Preliminary Bedrock Geologic Map of the Wightman 7.5' Quadrangle, Virginia
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Paleoproterozoic Mafic and Ultramafic Volcanic Rocks in the South Savo Region, Eastern Finland
Development of the Paleoproterozoic Svecofennian orogeny: new constraints from the southeastern boundary of the Central Finland Granitoid Complex Edited by Perttu Mikkola, Pentti Hölttä and Asko Käpyaho Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 407, 63-84, 2018 PALEOPROTEROZOIC MAFIC AND ULTRAMAFIC VOLCANIC ROCKS IN THE SOUTH SAVO REGION, EASTERN FINLAND by Jukka Kousa, Perttu Mikkola and Hannu Makkonen Kousa, J., Mikkola, P. & Makkonen, H. 2018. Paleoproterozoic mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks in the South Savo region, eastern Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin 407, 63–84, 11 figures and 1 table. Ultramafic and mafic volcanic rocks are present as sporadic interlayers in the Paleo- proterozoic Svecofennian paragneiss units in the South Savo region of eastern Finland. These elongated volcanic bodies display locally well-preserved primary structures, have a maximum thickness of ca. 500 m and a maximum length of several kilometres. Geo- chemically, the ultramafic variants are picrites, whereas the mafic members display EMORB-like chemical compositions. The picrites, in particular, display significant com- positional variation in both major and trace elements (light rare earth and large-ion lithophile elements). These differences may have been caused by differences in their magma source, variable degrees of crustal contamination and post-magmatic altera- tion, as well as crystal accumulation and fractionation processes. The volcanic units are interpreted to represent extensional phase(s) in the development of the sedimentary basin(s) where the protoliths of the paragneisses were deposited. The eruption age of the volcanic units is interpreted to be 1.91–1.90 Ga. Appendix 1 is available at: http://tupa.gtk.fi/julkaisu/liiteaineisto/bt_407_appendix_1. -
University of Nevada Reno Metamorphic Geology of a Portion
University of Nevada Reno Metamorphic Geology of a Portion of the Bagdad Mining District Yavapai County, Arizona A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science by Daniel E. Collins III May 1977 WiNEs U3RARY m © 1 9 7 8 DANIEL EDWARD COLLINS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED The thesis of Daniel E. Collins is approved: Thesis advisor University of Nevada Reno May .1977 PLEASE NOTE: This dissertation contains color photographs which will not reproduce well. UNIVERSITY MICROFILMS INTERNATIONAL. 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author is sincerely indebted to the Cyprus Mines Corporation for its interest and generous financial support without which this thesis would not have been possible. I wish to thank in particular Bob Clayton and Joe Sierakowsky for their advice and help while in the field. The guidance of Malcolm Hibbard and Don Noble at the University of Nevada was very much appreciated. I also wish to thank Arthur Baker III who first suggested the thesis area and provided many useful suggestions during the writing. The Nevada Bureau of Mines and Jack Quade of NASA are thanked for access and instruction in the use of the x- ray analysis equipment. I am deeply grateful to John and Constantine Zanarras and to my wife, Merilyn, for their constant companionship. I ABSTRACT An estimated 2,150 meters of eugeosynclinal porphyritic andesites, basalts and volcanic sediments belonging to the Bridle formation were metamorphosed during the Mazatzal Revolution (?) to produce greenschist facies minerology, regional folding, and penetrative fabric elements. Prior to regional metamorphism, the Bridle formation was shallowly intruded by concordant masses of porphyritic trondjhemite and a differentiated Dick Rhyolite. -
Ecological Zones in the Southern Appalachians: First Approximation
