As a Child You Have No Way of Knowing How Fast Or Otherwise The

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

As a Child You Have No Way of Knowing How Fast Or Otherwise The A FOREIGN COUNTRY: GROWING UP IN RHODESIA Nigel Suckling Draft: © January 2021 1 I – MUNALI – 5 II – LIVINGSTONE – 43 III – PARALLEL LIVES – 126 IV – LUSAKA – 212 V – GOING HOME – 244 APPENDIX – 268 2 FOREWORD As a child you have no measure of how fast the world around you is changing. Because you’re developing so quickly yourself, you assume your environment is static and will carry on pretty much the same as you grow into it. This is true for everyone everywhere, naturally. Most old people can, if suitably primed, talk indefinitely about the changes they’ve seen in their lifetimes, even if they’ve never moved from the place where they were born; but some environments change more drastically than others, even without a war to spur things along. One such was Northern Rhodesia in southern Africa in the 1950s and 60s. As white kids growing up then we had no way of knowing, as our parents almost certainly did, just how fragile and transient our conditions were – how soon and how thoroughly the country would become Zambia, with a completely different social order and set of faces in command. The country of course is still there. In many ways its urban centres now look remarkably unchanged due to relative poverty. The houses we grew up in, many of the streets, landmark buildings and landscapes we were familiar with are still recognizably the same, much more so in fact than in many parts of Europe. What has vanished is the web of British colonial superstructure into which I and my siblings were born as privileged members, brief gentry on the cusp of a perfectly justified and largely peaceful revolution that was soon to brush us aside. Then there was Southern Rhodesia, the tale of whose bloody transformation into Zimbabwe is much better known to the world, as is its following and equally bloody decline into chaos and then some semblance of stability under Robert Mugabe and beyond. It plays a supporting role in this account because although my sister, brother and I also lived there for several crucially formative years, we were insulated 3 for much of that time by viewing it from behind the ramparts of boarding school. We caught glimpses and a taste of it which I’ll also describe, but the north was really our home. Also, from Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing onwards, life in Southern Rhodesia has been much better documented than the north and it seems to me that our way of life there in the closing days of Empire deserves more of a record. Northern Rhodesia was always a rather neglected backwater. Apart from the Victoria Falls, which it shared anyway with Southern Rhodesia, its copper mines were its main attraction to the wider world. Even then it did not get full credit for this bounty. During the Second World War it provided most of the copper needed by the Allies but it is unlikely many Americans in particular were aware of this. And the country was only once fleetingly visited by a reigning British monarch. The approach I’ve adopted is much like that of a travel writer. Everyone’s childhood is equally intense and interesting to themselves and those around them. There’s no reason why mine should be especially worthy of attention except that it just happened to take place in unique and largely forgotten circumstances that have since dramatically changed. To the best of my ability this is what it felt like growing up in the British Central African Federation in the 1950s and 60s, with some background information thrown in to give perspectives that I was too young to appreciate or be aware of at the time. 4 - I - MUNALI 1 My earliest memory is of lying in a baby cot looking up at my dad, who was leaning over, beaming and pulling funny faces. I thought he looked wonderful and wanted to be just like him when I grew up, and I can still picture him now as he appeared then. You may think it unlikely not only to be able to remember such a moment a lifetime ago, but also for a baby to have such notions. Well, that’s true up to a point because of course how can a baby have any concept of growing up, let alone wanting to be like another human being? But that’s not to say they don’t have feelings, or instincts like those that prompt freshly hatched ducklings to latch onto the first large creature they see and assume it’s their mother. Babies just lack the words and context to express and understand the instincts that drive them. Probably the reason I still have this memory is that a few years later my brother Chris, my sister Lesley and I were playing a game in which we were comparing our earliest memories. Being the youngest I had the advantage, being that much closer to my beginning; and this cot memory was the earliest I could dredge up – just a flash but it was as vivid as anything else in my memory then. The feeling of wanting to be like my dad was how I described and fixed the infantile moment in my later memory, the closest approximation I could reach to describe a feeling that at the time had been completely visual and instinctive. And the exercise worked because although not strictly accurate, it still conjures a true vision of the moment. 5 To some extent all early memories must be like this – they are memories of memories of what originally happened, refreshed and reinterpreted along the way in the light of later experience, and remembered because in one way or another they were creative episodes in the story of our lives. Otherwise they would simply sink into the undifferentiated compost of experience, which is surely necessary if we are not to be swamped by the weight of the past. So I’m not claiming any perfect objectivity here. What follows is just some of what I remember of growing up in another time and place with as little personal distortion as possible. Even so, much of it now seems like a dream. For both better and worse it is a lost world I will attempt to describe, with certainties and assumptions that often look as quaint now as those of the Victorians. Another random early memory which I cannot date is of the first time I connected ‘chicken’ on the plate with the birds that clucked around farms and African 6 compounds and whose sole purpose I’d previously been aware of had been to produce eggs. ‘Is this the same chicken as the cluck-clucks?’ I asked. There was a sudden hush at the dinner table and nothing was actually said, but the realization dawned on me that the answer was ‘yes’. I stared at my plate comparing the remembered deliciousness of chicken meat with my new sudden scruples. Then the moment for vegetarian conversion passed and I tucked in hungrily. Then (and more relevant perhaps to the point of describing another time and place) there was the party held for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953 when I was three years old. All the children in the neighbourhood came, and more besides who were presumably children of our parents’ friends. Our bikes and trikes were decorated with patriotic red, white and blue crepe paper ribbons and the treats were served up on the red-painted concrete veranda of our white bungalow. On the trestle table were some large china commemorative beakers with an ornamental portrait of the young and beautiful Elizabeth II surrounded by patriotic flags. Holding two of the mugs to my chest I strutted around saying ‘Hey look at me, I’m the Queen of England’. There’s a little grey cloud attached to the end of that memory so I suspect it ended in disgrace and possibly even a slippering. Corporal punishment was a standard part of our parents’ repertoire in those early years, at least for my brother Chris and me. For us boys the warning ‘Just wait till Daddy gets home’ was followed by a standard ritual. When he did arrive back from work, teaching just up the hill at Munali School, we were sent off to wait in the bedroom while the crime was explained. In due course our dad joined us we had to tell our side of the story, make our excuses and then bend over the bed to receive his prescribed number of whacks with the slipper. Chris tended to suffer more of this than I did; partly I think because, as older brother, he was held more responsible for any 7 mischief we got into, which certainly wasn’t always the case and I often took advantage of the prejudice to drop him in it while I got off scot free; but also because he and our father naturally fought a lot anyway. ‘The trouble is they’re too much alike,’ our mother would often sigh as they fell into yet another battle of wills. ‘I’m nothing like him!’ Chris would mutter fiercely if he heard this, but Caryl would just smile knowingly. I can’t remember what disciplines were applied to Lesley. At one of her birthday parties a couple of years later she went round surreptitiously polishing off the dregs of the adults’ drinks and was rushed off to hospital by car in a drunken stupor. When she returned a few hours later, pale and contrite and mortified at having missed the end of her own party, I don’t remember any sanctions at all being applied to her.
Recommended publications
  • 32Nd Edition ANNUAL REPORT
    EZI RI MB VE A R Z ZAMBEZI RIVER AUTHORITY 32nd Edition ANNUAL and Financial Statements for the year ended REPORT 31st December 2019 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 2019 CONTACT INFORMATION LUSAKA OFFICE (Head Office) HARARE OFFICE KARIBA OFFICE Kariba House 32 Cha Cha Cha Road Club Chambers Administration Block P.O. Box 30233, Lusaka Zambia Nelson Mandela Avenue 21 Lake Drive Pvt. Bag 2001, Tel: +260 211 226950, 227970-3 P.O. Box 630, Harare Zimbabwe Kariba Zimbabwe Fax: +260 211 227498 Telephone: +263 24 2704031-6 Tel: +263 261 2146140/179/673/251 e-mail: [email protected] VoIP:+263 8677008291 :+263 VoIP:+2638677008292/3 Web: http://www.zambezira.org/ 8688002889 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] The outgoing EU Ambassador Alessandro Mariani with journalists on a media tour of the KDRP ZAMBEZI RIVER AUTHORITY | 2 ANNUAL REPORT 2019 CONTENTS MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRPERSON ........................................................................4 ZAMBEZI RIVER AUTHORITY PROFILE .......................................................................8 COUNCIL OF MINISTERS ............................................................................................10 BOARD OF DIRECTORS ..............................................................................................11 EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................14 OPERATIONS REPORTS .............................................................................................16 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ...........................................................................................51
    [Show full text]
  • United Kingdom Defence Statistics 2010
    UNITED KINGDOM DEFENCE STATISTICS 2010 th Published: 29 September 2010 DASA (WDS) Tel: 020-7807-8792 Ministry of Defence Fax: 020-7218-0969 Floor 3 Zone K Mil: 9621 78792 Main Building, Whitehall E-mail: [email protected] London SW1A 2HB Web site: http://www.dasa.mod.uk INTRODUCTION Welcome to the 2010 edition of UK Defence Statistics, the annual statistical compendium published by the Ministry of Defence. Changes to UK Defence Statistics (UKDS) this year include a new section on Defence Inflation and an expanded International Defence section in Chapter 1, the restructuring of the Armed Forces Personnel section in Chapter 2, and a new section on Amputations in Chapter 3. UK Defence Statistics (UKDS) is a National Statistics publication, produced according to the standards of the Official Statistics Code of Practice. However some of the tables in UKDS do not have National Statistics status – some are produced by areas outside of the scope of the Government Statistical Service; some do not yet meet all the quality standards of the Official Statistics Code of Practice; and others have not gone through the required assessment process to be classed as National Statistics. All such tables are clearly marked with explanatory notes. This year UKDS is once again being issued as a web document only, due to financial constraints within the Ministry of Defence. Each table and chapter is available in pdf format which is suitable for printing. There is also a pdf version of the entire publication, and of the UKDS factsheet. We have ceased publication of the UKDS pocket cards this year, since they are of limited value in electronic format.
