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Temporal and Spatial Origin of Gesneriaceae in the New World Inferred from Plastid DNA Sequences
bs_bs_banner Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 171, 61–79. With 3 figures Temporal and spatial origin of Gesneriaceae in the New World inferred from plastid DNA sequences MATHIEU PERRET1*, ALAIN CHAUTEMS1, ANDRÉA ONOFRE DE ARAUJO2 and NICOLAS SALAMIN3,4 1Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Ch. de l’Impératrice 1, CH-1292 Chambésy, Switzerland 2Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Rua Santa Adélia, 166, Bairro Bangu, Santo André, Brazil 3Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 4Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Received 15 December 2011; revised 3 July 2012; accepted for publication 18 August 2012 Gesneriaceae are represented in the New World (NW) by a major clade (c. 1000 species) currently recognized as subfamily Gesnerioideae. Radiation of this group occurred in all biomes of tropical America and was accompanied by extensive phenotypic and ecological diversification. Here we performed phylogenetic analyses using DNA sequences from three plastid loci to reconstruct the evolutionary history of Gesnerioideae and to investigate its relationship with other lineages of Gesneriaceae and Lamiales. Our molecular data confirm the inclusion of the South Pacific Coronanthereae and the Old World (OW) monotypic genus Titanotrichum in Gesnerioideae and the sister-group relationship of this subfamily to the rest of the OW Gesneriaceae. Calceolariaceae and the NW genera Peltanthera and Sanango appeared successively sister to Gesneriaceae, whereas Cubitanthus, which has been previously assigned to Gesneriaceae, is shown to be related to Linderniaceae. Based on molecular dating and biogeographical reconstruction analyses, we suggest that ancestors of Gesneriaceae originated in South America during the Late Cretaceous. -
Trends in Nectar Concentration and Hummingbird Visitation
SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2016 Trends in Nectar Concentration and Hummingbird Visitation: Investigating different variables in three flowers of the Ecuadorian Cloud Forest: Guzmania jaramilloi, Gasteranthus quitensis, and Besleria solanoides Sophie Wolbert SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Animal Studies Commons, Community-Based Research Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Latin American Studies Commons, and the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Wolbert, Sophie, "Trends in Nectar Concentration and Hummingbird Visitation: Investigating different variables in three flowers of the Ecuadorian Cloud Forest: Guzmania jaramilloi, Gasteranthus quitensis, and Besleria solanoides" (2016). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 2470. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/2470 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Wolbert 1 Trends in Nectar Concentration and Hummingbird Visitation: Investigating different variables in three flowers of the Ecuadorian Cloud Forest: Guzmania jaramilloi, Gasteranthus quitensis, and Besleria solanoides Author: Wolbert, Sophie Academic -
Gesneriads First Quarter 2018
GesThe Journal forn Gesneriade Growersria ds Volume 68 ~ Number 1 First Quarter 2018 Return to Table of Contents RETURN TO TABLE OF CONTENTS The Journal for Gesneriad Growers Volume 68 ~ Number 1 Gesneriads First Quarter 2018 FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 5 Saintpaulia, the NEW Streptocarpus 3 Message from the President Winston Goretsky Julie Mavity-Hudson 9 Style Guide for Writers 4 From The Editor Jeanne Katzenstein Peter Shalit 10 Gesneriads at the Liuzhou Arts Center 18 Gesneriad Registrations Wallace Wells Irina Nicholson 24 Flower Show Awards 42 Changes to Hybrid Seed List 4Q17 Paul Susi Gussie Farrice 25 Gesneriads POP in New England! 