United States Department of Ecological Zones in the Southern Agriculture Forest Service Appalachians: First Approximation Steve A. Simon, Thomas K. Collins, Southern Gary L. Kauffman, W. Henry McNab, and Research Station Christopher J. Ulrey Research Paper SRS–41 The Authors Steven A. Simon, Ecologist, USDA Forest Service, National Forests in North Carolina, Asheville, NC 28802; Thomas K. Collins, Geologist, USDA Forest Service, George Washington and Jefferson National Forests, Roanoke, VA 24019; Gary L. Kauffman, Botanist, USDA Forest Service, National Forests in North Carolina, Asheville, NC 28802; W. Henry McNab, Research Forester, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC 28806; and Christopher J. Ulrey, Vegetation Specialist, U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Blue Ridge Parkway, Asheville, NC 28805. Cover Photos Ecological zones, regions of similar physical conditions and biological potential, are numerous and varied in the Southern Appalachian Mountains and are often typified by plant associations like the red spruce, Fraser fir, and northern hardwoods association found on the slopes of Mt. Mitchell (upper photo) and characteristic of high-elevation ecosystems in the region. Sites within ecological zones may be characterized by geologic formation, landform, aspect, and other physical variables that combine to form environments of varying temperature, moisture, and fertility, which are suitable to support characteristic species and forests, such as this Blue Ridge Parkway forest dominated by chestnut oak and pitch pine with an evergreen understory of mountain laurel (lower photo). DISCLAIMER The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement of any product or service by the U.S. -
Geologic Map of the Wickenburg, Southern Buckhorn, and Northwestern Hieroglyphic Mountains, Central Arizona
Geologic Map of the Wickenburg, southern Buckhorn, and northwestern Hieroglyphic Mountains, central Arizona _ by James A. Stimac, Joan E. Fryxell. Stephen J. Reynolds, Stephen M. Richard, Michael J. GrubenskY, and Elizabeth A. Scott Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-9 October, 1987 Arizona Geological Survey 416 W. Congress, Suite #100, Tucson, Arizona 85701 This report is preliminalY and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with Arizona Geological Survey standards INTRODUCTION This report describes the geology of the Red Picacho quadrangle and parts of the Wickenburg, Garfias Mountain, and Wittmann quadrangles (Fig. 1). Geologic mapping was completed between January and April of 1987, and was jointly funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology as part of the cost-sharing COGEOMAP program. Mapping was done on 1:24,000-scale topographic maps and on 1:24,000-scale color aerial photographs provided by Raymond A. Brady of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. GEOLOGIC OVERVIEW The map area includes the Wickenburg Mountains and contiguous parts of the Buckhorn and Hieroglyphic Mountains (Fig. 1). Adjacent parts of the Vulture Mountains were mapped by Grubensky and oth_ers (1987) and adjacent parts of the Hieroglyphic Mountains were mapped by Capps and others (1986). The overall geologic history of the area is complex, but the regional stratigraphy developed in these reports carries well from range to range. The map area is composed of a metamorphic-plutonic basement unconformably overlain by Tertiary volcanic and sedimentary rocks. The oldest rocks, assigned to the Proterozoic (1.8-1.7 b.y.) Yavapai Supergroup, consist of amphibolite, schist, and gneiss, intruded by granite, leucogranite, and pegmatite. -
Geologic Map of Washington - Northwest Quadrant
GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON - NORTHWEST QUADRANT by JOE D. DRAGOVICH, ROBERT L. LOGAN, HENRY W. SCHASSE, TIMOTHY J. WALSH, WILLIAM S. LINGLEY, JR., DAVID K . NORMAN, WENDY J. GERSTEL, THOMAS J. LAPEN, J. ERIC SCHUSTER, AND KAREN D. MEYERS WASHINGTON DIVISION Of GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES GEOLOGIC MAP GM-50 2002 •• WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENTOF 4 r Natural Resources Doug Sutherland· Commissioner of Pubhc Lands Division ol Geology and Earth Resources Ron Telssera, Slate Geologist WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES Ron Teissere, State Geologist David K. Norman, Assistant State Geologist GEOLOGIC MAP OF WASHINGTON NORTHWEST QUADRANT by Joe D. Dragovich, Robert L. Logan, Henry W. Schasse, Timothy J. Walsh, William S. Lingley, Jr., David K. Norman, Wendy J. Gerstel, Thomas J. Lapen, J. Eric Schuster, and Karen D. Meyers This publication is dedicated to Rowland W. Tabor, U.S. Geological Survey, retired, in recognition and appreciation of his fundamental contributions to geologic mapping and geologic understanding in the Cascade Range and Olympic Mountains. WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES GEOLOGIC MAP GM-50 2002 Envelope photo: View to the northeast from Hurricane Ridge in the Olympic Mountains across the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca to the northern Cascade Range. The Dungeness River lowland, capped by late Pleistocene glacial sedi ments, is in the center foreground. Holocene Dungeness Spit is in the lower left foreground. Fidalgo Island and Mount Erie, composed of Jurassic intrusive and Jurassic to Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Fidalgo Complex, are visible as the first high point of land directly across the strait from Dungeness Spit. -
