AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT of the JOHN PENNEKAMP CORAL REEF STATE PARK and the KEY LARGO CORAL REEF MARINE SANCTUARY (Unpublished 1983 Report)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT of the JOHN PENNEKAMP CORAL REEF STATE PARK and the KEY LARGO CORAL REEF MARINE SANCTUARY (Unpublished 1983 Report) NOAA/University of Miami Joint Publication NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS CCMA 161 NOAA LISD Current References 2002-6 University of Miami RSMAS TR 2002-03 Coastal and Estuarine Data Archaeology and Rescue Program AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE JOHN PENNEKAMP CORAL REEF STATE PARK AND THE KEY LARGO CORAL REEF MARINE SANCTUARY (Unpublished 1983 Report) November 2002 US Department of Commerce University of Miami National Oceanic and Atmospheric Rosenstiel School of Marine and Administration Atmospheric Science Silver Spring, MD Miami, FL a NOAA/University of Miami Joint Publication NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS CCMA 161 NOAA LISD Current References 2002-6 University of Miami RSMAS TR 2002-03 AN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE JOHN PENNEKAMP CORAL REEF STATE PARK AND THE KEY LARGO CORAL REEF MARINE SANCTUARY (Unpublished 1983 Report) Gilbert L. Voss Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami Nancy A. Voss Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami Adriana Y. Cantillo NOAA National Ocean Service Maria J. Bello NOAA Miami Regional Library (Editors, 2002) November 2002 United States National Oceanic and Department of Commerce Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Donald L. Evans Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr. Jamison S. Hawkins Secretary Vice-Admiral (Ret.), Acting Assistant Administrator Administrator For further information please call or write: University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami, FL 33149 NOAA/National Ocean Service/National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science 1305 East West Hwy. Silver Spring, MD 20910 NOAA Miami Regional Library 4301 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami, FL 33149 Disclaimer This report has been reviewed by the National Ocean Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for their use by the United States Government. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................ i LIST OF TABLES....................................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES..................................................................................................................................... iv 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................... 1 2. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......................................................................................................................... 4 3. METHODOLOGY................................................................................................................................... 5 3.1. Field methodology................................................................................................................. 5 3.2. Description of the Study Area................................................................................................ 9 3.3. Outer Reefs........................................................................................................................... 11 3.4. Patch Reefs .......................................................................................................................... 12 3.5. Turtle Grass and Hardbottom................................................................................................ 12 4. RESULTS............................................................................................................................................... 13 4.1. Site 1. Molasses Reef ........................................................................................................... 13 4.2. Site 2. White Bank Dry Rocks ............................................................................................... 17 4.3. Site 3. French Reef ............................................................................................................... 20 4.4. Site 4. Mosquito Bank ........................................................................................................... 25 4.5. Site 5. Grecian Rocks ........................................................................................................... 28 4.6. Site 6. Key Largo Dry Rocks ................................................................................................. 31 4.7. Site 7. The Elbow.................................................................................................................. 33 4.8. Site 8. Carysfort Reef............................................................................................................ 37 4.9. Site 9. Basin Hill Shoals ........................................................................................................ 42 4.10. Site 10. Turtle Rocks........................................................................................................... 45 4.11. Site 11. Ocean Reef............................................................................................................ 48 4.12. Site 12. Turtle Harbor.......................................................................................................... 51 4.13. Site 13. North Channel........................................................................................................ 54 4.14. Site 14. South Channel ....................................................................................................... 58 4.15. Site 15. Rock Harbor........................................................................................................... 61 4.16. Site 16. Point Elizabeth ....................................................................................................... 64 4.17. Site 17. Angelfish Creek...................................................................................................... 67 5. REEF STRUCTURE AND ZONATION................................................................................................... 70 5.1. Outer Reefs........................................................................................................................... 70 5.2. Patch Reefs .......................................................................................................................... 71 6. DISCUSSION......................................................................................................................................... 72 6.1. Sanctuary and Park Habitats................................................................................................. 72 6.1.1. Coral-Sea Fan Habitat ......................................................................................... 72 6.1.2. Outer Reefs ......................................................................................................... 73 6.1.3. Patch Reef........................................................................................................... 74 6.1.4. Rubble Habitat ..................................................................................................... 76 6.1.5. Hardbottom Habitat.............................................................................................. 80 6.1.5.1. Offshore Hardbottom .......................................................................... 80 6.1.5.2. Inshore Hardbottom............................................................................ 80 6.1.6. Sand Habitat ........................................................................................................ 81 6.1.7. Turtle Grass Habitat............................................................................................. 82 6.2. Cryptic Fauna........................................................................................................................ 87 6.3. Coral Health .......................................................................................................................... 92 6.4. Damage to Corals by Boats and Anchors ............................................................................. 101 6.5. Species Diversity................................................................................................................... 102 7. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................... 105 8. LITERATURE CITED ............................................................................................................................. 107 9. APPENDIX A. TRANSECT DATA AND QUADRAT COUNTS............................................................... 113 9.1. Site 1. Molasses Reef ........................................................................................................... 113 9.2. Site 2. White Bank Dry Rocks ............................................................................................... 128 9.3. Site 3. French Reef ............................................................................................................... 138 9.4. Site 4. Mosquito Bank ........................................................................................................... 151 9.5. Site 5. Grecian Rocks ........................................................................................................... 159 9.6.
