DOCUMENT RESUME ED 042 190 CO 005 692 TITLE Resource Book for Drug Abuse Education. INSTITUTION National Education Association, Washington, D.C.; National Inst. of Mental Health (DHEW), ChevyChase, Md. National Clearinghouse for Mental Health Infcrmation.; Public Health Service (DHEW) , Arlington, Va. PUB DATE Oct 69 NOTE 120p. AVAILABLE FRCM Superintendent of Documents, United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 ($1.25 per copy) EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.50 HC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Attitudes, Audiovisual Aids, Communication (Thought Transfer), *Drug Abuse, Drug Addiction, *Instructional Materials, Resource Guides, *Student Attitudes, Teaching Methods, *Teaching Techniques, *Workshops ABSTRACT This Resource Book contains summaries of factual information on drug abuse as well as techniques and suggestions that experienced drug educators have found helpful in communicating with young people who are thinking about drugs or have already experimented with them. An effort has been made to include papers by medical authorities and social scientists which reflect a range of views regarding drugs. The goal is the development of skills in the use of drug materials which will enable teachers to open up the kind of dialogue and discussion that is a prime requisite in influencing youth attitudes. A section on planning drug abuse education workshops is included. The book is divided into five parts: (1) teaching about drugs; (2) facts about drugs;(3) supplementary reports on drugs; (4) drug films; and (5)how to plan a drug abuse education workshop. Selected references are listed afrb end of the book. (KJ) Ell a ea a aa a0 0 * A a P 0 I 0 a 0 i f U SDEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT POINTS Of VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY 0 0 National Clearinghouse for Menial Health Information RESOURCE BOOK FOR DRUG ABUSE EDUCATION 1! S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Hun Services and Mental Health Administration Nation' institute of Mental Health Chevy Chase, Maryland 21O15 October 1969 The Drug Abuse Education Project of which this publication is a part was performed under contract No. PH 43-68-1471 for the National Institute of Mental Health by the American Association of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, and the National Science Teachers Association of the National Education Association. Marvin R. Levy, Ed.D., was Project Director; Sanford J. Feinglass, Ph.D., Program Coordinator; A. L. Braswell, Ph.D., Science Consultant; Dallas Johnson, M.S., Coordinator of Instructional Materials; and Joseph Fiore lli, Audiovisual Specialist. Margot Davis and La Verne Holt assisted in the prepara- tion of this book and other resource materials and teaching aids emanating from the project. Robert C. Petersen, Ph.D., and Liira S. Jackson, MS., were Project Officers for NIMH. Advisory Committee to the Project: Richard H. Blum, Ph.D., Director, Psychopharmacology Pro'lct, Institute for Study of Human Problems, Stanford University Neil L. Chayet, LLB., attorney, lecturer at Boston University School of Law and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Gerald Edwards, Ed.D., Department of Health Education, Ade 1phi University, Garden City, New York Jerome Jaffe, M.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Chicago, and Director, Drug Abuse Program, Department of Mental Health, State of Illinois Lillard E. Law, Ph.D., Superintendent of Schools, Westfield, New Jersey Helen Nowlis, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology, University of Rochester, and Director, Drug Abuse Education Project, National Association of Student Personnel Administrators Joseph Paige, Ed.D., Urban Education Institute, Detroit, Michigan PHS Publication No. 1964. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price $1.25 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 TEACHING ABOUT DRUGS 3 Background Considerations for Drug Programs, by Marvin R. Levy, Ed.D. 3 Suggestions for Educators, by Robert C. Petersen, Ph.D. 4 Communicating About Drugs, by Helen H. Nowlis, Ph.D. 8 Communicating With Youth, by Joseph F. Maloney, Ph.D. 11 The Drug DilemmaA Partial Solution, by Sidney Cohen, M.D. 14 Program Recommendations for Elementary Teachers 18 How Can We Teach Adolescents About Smoking, Drinking and Drug Abuse, by Godfrey M. Hochbaum, Ph.D. 21 FACTS ABOUT DRUGS 25 Questions and Answers About Marihuana, LSD, Amphetamines, Barbiturates and Heroin (NIMH) 28 Drug Chart 34 What Are Narcotic Drugs? 