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Country Report Singapore Country Report Singapore Natural Disaster Risk Assessment and Area Business Continuity Plan Formulation for Industrial Agglomerated Areas in the ASEAN Region March 2015 AHA CENTRE Japan International Cooperation Agency OYO International Corporation Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc. CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. Overview of the Country Basic Information of Singapore 1), 2), 3) National Flag Country Name Long form : Republic of Singapore Short form : Singapore Capital Singapore (city-state) Area (km2) Total: 716 Land: 700 Inland Water: 16 Population 5,399,200 Population density(people/ km2 of land area) 7,713 Population growth (annual %) 1.6 Urban population (% of total) 100 Languages Malay (National/Official language), English, Chinese, Tamil (Official languages) Ethnic Groups Chinese 74%, Malay 13%, Indian 9%, Others 3% Religions Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Daoism, Hinduism GDP (current US$) (billion) 298 GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) 76,850 GDP growth (annual %) 3.9 Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) +0 Industry, value added (% of GDP) 25 Services, etc., value added (% of GDP) 75 Brief Description Singapore is a city-state consisting of Singapore Island, which is located close to the southern edge of the Malay Peninsula, and 62 other smaller outlying islands. Singapore is ranked as the second most densely populated country in the world, after Monaco. With four languages being used as official languages, the country itself is a competitive business district. Therefore, there are many residents other than Singaporean living in the country. Singapore is one of the founding members of ASEAN (founded on August 8, 1967), and the leading economy in ASEAN. Cooperation with ASEAN countries is a basic diplomatic policy of Singapore. Singapore is part of the Commonwealth Nations, and has a constitutional republican government. i The current President of Singapore is Dr. Tony Tan. Since the founding of the nation, the politics of Singapore have been almost completely dominated by a single party, the People’s Action Party, and its internal affairs are stable. Natural Hazards Singapore does not have tropical cyclone, earthquake nor volcano eruption. (Possibility of man-made disasters in urban area where various human activities concentrate.) Disaster Management System 4) COMMISSIONER & DEPUTY COMMISSIONER SENIOR DIRECTOR SEN IOR DIRECTOR (EMERGENCY SERVICES) (CORPORA TE SERVICES) TECHNOLOGY PLANNING & OPERATIONS FIR E SA FETY & FIRE RESEARCH & INFO-COMMS D EPT CORPORATE D EPT SHELTER D EPT SCIENTIFIC UNIT SERVICES UNIT D EPT HA ZMA T PUBLIC AFFAIRS NCDCC FINANCE SERVICE D EPT D EPT ( N atio n al Civ il D ef en se D EPT EX C ELLEN C E Cadet Corps) D EPT MEDICAL TRAINING D EPT D EPT NS PERSONNEL LOGISTIC S D EPT D EPT CENTRAL EN FOR C EMEN T D EPT MANPOWER SERVICE D EPT SUPPORT UNIT, HQ SCDF SCDF DIVISION HQ CIVIL DEFENCE NATIONAL SERVICE SCDF MARINE ACADEMY / TRAINING INSTITUTE / COMMAND HQ PROVOST UNIT 5 TH SCDF DIVISION HQ 6 TH SCDF DIVISION HQ SERVICE SUPPORT UNIT, CDA COMPLEX R ESC U E BA TTA LION EMERGENCY DART FIR E BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES & CARE UNIT UNIT INVESTIGATION MARINE FIRE CIVIL UNIT STA TION RESOURCES BA TTA LION Legend FIR E STA TION Staff Supervisory Link SPECIAL RESCUE Office of Commissioner UNIT TRANSPORT R ESC U E BA TTA LION Staff Department BA TTA LION R ESC U E BA TTA LION Line Unit Central Units SHELTER Sub- Unit BA TTA LION NS Unit References: 1) Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) website (2014): https://www.cia.gov (Accessed: October 15, 2014) 2) Ministry of Foreign Affairs website (2013): http://www.mofa.go.jp (Accessed: October 15, 2014) 3) The World Bank Data Bank website (2012, 2013): http://data.worldbank.org (Accessed: October 15, 2014) 4) Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF): http://www.scdf.gov.sg/content/scdf_internet/en/general/about-us/organisation_structure/our-people.html (The organizational chart as of October 31, 2013) ii Contents Overview of the Country Page 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 2. Natural Disaster Risks ............................................................................................ 2 2.1 Predominant Hazards ....................................................................................... 2 2.2 Flood ................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 Earthquake ........................................................................................................... 8 2.4 Tsunami ........................................................................................................... 