Recommended publications
  • Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School November 2017 Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Megan E. Hepner University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Hepner, Megan E., "Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary" (2017). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7408 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Reef Fish Biodiversity in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary by Megan E. Hepner A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Marine Science with a concentration in Marine Resource Assessment College of Marine Science University of South Florida Major Professor: Frank Muller-Karger, Ph.D. Christopher Stallings, Ph.D. Steve Gittings, Ph.D. Date of Approval: October 31st, 2017 Keywords: Species richness, biodiversity, functional diversity, species traits Copyright © 2017, Megan E. Hepner ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am indebted to my major advisor, Dr. Frank Muller-Karger, who provided opportunities for me to strengthen my skills as a researcher on research cruises, dive surveys, and in the laboratory, and as a communicator through oral and presentations at conferences, and for encouraging my participation as a full team member in various meetings of the Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (MBON) and other science meetings.
    [Show full text]
  • M/V ELPIS Coral Reef Restoration Monitoring Report Monitoring Events 2004-2007 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Monroe County, Florida
    M/V ELPIS Coral Reef Restoration Monitoring Report Monitoring Events 2004-2007 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Monroe County, Florida Item Type monograph Authors Hudson, J. Harold; Schittone, Joe; Anderson, Jeff; Franklin, Erik C.; Stratton, Alice Publisher NOAA/National Ocean Service/ National Marine Sanctuaries Program Download date 28/09/2021 11:15:13 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/20080 Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series NMSP-08-03 M/V ELPIS Coral Reef Restoration Monitoring Report Monitoring Events 2004-2007 Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Monroe County, Florida U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management National Marine Sanctuary Program March 2008 About the Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration administers the National Marine Sanctuary Program. Its mission is to identify, designate, protect and manage the ecological, recreational, research, educational, historical, and aesthetic resources and qualities of nationally significant coastal and marine areas. The existing marine sanctuaries differ widely in their natural and historical resources and include nearshore and open ocean areas ranging in size from less than one to over 5,000 square miles. Protected habitats include rocky coasts, kelp forests, coral reefs, sea grass beds, estuarine habitats, hard and soft bottom habitats, segments of whale migration routes, and shipwrecks. Because of considerable differences in settings, resources, and threats, each marine sanctuary has a tailored management plan. Conservation, education, research, monitoring and enforcement programs vary accordingly. The integration of these programs is fundamental to marine protected area management. The Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series reflects and supports this integration by providing a forum for publication and discussion of the complex issues currently facing the National Marine Sanctuary Program.