46 Coming Events Maureen Pratt Ray Coyle and Karyn Cichocki 28 62nd Annual Convention of The 47 Flower Show Roundup Gesneriad Society 51 Back to Basics: Gesneriad Crafts 37 Convention Speakers Dale Martens Dee Stewart 55 Seed Fund – Species 39 Petrocosmeas in the United Kingdom Carolyn Ripps Razvan Chisu 61 Information about The Gesneriad 43 Gasteranthus herbaceus – A white- Society, Inc. flowered Gasteranthus from the northern Andes Dale Martens with John L. Clark Cover Eucodonia ‘Adele’ grown by Eileen McGrath Back Cover and exhibited at the New York State African Petrocosmea ‘Stone Amethyst’, hybridized, Violet Convention Show, October 2017. grown, and photographed by Andy Kuang. Photo: Bob Clark See New Registrations article, page 18. Editor Business Manager The Gesneriad Society, Inc. Peter Shalit Michael A. Riley The objects of The Gesneriad [email protected] [email protected] Society are to afford -
Complete List of Gesneriad Species
Gesneriaceae Currently Aeschynanthus batakiorum Aeschynanthus jouyi Accepted Species Names Aeschynanthus batesii Aeschynanthus kermesinus Aeschynanthus brachyphyllus Aeschynanthus lancilimbus Updated 4/1/21 Aeschynanthus bracteatus Aeschynanthus lasianthus (originally SI Checklist 6-15-12 Aeschynanthus breviflorus Aeschynanthus lasiocalyx previously updated to 6/1/16) Aeschynanthus burttii Aeschynanthus lepidospermus https://padme.rbge.org.uk/grc Aeschynanthus buxifolius Aeschynanthus leptocladus Aeschynanthus calanthus Aeschynanthus leucothamnos Gesnereaceae Resource Centre - Aeschynanthus cambodiensis # Aeschynanthus ligustrinus create a checklist (rbge.org. -
A New Formal Classification of Gesneriaceae Is Proposed
Selbyana 31(2): 68–94. 2013. ANEW FORMAL CLASSIFICATION OF GESNERIACEAE ANTON WEBER* Department of Structural and Functional Botany, Faculty of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. Email: [email protected] JOHN L. CLARK Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA. MICHAEL MO¨ LLER Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland, U.K. ABSTRACT. A new formal classification of Gesneriaceae is proposed. It is the first detailed and overall classification of the family that is essentially based on molecular phylogenetic studies. Three subfamilies are recognized: Sanangoideae (monospecific with Sanango racemosum), Gesnerioideae and Didymocarpoideae. As to recent molecular data, Sanango/Sanangoideae (New World) is sister to Gesnerioideae + Didymocarpoideae. Its inclusion in the Gesneriaceae amends the traditional concept of the family and makes the family distinctly older. Subfam. Gesnerioideae (New World, if not stated otherwise with the tribes) is subdivided into five tribes: Titanotricheae (monospecific, East Asia), Napeantheae (monogeneric), Beslerieae (with two subtribes: Besleriinae and Anetanthinae), Coronanthereae (with three subtribes: Coronantherinae, Mitrariinae and Negriinae; southern hemisphere), and Gesnerieae [with five subtribes: Gesneriinae, Gloxiniinae, Columneinae (5the traditional Episcieae), Sphaerorrhizinae (5the traditional Sphaerorhizeae, monogeneric), and Ligeriinae (5the traditional Sinningieae)]. In the Didymocarpoideae (almost exclusively -
The Family Gesneriaceae As Example for the Biological Extinction in Western Ecuador
Lars Peter Kvist1 Laurence ESkog2 John L Clark32 & Richard W Dunn4 128 The family Gesneriaceae as example for the Biological extinction in Western Ecuador. Abstract A large component of the unique vegetation of western Ecuador is the Gesneriaceae. A total of 107 species of the family have been recorded as native to this area of ca. 80000 km2, with 23 endemic to western lowland Ecuador. Forty-two of the 107 species have also been found on Andean slopes above 1000 m elevation in western Ecuador, 75 in western Colombia, 25 in Central America and 27 in the Amazon basin including upper eastern Andean slopes. Habitat destruction threatens 36 of the 107 species, and 24 of these species are rare or absent elsewhere, and are thus endangered in their entire range. The threatened Gesneriaceae of western Ecuador are mostly either restricted to isolated