13 2.5 Volcanoes ....................................................................................................... 15 2.6 Cyclone and Meteorological Hazards.............................................................. 18 2.7 Landslides ....................................................................................................... 23 3. Industrial Parks ..................................................................................................... 24 3.1 Distribution of Industrial Parks in Singapore ................................................... 24 3.2 Historical Evolution of Industrial Parks ............................................................ 26 3.3 Recent Trends and Japanese Investment ....................................................... 27 4. Transport Infrastructure and Lifeline Utilities ......................................................... 28 4.1 Overview of Transport Infrastructure ............................................................... 28 4.2 Overview of Lifeline Utilities ............................................................................ 32 4.3 Natural Disasters and Infrastructure................................................................ 36 5. Legislative Systems .............................................................................................. 37 5.1 Legislative Systems for Disaster Management ............................................... 37 5.2 Regulations and Standards for Business Continuity Management ................. 38 5.3 Legislative Systems for the Environment and Pollution Control ...................... 38 5.4 Legislative Systems for Development including Land Use, Rivers, and Building Code in Singapore ............................................................................. 40 6. Implementaion of BCP .......................................................................................... 41 Appendix 1: Method for Evaluating Predominant Hazards ....................................... 42 Appendix 2: Data Sheets Outline of Existing Investigations and Studies ............... 44 Appendix 3: List of Industrial Parks in Singapore ..................................................... 57 Appendix 4: General Investment Risk of Singapore ................................................. 60 iii Introduction 1. Introduction This report is the first version of the Country Report for Singapore, which gives information on natural disaster risks of the country, industrial parks, major traffic infrastructure and lifeline utilities, and legislative systems relating to disaster management and business continuity. The country report is prepared as a reference document for individuals and organizations who are wishing to integrate disaster risk information for their decisions: such as investment to Singapore, preparation of a business continuity plan (BCP) or disaster management plan of their organization, preparation of an Area Business Continuity Plan (Area BCP) of their area, and simply knowing natural disaster risks of their area. Information contained in this report is macroscopic covering the entire country at the same level. When detailed risk information is necessary, hazard and risk assessments for an area of interest are required. Since the country report was prepared with limited data and information as one of the components of the project1 of ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on Disaster Management (AHA Centre) and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) with a limited data and information, a revision by national experts is required for further refinement. The following are reference documents prepared by the project of AHA Centre and JICA. 1. AHA Centre and JICA (2015): Planning Guide for Area Business Continuity, Area BCM Took Kits, Version 2. 2. AHA Centre and JICA (2015): The Country Reports; Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore and Vietnam. 3. AHA Centre and JICA (2015): The Risk Profile Reports; Karawang and Bekasi of Indonesia, Cavite, Laguna and the Southern Part of Metropolitan Manila of the Philippines, and Haiphong of Vietnam. 1 Natural Disaster Risk Assessment and Area Business Continuity Plan Formulation for Industrial Agglomerated Areas in the ASEAN Region, AHA Centre and JICA, 2013 to 2015. 1 Country Report 2. Natural Disaster Risks 2.1 Predominant Hazards Natural disaster risk of Singapore is low. No disasters that have caused significant damage or deaths have been recorded. Descriptions of each hazard are given in Section 2.2 to Section 2.7. 2 Natural Disaster Risks Note: GDP-PPP, Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) valuation of country GDP, International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2012 Source of data and information: EM-DAT, The OFDA/CRED International
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