    [Show full text]
  • SEPTEMBER 6, 2021 Delmarracing.Com
    21DLM002_SummerProgramCover_ Trim_4.125x8.625__Bleed_4.375x8.875 HOME OF THE 2021 BREEDERS’ CUP JULY 16 - SEPTEMBER 6, 2021 DelMarRacing.com 21DLM002_Summer Program Cover.indd 1 6/10/21 2:00 PM DEL MAR THOROUGHBRED CLUB Racing 31 Days • July 16 - September 6, 2021 Day 8 • Friday July 30, 2021 First Post 4:00 p.m. These are the moments that make history. Where the Turf Meets the Surf Keeneland sales graduates have won Del Mar racetrack opened its doors (and its betting six editions of the Pacific Classic over windows) on July 3, 1937. Since then it’s become West the last decade. Coast racing’s summer destination where avid fans and newcomers to the sport enjoy the beauty and excitement of Thoroughbred racing in a gorgeous seaside setting. CHANGES AND RESULTS Courtesy of Equibase Del Mar Changes, live odds, results and race replays at your ngertips. Dmtc.com/app for iPhone or Android or visit dmtc.com NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS Federal law requires that customers for certain transactions be identi ed by name, address, government-issued identi cation and other relevant information. Therefore, customers may be asked to provide information and identi cation to comply with the law. www.msb.gov PROGRAM ERRORS Every effort is made to avoid mistakes in the of cial program, but Del Mar Thoroughbred Club assumes no liability to anyone for Beholder errors that may occur. 2016 Pacific CHECK YOUR TICKET AND MONIES BEFORE Classic S. (G1) CONFIRMING WAGER. MANAGEMENT ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBLITY FOR TRANSACTIONS NOT COMPLETED WHEN WAGERING CLOSES. POST TIMES Post times for today’s on-track and imported races appear on the following page.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mouthpiece
    Our Web Page The Mouthpiece www.activedivers. org/ May 2003 THE ACTIVE DIVERS ASSOCIATION NEWSLETTER April-May Dive Schedule Sat. 4-26 PM North Key Largo Sites may include: The Christ of the Abyss, the Elbow, N. Dry Rocks, N. N. Dry Rocks, Grecian Rocks, Carysfort, Shark Reef. Average depth 30’, usually no current. Average visibility is 30-50’ with many tropi- cals, morays, cudas. Sun. 5-4 PM Islamorada Just 4 miles past Tavernier, sites may include: Hammerhead, The Canyon, El I nfante, Crocker, No Name, The Valley Aquarium, Alligator. Average depth 30-40’, visibility 40-50’. Some current, many fish, shallow wrecks Sat. 5-10 PM Tavernier Sites may include: Conch Reef, Davis Ledge, Hens & Chickens, Little Conch, Capt. Tom’s Ledge, 40’ Ledge, Fish Trap, Horseshoe. Average depth 30’, average visibility 40-60’, many morays, schooling tropicals, un- usual pillar corals. Sat. 5-17 AM Biscayne Park (inc tanks) Sites may include: Rocky Reef, Elkhorn Forest, Ball Buoy, Far Out Reef, Cuda Ledge. Usually no currents, massive corals, small caves. The Keys “Best Kept Secret”, only one commercial boat allowed in area. Depth 20-30’, vis 30-60’. Sat. 5-24 PM Tenneco Towers (Advanced) Choice of more than 40 wrecks. Some unlike anywhere else: Jet airliner, M-60 Tanks, Tankers, Freighters, Tugs, Barges. Most are intact with penetration possible. Average depth 90’, visibility 40-50’. Expect cur- rents and dramatic profiles, many fish. See advanced criterion this issue. All Dives $35.00 New for 2003! Members may now take advantage of NEW DIVE PACS and freeze 2002 prices for this year! Look at these savings 10 packs—10 dives for only $290 Save up To $60 5 packs—5 dives for only $150 Save up to $25 You may use these pacs for any local dive except Biscayne National Park.