36 Dependence on Barbiturates and Other Sedative Drugs, American Medical Association 39 Dependence on Amphetamines and Other Stimulant Drugs, American Medical Association 42 Drug Dependence: Its Significance and Characteristics, Nathan B. Eddy, M.D. 45 Use, Misuse and Abuse of Amphetamine-Type Drugs, Maurice H. Seevers, M.D. 51 Pharmacologic Therapy in Narcotic Dependence, Jerome H. Jaffe, M.D. 54 Tobacco (Nicotine), by Louis Goodman, M.D. and A. Gilman, Ph.D. 57 Fact Sheet on Federal Narcotic and Dangerous Drug Laws 59 Chronology of Federal Drug Laws 61 SUPPLEMENTARY REPORTS ON DRUGS 63 Legal Aspects of Drug Abuse, by Neil L. Chayet, LL.B. 63 The Marihuana Problem: An Overview, by William H. McGlothlin, Ph.D. and Louis Jolyon West, M.D. 65 Prevention of Drug Abuse, by Stanley F. Yolles, M.D. 68 Drug Use and Student Values, by Kenneth Keniston, Ph.D. 70 Drugs and Personal Values, by Richard H. Blum, Ph.D. 75 Motivations for Student Drug Use, by Richard H. Blum, Ph.D. 79 The Myth of Alienation and Teen-Age Drug Use, by Winfield W. Salisbury, Ph.D. and Frances R. Fertig 83 Predisposition to Alcoholism, by Rev. Stanley T. Helm 87 Glue-Sniffing: A Rehabilitation Approach, by Judge Theodore Rubin and Robert C. Hanson, Ph.D. 89 DRUG FILMS 93 Suggestions on the Use of Films in Drug Education Programs, by David 0. Weber and Joseph Fiore lli 93 Annotated Listing of Drug Abuse Films 95 HOW TO PLAN A DRUG ABUSE EDUCATION WORKSHOP, by Sanford J. Feinglass, Ph.D. 99 SELECTED REFERENCES 116 INTRODUCTION The abuse of dangerous drugs is a growing prob- and NSTA. The seminars included programs for lem across the Nation. The reasons for this are teacher inservice training, presentation by authori- complex and there are no easy solutions. But it is ties on the pharmacological, legal and psychosocial clear that traditional methods of deterrence, involv- aspects of drugs, and evaluation of teaching aids, ing reliance on scare techniques or moral persua- both audiovisual and printed. sion, have not proven effective. A number of materials to assist school systems in The National Institute of Mental Health, the developing sound drug abuse prevention programs Federal agency that has major responsibility for have been prepared under the Drug Abuse Educa- research and educational efforts relating to drugs, tion Project. Some of these are included in this has initiated a broad-based public information and Resource Book. Additional aids that will also be education program to provide facts about drugs. available include guidelines to innovative teaching Among those for whom special materials are being methods in drug abuse education, and filmed lec- prepay * 1 are teachers. It is not surprising that teach- tures and presentations. ers, who are being called upon increasingly to "do This Resource Book contains summaries of fac- something" about growing drug use, have been tual information on the major drugs of abuse, and frustrated and troubled about how to go about it. techniques and suggestions that experienced drug It is a task that demands extremely careful prepa- educators have found helpful in communicating ration and implementation. Yet most teachers have with young people who are thinking about drugs or few resources with which to mount an effective drug have already experimented with them. An effort has abuse prevention program. Useful materials on the been made to include papers by medical authorities subject have been scarce. Further, where programs and social scientists reflecting a range of views re- have been initiated to combat drug abuse, they have garding drugs; Literature expressing the more con- often been hampered by inadequate or inaccurate servative positions may be found at every hand, and information. Few teachers have the necessary prepa- is ready of access. Thus, materials designed to en- ration for evaluating drug-oriented materials (and hance understanding of the young by the adult a great many words have been spoken and written generation receive emphasis. Without familiarity about drugs that perpetuate myths). with varied points of view, including those of the Recognizing the need for materials to help teach- young, a teacher cannot effectively discuss the drug ers deal more effectively with drug abuse, the problem with young people. NIMH during 1968-69 conducted a project involv- It is hoped that this material will introduce teach- ing the development of teacher training workshops ers to new ways of strengthening communication and resource materials. Under contract with the with students in this area. The goal is the develop- American Association for Health, Physical Educa- ment of skills in the use of drug materials which tion, and Recreation and the National Science will enable teachers to open up the kind of dialogue Teachers Association of the National Education and discussion that is a prime requisite in influenc- Association, a two-week pilot workshop on drug ing youth attitudes. abuse education was held in California. A section on planning drug abuse education Subsequently, pilot inservice training workshops workshops is included. Most educators, plagued by have been held in many States. Two-day preconven- the problem of how to teach about drugs, have tion seminars in drug abuse education were held in found that the simple expedient of reaching for an conjunction with the annual meetings of AAHPER all-purpose speaker, film or pamphlet, is not the 1 answer.