2013051082 Draft Program EIR (Distributed): July 23, 2014 Final EIR (Certified): February 24, 2015

Home , California newt

State Clearinghouse No.: 2013051082 Draft Program EIR (Distributed): July 23, 2014 Final EIR (Certified): February 24, 2015

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Preface

This document is the Final Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for the City of Chino Hills General Plan Update. It incorporates the Draft EIR and minor revisions made to the Draft EIR in Responses to Comments received on the EIR during the public review process. Other minor corrections to the Draft EIR that have been identified by City staff also are incorporated into the Final EIR.

In accordance with §15132 of the CEQA Guidelines, the Final EIR also contains in Attachment A:

• Comments and recommendations received on the Draft EIR; • List of persons, organizations, and public agencies commenting on the Draft EIR. • Responses of the City, as Lead Agency, to significant environmental points raised in the review and consultation process.

Attachment B of the Final EIR contains the Mitigation Monitoring Program (MMP) for the City of Chino Hills General Plan Update.

page i

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Contents

Executive Summary ...... 1 1. Summary Project Description ...... 1 2. Summary of Project Alternatives ...... 3 3. Summary Classification of Environmental Impacts ...... 3 4. Areas of Controversy ...... 3 5. Issues to be Resolved ...... 5 6. Summary of Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 6 7. Matrix of Mitigation Measures ...... 7 Chapter 1. Introduction ...... 1-1 1.1 Purpose ...... 1-1 1.2 Scope of the EIR ...... 1-2 1.3 Lead Agency ...... 1-3 1.4 Intended Uses of the EIR ...... 1-3 1.5 EIR Process ...... 1-4 1.6 Mitigation Monitoring Program ...... 1-4 1.7 Document Organization ...... 1-4 Chapter 2. Project Description ...... 2-1 2.1 Project Location ...... 2-1 2.2 Project Background ...... 2-1 2.3 Statement of Objectives ...... 2-2 2.4 Project Components ...... 2-3 2.5 General Plan Update Goals ...... 2-5 2.6 General Plan Update Land Use and Circulation Plans ...... 2-6 2.7 Zoning Map ...... 2-13 2.8 Public Actions and Approvals Required ...... 2-13 Chapter 3. Existing Setting ...... 3-1 3.1 Existing General Plan ...... 3-1 3.2 Existing Land Uses ...... 3-3 3.3 Existing Zoning Map ...... 3-3 3.4 Existing Transportation ...... 3-6 3.5 Existing Infrastructure ...... 3-6 3.6 Existing Geology and Seismicity ...... 3-6 3.7 Existing Biological Resources ...... 3-6 3.8 Existing Cultural Resources...... 3-7 3.9 Cumulative Impacts Setting ...... 3-8 Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures ...... 4-1 4.1 Land Use and Planning ...... 4-1 4.2 Aesthetics ...... 4-23 4.3 Air Quality ...... 4-31 4.4 Biological Resources ...... 4-47 4.5 Cultural Resources ...... 4-69 4.6 Geology and Soils ...... 4-83 4.7 Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change ...... 4-107 4.8 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ...... 4-129

page i City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.9 Hydrology and Water Quality ...... 4-147 4.10 Noise ...... 4-167 4.11 Population and Housing ...... 4-187 4.12 Public Services ...... 4-193 4.13 Recreation ...... 4-205 4.14 Transportation/Traffic ...... 4-209 4.15 Utilities and Service Systems ...... 4-249 Chapter 5. Alternatives ...... 5-1 5.1 Purpose and Scope ...... 5-1 5.2 Project Objectives ...... 5-1 5.3 Alternatives Considered and Withdrawn from Further Consideration ...... 5-2 5.4 Alternatives Analysis ...... 5-4 5.5 Environmentally Superior Alternative...... 5-11 Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations ...... 6-1 6.1 Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes ...... 6-1 6.2 Growth Inducing Effects ...... 6-2 6.3 Significant and Unavoidable Impacts ...... 6-3 6.4 Energy Conservation ...... 6-6 6.5 Effects Found Not to be Significant ...... 6-8 Chapter 7. Information Sources ...... 7-1 7.1 Bibliography ...... 7-1 7.2 Persons Preparing and Assisting in the Preparation of the EIR ...... 7-1

Appendices

Appendix A – Notice of Preparation and Initial Study Appendix B – Comments Received in Response to the Notice of Preparation Appendix C – Air Quality Study, Prepared by Rincon Consultants, Inc. dated January 2014 Appendix D – Results of Biological Overview, Prepared by Glenn Lukos Associates, Inc. dated October 21, 2010 Appendix E – Paleontological and Cultural Resources of Chino Hills for the General Plan Update, City of Chino Hills, California dated February 2011 Appendix F – Geotechnical Conditions Update, Prepared by GMU Geotechnical, Inc., dated March 14, 2011 Appendix G – Greenhouse Gas Study, Prepared by Rincon Consultants, Inc., dated January 2014 Appendix H – Noise Element: Technical Memorandum, Prepared by Wieland Acoustics, dated November 13, 2013 Appendix I – Traffic Impact Study for the Transportation & Circulation Element, Prepared by Minagar & Associates, Inc., dated June 28, 2013

Attachments

Attachment A – Comments and Responses to Comments on the Draft EIR Attachment B – Mitigation Monitoring Program

page ii City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

List of Figures

Figure 2-1 – Regional Location Map ...... 2-1 Figure 2-2 – General Plan Land Use Map ...... 2-7 Figure 2-3 – Proposed Zoning Map ...... 2-14 Figure 3-1 – Existing General Plan Land Use Policy Map ...... 3-2 Figure 3-2 – Existing Zoning Map ...... 3-5 Figure 4-1 – Management Zones, Chino Hills State Park General Plan ...... 4-20 Figure 4-2 – Vegetation Communities in Chino Hills ...... 4-49 Figure 4-3 – CNDDB Identified Special Status Species in Chino Hills ...... 4-61 Figure 4-4 – Active and Potentially Active Earthquake Faults Affecting Chino Hills ...... 4-85 Figure 4-5 – Chino Hills July 2008 Earthquake Epicenter Map ...... 4-86 Figure 4-6 – Seismic Hazards Fault Rupture ...... 4-89 Figure 4-7 – Liquefaction Susceptibility ...... 4-91 Figure 4-8 – Landslide Susceptibility ...... 4-93 Figure 4-9 – Expansive Soils ...... 4-96 Figure 4-10 – Chino Airport Safety Zones ...... 4-132 Figure 4-11 –- Fire Hazard Overlay District ...... 4-134 Figure 4-12 – Flooding and Inundation Zones ...... 4-148 Figure 4-13 – FEMA Flood Map ...... 4-149 Figure 4-14 – Common Noise Sources and A-Weighted Noise Levels ...... 4-169 Figure 4-15 – Common CNEL Noise Exposure at Various Locations ...... 4-170 Figure 4-16 – Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) Contours for the Existing Environment ...... 4-171 Figure 4-17 – Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) Contours for General Plan Build-Out ...... 4-177 Figure 4-18 – Existing Recreational Facilities in Chino Hills...... 4-196 Figure 4-19 – Traffic Study Intersections and Existing Roadway Travel Lane Configurations...... 4-213 Figure 4-20 – Intersection Level of Service Criteria for Signalized Intersections ...... 4-215 Figure 4-21 – City of Chino Hills Roadway Plan ...... 4-223 Figure 4-22 – Locations of Future Major Developments ...... 4-227 Figure 4-23 – Future Year 2027 AM/PM Traffic Volumes and Level of Service ...... 4-231 Figure 4-24 – Build-Out Year 2037 AM/PM Traffic Volumes and Level of Service ...... 4-238 Figure 4-25 – Water Supply Sources ...... 4-252

page iii City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

List of Tables

Table 2-1 – General Plan Land Use Designation Descriptions ...... 2-9 Table 2-2 – General Plan Build-Out – Land Use Designations by Acreage and Development Intensity ...... 2-11 Table 2-3 – Comparison of General Plan Update Acreage to Existing General Plan Acreages ...... 2-12 Table 3-1 – Existing General Plan Land Uses by Acres and Percent of Total Acres ...... 3-1 Table 3-2 – Existing General Plan and Existing Land Uses by Designation, by Non-Residential Square Feet, and by Dwelling Units, and Difference between Existing General Plan and Existing Development ...... 3-4 Table 4-1 – Existing General Plan Use ...... 4-3 Table 4-2 – Comparison of General Plan Update and Existing Land Use by Designation, Non- Residential Square Feet, and Dwelling Units ...... 4-4 Table 4-3 – Proposed Residential Density Transfers Source Sites Pursuant to Measure U ...... 4-12 Table 4-4 – Proposed Residential Density Transfers Recipient Sites Pursuant to Measure U ...... 4-12 Table 4-5 – Consistency with Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide (RCPG) ...... 4-16 Table 4-6 – Consistency with Compass Blueprint 2% Strategy ...... 4-17 Table 4-7 – SCAG Growth Projections and Chino Hills General Plan Update Build-out Projections ...... 4-18 Table 4-8 – Comparison of General Plan Update Development to Existing General Plan Development ...... 4-18 Table 4-9 – Current Federal and State Ambient Air Quality Standards ...... 4-33 Table 4-10 – Ambient Air Quality Data, Pomona Monitoring Station ...... 4-34 Table 4-11 – Estimated Daily Construction Emissions for General Plan Build-Out ...... 4-39 Table 4-12 – Estimated Daily Operational Emissions for General Plan Build-Out ...... 4-40 Table 4-13 – Intersection Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentration at General Plan Build-Out ...... 4-44 Table 4-14 – Vegetation or Land Cover Types Observed Within the City ...... 4-48 Table 4-15 – Special Status Animal Classifications ...... 4-52 Table 4-16 – Special Status Animals Potentially Occurring in Chino Hills ...... 4-53 Table 4-17 – Special-Status Plants with Potential to Occur in Chino Hills ...... 4-56 Table 4-18 – Estimated Construction Emissions of Greenhouse Gases ...... 4-118 Table 4-19 – Estimated Annual Area Source Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...... 4-118 Table 4-20 – Estimated Annual Energy-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...... 4-119 Table 4-21 – Estimated Annual Solid Waste Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...... 4-119 Table 4-22 – Estimated Annual Solid Waste Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...... 4-119 Table 4-23 – Estimated Annual Mobile Emissions of Greenhouse Gases ...... 4-119 Table 4-24 – Combined Annual Emissions of Greenhouse Gases ...... 4-120 Table 4-25 – General Plan Update Service Population ...... 4-120 Table 4-26 – Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Service Population ...... 4-120 Table 4-27 – General Plan Update Consistency with SCAG 2012-2035 RTP/SCS ...... 4-122 Table 4-28 – Consistency with Applicable Climate Action Team Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies ...... 4-124 Table 4-29 – Project Consistency with Applicable Attorney General Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Measures ...... 4-127 Table 4-30 – Dry Year and Multiple Dry Year Supply and Demand (2013-2035) ...... 4-161 Table 4-31 – Building Additions or Alterations Subject to California Green Building Standards Code ...... 4-172 Table 4-32 – Existing General Plan Noise Element, Noise/Land Use Compatibility Matrix ...... 4-173 page iv City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-33 – Guideline Vibration Damage Potential Threshold Criteria ...... 4-174 Table 4-34 – Future Noise Impact Zones Adjacent to Freeways and Highways ...... 4-180 Table 4-35 – Estimated Increases in Traffic Noise Levels Adjacent to Roadways ...... 4-183 Table 4-36 – Estimated Increases in Traffic Noise Levels Adjacent to Freeways and Highways ...... 4-184 Table 4-37 – Regional Population Growth for Chino Hills and Surrounding Cities and County, 2000-2010 ...... 4-187 Table 4-38 – Proposed Land Use Map Changes from a Residential to a Non-Residential Use ...... 4-192 Table 4-39 – Existing City of Chino Hills Fire Stations by Location and Major Equipment and Personnel ...... 4-193 Table 4-40 – Educational Facilities in Chino Hills ...... 4-195 Table 4-41 – Inventory of Existing Recreational Facilities in Chino Hills ...... 4-197 Table 4-42 – Level of Service Summary, Existing 2012 Weekday AM & PM Peak Hour Conditions ...... 4-216 Table 4-43 – Trip Generation for Anticipated Major Future Development ...... 4-226 Table 4-44 – Future Year 2027 Level of Service (LOS) and Cumulative Development Impact Summary ...... 4-230 Table 4-45 – Build-Out Year 2037 Level of Service (LOS) and Cumulative Development Impact Summary ...... 4-237 Table 4-46 – CMP Segment Peak Hour/Direction Level of Service (LOS) ...... 4-243 Table 4-47 – City of Chino Hills Projected Wastewater Flows ...... 4-251 Table 4-48 – Historical Water Production, Acre-Feet ...... 4-251 Table 4-49 – 2014/15 Projected Water Demand ...... 4-253 Table 4-50 – 2019/20 Projected Water Demand ...... 4-253 Table 4-51 – 2024/25 Projected Water Demand ...... 4-253 Table 4-52 – 2029/30 Projected Water Demand ...... 4-254 Table 4-53 – 2034/35 Projected Water Demand ...... 4-254 Table 4-54 – Water Supply Entitlements, City of Chino Hills ...... 4-262

page v

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Executive Summary

Following is a summary of the EIR for the General Parks, Recreation and Open Space Element was Plan Update for the City of Chino Hills (City). amended in June 2008, and no updates to that Copies of plans and documents prepared for or element are required at this time. The environ- related to this Update are available for review at mental review for the General Plan Update the City of Chino Hills Development Department. encompasses the proposed changes to these six elements and associated changes to the City of Key aspects of the General Plan Update, its Chino Hills Zoning Map to maintain consistency environmental impacts, mitigation measures, and with the General Plan Update. Referred to within alternatives that have been considered are this document as the proposed “Project,” the summarized in this chapter. The remaining General Plan Update sets forth plans for the City’s chapters of the EIR address the details of the continued development during the next 20 years. issues outlined below. As the City moves forward, remaining undeveloped lands are expected to develop, and 1. Summary Project Description the City will approach build-out. This change will bring new challenges to the City. For example, A General Plan is a community’s planning there could be fewer opportunities to “constitution” and is the single most important accommodate state and regional housing policy document in guiding land use and develop- objectives. Public facilities will age and could ment decisions within the City of Chino Hills (City). require greater maintenance. Revitalization of California law requires every general plan to cover, older properties and buildings could be required. at minimum, seven major land use and develop- To meet the challenges and maintain the City’s ment issues typical to most California cities and high quality of life, the General Plan Update counties. These seven issues – land use, redefines the City’s vision into the following circulation, housing, conservation, open space, 19 Vision Statements. Each goal, policy, and noise, and public safety – are addressed in different implementation measure presented in the General chapters of a general plan commonly known as Plan Update’s elements is designed to achieve “elements.” this vision. The Chino Hills General Plan Update builds 1. A Chino Hills that continues to reflect high extensively upon and consists of revisions to the quality residential and commercial areas existing General Plan, which was originally adopted surrounded by a rural setting. in 1994. The updated General Plan contains revisions to the Land Use Element, the Circulation 2. A Chino Hills that provides ample local Element, the Conservation Element, the Safety shopping, services and employment, and a Element, the Noise Element, and an optional secure tax base to support City government Economic Development Element. The Housing and the services it provides. Element was updated in November 2013 in compliance with state and regional mandates. The

Executive Summary page ES-1 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

3. A Chino Hills that protects the character and 19. A Chino Hills that minimizes noise-land use quality of the community and its incompatibilities and supports the peace and neighborhoods. serenity of its neighborhoods.

4. A Chino Hills that supports its commercial and As discussed in Section 4.1.3, Project employment centers. Components Relevant to Land Use and Planning, 5. A Chino Hills that supports a sustainable primary land use mapping and policy changes of balance of land uses, open spaces and the General Plan Update include: infrastructure. . Clarify open space designations; . 6. A Chino Hills that plans for its state-mandated Designate sites suitable for Very High allocation of housing units under the Regional Density Residential development to satisfy Housing Needs Assessment. the City’s RHNA requirement; . Create a new Mixed Use land use 7. A Chino Hills that supports healthy living. designation; . 8. A Chino Hills that plans for the maintenance of Transfer residential density between sites its open space resources. by moving unused density from existing institutional sites and from the Founders 9. A Chino Hills that continues to provide ample High Density Residential site to sites trails, parks, sports fields and community suitable for Mixed Use and Agriculture/ facilities for enjoyment by the public. Ranches designations; 10. A Chino Hills that supports a wide range of . Convert Planned Development zoning transportation systems to ensure adequate designations to traditional zoning and efficient access to, from and within the consistent with existing or planned land City. uses and with Measure U; . Permit residential clustering in 11. A Chino Hills that participates in regional Agriculture/Ranches and Rural Residential transportation planning programs. sites to protect environmental and visual 12. A Chino Hills that continues to provide a high resources through the Site Plan Review level of public services. process; . Correct land use designations for sites 13. A Chino Hills that continues to provide for that have developed or are expected to adequate public utilities. develop at uses or densities that differ 14. A Chino Hills that supports water and energy substantially from their existing General conservation. Plan land use designation, and . Correct mapping errors. 15. A Chino Hills that supports regional water quality mandates. Summary Project Location 16. A Chino Hills that supports regional targets for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Chino Hills is located in the Chino Valley at the extreme southwestern corner of San Bernardino 17. A Chino Hills that endeavors to minimize risks County, where the boundaries of four counties from naturally occurring hazards. meet. Chino Hills is bordered by Los Angeles 18. A Chino Hills that endeavors to minimize risks County on the north and west, Orange County on from human-made hazards. the south and west, and Riverside County on the south and east. Surrounding cities include Chino, Pomona, Diamond Bar, Brea, Yorba Linda, and Corona.

Executive Summary page ES-2 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 4 of this EIR, Environmental Setting, 2. Summary of Project Alternatives Impacts, and Mitigation Measures, are classified Alternatives to the project are found in according to the following categories: Section 7.0. In accordance with §15126.6 of the • No Impact: The impact in question would not CEQA Guidelines, acceptable alternatives are occur and there would be no change to those that could feasibly attain most of the basic existing or anticipated future baseline project objectives but would avoid or environmental conditions. substantially lessen potential significant effects of the project. Because the City is nearing build-out • Less Than Significant: Potential adverse and the Update proposes only minor land use impacts could occur, however these would be changes, only two alternatives are identified. below established thresholds of significance, These include Alternative 1, the Existing General and would consequently not result in a Plan Alternative, and Alternative 2, the Proposed substantial adverse change to existing or General Plan Update Alternative. anticipated future baseline environmental conditions. The No Project Alternative would have the least • environmental impact; however, the No Project Less Than Significant with Mitigation Alternative is not feasible, because additional Incorporated: Potentially significant adverse growth would occur with or without the General impacts could occur; however, measures to Plan Update due to natural forces (births and avoid, reduce or offset the impacts to a level family and household growth) and economic of less than significant have been defined and conditions (for example, people moving to Chino will be implemented by the City through the Hills, new businesses, expansion of existing actions identified in the mitigation businesses). Given the high similarity in land use measure(s). and circulation plans for the adopted General Plan • Significant and Unavoidable: Constitutes a and the proposed General Plan Update, environ- substantial adverse change to existing or mental impacts for either alternative would be anticipated future baseline environmental very similar. The updated General Plan would conditions that cannot be fully mitigated by result in an increase of residential units to satisfy implementation of all feasible mitigation state Housing Element requirements but a measures. concomitant reduction in commercial square footage. Consequently, changes to demand for public services and utilities and traffic impacts 4. Areas of Controversy would not be significant. Because the General Section 15123(b)(2) of CEQA requires that the EIR Plan Update contains new policies that better Summary include a brief statement of areas of address the community vision for quality of life, controversy associated with the project and/or EIR economic and environmental sustainability, and process. provides additional housing opportunities to meet the City’s allocation of regional housing needs, it is the preferred alternative. NOP Comments During the initial EIR scoping process, the City 3. Summary Classification of solicited comments from public agencies, special interest groups and the general public to determine Environmental Impacts whether there were any areas of controversy or specific environmental issues of concern. The Potential environmental impacts summarized scoping efforts included circulation of an Initial below in Section 5 (page ES-5) and identified in Study and Notice of Preparation of a Draft

Executive Summary page ES-3 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Environmental Impact Report, and a public EIR Southern California Association of Scoping Meeting, held on June 4, 2013. Twelve Governments people attended and signed in at the Scoping Meeting and no areas of controversy were noted. Stated its regional agency role in Inter- Governmental Review process, pursuant to Seven public or quasi-public agencies submitted Presidential Executive Order 12372, its role as a written comments in response to the Initial Study Regional Transportation Agency under state law, and Notice of Preparation (NOP). These comment responsible for preparing a Regional Transporta- letters are provided in Appendix B. These agency tion (RTP) and a Sustainable Communities Strategy letters provided routine comments submitted as a (SCS), and asked the City to discuss the General matter of standard procedure when responding to Plan Update’s consistency with the RTP/SCS and NOPs concerning General Plan updates. No areas of the growth forecasts contained therein. controversy were identified in these comments, Consistency with SCAG’s regional planning which are summarized below. programs and regional growth forecasts is discussed in Section 4.1, Land Use and Planning of California Department of Parks and Recreation this EIR. Stated their responsibility for oversight of the Chino Hills State Park (CHSP) and all of its sensitive OmniTrans natural resources, expressed concern about This letter identifies OmniTrans as the public potential uses of land adjacent to the Park, noted transportation services provider in the San that grazing is not permitted within the CHSP and Bernardino Valley and offers several suggestions transmitted a map with a request that the EIR for policy considerations to support transit acknowledge that the CHSP has its own land services, and to design new development for ready management plan and is not subject to any incorporation of or integration with transit, governance by the City. As described in pedestrian and bicycle modes of travel. The Section 4.1, Land Use and Planning of this EIR, the updated Circulation Element incorporates these General Plan Update Land Use Element contains kinds of policies, as discussed in Section 4.14, several policies that expressly seek to minimize Transportation/Traffic (beginning on page 4-209 impacts of development on the CHSP. of this EIR).

Native American Heritage Commission Puente Hills Habitat Conservation Authority Stated their jurisdiction with respect to Native This letter identifies the Puente Hills Habitat American resources, indicated that a Sacred Lands Conservation Authority (PHHCA) as a joint powers File search was conducted and did not identify the authority, comprised of several government presence of Native American traditional cultural agencies, dedicated to the acquisition, restoration, resources in the City, and provided a list of Tribes and management of open space in the Puente Hills, for the City to consult with during preparation of with a primary purpose of protecting biological the General Plan Update. As noted in Section 4.5, diversity. The letter requests further examination Cultural Resources (beginning on page 4-69 of this of potential effects on the PHHCA’s open space EIR), the City attempted to communicate with all of lands, specifically concerning aesthetic values, these Tribes and did not receive any substantive protection of woodlands and wildlife corridors, and comments. clarification on any proposed changes to residential densities.

Section 4.2, Aesthetics (beginning on page 4-23 of this EIR) examines aesthetic values within and

Executive Summary page ES-4 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

surrounding the City, including the City’s hillsides concerns regarding the suitability of the Tres and State Park. Section 4.4, Biological Resources Hermanos property for multifamily development (beginning on page 4-47 of this EIR) contains an and requested staff continue to seek alternative assessment of potential impacts to woodlands and sites to satisfy the City’s RHNA obligation. The wildlife corridors. Section 4.1, Land Use and Commission voted unanimously to recommend Planning of this EIR explains proposed revisions to approval of the Housing Element to the City land use designations, which includes a new Mixed Council, and the City Council subsequently adopted Use category that would allow for medium-high the Housing Element on October 8, 2013. density residential in combination with commercial At that same September 3, 2013 Planning uses at a single site, to achieve the allocations of Commission meeting, proactive planning housing types set forth in the Regional Housing mechanisms for the Tres Hermanos area were Needs Assessment. These areas are planned discussed. As a result of that discussion, the adjacent to major arterials and away from the City’s following Action item was added to the proposed hillside resources and the CHSP. Land Use Element:

Orange County Public Works Agency Action LU-2.4.4: Require development of the Tres Hermanos area to be planned through This letter had no comments on the scope of the the Specific Plan or other master planning EIR but requested to be kept notified of future process acceptable to the City. developments concerning the General Plan Update.

South Coast Air Quality Management District 5. Issues to be Resolved

This letter requested the City to follow the Section 15123(b)(3) of the CEQA Guidelines methodology and guidance for assessment of air requires that the EIR Summary include a brief quality impacts described in the SCAQMD CEQA statement of issues to be resolved. In this Handbook, and to develop mitigation measures to proposed Project, the major issues to be resolved avoid or substantially reduce potentially significant include decisions by the City’s Planning impact resulting from construction activities or Commission and City Council as to: long-term operations of land uses and the transportation network. The Air Quality Study 1. Whether this EIR adequately describes the prepared for the General Plan EIR was prepared in environmental impacts of the project; accordance with the SCAQMD CEQA Handbook and 2. Whether the mitigation measures all of SCAQMD’s current protocols for calculation identified in this EIR should be adopted as and assessment of air pollutant emissions. written, modified, replaced, or eliminated; 3. Whether the proposed General Plan Update provides more benefits and better Other Comments responds to the community vision, goals During a September 3, 2013 public hearing, the and objectives than the adopted General Planning Commission considered General Plan Plan. No. 13GPA03, an update to the Housing Element 4. Whether the benefits of the project for the 2014-2021 planning period as required by override the potentially significant and Article 10.6 of the California Government Code. unavoidable impacts relative to air quality The Housing Element promulgates the rezoning of and traffic that cannot feasibly be avoided a portion of the Tres Hermanos property to Very or mitigated to a level of insignificance. High Density Residential to assist the City in meeting its Regional Housing Needs Assessment The project is expected to generate unavoidable (RHNA). Members of the Commission expressed significant impacts relative to air quality and

Executive Summary page ES-5 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update traffic. Should the City decide to approve the proposed General Plan Update regardless of these 6. Summary of Impacts and unavoidable impacts, CEQA requires that the City Mitigation Measures consider adoption of two sets of findings. The The table below summarizes the impacts and first set is the Statement of Facts and Findings mitigation measures discussed in detail in which requires the City to identify significant Chapter 4, Environmental Setting, Impacts, and project impacts, presents facts supporting the Mitigation Measures. Potential environmental conclusions reached in the analysis, makes one or impacts of the project are summarized in the more of three findings for each impact, and left column of the following table. The explains the reasoning behind the City’s findings. mitigation measures proposed to alleviate the The second set is the Statement of Overriding impacts due to implementation of the project Considerations which requires the City to make are summarized in the second column of the findings that weigh the economic, legal, social, table. The third column characterizes the technological, and other benefits of the project significance of the impacts after the against the unavoidable environmental risks. implementation of the mitigation measures.

Executive Summary page ES-6 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

7. Matrix of Mitigation Measures Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation Land Use and Planning (Section 4.1) SCAG growth forecasts for Chino Hills are lower than the levels anticipated LU-1 City of Chino Hills Community Development Department shall work closely with Less than significant. in the General Plan Update, representing an inconsistency with regional SANBAG and SCAG to ensure the 2016-2040 RTP/SCS correctly incorporates the planning programs based on those forecasts, such as the RTP/SCS. There City of Chino Hills General Plan Update land use projections for population, would be no impact to the physical structure of any established community households, and employment. This coordination shall occur with each subsequent and no conflicts with any type of conservation plan. cycle of updates to the RTP/SCS. Aesthetics (Section 4.2) Unrestricted development of ridgelines and other highly visible natural Proposed Land Use and Conservation Element policies and the City’s existing zoning Less than significant. landforms could adversely impact scenic vistas. Development on land standards and development review procedures would avoid significant impacts to scenic containing oak or walnut woodlands or other prominent natural features vistas or scenic resources and would protect and preserve the visual character and quality could adversely impact scenic resources. Additional outdoor lighting of urbanized and natural areas of the City. Existing outdoor lighting controls are effective in associated with new development could potentially have spillover or glare preventing significant impacts such as spillover light and glare; however, further impacts, if not properly designed. specifications for application of standards to all multi-family residential and non-residential projects are needed, as specified in the following mitigation measure. AE-1 All new multifamily and non-residential development shall be required to prevent light spill beyond the property of origin, by ensuring that outdoor illumination levels do not exceed zero foot-candles at the property line. Air Quality (Section 4.3) Regional growth forecasts that support the regional AQMP currently Refer to LU-1 regarding resolution of inconsistency with regional growth forecasts. Significant and unavoidable relative anticipate less growth in Chino Hills than the level of build-out Conservation Element policies support regional air quality management plan strategies to to total potential levels of criteria air accommodated by the General Plan Update. This inconsistency will be reduce air pollution from stationary and mobile sources. Additional mitigation measures are pollutants generated by construction resolved in next update of regional forecasts (see Mitigation Measures LU-1 proposed to further reduce potential air quality impacts, as listed below. activities and by long-term land use and AQ-1). operations and vehicular traffic AQ-1 Additional Conservation Element Measures to Reduce Construction Emissions. Total levels of criteria air pollutants generated by construction activities and throughout the City, and associated The following Goal and accompanying Policies and Actions will be added to the cumulative impacts. by long-term land use operations and vehicular traffic throughout the City General Plan Update Conservation Element. could exceed the SCAQMD-recommended daily thresholds. This could result in cumulatively considerable impacts associated with regional Policy CN-6.3: Reduce air pollution emissions from construction activities. emissions burdens. Action CN-6.3.1: Require preparation of air quality analyses of construction- related air quality impacts using the latest available air emissions model or other Stationary and mobile source emissions resulting from long-term analytical method determined in conjunction with SCAQMD for all projects implementation of the General Plan Update would result in less than subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). If such analyses significant concentrations of air pollutants, would not expose sensitive identify potentially significant regional or local air quality impacts, require the receptors to significant air pollution sources, and would not result in incorporation of appropriate mitigation to reduce such impacts. significant odor problems. Action CN-6.3.2: Encourage large construction projects to mitigate diesel

Executive Summary page ES-7 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation exhaust emissions through the use of alternative fuels and emission control devices. Action CN-6.3.3: Require dust abatement actions for all new construction and redevelopment projects. AQ-2 Additional Conservation Element Policies and Actions for Operational Emissions. The following policy and action are added to the General Plan Update Conservation Element. Policy CN-6.4: Reduce air pollution emissions from new development. Action CN-6.4.1: Require preparation of air quality analyses that analyze operational air quality impacts using the latest available air emissions model or other analytical method determined in conjunction with SCAQMD for all projects subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). If such analyses identify potentially significant regional or local air quality impacts, then require the incorporation of appropriate mitigation to reduce such impacts. Biological Resources (Section 4.4) Unrestricted new development within undeveloped areas containing Proposed Land Use and Conservation Element policies discourage encroachment into Less than significant. sensitive plants and wildlife habitat, wetlands, and/or streams could sensitive plants and wildlife habitat and into wetlands and streams, and would protect and eliminate habitat that supports rare, threatened or endangered species, conserve habitat for wildlife movement. Continued implementation of the City’s local CEQA could destroy ecologically valuable biotic resources dependent on a water- procedures will assure that project-level impacts to biological resources are properly rich environment and could significantly disrupt wildlife movement assessed, and that measures to mitigate potentially significant impact are imposed. No pathways. conflicts with any adopted conservation plans would occur. There are no habitat conservation plans in the City; therefore, there would No significant impacts to biological resources have been identified; therefore, no mitigation be no impact involving a conflict with such a plan. measures are proposed or required. Cultural Resources (Section 4.5) Without proper investigations and assessment during project planning, Proposed Conservation Element policies and actions, plus continued implementation of the Less than significant. development of previously undeveloped land could potentially disturb and City’s CEQA procedures would ensure that future development projects investigate and damage or destroy cultural artifacts or fossil remains that could potentially identify potential resources not previously known, and implement measures to avoid, provide information of scientific importance to the understanding of our protect, or salvage any significant resources, for example, through monitoring of prehistoric and historic eras. construction by professional archaeologists and paleontologists. No adverse impacts to cultural or paleontological resources have been identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are proposed or required.

Executive Summary page ES-8 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation Geology and Soils (Section 4.6) A variety of seismic hazards and unstable ground conditions occur None required. The City’s existing building code regulations and the provisions of the Less than significant. throughout the City. These are development constraints which must be Geologic Hazard Overlay District provide sufficient standards to ensure proper site addressed when a development project is proposed on land affected by investigation is conducted to fully characterize geologic and soils constraints, and that such hazards. appropriate measures to mitigate such constraints are incorporated into development plans. Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change (Section 4.7) Growth anticipated in the General Plan Update would result in increased Provisions of the General Plan Update Conservation Element support and encourage Less than significant. emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that contribute to adverse effects increased application of building energy efficiency measures, use of renewable energy of climate change. This would occur as a result of land use activities that sources, trip reduction strategies such as more compact, transit friendly, and mixed use consume energy and generate vehicular traffic, which generate GHGs development, solid waste reduction, reuse and recycling, and participation in countywide directly and indirectly through combustion of petroleum-based fuels used to GHG reduction programs. No significant GHG-related impacts have been identified and no power automobiles, construction machinery, electricity-generating power mitigation measures are required. plants, etc. GHGs are also generated by decomposition of solid wastes at landfills, and additional development in the City would generate solid wastes that are disposed of at landfills. Estimated levels of GHGs that could be generated at build-out of the General Plan Update would not exceed thresholds identified in the draft San Bernardino County Regional Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan; therefore, impacts would be less than significant. Hazards and Hazardous Materials (Section 4.8) Existing hazardous materials sites where there is some potential for an Development cannot occur at the Aerojet property until site remediation is completed. The Less than significant. accidental release of harmful chemicals within the Planning Area include City will monitor this to assure site is suitable for future development, through the mitigation potential soil and water contamination associated with the past operations measure below. on the Aerojet property, the existing chlorination storage center, existing HAZ-1 The City shall continue to keep contact with the Aerojet property owners and gas transmission lines and existing oil and natural gas fields. No changes to California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) to ensure that no the existing chlorination center, existing gas lines and existing oil and development occurs on the property without the property owner demonstrating to natural gas fields are currently proposed. The General Plan Update does the satisfaction of the City and DTSC that the area to be developed is sufficiently not identify any additional areas for storage of water treatment products, cleared of hazards. new gas transmission lines or new oil and natural gas fields. However, because the Aerojet Project Area could become a new development site in The proposed Land Use Element discourages and heavily restricts any new development in the foreseeable future, a potential for an accidental release of harmful wildland fire hazard areas. Any projects proposed in those areas would be subject to chemicals during site cleanup and future development remains of concern. rigorous building and design and site design measures to provide barriers and protections to reduce potential impacts in the event of wildland fires. No mitigation measures are Regular transport, storage, use, and disposal of substantial hazardous required. materials and wastes is limited to the City’s industrial and business park areas, not near homes, schools or other sensitive land uses. SR 71 is the Land located within the Chino Airport Safety Zones is designated in the General Plan only designated truck route in the City. City prohibits truck traffic that could Update mainly for open space uses, and there is no conflict with the Chino Airport Land carry loads of hazardous materials along the City’s street network. Potential Use Plan. No significant impacts have been identified and no mitigation measures are

Executive Summary page ES-9 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation impacts associated with hazardous material transport, usage and disposal, required for air traffic hazards. therefore, are less than significant. Wildland fire hazards occur in the City’s steep hillsides and brush-covered areas, which represent a significant risk for any new development in those areas. Portions of Chino Airport Safety Zones occur in the City, and the Airport Land Use Plan establishes strict limitations on potential land uses and intensities to minimize potential hazards associated with air traffic. Big League Dreams Sports Park and a multi-family residential development also occur in those safety zones, and these are developed in compliance with the Airport Land Use Plan. Hydrology and Water Quality (Section 4.9) New development activities, particularly on undeveloped land, could Potential water impacts would be sufficiently mitigated through compliance with existing Less than significant. potentially result in adverse impacts to water quality, through alteration of federal and state regulations and implementation of the City’s local water quality existing drainage conditions, and through generation of water pollutants management procedures and standards. Proposed General Plan Update provisions from construction sites and developed sites. New construction would also discourage development in or near natural streams and water bodies to minimize water increase impervious surfaces which would generate higher amounts of quality impacts from urban runoff, promote protection of water resources and require runoff that could adversely affect the City’s storm drainage network and/or upgrades to the City’s municipal storm drainage network to address existing deficiencies potentially induce flooding on or off-site. and to handle runoff from new development. No mitigation measures are required with The Boys Republic site is on the edge of the Chino Groundwater Basin and respect to water quality, drainage, and flooding impacts. Potential impacts to groundwater thus occurs in a small portion of this major regional water supply resource. resources within the Boys Republic site would be avoided through Mitigation Measure If there is a major change in this land use that includes extensive HWQ-1, listed below: impervious surface coverage or discharge of water pollutants onto the land, HWQ-1 At such time as a new development proposal is submitted for the Boys Republic there could be significant impacts to local groundwater resources. campus and adjacent undeveloped land, an assessment of potential impacts to groundwater resources shall be conducted, including consideration of potential new groundwater production to meet community or project needs. HWQ-2 All local or private project drainage facilities to be constructed shall be evaluated on an individual basis by the City Engineering Department. The Department shall also determine the amount of responsibility for costs of improvements by the developers for local or private project facilities on private property based upon the impacts on drainage created by the development. Noise (Section 4.10) Construction activities would generate a range of noise levels, and Construction impacts would be sufficiently mitigated through compliance with the City’s Less than significant. sometimes vibration levels that could adversely impact nearby land uses. Municipal Code regulations on the time periods in which construction is allowed. Since Future development could include circumstances where residential and there are no specific standards to regulate potentially significant vibration impacts, commercial uses are adjacent and there could be some noise problems Mitigation Measure N-1 will be implemented, as follows.