ridges covered with low elevation cloud forests or were distributed in the once extensive moist forests in the central, western and southern parts of the Ecuadorian coast. If the present deforestation rate continues, however, all but the most common and somewhat weedy species will be endangered. Also, if the Gesneriaceae are indicative of the status of the flora of flowering plants below 1000 m elevation in western lowland Ecuador, nearly 500 endemic species may be extinct or endangered in the region, and another 1000+ species may equally disappear from western Ecuador. Key words. Ecuador, Phytogeography, Gesneriaceae, Gasteranthus, Extinction, Endemism, Distribution. Resumen Un componente importante de la vegetación extraordinaria diversa de la costa de Ecuador, son las Gesneriaceae. De esa familia se ha registrado 107 especies nativas en un área de aproximadamente 80000 km2, desde el nivel del mar hasta 1000 m. -
Lamiales – Synoptical Classification Vers
Lamiales – Synoptical classification vers. 2.6.2 (in prog.) Updated: 12 April, 2016 A Synoptical Classification of the Lamiales Version 2.6.2 (This is a working document) Compiled by Richard Olmstead With the help of: D. Albach, P. Beardsley, D. Bedigian, B. Bremer, P. Cantino, J. Chau, J. L. Clark, B. Drew, P. Garnock- Jones, S. Grose (Heydler), R. Harley, H.-D. Ihlenfeldt, B. Li, L. Lohmann, S. Mathews, L. McDade, K. Müller, E. Norman, N. O’Leary, B. Oxelman, J. Reveal, R. Scotland, J. Smith, D. Tank, E. Tripp, S. Wagstaff, E. Wallander, A. Weber, A. Wolfe, A. Wortley, N. Young, M. Zjhra, and many others [estimated 25 families, 1041 genera, and ca. 21,878 species in Lamiales] The goal of this project is to produce a working infraordinal classification of the Lamiales to genus with information on distribution and species richness. All recognized taxa will be clades; adherence to Linnaean ranks is optional. Synonymy is very incomplete (comprehensive synonymy is not a goal of the project, but could be incorporated). Although I anticipate producing a publishable version of this classification at a future date, my near- term goal is to produce a web-accessible version, which will be available to the public and which will be updated regularly through input from systematists familiar with taxa within the Lamiales. For further information on the project and to provide information for future versions, please contact R. Olmstead via email at [email protected], or by regular mail at: Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA. -
Ecology of Plant Hummingbird Interactions in Maquipucuna, Ecuador
ECOLOGY OF PLANT HUMMINGBIRD INTERACTIONS IN MAQUIPUCUNA, ECUADOR Tatiana Santander, Esteban Guevara, Francisco Tobar, Holger Beck, Nicole Büttner, Andrea Nieto, Andrés Marcayata, Friederike Richter, María José Gavilanes, Cristian Poveda, Bryan Rojas, Rafael Wüest, Carolina Bello and Catherine H. Graham October 22, 2020 Contents 1. Introduction and project overview 1 2. Methodological Approach 2 Field transects ................................ 2 Timelapse cameras .............................. 5 3. Resulting patterns 5 Planthummingbird interactions ........................ 5 Plants information and phenology ....................... 9 The Network of Interactions .......................... 12 4. Conclusions: 19 Acknowledgements 20 1. Introduction and project overview One of the main hypotheses for how so many related species can cooccur is resource partitioning where species use different resources, which limits competition among species and allows them to coexist. In the case of hummingbirds and plants, each hummingbird species forages on a distinct set of flowers and each flowering plant species is visited by a subset of hummingbirds. Interactions between plants and hummingbirds are mutually beneficial. These mutualistic hummingbirdplant interactions are important from a hummingbird perspective because hummingbirds require nectar to fuel their highenergy lifestyles where they often hover – an energetically costly