    [Show full text]
  • The Image of the Democratic Soldier in the United Kingdom
    PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE FRANKFURT Simone Wisotzki The Image of the Democratic Soldier in the United Kingdom British Case PRIF- Research Paper No. I/11-2007 © PRIF & Simone Wisotzki 2007 Research Project „The Image of the Democratic Soldier: Tensions Between the Organisation of Armed Forces and the Principles of Democracy in European Comparison“ Funded by the Volkswagen Foundation 2006-2009 Contents 1. Key Features of the Military Organisation and the Civilian Control of the UK Armed Forces 2 2. UK Security and Defence Policy: Political Directives for the Armed Forces 5 3. The Political Discourse on the Future of the Armed Forces and the Professional Soldier 9 4. The Parliamentary Debates and the Attitudes of the British Parties towards the Military 11 5. Public Opinion: The Core Debates on the UK Military and the Democratic Soldier 13 6. NATO, ESDP and the United States: To What Extent Do They Shape the British Armed Forces? 15 Conclusion: The Image of the British Soldier and Issues for Further Debate 16 Bibliography 20 Wisotzki: British Case I/11-2007 2 The following paper aims at describing the civil-military relations in the United Kingdom. It also concentrates on identifying images of the democratic soldiers at the political-societal level. I start with looking at the UK from an institutional perspective. Chapter 1 describes how Britain has established a system of rigorous civilian control over the military establishment. In Chapter 2 I look upon the UK’s defence and security policy which provide the core foundations for the operations of the Armed Forces. With the end of the Cold War, the changing security environment provided considerable challenges which also affected the operational planning for the Armed Forces.
    [Show full text]
  • Agreement Between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Canada on British Armed Forces’ Training in Canada
    Treaty Series No. 23 (2006) Agreement between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Canada on British Armed Forces’ Training in Canada Ottawa, 20 July 2006 [The Agreement entered into force on 20 July 2006] Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs by Command of Her Majesty October 2006 Cm 6933 £4.00 © Crown copyright 2006 The text in this document (excluding the Royal Arms and departmental logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Any enquiries relating to the copyright in this document should be addressed to the Licensing Division, HMSO, St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ. Fax 010603 723000 or e-mail: [email protected] AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND AND THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA ON BRITISH ARMED FORCES’ TRAINING IN CANADA The Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Canada, hereinafter referred to as "the Parties"; RECOGNISING the benefits to both Parties that British Armed Forces' training in Canada confers; RECALLING that transparency of process, good faith and trust underpin the relationship between the Parties; DESIRING to strengthen further co-operation and to consolidate existing relations between
    [Show full text]
  • Armed Forces Covenant Across Gwent NEWS Summer 2020
    Armed Forces Covenant across Gwent NEWS Summer 2020 Armed Forces Covenant across Gwent The Covenant is a promise from the nation ensuring that those who serve and have served in the Armed Forces and their families are treated fairly. Victory in Europe Day VE Day – or ‘Victory in Europe Day’ marks the day towards the end of World War Two (WW2) when ghting against Nazi Germany in Europe came to an end. Tuesday 8 May, 1945, was an emotional day that millions of people had been waiting for. Many people were extremely happy that the ghting had stopped and there were big celebrations and street parties. In his VE Day announcement, Winston Churchill said: “We may allow ourselves a brief period of rejoicing, but let us not forget for a moment the toil and e orts that lie ahead.” Even after 8 May, many soldiers, sailors and pilots were sent to the east to ght against the Japanese, who had not yet surrendered. VE Day celebrations were curtailed as a result of the coronavirus lockdown. Armed Forces Covenant Training Package The WLGA, with funding from the Covenant Fund, commissioned Cardi and Vale College to produce an Armed Forces Covenant training package. The package consists of a face-to-face training resource together with an e-learning resource. Both resources are aimed at local authority elected members and sta and seek to raise awareness and understanding of the Covenant. If you would like bespoke training for your department please contact Lisa Rawlings - Regional Armed Forces Covenant Offi cer [email protected] 01443 864447 www.covenantwales.wales/e-learning/ Armed Forces Covenant across Gwent p.