    [Show full text]
  • FWC Division of Law Enforcement South Region
    FWC Division of Law Enforcement South Region – Bravo South Region B Comprised of: • Major Alfredo Escanio • Captain Patrick Langley (Key West to Marathon) – Lieutenants Roy Payne, George Cabanas, Ryan Smith, Josh Peters (Sanctuary), Kim Dipre • Captain David Dipre (Marathon to Dade County) – Lieutenants Elizabeth Riesz, David McDaniel, David Robison, Al Maza • Pilot – Officer Daniel Willman • Investigators – Carlo Morato, John Brown, Jeremy Munkelt, Bryan Fugate, Racquel Daniels • 33 Officers • Erik Steinmetz • Seth Wingard • Wade Hefner • Oliver Adams • William Burns • John Conlin • Janette Costoya • Andy Cox • Bret Swenson • Robb Mitchell • Rewa DeBrule • James Johnson • Robert Dube • Kyle Mason • Michael Mattson • Michael Bulger • Danielle Bogue • Steve Golden • Christopher Mattson • Steve Dion • Michael McKay • Jose Lopez • Scott Larosa • Jason Richards • Ed Maldonado • Adam Garrison • Jason Rafter • Marty Messier • Sebastian Dri • Raul Pena-Lopez • Douglas Krieger • Glen Way • Clayton Wagner NOAA Offshore Vessel Peter Gladding 2 NOAA near shore Patrol Vessels FWC Sanctuary Officers State Law Enforcement Authority: F. S. 379.1025 – Powers of the Commission F. S. 379.336 – Citizens with violations outside of state boundaries F. S. 372.3311 – Police Power of the Commission F. S. 910.006 – State Special Maritime Jurisdiction Federal Law Enforcement Authority: U.S. Department of Commerce - National Marine Fisheries Service U.S. Department of the Interior - U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service U.S. Department of the Treasury - U.S. Customs Service
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 ,0 • , • .. ' • .. " . • COMMUNITY STRUCTURE of SHALLOW
    , .. ". ,• ., • / .. ' ." • COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SHALLOW-WATER OPHIUROIDEA. ,0 • " . , 1 • • , " ,of,. , . \ , .... " .. / .. ,<1' • , "" :.,..>'--- ~ . ".. \ • McGill Un.wersi ty COMMUNITY STRIJC'ruP.E OF SHALLOW-WATER OPHIUROIDEA 1 OF BARaADOS, WEST Il-.'DIES. ~by \ Richard D. Bray , -' ~ , , • :,,' \ A thesis sub~itted to the faculty of Graduate Studies and ~. Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements """S " for the degree ~of Master of Science in the Marine Sciences Centre J Montreal, Quebec March, f975 ,", - '.. ,i . ", . ® Richard D. Bray 1975 :"t' • ABSTRACT , , This study investigated the ~unity structure of cryptic, coral reef d~ell1n9 oph1uroids in terrns vf habitat, species com- po~ition, abundance, and species diversity patterns. Three s~ ~ ling sites were examined and compared~ f~ging reef, shallow " rubble zone, and outer reef bank. A total of 27 species from 10 families was collected from the three sites. Eleven of these spe­ cies were additions to the reported ophiurdid fauna of Bariados ,,1 and the other islands of the Windward group. On the fringing reef four habitat types were distinguished: 1) sand or limèstone platform/ 2) reef area with greater than 50\ living coral coverage, 3) reet area with less than 50\ living coral . ~overage, and 4) rubble. There was an increase in species d1versity and a decrease in mean ophiuroid density with decreasing spatial heterogeneity. It was observed that the dominant reef ophiuroids vere suspension feeders, rather than bottOM, detritus f~eders. Most brittle-star species were generalfstsjn their choice of substrate. / a&: aSJ .- CI • ......;' .- ~., . .....~ ,> '.\ , '" { RESUME Cette étude porte sur la structure oes communautés d'ophiures ~ryptiques habitant les récifs de coraux: niches écologiques, com­ position des.
    [Show full text]
  • St. Kitts Final Report
    ReefFix: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Ecosystem Services Valuation and Capacity Building Project for the Caribbean ST. KITTS AND NEVIS FIRST DRAFT REPORT JUNE 2013 PREPARED BY PATRICK I. WILLIAMS CONSULTANT CLEVERLY HILL SANDY POINT ST. KITTS PHONE: 1 (869) 765-3988 E-MAIL: [email protected] 1 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Table of Contents 3 List of Figures 6 List of Tables 6 Glossary of Terms 7 Acronyms 10 Executive Summary 12 Part 1: Situational analysis 15 1.1 Introduction 15 1.2 Physical attributes 16 1.2.1 Location 16 1.2.2 Area 16 1.2.3 Physical landscape 16 1.2.4 Coastal zone management 17 1.2.5 Vulnerability of coastal transportation system 19 1.2.6 Climate 19 1.3 Socio-economic context 20 1.3.1 Population 20 1.3.2 General economy 20 1.3.3 Poverty 22 1.4 Policy frameworks of relevance to marine resource protection and management in St. Kitts and Nevis 23 1.4.1 National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) 23 1.4.2 National Physical Development Plan (2006) 23 1.4.3 National Environmental Management Strategy (NEMS) 23 1.4.4 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NABSAP) 26 1.4.5 Medium Term Economic Strategy Paper (MTESP) 26 1.5 Legislative instruments of relevance to marine protection and management in St. Kitts and Nevis 27 1.5.1 Development Control and Planning Act (DCPA), 2000 27 1.5.2 National Conservation and Environmental Protection Act (NCEPA), 1987 27 1.5.3 Public Health Act (1969) 28 1.5.4 Solid Waste Management Corporation Act (1996) 29 1.5.5 Water Courses and Water Works Ordinance (Cap.