Executive Summary page ES-10 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation involving mechanical systems, truck loading areas, and possibly other N-1 The City will amend its Municipal Code to identify and enforce specific limits on the outdoor activities that could adversely affect the residential uses. ground-borne vibration level that is permitted outside of an active construction site. Future growth will increase the level of vehicular traffic along the City’s As part of this code amendment, projects proposing construction methods involving street network, and this will gradually increase roadway noise to levels that vibratory equipment shall be reviewed for the potential to generate significant could adversely impact adjacent residential or other noise-sensitive land construction vibration prior to the issuance of building permits. When a project uses. could exceed the City’s standard for vibration limits, appropriate mitigation measures shall be applied to reduce such vibration to acceptable levels. Such measures are anticipated to include restrictions on equipment and procedures, continuous monitoring at sensitive locations, and notification of neighbors. Proposed provisions of the General Plan Update Noise Element include measures to abate existing noise problems, to require noise attenuation to buffer adjacent land uses as part of new street improvements, to require analysis of noise exposure and identification of noise mitigation design measures for new residential development near major roadways, to keep truck traffic out of residential areas, to guide the siting of new land uses to avoid excessive noise exposure, and to design new projects in ways that prevent noise problems between adjacent sites with different land uses. These measures would be sufficient to reduce long- term noise impacts to less than significant and no mitigation measures are required. Population and Housing (Section 4.11) Proposed revisions to the Land Use Plan would result in an increase of Impacts would be less than significant; therefore, no mitigation measures are proposed or Less than significant. approximately 795 total residential units in the City’s build-out residential required. capacity. This would occur due to redesignation of three undeveloped sites as Mixed Use, enabling development of medium-high density residential uses along with commercial uses. This would raise the City’s total population potential, compared to the adopted General Plan by approximately 2,385 persons, to approximately 94,895. Total non- residential development capacity would decline slightly, by approximately 71,800 square feet. The updated Plan would not result in elimination of existing housing or displace any persons, and would not induce growth because of major infrastructure investments or by allowing development of land previously designated for open space and conservation. Public Services (Section 4.12) Continued growth over the next 20+ years, as envisioned in the General The following mitigation measures will be implemented to assure adequate programming, Less than significant. Plan Update, would incrementally increase needs for government facilities, funding and staffing of additional fire stations and to appropriate funding for additional including: Fire protection; Police protection; Schools; Parks; and possibly police department deputies, when needed. other public facilities. Chino Valley Independent Fire District’s 2012 Master PS-1 The City shall coordinate with the Chino Valley Independent Fire District (CVIFD) Plan identifies future needs for two additional fire stations to provide desired during the development review process for properties in the vicinity of the stations levels of service as the City reaches build-out. Those sites have not been proposed at Woodview Avenue and Pipeline, Eucalyptus west of Chino Hills selected or acquired, and the stations would be designed at the time of site Parkway, and possibly Grand Avenue. If CVIFD demonstrates through the project

Executive Summary page ES-11 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation selection/acquisition. Environmental impacts resulting from construction of planning and environmental review process that a fire station site is needed, City future fires stations would be addressed through the CEQA process at the staff shall work with CVIFD and the project developer to identify and secure an time the station sites have been selected and a fire station design has been appropriate site. prepared. The General Plan Update would not change the site selection or PS-2 The City shall work with Chino Valley Independent Fire District (CVIFD) to evaluate design requirements, thus it would not affect the eventual environmental future facility needs and identify potential funding sources for identified facilities impacts of future stations. Based on the City’s current service standards, and personnel. This information shall be incorporated as deemed appropriate by another 10 deputies would need to be added to the City’s police department the City into future City contracts with CVIFD, the City capital improvement as the City nears build-out. This would not require new stations or other program process, development impact fees, conditions of approval and project facilities. Growth related to the General Plan Update is expected to increase development agreements. the number of residential units in the City by 795 over a period of 20 years. CVUSD has been experiencing declining enrollment of approximately 500 PS-3 As part of the annual City budget process, the City shall work with the City of Chino students per year for the past few years. This trend is expected to continue Hills Police Department to assess and accommodate Department personnel and for a few more years. At this time, with plenty of enrollment capacity, no vehicle needs as the City determines are necessary. future school facility needs or significant environmental impacts involving construction of new/expanded schools are anticipated. The General Plan Update would accommodate continued population growth of roughly 2,400 more persons, compared to the existing General Plan population capacity. This would occur incrementally and would increase demands for public parks. The City’s 2007 Parks, Recreation and Open Space Master Plan is considered to be sufficient to address additional growth in the City and no new environmental impacts associated with building additional parks would occur. The City’s existing Civic Center, completed in 2008, was designed and sized to respond to existing and future community service needs, as the City continues to grow toward build- out. Additions to the Civic Center or construction of other public facilities are not anticipated due to the General Plan Update. Recreation (Section 4.13) The General Plan Update allocates land for residential uses in the same Since impacts on recreation resources would be less than significant, no mitigation Less than significant. areas and in a similar range of density categories as the adopted General measures are proposed or required. Plan, while increasing the potential number of housing units at build-out by 795 by designating additional sites for medium-high density residential. This would not require amendments to the City’s existing Parks, Recreation and Open Space Plan, which addresses existing and future recreation space needs, with added population growth over the next 20 years. This growth would have a less than significant impact on the physical conditions of existing parks and no new parks are proposed as part of the General Plan Update.

Executive Summary page ES-12 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation Transportation/Traffic (Section 4.14) Growth in residential and non-residential areas over the next 20+ years, as Potential traffic impacts related to system performance would be partially or fully mitigated Significant and unavoidable level of envisioned in the General Plan Update, together with ambient growth through the Roadway Plan and Circulation Element policies identified in the proposed service impacts at Chino Hills occurring outside of the City, would result in increased daily and peak hour General Plan Update plus the mitigation measures listed below. Parkway/Peyton Drive, for Year 2027 traffic volumes throughout the City’s local street network and on the regional Mitigation Measures for Year 2027 Traffic Impacts: and Year 2037 forecasts. Congestion Management Plan Network. Without additional intersection capacity, the City’s level of service standards for peak hour conditions could TR-1 Improvements to Soquel Canyon Parkway at Butterfield Ranch Road. Modify be exceeded at 11 intersections at projected Year 2027 conditions, and 10 signal phasing to include a split phase for the northwest/southeast left-turn intersections in projected Year 2037 conditions. Traffic volumes could also movements. This would require changing four of the signal heads from three- exceed the CMP performance standard at all five CMP intersections in section protected type to four-section heads. projected 2027 and 2037 conditions. CMP links would be more congested TR-2 Improvements to Soquel Canyon Parkway at Pomona Rincon Road. The major in the near term and long-term, and the City will continue to monitor and sources of traffic delay at this location are experienced by westbound left turns report those link conditions in accordance with the provisions of the San from Pomona Rincon Road onto Soquel Canyon Parkway, and by northbound Bernardino County Congestion Management Plan. through traffic on Soquel Canyon Parkway, toward SR-71. Thus, the proposed The General Plan Update would have less than significant impacts involving improvements at this location are aimed at reducing delays and improving peak- roadway design features and emergency access, no impact involving air hour traffic flow for these two vehicular movements, as well as the westbound right- traffic, and a beneficial effect involving alternative modes of travel such as turn lane which is expected to see a significant increase in traffic with the future bus/transit service, bicycle routes and pedestrian paths. development of the nearby Heritage Professional Center. The proposed mitigations are as follows: 1. Remove the existing striped median on Pomona Rincon Road near the intersection and re-stripe the full roadway width to include the addition of one receiving lane on Pomona Rincon Road. 2. Reconfigure the westbound approach lanes on Pomona Rincon Road (currently striped as left, shared left-right, right) to provide for dual left turns and a single dedicated right-turn lane. This will reduce a significant amount of traffic delays currently experienced on Pomona Rincon Road turning left (southbound) onto Soquel Canyon Parkway. 3. Install raised right-turn “pork chop” islands at the northeast corners of the intersection, and re-configure the northbound and westbound right-turn lanes to be protected by the median islands to allow for unrestricted rights from Pomona Rincon Road onto Soquel Canyon Parkway and vice versa. This feature will achieve several benefits, including i) reducing northbound right-turn delays from Soquel Canyon Parkway toward the high school; ii) allowing for the #2 northbound lane to be re-striped and re-designated from shared through-right to through-only, improving northbound delays and capacity; and iii) reducing westbound delays from Pomona Rincon Road onto Soquel Canyon Parkway. In conjunction with the installation/ construction of the pork chop islands, adjacent

Executive Summary page ES-13 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation acceleration lanes should be designed to allow for safe merging and weaving movements; in particular, eastbound in advance of the nearby freeway ramp, and southbound on Pomona Rincon Road as the travelway narrows to two lanes. The improvements will also require moderate signal and loop detector modification, as well as reconfiguration/ relocation of pedestrian crosswalks and signals to utilize the pork chop islands as safety refuge areas. TR-3 Improvements to Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Avenue. Modify signal phasing to include a split phase for the eastbound/ westbound left-turn movements. This would require changing four of the signal heads from three-section protected type to four-section heads. By changing the existing signal phasing at this intersection, critical peak hour delays will be reduced by 91 seconds per vehicle, and overall operations will improve from LOS F to an acceptable LOS D, and significant impacts will be eliminated. TR-4 Traffic signal timing plan modification for Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive. Optimize cycle lengths and splits to address changes in traffic volumes and patterns due to ambient growth and future, cumulative citywide development. Signal timing optimization and green interval adjustments are anticipated to improve reduce overall traffic delays by an average of 17 seconds per vehicle. Although not fully mitigated, the proposed signal re-timing and optimization adjustments would reduce vehicle delays to about 50% of the required amount to reach a less-than-significant impact (8 seconds per vehicle in the AM, 12 seconds per vehicle in the PM). This mitigation measure was determined to be the most feasible given the built-out environment of the intersection and the anticipated geometric conditions following the completion of the City's Peyton Drive Widening Project. TR-5 Modify signal phasing for Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon Road. This would include a northbound right-turn protected overlap for vehicles on Carbon Canyon Road to turn east concurrently with westbound left-turning vehicles on Chino Hills Parkway. Currently, the northbound right-turn movement is on permissive phase signal timing, with right turns on red (RTOR) allowed. The proposed modifications would require changing the side-mounted vehicle head on the northeast quadrant from three-section to five-section, along with the other modifications such as appropriate signal retiming, re-wiring, and No U Turn signage. By modifying the existing northbound right-turn signal phasing at this intersection as described above, peak hour delays will be reduced by an average of 36 seconds per vehicle and significant impacts during the critical PM peak hour will be eliminated.

Executive Summary page ES-14 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation TR-6 Improvements for Chino Hills Parkway at Ramona Avenue - Add exclusive eastbound left-turn lane - Reconfigure eastbound approach from (left-through-through-shared through/right) to (left-left-through-through-shared through/right) - Add exclusive northbound right-turn lane - Reconfigure northbound approach from (left-through-shared through/right) to (left-through-through-right) Reconfigure westbound approach from (left-through-through-right) to (left- through-through-shared through/right) - Reconfigure downstream lanes in the westbound direction from two to three travel lanes - Install a protected+overlap signal phase for the southbound right-turn lane - Conduct traffic signal re-timing to optimize intersection splits and peak hour cycle length for Future Year 2027 traffic conditions TR-7 Improvements for Chino Hills Parkway at Grand Avenue. Conduct Traffic Signal Re-Timing to optimize intersection splits and peak hour cycle length for Future Year 2027 traffic conditions. As shown in the technical appendices, this improvement signifies that there is timing plan suitable for each of the AM and PM peak hour periods which allows the intersection to operate at LOS D, with acceptable delays and under the LOS E threshold for CMP intersections. TR-8 Modify signal phasing for Peyton Drive at Grand Avenue. This would include a northbound right-turn protected overlap for vehicles on Peyton Drive to turn east concurrently with the westbound left-turn phase on Grand Avenue. Westbound U-turns would be maintained, with the exception of westbound truck U-turns which would be prohibited, as the eastbound roadway width is sufficient and would not introduce conflict with the northbound right-turn movement. Currently, the northbound right-turn movement is on permissive phase signal timing, with right- turn on red allowed. The proposed modifications would require changing one vehicle head on the northeast quadrant from three- to five-section type. Additional modifications such as signal retiming and re-wiring would also be required. By modifying the existing northbound right-turn signal phasing at this intersection, peak hour delays will be reduced by an average of 32 seconds per vehicle and significant impacts will be eliminated. TR-9 Improvements for Peyton Drive at Eucalyptus Avenue. As part of the City’s ongoing construction work for Phase 3 of the Peyton Widening project, the existing overhead utilities on the south side of Eucalyptus Avenue near this intersection will be relocated off of the existing shoulder. In order to improve the intersection’s capacity, it is recommended that Eucalyptus Avenue be completed as two-lane

Executive Summary page ES-15 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation collector and widened to four lanes to the east and west of Peyton Drive. The following modification of eastbound and westbound approaches on Eucalyptus Avenue are then recommended: - Reconfigure eastbound approach lanes from L-TR to L-T-TR - Reconfigure westbound approach lanes from L-TR-R to L-T-TR. These improvements are recommended to mitigate the impacts of regional traffic on the City of Chino Hills intersection and primarily are not required as a result of City of Chino Hills build-out. TR-10 Improvements for Pipeline Avenue at Woodview Road. Install a painted “pork chop” median allowing for 1) a deceleration lane for northbound vehicles turning left from northbound Pipeline Avenue onto westbound Woodview Road, and 2) an acceleration lane for eastbound vehicle turning left from Woodview Road to merge with northbound through traffic on Pipeline Avenue. This treatment would be installed with appropriate taper lengths within an appropriate distance from the intersection, and would not require reconfiguring any through lanes on other sections of Pipeline Avenue. The paved roadway width on Pipeline Avenue is 40 feet wide, and could sufficiently provide for two 15-foot through lanes and a 10-foot center lane for the improvements in the vicinity of Woodview Road. Depending on the timing, the extension of Soquel Canyon Park Parkway may alleviate the need for this improvement. Mitigation Measures for Year 2037 Traffic Impacts All of the measures listed for Year 2027 Impacts, plus the following: TR-11 Improvements to Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon Road. A significant number of additional trips are expected to originate on Carbon Canyon and turn right (east) onto Chino Hills Parkway during both AM and PM peak hours under future build-out conditions. As a measure to relieve the impacts generated by this traffic, it is recommended that a large-radius, channelized right-turn lane be constructed on the Carbon Canyon Road approach of the intersection. The channelized lane would allow for free right-turn movements to occur independently from the traffic signal operation, and would reduce delays by about 1 minute per vehicle, on average, during the worst AM and PM peak hours of the day. The shared through/right-turn lane on Carbon Canyon Road would be rededicated as a through/left-turn lane and require some additional modification to the loops and/or traffic signal controller. TR-12 Improvements to Peyton Drive at Grand Avenue. Construct a right-turn “pork chop” island at the southeast corner and install a free right-turn lane for north-

Executive Summary page ES-16 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation bound traffic on Peyton Drive turning east onto Grand Avenue. This improvement will allow northbound right movements to continue throughout the full cycle and utilize the dedicated turn lane beyond the currently programmed northbound through and overlap phases. These improvements are recommended to mitigate the impacts of regional traffic on the City of Chino Hills intersection and primarily are not required as a result of City of Chino Hills build-out. TR-13 Improvements at Chino Hills Parkway at Ramona Avenue 1. Add exclusive westbound left-turn lane; 2. Widen the roadway curb line on the northeast corner of the intersection – adjacent to the vacant lot – and construct an exclusive westbound right-turn lane. This improvement would require some right of way acquisition as well as additional cost to relocate three existing utility poles in the existing sidewalk on the north side of Chino Hills Parkway east of Ramona Parkway; 3. Replace double-double striped median with single-double yellow centerline and reconfigure the east leg to include the abovementioned include dual left-turn lanes, exclusive right-turn lane, as well as 10-foot through lanes in both directions, and maintain the existing 4-5' bike lane into the neighboring City of Chino; and 4. Conduct Traffic Signal Re-Timing to optimize intersection splits and peak hour cycle length TR-14 Improvements at Chino Hills Parkway at Grand Avenue. Provide for a dual left- turn pocket in the southeast direction on Chino Hills Parkway to match the opposing northwest left-turn configuration on Chino Hills Parkway. This would require moderate construction costs for signal modification, pavement markings, lane reconfiguration and cut/removal and reconstruction of the raised median north of Grand Avenue to provide sufficient lateral width for the second turn lane. TR-15 Extend Soquel Canyon Parkway to Peyton Drive. The intersection of Pipeline Avenue at Woodview Road is expected to experience a significant level of traffic delays under build-out conditions without the implementation of major intersection improvements. This particular location is unique in that Pipeline Avenue serves as the only north/south street in the area which provides access between the southwest (Carbon Canyon) portion of the City and southeast area (Los Serranos neighborhood). Thus, the 9,000 vehicles per day traveling through on Pipeline Avenue is likely to increase without expanding the existing infrastructure. Woodview Road similarly functions as a connecting route from Pipeline Avenue to Peyton Drive and Carbon Canyon Road.

Executive Summary page ES-17 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation To relieve traffic congestion passing through Pipeline Avenue, and to mitigate traffic delays at the Woodview Road intersection, the City will actively pursue the extension of Soquel Canyon Parkway from its existing westerly terminus to Peyton Drive, consistent with the General Plan Circulation Roadway Plan. This would allow motorists to use Peyton Drive as an alternate route to Pipeline Avenue, between Soquel Canyon Parkway and Carbon Canyon Road. Utilities and Service Systems (Section 4.15) Continued growth toward build-out of the General Plan Update would No significant impacts involving utilities have been identified; therefore, no mitigation Less than significant. incrementally increase daily water demands and wastewater flows. Water measures are proposed or required. demand is projected to increase by about 18% over the next 20 years, and total wastewater discharges are projected to increase by about 18% in this same time period. This would not change wastewater treatment requirements at the IEAU treatment plant facilities, and would not affect water treatment facilities from any of the City’s water sources. Expansions to the water and wastewater infrastructure systems would occur when and where needed, through existing master planning programs administered by IEAU and the City. IEAU wastewater treatment facilities have been designed and planned for adding capacity, over time, to respond to increased wastewater generation throughout its service area, including the City. No new water supply entitlements would be needed to meet the City’s water demands. Construction of new/upgraded pipelines, pumps and appurtenant facilities typically occur in the streets and have less than significant construction phase impacts. Larger-scale improvements would be reviewed under CEQA to address more significant environmental impacts. Additional residential and non-residential development projects would increase the amount of urban runoff flowing into the City’s storm drainage network, which may require periodic upgrading to handle increased storm flows. Continued implementation of the City’s Storm Drain Master Plan, along with new development project review procedures, will ensure that the City’s drainage system provides adequate capacity for street runoff. Volumes of solid waste generation are projected to increase by about 24.5% over the next 20 years. Multiple landfills will be available to dispose of the City’s wastes that are not recycled or reused. The City will continue to implement its successful Source Reduction and Recycling Program, which achieves annual diversions from landfills in excess of 60%. Solid waste impacts would be less than significant.

Executive Summary page ES-18 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Status After Mitigation Energy Conservation (Section 6.4) Continued growth as envisioned in the General Plan Update would increase The City supports enhanced building energy efficiency, regional trip reduction strategies, Less than significant. energy consumption from all stationary and mobile sources. Existing types and expanded use of non-renewable energy sources through its Building Code and the and patterns of residential, non-residential, and transportation-related policies of the updated Land Use and Conservation Elements. No significant energy-related energy usage are not expected to change. Energy sources for buildings and impacts have been identified; therefore, no mitigation measures are proposed or required. major infrastructure, and fuel sources for transportation are expected to remain similar to current sources, with similar problems involving generation of air pollutants and greenhouse gases mainly from fossil fuel combustion processes. Wasteful and inefficient energy practices have not been identified and are not expected.

Executive Summary page ES-19

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 1. Introduction

This Program Environmental Impact Report (EIR) 3. Prevent significant, avoidable damage to examines the potential effects of the proposed the environment from the proposed General Plan Update for the City of Chino Hills project by requiring changes in the (City). The General Plan Update would update and project through the use of alternatives or supersede the City’s current General Plan, which mitigation measures when the govern- was adopted in 1994 and subsequently amended. mental agency finds that the project Referred to within this document as the proposed changes are feasible. “Project,” the General Plan Update plans for the 4. Disclose to the public the reasons why a City’s continued growth and development during governmental agency approved the the next 20+ years. project if significant environmental effects are involved.

1.1 Purpose CEQA is implemented through a series of regulations known as the “CEQA Guidelines.” The General Plan Update requires the review and These guidelines specify the scope, content, and recommendation for adoption by the City of process for preparing, reviewing, and approving Chino Hills Planning Commission and the an EIR. Lead Agencies, such as the City of Chino discretionary approval of the City Council. Hills, also adopt local procedures to implement Adoption and implementation of the proposed CEQA. The City’s local CEQA procedures General Plan Update is considered a “project” incorporate all of the provisions of the CEQA pursuant to §21065 of the California Public Guidelines. Resources Code, commonly known as the California Environmental Quality Act (or CEQA). A Pursuant to §15168 of the CEQA Guidelines, an “project,” pursuant to CEQA, is an activity that EIR for a General Plan may be Program EIR. A may cause either a direct physical change in the Program EIR is prepared on a series of related environment, or a reasonably foreseeable indirect actions that can be characterized as one large physical change in the environment. project. Advantages of a Program EIR include the following: CEQA’s basic purposes are to: 1. Provide an occasion for a more exhaustive 1. Inform governmental decision makers and consideration of effects and alternatives the public about the potential, significant than would be practical in an EIR on an environmental effects of the proposed individual action. project. 2. Ensure consideration of cumulative 2. Identify ways that environmental damage impacts that might be slighted in a case- from the proposed project can be avoided by-case analysis. or significantly reduced,

Chapter 1. Introduction Section 1.1 – Purpose page 1-1 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

3. Avoid duplicative reconsideration of basic • Transfer residential density between sites by policy considerations. moving unused density from existing institutional sites and from the Founders High 4. Allow the Lead Agency to consider broad Density Residential site to sites suitable for policy alternatives and program-wide Mixed Use and Agriculture/Ranches mitigation measures at an early time designations; when the agency has greater flexibility to deal with basic problems or cumulative • Convert Planned Development zoning impacts. designations to traditional zoning consistent with existing or planned land uses and with 5. Allow reduction in paperwork. Measure U;

• Permit residential clustering in 1.2 Scope of the EIR Agriculture/Ranches and Rural Residential sites to protect environmental and visual The General Plan Update builds extensively on the resources through the Site Plan Review original General Plan that was adopted in 1994 process; and amended several times thereafter. It contains • Correct land use designations for sites that revisions to the Land Use Element, the Circulation have developed or are expected to develop at Element, the Conservation Element, the Noise uses or densities that differ from their Element, the Safety Element, and an optional existing General Plan land use designation; Economic Development Element. The Housing and Element was recently updated and certified by the State of California Department of Housing and • Correct mapping errors. Community Development (HCD) in December The General Plan Update project also includes 2013 in compliance with state and regional updates to the City of Chino Hills Zoning Map to mandates, and the Parks, Recreation, and Open ensure consistency with the proposed General Space Element was amended in June 2008, and no Plan Land Use Map relative to land use updates to those elements are required at this designations and locations of land uses. time. This EIR evaluates the potential Consistent with the existing Zoning Map, the environmental consequences resulting from proposed Zoning Map disaggregates Commercial implementation of the proposed changes to these uses into General Commercial, Freeway six elements and associated changes to the City Commercial, Neighborhood Commercial, and of Chino Hills Zoning Map to maintain consistency Office Commercial categories; and Business Park with the General Plan Update. into Business Park and Light Industrial categories.

As discussed in Section 4.1.3, Project This EIR discloses all identified significant Components Relevant to Land Use and Planning environmental impacts associated with approval of this EIR, primary land use mapping and policy and implementation of the General Plan Update; changes of the General Plan Update include: including impacts that cannot be avoided; • Clarify open space designations; growth-inducing impacts; effects not found to be significant; and significant cumulative impacts of • Designate sites suitable for Very High Density all past, present, and reasonably anticipated Residential development to satisfy the City’s future projects. Because the proposed General Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) Plan Update encompasses all aspects of the City’s requirement; future development, the scope of this EIR • Create a new Mixed Use land use designation; encompasses all environmental issues delineated in Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. The issues

Section 1.2 – Scope of the EIR Chapter 1. Introduction page 1-2 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

discussed in this EIR, which are outlined in the existing conditions. Future traffic conditions are project Notice of Preparation and Initial Study evaluated for a 15-year forecast period thru Year (contained in Appendix A of this document), 2027 and for a 25-year forecast through year include the following. 2037. The 25 year forecast is considered to be the General Plan build-out horizon. 1. Aesthetics 2. Air Quality 3. Biological Resources 1.2.2 Plan Comparison 4. Cultural Resources This EIR evaluates the potential impacts of the 5. Geology and Soils proposed General Plan Update land use changes 6. Hazards and Hazardous Materials and associated growth potential compared to the 7. Hydrology and Water Quality existing setting/baseline conditions, as described 8. Land Use and Planning above. In Chapter 4, Environmental Setting, 9. Noise Impacts, and Mitigation Measures of this EIR the 10. Population and Housing existing General Plan growth potential is also 11. Public Services discussed to provide additional information to the 12. Recreation reader of the differences or changes between the 13. Transportation/Traffic City’s existing General Plan and the proposed 14. Utilities and Service Systems General Plan Update. Please note that the determination of significance of the various 1.2.1 Environmental Setting/Definition of environmental impacts presented in this the Baseline document is a comparison of the baseline (existing conditions) to the projected conditions CEQA Guidelines §15125 requires that an EIR associated with build-out of the General Plan include a description of the existing physical Update, not a comparison of the existing General environmental conditions in the vicinity of the Plan to the proposed General Plan Update. project to provide the “baseline condition” against which project-related impacts are compared. Normally, the baseline condition is the physical 1.3 Lead Agency condition that currently exists. The CEQA Guidelines recognize that the date for Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines §15050, the public establishing an environmental baseline cannot be agency that holds principal responsibility for rigid. Data collected in support of the General approving the project is the Lead Agency. For the Plan Update has been collected and evaluated General Plan Update, the City of Chino Hills, between 2011 and 2013, including data collected which will be responsible for approving the to characterize the existing environmental project, is the Lead Agency. As Lead Agency, the conditions. For analytical purposes, impacts City is responsible for the preparation, review, associated with implementation of the General and approval of this EIR. Plan Update are derived from the supporting technical studies and more contemporary information as it has become available. For each 1.4 Intended Uses of the EIR impact discussion presented in this EIR, the source of baseline information is identified. This EIR will carry out the basic purposes of CEQA, as delineated in Section 1.1, Purpose The City of Chino Hills Traffic Model, which above, which include informing the City Planning provides the technical basis for the traffic, air Commission, the City Council, and the public quality, greenhouse gases, and noise sections of about the potential significant environmental this EIR, applies a base year of 2012 to assess

Chapter 1. Introduction Section 1.3 – Lead Agency page 1-3 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

effects of the proposed project; to identify, • City of Chino Hills Public Library, 14020 City evaluate, and propose mitigation measures and Center Drive, Chino Hills, CA 91709 alternatives to reduce project impacts, if required, • City of Chino Hills website, for significant environmental impacts that may be http://www.chinohills.org/ associated with the adoption of the project. Interested parties may provide comments on the This EIR also seeks to solicit comments from EIR in written form. Comments should be public agencies, other organizations, and the addressed to: public at large. It is intended for use as an informational document, and neither makes any Jerrod Walters, Senior Planner recommendations regarding the project, nor City of Chino Hills authorizes any implementing actions by the City. 14000 City Center Drive Rather, the EIR is oriented toward providing Chino Hills, CA 91709. decision makers, their staffs, other involved Responses to all written comments or questions public agencies, interested organizations, and the on the DEIR that are received during the 45-day general public with an objective and impartial review period will be included and responded to assessment of the potential environmental in the Final Environmental Impact Report (FEIR). impacts that could result from implementation of The Planning Commission and the City Council the project. will review and consider the FEIR, including comments and their responses, before arriving at a decision to certify the FEIR and whether to

1.5 EIR Process approve, revise, or reject the proposed project. In accordance with CEQA Guidelines §15082, the City distributed a Notice of Preparation (NOP) in 1.6 Mitigation Monitoring Program May 2013, advising others that an EIR would be prepared and listing the issues to be studied. The Pursuant to California Public Resources Code purpose of the NOP was to solicit comments on §21081.6, public agencies are required to the scope and content of the EIR. A copy of the establish monitoring programs to ensure that NOP and the accompanying Initial Study is found project mitigation measures are adopted and in Appendix A of this document. Those receiving implemented. A Mitigation Monitoring Program copies of the NOP had 30 days to respond. (MMP), using the mitigation measures set forth in Written comments received in response to the this document, will be included with the Final EIR NOP are included in Appendix B of this document. and proposed for adoption at the time of This Draft EIR (DEIR) will be circulated for a 45- certification. day public review period, as mandated by law. The 45-day public review period will begin on or about July 23, 2014 and end on or about 1.7 Document Organization September 9, 2014. The EIR is organized into the following sections. During the 45-day public review period, this DEIR • Executive Summary. This section contains a will be available for general public review at the summary of the proposed project, as well as a following locations: summary of environmental impacts, proposed • Community Development Department, City of mitigation, level of significance after Chino Hills, 14000 City Center Drive, Chino mitigation, and unavoidable impacts. Hills, CA 91709

Section 1.5 – EIR Process Chapter 1. Introduction page 1-4 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

• Chapter 1: Introduction. This section thresholds, environmental impacts (short- describes the purpose and scope of the EIR, term, long-term, and cumulative), policy identifies the lead agency and the intended considerations related to the particular use of the EIR, and summarizes the EIR environmental issue area under analysis, process and the organization of the EIR mitigation measures capable of avoiding or document. minimizing environmental harm, and a determination of the level of significance after • Chapter 2: Project Description. This section General Plan policies and mitigation measures provides a detailed description of the are applied. proposed General Plan Update, including a description of the project location, back- • Chapter 5: Alternatives. This section ground, project components, General Plan compares the environmental impacts of the Update goals, General Plan Update Land Use proposed General Plan Update with a No Plan and Circulation Plan, Zoning Map update, Project Alternative, which would be the and public actions and approvals required. continuation of the City’s existing General Plan. No other feasible alternatives were • Chapter 3: Existing Setting. This section identified. provides an overview of the existing setting of the Planning Area, including a description of • Chapter 6: Other CEQA Considerations. This the existing General Plan, existing land uses, section addresses growth-inducing impacts, existing circulation system, existing effects found not to be significant, significant infrastructure, existing geologic conditions, and unavoidable adverse impacts, and energy existing biological and cultural resources, the conservation. ambient noise environment, public services, • Chapter 7: Information Sources. This section parks and recreation resources, major new provides a bibliography of all primary development projects anticipated to occur in information sources used to prepare this EIR, the next several years, and subregional and a list of the individuals responsible for demographic statistics and forecasts. the preparation of this EIR. • Chapter 4: Environmental Setting, Impacts,

and Mitigation Measures. This section describes and evaluates the environmental issue areas, applicable environmental

Chapter 1. Introduction Section 1.7 – Document Organization page 1-5

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 2. Project Description

This chapter describes the general features of the Project, including location, project background, project components, General Plan goals, General Plan Land Use Plan, and public actions and approvals required.

2.1 Project Location

The City of Chino Hills (City) is located in the Chino Valley within the County of San Bernardino. As shown in Figure 2-1 – Regional Location Map, it is uniquely located at the extreme southwestern corner of San Bernardino County, where the boundaries of four counties meet. The City is bordered by Los Angeles County on the north and west, by Orange County on the south and west, and by Riverside County on the south and east. Surrounding cities include Chino, Pomona,

Diamond Bar, Brea, Yorba Linda, and Corona. Figure 2-1 – Regional Location Map

Prior to its incorporation, the City was part of

2.2 Project Background unincorporated San Bernardino County, where expanses of flat and inexpensive land were being Chino Hills’ transition to the community it is rapidly converted to inconsistently planned today began when it was acquired as part of a residential tracts. Most of Chino Hills had been rancho by Antonio Maria Lugo in 1841. The Chino protected from this rapid development because Hills lands were used as rich grazing ground for its hilly topography had made tract subdivisions hundreds of cattle, horses, and sheep. Up too expensive. However, by the late 1970s, it was through the mid- twentieth century, cattle clear that development pressures were moving grazing remained the primary land use in the toward Chino Hills. Chino Hills area. Gradually, other land uses were introduced, including mining for petroleum, In 1979, the County of San Bernardino (County) gravel, and clay. By the late twentieth century, initiated preparation of the Chino Hills Specific communities surrounding the City began to Plan, a document that planned for the eventual rapidly urbanize. development of 18,000 acres of Chino Hills land. The Chino Hills Specific Plan was the first in the State of California to be designed for an

Chapter 2. Project Description Section 2.1 – Project Location page 2-1 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

unincorporated area. The Specific Plan called for The General Plan Update lays out a course to clustered residential development in order to address these challenges and maintain the City’s protect as much open space as possible. high quality of life. Commercial development was slated along the Specifically, the General Plan Update seeks to SR-71 corridor and major arterials. achieve the following objectives. By the late 1980s, Chino Hills’ residents were • Update the General Plan to comply with actively exploring the pros and cons of cityhood. applicable federal, state, and regional The residents ultimately decided that incorpora- policies. tion would allow them greater control over the • Update the General Plan to reflect an updated community’s future. In 1991, Chino Hills became baseline relative to land use, geology, a city. biological resources, cultural resources, vehicular traffic and infrastructure, noise, and air quality. 2.3 Statement of Objectives • Prepare a General Plan that is easy to use. • From the time of its incorporation, the City has Prepare a General Plan that responds to Chino envisioned itself as a community with a high Hills’ vision its future. quality of life. The City articulated this vision in Through the General Plan Update process, the its first General Plan, adopted in 1994. The City’s vision to maintain a high quality of life is General Plan defined a course through which the redefined into 19 Vision Statements, which City has come to manifest the following together aim to achieve the above-listed characteristics. objectives. These Vision Statements form the basis for each goal, policy, and action • High quality residential and commercial areas promulgated through the General Plan Update. in a rural setting • High level of public services 1. A Chino Hills that continues to reflect • Pleasing environment in which to live and high quality residential and commercial work areas surrounded by a rural setting. • Local shopping and employment opportunities 2. A Chino Hills that provides ample local • Ample outdoor recreation shopping, services and employment, and • Increased tax base to support City a secure tax base to support City government and the services it provides government and the services it provides. • Retention of older and unique neighborhoods 3. A Chino Hills that protects the character • Carefully managed growth and quality of the community and its • Manageable traffic levels neighborhoods. • A cohesive community identity 4. A Chino Hills that supports its commercial As the City moves toward its next 20 years, and employment centers. remaining undeveloped lands are expected to develop, and the City will approach build-out. 5. A Chino Hills that supports a sustainable This change will bring new challenges to the City. balance of land uses, open spaces, and For example, there could be fewer opportunities infrastructure. to accommodate state and regional housing objectives. Public facilities will age and require 6. A Chino Hills that plans for its state- greater maintenance. Revitalization of older mandated allocation of housing units properties and buildings could be required. under the Regional Housing Needs Assessment

Section 2.3 – Statement of Objectives Chapter 2. Project Description page 2-2 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

7. A Chino Hills that supports healthy living. Element, and Economic Development Element. The Project also includes the update of the City 8. A Chino Hills that plans for the Zoning Map to be consistent with the General Plan maintenance of its open space resources. Update Land Use Plan. 9. A Chino Hills that continues to provide ample trails, parks, sports fields, and 2.4.1 General Plan Contents community facilities for enjoyment by the Every California city must adopt a comprehensive, public. long-term general plan. The General Plan must 10. A Chino Hills that supports a wide range cover a local jurisdiction’s entire planning area of transportation systems to ensure and address the broad range of issues associated adequate and efficient access to, from, with the City’s development. The General Plan is and within the City. the City’s constitution or blueprint for its long- range physical development. California law 11. A Chino Hills that participates in regional requires every general plan to cover, at minimum, transportation planning programs. seven major issue areas: land use, circulation, 12. A Chino Hills that continues to provide a housing, conservation, open space, noise, and high level of public services. public safety. Within the City of Chino Hills General Plan, these issue areas are addressed in 13. A Chino Hills that continues to provide for the following seven chapters (referred to as adequate public utilities. elements). In addition, the City General Plan includes one optional element, which addresses 14. A Chino Hills that supports water and economic development. energy conservation. The General Plan Update covers six of the 15. A Chino Hills that supports regional water elements: Land Use Element, Circulation Element, quality mandates. Conservation Element, Safety Element, Noise 16. A Chino Hills that supports regional Element, and Economic Development Element. targets for reductions in greenhouse gas The Housing Element and the Parks, Recreation emissions. and Open Space Element are not included.