Petrography Edward F
Chapter 4 Petrography Edward F. Stoddard A petrographic study was taken in order to help determine the sources of lithic artifacts found at archaeological sites on Fort Bragg. In the first phase of the study, known and suspected archaeological quarry sites in the central Piedmont of North Carolina were visited. From each quarry, hand specimens were collected and petrographic thin sections were examined in an attempt to establish a basis for distinguishing among the quarries. If material from each quarry was sufficiently distinctive, then quarry sources could potentially be matched with Fort Bragg lithic artifacts. Seventy-one samples from 12 quarry zones were examined (Table 4.1). Thirty- one of these samples are from five quarry zones in the Uwharrie Mountains region; 20 of these were collected and described previously by Daniel and Butler (1996). Forty specimens were collected from seven additional quarry zones in Chatham, Durham, Person, Orange, and Cumberland Counties. All quarries are within the Carolina Terrane, except the Cumberland County quarry, which occurs in younger sedimentary material derived primarily from Carolina Terrane outcrops. Rocks include both metavolcanic and metasedimentary types. Compositionally, most metavolcanic rocks are dacitic and include flows, tuffs, breccias, and porphyries. Metasedimentary rocks are metamudstone and fine metasandstone. The Uwharrie quarries are divided into five zones: Eastern, Western, Southern, Asheboro, and Southeastern. The divisions are based primarily on macroscopic petrography and follow the results of Daniel and Butler (1996); the Uwharries Southeastern zone was added in this study. Each of the Uwharrie quarry zones represents three to six individual quarries in relatively close proximity. Rock specimens are all various felsic metavolcanic rocks, but zones may be distinguished based upon mineralogy and texture. -
Dissertation / Doctoral Thesis
DISSERTATION / DOCTORAL THESIS Titel der Dissertation /Title of the Doctoral Thesis „Rare metal granites, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt: geochemistry and economic potentiality“ verfasst von / submitted by Mabrouk Sami Mohamed Hassan, M.Sc. angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften (Dr.rer.nat.) Wien, 2017 / Vienna, 2017 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 796 605 426 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt / Erdwissenschaften/ Earth sciences field of study as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Ao. Univ. Prof. Dr. Theodoros Ntaflos TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements I Abstract II Zusammenfassung IV CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION General introduction 1 Literature reviews 2 Geological background 3 Objectives of this study 10 Methods 10 Isotopic systems 11 Synthesis 14 References 17 CHAPTER II 22 Sami, M., Ntaflos, T, Farahat, E. S., Mohamed, H. A., Ahmed, A. F., Hauzenberger, C., 2017. Mineralogical, geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopes characteristics of fluorite-bearing granites in the Northern Arabian-Nubian Shield, Egypt: Constraints on petrogenesis and evolution of their associated rare metal mineralization. Ore Geology Reviews 88, 1–22. CHAPTER III 51 Sami, M., Ntaflos, T, Farahat, E. S., Mohamed, H. A., Hauzenberger, C., Ahmed, A. F., 2017. Petrogenesis of Neoproterozoic highly fractionated garnet bearing muscovite granites in the Central Eastern Desert, Egypt: Evidence from LA-ICP-MS of garnet, whole-rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotopic systematics. (In Revision stage) CHAPTER IV 98 Sami, M., Ntaflos, T, Farahat, E. S., Mohamed, H. A., Ahmed, A. F., Hauzenberger, C., 2017. -
The Texas Grenville Orogen, Llano Uplift, Texas