    [Show full text]
  • The Kariba REDD+ Project CCBS Project Design Document (PDD)
    The Kariba REDD+ project CCBS Project design document (PDD) Developed by: Tilmann Silber South Pole Carbon Asset Management Version 1 Date: October 13, 2011 For validation using the Climate, Community & Biodiversity Standard (CCBS), Second Edition, December 2008. Contents I. Basic Data 3 II. General Section 3 G1. Original Conditions in the Project Area 3 G2. Baseline Projections 21 G3. Project Design and Goals 24 G4. Management Capacity and Best Practices 35 G5. Legal Status and Property Rights 40 III. Climate Section 44 CL1. Net Positive Climate Impacts 44 CL2. Offsite Climate Impacts (‘Leakage’) 47 CL3. Climate Impact Monitoring 48 IV. Community Section 51 CM1. Net Positive Community Impacts 51 CM2. Offsite Stakeholder Impacts 52 CM3. Community Impact Monitoring 53 V. Biodiversity Section 57 B1. Net Positive Biodiversity Impacts 57 B2. Offsite Biodiversity Impacts 60 B3. Biodiversity Impact Monitoring 60 V. Gold Level Section 62 GL1. Climate Change Adaptation Benefits 62 GL2. Exceptional Community Benefits 64 GL3. Exceptional Biodiversity Benefits 66 Annex 1: Biodiversity Information 68 Annex 2: Grievance Procedure 74 2 CCBA PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM FOR PROJECT ACTIVITIES (CCBA-PDD) Version 01 I. Basic Data 1) The title of the CCB Standards project activity: Kariba REDD+ project 2) The version number of the document: Version 1 3) The date of the document: October 13, 2011 II. General Section G1. Original Conditions in the Project Area General information G1.1 The location of the project and basic physical parameters (e.g., soil, geology, climate). Location The Kariba REDD+ project is located in northwestern Zimbabwe, partly along the southern shore of Lake Kariba, the largest artificial lake in the world by volume.
    [Show full text]
  • Youngest British Army Recruits Come Disproportionately from England's
    Youngest British army recruits come disproportionately from England’s most deprived constituencies Charlotte Cooper and David Gee1 Abstract Background: Public health and human rights concerns have been raised about the enlistment of young people ​ under the age of 18 into state armed forces. In the UK, some of these concerns relate to the impact of military enlistment on disadvantaged young people in particular, who may be enlisted into the British armed forces from age 16. Factors associated with socioeconomic disadvantage may increase the vulnerability of this group in military settings, yet there have been few investigations of the socioeconomic profile of soldiers recruited at this age. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the socioeconomic background of enlisted minors in ​ England, by looking at the economic characteristics of the areas they come from. Methods: Data showing how many minors were enlisted into the army from each English constituency over a ​ five-year period was matched with data on the relative socioeconomic deprivation of constituencies. The study investigated whether the number of recruits varied according to the deprivation of constituencies. Results: A statistically-significant correlation was found between the relative deprivation of constituencies and ​ the number of minors enlisted, with the rate of recruitment 57 percent higher in the most deprived fifth of constituencies than the least deprived fifth. Conclusion: The study found that, over a five-year period, minors were enlisted into the army ​ disproportionately from the more deprived constituencies of England, lending weight to public health and human rights concerns. Background The UK enlists for the armed forces from age 16.