17. A Chino Hills that endeavors to minimize Schedules for Housing Element updates are risks from naturally occurring hazards. established by the California Government Code and promulgated by HCD. According to these 18. A Chino Hills that endeavors to minimize schedules, the City’s current (5th cycle) 2014- risks from human-made hazards. 2021 Housing Element was adopted in October 19. A Chino Hills that minimizes noise-land 2013 and accepted by HCD on December 10, use incompatibilities and supports the 2013. peace and serenity of its neighborhoods. The City’s current Parks, Recreation and Open Space Element was adopted on June 10, 2008. This element guides the development of future 2.4 Project Components parks and recreation facilities and programs; the preservation, acquisition, management, and use The Project consists of the General Plan Update, of open space in the City; and the planning of which would comprehensively update and trails. No changes to the Parks, Recreation and supersede six of the City’s current General Plan Open Space Element are proposed as part of the elements: Land Use Element, Circulation Element, Conservation Element, Safety Element, Noise

Chapter 2. Project Description Section 2.4 – Project Components page 2-3 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

General Plan Update; therefore, the element is not 3. Multimodal transportation network that included. provides for bicyclists, children, persons with disabilities, motorists, movers of Land Use Element commercial goods, pedestrians, users of public transportation, and seniors As required by §65302(a) of the California 4. Public infrastructure including water, Government Code, the Land Use Element will sewer and storm drainage infrastructure describe the proposed general distribution, (wet utilities); and electricity, natural gas, location, and extent of land uses within the City, and telecommunications infrastructure as well as their relationship to the all elements of (dry utilities) the General Plan. Specifically, the Land Use Element will address the following issues. Conservation Element 1. Distribution of housing, business, and As required by California Government Code industry §65302(d), the Conservation (or Resource) 2. Distribution of open space Element is a guide to the protection, use, and 3. Distribution of mineral resources and maintenance of natural resources, open spaces, provisions for their continued and cultural resources within the City. In Chino availability Hills, the Conservation Element works in concert 4. Distribution of recreation facilities and with the Parks, Recreation and Open Space opportunities Element to address the comprehensive and long- 5. Location of educational facilities range preservation and conservation of open 6. Location of public buildings and space lands, consistent with §65302(b) of the grounds California Government Code. Issues addressed in 7. Location of future solid and liquid waste the Resource Element include: facilities 8. Identification of areas subject to 1. Ridgelines flooding 2. Natural open space 9. Other categories of public and private 3. Native trees and vegetation uses of land 4. Wildlife 5. Natural waterways Circulation Element 6. Water supply 7. Wastewater As required by §65302(b) of the California 8. Minerals Government Code, the Circulation Element will 9. Agriculture describe the general location and extent of 10. Clean air/greenhouse gas emissions existing and proposed circulation systems, 11. Paleontological/archaeological including: 12. Cultural/historical resources 1. Major thoroughfares and transportation routes Noise Element 2. Multimodal transportation network that As required by §65302(c) of the California meets the needs of all users of streets, Government Code, the Noise Element will identify roads, and highways for safe and and evaluate noise problems in the community. convenient travel in a manner that is The Noise Element will recognize the guidelines suitable to the rural, suburban, or urban established by the Office of Noise Control and context of the general plan shall analyze and quantify, to the extent practicable as determined by the legislative body,

Section 2.4 – Project Components Chapter 2. Project Description page 2-4 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

current and projected noise levels for the development issues faced by the City. Primary following sources. issues addressed in this Element include:

1. Highways and freeways 1. Shopping and service opportunities 2. Primary arterials and major local streets 2. New businesses and employment 3. Railroad operations, aviation operations, creation and local industrial plants 3. Increased and diversified city revenues 4. Other ground stationary noise sources identified by local agencies as contributing to the community noise 2.5 General Plan Update Goals environment Each of the six Elements of the proposed General Plan Update identifies goals for the City’s future. Safety Element These goals are presented below according to As required by California Government Code Element. §65302(g), the Safety Element will identify and, whenever possible, reduce the impact of natural Land Use Element and man-made hazards that may threaten the health, safety, and property of the residents living Goal LU-1: Protect Chino Hills’ Natural and working in the City. The Safety Element Environment emphasizes hazard reduction and accident Goal LU-2: Balance Residential with prevention and responses for man-made hazards. Commercial, Business, and Public Land Uses In addition, the element emphasizes the importance of reducing risk, disaster prevention, Goal LU-3: Maintain the Integrity of City and preparedness. Issues addressed in the Safety Neighborhoods Element include: Goal LU-4: Provide for Excellence in Urban Design 1. Earthquakes and related ground failure hazards Goal LU-5: Plan for Sustainable Land Uses 2. Subsidence 3. Flooding, including flood hazard zones Circulation Element and dam failure inundation areas 4. Slope hazards Goal C-1: Provide a Comprehensive Vehicular 5. Release of hazardous materials Transportation Network 6. Aircraft mishap Goal C-2: Support Regional Transportation 7. Wildland and urban fires Policies that Link Chino Hills to Neighboring 8. Emergency planning (including hazard Cities and Counties identification and risk assessment, Goal C-3: Provide Safe and Adequate hazard mitigation, and emergency Pedestrian, Bicycle, and Public Transportation response and action) Systems to Provide Alternatives to Single- 9. Fire, police, and medical services Occupant Vehicular Travel and to Support Land Uses Economic Development Element Goal C-4: Encourage Development That While not required by state law, the Economic Supports Balanced Land Uses and Alternative Development Element is included in the City of Modes of Transportation That Reduce the Chino Hills General Plan to address the economic Reliance on the Automobile

Chapter 2. Project Description Section 2.5 – General Plan Update Goals page 2-5 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Goal C-5: Ensure an Adequate and Well- Noise Element Maintained Infrastructure System Goal N-1: Manage Existing Noise Sources

Conservation Element Goal N-2: Limit New Noise Conflicts Goal CN-1: Preserve Chino Hills’ Rural Economic Development Element Character Goal ED-1: Promote a Diversified Economic Goal CN-2: Protect Chino Hills’ Cultural Base Resources

Goal CN-3: Promote Sustainable Practices Goal ED-2: Support Managed Growth with That Conserve Natural Resources and Reduce Sound Fiscal Policies Greenhouse Gas Emissions Goal CN-4: Ensure Adequate Water Supply 2.6 General Plan Update Land Use and and Delivery Circulation Plans Goal CN-5: Provide for Adequate and Efficient Solid Waste Disposal While all Elements of the General Plan are equally important, the Land Use Plan (Map) of the Land Goal CN-6: Promote Clean Air to Reduce Use Element is often the core around which all the Adverse Effects on Human Health and the General Plan elements develop. In concert with Environment the Land Use Plan, the Circulation Plan provides the network of roads to support existing and Safety Element future land uses. This section provides an overview of the primary characteristics of the Goal S-1: Protect the Community from Land Use Plan and the Circulation Plan of General Geologic Hazards Plan Update. Goal S-2: Protect the Community from Flooding Hazards 2.6.1 Land Use Plan Goal S-3: Achieve Adequate Emergency The Land Use Plan of the Land Use Element of Service General Plan Update reflects graphically the Goal S-4: Minimize the Risk from Fire Hazards location and size of designated land uses. Figure 2-2 presents the proposed City of Chino Goal S-5: Minimize the Risk from Hazardous Hills General Plan Land Use Map. Boundaries of Materials the map consist of the City’s currently Goal S-6: Maintain Plans for Emergency incorporated city boundaries, and define the Response planning area addressed by the General Plan Update and this environmental document.

Section 2.6 – General Plan Update Land Use and Circulation Plans Chapter 2. Project Description page 2-6 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 2-2 – General Plan Land Use Map

Chapter 2. Project Description Section 2.6 – General Plan Update Land Use and Circulation Plans page 2-7 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

2.6.2 Permitted Land Uses state mandated Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) obligations Physical development in the City is classified 3. Addition of a Mixed Use land use according to major land use designations: designation Residential, Commercial, Open Space, 4. Correction of land use designations for Institutional/Public Facility, or Mixed Use. Each sites that have developed or are land use designation depicted in the Land Use expected to develop at uses or densities Plan is defined in Table 2-1 – General Plan Land that differ from their existing General Use Designation Descriptions in terms of Plan land use designation permissible uses and intensity of physical 5. Correction of mapping errors development. Table 2-3 compares acreages by land use 2.6.3 Land Use Intensity designation of the General Plan Update Land Use Map with that depicted by the existing General The type and amount of physical development Plan Land Use Map. As shown in the table, the that could occur in the City is governed by the Updated Land Use Map shows 990 acres fewer General Plan Land Use Map (Figure 2-2) and than the existing General Plan Land Use Map. Table 2-1 – General Plan Land Use Designation That difference is due to the exclusion of public Descriptions. and private rights of way in the Updated Land Use Map as well as the correction of mapping errors Table 2-2 – General Plan Build-Out – Land Use on the existing General Plan Land Use Map. The Designations by Acreage and Development updated Land Use Map also shows an increase of Intensity projects the development intensity of 780 residential units and a decrease of 269,000 the Land Use Plan. It estimates build-out square feet of non-residential square footage. conditions for the City, which include 7,980,692 square feet of nonresidential square building area The increase in residential units is due to the and 29,600 dwelling units. City’s share of the regional housing needs as part of the fourth and fifth cycles of the Regional As shown in Table 2-2, the various land use Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) that the designations of the updated General Plan Land Southern California Association of Governments Use Map represent a total of 26,799 acres, (SCAG) has allocated to the City.1 The decrease of exclusive of public and private streets and non-residential square feet is due to the SR- 71. Total area of the City, including redesignation of currently designated Commercial properties with Land Use Designations, streets, sites and Industrial sites to Mixed Use and/or and SR-71, is 28,736 acres (or approximately 45 Very High Density Residential. square miles).

2.6.4 Changes in General Plan Acreages The update to the General Plan Land Use Map proposes the following major changes.

1. Delineation of the existing Public Open Space designation into Public Open Space, Private Open Space, and Public Park land use designations 2. Designation of Very High Density 1 The fourth cycle RHNA covers the planning period from Residential Sites in compliance with 2006 to 2014; the fifth cycle RHNA covers the planning period from 2014 to 2021

Section 2.6 – General Plan Update Land Use and Circulation Plans Chapter 2. Project Description page 2-8 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 2-1 – General Plan Land Use Designation Descriptions Designations Definition Development Standards Residential Agriculture/Ranches The Agriculture/Ranches land use designation permits residential 0.2 du/ac maximum [a] development on very large lots, five acres in size or more. To protect Refer to Agriculture-Ranches (R-A) environmental and visual resources, clustering of development is development standards within the City of encouraged. This designation also permits agriculture as a primary use Chino Hills Municipal Code. subject to a site development permit. To protect environmental and visual resources, minimum lot size may be reduced, provided the overall density of the parcel is not increased. Rural Residential The Rural Residential land use designation permits residential development 2 du/ac maximum on large lots, with a minimum of one-half acre or larger. To protect Refer to Rural Residential (R-R) environmental and visual resources, clustering of development is development standards within the City of encouraged. Chino Hills Municipal Code. To protect environmental and visual resources, minimum lot size may be reduced, provided the overall density of the parcel is not increased. Low Density This land use designation includes areas proposed for development with 6 du/ac maximum Residential conventional single-family detached housing. Development at this density Refer to Low Density Residential (R-S) requires full urban levels of service and public improvements. On large development standards within the City of parcels, development will be concentrated in more developable areas with Chino Hills Municipal Code. large contiguous areas left as open space. Medium Density This land use designation includes densities appropriate for single-family 12 du/ac maximum Residential attached townhouses, two-story townhouses, condominiums, and low- Refer to Medium Density Residential density apartments. This land use designation is generally applied in areas (RM-1) development standards within the of relatively flat land with good access to arterial streets and public City of Chino Hills Municipal Code. services. On large parcels, development should be concentrated in more developable areas, with large contiguous areas left as open space. Parcels should be laid out to minimize visual impact of development as well as roads. Residential developments in this land use designation will be designed to create a high quality living environment, with pleasing architecture and landscaping. High Density This land use designation includes higher density condominiums and 25 du/ac maximum Residential apartments. On large parcels, development should be concentrated in more Refer to High Density Residential (RM-2) developable areas, with large contiguous areas left as open space. development standards within the City of Residential developments in this land use designation will be designed to Chino Hills Municipal Code. create a high quality living environment, with pleasing architecture and landscaping. Very High Density This land use designation is applied to sites adjacent to shopping and 35 du/ac maximum Residential employment areas. It is intended for rental and ownership units. Residential Refer to Very High Density Residential developments in this land use designation will be designed to create a high (RM-3) development standards within the quality living environment, with pleasing architecture and landscaping, and City of Chino Hills Municipal Code. to be compatible with surrounding development. Commercial Commercial This land use designation is applied to areas appropriate for concentrated 0.30:1 FAR maximum retail use, where shoppers often make a single trip to visit a number of Refer to Commercial development related establishments. Appropriate Commercial uses include, but are not standards within the City of Chino Hills limited to, food, pharmaceuticals, clothing, restaurants, professional offices, Municipal Code. medical/ dental offices, hardware and building materials stores, auto and accessories dealers, appliance outlets, theaters, personal services and other retail uses and services In the General Commercial and Freeway Commercial Zones, retail and other tax-generating uses represent the primary permitted use.

Chapter 2. Project Description Section 2.6 – General Plan Update Land Use and Circulation Plans page 2-9 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Designations Definition Development Standards Business Park This land use designation primarily includes small and large-scale businesses 0.75:1 FAR involved in research and development, light manufacturing, distribution, or Refer to Business Park and Light Industrial support services, as well as a variety of commercial uses. In general, customers development standards within the City of of this land use designation are other businesses, although commercial uses Chino Hills Municipal Code. may serve customers from the community or the region. Also allowed are offices and ancillary retail uses. In some cases, retail uses will be in the ground floor with offices above. Retail uses may serve as support to the primary office use, or may be developed as stand-alone uses. Commercial This land use designation includes public and private golf courses and Refer to Commercial-Recreation Recreation amusement areas, equestrian centers, tennis clubs, batting cages, and related development standards within the City of uses such as pro-shop or restaurant if a part of a recreation complex. It may also Chino Hills Municipal Code. be applied to a destination resort hotel developed as part of a golf course or open space-oriented project. Open Space Public Park This land use designation includes City-owned parks. Typical uses within public Refer to the Parks, Recreation and Open parks are active recreational areas and passive open space areas, including Space Element. such uses as sports fields, picnic areas, playgrounds/tot lots, landscaped areas, parking, and other support facilities including structures. Public Open Space This land use designation is applied to City-owned public space areas that are Refer to Open Space use provisions within intended to remain open space for the use and enjoyment of the community. the City of Chino Hills Municipal Code. This land use designation includes natural open space, conservation areas, and trails. The Chino Hills State Park is designated separately on the General Plan Land Use Map. Private Open Space This land use designation is applied to privately owned open space areas that Refer to Open Space use provisions within have been required to be set aside as open space within private developments the City of Chino Hills Municipal Code. and remain owned by a Homeowners Association or other nonprofit entity. This land use designation natural open space; private recreational facilities and parks; and other open space owned by a private or nonprofit entity. State Park The State Park land use designation encompasses properties that are within the City boundaries but are owned and operated by the Chino Hills State Park. Primary use within the State Park is natural open space. Appropriate secondary and accessory uses include trails, visitor facilities, ranger facilities, utilities that do not substantially degrade park use or viewsheds, and roads to serve the park and ancillary facilities. Institutional/Public Facility Institutional/ This land use designation includes public and private institutional uses such as 0.5:1 FAR [b] Public Facility City and other government properties, community centers, fire stations, public Refer to Institutional/Public Facility Districts schools, religious facilities, and Boys Republic. Public facility uses include public development standards within the City of utilities and utility rights of way. Chino Hills Municipal Code. Mixed Use Mixed Use This land use designation is applied to sites appropriate for a mix of multifamily Refer to Mixed Use development standards residential development and commercial. Mixed Use development may occur within the City of Chino Hills Municipal either combined in a single development or located side by side. Code. Mixed Use development is intended to create a diverse, pedestrian-friendly neighborhood, incorporating sustainable land use and design elements. Residential developments in this land use designation will be designed to create a high quality living environment, with pleasing architecture and landscaping, and to be compatible with surrounding development. [a] du/ac = dwelling units per acre [b] FAR = floor area ratio Note: Densities are rounded up to the nearest whole number. “Primary permitted use” means that the use shall occupy the majority of site area and the balance of the site shall be complementary to the use.

Section 2.6 – General Plan Update Land Use and Circulation Plans Chapter 2. Project Description page 2-10 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 2-2 – General Plan Build-Out – Land Use Designations by Acreage and Development Intensity

General Plan Land Use Designation General Plan Build-Out Square Feet (Non- Single-Family Multifamily Total Dwelling Acres Residential) Units Units Units Residential Agriculture/Ranches 7170 0 971 0 1,014 Rural Residential 859 0 944 0 944 Low Density Residential 3,778 24,307 a 18,039 0 18,039 Medium Density Residential 381 0 2,583 858 3,441 High Density Residential 315 0 81 4,092 4,173 Very High Density Residential 33 0 0 780 780 Subtotal 12,536 24,307 22,618 5,730 28,348 Commercial Commercial 464 4,737,574 1 b 193 194 Business Park 81 836,733 1 c 0 1 Commercial Recreation 858 216,428 0 0 0 Subtotal 1,403 5,790,735 2 193 195 Open Space Public Park 284 0 0 0 0 Public Open Space 3,188 0 0 0 0 Private Open Space 1,343 0 0 0 0 State Park 7,366 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 12,181 0 0 0 0 Institutional/Public Facility Institutional/Public Facility 633 2,132,563 6 18 24 Subtotal 633 2,132,563 6 18 24 Mixed Use Mixed Use 46 33,087 0 798 798 Subtotal 46 33,087 0 798 798 Total Acreages 26,799 d 7,980,692 22,626 6,739 29,368 a Non-residential square footage in Low Density Residential includes Chino Hills Four Square Church, Iglesia La Luz Del Mundo, Sehan Evangelical Church-Amber, and a Verizon facility. b Single-family unit in Commercial is existing house at Buddhist Temple of Chino Hills. c Single-family unit in Business Park is caretaker unit at Chino Hills Self Storage. d The 26,799-acre figure represents the total acreage of properties within the City that are provided with Land Use Designations in the updated General Plan Land Use Map. Public and private streets and State Route 71 are not provided with a Land Use Designation and are not included within the Total Acreages figure. Public and private right-of-way occupies an additional 1,937 acres within the City’s boundaries. The City’s total area, including properties with Land Use Designations and right-of-way, is 28,736 acres (or approximately 45 square miles). Note: Development intensity for nonresidential and residential based on existing development, approved plans; and in the case of undeveloped and uncommitted land, based on typical City development pattern of 62.5% of maximum site development potential.

Chapter 2. Project Description Section 2.6 – General Plan Update Land Use and Circulation Plans page 2-11 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 2-3– Comparison of General Plan Update Acreage to Existing General Plan Acreages General Plan Existing Update General Plan Difference General Plan Land Use Designation (acres) (acres) (acres) Residential Agriculture/Ranches 7,170 8,681 -1,511 Rural Residential 859 1,964 -1,105 Low Density Residential 3,778 4,035 -257 Medium Density Residential 381 760 -379 High Density Residential 315 605 -290 Very High Density Residential 33 52 -19 Subtotal 12,536 16,097 -3,561 Commercial Commercial 464 562 -98 Business Park 81 104 -23 Commercial Recreation 858 954 -96 Subtotal 1,403 1,620 -217 Open Space Public Park 284 0 284 Public Open Space 3,188 3,817 -629 Private Open Space 1,343 0 1,343 State Park 7,366 7,326 40 Subtotal 12,181 11,143 1,038 Institutional/Public Facility Institutional/Public Facility 633 866 -233 Subtotal 633 866 -233 Mixed Use Mixed Use 46 0 46 Subtotal 46 0 46 Difference of Total Acreage of Properties that are Provided with a Land Use Designation, Excluding - 2,927 acres Rights-of-Way Public and Private Streets Right of way and State 1,937 acres Route 71 Total Acreage Difference of Total City Acreage, Including Properties - 990 acres with Land Use Designations and Rights-of-Way Difference: Total Residential (dwelling units) 29,365 28,585 780 Difference: Total Non-Residential (square feet) 7,980,692 8,249,692 -269,000

Section 2.6 – General Plan Update Land Use and Circulation Plans Chapter 2. Project Description page 2-12 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

activities to the California Department of Fish

2.7 Zoning Map and Wildlife Streambed Alteration Agreement pursuant to §1602 of the California Figure 2-3 presents the City of Chino Hills Department of Fish and Game Code. Such Proposed Zoning Map, which is consistent with notifications are required for activities that the proposed General Plan Land Use Map relative would substantially divert or obstruct the to land use designations and locations of land natural flow of water courses or lakes, uses. Consistent with the existing Zoning Map, substantially change or use material from a the proposed Zoning Map disaggregates bed, a channel or a bank of any stream, lake, Commercial uses into General Commercial, or river, or deposit or dispose of crumbled Freeway Commercial, Neighborhood Commercial waste pavement materials into a river, a lake and Office Commercial categories; and Business or a stream. If the California Department of Park into Business Park and Light Industrial Fish and Wildlife determines that such categories. activities may substantially adversely affect fish or wildlife resources, a Lake or Streambed 2.8 Public Actions and Approvals Alteration Agreement must be prepared. Required • State of California, Regional Water Quality Control Board: Pursuant to the Federal Clean The City is the lead agency with the authority to Water Act (Section 402[g]) and regulations carry out or approve the proposed Project. The governing General Construction Activities City’s project approvals include certification of Storm Water Permits, a National Pollutant the EIR for the proposed Project, as well as Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit adoption of the General Plan Update. This EIR is would be required for individual construction intended as a Program EIR, and specific develop- projects to ensure that proper measures are ment proposals made in the City would be subject taken to prevent discharge of construction to subsequent environmental clearance/review. wastes into state- or federal-regulated water resources. Pursuant to Section 401(a)(1) of While not required for approval of this General the Clean Water Act, a Section 401 water Plan Update, federal, regional, and state quality certification or waiver would be responsible agencies often have discretionary required for the Project before any federal authority over certain aspects of future develop- permit can be issued. ment projects. These agencies are expected to include: • United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Future development projects that would eliminate • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: Future habitat or otherwise harm rare, threatened, or development projects may require permits endangered plants and wildlife that are from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers protected by the Endangered Species Act (USACE), pursuant to Section 404 of the (ESA), may require a permit from the United federal Clean Water Act, where such projects States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). contain or could impact areas classified as Projects involving a federal approval would be “waters of the United States.” A USACE permit subject to consultation with USFWS, pursuant is required prior to discharging any dredge or to Section 7 of the ESA, while activities on fill material into United States waters. private land without federal involvement • California Department of Fish and Wildlife: would be subject to the permitting provisions Future development projects that could of Section 10 of the ESA. substantially modify a lake, a river, or a stream must provide prior notification of such

Chapter 2. Project Description Section 2.7 – Zoning Map page 2-13 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 2-3 – Proposed Zoning Map

Section 2.8 – Public Actions and Approvals Required Chapter 2. Project Description page 2-14

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 3. Existing Setting

This chapter provides an overview of the existing disaggregates the City according to various land environmental setting of the planning area in the use designations. City of Chino Hills (City), with respect to the Table 3-1 below summarizes the distribution of existing General Plan, existing land uses, the City area by existing General Plan land use existing circulation the system, existing designations and by percent of City total acreage. infrastructure, existing geologic conditions, existing biological and cultural resources, and a Table 3-1 – Existing General Plan Land Uses by summary of cumulative projects considered in the Acres and Percent of Total Acres assessment of the long-range impact of the General Plan Percent of General Plan Update. Please note that the City has Land Use Designation Acres Total Acres Residential no Sphere of Influence areas where currently Agriculture/Ranches 8,681 29.2 unincorporated territory is anticipated for Rural Residential 1,964 6.6 Low Density Residential 4,035 13.6 eventual annexation to Chino Hills. Medium Density Residential 760 2.6 High Density Residential 605 2.0 The purpose of this chapter is to provide a Very High Density Residential 52 0.2 description of the physical environmental Subtotal 16,097 54.2 conditions, from both a local and a regional Commercial Commercial 562 1.9 perspective, to establish the baseline physical Business Park 104 0.3 conditions from which the City will determine the Commercial Recreation 954 3.2 significance of environmental impacts resulting Subtotal 1,620 5.4 Open Space from the proposed Plan. Public Open Space 3,817 12.8 State Park 7,326 24.6 Subtotal 11,143 37.4 Institutional / Public Facility 3.1 Existing General Plan Institutional / Public Facility 866 3.0 Total 29,726* 100 Physical development in the City is currently *The 29,726-acre figure represents the total acreage of land within the governed by the City’s existing (1994, and as City based on the existing General Plan Land Use Map. Please note that the existing General Plan Land Use Map included acreage counts from amended) General Plan. As shown in Figure 3-1, public and private streets and State Route 71 as well as acreage counts the existing General Plan Land Use Map from previous mapping errors that have now been corrected.

Chapter 3. Existing Setting Section 3.1 – Existing General Plan page 3-1 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 3-1– Existing General Plan Land Use Policy Map

Section 3.1 – Existing General Plan Chapter 3. Existing Setting page 3-2 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

PD 00-01 - Canyon Estates

3.2 Existing Land Uses PD 5-157 - Oak Tree Downs PD 9-163 - Canyon Hills Table 3-2 below presents existing General Plan PD 13-137 - Laband Ranch and existing land uses by non-residential square PD 13-141 - Diamond Valley Estate feet and dwelling units, and compares the PD 14-153 - Western Hills currently developed Chino Hills land uses to PD 15-150 - Brock Homes expected build-out under the existing General PD 17-127 - Rolling Ridge Plan. Existing land uses are calculated through PD 18-157 - Stonefield January 8, 2013. Calculations were completed by PD 19-153 - Crowell/Leventhal Community Development Department staff PD 19-161 - Vellano August 1, 2013, based on a parcel-specific PD 23-152 - Village Oaks inventory of existing land uses within the City. As PD 24-145 - Gordon Ranch shown in the table, under the existing General PD 25-137 - Bramalea "Grand Point" Plan, there are 8,249,692 square feet of potential PD 26-137 - Warmington Homes build-out non-residential development and PD 26-149 - Lewis Homes/Green Valley 28,820 potential dwelling units. Existing PD 29-139 - Payne Ranch development in the City currently contains PD 37-161 - Galstian Family Trust 6,161,941 square feet of non-residential PD 41-149 - Lusk/Woodview development, comprising 75% of potential PD 41-163 - Kaufman & Broad, south of existing General Plan non-residential build-out. Soquel Canyon Parkway Existing development also currently contains PD 43-161 - Kaufman & Broad, north of 23,793 residential units, comprising 83% of Soquel Canyon Parkway potential existing General Plan residential build- PD 50-153 - Fairfield Ranch out. PD 50-167 - Richland Homes PD 51-163 - Sterling Builders 3.3 Existing Zoning Map PD 57-171 - Rhoades/Hunters Hill PD 57-174 - Butterfield Ranch As shown in Figure 3-2 – Existing Zoning Map, PD 97-001 - Higgins Ranch much of the City currently has a Planned PD 2003-01- Pine Valley Estates Development or “PD” designation. The PDs are The County did not require a standard format for overlay districts originally created by the County the PD documents. As a result, many are of San Bernardino to allow flexible development incomplete and inconsistent with other planning plans. Existing PD developments are mapped on documents, including the City General Plan and the City Official Zoning Map. Although several of the Municipal Code. The predominance of PDs the existing PDs have been replaced by traditional makes the existing Zoning Map difficult to read, zoning, the following PDs remain, which are listed and the incomplete and inconsistent condition of by PD number and the name of the major project the PD documents makes their policies difficult to with which each PD is associated. administer.

Chapter 3. Existing Setting Section 3.2 – Existing Land Uses page 3-3 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 3-2 – Existing General Plan and Existing Land Uses by Designation, by Non-Residential Square Feet, and by Dwelling Units, and Difference between Existing General Plan and Existing Development Difference between Existing General Plan Existing General Plan Land Uses Existing Land Uses and Existing Development Non- Non- Non- General Plan Update Residential Single- Multifamily Residential Single- Multifamily Residential Single- Multifamily Land Use Designation Square Feet Family Units Units Total Units Square Feet Family Units Units Total Units Square Feet Family Units Units Total Units Residential Agriculture/Ranches 9,039 971 - 971 9,039 63 0 63 0 908 0 908 Rural Residential - 1,013 - 1,013 0 283 0 283 0 730 0 730 Low Density Residential 28,156 15,741 332 16,073 28,156 14,695 332 15,027 0 1,046 0 1,046 Medium Density Residential - 3,271 321 3,592 0 3,221 149 3,370 0 50 172 222 High Density Residential 144,261 1,359 4,422 5,781 144,261 1,358 3,238 4,596 0 1 1,184 1,185 Very High Density Residential 164,372 89 700 789 134,633 89 2 91 29,739 0 698 698 Subtotal 345,828 22,444 5,775 28,219 316,089 19,709 3,721 23,430 29,739 2,735 2,054 4,789 Commercial Commercial 4,853,161 1 193 194 3,386,649 1 193 194 1,466,512 0 0 0 Business Park 836,733 1 0 1 467,733 1 0 1 369,000 0 0 0 Commercial Recreation 216,428 0 0 0 216,428 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 5,906,322 2 193 195 4,070,810 2 193 195 1,835,512 0 0 0 Open Space Public Open Space 0 148 0 148 0 145 0 145 0 3 0 3 Private Open Space 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Public Park 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 State Park 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 0 0 0 0 0 145 0 145 0 3 0 3 Mixed Use Mixed Use 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Institutional/Public Facility Institutional / Public Facility 1,997,542 7 16 23 1,775,042 7 16 23 222,500 0 0 0 Subtotal 1,997,542 7 16 23 1,775,042 7 16 23 222,500 0 0 0 Total 8,249,692 22,892 5,928 28,820 6,161,941 19,863 3,930 23,793 2,087,751 3,029 1,998 5,027 Percent Existing Development to Existing General Plan Build-Out 75% 87% 66% 83% Percent Development Remaining to be Constructed, General Plan Build-Out 25% 13% 34% 17% * Existing land uses are calculated through December 31, 2012. Calculations were completed by Community Development Department staff August 1, 2013, based on a parcel-specific inventory of existing land uses within the City.

Chapter 3. Existing Setting Section 3.3 – Existing Zoning Map page 3-4 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 3-2– Existing Zoning Map

Chapter 3. Existing Setting Section 3.3 – Existing Zoning Map page 3-5 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

of Chino Hills Storm Drain Master Plan and Water,

3.4 Existing Transportation Recycled Water, and Sewer Master Plan anticipate the infrastructure improvements needed to serve Roadways current and expected development. Master The City’s roadway system is made up of the planning and implementation of infrastructure SR-71 Freeway and its interchanges, 6-Lane improvements for dry utilities is conducted by the Major Arterials, 4-Lane Major Highways, 4-Lane utility companies, who coordinate with the City Secondary Highways, 4-Lane Commercial regarding construction within the City’s public Collectors, and 2-Lane Collectors. Local streets rights-of-way. connect to these roadways, providing access to the City’s neighborhoods and non-residential developments. 3.6 Existing Geology and Seismicity

The City is located in the eastern Puente Hills, in Transit the northern portion of the Peninsular Ranges OmniTrans is the largest public transit provider in geomorphic province. The Peninsular Ranges San Bernardino County, serving over 15 million province is characterized by a series of passengers each year throughout 16 cities and northwest- to southeast-oriented valleys, hills, unincorporated areas. In Chino Hills, OmniTrans and mountains separated by faults associated provides bus service from Chino Hills Parkway with and parallel to the San Andreas Fault System. and Pipeline Avenue to the TransCenter in the Two of these faults, the Chino Fault and the City of Montclair and extends service to Chino Whittier Fault, are located in and near the City, Hills locations such as Ayala, Townsend Junior respectively. These faults are classified as “active” High, and Chino Hills High Schools, the Chino – i.e., there is geologic evidence of surface Campus of Chaffey College, Chino Spectrum, and rupture within the past 11,000 years. Seismic City Hall. activity along these faults and the bedrock and sediment types that occur in the Chino Hills area, Bicycle and Pedestrian Ways control to a large extent the potential geologic impacts that could occur in the City. Bike lanes are designated in the Circulation Element on all arterial, highway, and collector Other geologic conditions within the City include streets in the City. Pedestrian ways connect liquefaction and landslides. Liquefaction is a soil neighborhoods to schools, commercial areas, and strength and stiffness loss phenomenon that parks and open spaces. typically occurs in loose, saturated, cohesionless soils as a result of strong ground shaking during earthquakes. 3.5 Existing Infrastructure Please refer to Section 4.6 (Geology and Soils), in Water, sewer, and storm drainage infrastructure this EIR for additional information concerning the (wet utilities), and electricity, natural gas, and City’s geologic setting, and to Figure 4-4, which telecommunications infrastructure (dry utilities) illustrates state-mapped earthquake fault hazards comprise the City infrastructure system. Such and other seismic and geologic hazards. infrastructure is typically installed in conjunction with development to serve that development or be reasonably related to it. Utility systems usually 3.7 Existing Biological Resources follow the street system and are installed within the public right of way. Planning and maintenance The City is home to a wide diversity of plant and of wet utilities is the City’s responsibility. The City animal species, often located in the canyons.

Section 3.4 – Existing Transportation Chapter 3. Existing Setting page 3-6 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Native and non-native vegetation occurs within would have been a base with smaller satellite the following 11 vegetation communities. villages and seasonal camps in the vicinity. Because of this history, the entire City is sensitive 1. Annual Grasslands for prehistoric resources. A records search at the 2. Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub San Bernardino Archaeological Information Center 3. Coast Live Oak Woodland at the San Bernardino County Museum identified 4. Chaparral, Southern Willow Scrub 121 recorded cultural resources within the City.2 5. Walnut Woodland Twenty-six are prehistoric-era sites, 55 are 6. Coast Live Oak Riparian Forest historic-era sites, 38 are prehistoric isolates, and 7. Riverine 2 are historic isolates within the city limits of 8. Coastal Sage Scrub/Chaparral Ecotone Chino Hills. Two of the historic-era sites have 9. Freshwater Emergent Wetland additional listings. The Ranch Chino Adobe site is 10. Sycamore-Alder Riparian Woodland a California State Historical Landmark, and the 11. Open Water Battle of Chino marker is a California Point of Within these vegetation communities are a Interest. number of special-status animal species that Known paleontological resources in the City inhabit the native plant communities within the consist of Miocene Epoch (15-9 million years old) City. Special-status animals include fish, birds, and Pleistocene Epoch (1.8 million to 10 thousand reptiles, and mammals that are listed by the years old) fossils. Miocene fossils represent the United States Fish and Wildlife Services (USFWS) time period when Chino Hills was ocean floor and and/or the California Department of Fish and include many kinds of marine life, but also Wildlife (CDFW) as “endangered,” “threatened,” or include leaves from terrestrial plants that were a “species of concern.” Special-status animals washed into the ocean by streams and rivers. The identified by the California Natural Diversity Miocene marine fossils include marine mammals Database (CNDDB) also occur in the City. of 8 types, boney fishes of 41 types, cartilaginous Please refer to Chapter 4.4 (Biological Resources), fishes of 4 types, marine invertebrates of Subsection 4.4.1, Existing Conditions in this EIR 18 types, and marine plants of 10 types. Miocene for additional information concerning the land plants of 32 types are represented along terrestrial biology setting of the planning area, with freshwater snails. The single most and to Figure 4-2 – Vegetation Communities in scientifically significant fossil is the Chino Hills Chino Hills (page 4-49), which illustrates the Dolphin, Atocetus anguloi, recovered during spatial distribution of major vegetation construction excavations for Vellano in Soquel communities and special-status species Canyon. This dolphin is a new and previously occurrence. unknown species and has no living relatives. Pleistocene terrestrial mammals are represented by 8 types, including a prehistoric bison, horse, 3.8 Existing Cultural Resources giant horse, Mammoth, deer, two types of ground sloths, and a rodent. All of the City of Chino Hills is within the traditional tribal territory of the Tongva/ Gabrielino, which is believed to have inhabited the area beginning in the Milling Stone or Intermediate period, approximately 3,000 years before present. These people are believed to have established the village of Pashiinonga that was 2 located on a rise above Chino Creek. This village Records search June 9-11, 2010 by Molly Valasik of Cogstone

Chapter 3. Existing Setting Section 3.8 – Existing Cultural Resources page 3-7 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

residential units which, applying the same

3.9 Cumulative Impacts Setting average vacancy rate and household size, would result in a build-out population of 94,895. This CEQA requires that EIRs discuss cumulative build-out will result in a population and housing impacts, in addition to project-specific impacts. increase of 24%, and is expected to be reached in According to §15355 of the CEQA Guidelines, about year 2035. The number of jobs in the City “cumulative impacts” refer to two or more is estimated to be 13,920. By 2035, jobs in the individual effects which, when considered City are expected to increase by 29% to 17,940.3 together, are considerable or which compound or increase other environmental impacts. In the western San Bernardino Valley Subarea, which encompasses the area roughly between Because the scope of the General Plan Update Yucaipa and the western county border, SANBAG encompasses a long-range planning horizon projects that by 2035 the Valley Subarea will have culminating in build-out of the planning area, the a total population of 1,945,152, a total of cumulative impact analyses presented throughout 559,351 households, and a total of 852,084 jobs. this EIR attempt to incorporate all current and These projections represent subregional increases future private and public development projects in population of 31%, households of 34%, and within the City’s planning area, as well as major jobs of 48%. projects currently proposed in adjacent communities. Assessments of cumulative impacts Comparatively, population and household growth also consider the effects of regional growth in the City will be slower than the subregion as a forecasts, as described below. whole, 24% for the City compared to 31% and 34% for the subregion. At a 49% increase, employment As specified in CEQA Guidelines §15130(1)(B), a growth in the City will be about the same as the summary of regional projections may also be 48% employment growth in the subregion. In all presented to supplement discussion of cases, the City will continue to represent 5% or cumulative impacts. In compliance with the less of the subregional totals. Guidelines, this section discusses the growth projected by the proposed General Plan Update in combination with the growth of the western San Bernardino Valley subregion, as forecasted by the San Bernardino Associated Governments (SANBAG) to support the April 4, 2012 Southern California Association of Governments’ (SCAG) 2012-2035 Regional Transportation Plan/ Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS).