THE TEXAS GRENVILLE OROGEN, LLANO UPLIFT, TEXAS Fieldtrip guide to the Precambrian Geology of the Llano Uplift, central Texas by Sharon Mosher, Mark Helper, and Jamie Levine Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin TRIP 405 for THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA ANNUAL MEETING, HOUSTON, TX, FALL 2008 Cosponsored by GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division THE TEXAS GRENVILLE OROGEN, LLANO UPLIFT, TEXAS Fieldtrip guide to the Precambrian Geology of the Llano Uplift, central Texas by Sharon Mosher, Mark Helper, and Jamie Levine Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin TRIP 405 for THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA ANNUAL MEETING, HOUSTON, TX, FALL 2008 Cosponsored by GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division Cover: Robert M. Reed Copyright by Sharon Mosher 2008 GEOLOGY OF THE LLANO UPLIFT by Sharon Mosher INTRODUCTION The Llano Uplift of central Texas consists of multiply deformed, 1.37-1.23 Ga metasedimentary, metavolcanic and metaplutonic rocks intruded by 1.13 to 1.07 Ga, syn- tectonic to post-tectonic granites (Fig. 1) (Mosher, 1998). An early high-pressure eclogite-facies metamorphism is overprinted by dynamothermal, medium-pressure metamorphism at upper amphibolite-facies conditions and a subsequent low-pressure, middle amphibolite-facies metamorphism associated with widespread intrusion of late granites (Carlson et al., 2007). These rocks are exposed in a gentle structural dome exposing ~9000 km2 of Middle Proterozoic crystalline basement in an erosional window through Phanerozoic sedimentary cover (Muehlberger et al., 1967; Flawn and Muehlberger, 1970). Normal and oblique-slip faults related to the Ouachita Orogeny affect Precambrian to Pennsylvanian rocks and juxtapose Paleozoic strata with the Precambrian exposures. -
Late Precambrian Acidic Volcanics South Sinai, Egypt: Implications for Geology and Radioactivity
ISSN 2314-5609 Nuclear Sciences Scientific Journal 7, 1- 30 2018 http:// www.ssnma.com LATE PRECAMBRIAN ACIDIC VOLCANICS SOUTH SINAI, EGYPT: IMPLICATIONS FOR GEOLOGY AND RADIOACTIVITY MOHAMED S. AZAB Nuclear Materials Authority, Egypt ABSTRACT Three extrusions of Late Precambrian acidic volcanic, south Sinai, Egypt are selected for studying their geology and radioactivity. Field observations revealed that, these volcanic rocks are believed to have erupted later than the Dokhan volcanics. These volcanic rocks are represented mainly by lava flows of rhyoltic composition, lithic and crystal tuffs. They have many geochemical characteristics of metaluminous to peraluminous A-type magma that were emplaced into within plate tectonic environment and evolved through differentiation processes from mantle-derived basaltic magma with noticeable crustal contribution. The fractionation of plagioclase in the early formed basaltic rocks leads to the pronounced negative Eu anomaly displaced by these volcanics. These volcanics are considered as source for uranium since they contain more than 8 ppm average uranium content. The average thorium and uranium contents are 17ppm and 15 ppm for Ras Naqab volcanics, 16.7 ppm and 8.5 ppm for Iqna Sharay,a while Umm Shouki volcanics have 17 ppm average Th and 8.6 ppm average U. Three modes of uranium occurrence are inferred. The first assumes incorporation of U and Th within accessory minerals such as zircon, monazite and uranothorite where thorium is three times more abundant than uranium. In the second case, uranium is equal to one half of the thorium or slightly more which indicates that a process of uranium enrichment (U-gain) may be occurred. -
Spatial Distribution of Acid-Sensitive and Acid-Impacted Streams in Relation to Watershed Features in the Southern Appalachian Mountains
Water Air Soil Pollut (2007) 182:57–71 DOI 10.1007/s11270-006-9320-x Spatial Distribution of Acid-sensitive and Acid-impacted Streams in Relation to Watershed Features in the Southern Appalachian Mountains T. J. Sullivan & J. R. Webb & K. U. Snyder & A. T. Herlihy & B. J. Cosby Received: 26 July 2006 /Accepted: 18 November 2006 / Published online: 19 December 2006 # Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2006 Abstract A geologic classification scheme was com- sandstone and quartzite. Streamwater acid-base chem- bined with elevation to test hypotheses regarding istry throughout the region was also found to be watershed sensitivity to acidic deposition using associated with a number of watershed features that available regional spatial data and to