    [Show full text]
  • Match Summary
    MATCH SUMMARY TEAMS Vodacom Bulls vs DHL Stormers VENUE Loftus Versfeld Stadium DATE 31 March 2018 17:15 COMPETITION Vodacom Super Rugby FINAL SCORE 33 - 23 HALFTIME SCORE 19 - 18 TRIES 5 - 3 PLAYER OF THE MATCH SCORING SUMMARY Vodacom Bulls DHL Stormers PLAYER T C P DG PLAYER T C P DG Adriaan Strauss (J #2) 3 0 0 0 Damian Willemse (J #10) 0 1 2 0 Handré Pollard (J #10) 0 4 0 0 Jan De Klerk (J #4) 1 0 0 0 Johnny Kotze (J #14) 1 0 0 0 Damian De Allende (J #12) 1 0 0 0 Jesse Kriel (J #13) 1 0 0 0 Siya Kolisi (J #6) 1 0 0 0 LINE-UP Vodacom Bulls DHL Stormers 1 Pierre Schoeman (J #1) 1 Steven Kitshoff (J #1) 2 Adriaan Strauss (J #2) 2 Ramone Samuels (J #2) 3 Trevor Nyakane (J #3) 3 Wilco Louw (J #3) 4 Hendre Stassen (J #4) 4 Jan De Klerk (J #4) 5 Jason Jenkins (J #5) 5 Pieter Steph Du Toit (J #5) 6 Marco Van Staden (J #6) 6 Siya Kolisi (J #6) 7 Thembelani Bholi (J #7) 7 Cobus Wiese (J #7) 8 Hanro Liebenberg (J #8) 8 Nizaam Carr (J #8) 9 Ivan Van Zyl (J #9) 9 Justin Phillips (J #9) 10 Handré Pollard (J #10) 10 Damian Willemse (J #10) 11 Divan Rossouw (J #11) 11 Raymond Rhule (J #11) 12 Burger Odendaal(dnu) (J #12) 12 Damian De Allende (J #12) 13 Jesse Kriel (J #13) 13 Ew Viljoen (J #13) 14 Johnny Kotze (J #14) 14 Dillyn Leyds (J #14) 15 Warrick Gelant (J #15) 15 Sp Marais (J #15) RESERVES Vodacom Bulls DHL Stormers 16 Jaco Visagie (J #16) 16 Scarra Ntubeni (J #16) 17 Lizo Gqoboka (J #17) 17 Jc Janse Van Rensburg (J #17) 18 Frans Van Wyk (J #18) 18 Carlu Sadie (J #18) 19 Ruben Van Heerden (J #19) 19 Chris Van Zyl (J #19) 20 Roelof Smit (J #20)
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Kariba Fisheries Research Institute Project Report Number 67
    Annual report 1990 Item Type monograph Authors Machena, C. Publisher Department of National Parks and Wild Life Management Download date 29/09/2021 15:18:38 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/25005 Lake Kariba Fisheries Research Institute Project Report Number 67 1990 Annual Report Compiled by C. Machena ,ional Parks and Wildlife Management. COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM Mr K.R. Mupfumira - Chief Executive Officer DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT Dr. W.K. Nduku - Director and Chairman of Committee of Management Mr. G. Panqeti - Deputy Director Mr.R.B. Martin - Assistant Director (Research) Mr. Nyamayaro - Assistant Director (Administration) LAKE KARIBA FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE Dr. C. Machena - Officer - in - Charge Mr. N. Mukome - ExecutiveOfficer and Secretary of Committee of Management. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Officer-in-Charge's Reoort 4 The Zambia/Zimbabwe SADCC Lake Kariba Fisheries Research And DeveloQment Pro:iect 12 Comparative Study Of Growth OfLimnothrissanijodon (Boulenger) in Lake Kariba 18 An Analysis Of The Effects Of Fishing Location And Gear On Kapenta Catches On Lake Kariba 19 Hydro-acoustic Surveys In Lake Kariba 20 The Pre-recruitment Ecology of The Freshwater SardineLimnothrissamíodon(Boulenger) In Lake Kariba 22 Report On Short Course In Zooplankton Quantitative Sampling Methods held at the Freshwater Biology Laboratory Windermere From 19 to 30 November 1990... 25 Report On Training: Post-Graduate Training - Humberside Polytechnic, U.K 32 Postharvest Fish Technology In Lake Kariba. Zimbabwe 33 Assessment Of The Abundance Of Inshore Fish Stocks And Evaluating The Effects Of Fishing Pressure On The Biology Of Commercially Important Species And Ecological Studies OnSynodontiszambezensís.......35 11.