As of 2012, based on City land use inventories, the City of Chino Hills had 23,793 residential units. Applying a residential vacancy rate of 2.9% and an average household size of 3.30 as estimated by the California Department of Finance, “Report E-5, Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State, January 1, 2011-2013, with 2010 Benchmark,” the City had a 2012 population of 76,240

persons. Based on the General Plan Update, 3 San Bernardino County Local Input Growth Forecasts build-out of the City will result in 29,600 by Jurisdiction, SCAG, May 28, 2014

Section 3.9 – Cumulative Impacts Setting Chapter 3. Existing Setting page 3-8

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures

This Chapter describes the existing conditions, The potentially significant environmental impacts potential significant adverse impacts, and of the project are then discussed and evaluated mitigation measures related to the project. against each threshold of significance. For each Specifically, this section focuses on relevant significant impact, appropriate mitigation issues associated with the following environ- measures are presented. Any significant impact mental topics: that cannot be fully mitigated is identified and discussed. 1. Land Use and Planning 2. Aesthetics Finally, any cumulative impacts associated with the 3. Air Quality specific environmental factor are identified. Where 4. Biological Resources appropriate, measures to mitigate any cumulative 5. Cultural Resources impacts are presented, and any cumulative 6. Geology and Soils significant impact that cannot be fully mitigated is 8. Greenhouse Gases identified and discussed. 9. Hazards and Hazardous Materials 10. Hydrology and Water Quality 11. Noise 4.1 Land Use and Planning 12. Population and Housing 13. Public Services This section addresses issues related to plans and 14. Recreation policies governing existing and future land use 15. Transportation/Traffic and development conditions within the City of 16. Utilities and Service Systems Chino Hills (City). Land use impacts can be either direct or indirect. Direct impacts are those that Each environmental factor is discussed separately result in a physical division of neighborhoods or under its own section. Each discussion begins with communities, conflicts with other land use plans a description of the existing conditions relative to and programs, or conflicts with habitat or wildlife the specific environmental factor. This setting conservation plans. This section focuses on direct information is critical to accurately assess the land use impacts. Indirect impacts are secondary Project’s impacts. effects resulting from land use policy implementation, such as an increase in demand for public Next, the threshold of significance used to utilities or services, or increased traffic on measure potential Project impacts is identified. roadways. Indirect impacts are addressed in other Thresholds of significance are based on the CEQA sections of this EIR. Guidelines, information provided by the Project Initial Study (Appendix A) and other regulatory requirements as appropriate.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-1 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.1.1 Existing Conditions 4.1.2 Regulatory Framework 1. Existing General Plan 1. Municipal Code As discussed in Section 3.1 (beginning on Zoning regulations for the City are set forth in page 3-1, physical development in the City is Chapter 16 of the Chino Hills Municipal Code and currently governed by the City’s existing General the Zoning Map. Zoning implements the broader Plan. The existing General Plan disaggregates the land use policies set forth in the General Plan, City according to the following land use and defines development standards for various designations: types of land use districts, such as allowed uses, lot sizes, building height, lot coverage, building • Agriculture/Ranches intensity (dwelling units per acre and floor area • Rural Residential ratio) parking, signs, and lighting. The Zoning • Low Density Residential Map identifies the spatial distribution of the • Medium Density Residential various zoning districts. • High Density Residential • Very High Density Residential 2. Specific Plans • Commercial • Business Park A Specific Plan typically serves as a zoning • Commercial Recreation document for a particular area, providing more • Public Open Space focused guidance and regulation. A Specific Plan • State Park generally includes a land use plan, a circulation • Institutional/Public Facility plan, an infrastructure plan, development standards, design guidelines, a phasing plan, a As shown in Table 4-1– Existing General Plan financing plan, and an implementation plan. Use, Residential is the predominant existing General Plan land use, comprising 16,097 acres The City currently has two Specific Plans: The (54.2%) of the City. Open Space comprises Shoppes at Chino Hills, which covers retail, mixed 11,143 acres (37.5%); Commercial and Business use, civic center, residential, community park, Park comprises 1,620 acres (5.4%); and and community center uses; and The Commons, Institutional/Public Facility comprises 866 acres which covers a retail center. (2.9%). Table 4-1 further describes existing General Plan land uses by land use designation, 3. Subdivision Ordinance acreage, and expected build-out non-residential The City of Chino Hills Subdivision Ordinance square feet and dwelling units. ensures that all subdivisions within the City are designed with the infrastructure necessary to 2. Existing Land Uses support the proposed development, including Table 4-2 presents existing development in the road access, drainage, parks, school sites, utilities City by land use designation, acreage, non- and related easements, and lot size and residential square footage, dwelling unit and configuration. percent of total existing General Plan expected build-out. As shown in the table, there are 6,161,941 square feet of existing non-residential development in the City, comprising 75% of potential existing General Plan build-out. There are 23,793 existing residential units in the City, comprising 83% of potential existing General Plan build-out.

Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-2 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-1 – Existing General Plan Use Square Feet Total (Non- Single Family Multifamily Dwelling Designation Acres Residential) Units Units Units Residential Agriculture/Ranches (0.2 du/ac or less) 8,681 9,039 1,270 0 1,270 Rural Residential (0.2-2 du/ac) 1,964 0 988 0 988 Low Density Residential (2-6 du/ac) 4,035 28,156 15,758 332 16,090 Medium Density Residential (6-12 du/ac) 760 0 3,271 321 3,592 High Density Residential (12-25 du/ac) 605 144,261 1,359 4,366 5,725 Very High Density Residential (25-35 du/ac) 52 164,372 89 700 789 Subtotal 16,097 345,828 22,735 5,719 28,454 Commercial Commercial (0.30:1 FAR) 562 4,853,161 1 193 194 Business Park (0.75:1 FAR) 104 836,733 1 0 1 Commercial Recreation (0.10:1 FAR) 954 216,428 0 0 0 Subtotal 1,620 5,906,322 2 193 195 Open Space Open Space 3,817 0 148 0 148 Chino Hills State Park 7,326 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 11,143 0 148 0 148 Institutional/Public Facility Institutional / Public Facility (0.5:1 FAR) 866 1,997,542 7 16 23 Subtotal 866 1,997,542 7 16 23 Total 29,726 8,249,692 22,892 5,928 28,820

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-3 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-2 – Comparison of General Plan Update and Existing Land Use by Designation, Non-Residential Square Feet, and Dwelling Units Difference between General Plan Update General Plan Update Land Uses Existing Land Uses and Existing Development Non- Non- Non- General Plan Update Land Use Residential Single- Multifamily Residential Single- Multifamily Residential Single- Multifamily Designation Square Feet Family Units Units Total Units Square Feet Family Units Units Total Units Square Feet Family Units Units Total Units Residential Agriculture/Ranches 0 971 0 971 9,039 63 0 63 -9,039 908 0 908 Rural Residential 0 944 0 944 0 283 0 283 0 661 0 661 Low Density Residential 24,307 18,039 0 18,039 28,156 14,695 332 15,027 -3,849 3,344 -332 3,012 Medium Density Residential 0 2,583 858 3,441 0 3,221 149 3,370 0 -638 709 71 High Density Residential 0 81 4,092 4,173 144,261 1,358 3,238 4,596 -144,261 -1,277 854 -423 Very High Density Residential 0 0 780 780 134,633 89 2 91 -134,633 -89 778 689 Subtotal 24,307 22,618 5,730 28,348 316,089 19,709 3,721 23,430 -291,782 2,909 2,009 4,918 Commercial Commercial 4,737,574 1 193 194 3,386,649 1 193 194 1,350,925 0 0 0 Business Park 836,733 1 0 1 467,733 1 0 1 369,000 0 0 0 Commercial Recreation 216,428 0 0 0 216,428 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 5,790,735 2 193 195 4,070,810 2 193 195 1,719,925 0 0 0 Open Space Public Open Space 0 0 0 0 0 145 0 145 0 -145 0 -145 Private Open Space 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Public Park 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 State Park 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Subtotal 0 0 0 0 0 145 0 145 0 -145 0 -145 Institutional/Public Facility Institutional / Public Facility 2,132,563 6 18 24 1,775,042 7 16 23 357,521 -1 2 1 Subtotal 2,132,563 6 18 24 1,775,042 7 16 23 357,521 -1 2 1 Mixed Use Mixed Use 33,087 0 798 798 0 0 0 0 33,087 0 798 798 Subtotal 33,087 0 798 798 0 0 0 0 33,087 0 798 798 Total 7,980,692 22,626 6,739 29,365 6,161,941 19,863 3,930 23,793 1,818,751 2,763 2,809 5,572 Percent Existing Development of Potential General Plan Update Build-Out 77% 87% 59% 80% Percent Development Remaining to be Constructed General Plan Update Build-Out 23% 12% 42% 19%

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-4 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4. Measure U properties in the transfer. Additionally, while Measure U (Ordinance No. 123) was adopted on transfers of land use designations within a November 23, 1999, as a result of the approval by planned development shall be permitted in a sufficient number of affirmative votes of the Save accordance with the transfer standards Our Canyon Initiative at a Special Municipal Election contained in this paragraph, planned develop- held on November 2, 1999. Pursuant to the ment zoning cannot be transferred to any other Ordinance, its text is incorporated into the existing property in the City. Land Use Element as follows: 5. Southern California Association of The maximum density of any land designated Governments (SCAG) Regional for residential density shall not exceed the Comprehensive Plan (RCP) and density established by the Chino Hills Specific Compass Blueprint Growth Strategy Plan, the Chino Hills General Plan, the Zoning The City is 1 of 191 cities and 6 counties that are Map, or any finalized development agreements participating members of the Southern California in place prior to the passage of the Initiative. Association of Governments (SCAG). There are Any increase in density greater than that currently more than 18 million residents in this specified above must be approved by a majority region. SCAG is a federally established vote of the electorate of the City. However, the Metropolitan Planning Organization that provides City Council of the City of Chino Hills may regional planning services and administers reduce the density of any land designated for regional planning programs on behalf of the residential use. Notwithstanding the foregoing, member agencies within the SCAG region. SCAG the City Council may increase residential is responsible for allocating billions of dollars in density as necessary to meet the City’s annual federal, state, and local revenues for minimum mandated Housing Element require- major transportation infrastructure investments ments as set forth in California Government and for managing and funding a variety of plans Code §65580, et seq., as amended from time and programs to improve regional mobility, to time, including, without limitation, the City’s improve air quality, reduce greenhouse gas share of regional housing needs. emissions, and support numerous local initiatives. Any land within the City designated for a non- A foundational aspect of SCAG’s work involves residential use shall not be converted to a regular assessments of the region’s land use and residential use without a majority vote of the transportation patterns, demographic profile and electorate of the City. Notwithstanding the environmental quality, and conducting growth foregoing, the City Council may increase forecasting to estimate changes and needs over residential density as necessary to meet the time that will affect the quality of life and the City’s minimum mandated Housing Element manner in which major infrastructure investments requirements as set forth in California are handled. SCAG’s growth forecasts inform the Government Code §65580, et seq., as regular updates of the Regional Transportation amended, from time to time without limitation, Plan and the regional Air Quality Management the City’s share of regional housing needs. The Plan, for example. City Council may also redesignate non- residential property to residential property as Regional Comprehensive Plan part of a simultaneous transfer of zoning Among SCAG’s primary planning programs is the designations between residential and non- Regional Comprehensive Plan (RCP), which residential properties provided that the net expresses a broad vision for shaping the region’s effect of the transfer does not increase the total growth patterns in ways that achieve goals related number of residential units allowed on the to mobility, quality of life, economic competitive-

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-5 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

ness and sustainability, housing, environmental framework for the preferred land use alternative of protection, and conservation of natural resources. the 2004 Regional Transportation Plan, and is now Last adopted in 2008, the RCP focuses on the a successful initiative that is being implemented critical linkages between land use and transporta- through demonstration projects, on a voluntary tion, recognizing that land uses create travel basis, by local governments throughout the SCAG demands, that the time and distances involved in region. travel directly affect our quality of lives and the magnitude of vehicle-generated air pollution, and 4.1.3 Project Components Relevant to that coordinating land use and transportation Land Use and Planning decisions can improve mobility, increase the value 1. Proposed Land Use Element Update of transportation system investments, expand Goals, Policies, and Actions housing and job opportunities and preserve natural resources. The land use and housing goals in the Pursuant to §65302(a) of the California RCP express a vision of targeting future growth Government Code, the Land Use Element of the within existing urban centers and along proposed General Plan Update lays the transportation corridors well served by transporta- foundation for the type, amount, and location of tion infrastructure and other urban services, and in future development of public, private, and promoting new urban forms that mix land uses and institutional land uses in the City. This concentrate densities in urban areas where foundation is described graphically in the opportunities for transit, walkability, bicycling, and proposed Land Use Plan (Figure 2-2 – General more housing options can be facilitated. Plan Land Use Map) and further described in Table 2-1 – General Plan Land Use Designation Compass Blueprint -2% Strategy Descriptions and Table 2-2 – General Plan Build-Out – Land Use Designations by Acreage Since 2000, SCAG and its member agencies have and Development Intensity in Section 2.6.4 of been developing strategies to meet the region’s this EIR. challenges and accommodate significant growth by examining alternative scenarios for the form and Within the proposed General Plan Update Land patterns of our urban places and the major Use Element all of the following goals, policies, transportation infrastructure that would provide and actions would apply to land use and travel linkages and achieve mobility for movement planning. Many of these provisions are carried of people and goods. A consensus emerged by forward from the existing General Plan Land Use about 2004 that the build-out or “sprawl” pattern Element, and are to be updated for readability that has typified the region over the last half and/or to better reflect current and expected century is not sustainable, and that some of the conditions. The listing below indicates which growth would be better distributed to existing goals, policies, and actions are from existing urban centers where substantial transportation and provisions and which are new. other infrastructure resources already exist and where jobs and housing needs can be Goal LU-1: Protect Chino Hills’ Natural accommodated through higher building intensities Environment [Existing Major Goal 4] and reliance on transit, walking, bicycling, and Policy LU-1.1: Preserve Chino Hills’ Rural other travel modes that involve shorter distances Character by Limiting Intrusion of Development and low or zero emissions. The growth that would into Natural Open Spaces [Existing Major Goal 1 be shifted into urban centers would affect approxi- and Focused Goal 1-1 modified] mately 2% of the land area in the region. This alternative vision of growth became known as Action LU-1.1.1: Continue to monitor, “Compass Blueprint – 2% Strategy.” It was the enforce, and update as required the adopted

Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-6 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

City hillside development standards. [Existing Action LU-1.1.11: Require contour grading, Policy 2-1 modified] and encourage grading techniques that simulate the varied gradients and rounded Action LU-1.1.2: Discourage new develop- contours of natural landforms. [Existing Policy ment from obstructing public views of 1-15] extremely prominent ridgelines, prominent ridgelines, knolls, significant open spaces, or Action LU-1.1.12: Design roads and important visual resources as identified in the driveways for hillside residential development Municipal Code. [Existing Policy 1-17] that conforms to existing topography and that minimizes grading and retaining walls. Action LU-1.1.3: Ensure that new [Existing Policy 1-16] development conforms to the unique natural setting of each area and site, retaining the Action LU-1.1.13: In areas adjacent to Chino character of existing landforms and Hills State Park, require substantial open preserving significant native vegetation. space buffers between the proposed [Existing Policy 1-12] development and the Park. [New]

Action LU-1.1.4: Continue to require Action LU-1.1.14: Discourage development ridgelines and natural slopes to be dedicated intrusions on biological resources. [New] and maintained as open space as required by Action LU-1.1.15: Retain natural drainage the Municipal Code. [Existing Policy 1-5 courses in all cases where an independent modified] hydrologic review of a specific development Action LU-1.1.5: Maintain open space project finds that such preservation of natural requirements for new development based on drainage is physically feasible and where the slope of the land as required by the preservation of the natural feature will not Municipal Code; and require that a percentage render the subject project economically of required open space be left in its natural unviable. [Existing Policy 1-3] state. [Existing Policy 1-13] Action LU-1.1.16: Use designated fuel Action LU-1.1.6: Cluster development where modification zones to buffer natural areas appropriate to minimize grading, and and new residential development. [Existing roadway and driveway intrusions into Policy 4-5 modified] sensitive habitat areas, open spaces, and Policy LU-1.2: Preserve and enhance the Chino Hills State Park. [Existing Policy 1-14 aesthetics resources of Chino Hills, including the modified] City’s unique natural resources, roadside views, Action LU-1.1.7: Discourage development on and scenic resources. [Existing Focused Goal 1-2 slopes over 30%. [Existing Principal 2] modified]

Action LU-1.1.8: Prohibit development on Action LU-1.2.1: Continue to protect City- slopes over 40%. [Existing Principal 2] designated extremely prominent ridgelines, prominent ridgelines, and knolls from Action LU-1.1.9: Promote preservation of intrusion by development. [Existing Policy natural features such as streams, rock 1-20 modified] outcroppings, and unique vegetative clusters. [Existing Principal 1-h] Action LU-1.2.2: Require buildings to be designed and to utilize materials and colors to Action LU-1.1.10: Use dedicated open space, blend with the natural terrain in hillside areas as opposed to built barriers, as a buffer and adjacent to public open spaces, extremely between development areas, wherever prominent ridgelines, prominent ridgelines, possible. [Existing Policy 1-4]

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-7 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

knolls, or important visual resources as Policy LU- 2.2: Ensure balanced residential identified in the Municipal Code. [Existing development. [New] Policy 1-19 modified] Action LU-2.2.1: To protect environmental and Action LU-1.2.3: In conjunction with project visual resources within Agriculture/Ranches development, contour disturbed areas that are and Rural Residential properties, residential to be retained as open space to blend with lots may be clustered and minimum lot size natural slopes, and revegetate the open space reduced provided the overall residential density with native plants. [Existing Policy 1-19] of the property is not increased. [New]

Action LU-1.2.4: Minimize the visual bulk of Action LU-2.2.2: To protect affordable housing new development through implementation of options, discourage nonresidential uses from the City residential and non-residential design locating in multifamily zones. [New] guidelines. [Existing Policy 1-21 modified] Policy LU-2.3: Ensure public land uses and Action LU-1.2.5: Develop new development in utilities blend with surrounding development. such a way that it is not visible from the visitor Action LU-2.3.1: Require underground utilities center, the campgrounds, the parking areas, for all new development. [Existing Policy 1-8] and the floors of Aliso, Telegraph and tributary canyons within the Chino Hills State Park. Action LU-2.3.2: Locate and design public [Existing Policy 1-22] facilities to ensure visual and functional compatibility with adjacent residential and Action LU-1.2.6: Dedicate and maintain commercial land uses. landscaped areas as required by the City. [Existing Policy 1-5 modified] Action LU-2.3.3: Require all utilities to be designed and installed in a manner that Goal LU-2: Balance Residential with Commercial, minimizes visual and environmental impacts. Business, and Public Land Uses [New] Policy LU-2.4: Manage land use plans to ensure Policy LU- 2.1: Ensure that development of balanced and cohesive development. [New] commercial and business uses are balanced with Action LU-2.4.1: Track setback and other the predominately residential character of Chino development standards for residential Hills. [Existing Policy 3.9 modified] properties within former Planned Development Action LU-2.1.1: Ensure that new commercial (PD) areas, and continue to allow development and business development is consistent and within these areas to proceed in accordance compatible with the existing character of the with approved PD standards. [New] community and meets City development Action LU-2.4.2: Process applications for standards. [New] residential clustering in the Agriculture/ Action LU-2.1.2: Continue to review, and Ranches and Rural Residential areas through amend as necessary, the Municipal Code to the site plan review process. [New] ensure that land uses and development Action LU-2.4.3: Establish minimum lot sizes standards reflect current market trends, for clustering in the Agriculture/ Ranches community needs and state requirements. areas consistent with the Rural Residential [New] development standards, in Rural Residential Action LU-2.1.3: For new developments, areas consistent with the Low Density provide appropriate buffers between traffic Residential development standards. [New] intensive land uses and roadways and Action LU-2.4.4: Require development of the residential uses. [New] Tres Hermanos area to be planned through

Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-8 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

the Specific Plan or other master planning Policy LU-3.2: Minimize traffic, noise and other process acceptable to the City. [New] nuisance intrusions in residential neighborhoods. [New] Policy LU-2.5: Promote land use patterns that support a regional jobs/housing balance. Action LU-3.2.1: Locate assembly and other [Existing Objective 3-1 modified] neighborhood serving facilities on the perimeter of residential neighborhoods with Action LU-2.5.1: Achieve a balance of access to a collector street. [Existing Principal commercial uses that provides for the retail, 1-g] business, professional, and other service needs of City residents, and that will attract Action LU-3.2.2: Provide sidewalks along all customers from the surrounding region. [New] streets in residential neighborhoods; and where possible, provide sidewalks in internal Action LU-2.5.2: Create a broad range of greenbelts. [Existing Principal 1-e] employment opportunities for Chino Hills’ residents that are compatible with the community's residential character and the skills Goal LU-4: Provide for Excellence in Urban Design and education of Chino Hills' work force. [Existing Focused Goal 2-5] [Existing Policy 3-1 modified] Policy LU-4.1: Promote high quality development. [Existing Major Goal 1 modified]. Action LU-2.5.3: Concentrate major business park and commercial uses that represent a Action LU-4.1.1: Continually monitor and potential employment base near the Chino amend, as necessary, the design guidelines for Valley Freeway corridor and along major all types of development. [Existing Policy 2-4 arterials. [Existing Policy 3-2 and 3-3 modified] modified]

Action LU-2.5.4: Continue to review, and Action LU-4.1.2: Encourage rehabilitation or amend as necessary, the Municipal Code to upgrade of aging residential, commercial, and ensure that a wide range of commercial and business-related areas and structures. [New] employment is available. [New] Action LU-4.1.3: Screen negative views through Action LU-2.5.5: Encourage the revitalization of site planning, architectural, and landscape existing commercial areas. [New] devices. [New]

Action LU-4.1.4: Discourage commercial Goal LU-3: Maintain the Integrity of City signage that creates visual clutter and Neighborhoods [New] obstructs public views into the establishment. Policy LU-3.1: Maintain the character and quality [New] of existing neighborhoods. Action LU-4.1.5: Ensure that all development Action LU-3.1.1: Establish programs to within a recognized residential tract is of maintain and enhance the City’s older areas, comparable or superior exterior design and including Los Serranos, Sleepy Hollow, Canon materials and in accordance with City Lane and English Road. [Existing Policy 2-9 residential design guidelines to prevent modified] partially completed residential tracts from being completed in a manner that is not Action LU-3.1.2: Maintain programs to balance aesthetically compatible with existing portions the keeping of horses and large animals with of the tract. [Existing Policy 2-6 modified] contemporary land use and environmental requirements. Action LU-4.1.6: Implement policies that require residential development to be

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-9 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

designed at a scale that is in harmony with commercial areas, major roadways, and surrounding uses and the environment. transit facilities. [New]

Policy LU-4.2: Utilize extensive landscaping to Action LU-5.1.5: Encourage development to beautify Chino Hills’ urbanized areas. [Existing incorporate pedestrian and bicycle trails, Objective 2-2 modified] fitness areas, and/or other facilities that promote healthy living. [New] Action LU-4.2.1: Continually monitor and upgrade the City Landscape Standards. [New] 2. Proposed Land Use Map Changes Action LU-4.2.2: Require landscaping to be The General Plan Update Land Use Map contains continuously maintained in good condition. the following major changes: [New]

Action LU-4.2.3: Promote landscape materials 1. Delineation of Open Space into Public that consist of drought-resistant plant Open Space, Private Open Space, and varieties complementary to the area. [New] Public Park land use categories.

Policy LU-4.3: Promote high-quality public 2. Designation of Very High Residential Sites spaces. [New] in compliance with state-mandated Regional Housing Needs Action LU-4.3.1: Maintain high-quality Assessment(RHNA) obligation. streetscape design for major corridors into and through the City. [Existing Objective 2-1 3. Addition of a Mixed Use land use and Policy 2-5 modified] category.

Action LU-4.3.2: Maintain enhanced signage 4. Correction of land use designations for and landscape treatments at major entrances sites that have developed or are expected to the City. [Existing Policy 2-3 modified] to develop at uses or densities that differ substantially from their existing General Plan land use category. Goal LU-5: Plan for Sustainable Land Uses [New] Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and 5. Correction of mapping errors. higher density development. These changes are proposed to provide a Land Action LU-5.1.1: Identify sites suitable for Use Map that accurately reflects existing and mixed use development within an existing planned uses in the City. urban service area and establish appropriate Open Space Designations: Delineation of Open site-specific standards to accommodate the Space into Public, Private and Public Park mixed uses. [New] categories facilitates community understanding of Action LU-5.1.2: Identify mixed use develop- the different types of open spaces within the City ment standards that support sustainable and the relevant policies for the various open development. [New] space categories.

Action LU-5.1.3: Coordinate land use patterns RHNA Obligation: Pursuant to AB 2348 and recent with transportation plans to improve and amendments to State of California Housing Element protect air quality, and reduce vehicular trips. Law, the State Department of Housing and [New] Community Development (HCD) has established a Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density methodology that allows urban cities, such as residential and mixed use development near Chino Hills, to satisfy their affordable housing requirement by rezoning property to allow for at least 30 dwelling units per acre. Accordingly, the

Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-10 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

City’s adopted 5th cycle (2014-2021) Housing These sites and their available units are depicted Element, which was accepted by HCD December in Table 4-3 below. The table also shows the 2013, identified two sites suitable for re- current and proposed General Plan land use designation to Very High Density Residential, which designations for the sites and any remaining meets the HCD requirement by allowing for dwelling units after the proposed transfer. multifamily residential development up to 35 Those residential units identified for transfer are dwelling units per acre. These two sites are the applied to the proposed Mixed Use sites as Overton Moore site, previously designated summarized in Table 4-4 below. Institutional, and the Tres Hermanos site “A”, designated Commercial. Of the total 829 residential units available for transfer, 798 are applied to the two proposed Combined, these two sites satisfy the City’s RHNA Mixed Use sites. The remaining 31 units are obligations from its current (5th cycle) Housing applied to the St. Joseph’s Hill of Hope property, Element which identified a need for 365 affordable located at 7351 Carbon Canyon Road. This units, and its previous (4th cycle 2006-2014) property currently has an Institutional designation, Housing Element which had an unmet need for 415 which is appropriate for the existing low-intensity affordable units for a total of 780 affordable units. religious facility. However, this 256-acre property The General Plan Update incorporates the City’s has substantial topographic constraints and limited Housing Element commitment, adding the 780 access on Carbon Canyon Road that would be multifamily units to expected City build-out. inconsistent with more intensive Institutional uses. Mixed-Use Land Use Designation: Creation of a The General Plan Update proposes to redesignate new Mixed Use category assists the City in this property as Agriculture/Ranches consistent meeting sustainability goals that encourage with surrounding properties of similar topo- reduced vehicular trips and walkability between graphical and access constraints. Under the residential and commercial areas. As proposed, Agriculture/Ranches designation, St. Joseph’s Hill the Mixed Use category will permit a mix of of Hope will be able to continue its existing multifamily residential and commercial uses that operations as a religious facility. If St. Joseph’s will incorporate elements of walkability and seeks to expand, or if a new religious facility connectivity; inviting and functional public seeks to locate on the property, the facility could spaces; a variety of uses that include medium to apply to locate on the site through the very high density housing of between 14 to 50 Conditional Use Permit process. If the property dwelling units per acre, and community-serving ultimately develops as a residential use, up to 31 commercial uses. The proposed General Plan 4 Update identifies two potential Mixed-Use sites: dwelling units could be constructed. the former Higgins Brick site formerly designated Commercial, and another portion of the Tres Hermanos site formerly designated Commercial.

Residential units are transferred to these Mixed Use sites in accordance with Measure U, which allows for transfer of residential densities 4 Although the Agriculture/Ranches designation pursuant to simultaneous General Plan land use permits up to 0.2 units per acre, the constraints of designation changes. The sites with unused hillside development typically result in densities of residential density appropriate for transfer about 62.5 of maximum potential (verified by include the B.A.P.S. Temple, the Sleepy Hollow Community Development Department Staff land use Community Center, the McCoy Community projections, July 26, 2012). Accordingly, the maximum residential potential for the Hill of Hope Center, and the Founders Community Center. property is estimated to be 31 units.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-11 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-3 – Proposed Residential Density Transfers Source Sites 2. Permit clustering of Pursuant to Measure U Agriculture/Ranches and Rural Units Existing Proposed Residential properties to protect Sites with Unused Available General Plan General Plan Residential Density for Transfer Designation Designation Remainder Units environmental and visual resources, B.A.P.S. Temple 698 Very High Density Institutional 2 Units for Housing allowing for reduced minimum lot Residential of Swamis sizes provided the overall density of Sleepy Hollow 3 Low Density Institutional 0 the parcel is not increased. Community Center Residential McCoy Community 3 Agriculture/Ranches Institutional 0 Transition Planned Development Center Plans to Traditional Zoning: As Founders Community 125 High Density Medium Density 76 Units remaining Center Residential Residential from PD discussed in Section 3.1, much of Total Units Available 829 the existing Zoning Map contains for Transfer Planned Development (PD) designations, which are overlay Table 4-4 – Proposed Residential Density Transfers Recipient districts originally created by the Sites Pursuant to Measure U County of San Bernardino to allow Site DU Acres DU/Ac Source of Units flexible development plans that Higgins Brick 324 27.14 12 B.A.P.S. Temple could supersede general plan and Tres Hermanos 474 20 24 B.A.P.S.+ Sleepy Hollow zoning policies. The County did not Community Center + McCoy Community Center + Founders require a standard format for the PD Site documents, and as a result, many Total Units to be Transferred to 798 Mixed-Use Sites are incomplete and inconsistent St. Joseph’s Hill of Hope 31 256 0.12 Founders Site with other planning documents Total Units to be Transferred 829 including the City General Plan and the Municipal Code. The

predominance of PDs makes the existing Zoning Land Use Designation and General Mapping Errors: Map difficult to read, and the incomplete and During the past 20 years, the City has developed inconsistent conditions of the PD documents rapidly but has not undertaken a comprehensive make their policies difficult to administer. update of its General Plan Land Use Map. As a result, there are numerous instances where the The General Plan Update Land Use Element existing Land Use Map shows land uses that differ establishes policies to convert PD areas to substantially from their approved entitlements and traditional zoning. For developed PD areas, from what has actually developed. The General Plan zoning designations will be applied that best Update Land Use Map corrects these errors as well match the development in compliance with as other general mapping errors. Measure U (discussed below) and other applicable law. For example, the Kaufman & Broad, south of 3. Proposed Land Use Element Policy Soquel Canyon Parkway PD (PD 41-163) will be Changes rezoned R-S, because it has developed with The goals, policies, and action of the Land Use single-family detached residential land uses at a Element Update generally follow that of the density that best matches the R-S Low Density existing General Plan Land Use Element. The Residential Zone. For undeveloped PD designated following are the most notable changes: areas, the properties will be rezoned to match their General Plan Land Use Map designation to 1. Transition Planned Development the greatest extent possible while ensuring that designated properties to traditional Measure U and other applicable laws are complied zoning. with. For example, the Canyon Hills property (PD 9-163) has a current General Plan Land Use

Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-12 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

designation of Rural Residential, and will be General Plan land use policy limits zoned R-R, Rural Residential, consistent with its development in southern Chino Hills to General Plan designation. homes and ranches on lots of at least 40 acres in size. Developers may have an interest Permit Clustering of Agriculture/Ranches and to pursue more intensive use of this area in Rural Residential: Policies within the existing the future. General Plan promote clustering to protect natural landform and sensitive habitat areas. The This statement is not a goal, policy, or principle proposed General Plan Land Use Element update of the existing General Plan, but is presented as a retains these policies. But rather than rely on the statement based on discussions that occurred PD document or a Specific Plan document to during preparation of the existing General Plan provide for clustering, the General Plan Update about development in the southern portion of the allows for clustering through the City’s Site Plan City. Much of the southeastern portion of the City Review process, as promulgated in §16.76 of the is topographically constrained with slopes above Municipal Code. 30%. Other policies in the existing General Plan that are carried forward in the General Plan Currently, the Site Plan Review process provides for Update restrict development on steep slopes. comprehensive development review through the These include proposed Actions LU-1.1.7 and Planning Commission, but applies only to LU-1.1.8, which discourage development on multifamily development and non-residential slopes over 30%, and prohibit development on development. To protect environmental and visual slopes over 40%. resources within Agriculture/Ranches and Rural Residential properties, General Plan Update policies During the public hearing on the General Plan allow residential lots to be clustered and minimum Update, the Planning Commission received lot size reduced, provided the overall residential testimony from property owners and density of the property is not increased. Minimum environmental interests regarding the proposed lot size for clustered residential lots would be redesignation of the southeastern portion of the established by Municipal Code §16.10, Residential City to Agriculture/Ranches 40 in both the Districts. General Plan Update and proposed Zoning Map. As part of the public process, the Planning 4. Proposed Zoning Map Changes Commission carefully considered all concerns and determined at its January 20, 2015 meeting that Figure 2-3 – Proposed Zoning Map (page 2-14) the public’s interest is best served at this time by presents the proposed City of Chino Hills Zoning retaining the designation in the General Plan and Map, which updates the existing Zoning Map to Zoning Map currently in existence, including the be consistent with the proposed General Plan current policies, procedures and legislative intent Land Use Map relative to land use designations of the current General Plan and Zoning Map. The and locations of land uses. Former PD areas are Planning Commission voted to forward this converted to traditional zoning as discussed recommendation to City Council along with a above. recommendation that staff be directed to On the existing Zoning Map, there is currently an research this issue and work with the property asterisk and note placed on Agriculture/Ranches owners and community to recommend an action designated properties in the southeastern portion to the Planning Commission to clarify the area’s of the City. The note states “40 ac. min. lot size.” density. Therefore, at this time, the General Plan This note appears to relate to the following Update Land Use Map will not be revised to statement that appears in the existing General relabel the area Agriculture/Ranches–40, the Plan Land Use Element: Zoning Map will not be revised to relabel the area

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-13 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Agriculture-Ranch-40 (R-A-40), and the Zoning 2. Designate sites suitable for Very High Map will retain the existing zoning. Density Residential development to satisfy the City’s RHNA requirement; Consistent with the existing Zoning Map, the proposed Zoning Map disaggregates Commercial 3. Create a new Mixed Use land use category; uses into General Commercial, Freeway 4. Transfer residential density between sites Commercial, Neighborhood Commercial, and by moving unused density from existing Office Commercial categories; Business Park into institutional sites and from the Founders Business Park and Light Industrial categories; and High Density Residential site to sites Institutional into Institutional-Public and suitable for Mixed Use and Agriculture/ Institutional-Private. Ranches designations;

5. Convert PD zoning designations to 4.1.4 Thresholds of Significance traditional zoning consistent with existing Significant impacts relative to aesthetics or planned land uses and with Measure U; resources are evaluated in this section based on 6. Permit residential clustering in Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. Implemen- Agriculture/Ranches and Rural Residential tation of the proposed project may have a sites to protect environmental and visual significant adverse impact if it would do any of resources through the Site Plan Review the following: process; a) Physically divide an established community. 7. Correct land use designations for sites that b) Conflict with any applicable land use plan, have developed or are expected to develop policy, or regulation of an agency with at uses or densities that differ substantially jurisdiction over the project (including, but from their existing General Plan land use not limited to the general plan, specific category; and plan, local coastal program, or zoning 8. Correct mapping errors. ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental The proposed changes would not result in land effect. use changes to developed properties. The undeveloped properties affected by the proposed c) Conflict with any applicable habitat land use designation changes include portions of conservation plan or natural community Tres Hermanos, and the Higgins Brick and conservation plan. Overton Moore properties5. Each of these properties currently carries a Commercial zoning 4.1.5 Project Impacts designation and would be converted through the General Plan process to a multifamily residential Would the project: or Mixed Use designation. Each of these a) Physically divide an established community? properties is located along major arterial streets Impact Discussion adjacent to existing residential neighborhoods. Their transition to a multifamily or Mixed Use As discussed in Section 4.1.3, Project designation would not physically divide an Components Relevant to Land Use and Planning, established community. primary land use mapping and policy changes of the General Plan Update include:

1. Clarify open space designations; 5 The Overton Moore property was changed to Very High Density Residential by the City of Chino Hills City Council in February 2014.

Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-14 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Additional protection for established communities implementation of Municipal Code amend- is provided by proposed Land Use Element Goal ments to track setback and other develop- LU-2, “Balance Residential with Commercial, ment standards for residential properties Business and Public Land Uses” and its supporting within former Planned Development (PD) Policies and Actions that focus on protection of areas, and to allow for residential clustering the City’s residential character. The General Plan in the Agriculture/Ranches and Rural Update would not result in adverse physical Residential areas through the site plan review changes within or physically divide established process. communities. Measure U requires increases in residential density to be approved by a majority vote of Mitigation Measures the electorate of the City. However, Measure U None required allows for exceptions to satisfy Housing Element requirements and through a Impact Finding simultaneous transfer of land use designations between residential and non-residential Less than significant properties provided that the net effect of the transfer does not increase the total number of residential units allowed on the properties in Would the project: the transfer. As discussed in Section 4.1.32 b) Conflict with any applicable land use plan, above, increases in residential density policy, or regulation of an agency with juris- proposed through the General Plan Update are diction over the project (including, but not for the purposes of meeting the City’s RHNA limited to the general plan, specific plan, local obligation or through a transfer of densities coastal program, or zoning ordinance) between properties. The proposed transfer of adopted for the purpose of avoiding or densities does not increase the total number of mitigating an environmental effect? units allowed on the involved properties.

Impact Discussion Consequently, the proposed General Plan Local and regional plans are evaluated relative to Update will not result in a conflict with potential conflicts with the General Plan Update. applicable local plans.