delimit a high- were mapped for the entire region, in addition to interest area for streamwater acidification sensitivity lithology and elevation, including ecoregion, physio- within the Southern Appalachian Mountains region. It graphic province, soils type, forest type and watershed covered only 28% of the region, and yet included area. Logistic regression was used to model the almost all known streams that have low acid presence/absence of acid-sensitive streams throughout neutralizing capacity (ANC ≤20 μeq l−1) or that are the region. acidic (ANC ≤0). The five-class geologic classifica- tion scheme was developed based on recent lithologic Keywords acid neutralizing capacity . acidification . maps and streamwater chemistry data for 909 sites. Appalachian Mountains . geology. The vast majority of the sampled streams that had streamwater . watershed ANC ≤20 μeq l−1 and that were totally underlainby a single geologic sensitivity class occurred in the siliceous class, which is represented by such lithologies as 1 Introduction Ongoing efforts to control the atmospheric emissions and deposition of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) near and upwind of the Southern Appalachian Mountains (SA) * : T. -
Compilation Geologic Map of the Daisy Mountain 7.5' Quadrangle, Maricopa County, Arizona
Compilation Geologic Map of the Daisy Mountain 7.5' Quadrangle, Maricopa County, Arizona by Robert S. Leighty Arizona Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-22 August, 1998 Arizona Geological Survey 416 W. Congress, Suite 100, Tucson, AZ 85701 Includes 30 page text and 1 :24,000 scale geologic map. This report was supported by the Arizona Radiation Regulatory Agency, with funds provided by the u.s. Environmental Protection Agency through the State Indoor Radon Grant Program, the U.S. Geological Survey via the STATEMAP program, and the Arizona Geological Survey. This report is preliminary and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with Arizona Geological Survey standards INTRODUCTION The Daisy Mountain Quadrangle, located along the northernmost fringe of the Phoenix metropolitan area, straddles the physiographic boundary between the Basin and Range and Transition Zone (Figure 1). The quadrangle lies between 1-17 and Cave Creek and is bordered on the south by the northwestern end of Paradise Valley and rugged, high-relief terrain of the New River Mountains to the north. The Daisy Mountain Quadrangle includes the community of New River, which is undergoing rapid population growth and is becoming increasingly urbanized. Thus, the knowledge of the distribution and character of bedrock and surficial deposits is important to make informed decisions concerning management of the land and its resources. This project was funded by the Environmental Protection Agency through the State Indoor Radon Grant Program, and the Arizona Geological Survey. PREVIOUS STUDIES Over the last two decades various workers have conducted geologic mapping investigations in the Daisy Mountain Quadrangle. -
The Metamorphic and Plutonic Rocks of the Southernmost Sierra Nevada, California, and Their Tectonic Framework
The Metamorphic and Plutonic Rocks of the Southernmost Sierra Nevada, California, and Their Tectonic Framework U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1381 The Metamorphic and Plutonic Rocks of the Southernmost Sierra Nevada, California, and Their Tectonic Framework By DONALD C. ROSS U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1381 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1989 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ross, Donald Clarence, 1924 The metamorphic and plutonic rocks of the southernmost Sierra Nevada, California, and their tectonic framework / by Donald C. Ross. p. cm. (U.S. Geological Survey professional paper ; 1381) Bibliography: p. Supt.ofDocs.no.: 119.16:1381 1. Rocks, Igneous Sierra Nevada Mountains (Calif, and Nev.) 2. Rocks, Metamorphic Sierra Nevada Mountains (Calif, and Nev.) I. Title. II. Series. QE461.R645 1989 552'.1'097944 dc20 89-6000136 CIP For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey, Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS Abstract---------------------------- l Plutonic rocks- ------------------------ 23 Introduction- ------------------------- 1 Units north of the Garlock fault- ------------- 23 Acknowledgments----------------------- 3 Granitic rocks related(?) to the San Emigdio- Metamorphic