    [Show full text]
  • KO* HOME AWAY VENUE TOURNAMENT 01-Apr-11 19:05 Ulster
    KO* HOME AWAY VENUE TOURNAMENT 01-Apr-11 19:05 Ulster 20-18 Scarlets Ravenhill 01-Apr-11 19:35 Bristol Rugby 14-36 London Welsh Memorial Stadium 01-Apr-11 19:35 Highlanders 26-20 Brumbies Carisbrook, Dunedin 01-Apr-11 19:40 Waratahs 23-16 Chiefs Sydney Football Stadium 01-Apr-11 19:45 Birmingham & Solihull 31-10 Plymouth Albion Damson Park 01-Apr-11 19:45 Connacht 27-23 Edinburgh Sportsground 01-Apr-11 20:45 Perpignan 24-25 Toulouse Stade Aimé Giral 02-Apr-11 14:30 Bayonne 26-16 Racing Métro 92 Stade Jean-Dauger 02-Apr-11 14:30 Bourgoin 27-42 Montpellier Stade Pierre-Rajon 02-Apr-11 14:30 Brive 26-9 La Rochelle Stade Amédée-Domenech 02-Apr-11 14:30 Northampton Saints 53-24 Sale Sharks Franklin's Gardens 02-Apr-11 14:30 Toulon 38-10 Stade Français Stade Mayol 02-Apr-11 15:00 Bedford Blues 31-33 Doncaster Knights Goldington Road 02-Apr-11 15:00 Esher 22-27 Moseley Molesey Road 02-Apr-11 15:00 Gloucester Rugby 34-9 Newcastle Falcons Kingsholm 02-Apr-11 15:00 Lions 25-30 Reds Ellis Park, Johannesburg 02-Apr-11 15:00 Rotherham Titans 16-24 Cornish Pirates Clifton Lane 02-Apr-11 15:00 Worcester Warriors 44-13 Nottingham Sixways 02-Apr-11 15:30 Aironi Rugby 16-17 Glasgow Warriors Stadio Zaffanella 02-Apr-11 16:25 Clermont Auvergne 41-13 Biarritz Olympique Stade Marcel-Michelin 02-Apr-11 17:05 Sharks 6-16 Stormers Kings Park Stadium, Durban 02-Apr-11 17:30 Blues 29-22 Cheetahs Eden Park, Auckland 02-Apr-11 17:30 Harlequins 13-17 Leicester Tigers Twickenham Stoop 02-Apr-11 18:30 Ospreys 21-21 Cardiff Blues Liberty Stadium 02-Apr-11 19:05 Western
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 9 Detail Development
    CHAPTER 9 DETAIL DEVELOPMENT 173 174 09.01 INTRODUCTION This chapter investigates technical details of construction and material of the sketch plan. Various investigations will be done in order to find the best required solutions. The investigations will keep in mind the theory of carnivalesque and freedom of expression. 175 09.02 TECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS 09.02.01 INVESTIGATION OF SKATEPARKS Skateparks were investigated, since it has become Surface for skating is the most important aspect. For quite a popular sport among the youth. Manipulated acquiring speed, a long, smooth surface (flatbottom) surfaces are ideal for skateboarders and therefore the is required. Appriopriate materials for flat surfaces, or decision was made to ensure that opportunity for this flatbottom as the skaters call it, are: concrete; granite; is possible, if skateboarders would be interested to or smooth tar, which are all hard and durable surfaces. express themselves within this landscape. Transition relates to the type of ramp, from the flat surface. Two types can be designed, one is curved Various park administrators have claimed that with a radius and the other a flat, bevel like, with a skateparks are usually one of the most popular smaller transition point. Ramp surfaces are more recreational facilities (Public Skatepark Guide, 2015). flexible in material choice and materials like concrete, wood, brick, steel or granite can be used. To make a For a skater to use a space for skateboarding, a large skatepark more interesting, a combination of materials flat surface with a few benches with smooth and hard can be used (Enevoldsen, 2015). edges will be successful.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Trip Planner
    Deluxe African Wildlife Safari Zimbabwe & Botswana, Africa ~ Victoria Falls ~ Wildlife Viewing ~ ~ National Parks ~ Sunset Cruise ~ Exotic Cuisine ~ Table of Contents Trip Summary ........................................................................................................... 3 Accommodations ...................................................................................................... 3 Itinerary in Detail ...................................................................................................... 4 Flying In and Out ..................................................................................................... 7 Packing List ............................................................................................................... 7 Money Matters .......................................................................................................... 8 Immunizations .......................................................................................................... 9 Water ........................................................................................................................ 10 Food ......................................................................................................................... 10 Digestive Worries ................................................................................................... 10 Prescriptions ............................................................................................................ 10 Voltage ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]