Local Plans Regional Plans

The General Plan is the prevailing policy The proposed General Plan Update is consistent document directing land use and planning with SCAG’s regional land use planning goals within a municipality. If adopted, the General and strategies, as summarized in Table 4-5 – Plan Update would be the prevailing document Consistency with Regional Comprehensive Plan to which all other City plans, including Zoning, and Table 4-6– Consistency with Compass must conform. To ensure conformity of the Blueprint 2% Strategy. Zoning Map with the proposed General Plan The Chino Hills General Plan Update supports Land Use Map, an updated Zoning Map is and implements the Compass Blueprint 2% included as part of the Project. Strategy, as shown in Table 4-6 below. Proposed Land Use Element policies and

action provide for specific linkages between the General Plan and the City standards that implement them. For example, Policy LU-2.4 provides action that will result in subsequent

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-15 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-5 – Consistency with Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide (RCPG) RCPG Land Use and Housing Goals General Plan Update Land Use Element Consistency Provisions Focus growth in existing and emerging centers Action LU-2.5.3: Concentrate major business park and commercial uses, which represent a and along major transportation corridors potential employment base, near the Chino Valley Freeway corridor and along major arterials. Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density residential and mixed use development near commercial areas, major roadways and transit facilities. Create significant areas of mixed-use development Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development and walkable, “people-scaled” communities Action LU-5.1.1: Identify sites suitable for mixed use development within an existing urban service area and establish appropriate site specific standards to accommodate the mixed uses. Action LU-5.1.2: Identify mixed use development standards that support sustainable development. Action LU-5.1.5: Encourage development to incorporate pedestrian and bicycle trails, fitness areas and/or other facilities that promote healthy living. Provide new housing opportunities, with building Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development. types and locations that respond to the region’s Action LU-2.2.2: Continue to identify appropriate sites to meet the City’s RHNA allocation. changing demographics Action LU-2.2.3: To protect affordable housing options, discourage non-residential uses from locating in multifamily zones. Target growth in housing, employment and Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density residential and mixed use development near commercial development within walking distance commercial areas, major roadways and transit facilities. of existing and planned transit stations Inject new life into under-used areas by creating Action LU-2.5.5: Encourage the revitalization of existing commercial areas. vibrant new business districts, redeveloping old Action LU-4.1.2: Encourage rehabilitation or upgrade of aging residential, commercial and buildings and building new businesses and business-related areas and structures. housing on vacant lots Preserve existing, stable, single-family Policy LU- 3.1: Maintain the character and quality of existing neighborhoods. neighborhoods Action LU-3.1.3: To protect the character of low density residential neighborhoods, discourage non-residential uses that are of a size or scale substantially larger than a typical single family house Protect important open space, environmentally Policy LU-1.1: Preserve Chino Hill’s Rural Character by Limiting Intrusion of Development into sensitive areas and agricultural lands from Natural Open Spaces development Action LU-1.1.3: Ensure that new development conforms to the unique natural setting of each area and site, retaining the character of existing landforms and preserving significant native vegetation. Action LU-1.1.4: Continue to require ridgelines and natural slopes to be dedicated and maintained as open space as required by the Municipal Code. Action LU-1.1.5: Maintain open space requirements for new development based on the slope of the land as required by the Municipal Code; and require that a percentage of required open space be left in its natural state. Action LU-1.1.6: Cluster development where appropriate to minimize grading, and roadway and driveway intrusions into sensitive habitat areas, open spaces and Chino Hills State Park. Action LU-1.1.7: Discourage development on slopes over 30%. Action LU-1.1.8: Prohibit development on slopes over 40%. Action LU-1.1.9: Promote preservation of natural features such as streams, rock outcroppings, and unique vegetative clusters. Action LU-1.1.13: In areas adjacent to Chino Hills State Park, require substantial open space buffers between the proposed development and the Park. Action LU-1.1.14: Discourage development intrusions on biological resources. Action LU-1.1.16: Use designated fuel modification zones to buffer natural areas and new residential development. 1Source: Southern California Association of Governments, 2008 Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide, Land Use and Housing Chapter

Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-16 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-6– Consistency with Compass Blueprint 2% Strategy Compass Blueprint Strategies General Plan Update Consistency Land Use Element Provisions Increase the Region’s Mobility Action LU-5.1.3: Coordinate land use patterns with transportation plans to improve and • Encourage transportation investments and land protect air quality, and reduce vehicular trips. use decisions that are mutually supportive Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density residential and mixed use development near • Locate new housing near existing jobs and new commercial areas, major roadways and transit facilities. jobs near existing housing • Encourage transit oriented development Policy LU- 2.5: Promote land use patterns that support a regional jobs/housing balance. • Promote a variety of travel choices Action LU-5.1.5: Encourage development to incorporate pedestrian and bicycle trails, fitness areas and/or other facilities that promote healthy living. Enhance the Livability of Our Communities Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development • Promote infill development and redevelopment Action LU-5.1.1: Identify sites suitable for mixed use development within an existing urban to revitalize existing communities service area and establish appropriate site specific standards to accommodate the mixed • Promote mixed-use development uses. • Promote “people-scaled,” walkable communities Action LU-2.5.5: Encourage the revitalization of existing commercial areas. • Support preservation of stable neighborhoods Action LU-5.1.2: Identify mixed use development standards that support sustainable development. Action LU-4.1.2: Encourage rehabilitation or upgrade of aging residential, commercial, and business-related areas and structures. Policy LU- 3.1: Maintain the character and quality of existing neighborhoods Action LU-3.1.3: To protect the character of low density residential neighborhoods, discourage nonresidential uses that are of a size or scale substantially larger than a typical single family house. Enable Prosperity Action LU-2.2.3: To protect affordable housing options, discourage nonresidential uses from • Provide a variety of housing types in each locating in multifamily zones. community to meet the housing needs of all Action LU-2.2.2: Continue to identify appropriate sites to meet the City’s RHNA allocation. income levels • Support educational opportunities that promote Action LU-2.2.3: To protect affordable housing options, discourage nonresidential uses from balanced growth locating in multifamily zones. • Ensure environmental justice, regardless of Action LU-2.5.2: Create a broad range of employment opportunities for Chino Hills residents race, ethnicity, or income class that are compatible with the community's residential character and the skills and education of • Support local and state fiscal policies that Chino Hills' work force. encourage balanced growth • Encourage civic engagement Promote Sustainability for Future Generations Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development. • Develop strategies to accommodate growth Action LU-5.1.1: Identify sites suitable for mixed use development within an existing urban that use resources efficiently, and minimize service area and establish appropriate site specific standards to accommodate the mixed pollution and greenhouse gas emissions uses. • Preserve rural, agricultural, recreational, and environmentally sensitive areas Action LU-5.1.2: Identify mixed use development standards that support sustainable • Focus development in urban centers and development. existing cities Action LU-5.1.3: Coordinate land use patterns with transportation plans to improve and • Use “green” development techniques protect air quality, and reduce vehicular trips. [New] Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density residential and mixed use development near commercial areas, major roadways and transit facilities. [New] Action LU-5.1.5: Encourage development to incorporate pedestrian and bicycle trails, fitness areas and/or other facilities that promote healthy living. Policy LU-1.1: Preserve Chino Hill’s Rural Character by Limiting Intrusion of Development into Natural Open Spaces Action LU-1.1.6: Cluster development where appropriate to minimize grading, and roadway and driveway intrusions into sensitive habitat areas, open spaces and Chino Hills State Park. Action LU-1.1.9: Promote preservation of natural features such as streams, rock outcroppings, and unique vegetative clusters. Action LU-1.1.13: In areas adjacent to Chino Hills State Park, require substantial open space buffers between the proposed development and the Park. Action LU-1.1.14: Discourage development intrusions on biological resources.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-17 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

It is also noted that the proposed General Plan The RTP/SCS underestimates the City’s Update incorporates the City’s adopted growth and may, therefore, underestimate Housing Element policies, which include land long range regional transportation system use changes to Very High Density Residential needs related to that growth. RTP/SCS (VHDR), providing for an additional 780 projections should have been based on the multifamily residential units. Additionally, the General Plan Land Use Plans for each county updated General Plan creates a new Mixed Use and city in the SCAG region, including Chino category to help meet sustainability goals Hills. As shown in Table 4-8 and detailed in involving reduced vehicle trips and enhanced Table 2-3, build-out under the City’s existing walkability between commercial and residential General Plan is very similar to that proposed areas. Two sites have been designated as by the General Plan Update. The differences Mixed Use that are intended to foster between the City’s existing and proposed development of a mixture of medium-high General Plan include an increase of 780 density multifamily housing (at 14 to 50 residential units to meet the City’s RHNA dwelling units per acre) and community- obligation, and a decrease of 269,000 square serving commercial uses, and would be feet of non-residential square feet due to the designed to incorporate elements of walkability redesignation of the Higgins Brick site from and connectivity, as well as inviting and Commercial to Mixed Use and the Overton functional public spaces. Moore site from Institutional to Very High Density Residential.7 SCAG’s Regional Transportation Plan/ Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS) Table 4-8 – Comparison of General Plan Update also contains growth projections for the region Development to Existing General Plan Development and the City of Chino Hills.6 Table 4-7 – SCAG Growth Projections and Chino Hills General Plan General Plan Existing Update General Plan Update Build-out Projections. The City expects Development Development Difference to achieve full development of the updated land Total number of 29,600 28,820 780 use plan by the year 2035. As shown in Table residential units 4-7, Chino Hills General Plan Update Total square footage 7,980,692 8,249,692 -269,000 projections for population, households, and of nonresidential employment exceed those presented in the RTP/SCS by 17%, 11%, and 2% respectively. SCAG is initiating an update of the RTP/SCS, which will cover the 2016-2040 planning Table 4-7 – SCAG Growth Projections and Chino Hills General Plan Update Build-out Projections period. General Plan Update policies support coordination with regional planning efforts. City of Chino Percent Adopted SCAG Hills Difference City of Chino Build-out Chino Hills Hills Forecasts Projections Projections vs. 7 Square footage decrease for the Higgins Brick site is Forecast Year 2035 (Year 2035) SCAG calculated by subtracting the 14,500 square feet of Population 78,400 94,895* 17% Commercial proposed under the General Plan Update Households 25,600 29,600 14% Mixed Use designation from the potential square Employment 12,900 13,113 2% footage of 97,000 square feet that would be expected *Population is estimated based on vacancy rate and average household to occur under its current General Plan land use size from the 2013 Department of Finance City/County Population and Housing Estimates as of January 1, 2013. designation of Commercial (97,000-14,500=82,500 square feet). Square footage decrease for the Overton

Moore site is calculated by subtracting the 186,500 non-residential square feet that would be expected to 6 Correspondence from Jonathan Nadler, Manager, occur under its current Institutional General Plan land Compliance and Performance Assessment, SCAG, use designation or its Service Commercial (Planned June 24, 2013; contained in Appendix B Development) zoning designation.

Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-18 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

To augment this support, Mitigation Measure to facilitate the conservation of the park’s open LU-1 will be implemented to ensure the space resources. Mr. Krueper requested that the updated RTP/SCS correctly incorporates the Draft EIR incorporate Figure 6 from the Chino Hills City of Chino Hills General Plan Update State Park General Plan, which illustrates the projections. This measure would avoid management zones. Figure 4-1 below shows that conflicts with RTP/SCS growth forecasts. the western portion of the State Park, which is located within the City’s incorporate boundaries, Mitigation Measure contains designated “core habitat” and “natural open space.” LU-1 City of Chino Hills Community Development Department shall work closely with SANBAG Recognizing that Chino Hills State Park is a and SCAG to ensure the 2016-2040 unique resource within the City, the proposed RTP/SCS correctly incorporates the City of Land Use Plan and the Zoning Map continue to Chino Hills General Plan Update land use give the park its own land use designation. The projections for population, households, and proposed Land Use Element describes the State employment. This coordination shall occur Park land use designation as: with each subsequent cycle of updates to The State Park designation encompasses the RTP/SCS. properties that are within the City boundaries but are owned and operated by the Chino Impact Finding Hills State Park. Primary use within the State Less than significant with mitigation Park is natural open space. Appropriate secondary and accessory uses include trails, visitor facilities, ranger facilities, utilities that Would the project: do not substantially degrade park use or c) Conflict with any applicable habitat viewsheds, and roads to serve the park and conservation plan or natural community ancillary facilities. conservation plan? Provisions of the proposed Land Use Element Impact Discussion seek to buffer the State Park from development, include: Chino Hills State Park is a 14,102-acre land preserve, 7,366 acres of which are within the Action LU-1.1.6: Cluster development where City’s boundaries. It is located in a group of hills appropriate to minimize grading, and that include the Puente Hills to the northwest. roadway and driveway intrusions into sensitive habitat areas, open spaces, and In a June 20, 2013 letter, Ron Krueper, District Chino Hills State Park. Superintendent, Inland Empire District, State of California Department of Parks and Recreation, Action LU-1.1.13: In areas adjacent to Chino states that the park exists primarily to preserve Hills State Park, require substantial open the natural landscape features, its biological space buffers between the proposed diversity, and low impact recreation. 8 Therefore, development and the Park. grazing of any kind is strictly prohibited within the Action LU-1.2.5: Develop new development in park. Chino Hills State Park is governed by its own such a way that it is not visible from the General Plan, which identifies management zones visitor center, the campgrounds, the parking areas, and the floors of Aliso, Telegraph and 8 Correspondence from Ron Krueper, California tributary canyons within the Chino Hills State Department of Parks and Recreation, June 20, 2013; Park. [Existing Policy 1-22] contained in Appendix B

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-19 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-1 – Management Zones, Chino Hills State Park General Plan

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-20 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The Project supports the conservation of Chino habitat conservation plans. The updated plan Hills State Park and does not conflict with the would thus not contribute to any cumulative Chino Hills State Park General Plan. No other impacts involving these two issues. With Habitat Conservation Plans occur within the Mitigation Measure LU-1, the long-term growth planning area. forecasts associated with the updated plan would be incorporated into the next updates of the Mitigation Measure SCAG and SANBAG regional plans and programs; therefore, the General Plan Update would not None required result in a significant cumulative impact involving consistency with local or regional plans. Impact Finding Mitigation Measure No impact LU-1 City of Chino Hills Community Develop- ment Department shall work closely with 4.1.6 Cumulative Impacts SANBAG and SCAG to ensure the 2016- Impact Discussion 2040 RTP/SCS correctly incorporates the City of Chino Hills General Plan Update The proposed General Plan Update retains the land use projections for population, overall land use densities and goals and policies households, and employment. This of the existing General Plan. Cumulative impacts coordination shall occur with each of the General Plan Update related to land use subsequent cycle of updates to the and planning issues would be those that RTP/SCS. cumulatively divide an established community, or cumulatively conflict with applicable land use plans or conservation plans. As discussed earlier Impact Finding in this section, the General Plan Update would not Less than significant with mitigation result in physical divisions of an established community and would not conflict with any

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.1 – Land Use and Planning page 4-21

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

haphazard development because its hilly

4.2 Aesthetics topography had made tract subdivisions too expensive. In 1979, at the urging of residents and This section addresses issues related to existing property owners of what would become the City aesthetics and visual resources currently found of Chino Hills, the County initiated preparation of within the Planning Area. The visual resources of the Chino Hills Specific Plan, a document that an area include the features of its landforms, planned for the eventual development of 18,000 vegetation, water surfaces, and cultural modifica- acres of Chino Hills land. The Specific Plan called tions (physical changes caused by human for clustered residential development in order to activities) that give the landscape its visually protect as much open space as possible. aesthetics qualities. Landscape features, natural Commercial development was slated along the appearing or otherwise, form the overall Highway 71 corridor and major arterials. impression of an area. This impression is referred to as “visual character.” Visual character is studied Following the City’s incorporation in 1991, it as a point of reference to assess whether a given incorporated its goals for protecting its open project would appear compatible with the spaces and rural character into its General Plan. established features of the setting or would Municipal Code §16.08, General Design contrast noticeably and unfavorably with them. Regulations, contains specific provisions that protect the City’s visual resources, including its Visual resources also have a social setting, which hillsides and diverse topographic forms. This includes public expectations, values, goals, section also provides a definition of the City’s awareness, and concern regarding visual quality. important visual resources, which are the This social setting is addressed as “visual exceptionally prominent ridgelines, prominent sensitivity,” the relative degree of public interest ridgelines, and knolls, discussed below in visual resources and concern over adverse changes in the quality of that resource. As applied to visual impact analyses, sensitivity 4.2.2 Regulatory Framework refers to public attitudes and experiences of 1. General Plan specific views, or interrelated views, and is key to The existing General Plan addresses preservation identifying critical public views, assessing how of open space, canyons, hillsides, and ridgelines important a visual impact may be, and whether it within its Land Use Element, Conservation represents a significant impact. Element and Parks, Recreation and Open Space Element. 4.2.1 Existing Conditions The City is located in southeastern San 2. Municipal Code Bernardino County, and is generally characterized The City of Chino Hills Municipal Code contains by its open spaces, canyons, hills, and ridgelines. design regulations that regulate the aesthetics Open space in the City consists of a total 12,181 quality of new development with respect to acres, comprising 45% of the entire City area. structures, signs, walls, landscaping, street These open space acres define the visual widths, and street lighting. character of the City. Municipal Code §16.08, General Design Prior to its incorporation, the City was part of Regulations, defines the City’s important visual unincorporated San Bernardino County, where resources, which are the exceptionally prominent expanses of flat and inexpensive land were being ridgelines, prominent ridgelines, and knolls. converted to haphazardly developed residential Figure 15-1 within §16.08.20 illustrates the tracts. Most of the City had been protected from

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.2 – Aesthetics page 4-23 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

location of these resources, and §16.08.30 2. Prominent ridgelines, view windows, and defines the resources as follows: viewsheds as defined in §16.08 (see above). Exceptionally Prominent Ridgelines are defined as ridgelines that, by virtue of their scale, mass, and Municipal Code §16.50, Grading Regulations, visual presence form the limits of the most establishes grading standards and guidelines to exceptional viewsheds of the City, and are preserve the hillside character of the community. typically 400 feet above their associated primary The grading standards address overall shape, view point(s). The primary viewpoints are from height, and grade of any cut or fill slope; angle of the following transportation the graded slope; and landscaping of graded corridors/thoroughfares. slopes.

1. Chino Valley Freeway (SR-71) Municipal Code §16.90, Tree Preservation, 2. Carbon Canyon Road (SR-142) contains provisions to maintain, preserve, and 3. Butterfield Ranch Road protect certain species of trees and certain 4. Soquel Canyon Parkway mature trees within the City, and to act as a guide 5. Chino Hills Parkway when replacement or relocation of certain trees is 6. Peyton Drive determined to be necessary. The specific trees to 7. Woodview Road be protected are: 8. Eucalyptus Avenue 1. Native Tree includes California Sycamore; 9. Tonner Canyon Road California Live Oak; California Black 10. Grand Avenue Walnut; Coastal Scrub Oak that has a Prominent Ridgelines are defined as ridgelines four-inch in diameter or greater at breast that form the limits of significant viewsheds and height (DBH or four feet six inches above provide a natural backdrop when viewed from the finish grade). primary view point(s). Although they vary 2. Heritage Tree includes any species of considerably in scale, width, scope, length, single- or multi-trunk tree having a alignment, accessibility, and relationship to cumulative diameter of 44 inches or adjacent land uses, they are typically 200 feet greater at DBH, and of significant age, above their associated primary view point(s). health, and quality to be deemed valuable A Prominent Knoll is defined as a highly visible to the aesthetics of the community by a hill or hilltop that provides a point of orientation City-approved certified arborist. Excluded or reference for the observer. It is generally a from the Heritage Tree designation are feature of significance within an area, rather than invasive trees as defined by the California one of community-wide importance. Invasive Plant Council, and trees susceptible to breaking or falling such as Municipal Code §16.30, Scenic Resources Overlay the Eucalyptus Blue Gum and/or other District, provides provisions to protect, preserve, tree species identified by a City-approved and enhance the aesthetics resources of the City certified arborist. within the following locations. Additional protection is being afforded such trees 1. Areas within 200 feet on both sides of the because they are natural aesthetics resources that ultimate road right of way of state and help define the character of the City. Together, all city-designated scenic highways, including these listed trees are worthy of protection in those designated by the state as order to preserve the natural environment and to candidates for a scenic highway protect the City's native plant life heritage. These designation. trees are unique because of their species and/or

Section 4.2 – Aesthetics Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-24 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

size, which add to the distinction, character, and ridgelines, knolls, significant open spaces, or environmental quality of the community. It is important visual resources as identified in the pertinent to the welfare of the community that Municipal Code. [Existing Policy 1-17] such trees be protected from indiscriminate Action LU-1.1.3: Ensure that new develop- harmful action. ment conforms to the unique natural setting of each area and site, retaining the character 4.2.3 Project Components Relevant to of existing landforms and preserving Aesthetics significant native vegetation. [Existing Policy 1. Proposed General Plan Update Goals, 1-12] Policies, and Actions Action LU-1.1.4: Continue to require Protection of the City’s visual resources is ridgelines and natural slopes to be dedicated addressed in the proposed Land Use Element and maintained as open space as required by Update and the proposed Conservation Element the Municipal Code. [Existing Policy 1-5 Update. As required by §65302(d) of the modified] California Government Code, the Conservation Action LU-1.1.5: Maintain open space Element addresses the conservation, develop- requirements for new development based on ment, and utilization of natural resources. the slope of the land as required by the Within the proposed General Plan Update Land Municipal Code; and require that a percentage Use and Conservation Elements, the following of required open space be left in its natural goals, policies, and actions would apply to state. [Existing Policy 1-13] aesthetics. Many of these provisions are carried Action LU-1.1.6: Cluster development where forward from the existing General Plan Land Use appropriate to minimize grading, and Element, and have been updated for readability roadway and driveway intrusions into and/or to better reflect current and expected sensitive habitat areas, open spaces, and conditions. The list below indicates which goals, Chino Hills State Park. [Existing Policy 1-14 policies, and actions are from existing provisions modified] and which are new. Action LU-1.1.7: Discourage development on slopes over 30%. [Existing Principal 2] Land Use Element Update Action LU-1.1.8: Strongly discourage Goal LU-1: Protect Chino Hills’ Natural development on slopes over 40%. [Existing Environment [Existing Major Goal 4] Principal 2] Policy LU-1.1: Preserve Chino Hills’ Rural Action LU-1.1.9: Promote preservation of Character by Limiting Intrusion of Development natural features such as streams, rock into Natural Open Spaces [Existing Major Goal 1 outcroppings, and unique vegetative clusters. and Focused Goal 1-1 modified] [Existing Principal 1-h] Action LU-1.1.1: Continue to monitor, Action LU-1.1.10: Use dedicated open space, enforce, and update as required the adopted as opposed to built barriers, as a buffer City hillside development standards. [Existing between development areas, wherever Policy 2-1 modified] possible. [Existing Policy 1-4] Action LU-1.1.2: Discourage new Action LU-1.1.11: Require contour grading, development from obstructing public views of and encourage grading techniques that extremely prominent ridgelines, prominent simulate the varied gradients and rounded

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.2 – Aesthetics page 4-25 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

contours of natural landforms. [Existing tributary canyons within the Chino Hills State Policy 1-15] Park. [Existing Policy 1-22]

Action LU-1.1.12: Design roads and Action LU-1.2.6: Dedicate and maintain driveways for hillside residential development landscaped areas as required by the City. that conforms to existing topography and [Existing Policy 1-5 modified] that minimizes grading and retaining walls. [Existing Policy 1-16] Goal LU-2: Balance Residential with Commercial, Action LU-1.1.13: In areas adjacent to Chino Business, and Public Land Uses [New] Hills State Park, require substantial open Policy LU- 2.2: Ensure balanced residential space buffers between the proposed development. development and the Park. [New] Action LU-2.2.1: To protect environmental Policy LU-1.2: Preserve and enhance the and visual resources within Agriculture/ aesthetics resources of Chino Hills, including the Ranches and Rural Residential properties, City’s unique natural resources, roadside views, residential lots may be clustered and and scenic resources. [Existing Focused Goal 1-2 minimum lot size may be reduced provided modified] the overall residential density of the property is not increased. [New] Action LU-1.2.1: Continue to protect City- designated extremely prominent ridgelines, Policy LU-2.3: Ensure that public land uses and prominent ridgelines, and knolls from utilities blend with surrounding development. intrusion by development. [Existing Policy Action LU-2.3.1: Require underground 1-20 modified] utilities for all new development. [Existing Action LU-1.2.2: Require buildings to be Policy 1-8] designed and to utilize materials and colors Action LU-2.3.2: Locate and design public to blend with the natural terrain in hillside facilities to ensure visual and functional areas and adjacent to public open spaces, compatibility with adjacent residential and extremely prominent ridgelines, prominent commercial land uses. [New] ridgelines, knolls, or important visual resources as identified in the Municipal Code. Action LU-2.3.3: Require all utilities to be [Existing Policy 1-19 modified] designed and installed in a manner that minimizes visual and environmental impacts. Action LU-1.2.3: In conjunction with project [New] development, contour disturbed areas that are to be retained as open space to blend with Goal LU-4: Provide for Excellence in Urban Design natural slopes, and revegetate the open space [Existing Focused Goal 2-5] with native plants. [Existing Policy 1-19] Policy LU-4.1: Promote high quality development. Action LU-1.2.4: Minimize the visual bulk of [Existing Major Goal 1 modified]. new development through implementation of the City residential and non-residential Action LU-4.1.1: Continually monitor and design guidelines. [Existing Policy 1-21 amend, as necessary, the design guidelines modified] for all types of development. [Existing Policy 2-4 modified] Action LU-1.2.5: Develop new development in such a way that it is not visible from the Action LU-4.1.2: Encourage rehabilitation or visitor center, the campgrounds, the parking upgrade of aging residential, commercial, and areas, and the floors of Aliso, Telegraph and business-related areas and structures. [New]

Section 4.2 – Aesthetics Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-26 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Action LU-4.1.3: Screen negative views Action CN-1.1.1: Protect identified extremely through site planning, architectural, and prominent ridgelines, prominent ridgelines, landscape devices. [New] and knolls. [Existing Focused Goal 1-1 and 1-2, merged and modified] Action LU-4.1.4: Ensure that all development within a recognized residential tract is of Action CN-1.1.2: Preserve the character of comparable or superior exterior design and natural open spaces by integrating existing materials and in accordance with City natural features into new development. [New] residential design guidelines to prevent Action CN-1.1.3: Preserve as much open partially completed residential tracts from space as possible along canyon roadways being completed in a manner that is not such as Carbon Canyon, Soquel Canyon, and aesthetically compatible with existing the canyons adjacent to Chino Hills State portions of the tract. [Existing Policy 2-6 Park. [Existing Policy 1-2] modified] Action CN-1.1.4: Keep canyon floors as close Policy LU- 4.2: Utilize extensive landscaping to as close as possible to their natural condition beautify Chino Hills’ urbanized areas. [Existing to accommodate natural periodic flooding, Objective 2-2 modified] wildlife habitat, and native riparian plants. Action LU-4.2.1: Continually monitor and [Existing Policy 1-3, modified] upgrade the City Landscape Standards. [New] Action CN-1.1.5: In canyon areas committed Action LU-4.2.2: Require landscaping to be to development, emphasize the retention of continuously maintained in good condition. natural topographic features, and require low [New] visual profiles and dense vegetation for buildings. [Existing Policy 1-4] Action LU-4.2.3: Promote landscape materials that consist of drought-resistant plant Action CN-1.1.6: Encourage natural contour varieties complementary to the area. [New] grading. [New]

Policy LU-4.3: Promote high-quality public Action CN-1.1.7: Use existing trees and spaces. [New] additional tree planting to blend new development and manufactured slopes with Action LU-4.3.1: Maintain high-quality the natural setting, especially in highly visible streetscape design for major corridors into locations. [Existing Policy 1-6 modified] and through the City. [Existing Objective 2-1 and Policy 2-5 modified] Action CN-1.1.8: Preserve existing significant trees where feasible, and extensively plant Action LU-4.3.2: Maintain enhanced signage new trees consistent with City tree policies. and landscape treatments at major entrances [New] to the City. [Existing Policy 2-3 modified] Policy CN-1.2: Preserve and protect Chino Hills’ Conservation Element Update biological resources. [New]

Goal CN-1: Preserve Chino Hills’ Rural Character Action CN-1.2.1: Preserve natural open [Existing Major Goal 1] spaces that act as wildlife corridors. [Existing Policy 1-1, modified] Policy CN-1.1: Preserve and protect Chino Hills’ rural and natural scenic qualities. [Existing Action CN-1.2.2: Discourage new develop- Policy 1-1, modified] ment in areas that contain sensitive, rare, or endangered species, oak woodlands,

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.2 – Aesthetics page 4-27 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

chaparral, and riparian habitats. [Existing including those designated by the state as Objective 2-1] candidates for a scenic highway designation; and b) prominent ridgelines, view windows, and Action CN-1.2.3: Preserve oak woodlands, viewsheds. riparian areas, and fresh water marshes to the maximum extent feasible. [Existing Policy No scenic highways within Chino Hills have been 2-2] designated by the state or the City. There are no Action CN-1.2.4: Require City approval to candidates for scenic highway designation. remove trees that, in the opinion of the City, Consequently, the scenic corridor aspect of the function as an important part of the City’s or overlay district is not carried forward in the a neighborhood’s aesthetics character. General Plan Update, which further states that [Existing Policy 2-4 modified] subsequent updates to the Municipal Code will correct this inconsistency. There are no impacts to scenic resources associated with scenic 4.2.4 Thresholds of Significance corridors. Significant impacts relative to aesthetics As noted earlier, §16.08 of the Chino Hills resources are evaluated in this section based on Municipal Code defines scenic resources as Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. Implementa- prominent ridgelines, view windows, and tion of the proposed project may have a viewsheds, and contains maps and policies to significant adverse impact if it would do any of protect these resources. Aspects of the Scenic the following: Corridor overlay district applicable to ridgelines, a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a knolls, and important visual resources are carried scenic resource. forward in the Land Use Element and the b) Substantially damage scenic resources, Conservation Element of the General Plan Update, including, but not limited to, trees, rock most specifically in above-listed Actions outcroppings, and historic buildings LU-1.1.2, LU-1.1.4, LU-1.2.1, LU-1.2.2, and within a State scenic highway. CN-1.1.1. c) Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its Mitigation Measure surroundings. None required d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare that would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area. Impact Finding No impact 4.2.5 Project Impacts

Would the project: Would the project: a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic b) Substantially damage scenic resources, vista? including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a Impact Discussion state scenic highway? As discussed above, §16.30 of the Municipal Impact Discussion Code, Scenic Resources Overlay District, scenic resources include: a) areas within 200 feet on There are no existing or proposed state scenic both sides of the ultimate road right of way of highways in the City. Consequently, future state and City-designated scenic highways, development of the City pursuant to the General

Section 4.2 – Aesthetics Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-28 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Plan Update would not adversely affect scenic only limited changes to development of currently resources, including but not limited to trees, rock undeveloped properties. outcroppings, and historic buildings within a Provisions of the General Plan Update carry state scenic highway. forward existing General Plan provisions that protect the City’s visual resources and provide for Mitigation Measure excellence in urban design. Goal LU-1 and its None required supporting policies and actions, listed above, provide specific provisions to ensure that the Impact Finding visual character of the City’s natural environment is protected. Goal LU-4 and its supporting No impact policies and actions, listed above, provide specific provisions to ensure that future development is of high aesthetics quality, including the scale, Would the project: massing, and character of buildings, site design, c) Would the project substantially degrade the and landscaping. Consequently, potential adverse existing visual character or quality of the site impacts to visual character and quality would not and its surroundings? be significant. Impact Discussion Mitigation Measure Degradation of the visual character or quality of an area typically occurs when a development None required disturbs the natural environment or is unsuitable to the density and appearance of the surrounding Impact Finding community. At a General Plan level, adverse impacts are typically associated with one or more Less than significant of the following factors:

1. A substantial increase in the amount of Would the project natural open space to be graded or d) Would the project create a new source of developed. substantial light or glare that would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? 2. Removal or alteration of existing natural or built features that have visual elements Impact Discussion that are substantially valued by the The City is nearing build-out. Future development community. pursuant to the General Plan Update will add only 3. Lack of effective integration with incrementally to the existing background light proposed structures and the surrounding levels already present in the residential and environment. commercial areas of the City.

The City is nearing build-out. Seventy-seven Commercial development generates most of the percent of non-residential properties are exterior lighting, including parking area lighting, developed, and 80% of residential properties are illuminated signs, security lighting and developed. The General Plan Update proposes automobile headlights associated with nighttime minor land use changes that are not expected to customer and employee traffic. Future increases result in changes to developed properties, and in commercial development would occur along the SR-71 Freeway and major arterials, areas that are already substantially developed and have

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.2 – Aesthetics page 4-29 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

substantial nighttime traffic. New sources of light Impact Finding and glare could include headlights from cars Less than significant with mitigation entering and leaving new commercial centers and illuminated signs from new commercial establishments. 4.2.6 Cumulative Impacts

Performance standards in Municipal Code Impact Discussion §16.48.040 require that for any new Compliance with and conformity to adopted development, “all lights and glare associated with Municipal Code regulations, and implementation operations and illuminated signs shall be shielded of adopted and proposed General Plan policies or directed so as to not illuminate adjacent and actions, are intended to ensure that future properties or cause glare to motorist.” In addition, development occurs in an aesthetically pleasing standard conditions of approval applied by the manner that is compatible with the visual City for new multifamily and non-residential character and quality of the City’s natural and development require that exterior building and built environments. The General Plan Update parking lot lighting be designed to confine contains provisions intended to preserve open illumination within the project site. Light spill space and scenic natural resources, protect views outside the property of origin is prohibited. onto open spaces and scenic resources, and To ensure that these standard conditions of ensure visual compatibility with surrounding approval restricting spillover light are added to all areas. To further support these provisions, new multifamily and non-residential develop- Mitigation Measure AE-1 will formalize existing ment, Mitigation Measure AE-1 is applied to the practices to prevent adverse impacts relative to light and glare. As a result, the General Plan Project. Update would not create a significant adverse cumulative impact relative to aesthetics. Mitigation Measure

The following mitigation measure is Mitigation Measures recommended for inclusion to the Project. This measure would reduce potential impacts None required associated with light and glare to less than significant levels: Impact Finding

AE-1 All new multifamily and non-residential Less than significant development shall be required to prevent

light spill beyond the property of origin, by ensuring that outdoor illumination levels do not exceed zero foot-candles at the property line.

Section 4.2 – Aesthetics Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-30 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The usually mild climatological pattern is

4.3 Air Quality occasionally interrupted by hot dry easterly winds that are regionally called “Santa Ana” winds. This section examines potential air quality These winds typically occur during late summer impacts in terms of construction emissions and or early fall months, pushing air pollutants long-term operational emissions associated with westward out to sea, resulting in good air quality the full build-out of the proposed General Plan for Chino Hills and other Basin inland Update. Much of the information and analysis communities. presented in this section is condensed from the Air Quality Study prepared for the General Plan Update and contained in Appendix C of this EIR. 4.3.2 Regulatory Framework 1. Air Pollution Regulation 4.3.1 Existing Conditions The federal and state governments have authority 1. Geographic Setting under the federal and state Clean Air Acts to regulate emissions of airborne pollutants and The City of Chino Hills (City) is located within the have established ambient air quality standards South Coast Air Basin (Basin) which includes parts (AAQS) for the protection of public health. The of San Bernardino, Los Angeles, Riverside, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the Orange counties. The City is located approxi- federal agency designated to administer air mately 40 miles east of the Pacific Ocean with the quality regulation, while the California Air San Gabriel Mountains to the north, the San Resources Board (ARB) is the state equivalent in Bernardino Mountains to the north and east, and California. Federal and state standards have been the San Jacinto Mountains to the east. established for six criteria pollutants, including 3 2. Climate ozone (O ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulates Weather patterns in the City, similar to the other less than 10 microns and less than 2.5 microns in

areas in the Basin, are heavily influenced by a diameter (PM10 and PM2.5), and lead (Pb). semi-permanent high-pressure system west of Characteristics of each of these pollutants are the Pacific coast. The Mediterranean climate of described below. the region and the coastal influence produce • moderate temperatures year round, with rainfall Ozone. Ozone is produced by a photo- concentrated in the winter months. Average chemical reaction (triggered by sunlight) annual precipitation in the City is 11 inches, between nitrogen oxides (NOX) and reactive falling primarily during the winter months. organic gases (ROG). ROGs are photo- Average temperature is a high of 76 degrees chemically reactive chemical gases, composed Fahrenheit (ºF) and a low of 55°F.9 The sea of non-methane hydrocarbons that may breeze, which is the predominant wind, is a contribute to the formation of smog. Nitrogen primary factor in creating this climate and oxides are formed during the combustion of typically flows from the west-southwest in a day- fuels, while ROGs are formed during night cycle with speeds generally ranging from 5 combustion and evaporation of organic to 15 miles per hour. solvents. Because ozone requires sunlight to form, it mostly occurs in concentrations considered serious between the months of 9 http://www.meoweather.com/history/ April and October. Ozone is a pungent, United%20States / na/ 33.8936111/- colorless, toxic gas with direct health effects 117.7263889/Chino%20Hills.html;accessed on humans, including respiratory and eye 10/31/13 irritation and possible changes in lung

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.3 – Air Quality page 4-31 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

functions. Groups most sensitive to ozone individuals with bronchitis or emphysema, include children, the elderly, people with children, and the elderly. Sulfur dioxide is respiratory disorders, and people who also a primary contributor to acid rain, which exercise strenuously outdoors. causes acidification of lakes and streams and can damage trees, crops, historic buildings, • Carbon Monoxide. CO is a local pollutant that and statues. In addition, sulfur compounds in is found in high concentrations only near the the air contribute to visibility impairment in source. The major source of carbon large parts of the country. This is especially monoxide, a colorless, odorless, poisonous noticeable in national parks. gas, is automobile traffic. Elevated

concentrations, therefore, are usually only • Suspended Particulates. PM10 is particulate found near areas of high traffic volumes. matter measuring no more than 10 microns in

Carbon monoxide’s health effects are related diameter, while PM2.5 is fine particulate matter to its affinity for hemoglobin in the blood. At measuring no more than 2.5 microns in high concentrations, carbon monoxide diameter. Suspended particulates are mostly reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood, dust particles, nitrates, and sulfates. Both

causing heart difficulties in people with PM10 and PM2.5 are by-products of fuel chronic diseases, reduced lung capacity, and combustion and wind erosion of soil and impaired mental abilities. unpaved roads, and are directly emitted into the atmosphere through these processes. • Nitrogen Dioxide. NO2 is a by-product of fuel Suspended particulates are also created in the combustion, with the primary source being atmosphere through chemical reactions. The motor vehicles and industrial boilers and characteristics, sources, and potential health furnaces. The principal form of nitrogen oxide effects associated with the small particulates produced by combustion is nitric oxide (NO), (those between 2.5 and 10 microns in but NO reacts rapidly to form NO2, creating diameter) and fine particulates (PM2.5) can be the mixture of NO and NO2 commonly called very different. NOX. Nitrogen dioxide is an acute irritant. A

relationship between NO2 and chronic The small particulates generally come from pulmonary fibrosis may exist, and an increase windblown dust and dust kicked up from in bronchitis in young children at concen- mobile sources. The fine particulates are trations below 0.3 parts per million (ppm) generally associated with combustion may occur. Nitrogen dioxide absorbs blue processes as well as being formed in the light and causes a reddish brown cast to the atmosphere as a secondary pollutant through atmosphere and reduced visibility. It can also chemical reactions. Fine particulate matter is

contribute to the formation of PM10 and acid more likely to penetrate deeply into the lungs rain. and poses a health threat to all groups, but particularly to the elderly, children, and those • Sulfur Dioxide. SO2 is released primarily from with respiratory problems. More than half of burning fuels that contain sulfur (such as the small and fine particulate matter that is coal, oil, and diesel fuel). Stationary sources inhaled into the lungs remains there. These such as coal- and oil-fired power plants, steel materials can damage health by interfering mills, refineries, pulp and paper mills, and with the body’s mechanisms for clearing the nonferrous smelters are the largest releasers. respiratory tract or by acting as carriers of an High concentrations of sulfur dioxide affect absorbed toxic substance. breathing and may aggravate existing respiratory and cardiovascular disease. • Lead. Lead is a gray-white metal that is soft, Sensitive populations include asthmatics, malleable, ductile, and resistant to corrosion.