behavior – to take nectar. From a plant perspective most hummingbirds pollinate flowers as they forage on nectar, though some hummingbirds take nectar from the base of the flower, cheating the flower from this service of pollination. The intricate web of interactions between hummingbirds and their food plants evolved over millennia as a result of diffuse coevolution which yielded a remarkable array of morphological forms and functions. Ongoing human activities, such as deforestation and climate change threaten these interaction webs, yet little is known as to how hummingbirds and their food plants will respond. -
A Phylogenetic Analysis of Tribes Beslerieae and Napeantheae (Gesneriaceae) and Evolution of Fruit Types: Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood Analyses of Ndhf Sequences
Systematic Botany (2000), 25(1): pp. 72±81 q Copyright 2000 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists A Phylogenetic Analysis of Tribes Beslerieae and Napeantheae (Gesneriaceae) and Evolution of Fruit Types: Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood Analyses of ndhF Sequences JAMES F. S MITH Department of Biology, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, Idaho 83725 Communicating Editor: James Manhart ABSTRACT. A cladistic analysis of tribes Beslerieae and Napeantheae revealed that both are monophyletic groups and that Napeantheae is sister to Beslerieae. These relationships are supported by parsimony and most models of maximum likelihood analysis, although with the F81 model, maximum likelihood places Napeantheae within Beslerieae making the latter tribe paraphyletic. All analyses indicate that within Besler- ieae, Besleria and Gasteranthus are sister genera. In parsimony analysis these two genera are sister to the remainder of the tribe whereas in the maximum likelihood analyses, Cremosperma is sister to Besleria/Gaster- anthus. Regardless of the analysis, there is a close relationship between clades comprised of dehiscent ¯eshy- fruited genera and those with indehiscent ¯eshy fruits. This is similar to Episcieae, implying that the tran- sition from dry capsular fruits to berries may require a two-step process where a ¯eshy dehiscent capsule is the ®rst stage followed by an indehiscent ¯eshy berry. The origin of stomata in islands, a characteristic common among Beslerieae and Napeantheae is discussed. Gesneriaceae comprise approximately 2,500± and subtending bracts on the in¯orescence, 2) one 3,700 species in 120±147 genera, distributed pri- trace, unilacunar nodal anatomy, 3) a petiole with marily in the tropics with a few temperate species a deep vascular crescent in cross section, 4) seeds in Europe, China, and Japan (Heywood 1978; Burtt without ¯eshy funiculi, and 5) an annular or semi- and Wiehler 1995). -
A Synoptical Classification of the Lamiales
Lamiales – Synoptical classification vers. 2.0 (in prog.) Updated: 13 December, 2005 A Synoptical Classification of the Lamiales Version 2.0 (in progress) Compiled by Richard Olmstead With the help of: D. Albach, B. Bremer, P. Cantino, C. dePamphilis, P. Garnock-Jones, R. Harley, L. McDade, E. Norman, B. Oxelman, J. Reveal, R. Scotland, J. Smith, E. Wallander, A. Weber, A. Wolfe, N. Young, M. Zjhra, and others [estimated # species in Lamiales = 22,000] The goal of this project is to produce a working infraordinal classification of the Lamiales to genus with information on distribution and species richness. All recognized taxa will be clades; adherence to Linnaean ranks is optional. Synonymy is very incomplete (comprehensive synonymy is not a goal of the project, but could be incorporated). Although I anticipate producing a publishable version of this classification at a future date, my near-term goal is to produce a web-accessible version, which will be available to the public and which will be updated regularly through input from systematists familiar with taxa within the Lamiales. For further information on the project and to provide information for future versions, please contact R. Olmstead via email at [email protected], or by regular mail at: Department of Biology, Box 355325, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA. Lamiales – Synoptical classification vers. 2.0 (in prog.) Updated: 13 December, 2005 Acanthaceae (~201/3510) Durande, Notions Elém. Bot.: 265. 1782, nom. cons. – Synopsis compiled by R. Scotland & K. Vollesen (Kew Bull. 55: 513-589. 2000); probably should include Avicenniaceae. Nelsonioideae (7/ ) Lindl. ex Pfeiff., Nomencl. -