    [Show full text]
  • Molasses Reef Sanctuary Preservation Area
    Molasses Reef Sanctuary Preservation Area SANCTUARY AREAS Wellwood Restoration Research Sand Only Ecological Reserve Existing Management Area Sanctuary Preservation Area Sand (SPAs) Wildlife Lighted Management Area Marker 10 Shallow Sea Grass Rubble Shallow Coral Sand 25' 35' Very Shallow Island 5' 18” Mooring Buoy 3 - 5ft. 40'-50' Spar Buoy 30” Yellow Sanctuary Buoy FKNMS Shipwreck Trail A Boating and Angling Guide to the Molasses Reef Sanctuary Preservation Area With certain exceptions, the following activities are prohibited Sanctuary-Wide: • Moving, removing, taking, injuring, touching, breaking, • Operating a vessel at more than 4 knots/no wake cutting or possessing coral or live rock. within 100 yards of a “divers down” flag. • Discharging or depositing treated or untreated sewage • Diving or snorkeling without a dive flag. from marine sanitation devices, trash and other • Operating a vessel in such a manner which endangers materials life, limb, marine resources, or property. • Dredging, drilling, prop dredging or otherwise altering • Releasing exotic species. the seabed, or placing or abandoning any structure on • Damaging or removing markers, mooring buoys, the seabed. scientific equipment, boundary buoys, and trap buoys. • Operating a vessel in such a manner as to strike or • Moving, removing, injuring, or possessing historical otherwise injure coral, seagrass, or other immobile resources. organisms attached to the seabed, or cause prop • Taking or possessing protected wildlife. scarring. • Using or possessing explosives or electrical charges. • Having a vessel anchored on living coral in water less • Harvesting, possessing or landing any marine life than 40 feet deep when the bottom can be seen. species except as allowed by the Florida Fish and Anchoring on hardbottom is allowed.
    [Show full text]
  • Signature Redacted
    One Fish, Two Fish, Lungfish, Youfish: Embracing Traditional Taxonomy in a Molecular World By ASSA ETTS I E OFOF TECHNOLGT E Lindsay Kirlin Brownell JUN 3 0 2014 B.S. Biology B.A. English LIBRARIES Davidson College, 2010 SUBMITTED TO THE PROGRAM IN COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES/WRITING IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN SCIENCE WRITING AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SEPTEMBER 2014 D 2014 Lindsay Kirlin Brownell. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Signature redacted Signature of Author: Program of Comparative Media Studies/Writing May 22, 2014 Signature redacted Certified by: Alan Lightman Professor of the Practice Thesis Advisor Signature redacted I Accepted by: _ Tom Levenson Professor of Science Writing Director, Graduate Program in Science Writing 1 One Fish, Two Fish, Lungfish, Youfish: Embracing Traditional Taxonomy in a Molecular World By Lindsay Kirlin Brownell Submitted to the Program in Comparative Media Studies/Writing on May 22, 2014 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Science Writing ABSTRACT In today's increasingly digitized, data-driven world, the "old ways" of doing things, especially science, are quickly abandoned in favor of newer, ostensibly better methods. One such discipline is the ancient study of taxonomy, the discovery and organization of life on Earth. New techniques like DNA sequencing are allowing taxonomists to gain insight into the tangled web of relationships between species (among the Acanthomorph fish, for example).