Section 4.3 – Air Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-32 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Sources of lead resulting in concentrations in enforcing standards and regulating stationary the air include industrial sources and crustal sources. The ARB has established 14 air basins weathering of soils, followed by fugitive dust statewide. The City is located within the South emissions. Health effects from exposure to Coast Air Basin (Basin), which is under the lead include brain and kidney damage and jurisdiction of the South Coast Air Quality learning disabilities. Lead is the only Management District (SCAQMD). The SCAQMD is substance that is currently listed as both a required to monitor air pollutant levels to ensure criteria air pollutant and a toxic air that air quality standards are met and, if they are contaminant. not met, to develop strategies to meet the standards. Depending on whether the standards Table 4-9 lists the current federal and state are met or exceeded, the local air basin is classified standards for each of these pollutants. Standards as being in “attainment” or “non-attainment.” The have been set at levels intended to be protective Basin is a non-attainment area for the federal and of public health. California standards are more state standards for ozone, PM10, and PM2.5, as well restrictive than federal standards for each of as the state standard for NO2. The Basin is in these pollutants except lead and the 8-hour attainment for the state and federal standards for average for CO. CO and SOX. For lead, only the Los Angeles County Table 4-9 – Current Federal and State Ambient portion of the basin is in non-attainment. Air Quality Standards Averaging Federal Primary California 4.3.4 Air Quality Management Plan Pollutant Time Standards Standard Ozone 1-hour --- 0.09 ppm Under state law, the SCAQMD is required to 8-hour 0.075 µg/m3 0.070 µg/m3 prepare a plan for air quality improvement for 3 3 PM10 24-hour 150 µg/m 50 µg/m pollutants for which the District is in non- annual -- 20 µg/m3 compliance. The SCAQMD updates the plan every PM2.5 24-hour 35 µg/m3 --- annual 12 µg/m3 12 µg/m3 three years. Each iteration of the SCAQMD’s Air Carbon 8-hour 9.0 ppm 9.0 ppm Quality Management Plan (AQMP) is an update of Monoxide 1-hour 35.0 ppm 20.0 ppm the previous plan and has a 20-year horizon. The Nitrogen annual 0.053 ppm 0.030 ppm most recently adopted AQMP is the 2012 AQMP, Dioxide 1-hour 0.100 ppm 0.18 ppm which was adopted in December 2012. The AQMP Sulfur 24-hour --- 0.04 ppm Dioxide 3-hour 0.5 ppm (secondary) --- demonstrates attainment of the federal 24-hour 1-hour 0.075 ppm (primary) 0.25 ppm PM2.5 standard by 2014 through adoption of all Lead 30-day average --- 1.5 µg/m3 feasible measures and updates the EPA approved 3-month average 0.15 µg/m3 --- 8-hour ozone control plan with new measures. ppm = parts per million; µg/m3 = micrograms per cubic meter Source: California Air Resources Board, The Final 2012 AQMP is proposing a control http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/aaqs/aaqs2.pdf, last updated June 2012; strategy that includes emissions reductions from EPA Particulate Matter (PM) Regulatory Actions, March 2013. http://www.epa.gov/pm/actions.html stationary and mobile sources. The proposed stationary source control measures in the Final 2012 AQMP are based on implementation of all

4.3.3 Air Quality Management feasible control measures through the application Local control in air quality management is provided of available cleaner technologies, best management by the ARB through county-level or regional (multi- practices, and incentive programs, as well as county) Air Pollution Control Districts (APCDs). The development and implementation of zero- and ARB establishes air quality standards and is near-zero technologies and control methods. The responsible for control of mobile emissions stationary source control measures presented in sources, while the local APCDs are responsible for the Plan are proposed to further reduce emissions

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.3 – Air Quality page 4-33 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

from both point sources (permitted facilities) and The SCAQMD operates a network of air quality area sources (generally small and non-permitted) monitoring stations throughout the South Coast Air in addition to smaller permitted sources with Basin. The purpose of the monitoring stations is to emissions less than the reporting threshold in the measure ambient concentrations of the pollutants District’s Annual Emissions Reporting Program. and determine whether the ambient air quality meets the California and federal standards. The The mobile source strategy includes actions monitoring station located closest to the project seeking further emissions reductions from on-road site is the Pomona station, located at 924 N. Garey and off-road mobile sources, such as accelerated Avenue, approximately 5 miles north of Chino Hills. penetration of zero- and near-zero emissions Table 4-10 indicates the number of days that each vehicles and early retirement of older vehicles. In of the standards was exceeded at the Pomona addition, the mobile source strategy includes station in 2010, 2011, and 2012. However, this research and development of advanced control station does not monitor PM10 emissions; therefore, technologies from various mobile sources. data for PM10 emissions were obtained from the Ontario monitoring station, which is the second- 4.3.5 Local Air Quality closest station and is located approximately 10 miles northeast of Chino Hills. Air quality in the City is influenced by the geographic and climatic conditions described Table 4-10– Ambient Air Quality Data, Pomona above and summarized below: Monitoring Station Pollutant 2010 2011 2012 1. Mountains, which create a natural terrain Ozone, ppm - Worst Hour 0.115 0.119 0.117 barrier to emissions dispersion north and Number of days of state 9 15 21 east of the metropolitan Los Angeles area. exceedances (>0.09 ppm) Ozone, ppm – worst 8 hours 0.082 0.096 0.093 2. A dominant on-shore flow transports and Number of days of state 12 24 30 disperses air pollution by driving air exceedances (>0.070) Number of days of federal pollution originating in industrial areas 4 16 15 exceedances (>0.075) along the coast toward the natural terrain Carbon Monoxide, ppm - worst 8 hours 1.80 1.60 1.47 barrier, limiting horizontal dispersion. The Number of days of state/federal 0 0 0 effect of this flow is a gradual degradation exceedances (>9.0 ppm) of air quality from coastal to inland areas. Nitrogen Dioxide, ppm - worst hour 0.097 0.087 0.061 Number of days of state 0 0 0 The greatest impacts can be seen in the San exceedances (>0.25 pp) Gabriel Valley and near Riverside at the foot µ 3 Particulate Matter <10 microns, g/m 87.0 70.0 57.0 of the San Gabriel Mountains. worst 24 hours* Estimated number of days of state 24 18 24 3. Atmospheric inversions limit dispersion of exceedances (>50 µg/m3)* air pollution on a vertical scale. Number of samples of federal µ 3 0 0 0 Temperature typically decreases with exceedances (>150 g/m )* µ 3 Particulate Matter <2.5 microns, g/m 46.1 52.9 35.2 altitude. However, under inversion worst 24 hours* conditions temperature begins to increase Estimated Number of Days of 3 7 0 at some height above the ground. This Federal exceedances (>35 µg/m3)* height is called the “base” of the inversion. Pomona Monitoring Station unless otherwise noted. *Ontario – 1408 Francis Street Monitoring Station The temperature increase continues Source: California Air Resources Board, 2009, 2010, 2011 Annual Air through an unspecified layer after which Quality Data Summaries available at the temperature change with height returns http://www.arb.ca.gov/adam/topfour/topfour1.php to standard conditions. The inversion layer is typically very stable and acts as a cap to As shown in Table 4-10, the ozone 1-hour and the vertical dispersions of pollutants. 8-hour standards were exceeded multiple times

Section 4.3 – Air Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-34 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

between 2010 and 2012. The PM10 concentration Goal CN-6: Promote Clean Air to Reduce Adverse exceeded the state standards 24 times in 2010, Effects on Human Health and the Environment 18 times in 2011, and 24 times in 2012, and did [New] not exceed the federal standards in 2010, 2011, or Policy CN-6.1: Reduce air pollution through 2012. The PM2.5 concentration exceeded federal coordinated land use, transportation, and energy standards on 3 days in 2010 and 7 days in 2011. It use planning. [Existing Policy 4-1, modified] did not exceed standards in 2012. No exceedances of either the state or federal standards for NO2 or Action CN-6.1.1: Endorse regional air quality CO have occurred in the last three years. and transportation management plans in Background CO levels are generally low. order to reduce air pollution emissions and vehicle trips. [Existing Policy 4-2, modified]

Sensitive Receptors Action CN-6.1.2: Encourage multifamily development to develop close to existing/ Ambient air quality standards have been planned transit and commercial areas to established to represent the levels of air quality encourage pedestrian and non-automobile considered sufficient, with an adequate margin of traffic. [Existing Policy 4-3, modified] safety, to protect public health and welfare. They are designed to protect that segment of the Action CN-6.1.3: Promote transit that serves public most susceptible to respiratory distress, the City and links to adjacent cities and such as children under 14; the elderly over 65; counties. [Existing Policy 4-14, modified] persons engaged in strenuous work or exercise; Action CN-6.1.4: Provide commercial areas and people with cardiovascular and chronic that are conducive to pedestrian and bicycle respiratory diseases. The majority of sensitive circulation. [Existing Policy 4-6] receptor locations are therefore residences, schools, and hospitals. Sensitive receptors in the Action CN-6.1.5: Provide a coordinated City include residences and schools. system of pedestrian and bike ways. [Existing Policy 4-7]

4.3.6 Project Components Relevant to Action CN-6.1.6: Encourage businesses to Air Quality alter truck delivery routes and local delivery schedules to off-peak hours. [Existing Policy 1. Proposed Conservation Element Update Goals, Policies, and Actions 4-16, modified]

Air pollution avoidance and reduction strategies Policy CN-6.2: Reduce air pollution impacts on intended to improve local and regional air quality, health. [New] limit release of odors, and assist in meeting the Action CN-6.2.1: Encourage compliance with air quality attainment strategies of the regional the California Air Resources Board (CARB) “Air AQMP are set forth in the proposed Conservation Quality and Land Use Handbook: A Element Update goals, policies and actions. The Community Health Perspective”, which list below indicates which goals, policies, and provides guidelines for siting new sensitive actions are from existing provisions and which land uses in proximity to air pollutant are new. emitting sources. [New]

Action CN-6.2.2: Require businesses to limit air pollution emissions in compliance with state and regional regulations and to reduce health impacts on sensitive land uses. [New]

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.3 – Air Quality page 4-35 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Action CN-6.2.3: Require businesses to limit • SCAQMD Operational Emissions odor emissions to eliminate or reduce Significance Thresholds nuisance impacts on sensitive land uses. • 55 pounds per day of ROG [New] • 55 pounds per day of NOX • 550 pounds per day of CO

4.3.7 Thresholds of Significance • 150 pounds per day of SOX • Significant impacts relative to air quality are 150 pounds per day of PM10 • evaluated in this section based on Appendix G of 55 pounds per day of PM2.5 the CEQA Guidelines. Implementation of the In its 1993 CEQA Handbook, SCAQMD also proposed project may have a significant adverse identifies the following indicators of a project’s impact if it would do any of the following: consistency or conflict with an adopted Air Quality Management Plan: a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan • Whether the project would result in an b) Violate any air quality standard or increase in the frequency or severity of contribute substantially to an existing or existing air quality violations or cause or projected air quality violation contribute to new violations, or delay c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net timely attainment of air quality standards increase of any criteria pollutant for which or the interim emission reductions the project region is non-attainment specified in the AQMP; and under an applicable federal or state • Whether the project would exceed the ambient air quality standard (including AQMP long-term growth forecast or yearly releasing emissions which exceed increments based on the year of the qualitative thresholds for ozone project build-out. precursors) In the absence of significance criteria designed to d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial assess a long range plan, this EIR analyzes the pollutant concentrations impacts of the proposed General Plan Update in e) Create objectionable odors affecting a terms of the generic thresholds identified in the substantial number of people CEQA Guidelines. As part of this analysis, total At this time, there are no significance thresholds emission levels that could be generated by all of established by the SCAQMD for long-range the growth anticipated in the General Plan update planning programs, such as a local General Plan have been quantified and compared to the update. SCAQMD has developed recommended SCAQMD’s project-level thresholds identified thresholds for evaluation of individual project above. This is a conservative approach that level construction and operational emissions, as overstates the level of impact, since it assumes follows: that all of the future growth could occur in one year, instead of incrementally and in response to • SCAQMD Construction Emissions general economic and demographic conditions, Significance Thresholds which is much more likely. • 75 pounds per day of ROG

• 100 pounds per day of NOX • 550 pounds per day of CO

• 150 pounds per day of PM10

• 55 pounds per day of PM2.5

Section 4.3 – Air Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-36 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.3.8 Project Impacts forecast efforts as part of subsequent RTP update cycles. Would the project: a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of Mitigation Measures the applicable air quality plan? Impacts associated with AQMP consistency would Impact Discussion be reduced through implementation of Mitigation Measure LU-1, presented in Section 4.1, Land Use Vehicle use, energy consumption, and associated and Planning, Subsection 4.1.5, Project Impacts of air pollutant emissions are directly related to this EIR and reiterated below: population growth. A project may be inconsistent with the AQMP if it would generate population, LU-1 City of Chino Hills Community Development housing, or employment growth exceeding the Department shall work closely with SANBAG forecasts used in the development of the AQMP. and SCAG to ensure the 2016-2040 The 2012 AQMP, the most recent AQMP adopted RTP/SCS correctly incorporates the City of by the SCAQMD, uses socioeconomic forecast Chino Hills General Plan Update land use projections of regional population, housing, and projections for population, households, and employment growth from the Southern California employment. This coordination shall occur Association of Government’s (SCAG) 2012 with each subsequent cycle of updates to Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable the RTP/SCS. Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS).

SCAG’s population projection for Chino Hills is Impact Finding 78,400 in the year 2035. Total population with With incorporation of Mitigation Measure LU-1, growth as a result of build-out of the General Plan impacts involving consistency with AQMP growth Update (year 2035) is expected to be 94,895. This forecasts would be less than significant. estimate exceeds SCAG’s 2035 growth forecast for the City by 16,495 people. The 2012 RTP/SCS Would the project: forecast was developed before the City completed b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute the current land use inventory developed in substantially to an existing or projected air support of the proposed General Plan Update. quality violation? SCAG growth forecasts are periodically updated as c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net part of recurring updates of the RTP/SCS. The next increase of any criteria pollutant for which the update will address the 2016-2040 planning project region is non-attainment under an horizon and at that time, the City’s current General applicable federal or state ambient air quality Plan forecasts will be incorporated into the updated standard (including releasing emissions which SCAG and SCAQMD forecasts, so that there would exceed qualitative thresholds for ozone be no inconsistency between the local and regional precursors)? forecasts. Because the current difference between the SCAG 2012 RTP and Chino Hills General Plan growth forecasts for 2035 will be reconciled in the Impact Discussion near future, this is considered to be a less than The General Plan Update could potentially conflict significant impact with respect to consistency with with the AQMP due to generation of criteria the AQMP. Nonetheless, Mitigation Measure AQ-1 pollutants that could exceed the SCAQMD will be implemented to provide assurance that the thresholds for regional emissions burdens. This City will coordinate with SCAG on future growth could include emissions of particulate matter and ozone precursors for which the South Coast Air

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.3 – Air Quality page 4-37 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Basin is in a non-attainment status relative to periodic watering, application of environ- federal and state air quality standards. mentally safe soil stabilization materials, and/or roll compaction as appropriate. The stationary and mobile source control Watering shall be done as often as strategies identified in the 2012 AQMP to achieve necessary, and at least twice daily, attainment with federal PM2.5 and state and preferably in the late morning and after federal ozone standards will be implemented work is done for the day. primarily through existing federal, state, and regional regulatory frameworks that typically 3. Soil Stabilization. Construction control emissions sources through technological contractors should monitor all graded restrictions and permitting programs. Adoption of and/or excavated inactive areas of the the proposed General Plan Update would thus construction site at least weekly for dust have little effect on the success of the 2012 stabilization. Soil stabilization methods, AQMP control strategies. There would be some such as water and roll compaction, and beneficial effects through the building energy environmentally safe dust control efficiency, residential solar installations and materials, shall be applied to portions of reduced vehicle miles traveled measures set forth the construction site that are inactive for in the updated Conservation Element. over four days. If no further grading or excavation operations are planned for the Construction activity that would be facilitated by area, the area shall be seeded and the General Plan Update would cause temporary watered until landscape growth is evident, emissions of various air pollutants. Ozone or periodically treated with environ- precursors NOX and CO would be emitted by the mentally safe dust suppressants, to operation of construction equipment, while prevent excessive fugitive dust. fugitive dust (PM10) would be emitted by activities that disturb the soil, such as grading and 4. No Grading During High Winds. excavation, road construction and building Construction contractors should stop all construction. As previously stated, the Basin is in clearing, grading, earth moving, and non-attainment for both the federal and state excavation operations during periods of high winds (20 miles per hour or greater, standards for ozone, PM10, and PM2.5. as measured continuously over a one- SCAQMD Rule 403 identifies measures to reduce hour period). fugitive dust and is required to be implemented 5. Street Sweeping. Construction contractors at all construction sites located within the South should sweep all on-site driveways and Coast Air Basin. These measures include: adjacent streets and roads at least once 1. Minimization of Disturbance. Construction per day, preferably at the end of the day, contractors should minimize the area if visible soil material is carried over to disturbed by clearing, grading, earth adjacent streets and roads. moving, or excavation operations to SCAQMD Rule 402 also helps reduce the impact of prevent excessive amounts of dust. construction emissions. Originally adopted in May 2. Soil Treatment. Construction contractors 1976, this rule prohibits discharges of air should treat all graded and excavated contaminants or other materials in quantities that material, exposed soil areas, and active could result in injury, detriment, nuisance, or portions of the construction site, annoyance to any considerable number of persons including unpaved on-site roadways to or the public, or which endanger the comfort, minimize fugitive dust. Treatment shall repose, health, or safety of any such persons or the include, but not necessarily be limited to,

Section 4.3 – Air Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-38 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

public, or which cause or have a natural tendency specific mitigation measures would be developed, to cause injury or damage to business or property. if warranted, based on the findings of the air quality impact analysis. As stated in the Project Description, the proposed General Plan Update would facilitate development Table 4-11 – Estimated Daily Construction of an estimated 5,807 housing units and 1,818,751 Emissions for General Plan Build-Out square feet of commercial/institutional space. ROG NOX CO PM10* PM2.5* Table 4-11 provides an overall estimate of Total Emissions (tons) 83.3 166.6 517.3 146.2 37.0 Average Daily Emissions 22.8 45.7 141.7 40.1 10.1 emissions from construction activity associated (pounds/day) with the General Plan Update build-out. As shown, Total Emissions assuming 83.3 166.6 517.3 121.4 33.4 average daily emissions, both with and without compliance with SCAQMD Rule 403 (tons)* compliance with SCAQMD Rule 403, would be Average Daily Emissions 22.8 45.7 141.7 33.3 9.1 below SCAQMD thresholds. Rule 402 and 403 assuming compliance with SCAQMD Rule 403 compliance by individual property owners, (pounds/day)* developers, or contractors would reduce temporary SCAQMD Daily 75 100 550 150 55 construction-related air pollutant emissions, Thresholds (pounds/day) particularly those found in fugitive dust such as Notes: See Table 2.1 “Overall Construction-unmitigated” and “Overall Construction-mitigated” of CalEEMod modeling results in Air Quality Study PM10 and PM2.5 levels. appendix. Assumes 2,768 multifamily units, 3,054 single-family units, 33,087 sf of mixed use (strip mall), 1,350,925 sf of commercial (strip mall), Because the proposed General Plan Update 369,000 sf of business park (office park), 357,521 sf of institutional/public identifies future land uses and does not contain facility (general office).Totals include worker trips, construction vehicle specific development proposals, estimates of emissions and fugitive dust. Architectural Coating phase anticipated emissions reductions include the standards in SCAQMD Rule 1113. construction-related emissions that may occur at *Includes requirements of SCAQMD Rule 403 to reduce fugitive dust any one time between now and 2035 are listed previously. speculative and cannot be accurately determined at this stage of the planning process. Table 4-11 Mitigation Measure provides a per day average estimate of emissions from all construction associated with the total new Temporary construction impacts associated with development envisioned in the General Plan the General Plan Update would be reduced Update. Depending upon the development type, through implementation of the following size, and development timeframe, maximum daily mitigation: construction emissions associated with individual AQ-1 Additional Conservation Element Measures projects could be higher than the estimated to Reduce Construction Emissions. The averages in Table 4-11 and could potentially following Goal and accompanying Policies exceed SCAQMD significance thresholds. and Actions will be added to the General Therefore, impacts related to construction Plan Update Conservation Element. emissions are potentially significant. Policy CN-6.3: Reduce air pollution Individual development projects that are subject to emissions from construction activities. CEQA would undergo an environmental impact assessment that would include an evaluation to Action CN-6.3.1: Require preparation determine whether potential construction pollutant of air quality analyses of construction- emissions generated could result in a significant related air quality impacts using the impact to air quality. In order to quantify the level latest available air emissions model or of emissions associated with individual other analytical method determined in development projects, specific information conjunction with SCAQMD for all regarding the size and type of development and projects subject to the California the location of receptors would be needed. Project- Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). If

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.3 – Air Quality page 4-39 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

such analyses identify potentially Table 4-12– Estimated Daily Operational Emissions for General Plan Build-Out significant regional or local air quality ROG NOX CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 impacts, require the incorporation of Area Emissions 245.5 5.5 478.8 0.03 2.7 2.7 appropriate mitigation to reduce such (pounds/day) impacts. Energy Emissions 4.2 35.9 15.9 0.23 2.9 2.9 (pounds/day) Action CN-6.3.2: Encourage large Mobile Emissions 205.5 410.4 1,917.5 7.6 476.6 134.7 construction projects to mitigate diesel (pounds/day) exhaust emissions through the use of Total Emissions 455.2 451.8 2,412.2 7.9 482.1 140.3 (pounds/day) alternative fuels and emission control SCAQMD 55 55 550 150 150 55 devices. Thresholds (pounds/day) Action CN-6.3.3: Require dust abate- Source: See Table 2.2, “Overall Operational-Mitigated” of CalEEMod – ment actions for all new construction summer modeling results in Air Quality Study appendix. Assumes 2,768 and redevelopment projects. multifamily units, 3,054 single-family units, 33,087 sf of mixed use (strip mall), 1,350,925 sf of commercial (strip mall), 369,000 sf of business park (office park), 357,521 sf of institutional/public facility (general office). Impact Finding Mitigation Measure AQ-1 would incorporate It is noted that the SCAQMD thresholds for policies into the General Plan to reduce emissions operational emissions are designed for analysis of from construction. However, there is a possibility individual development projects, not for a long- that maximum daily construction emissions range planning program such as the Chino Hills associated with individual projects could be higher General Plan Update, which will be implemented than the estimated averages in Table 4-11 and that over a long period of time – i.e., 20 years or more – imposition of Mitigation Measure AQ-1 would not and covers the entire Planning Area. In order to reduce impacts to less than significant levels. quantify the level of emissions associated with Therefore, impacts could potentially be significant individual development projects, specific and unavoidable. information regarding the size and type of development and the location of receptors would be needed. Emissions associated with the operation Long-Term Operational Impacts of individual projects, depending on project type Long-term emissions associated with future and size, could exceed project-specific thresholds development envisioned in the General Plan established by the SCAQMD. Update would be those associated with mobile The General Plan Update includes goals, policies, sources (vehicle trips), area sources (land- and actions that would help reduce the scaping and architectural coating), and energy significance of air quality impacts from individual sources (electricity and natural gas development projects and from the combined consumption). Table 4-12 shows the estimated effect of future development throughout the total daily operational emissions associated with Planning Area. A goal of the General Plan Update all new development facilitated by the General is to “Promote clean air to reduce adverse effects Plan Update. As shown, total operational on human health and the environment” (Goal emissions for the potential additional CN-6). As such, the General Plan Update includes development associated with the General Plan the following policies and actions aimed to would exceed the SCAQMD regional emission improve air quality. thresholds for ROG, NOX, CO, PM10, and PM2.5. Policy CN-6.1: Reduce air pollution through coordinated land use, transportation, and energy use planning.

Section 4.3 – Air Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-40 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Action CN-6.1.1: Endorse regional air quality through C-3.1.4, Policy C-3.2, and Actions and transportation management plans in C-3.2.1 through C-3.2.3, Action LU-3.2.3, and order to reduce air pollution emissions and Policy LU-5.1). These policies would reduce vehicle trips. vehicle miles traveled and associated vehicular emissions. Action CN-6.1.2: Encourage multifamily development to develop close to existing/ The Conservation Element also includes a policy planned transit and commercial areas to to “endorse green building design in new and encourage pedestrian and non-automobile existing construction” (Policy CN-3.1) and traffic. includes actions to encourage new development Action CN-6.1.3: Promote transit that serves to be energy efficient and reduce energy the City and links to adjacent cities and consumption (Actions CN 3.1-1 through counties. CN 3.1.4). These policies and actions would reduce air pollution emissions from area and Action CN-6.1.4: Provide commercial areas stationary sources. Therefore, General Plan that are conducive to pedestrian and bicycle Update goals, policies, and actions included circulation. above would reduce citywide air pollutant Action CN-6.1.5: Provide a coordinated emissions compared to a business-as-usual system of pedestrian and bike ways. approach.

Action CN-6.1.6: Encourage businesses to The City will continue to administer its local CEQA alter truck delivery routes and local delivery procedures to review the environmental effects of schedules to off-peak hours. individual development projects. These reviews would include an evaluation to determine whether Policy CN-6.2: Reduce air pollution impacts on potential operational air pollutant emissions health. would exceed SCAQMD significance thresholds. Action CN-6.2.1: Encourage compliance with Project-level mitigation measures would be the California Air Resources Board (CARB) “Air developed to reduce potentially significant Quality and Land Use Handbook: A emissions to the degree feasible. However, due to Community Health Perspective,” which the overall magnitude of citywide development provides guidelines for siting new sensitive potential and associated air quality impacts, land uses in proximity to air pollutant long-term air quality impacts would be emitting sources. potentially significant. Action CN-6.2.2: Require businesses to limit air pollution emissions in compliance with Mitigation Measures state and regional regulations and to reduce Operational impacts associated with the General health impacts on sensitive land uses. Plan Update would be reduced through As shown in Table 4-12, mobile source emissions implementation of the following mitigation: are the largest emissions source in the City for all AQ-2 Additional Conservation Element Policies pollutants except for ROG. Actions CN-6.1.1 and Actions for Operational Emissions. through CN-6.1.6 would reduce mobile source The following policy and action are added emissions. Additional policies and actions in the to the General Plan Update Conservation Circulation and Land Use Element emphasize infill Element. development and the use of alternative transportation such as walking, bicycling, and public transit (Policy C-3.1, Actions C-3.1.1

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.3 – Air Quality page 4-41 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Policy CN-6.4: Reduce air pollution horizon, elevated CO levels can occur at or near emissions from new development. intersections that experience severe traffic congestion. A project’s localized air quality Action CN-6.4.1: Require preparation impact is considered significant if the additional of air quality analyses that analyze CO emissions resulting from the project create a operational air quality impacts using “hot spot” where the California 1-hour standards the latest available air emissions model of 20.0 ppm or the 8-hour standard of 9 ppm is or other analytical method determined exceeded. This typically occurs at severely in conjunction with SCAQMD for all congested intersections. Screening for possible projects subject to the California elevated CO levels is conducted for severely Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). If congested intersections experiencing Levels of such analyses identify potentially Service E or F with project traffic where a significant regional or local air quality significant project traffic impact may occur. The impacts, then require the incorporation SCAQMD recommends a quantified assessment of of appropriate mitigation to reduce CO hot spots when a project increases the volume such impacts. to capacity (V/C) ratio by 0.02 (2%) for any intersection with an existing Level of Service Impact Finding (LOS) D or worse (SCAQMD, 2003). Operational emissions associated with General According to the Traffic Study prepared for the Plan Update build-out would increase air proposed General Plan Update (Appendix I), nine pollutant emissions throughout the City that study area intersections would operate at LOS D would contribute to regional emission burdens. or worse and would have a V/C ratio increase of Mitigation Measure AQ-2 would incorporate 2% as a result of the proposed General Plan. policies into the General Plan to reduce These intersections are listed here and were operational emissions from new development. analyzed for CO hot spots using the CALINE4 air Nonetheless, impacts could exceed SCAQMD quality model: regional emissions thresholds and could remain significant and unavoidable. 1. Soquel Canyon Parkway at Butterfield Ranch Road (AM hour only) Local Carbon Monoxide Concentrations 2. Soquel Canyon Parkway at Pomona Rincon Road (AM hour only) As previously discussed, carbon monoxide (CO) is 3. Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Avenue a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas that may be (AM and PM hours) found in high concentrations near areas of high 4. Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive (AM traffic volumes. CO emissions are a function of and PM hours) vehicle idling time, meteorological conditions, 5. Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon and traffic flow. The South Coast Air Basin is in Road (AM and PM hours) attainment of state and federal CO standards. At 6. Peyton Drive at Grand Avenue (AM and PM the Pomona monitoring station, the station hours) closest to Chino Hills, the maximum 8-hour CO 7. Peyton Drive at Eucalyptus Avenue (AM level recorded in 2011 was 1.6 parts per million and PM hours) (ppm) and it was 1.47 ppm in 2012, approxi- 8. Pipeline Avenue at Woodview Road (AM mately one-fifth of the 9 ppm state and federal and PM hours) 8-hour standard. 9. Peyton Drive at Chino Avenue (AM Hour Although CO is not expected to be a major air only) quality concern in the City over the planning

Section 4.3 – Air Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-42 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The results of the CO hot spot analysis are shown within newly designated High Density Residential in Table 4-13 (more detailed results are and Mixed Use areas located at nodes along the contained in the Air Quality Study, Appendix C). City’s main arterials. As shown, CO levels at these intersections would As shown in Table 4-13, concentrations of not exceed federal or state AAQS for CO. There- vehicular pollutants at the intersections most fore, localized impacts involving concentrations impacted by long-term increases in traffic would of CO would be less than significant. be well below state and federal air quality standards. Future multifamily development in the Mitigation Measures vicinity of the City’s major intersections, None required therefore, would not expose sensitive receptors residing in those developments to substantial air Impact Finding pollutant concentrations associated with the City’s street network. Vehicular traffic generated by new development envisioned in the General Plan Update would The proposed General Plan Update would not result in less than significant CO concentrations allow for heavy industrial or other uses that would at major intersections. create substantial concentrations of air pollutants. All of the future business park and light industrial uses are concentrated on the Would the project: eastern side of SR-71, where no additional d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial residential development or any new schools or pollutant concentrations? other institutional uses are anticipated in the Planning Area. Those existing non-residential Impact Discussion land uses do not generate substantial Much of the land in Chino Hills designated for concentrations of air pollutants. As such, the development has been built. Vacant land that updated Plan would not allow for siting of remains is largely hillside properties or sensitive receptors such as homes, schools, or constrained by natural resources or hazards, and hospitals near sources of major air pollutant will accommodate only limited growth. Future concentrations. residential development would occur in the form of low-density single-family on large lots in Mitigation Measures agriculture and ranch areas, and in a number of None required suburban-scale single-family subdivisions in areas that have been planned for such development in the current General Plan. Additional Impact Finding multifamily residential development would occur Less than significant

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.3 – Air Quality page 4-43 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-13 – Intersection Carbon Monoxide (CO) Concentration at General Plan Build-Out Peak Hour CO Ambient Air Quality Exceeds State Levels With Standards or Federal Intersection Peak Hour Project (Federal/ State) AAQS? Soquel Canyon Parkway at Butterfield Ranch Road AM 2.1 35.0 ppm/ 20.0 ppm No Soquel Canyon Parkway at Pomona Rincon Drive AM 2.4 35.0 ppm/ 20.0 ppm No AM 2.3 Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Avenue 35.0 ppm/ 20.0 ppm No PM 2.5 AM 2.5 Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive 35.0 ppm/ 20.0 ppm No PM 2.7 AM 2.3 Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon Road 35.0 ppm/ 20.0 ppm No PM 2.6 AM 2.3 Grand Avenue at Peyton Drive 35.0 ppm/ 20.0 ppm No PM 2.3 AM 2.2 Eucalyptus Avenue at Peyton Drive 35.0 ppm/ 20.0 ppm No PM 2.4 Pipeline Road at Woodview Road AM 2.2 35.0 ppm/ 20.0 ppm No Source: LOS data from Minagar & Associates, 2013; CO concentration data from CALINE4 version 2.1 modeling program. See Appendix A [of the Traffic Impact Study].

Section 4.3 – Air Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-44 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Impact Finding Would the project: Less than significant e) Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people? 4.3.9 Cumulative Impacts Impact Discussion The preceding analysis of air quality impacts The proposed General Plan Update would addressed the cumulative, long-term effects of facilitate development. Some commercial and total build-out of the Planning Area, in accordance industrial uses developed pursuant to the General with the proposed General Plan Update, within Plan Update may generate odors that could affect approximately the next 20+ years. Construction the public. Examples of commercial uses that and long-term operational emissions were have the potential to cause odor impacts include estimated on a conservative, worst-case basis and fast food restaurants, photographic studios, and compared to the SCAQMD significance thresholds laundry facilities. Industrial uses also have the that are intended to identify both project-level and potential to generate odors. However, odors from cumulative impact significance. Exceedance of any new commercial and industrial uses would be of these thresholds is considered to be a significant similar to uses existing throughout the City and cumulative air quality impact because the they would be confined to the immediate vicinity thresholds were developed in the context of of new buildings. Further, the General Plan regional emission burdens throughout the South Update includes Action CN-6.2.3, which would Coast Air Basin. As discussed earlier, construction “require businesses to limit odor emissions to emissions and operational emissions could eliminate or reduce nuisance impacts on sensitive potentially exceed the SCAQMD significance land uses.” As such, significant odor impacts are thresholds, even with the benefits of the air not anticipated. pollution avoidance and reduction measures included in the proposed General Plan Conservation Construction activities could also generate Element, and the benefits of the additional policy temporary airborne odors during the operation of measures identified in mitigation measures AQ-1 diesel-powered construction vehicles and the and AQ-2. Air quality impacts associated with application of architectural coatings. However, implementation of the General Plan Update would, these odors are generally not considered therefore, be cumulatively considerable. especially offensive. Emissions would be temporary and would be confined to the immediate vicinity of the construction site. Mitigation Measures Emissions reduction strategies, including See measures LU-1 (page 4-19), AQ-1 SCAQMD Rules 402 and 403, which are (page 4-39), and AQ-2 (page 4-41. specifically designed to reduce nuisance air quality and odor emissions, would be applied to Impact Finding all new development in the City. With appropriate controls, significant odor impacts would not be Significant and unavoidable anticipated and impacts would be less than significant.

Mitigation Measures None required

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.3 – Air Quality page 4-45

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

the underlying geologic formations of a given

4.4 Biological Resources area will ultimately dictate the vegetation that may establish, and the wildlife that the vegetation This section describes the biological setting of will support. the City of Chino Hills (City), including major plant communities, wildlife occurrence, and Soils develop from the erosion and weathering of wildlife movement, and examines the potential parent materials, which depending on the type of for future development to impact sensitive parent materials will determine the resulting soil biological resources. Existing regulatory frame- types. Individual plant species, including many works designed to protect sensitive resources are sensitive plant species, often have particular soil discussed as well as pertinent provisions of the requirements, including whether the soil is well proposed Conservation Element Update to drained or not, and the type of soil as defined by demonstrate the City’s commitment to protecting the particle size (e.g., clay, sand, loam). For and preserving important biological resources as example, species such as Munz’s onion (Allium growth continues over the long term. munzii) and many-stemmed dudleya (Dudleya multicaulis) occur in clay soils in scrub and The information concerning the biological setting, grassland habitats, whereas chaparral sand description of habitat types, and lists of special verbena (Abronia villosa var. aurita) occurs in status plants and animals is condensed from a sandy soils associated with scrub habitats. comprehensive biological survey of the City conducted by Glen Lukos Associates (GLA) for the Certain plant species are further restricted to City. That survey covered all of the City land area areas with very specific parent material, which outside of Chino Hills State Park. The complete affects the chemistry of the soil. For example, biological survey report is included in this EIR as Braunton’s milk-vetch (Astragalus brauntonii) Appendix D. usually occurs in soils containing calcium carbonate. In addition to soil types, geologic 4.4.1 Existing Conditions faults and fractures in the underlying rock can allow for water to seep to the surface, which 1. Overview of Biological Setting allows for the development of isolated seep The City is located within the eastern Puente- wetlands amongst a broader area of upland Chino Hills, which are at the northern end of the vegetation. These isolated seeps provide habitat Peninsular Ranges geomorphic province and are for plants and wildlife that may not typically bounded on the northwest by the San Gabriel occupy the adjacent upland habitats, in addition Valley, on the northeast by the San Bernardino to representing a water source for wildlife. Valley, and on the south by the Santa Ana River Canyon and the Los Angeles Basin.10 Elevations 2. Vegetation Communities vary from approximately 500 feet to 1,600 feet Generalized mapping of major vegetation above sea level. communities and land cover types were identified The City is underlain by sandstone bedrock of the by the GLA survey based upon aerial photography Puente Formation and the Topanga Formation with spot checks in the field. Vegetation and is traversed by the Chino Fault. In general, communities have been classified according to a combination of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

(USFWS) wetland mapping categories and Holland 10 “Geomorphic provinces” are naturally defined geologic regions that display a distinct landscape or landform. http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/information/pub lications/cgs_notes/note_36/Documents/note_36.pdf ; accessed 11/15/13

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-47 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

vegetation classification.11 Table 4-14 below sativus), bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), tocalote summarizes the approximate acreage of each (Centaurea melitensis) and wild mustard (Brassica community type. Figure 4-2 depicts the distribu- nigra). tion of vegetation communities within the City.