JAROSLAV SOUKUP SDB. Jaroslav SOUKUP SDB
JAROSLAV SOUKUP SDB. JAROSlAV SOUKUP SDB. VOCABULARIO DE LOS NOMBRES VULGARES DE LA FLORA PERUANA· y CATALOGO DE LOS GENEROS EDITORIAL SALESIANA - LIMA PERU Preliminar La presente edición es la fusión corregida y aumentada del "Vocabulario" pu blicado en 1970 y de "Genera Peruviana", publicado en "Raymondiana" vol.3 pp.5-97, de fecha Diciembre de 1970. La primera edición del vocabulario tenía 1360 géneros con más de 4900 nombres populares. La presente edición sobre pasa los 2700 géneros y unos 6300 nombres vulgares. Se ha suprimido la Bibliografíay los pocos grabados pues requerfan unas 200 páginas más. Los interesados en la Bibliografía empleada la pueden encontrar casi en su totalidad en "Biota", vo/umenes /-IX. (1954-1979.) Notas En algunas familias, a continuación del nombre, hay entre paréntesis, dos nú meros: el primero indica el número de géneros que contiene la f ami/ia, y el otro el número de las especies conocidas. En los géneros, el primer número indica el total de especies descritas y el se gundo las que se han encontrado en el Perú. Si en Jugar del segundo número se encuentra un signo de interrogación, sig nifica que se desconoce el número de ellas en el Perú. En algunos casos, el nombre popular está seguido de una vocal entre parén tesis; esto indica que se pueden usar ambas formas, sin cambio de signmcado: conuca(o), Jo mismo es conuca o conuco; ckagne(i) Igual ckagne o ckagni. Para los nombres populares de la Amazonía peruana, nos fue útil el "Vocabu lario del Oriente Peruano" de Enrique Tovar (1888-1947) publicado en 1966. -
The Gesneriad Flora of the Los Cedros Biological Reserve, Northwest Ecuador, Part 1: Four New Species in Gasteranthus (Gesneriaceae)
©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Phyton (Horn, Austria) Vol. 36 Fasc. 2 303-309 31. 12. 1996 The Gesneriad Flora of the Los Cedros Biological Reserve, Northwest Ecuador, Part 1: Four New Species in Gasteranthus (Gesneriaceae) By Martin FREIBERG*) With 2 Figures Keywords: Gasteranthus div. spec, novae, Gesneriaceae. - Taxonomy. - Flora of Ecuador. Summary FREIBERG M. 1996. The Gesneriad Flora of the Los Cedros Biological Reserve, Northwest Ecuador, part 1: Four new species in Gasteranthus (Gesneriaceae). - Phyton (Horn, Austria) 36 (2): 303-309, 2 figures. - English with German summary. The Gesneriad Flora of the Los Cedros Biological Reserve in Northwest Ecuador has been investigated. The new species Gasteranthus giganteus M. FREIBERG, G. imbaburensis M. FREIBERG, G. leopardus M. FREIBERG and G. trifoliatus M. FREIBERG are described and illustrated. The complete list of all 35 species identified, additional descriptions of new species and a discussion will be given in Part 2. Zusammenfassung FREIBERG M. 1996. Die Gesneriaceen-Flora der Los Cedros Biological Reserve, Nordwest Ecuador, Teil 1: Vier neue Arten von Gasteranthus. - Phyton (Horn, Austria) 36 (2) 303-309, 2 Abbildungen. - Englisch mit deutscher Zusammenfassung. Die Gesneriaceen-Flora der Los Cedros Biological Reserve in Nordwest Ecuador wurde untersucht. Die neuen Arten Gasteranthus giganteus M. FREIBERG, G. imbaburensis M. FREIBERG, G. leopardus M. FREIBERG und G. trifoliatus M. FREIBERG werden beschrieben und illustriert. Die vollstândige Liste aller 35 identifizierten Arten, die Beschreibung weiterer neuer Arten sowie eine Diskussion wird in Teil 2 pràsentiert. *) Dr. Martin FREIBERG, Abteilung Spezielle Botanik, Universitât Ulm, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.