    [Show full text]
  • Keys Sanctuary 25 Years of Marine Preservation National Parks Turn 100 Offbeat Keys Names Florida Keys Sunsets
    Keys TravelerThe Magazine Keys Sanctuary 25 Years of Marine Preservation National Parks Turn 100 Offbeat Keys Names Florida Keys Sunsets fla-keys.com Decompresssing at Bahia Honda State Park near Big Pine Key in the Lower Florida Keys. ANDY NEWMAN MARIA NEWMAN Keys Traveler 12 The Magazine Editor Andy Newman Managing Editor 8 4 Carol Shaughnessy ROB O’NEAL ROB Copy Editor Buck Banks Writers Julie Botteri We do! Briana Ciraulo Chloe Lykes TIM GROLLIMUND “Keys Traveler” is published by the Monroe County Tourist Development Contents Council, the official visitor marketing agency for the Florida Keys & Key West. 4 Sanctuary Protects Keys Marine Resources Director 8 Outdoor Art Enriches the Florida Keys Harold Wheeler 9 Epic Keys: Kiteboarding and Wakeboarding Director of Sales Stacey Mitchell 10 That Florida Keys Sunset! Florida Keys & Key West 12 Keys National Parks Join Centennial Celebration Visitor Information www.fla-keys.com 14 Florida Bay is a Must-Do Angling Experience www.fla-keys.co.uk 16 Race Over Water During Key Largo Bridge Run www.fla-keys.de www.fla-keys.it 17 What’s in a Name? In Marathon, Plenty! www.fla-keys.ie 18 Visit Indian and Lignumvitae Keys Splash or Relax at Keys Beaches www.fla-keys.fr New Arts District Enlivens Key West ach of the Florida Keys’ regions, from Key Largo Bahia Honda State Park, located in the Lower Keys www.fla-keys.nl www.fla-keys.be Stroll Back in Time at Crane Point to Key West, features sandy beaches for relaxing, between MMs 36 and 37. The beaches of Bahia Honda Toll-Free in the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Original Research Article Open Access
    Available online at http://www.journalijdr.com ISSN: 2230-9926 International Journal of Development Research Vol. 10, Issue, 04, pp. 34943-34951, April, 2020 RESEARCH ARTICLE ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS SPECIES RICHNESS OF PYCNOGONIDA AND ECHINODERMATA ASSOCIATED WITH THE REEF ECOSYSTEMS OF MORRO DE SÃO PAULO ON TINHARÉ ISLAND IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL Jéssica Prata*1,2,3, Rudá Amorim Lucena1,2, Silvio Felipe Barbosa Lima2,4, J. Weverton S. Souza5 and Martin Lindsey Christoffersen1,2,6 1Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Laboratório de Invertebrados Paulo Young, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051-900, Brazil; 2Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia), Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051- 900, Brazil; 3Universidade Federal da Paraíba – Campus II, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Cidade Universitária, Areia, Paraíba, 58397-000, Brasil; 4Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Centro de Formação de Professores, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Casas Populares, Cajazeiras, Paraíba, 58900-000, Brazil; 5Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Avenida Bertrand Russel, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil; 6Universidade Federal da Paraíba,
    [Show full text]
  • Epibenthic Mobile Invertebrates Along the Florida Reef Tract: Diversity and Community Structure Kristin Netchy University of South Florida, [email protected]
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 3-21-2014 Epibenthic Mobile Invertebrates along the Florida Reef Tract: Diversity and Community Structure Kristin Netchy University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Other Education Commons, and the Other Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Netchy, Kristin, "Epibenthic Mobile Invertebrates along the Florida Reef Tract: Diversity and Community Structure" (2014). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5085 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Epibenthic Mobile Invertebrates along the Florida Reef Tract: Diversity and Community Structure by Kristin H. Netchy A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Marine Science College of Marine Science University of South Florida Major Professor: Pamela Hallock Muller, Ph.D. Kendra L. Daly, Ph.D. Kathleen S. Lunz, Ph.D. Date of Approval: March 21, 2014 Keywords: Echinodermata, Mollusca, Arthropoda, guilds, coral, survey Copyright © 2014, Kristin H. Netchy DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to Dr. Gustav Paulay, whom I was fortunate enough to meet as an undergraduate. He has not only been an inspiration to me for over ten years, but he was the first to believe in me, trust me, and encourage me.
    [Show full text]