Table 4-14 – Vegetation or Land Cover Types San Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Observed Within the City Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub consists of drought- Approximate Percentage Habitat Type Area (acres) of Total deciduous, low, soft-leaved shrubs with Developed 8,816 41.0 herbaceous understory on gentle to steep slopes Annual Grasslands 7,985 37.2 under 3,000 feet. Approximately 8% of the City Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub 1,665 7.8 Coast Live Oak Woodland 778 3.6 supports Diegan sage scrub communities. Chaparral 741 3.4 Dominant species in this community include Southern Willow Scrub 417 1.9 California sagebrush (Artemesia californica) and Walnut Woodland 288 1.3 Agriculture 207 1.0 California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum). Coast Live Oak Riparian Forest 180 0.8 Other component species include laurel sumac Riverine 155 0.7 Coastal Sage Scrub/ 104 0.5 (Malosma laurina), coast goldenbush (Isocoma Chaparral Ecotone menziesii), white sage (Salvia apiana), black sage Freshwater Emergent Wetland 70 0.3 (Salvia mellifera), deerweed (Lotus scoparius) and Sycamore-Alder Riparian Woodland 40 0.2 Open Water 36 0.2 coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis). Total 21,482 100% Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub is designated by the

California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) Characteristics of each of these habitat types are and classified in the California Natural Diversity described below. Some of these are classified by Database (CNDDB) as “very threatened.” This the CDFW as “sensitive natural communities.” habitat occurs in 21 to 100 viable locations Such vegetation communities are of limited statewide with between 10,000 and 50,000 acres distribution in California and are often vulnerable of habitat remaining. It has the potential to to the effects of land development projects. support federally threatened coastal California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica) as Developed well as several other special status species. Approximately 41% of the City is developed with residential and commercial structures including Coast Live Oak Woodland ornamental vegetation and landscaping. Coast Live Oak Woodland is dominated by coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) and exhibits a shrub Annual Grasslands layer that varies from sparse to moderately dense Annual grassland is dominated by annual grasses and may include toyon (Heteromeles arbitufolia), that are primarily of Mediterranean origin. gooseberry (Ribes spp.), laurel sumac, and Approximately 37% of the City consists of annual Mexican elderberry (Sambucus nigra). Approxi- grassland. Dominant species found in this mately 4% of the City supports coast live oak community include wild oat (Avena fatua), ripgut woodland communities. Coast Live Oak Woodland grass (Bromus diandrus), foxtail chess (Bromus and Southern California Coast Live Oak Riparian madritensis ssp. rubens), foxtail barley (Hordeum Forest are designated by the CDFW and classified murinum ssp. leporinum) wild radish (Raphanus in the CNDDB as a sensitive natural community. They occur in more than 100 viable locations

statewide and/or have more than 50,000 acres of 11 Holland, R. October 1986. Preliminary Description of habitat remaining. the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California, http://www.cal-ipc.org/ip/inventory/pdf/HollandReport.pdf

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-48 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-2– Vegetation Communities in Chino Hills

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-49 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chaparral occurs in 6 to 20 known locations and/or 2,000 to 10,000 acres of habitat remaining.” Chaparral communities consist of evergreen, broad-leafed or needle-leafed, sclerophyllous (hard-leafed), medium height to tall shrubs that Agriculture form a dense cover on steep slopes. The Approximately 1% of the City consists of herbaceous understory is often sparse to agricultural lands. nonexistent but there is often a substantial accumulation of leaf litter in mature chaparral Southern California Coast Live Oak Riparian stands. Approximately 3% of the City supports Forest chaparral communities. Dominant species within this community include black sage, laurel Coast Live Oak Riparian Woodland is dominated sumac, scrub oak (Quercus berberidifolia), by coast live oak and possesses a poorly lemonade berry (Rhus integrifolia), toyon, and developed shrub layer that may include poison Mexican elderberry. oak (Toxicodendron diversilobium), toyon, laurel sumac, and Mexican elderberry. Riparian oak Southern Willow Scrub woodland habitats were distinguished from upland oak woodland habitats based on their Southern willow scrub is characterized by dense, association with drainages as described above. broad-leafed, winter-deciduous riparian thickets Approximately 1% of the City supports Southern dominated by one or more willow species. The California coast live oak riparian forest dominant species of this community are arroyo communities. Southern California Coast Live Oak willow (Salix lasiolepis), black willow (Salix Riparian Forest is designated by the CDFW and the gooddingii), mule fat (Baccharis salicifolia), and CNDDB as a sensitive natural community. This stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). Approximately 2% habitat occurs in more than 100 viable locations of the City supports southern willow scrub statewide and/or has more than 50,000 acres of communities. Southern Willow Scrub communities habitat remaining. are designated by the CDFW and the CNDDB as “very threatened – occurs in 6 to 20 known Riverine locations and/or 2,000 to 10,000 acres of habitat remaining.” This habitat has some potential to Approximately 1% of the City consists of support federally listed species, including least unvegetated ephemeral, intermittent, or perennial Bell’s vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus) and southwestern stream channels. willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus). Coastal Sage Scrub/Chaparral Ecotone California Walnut Woodland Less than 1% of the City consists of a mosaic of California walnut woodland is an open to overlapping Chaparral and Coastal Sage Scrub occasionally closed-canopy woodland dominated communities. by California black walnut (Juglans californica). The understory is sparse with scattered patches of Freshwater Emergent Wetland annual grasses. This subassociation occurs on moist, fine-textured soils of valley slopes and Freshwater emergent wetland consists of fresh- bottoms. Approximately 1% of the City supports water marsh and freshwater seep communities. California walnut woodland communities. Walnut This habitat type is generally located within woodlands communities are designated by the perennial or intermittent channel bottoms and is CDFW and the CNDDB as “very threatened – characterized by grass, forb, and emergent species such as southern cattail (Typha

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-50 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

domingensis), bulrush (Scirpus spp.), Mexican list. Because proposed species may soon be listed rush (Juncus mexicanus), spike rush (Eleocharis as Threatened or Endangered, these species could spp.), and rabbitsfoot grass (Polypogon become listed prior to or during implementation monspeliensis). Less than 1% of the City supports of a proposed project. The presence of a freshwater emergent wetland communities. Proposed or Candidate species within a project Freshwater Marsh is designated by the CDFW and impact area may impose constraints on develop- the CNDDB as “very threatened.” This habitat ment if they are listed prior to issuance of project occurs in 6 to 20 known locations and/or has permits, particularly if a project would result in 2,000 to 10,000 acres of habitat remaining. “take” of the species or its habitat.

The State of California considers an Endangered Southern Sycamore-Alder Riparian Woodland species as one whose prospects of survival and Southern Sycamore-Alder Riparian Woodland is reproduction are in immediate jeopardy; a dominated by western sycamore (Platanus Threatened species as one present in such small racemosa) and may support white alder (Alnus numbers throughout its range that it is likely to rhombifolia), California blackberry (Rubus become an Endangered species in the near future in ursinus), and poison oak in the understory. Less the absence of special protection or management; than 1% of the City supports southern sycamore- and a Rare species as one present in such small alder riparian woodland communities. Southern numbers throughout its range that it may become Sycamore-Alder Riparian Woodland is designated Endangered if its present environment worsens. by the CDFW and the CNDDB as a “sensitive “Rare species” applies only to California native natural community.” This habitat occurs in more plants. State-listed Threatened and Endangered than 100 viable locations statewide and/or has species are protected against take unless an more than 50,000 acres of habitat remaining. incidental take permit is obtained from the resource agencies. The presence of any State-listed Open Water Threatened or Endangered species within a project impact area generally imposes severe constraints Less than 1% of the City consists of Open Water. on development, particularly if a project would result in “take” of the species or its habitat. 3. Special Status Animals California Species of Special Concern is an informal A federal Threatened species is one likely to designation used by the CDFW for some declining become Endangered within the foreseeable future wildlife species that are not state Candidates. This throughout all or a significant portion of its range. designation does not provide legal protection, but The presence of any federal Threatened or signifies that these species are recognized as Endangered species within a project impact area special status. Recently, the CDFW downgraded generally imposes severe constraints on some of these species from Species of Special development, particularly if a project would result Concern to the Watch List. in “take” of the species or its habitat. The term “take” means to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, Species that are California Fully Protected and wound, kill, trap, capture, collect, or attempt to Protected include those protected by special engage in such conduct. Harm, in this sense, can legislation for various reasons, such as the include any disturbance of habitats used by the mountain lion and the white tailed kite (Elanus species during any portion of its life history. leucurus). Fully Protected species may not be taken or possessed at any time. California Protected Proposed species or Candidate species are those species include those species that may not be taken officially proposed by the USFWS for addition to or possessed at any time except under special the federal Threatened and Endangered species permit from the CDFW issued California Code of

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-51 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Regulations §§650, 670.7 or §2081 of the 4. Special Status Plants California Fish and Game Code. The federal and state Endangered Species Acts Species of Local Concern are those that have no each list threatened and endangered or candidate official status with the resource agencies, but are plant species. Additionally, the California Rare being watched because there is either a unique Plant Rank (CRPR), formerly known as the CNPS population in the region or the species is declining List, is a ranking system by the Rare Plant Status in the region. Review group12 and managed by the California Native Plant Society (CNPS) and the CDFW. A CRPR Special Animal is a general term that refers to summarizes information on the distribution, species that the CNDDB is interested in tracking, rarity, and endangerment of California’s vascular regardless of legal or protective status. This term plants. Plants with a CRPR of 1A are presumed includes species designated as any of the above extinct in California because they have not been terms, but also includes species that may be seen in the wild for many years. Plants with a considered biologically rare; restricted in CRPR of 1B are Rare, Threatened, or Endangered distribution; declining throughout their range; throughout their range. Plants with a CRPR of 2 having a critical, vulnerable stage in their life cycle are considered Rare, Threatened, or Endangered that warrants monitoring; being on the periphery of in California but are more common in other their range and being threatened with extirpation in states. Plants with a CRPR of 3 require more California; being associated with special status information before they can be assigned to habitats; or being considered by other state or another rank or rejected; this is a “review” list. federal agencies or private organizations to be Plants with a CRPR of 4 are of limited distribution sensitive or declining. or infrequent throughout a broader area in Classifications for the special status animals California; this is a “watch” list. known to occur or that may occur in the City are Table 4-17 provides a summary of special-status listed in Table 4-15, below, and referenced in plants with potential to occur in the City. Species Table 4-16, which lists special status fish, birds, were considered based on a number of factors, reptiles, amphibians, and mammal species that including: a) species identified by the July 2010 could occur in the City. Additional details about CNDDB as occurring (either currently of these animals are provided in the biological historically) on or in the vicinity of the property, survey report, in Appendix D of this EIR. b) species identified by the 2010 CNPS Rare Plant Table 4-15 – Special Status Animal Classifications Inventory as occurring (either currently of Federal Endangered Species Act California Endangered historically) on or in the vicinity of the property Classifications Species Act Classifications and c) any other special-status plants that are FE = Federally Endangered SE = State Endangered known to occur within the vicinity of the property, FT = Federally Threatened ST = State Threatened or for which potentially suitable habitat occurs on FPT = Federally Proposed Threatened FSC = Federal Species of Concern site. Additional details about the species FC = Federal Candidate identified in Table 4-17 are provided in the California Department of Fish and Biology Survey, which is Appendix D of this EIR. Wildlife Sensitive Ratings CSC = California Species of Concern CFP = California Fully-Protected Species Source: Glen Lukos Associates, Biological Overview for the City of Chino Hills, October 2010 (Appendix D of this EIR).

12 A group of over 300 botanical experts from the government, academia, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-52 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-16 – Special Status Animals Potentially Occurring in Chino Hills Species Name Status Habitat Requirements Federally or State-Listed Species Fish Santa Ana sucker Federal: FT Inhabits cool, clear water streams with sand-rubble-boulder bottoms. Catostomus santaanae State: None CDFW: CSC Birds Coastal California gnatcatcher Federal: FT Inhabits low elevation coastal sage scrub and coastal bluff scrub. Polioptila californica californica State: None CDFW: CSC Least Bell’s vireo Federal: FE Inhabits riparian scrub or forest in vicinity of water or in dry river bottoms. Vireo bellii pusillus State: SE Usually builds nest near ground in thickets of willow, mule fat, or blackberry. CDFW: None Southwestern willow flycatcher Federal: FE Inhabits riparian woodlands with a seasonal or perennial source of water. Empidonax traillii extimus State: SE CDFW: None Swainson’s Hawk (nesting) Federal: None Forages over open grassland, scrub, or agricultural areas. Chino Hills falls Buteo swainsoni State: SE outside of the nesting range for this species. CDFW: None Western yellow-billed cuckoo Federal: FC Occurs in riparian forest nester, along the broad, lower flood-bottoms of larger Coccyzus americanus occidentalis State: SE river systems. Nests in riparian jungles of willow, often mixed with CDFW: None cottonwoods, with lower story of blackberry, nettles, or wild grape. Other Special-Status Species Fish Arroyo chub Federal: None Inhabits slow-moving or backwater sections of warm to cool (10-24ºC) Gila orcutti State: None streams with mud or sand substrates. Depths are typically greater than 40 CDFW: CSC cm. Amphibians Coast Range Newt Federal: None Inhabits perennial or intermittent streams with a canopy of oaks, sycamores, Taricha torosa torosa State: None and willow. CDFW: CSC Western spadefoot Federal: FSC Inhabits seasonal pools in coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and grassland Scaphiopus hammondii State: None habitats. CDFW: CSC Reptiles Coast horned lizard Federal: None Inhabits coastal sage scrub and chaparral in arid and semi-arid climate Phrynosoma coronatum blainvillei State: None conditions. CDFW: CSC Coast patch-nosed snake Federal: None Inhabits brushy or shrubby vegetation with small mammal burrows. Salvadora hexalepis virgultea State: None CDFW: CSC Northern red-diamond rattlesnake Federal: None Inhabits chaparral, woodland, grassland, and desert areas with rocky areas Crotalus ruber rubber State: None and dense vegetation. CDFW: CSC Orange-throated whiptail Federal: None Inhabits low-elevation coastal scrub, chaparral, and valley-foothill hardwood Aspidoscelis hyperythra State: None habitats. Prefers sandy washes and other sandy areas with patches of brush CDFW: CSC and rocks. Silvery legless lizard Federal: None Inhabits areas with sandy or loose organic soil, or where there is plenty of leaf Anniella pulchra pulchra State: None litter. Associated with coastal sage scrub, chaparral, coastal dunes, CDFW: CSC valley/foothill grasslands, oak woodlands, and pine forests. Southwestern pond turtle Federal: None Inhabits permanent or nearly permanent bodies of water in many habitat Emys marmorata pallida State: None types. Require basking sites such as partially submerged logs, vegetation CDFW: CSC mats, or open mud banks.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-53 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Species Name Status Habitat Requirements Two-striped garter snake Federal: None Inhabits pools, creeks, cattle tanks, and other water sources, often in rocky Thamnophis hammondii State: None areas, in oak woodland, chaparral, brushland, and coniferous forest. CDFW: CSC Birds Burrowing owl Federal: None Inhabits open, dry annual or perennial grasslands, deserts, and scrublands Athene cunicularia State: None characterized by low-growing vegetation. CDFW: CSC Coastal cactus wren Federal: None Inhabits coastal sage scrub with opuntia cactus for nesting and roosting. Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus State: None sandiegensis CDFW: CSC Golden eagle (nesting and wintering) Federal: None Inhabits rolling foothills, mountain areas, sage-juniper flats, and deserts with Aquila chrysaetos State: None cliff-walled canyons and large trees in open areas. CDFW: FP Grasshopper sparrow (nesting) Federal: None Inhabits dense grasslands on rolling hills, lowland plains, in valleys, and on Ammodramus savannarum State: None hillsides on lower mountain slopes. Favors native grasslands with a mix of CDFW: CSC grasses, forbs, and scattered shrubs. Loosely colonial when nesting. Loggerhead shrike Federal: None Inhabits pastures with fence rows, old orchards, mowed roadsides, Lanius ludovicianus State: None cemeteries, golf courses, riparian areas, open woodland, agricultural fields, CDFW: CSC desert washes, desert scrub, grassland, broken chaparral and beach with scattered shrubs. Long-eared owl (nesting) Federal: None Inhabits riparian bottomlands grown to tall willows and cottonwoods; also, Asio otus State: None belts of live oak paralleling stream courses. CDFW: CSC Northern harrier (nesting) Federal: None Inhabits open habitats such as fields, savannas, meadows, marshes, upland Circus cyaneus State: None prairies, and desert steppe. Also occur in agricultural areas and riparian CDFW: CSC zones. Densest populations are found in large expanses of undisturbed, open habitats with dense, low vegetation. Breeds on meadows and open marshland. Tricolored blackbird (nesting colonies) Federal: None Requires open water, protected nesting substrate, and foraging area with Agelaius tricolor State: None insect prey within a few kilometers of the colony. CDFW: CSC White-tailed kite (nesting) Federal: None Inhabits low elevation open grasslands, savannah-like habitats, agricultural Elanus leucurus State: None areas, wetlands, and oak woodlands. Dense canopies used for nesting and CDFW: CFP cover. Yellow-breasted chat (nesting) Federal: None Inhabits riparian thickets of willow and other brushy tangles often near Icteria virens State: None watercourses. Nests in dense riparian areas consisting of willow, blackberry, CDFW: CSC and wild grape. Yellow warbler (nesting) Federal: None Inhabits lowland and foothill riparian woodlands dominated by cottonwoods, Dendroica petechia State: None alders, or willows and other small trees and shrubs typical of low, open- CDFW: CSC canopy riparian woodland. During migration, forages in woodland, forest, and shrub habitats. Mammals American badger Federal: None Inhabits drier open stages of most shrub, forest, and herbaceous habitats, Taxidea taxis State: None with friable soils. CDFW: CSC Big free-tailed bat Federal: None Roosts in high cliffs or rocky outcrops. Forages over low-lying arid areas. Nyctinomops macrotis State: None CDFW: CSC Mexican long-tongued bat Federal: None Roosts in caves, mines, and buildings. Choeronycteris mexicana State: None CDFW: CSC Northwestern San Diego pocket mouse Federal: None Inhabits coastal sage scrub, sage scrub/grassland ecotones, and chaparral. Chaetodipus fallax fallax State: None CDFW: CSC

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-54 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Species Name Status Habitat Requirements Pallid Bat Federal: None Roosts in a variety of structures including rock crevices, tree hollows, mines, Antrozous pallidus State: None caves and human structures. CDFW: CSC Pocketed free-tailed bat Federal: None Inhabits a variety of arid areas in Southern California including pine-juniper Nyctinomops femorosaccus State: None woodlands, desert scrub, palm oasis, desert wash, and desert riparian. CDFW: CSC Roosts in rocky areas and high cliffs. San Diego desert woodrat Federal: None Inhabits a variety of shrub and desert habitats, primarily associated with rock Neotoma lepida intermedia State: None outcrops, boulders, cacti, or areas of dense undergrowth. CDFW: CSC Western mastiff bat Federal: None Inhabits many open, semi-arid to arid habitats, including conifer and Eumops perotis californicus State: None deciduous woodlands, coastal scrub, grasslands, and chaparral. Roosts in CDFW: CSC crevices in cliff faces, high buildings, trees, and tunnels. Western red bat Federal: None Roosts and forages predominantly in intact sycamore and cottonwood Lasiurus blossevillii State: None riparian habitat. CDFW: CSC Western yellow bat Federal: None Inhabits valley foothill riparian, desert riparian, desert wash, and palm oasis Lasiurus xanthinus State: None habitats. Roosts in trees, particularly palms. Forages over water and among CDFW: CSC trees. Yuma myotis Federal: None Roosts in caves and old-buildings. Forages around areas of open water and Myotis yumanensis State: None in wooded canyons. CDFW: CSC Source: Glen Lukos Associates, Biological Overview for the City of Chino Hills, October 2010 (Appendix D of this EIR).

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-55 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-17 – Special-Status Plants with Potential to Occur in Chino Hills Species Status Habitat Federally or State-Listed Species Braunton's milk-vetch Federal: FE Occurs in closed-cone coniferous forest, chaparral, coastal sage scrub, Astragalus brauntonii State: None valley, and foothill grassland. Usually carbonate soils and recent burn or CNPS: List 1B.1 disturbed areas. Munz's onion Federal: FE Occurs in clay soils in chaparral, coastal sage scrub, and valley and foothill Allium munzii State: ST grasslands. CNPS: List 1B.1 Nevin's barberry Federal: FE Occurs in chaparral, cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, riparian scrub. Berberis nevinii State: SE Occurs on steep, north-facing slopes or in low-grade sandy washes. CNPS: List 1B.1 San Fernando Valley spineflower Federal: None Occurs in coastal sage scrub and valley and foothill grasslands in sandy Chorizanthe parryi var. fernandina State: SE soils. CNPS: 1B.1 Thread-leaved brodiaea Federal: FT Occurs in on clay soils in chaparral (openings), cismontane woodland, Brodiaea filifolia State: SE coastal sage scrub, playas, valley and foothill grassland, vernal pools. CNPS: List 1B.1 Other Special-Status Species Allen’s Pentachaeta Federal: None Occurs in valley and foothill grassland and openings in coastal sage scrub. Pentachaeta aurea ssp. allenii State: None CNPS: List 1B.1 Brand’s phacelia Federal: None Occurs on coastal dunes and in coastal sage scrub with sandy soils. Phacelia stellaris State: None Known to occur in open areas of sage scrub associated with the Santa Ana CNPS: List 1B.1 River floodplain. California black walnut Federal: None Occurs in chaparral, cismontane woodland and coastal sage scrub in Juglans californica State: None alluvial soils. CNPS: List 4.2 California satintail Federal: None Occurs in chaparral, coastal scrub, Mojavean desert scrub, meadows and Imperata brevifolia State: None seeps (often alkali), and riparian scrub/mesic habitats in wet springs, CNPS: List 2.1 meadows, stream sides, and flood plains. California saw-grass Federal: None Occurs in freshwater or alkaline marshes, seeps, meadows, and swamps. Cladium californicum State: None CNPS: List 2.2 Chaparral nolina Federal: None Occurs in chaparral and coastal scrub on sandstone and shale substrates. Nolina cismontane State: None CNPS: List 1B.2 Chaparral ragwort Federal: None Occurs in alkaline flats in chaparral, cismontane woodland and coastal Senecio aphanactis State: None scrub CNPS: List 2.2 Chaparral sand verbena Federal: None Occurs in sandy areas in chaparral and coastal scrub. Abronia villosa var. aurita State: None CNPS: List 1B.1 Coulter’s saltbush Federal: None Occurs in coastal bluff scrub, coastal dunes, coastal scrub, valley and Atriplex coulteri State: None foothill grassland. Ocean bluffs, ridge tops, as well as alkaline low places. CNPS: List 1B.2 Davidson’s saltscale Federal: None Occurs in alkaline soil in coastal bluff scrub and coastal scrub. Atriplex serenana var. davidsonii State: None CNPS: List 1B.2 Heart-leaved pitcher sage Federal: None Occurs in closed-cone coniferous forest, chaparral, and cismontane Lepechinia cardiophylla State: None woodland. Occurring on gabbroic, metavolcanic, or serpentinite soils. CNPS: List 1B.2 Intermediate mariposa lily Federal: None Occurs in coastal scrub, chaparral, and valley and foothill grassland. Dry, Calochortus weedii var. intermedius State: None rocky open slopes and rock outcrops. CNPS: List 1B.2

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-56 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Species Status Habitat Long-spined spineflower Federal: None Occurs in clay soils in chaparral, coastal sage scrub, meadows and seeps, Chorizanthe polygonoides var. longispina State: None and valley and foothill grasslands. CNPS: List 1B.2 Malibu baccharis Federal: None Occurs in chaparral, cismontane woodland, coastal sage scrub, riparian Baccharis malibuensis State: None woodland. CNPS: List 1B.1 Many-stemmed dudleya Federal: None Occurs in chaparral, coastal scrub, and valley and foothill grassland, in Dudleya multicaulis State: None heavy, often clayey soils. CNPS: List 1B.2 Mesa horkelia Federal: None Occurs in sandy or gravelly sites in chaparral, cismontane woodland, and Horkelia cuneata ssp. puberula State: None coastal scrub. CNPS: List 1B.1 Parry's spineflower Federal: None Occurs in sandy or rocky soils in open habitats of chaparral and coastal Chorizanthe parryi var. parryi State: None sage scrub. CNPS: List 1B.1 Plummer’s mariposa lily Federal: None Occurs in rocky and sandy sites, usually of granitic or alluvial material in Calochortus plummerae State: None coastal scrub, chaparral, valley and foothill grassland, cismontane CNPS: List 1B.2 woodland, and lower montane coniferous forest. Prostrate vernal pool navarretia Federal: None Occurs in vernal pools, coastal sage scrub, alkaline valley and foothill Navarretia prostrata State: None grassland, meadows and seeps. CNPS: List 1B.1 Robinson’s pepper-grass Federal: None Occurs in dry soils in chaparral and coastal scrub. Lepidium virginicum var. robinsonii State: None CNPS: 1B.2 Round-leaved filaree Federal: None Occurs in clay soils in cismontane woodland, valley, and foothill grassland. Erodium macrophyllum State: None CNPS: List 1B.1 Salt spring checkerbloom Federal: None Occurs in alkali springs and marshes in alkali playas, brackish marshes, Sidalcea neomexicana State: None chaparral, coastal scrub, lower montane coniferous forest, and Mojavean CNPS: List 2.2 desert scrub. San Bernardino aster Federal: None Occurs in cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, lower montane coniferous Symphyotrichum defoliatum State: None forest, meadows and seeps, marshes and swamps, and valley and foothill CNPS: 1B.2 grassland (vernally mesic)/near ditches, streams springs. Smooth tarplant Federal: None Occurs in alkaline soils in chenopod scrub, meadows and seeps, playas, Centromadia pungens ssp. laevis State: None riparian woodland, valley and foothill grasslands, disturbed habitats. CNPS: List 1B.1 Southern tarplant Federal: None Occurs in marshes and swamps, valley and foothill grassland, and vernal Centromadia parryi ssp. australis State: None pools. Often in disturbed sites near the coast, also in alkaline soils CNPS: List 1B.1 sometimes with salt grass. Vernal barley Federal: None Occurs in coastal dunes, coastal sage scrub, valley and foothill grassland Hordeum intercedens State: None (saline flats and depressions), and vernal pools. CNPS: List 3.2 White rabbit-tobacco Federal: None Occurs on sandy or gravelly slopes or in stream bottoms, arroyos, and Pseudognaphalium leucocephaleum State: None areas of oak-sycamore, oak-pine, to pine woodlands. Commonly found in CNPS: 2.2 riparian vegetation. Federal Listing Definitions State Listing Definitions Fe = Federally Endangered SE = State Endangered FT = Federally Threatened ST = State Threatened California Native Plant Society Listing Definitions California Native Plant Society Threat Code Extensions List 1B = Rare, threatened, or endangered in California and elsewhere 1 = Seriously endangered in California (over 80% occurrences List 2 = Rare, threatened, or endangered in California, but more common threatened) elsewhere 2 = Fairly endangered in California (20-80% occurrences threatened) List 3 = Plants about which more information is needed 3 = Not very endangered in California (<20% of occurrences threatened or no current threats known) Source: Glen Lukos Associates, Biological Overview for the City of Chino Hills, October 2010 (Appendix D of this EIR).

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-57 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

5. Wildlife Movement research and planning efforts to identify critical Portions of the City are within the Puente-Chino habitat that supports endangered and threatened Hills Wildlife Corridor, providing connectivity to species. The CDFW has similar duties for listings Coal Canyon to the south, Puente Hills to the and permitting with respect to plants and wildlife north, and the Prado Basin to the east. that occur within the state’s natural landscapes. Maintaining connectivity, where it has not already Rare and threatened plants are also being been severed, is essential to maintain genetic monitored by the California Native Plant Society, diversity and provide colonization opportunities which is recognized as an expert source for following local extinctions, thus maintaining the information on the general occurrences of and long-term integrity of meta-populations. In the threats to plants that are native to California’s urbanized areas, the opportunities for wildlife landscapes. CNPS publications and sensitivity movement range from highly constrained settings ratings do not have regulatory authority; however, where wildlife movement may be restricted to a their information is often regarded as essential man-made culvert, to more expansive areas that input in determining the biological status of many afford “live-in” habitat for some species while plant species. conveying movement between surrounding The main federal and state regulations governing development for a broader suite of species. protection of biological resources are identified Perennial streams in the City, including Little below. Chino Creek, provides habitat for the Arroyo chub, a fish classified by CDFW as a California Federal Endangered Species Act (16 United Species of Concern. This fish, where it may occur, States Code [USC] 153 et seq.) occupies the habitat throughout its life cycle and The Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 does not migrate to other streams or water (FESA) protects plants and animals that are listed bodies. There are no known migratory fish routes by the federal government as “Endangered” or in the City. There are no perennial streams or “Threatened.” The FESA is implemented by rivers that provide fish migration routes, and enforcing Sections 7 and 9 of the Act. A federally there are no wildlife nursery sites that support listed species is protected from unauthorized migratory bird routes in the City. “take” pursuant to Section 9 of the FESA. “Take,” 4.4.2 Regulatory Framework as defined by the FESA, means “to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or Plants, wildlife, and some insect species are to attempt to engage in any such conduct”. All protected by federal and/or state regulations persons are currently prohibited from taking a intended to prevent the extinction of species due federally listed species unless and until 1) the to human factors such as declining habitat appropriate Section 10(a) permit has been issued resulting from urban expansion, harmful hunting by the USFWS or 2) an incidental Take Statement and fishing practices, illegal captures and killings, is obtained as a result of formal consultation pollution, and poisonings. The primary regulatory between a federal agency and the USFWS pursuant frameworks pertaining to protection of plants and to Section 7 of the FESA and the implementing wildlife resources are the Federal Endangered regulations that pertain to it (50 Code of Federal Species Act and the California Endangered Species Regulations §402). “Person” is defined in the FESA Act. Each Act lists species that meet specified as “an individual, corporation, partnership, trust, criteria for designation as threatened or association, or any private entity; any officer, endangered, or are facing threats that may lead to employee, agent, department or instrument of the more serious endangerment. The USFWS federal government; any State, Municipality, or administers and enforces the U.S. ESA through a political subdivision of the state; or any other variety of permitting procedures and through

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-58 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

entity subject to the jurisdiction of the United operations. A 1994 Memorandum (59 CFR 22953, States”. The Project Applicant is a “person” for April 29, 1994) from President William J. Clinton purposes of the FESA. to the heads of Executive Agencies and Departments sets out the policy concerning Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 collection and distribution of eagle feathers for Native American religious purposes. (16 USC 703-711) The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918, as amended California Endangered Species Act (California in 1972 (MBTA), makes it unlawful, unless Fish and Game Code §2050, et seq.) permitted by regulations, to “pursue; hunt; take; capture; kill; attempt to take, capture or kill; Pursuant to the California Endangered Species Act possess; offer for sale; sell; offer to purchase; (CESA) and §2081 of the California Fish and Game purchase; deliver for shipment; ship; cause to be Code, an incidental take permit from the CDFW is shipped; deliver for transportation; transport; cause required for projects that could result in the take to be transported; carry or cause to be carried by of a state-listed Threatened or Endangered any means whatever; receive for shipment, species. Under CESA, “take” is defined as an transportation, or carriage; or export, at any time, activity that would directly or indirectly kill an or in any manner, any migratory bird … or any part, individual of a species, but the definition does not nest, or egg of any such bird.”13 include “harm” or “harass,” as the federal act does. As a result, the threshold for a take under In 1972, the MBTA was amended to include the CESA is higher than that under the FESA. A protection for migratory birds of prey (e.g., CDFW-authorized Incidental Take Permit would be raptors). Six families of raptors occurring in North required where a project could result in the take America were included in the amendment: of a state-listed Threatened or Endangered Accipitridae (kites, hawks, and eagles), Species. The application for an incidental take Cathartidae (New World vultures), Falconidae permit under §2081(b) has a number of (falcons and caracaras), Pandionidae (ospreys), requirements including the preparation of a Strigidae (typical owls), and Tytonidae (barn owls). conservation plan, generally referred to as a The provisions of the 1972 amendment to the Habitat Conservation Plan. MBTA protect all species and subspecies of these families. The State of California considers an Endangered Species to be one whose prospects of survival and Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act reproduction are in immediate jeopardy; a Threatened Species as one present in such small (16 USC §668) numbers throughout its range that it is likely to This Act provides for the protection of the bald become an Endangered Species in the near future eagle and the golden eagle by prohibiting, except in the absence of special protection or manage- under certain specified conditions, the taking, ment; and a Rare Species as one present in such possession, and commerce of these bird species. small numbers throughout its range that it may The 1972 amendments increased penalties for become Endangered if its present environment violating provisions of the Act and strengthened worsens. The Rare Species designation applies other enforcement measures. A 1978 amendment only to California native plants. The CESA authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to permit authorizes the CDFW to issue permits authorizing the taking of golden eagle nests that interfere incidental take of Threatened and Endangered with resource development or recovery Species. A California Species of Special Concern (SSC) is an informal designation that the CDFW 13 16 United States Code §703-712 uses for some declining wildlife species that are

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-59 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

not State Candidates for listing. This designation bird, except as otherwise provided by or any does not provide legal protection, but signifies regulation made pursuant to this code. that these species are recognized as special Section 3503.5 explicitly provides protection status by the CDFW. for all birds of prey, including their eggs and nests. Section 3513 makes it unlawful to take California Fish and Game Code §§1600 through or possess any migratory non-game bird as designated in the MBTA. 1616 All diversions, obstructions, or changes to the Title 14, California Code of Regulations, natural flow or bed, channel or bank of any river, §§670.2 and 670.5 stream, or lake in California that support wildlife resources and/or riparian vegetation are subject to These sections list species, subspecies, and CDFW regulations, pursuant to §§1600-1616 of varieties of plants (§670.2) and animals (§670.5) the California Fish and Game Code. Under §1602, that are designated as Threatened or Endangered it is unlawful for any person to substantially divert (as defined by §2067 of the Fish and Game Code) or obstruct the natural flow or substantially or Rare (as defined by §1901 of the Fish and change the bed, channel or bank of any river, Game Code) in California. stream or lake designated by CDFW as waters within their jurisdiction without first notifying Biotic Resources Overlay District CDFW of such activity. Additionally, a person cannot use any material from the streambeds The Chino Hills Municipal Code includes a Biotic without first notifying CDFW of such activity. For a Resources Overlay District, which applies to areas project that may affect stream channels and/or of the City that have been identified by a state or riparian vegetation regulated under §§1600-1616, federal agency as potential habitat for plants or CDFW authorization is required in the form of a animals officially listed as threatened, endangered Streambed Alteration Agreement. or sensitive by the state of California and/or the federal government. These areas are generally mapped in Figure 4-3 – CNDDB Identified Special Additional Fish and Game Code Sections Status Species in Chino Hills. Any proposed §1900, et seq. – The Native Plant Protection development within these areas will require Act provides for the preservation, protection, appropriate biological resource surveys to assess and enhancement of Endangered or Rare native the potential for special-status species and their plants in California. These sections also allow habitats. Where there is a potential for special- for the adoption of regulations governing the status species or habitat to occur outside the taking, possession, propagation, overlay boundaries, appropriate biological transportation, exportation, importation, or resource surveys will be required. sale of any endangered or rare native plants. The City also has several conservation easements §3511, §4700, §5050, and §5515 –These over mitigation areas that have been set aside to sections provide a provision for the protection offset impacts to biological resources associated of bird, mammal, reptile, amphibian, and fish with City maintenance and public improvement species that are “fully protected.” Fully projects. These areas have been established protected animals may not be harmed, taken, through permitting agreements with CDFW and or possessed. will continue to be maintained pursuant to their respective permits. §3503, §3503.5, and §3513 – These sections state that it is unlawful to take, possess, or needlessly destroy the nest or eggs of any

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-60 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-3 – CNDDB Identified Special Status Species in Chino Hills

