternhell, Yair Rotlevy. Yesh Din Volunteers: Dahlia Amit, Maya Bailey, Hanna Barag, Michal Barak, Atty. Dr. Assnat Bartor, Osnat Ben-Shachar, Rochale Chayut, Beli Deutch, Dr. Yehudit Elkana, Rony Gilboa, Hana Gottlieb, Tami Gross, Dina Hecht, Niva Inbar, Daniel A. Kahn, Edna Kaldor, Nurit Karlin, Ruth Kedar, Lilach Klein Dolev, Dr. Joel Klemes, Bentzi Laor, Judy Lots, Aryeh Magal, Sarah Marliss, Amir Pansky, Talia Pecker Berio, Nava Polak, Dr. Nura Resh, Yael Rokni, Maya Rothschild, Eddie Saar, Idit Schlesinger, Ilana Meki Shapira, Dr. Tzvia Shapira, Dr. Hadas Shintel, Ayala Sussmann, Sara Toledano, Yoram Zeevi. Yesh Din Staff: Firas Alami, Lior Amihai, Yudit Avidor, Maysoon Badawi, Hagai Benziman, Atty. Sophia Brodsky, Mourad Jadallah, Moneer Kadus, Yonatan Kanonich, Atty. Fadia Qawasmi , Atty. Michael Sfard, Ziv Stahl, Alex Vinokorov, Sharona Weiss, Miryam Wijler, Atty.
    [Show full text]
  • Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories
    REPORT ON ISRAELI SETTLEMENT IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORIES A Bimonthly Publication of the Foundation for Middle East Peac e Volum e 19 N umber 4 July-August 2009 A SETTLEMENT FREEZE . OR MORE OF THE SAME By Geoffrey Aronson and seal off East Jerusalem from its It is not surprising that when faced Palestinian hinterland. This project con - with Obama’s demand for a freeze, Never in the forty-two years that tinues despite widespread protest, Israel’s leaders are confident that the Israel has been occupying and settling including a recent, unprecedented public new president’s efforts will be neutral - the West Bank has an Israeli prime ceremony inaugurating a new national ized. Once again they are offering a minister taken seriously, let alone imple - police chief in the imposing police menu of policy compromises—a freeze mented, U.S. demands for a freeze of headquarters built in the eastern part of limited duration and scope, construc - settlement expansion. From the admin - of E-1. tion within existing settlement perime - istration of Lyndon Johnson, when the Prime Ministers Menachem Begin ters, no new settlements or special gov - United States first noted Israel’s viola - and Yitzhak Shamir trumpeted their ernment incentives, “natural growth” to tion of the Fourth Geneva Convention settlement achievements. Many others, accommodate growing settler families prohibiting the transfer of its civilian including Yitzhak Rabin, Ehud Barak, and their everyday needs, and expansion population to the occupied territories, to and Ehud Olmert “talked left and built only in settlement blocs. These artifices the June 4, 2009, declaration in Cairo right.” Whatever the method, Israel has have succeeded for almost five decades, by President Barack Obama rejecting never stopped building settlements and enabling Israel to settle close to half a “the legitimacy of continued Israeli set - related transportation and security infra - million of its citizens in the West Bank, tlements,” Washington’s opposition to structure for settlers.
    [Show full text]
  • 32 New Unauthorized Settlements Underthe Netanyahu Government
    Return 32of new theunauthorized Outpost settlements underthe Netanyahu government Method Settlement Watch, Peace Now, July 2019 TABLE OF CONTENT A. Summary 1 B. The New Outposts: Agricultural Farms 2 C. Educational Institutions and Tourist Site 5 D. Involvement and Assistance by the Authorites 6 E. Direct Implications of the Outposts on Nearby Palestinians 8 F. History of the Outpost Method and Current Status 9 G. Map of the New Outposts 13 הצטרפו אלינו; תרמו למאבק: C | peacenow.org.il 1 הצטרפו אלינו; תרמו למאבק: C | peacenow.org.il 2 Return of the Outpost Method, July 2019 Return of the Outpost Method 32 new unauthorized settlements under the Netanyahu government Settlement Watch, Peace Now, July 2019 A. Summary ................................................................................................................................................................ 1 B. The New Outposts: Agricultural Farms .................................................................................................................. 2 C. Educational Institutions and Tourist Sites .............................................................................................................. 5 D. Involvement and Assistance by the Authorities..................................................................................................... 6 E. Direct Implications of the Outposts on Nearby Palestinians .................................................................................. 8 F. History of the Outpost Method and Current Status ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Israeli Annexation
    BADIL ISRAELI ANNEXATION: ISRAELI ANNEXATION: The Case of ETZION COLONIAL BLOC Israeli Annexation Israeli : The Case of : The Case of BADIL بـديـــــل Resource Center المركز الفلسطيني for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights BLOC لمصـادر OLONIALحقـوق المواطنـة C والـالجئيـنIn conclusion, the manageable realization of de jure annexation is inextricably ETZION Etzion Colonial Bloc Colonial Etzion tied to the establishment of an apartheid state that can dominate and isolate the BADIL has consultative status with UN ECOSOC Palestinian population. In other words, under the guise of occupation, Israel has clearly achieved de facto annexation of large areas, and is evolving its strategy into creeping de jure annexation, underpinned by apartheid. With Israel’s effective control over the occupied territory, the urgency for third party states to act and fulfil their obligations has never been more demanding. The question BADIL بـديـــــل thus remains of how long and intensely Israel will continue its annexation Resource Center املركز الفلسطيني attempts and apartheid rule of a steadfast and perseverant Palestinian people for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights ملصـادر حقـــوق املواطنـة والـالجئيـن before duty bearers intervene to fulfill their obligations to uphold the rights of BADIL has consultative status with UN ECOSOC the Palestinian people in accordance with international law. July 2019 July 2019 Lead Researcher: Melissa Yvonne Editor: Lubnah Shomali Desk Researchers: Amaya al-Orzza, Alice Osbourne, Martina Ramacciotti, Shaina Rose
    [Show full text]