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-61 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.4.3 Proposed Conservation Element In addition, to address concerns raised by the Goals, Policies and Actions Related Wildlife Corridor Conservation Authority in its September 5, 2014 comments to the EIR, Actions to Biological Resources CN-1.2.7 is added to the Conservation Element: Goal CN-1: Preserve Chino Hill’s Rural Character [Existing Major Goal 1] Action CN-1.2.7: Require a wildlife movement study for any project, including any new or Policy CN-1.1: Preserve and protect Chino Hills’ extended roadway, potentially adversely rural and natural scenic qualities. [Existing affecting wildlife movement. This shall include Policy 1-1, modified] identification of, and if warranted mitigation Action CN-1.1.4: Keep canyon floors as close to protect, existing habitat linkages, wildlife as close as possible to their natural condition corridors, wildlife movement in the vicinity, to accommodate natural periodic flooding, and crossing structures at freeways and major wildlife habitat, and native riparian plants. roadways; and recommended project design [Existing Policy 1-3, modified] changes and avoidance, minimization, and mitigation measures to offset potentially Policy CN-1.2: Preserve and protect Chino Hills’ significant adverse impacts to wildlife biological resources. [New] movement. For a new or extended roadway that Action CN-1.2.1: Preserve natural open spaces is anticipated to result in a significant adverse that act as wildlife corridors. [Existing Policy 1- impact to wildlife movement, require project 1, modified] design changes and/or avoidance, minimization, and/or mitigation measures Action CN-1.2.2: Discourage new development which could include, but not be limited to: in areas that contain sensitive, rare, or construction of wildlife crossings (e.g., endangered species, oak woodlands, chaparral, underpass, overpass), fencing to guide wildlife, and riparian habitats. [Existing Objective 2-1] native plant restoration, and/or a lighting plan Action CN-1.2.3: Preserve oak woodlands, (to ensure that any new lighting does not deter riparian areas, and fresh water marshes to the wildlife through remaining habitat linkages. maximum extent feasible. [Existing Policy 2-2]

Action CN-1.2.4: Require City approval to 4.4.4 Thresholds of Significance remove trees that in the opinion of the City Significant impacts relative to biological resources function as an important part of the City's or a are evaluated in this section based on the criteria neighborhood's aesthetic character. [Existing set forth in Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. Policy 2-4 modified] Implementation of the General Plan Update could Action CN-1.2.5: Limit channeling of streams to have a significant adverse impact if it would do the minimal improvements necessary for flood any of the following: control as determined by a City approved a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either project-specific hydrologic analysis, and directly or through habitat modifications, encourage these improvements to have a on any species identified as a candidate, natural appearance. [Existing Land Use sensitive, or special status species in local Policy 4-3] or regional plans, policies, or regulations, Action CN-1.2.6: Require biological resource or by the California Department of Fish surveys prior to proposed development within and Wildlife or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife the Biotic Resources Overlay District and in Service other areas where there is a potential for b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any special-status species or habitat to occur. riparian habitat or other sensitive natural

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-62 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

community identified in local or regional riparian vegetation, found throughout the City. plans, policies, regulations or by the The Land Use Element designates those California Department of Fish and Game undeveloped natural landscapes for or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Agriculture/Ranches uses or for Public or Private c) Have a substantial adverse effect on Open Space, for the most part, so there is very federally protected wetlands as defined by limited potential for land development to affect Section 404 of the Clean Water Act habitat that supports a special status species. (including, but not limited to, marsh, Conservation Element Action CN-1.2.2 vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct discourages new development in areas that removal, filling, hydrological interruption, contain sensitive, rare, or endangered species, or other means oak woodlands, chaparral, and riparian habitats, d) Interfere substantially with the movement which further reduces potential impacts. of any native resident or migratory fish or Any land owner engaged in modification of the wildlife species or with established native natural landscape is obligated to comply with resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or federal and state regulations to protect candidate, impede the use of native wildlife nursery sensitive, or special status species. If a land sites development project should be proposed within an e) Conflict with any local policies or Agriculture/Ranches designated area and that ordinances protecting biological proposal is subject to the City’s discretionary land resources, such as a tree preservation use approval process, an environmental review of policy or ordinance that proposal would be conducted, in accordance f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted with the City’s Lead Agency obligations under Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural CEQA. This environmental review would include a Community Conservation Plan, or other biological survey to identify any habitat that approved local, regional, or state habitat supports special status species and to assess the conservation plan potential impacts to such species that would occur as a result of that development proposal. Whenever 4.4.5 Project Impacts special status species could be impacted, consultation/coordination with the pertinent state Would the project: and federal resource agencies would be undertaken a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either to determine the level of impact significance and directly or through habitat modifications, on appropriate avoidance or mitigation measures. any species identified as a candidate, Such measures may include alternative designs sensitive, or special status species in local or and/or offsetting and compensating measures such regional plans, policies or regulations, or by as habitat replacement on and off-site. the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? Implementation of Conservation Element Action CN-1.2.2 and continued compliance with federal and state regulations to protect special status Impact Discussion species, along with continued administration of Special status plants and animal species are most the City’s local CEQA procedures, is expected to likely to occur in the undeveloped natural avoid significant impacts to special status species. landscapes found in the western perimeter of the The General Plan Update would have a less than City, in the annual grasslands and sage scrub significant impact on candidate, sensitive or areas in the southeastern part of the City, and special status species. along various drainage courses that still contain

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-63 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Mitigation Measure Other vegetation communities considered to be sensitive natural communities by CDFW and/or None required USFWS, include:

• Impact Finding California Walnut Woodland • Coastal Sage Scrub Less than significant impact • Oak Woodland • Freshwater Emergent Wetland

Would the project: These sensitive natural communities cover b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any approximately 2,801 acres, which is riparian habitat or other sensitive natural approximately 13% of the entire City planning community identified in local or regional area. They are found primarily in the western and plans, policies, regulations or by the southeastern perimeters of the City, on land California Department of Fish and Wildlife or designated in the Land Use Element for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? Agriculture/Ranches, Very Low Density Residential, and Public and Private Open Space. Impact Discussion There is thus very limited potential for impacts to As noted in Section 4.4.1, Existing Conditions most of the sensitive natural communities. herein, there are approximately 637 acres (1.9% of Further, proposed Conservation Element Actions City) of riparian habitats found in the undeveloped CN-1.2.3 and CN-1.2.3 specifically discourages parts of the City, mainly in the western perimeter. development where it would impact riparian These riparian areas include the following habitat areas, oak woodlands, and freshwater marshes. types, as shown on Figure 4-2. Southern willow scrub communities occur along major drainages and are found throughout the • Southern Willow Scrub City, mostly on the edges of developed areas. The • Coast Live Oak Riparian Forest largest concentration of Southern willow scrub, • Sycamore-Alder Riparian Woodland however, occurs in the undeveloped floodplain Riparian habitats within the City in general have area southeast of the City’s industrial park area the potential to support a number of special- on the eastern side of SR-71. This land is status birds, including but not limited to the least designated in the Land Use Element for public and Bell’s vireo, southwestern willow flycatcher, private open spaces, so there is very low potential western yellow-billed cuckoo, yellow-breasted for any land development to impact those chat, yellow warbler, and white-tailed kite. resources. Species such as the willow flycatcher and yellow- Through the same CEQA process described in the billed cuckoo may only occur within the City as preceding discussion of Impact 4.4.6.1, potential spring and fall migrants, whereas species such as impacts to riparian and other sensitive natural the least Bell’s vireo, yellow-breasted chat, and communities will be assessed as part of the City’s white-tailed kite have a higher potential of review of any future discretionary land use breeding within the City. As noted by the CNDDB, proposals. That process will ensure that such least Bell’s vireo and white-tailed kite have been sensitive resources are properly identified, that detected within the City. Species with the alternatives to avoid or mitigate impacts are potential to occur in aquatic habitats include the examined, and that compliance with applicable Santa Ana sucker, the arroyo chub, the coast federal and state regulations to protect those range California newt, the southwestern pond resources is assured. With this continuing turtle, and the two-striped garter snake. planning program, significant impacts to riparian and other sensitive natural communities would be

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-64 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

avoided. The General Plan Update would have a wetlands, and consider design alternatives and/or less than significant impact on riparian areas and mitigation measures to avoid or reduce impacts. other sensitive natural communities. Anyone who proposes to alter land in a way that would encroach into or otherwise physically impact Mitigation Measure wetlands is subject to permit compliance with the None required regulations set forth in Section 401 and 404 of the federal Clean Water Act. These permit requirements Impact Finding include precise delineations of the wetland resources subject to federal jurisdiction, an Less than significant assessment of the development impact, and examination of wetlands avoidance and mitigation alternatives. Compliance with the conditions of the Would the project: federal permits must be demonstrated before the c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally City will issue a grading permit for a project that protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 could impact wetlands, and full compliance with all of the Clean Water Act (including, but not mitigation requirements must be achieved before limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) the project can be completed. While some wetlands through direct removal, filling, hydrological alterations could occur under some circumstances, interruption, or other means? adherence to the City’s Conservation Element Impact Discussion Action CN-1.2.3 to preserve wetland resources and compliance with existing federal regulations and Most of the wetlands in the City are concentrated permit requirements designed to preserve wetlands within Tonner Canyon. There are additional values is expected to avoid significant impacts to concentrations Carbon Creek, south of its wetlands as a result of the long term confluence with Little Chino Creek, between two implementation of the General Plan Update. The developed areas. These major wetlands occur in General Plan Update would have a less than the western part of the City, in the areas denoted significant impact on federally protected wetlands. as Freshwater Emergent Wetland on Figure 4-2 – Vegetation Communities in Chino Hills. There may Mitigation Measure be other, smaller wetlands features where there is sufficient soils, hydrophitic plants and regular None required water source to support wetlands conditions. The Land Use Element Map designates the land Impact Finding surrounding these major wetland areas for Agriculture/Ranches, which allows for very low Less than significant impact. density residential development and related agricultural and ranch lifestyle land uses. There is thus limited potential for development related impacts to the wetland resources. Conservation Element Action CN-1.2.3 requires preservation of riparian areas and fresh water marshes to the maximum extent feasible, further reducing the potential for impacts. As part of the City’s CEQA implementation procedures, land use proposals that could impact wetlands would need to identify wetland features, determine project impacts to

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-65 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Would the project: potentially significant impacts can be identified, along with design alternatives and/or mitigation d) Interfere substantially with the movement of measures to avoid or reduce impacts in any native resident or migratory fish or accordance with the policies of the Conservation wildlife species or with established native Element. resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery With the guiding policies of the Conservation sites? Element to preserve wildlife corridors and related habitat, and continued implementation of the Impact Discussion City’s CEQA procedures, significant impacts to There are many opportunities for local and wildlife movement are not anticipated as a result regional wildlife movement, including to and from of the General Plan Update. Chino Hills State Park. Medium and large The General Plan Update would have a less than mammals utilize prominent ridgelines, trails, and significant impact on wildlife movement. riparian drainages for movement, including developed areas. Developed areas provide attractions for wildlife that have become adapted Mitigation Measure to urban settings for food, water, and shelter, None required such as coyotes and raccoons. A majority of the areas available for large mammal movement occur Impact Finding in Chino Hills State Park (CHSP) and in the undeveloped hillsides in the western perimeter of Less than significant the City, within the Puente Hills. CHSP was established, in part, to preserve wildlife Would the project: movement and related habitat, and the land sue plan for that park would not allow for land e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances alterations that would disrupt wildlife movement. protecting biological resources, such as a tree In the Puente Hills area, the General Plan Update preservation policy or ordinance? designates the land for Agriculture/Ranches, Impact Discussion which would allow for very low density residential and small-scale agricultural and ranch lifestyle The General Plan Update would retain the City’s uses. These types of land uses typically require existing biological resource protections and less grading and involve larger properties where would add Policy CN-1.2 in the Conservation opportunities to cluster development outside of Element to strengthen the City’s commitment to biologically sensitive areas are enhanced. protection of such resources. As such, the General Plan Update would not conflict with any adopted Proposed Conservation Element Action CN-1.1.4 local policies or ordinances involving biological is to preserve canyon floors in natural conditions resources. to protect wildlife habitat, and this would help reduce impacts to wildlife movement through canyon floors. Conservation Element Action Mitigation Measure CN-1.2.1 is to preserve natural open spaces that None act as wildlife corridors and this will help avoid and reduce impacts to wildlife movement in the Impact Finding Puente and Chino Hills parts of the City. Individual development projects will be evaluated with No impact respect to potential impacts to wildlife movement, as part of the City’s CEQA procedures, so that

Section 4.4 – Biological Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-66 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Would the project: Impact Finding f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted No impact Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, 4.4.6 Cumulative Impacts regional, or state habitat conservation plan? Impact Discussion Impact Discussion In the preceding assessments of impacts to There are no adopted Habitat Conservation Plans biological resources with respect to the six or Natural Community Conservation Plans in the significance thresholds, no significant impacts have City, outside of Chino Hills State Park (CHSP). The been identified, and no mitigation measures are California Department of Parks and Recreation required beyond the City’s existing CEQA (CDPR) owns and manages the CHSP, and CDPR’s procedures, adherence to Conservation Element land management restrictions govern the use of policies and actions, and compliance with existing all land in the CHSP. The General Plan Update state and federal regulatory frameworks to protect would have no effect on the CHSP land use plan or biological resources. Impacts that could occur the manner in which the Inland Empire District of throughout the City have been considered, and CDPR manages that land. Proposed Land Use there is no indication that the General Plan Update Element Action LU-1.16 encourages clustering of could have a significant impact on biological development, where appropriate, to minimize resources outside of the City or on regional grading, roadway and driveway intrusions into resources that occur within and beyond the City. sensitive habitat, open spaces, and the CHSP. If a While there will likely be some adverse impacts to land use proposal were to be submitted to the biological resources as a result of conversion of City that proposed alterations to land adjacent to undeveloped land to various types of land uses the CHSP, the City would consult with CDPR to permitted by the proposed Land Use Element, ensure that there would be no conflicts with the cumulative impacts would be less than significant. habitat conservation provisions established for the CHSP. The General Plan Update would have no Mitigation Measure impact on local, regional, or state habitat conservation plans. None

Mitigation Measure Impact Finding None Less than significant

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.4 – Biological Resources page 4-67

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

mission, including the Chino Hills area. The

4.5 Cultural Resources inhabitants of Pashiinonga and other villages were forcibly relocated to the Mission. The lands This section characterizes the paleontological, were used for ranching activities, mostly cattle archaeological, and historical setting of the City grazing, to support the Mission. In the 1820s, the of Chino Hills (City), identifies important Mexican government gained control of California paleontological and cultural resources that have and by 1834 the mission lands were being been documented, lists Updated Conservation redistributed as private land grants called Element policies and actions to protect important “ranchos.” resources, and evaluates the potential for impacts to undiscovered resources that might occur The 22,000-acre Rancho Santa Ana del Chino was during future major earth-moving activities. granted in 1841 to Antonio Maria Lugo, a prominent Mexican citizen. One of Lugo’s The background information concerning the daughters married Isaac Williams, an American cultural and paleontological resources setting and born man who had become a Mexican citizen. The pertinent regulatory frameworks is condensed couple settled on the ranch and built an adobe from “Paleontological and Cultural Resources of home. Shortly thereafter, 17,280 acres adjoining Chino Hills for the General Plan Update, City of Rancho Santa Ana del Chino were granted to Isaac Chino Hills, California.”14 The complete Williams. paleontological and cultural resources assessment is provided as Appendix E of this EIR. In September of 1846, as war between Mexico and the United States was declared, the first 4.5.1 Existing Conditions battle of the war took place at the Williams’ adobe. A party of Americans on the way to Los 1. History of Chino Hills Angeles to quell Californios15 stopped at the The prehistoric cultural chronology for the Chino adobe to rest. The Californios sent a group to the Hills area divides prehistory into three periods: adobe to cut off the Americans, and a battle Milling Stone at 8 thousand to 3 thousand years ensued. After the American bullets were before present, Intermediate at 3 thousand to 1.4 exhausted, the roof of the adobe was set on fire. thousand years before present, and Late at 1.4 Williams surrendered to save the lives of his thousand to 150 years before present. children. The Americans were taken prisoner and marched to Los Angeles. The prisoners were all All of Chino Hills is within the traditional tribal freed when other American forces reoccupied Los territory of the Tongva/Gabrielino, which is Angeles. It took nearly four more months and believed to have inhabited the area beginning in four more battles before a peace treaty was the Milling Stone or Intermediate period, signed shifting control of California to the United approximately 3,000 years before present. These States. people are believed to have established the village of Pashiinonga, which was located on a After the war, Williams repaired his house and rise above Chino Creek. This village would have resumed his activities. Williams applied for and been a base with smaller satellite villages and received a patent for all the acreage of Rancho seasonal camps in the vicinity. Beginning in 1771, Mission San Gabriel was given 15 California residents of the period when California control over all the lands east and south of the was part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain and governed from Mexico City. During the Mexican- American War, the “Californios” were loyal to 14 Prepared by Cogstone for the City of Chino Hills, Mexico, while the “Americans” were Californians February 2011 loyal to the United States.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources page 4-69 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Santa Ana del Chino and its addition. It became Country Club on the eastern edge of Chino Hills. known as Chino Ranch. After Williams’ death, his It featured recreation activities along with home daughters stayed involved with the ranch. One of sites. The Bridger/Gird Adobe was the original the daughters, Victoria Regina Williams, married golf course clubhouse but burned down in 1957. Joseph Bridger, and the couple built a second In 1954, an 800-acre site south of Soquel Canyon adobe, located south of the Williams adobe in was selected for an Aerojet facility that assembled what is now Los Serranos. and tested ordinance for the United States In 1874, burdened by drought, flood, and new Department of Defense. Use continued until American taxes, the entire Chino Ranch was sold 1995. In 1963, the Western Hills Golf and Country to Richard Gird who moved in to the property and Club opened. Beginning in the late 1970s, continued ranching. Gird subdivided the eastern residential development increased in Chino Hills portion and developed the town of Chino, while with a major boom in the 1980s. This residential retaining the future Chino Hills as a ranch and development occurred mostly in the central area residing in the Bridger adobe. In 1894, Gird sold of Chino Hills and was organized into planned the remaining ranch acreage, and it was communities known as Carbon Canyon, The Oaks, subsequently broken into small parcels and sold Woodview, and Los Serranos. to various buyers. Some of the parcels were In 1979, the County of San Bernardino initiated explored for oil and wells installed following the preparation of the Chino Hills Specific Plan, a late 1890s discovery of oil in the Brea-Olinda document that planned for the eventual develop- Field west of Chino Hills. In 1909, Boys Republic ment of 18,000 acres of Chino Hills land. The purchased and occupied 240 acres including the area had been protected from haphazard former location of Isaac Williams’ adobe and development because the land was not flat probably the village of Pashiinonga. Other enough to build inexpensively. However, it was portions of the former Gird property were used clear that development pressures were moving for ranching, farming, milk production and other toward Chino Hills. The Chino Hills Specific Plan agricultural activities. was the first in the State of California to be In 1914, a trio of Los Angeles businessmen designed for an unincorporated area. A Citizen’s purchased property in western Chino Hills that Advisory Committee and County officials worked they named Tres Hermanos Ranch. The three in cooperation with 150 property owners to businessmen were Harry Chandler of the Los develop the Plan. The Specific Plan called for Angeles Times, wildcat oil driller turned elite clustered residential development concentrated in attorney Tom Scott, and William Rowland, former village cores, decreasing in density away from the Los Angeles County Sheriff and descendant of core in order to protect as much open space as wealthy La Puente rancher John Rowland. The possible. three men used the Tres Hermanos Ranch as a In 1991 the City of Chino Hills incorporated and. working cattle ranch, for family weekends, and Both additional residential areas and retail centers for an annual private-invitation-only spring were planned. In the late 1990s, residential round up with rodeo, branding, and barbeque for developments were built in the Butterfield Ranch, fellow members of the Los Angeles elite. In 1978, Rincon, Gordon Ranch, Laband and Rolling Ridge the City of Industry bought Tres Hermanos, It has Estate areas of the City. The Laband area included continued as a working cattle ranch. development of the English Road equestrian area, In 1922, the Sleepy Hollow Resort, located south which remains an integral part of the City’s of Tres Hermanos, debuted with 80 acres equestrian community. Development of these subdivided for weekend getaway cabins. By 1925, areas was accompanied by construction of major a golf course was completed at Los Serranos shopping centers. In recent years, the City

Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-70 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

constructed a new community park, civic center, requested from the Native American Heritage fire station, library, post office, and other Commission (NAHC), who provided a list of community facilities. contacts with Tribes known to have colonized Southern California. Native American tribes and 2. Archaeological and Historical individuals contacted responded that the entire Resources city is sensitive for prehistoric resources. In a Archaeological resources are remains of past June 7, 2010 response to that request, NAHC human life and activities, including artifacts from provided information that Native American settlements, hunting, fishing, camping, tools, cultural resources were found within areas of the burials, primitive currency, and cookware that Prado Dam and San Dimas U.S. quadrangle maps, span from the earliest stone-age tools to objects and provided a list of seven Native American that are buried or thrown away in the modern tribes with potential cultural resources in Chino day. Hills. These tribes included the San Manuel Band of Mission Indians, the Soboba Band of Mission Historical resources are those that are listed or Indians, the Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band have potential to be listed on the National of Mission Indians, the Gabrieleno/Tongva Register of Historic Places, the California Register Nation, the Morongo Band of Mission Indians, the of Historical Resources, or a local register of Pechanga Band of Mission Indians, and the historical resources. To be eligible for the Serrano Nation of Indians. National or California Register, the site, structure, or district needs to generally comply with one or The City subsequently contacted each of the more of the following criteria: seven tribes inviting each tribe to consult with the City for the purpose of preserving or mitigating 1. Is associated with events that have made impacts to cultural places located within Chino a significant contribution to the broad Hills. Two of the tribes, the Soboba Band of patterns of our history; or Mission Indians and the Gabrieleno/Tongva 2. Is associated with the lives of persons Nation, responded to the City requesting significant in our past; or consultation. Research conducted through the 3. Embodies the distinctive characteristics of City’s paleontological and cultural resources a type, period, or method of construction assessment (Appendix E) supports that Chino or that represents the work of a master, Hills is within the traditional tribal territory of the or that possess high artistic values, or Tongva/Gabrielino. In October 2010, the City that represents a significant and invited the two tribes to meet and provide distinguishable entity whose components information regarding expected cultural may lack individual distinction; or resources and potential concerns regarding the 4. Yields, or may be likely to yield, General Plan Update process; no response from information important to prehistory or the tribes was received by the City. history. In response to the General Plan Update EIR Notice In addition, eligibility generally requires that the of Preparation, NAHC submitted a comment letter structure was built at least 50 years ago or (dated June 12, 2013) that indicated that a Sacred otherwise possesses exceptional significance. Lands File search was conducted and failed to indicate the presence of Native American Contact with Native American Representatives traditional cultural places in the immediate project area. The NAHC response letter also As required by California Government Code, stated that other sources of cultural resources §65352.3, a Sacred Lands File search was should be contacted for information regarding

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources page 4-71 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

known and recorded sites, and included a when it used agricultural training as the consultation list of tribal governments. The list primary method of helping troubled youth identified two additional Native American tribes, and during which they constructed most of the Ramona Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians and the buildings on the property. This could be the Kern Valley Indian Council.16 Because the defined as a locally important event City’s Cultural and Paleontological Resource qualifying under historic resource criterion 2 Assessment identified the Tongva/Gabrielino as (“Is associated with the lives of persons having traditional territory within Chino Hills, the significant in our past”). City again contacted the Gabrieleno/Tongva In addition, the Boys Republic property has Nation in a letter dated May 8, 2013, inviting potential to be an archaeological district with consultation. To date, no response has been both prehistoric and Mexican periods of received. significance. The property is the most probable location of the prehistoric village of Documented Cultural Resources Pashiinonga and the former location of Isaac A records search at the San Bernardino Williams’ adobe and ranch, which was the Archaeological Information Center at the San site of the Battle of Chino. Williams’ ranch Bernardino County Museum identified 121 had numerous functional outbuildings and recorded cultural resources within the City.17 worker residences in addition to his own Twenty-six are prehistoric-era sites, 55 are adobe. Subsurface remnants of these historic-era sites, 38 are prehistoric isolates, and previous occupations are highly likely to be 2 are historic isolates within the city limits of present. Chino Hills. Two of the historic-era sites have 2. Tres Hermanos. During the period of 1910- additional listings. The Ranch Chino Adobe site is 1930, Tres Hermanos Ranch was developed a California Historical Landmark and the Battle of in association with persons important in Chino marker is a California Point of Interest. local history, namely Harry Chandler of the Documented cultural resources occur throughout Los Angeles Times, wildcat oil driller turned the City. attorney Tom Scott, and William Rowland, former Los Angeles County Sheriff and Potential Cultural Resources within Chino Hills descendant of wealthy La Puente rancher Five areas of the City represent notable parts of John Rowland. This could be defined as a Chino Hills’ history. Each of these areas has some locally important event qualifying under potential for historical significance. These areas historic resource criterion 2. They built the are summarized below: Tres Hermanos Adobe, which is still present. The adobe was likely built in 1914 or 1915 1. Boys Republic. In 1909, Boys Republic, an and has unusual features. The central organization that provides vocational portion of the building has a living room of education for teens with life challenges, 1,000 square feet with a central fireplace moved onto a 240-acre site within Chino that opens on all four sides. An adjacent Hills. The period of potential historical room appears to be for specialized food significance for the facility is 1909-1959 preparation with an adjustable rack barbeque pit, a ceiling mounted meat hook,

and an open fireplace cooking pot setup. A 16 Correspondence from Native American Heritage Commission, dated June 12, 2013, contained in full kitchen with all typical appliances and Appendix B storage areas is also present. Two separate 17 Records search June 9-11, 2010 by Molly Valasik of wings consisting of two bedrooms each Cogstone project from the central portion. A mural on

Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-72 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

one wall of the living room depicts a bull for historic resources.18 The report fight with dancing senoritas on each side documents that only 5% of the homes and is dated 1918. This is consistent with predate 1945 and that more than 50% historical information that the adobe was postdate 1970. The report states that, used for weekend gatherings. despite extensive historical research, Los Serranos is not a significant example of A unique historic structure from this period suburban residential development, that it is within the Tres Hermanos property is a not associated with important persons, multiple arch dam with 26.5 feet of height developers, designers, or events, and that and 79.5 feet of breadth. The dam was built intrusion of modern development has in 1918 and has an associated pump. The compromised the neighborhood’s potential dam was built to detain water for what is as a historic district. In addition, none of the now known as the Arnold Reservoir, and individual homes recorded (representing the which was also built in 1918. The adobe and best preserved homes) were determined to the dam represent unique architecture and be eligible for the state or federal registers. have potential to qualify under historical An archaeological district limited to the resource criterion 3 (“Embodies the vicinity of the original clubhouse of the 1925 distinctive characteristics of a type, period, Los Serranos Country Club, which was the or method of construction or that represents historic American period Bridger/Gird the work of a master, or that possess high Adobe, could be considered. artistic values, or that represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose 5. Laband. The local importance of horse components may lack individual distinction). properties in the development of the City In addition, trash pits and privies from the could be recognized with an English Road potentially significant 1910-1930 period equestrian conservation area. may be present on the Tres Hermanos property, and may qualify under historical 3. Paleontological Resources resource criterion 4 (“Yields, or may be likely Paleontology is the study of fossils and what they to yield, information important to prehistory indicate about ecologies of the past, evolution, or history this period are present and our place as humans in the world. subsurface”). Paleontology teaches us about the inter- 3. Carbon Canyon. During the 1920-1940 relationships between biological and geological period, the Sleepy Hollow area developed as ecosystem components over time. Paleontological weekend getaway cabins. Few of these resources consist of fossilized remains, traces, or original cabins remain. Consequently, there imprints of organisms preserved in or on the is a low probability that Sleepy Hollow would earth’s crust that are of paleontological interest meet integrity criteria for a historic district. and that provide information about the history of However, Sleepy Hollow would be life on earth. The paleontological setting of the appropriate for designation with a marker City is examined through its geologic structures, that would acknowledge the local importance as discussed below. of the distinctive neighborhood that evolved The eastern Puente Hills, also known as the Chino from the original resort cabins. Hills, comprise middle to late Miocene Epoch (15 4. Los Serranos. The Los Serranos Country Club million to 9 million years old) marine sedimentary neighborhood has been formally evaluated

18 Tang, Hogan and Tibbet, 2004

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources page 4-73 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

rock units overlain in some areas by Pleistocene The single most scientifically significant fossil is Epoch (1.8 million to 10 thousand years old) the Chino Hills Dolphin, Atocetus anguloi, terrestrial sediments. Beginning about 23 million recovered during construction excavations for years ago, the ocean extended well past the Vellano in Soquel Canyon. This dolphin is a new modern shoreline and covered Chino Hills. The and previously unknown species and has no living Miocene sediments were deposited as submarine relatives. It was recovered from the latest Miocene fans. Tectonic events about 5 million years ago (circa 9 million years ago) Sycamore Canyon including uplift of local mountains, and Formation. The skeleton represents an adult subsidence of valleys resulted in withdrawal of individual, and includes the cranium, mandible, the ocean and beginning of river and stream vertebrae, ribs, and some bones of the pectoral cutting of channels into the exposed sediments. flipper. It has distinctive features of the skull and teeth that are unlike any other dolphin. In most of the City, two formations are present. The older of the two is the Monterey Formation, which is middle Miocene in age. The Sycamore 4.5.2 Regulatory Framework Canyon Formation is late Miocene in age. National Historic Preservation Act Pleistocene Epoch Quaternary Older Alluvium is mapped at the surface in the vicinity of the The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) is ancestral Santa Ana River and its tributaries. the primary federal law governing the preserva- However, results of paleontological monitoring of tion of cultural and historic resources in the development projects have found these United States. The law establishes a national sediments more widely distributed in the city, preservation program and a system of procedural particularly in canyons. Thus far, all results protections that encourage the identification and indicate a late Pleistocene age of about 50 protection of cultural and historic resources of thousand 12 thousand years for fossils from the national, state, tribal, and local significance. Older Alluvium in the City. Primary components of the act include: • Known paleontological resources in the City Articulation of a national policy governing consist of Miocene and Pleistocene fossils. the protection of historic and cultural Miocene fossils represent the period when Chino resources. • Hills was ocean floor and include many kinds of Establishment of a comprehensive marine life and leaves from terrestrial plants that program for identifying historic and were washed into the ocean by streams and cultural resources for listing in the rivers. The Miocene marine fossils include marine National Register of Historic Places. • mammals of 8 types, boney fishes of 41 types, Creation of a federal-state/tribal-local cartilaginous fishes of 4 types, marine partnership for implementing programs invertebrates of 18 types, and marine plants of established by the act. • 10 types. Miocene land plants of 32 types are Requirement that federal agencies take represented along with freshwater snails. into consideration actions that could Pleistocene terrestrial mammals are represented adversely affect historic properties listed by 8 types. Altogether, more than 2,860 specific or eligible for listing on the National fossil remains have been documented by past Register of Historic Places, known as the paleontological investigations, in various parts of Section 106 Review Process. • the City. Based on the numerous fossil findings in Establishment of the Advisory Council on Chino Hills, the entire City is considered sensitive Historic Preservation, which oversees for paleontological resources. federal agency responsibilities governing the Section 106 Review Process.

Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-74 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

• Placement of specific stewardship cultural heritage of California or the responsibilities on federal agencies for United States (Criterion 1) historic properties owned or within their • Associated with the lives of persons control (Section 110 of the NHPA). important to local, California or national history (Criterion 2) Section 106 requires the head of any federal • Embodies the distinctive characteristics of agency having direct or indirect jurisdiction over a a type, period, region or method of proposed federal or federally assisted under- construction or represents the work of a taking in any state, and the head of any federal master or possesses high artistic values department or independent agency having (Criterion 3) authority to license any undertaking shall, prior to • Has yielded, or has the potential to yield, the approval of the expenditure of any federal information important to the prehistory or funds on the undertaking or prior to the issuance history of the local area, California or the of any license, as the case may be, take into nation (Criterion 4) account the effect of the undertaking on any district, site, building, structure, or object that is included in or eligible for inclusion in the National California Historical Landmarks Register. The head of any such federal agency California Historical Landmarks are buildings, shall afford the Advisory Council on Historic structures, sites, or places that have been Preservation a reasonable opportunity to determined to have statewide historical comment with regard to such undertaking. significance by meeting at least one of the criteria listed below. The resource also must be approved California Register of Historical Resources for designation by the County Board of Supervisors or the City/Town Council in whose The State Historical Resources Commission has jurisdiction it is located; be recommended by the designed the California Historic Register program State Historical Resources Commission; and be for use by state and local agencies, private officially designated by the Director of California groups, and citizens to identify, evaluate, register State Parks. To be eligible for designation as a and protect California's historical resources. The Landmark, a resource must meet at least one of Register is the authoritative guide to the state's the following criteria: significant historical and archeological resources. The California Register program encourages • Be the first, last, only, or most significant public recognition and protection of resources of of its type in the state or within a large architectural, historical, archeological, and geographic region (Northern, Central, or cultural significance, identifies historical Southern California) resources for state and local planning purposes, • Be associated with an individual or group determines eligibility for state historic having a profound influence on the preservation grant funding, and affords certain history of California protections under the California Environmental • Be a prototype of, or an outstanding Quality Act. example of, a period, style, architectural movement or construction or is one of the To be eligible for listing in the California Register, more notable works or the best surviving a resource must meet at least one of the work in a region of a pioneer architect, following criteria. designer or master builder • Associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history or the

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources page 4-75 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

California Points of Historical Interest Senate Bill 18 California Points of Historical Interest are sites, With regard to California Native American buildings, features, or events that are of local traditional tribal cultural places,19 Senate Bill 18, (city or county) significance and have anthropo- as approved by the Governor on September 29, logical, cultural, military, political, architectural, 2004, stipulates that, subject to the limitations economic, scientific or technical, religious, outlined therein, certain tribal consultation and experimental, or other value. Points of Historical notice requirements shall apply to local Interest designated after December 1997 and governments when adopting or amending general recommended by the State Historical Resources and specific plans. As specified in SB 18 and as Commission are also listed in the California outlined in the Governor’s Office of Planning and Register. No historical resource may be Research’s “Supplement to General Plan designated as both a Landmark and a Point. If a Guidelines – Tribal Consultation Guidelines”20 Point is subsequently granted status as a (Tribal Consultation Guidelines), prior to adoption Landmark, the Point designation will be retired. or amendment of a general or specific plan, the local government must: 1) notify the appropriate To be eligible for designation as a Point of California Native American tribe of the Historical Interest, a resource must meet at least opportunity to conduct consultation for the one of the following criteria. purpose of preserving or mitigating impacts to • The first, last, only, or most significant cultural places; 2) refer the proposed action to of its type within the local geographic those tribes that are on the NAHC contact list that region (City or County) have traditional lands within the agency’s • Associated with an individual or group jurisdiction; and 3) send notice of a public having a profound influence on the hearing, at least ten days prior to the hearing, to history of the local area tribes that have filed a written request for such • A prototype of, or an outstanding notice. The City has fulfilled its responsibilities example of, a period, style, architectural under SB 18, as discussed earlier, and will provide movement or construction or is one of the notice of the Draft EIR availability and subsequent more notable works or the best surviving public hearings to each of the 9 tribes identified work in the local region of a pioneer in the NAHC June, 12, 2013 letter. architect, designer or master builder 4.5.3 Proposed Conservation Element California Health and Safety Code Goals, Policies, and Actions California Health and Safety Code §7050.5 Related to Preservation of Cultural establishes the intentional disturbance, and Paleontological Resources mutilation, or removal of interred human remains Pursuant to §65302(d) of the California as a misdemeanor. Section 7054 exempts reburial Government Code, the Conservation Element of Native American remains from the definition of addresses issues involving protection and a misdemeanor, pursuant to §5097.94 of the preservation of natural resources. Additionally, California Health and Safety Code. Section 7051 the City has included consideration of cultural establishes removal of human remains from and paleontological resources within this interment or from a place of storage while awaiting interment or cremation, with the intent 19 to sell the remains or to dissect the remains with Public Resources Code §4097.9 and §5097.995 20 malice or wantonness, as a public offense, Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, punishable by imprisonment in a state prison. Supplement to General Plan Guidelines – Tribal Consultation Guidelines, April 15, 2005

Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-76 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Element. Many of these provisions are carried qualified paleontologist during grading forward from the existing General Plan activities where paleontological resources Conservation Element, and updated for readability may be present. [Existing Policies 9-2 and and/or to better reflect current and expected 9-3, modified] conditions. The list below indicates which goals, Action CN-2.2.3: Require identified policies, and actions are from existing provisions paleontological materials to be preserved, and which are new: restored, cataloged, and/or transmitted to the appropriate repository or as otherwise Goal CN-2: Protect Chino Hills’ Cultural directed by a qualified professional Resources [Existing Policy 9-1, modified] paleontologist. [Existing Policies 9-2 and 9-3, Policy CN-2.1: Protect Chino Hills’ archaeological modified] resources. [Existing Policy 9-1, modified] Policy CN-2.3: Protect Chino Hills’ potential Action CN-2.1.1: Require appropriate historical resources. [New] archaeological surveys as part of the Action CN-2.3.1: Prior to a change of land environmental review process where use or other action on the Boys Republic archaeological resources may be present. property that could disturb a potential [Existing Policies 9-2 and 9-3, modified] historic resource, require a historic resource Action CN-2.1.2: Require on-site inspections survey of the property by a qualified historic by a qualified archaeologist during grading resource consultant, and consider activities where archaeological resources may incorporating any recommendations as be present. [Existing Policies 9-2 and 9-3, requirements into subsequent development modified] approval. [New]

Action CN-2.1.3: Where archaeological Action CN-2.3.2: Prior to a change of land resources are found during development use or other action on the Tres Hermanos activities, require identified archaeological property that could disturb a potential materials to be preserved, restored, cataloged, historic resource, require a historic resource and/or transmitted to the appropriate survey of the property by a qualified historic repository or as otherwise directed by a resource consultant, and consider qualified professional archaeologist. [Existing incorporating any recommendations as Policies 9-2 and 9-3, modified] requirements into subsequent development approval. [New] Action CN-2.1.4: Consult with local Native American tribes as required to avoid impacts Action CN-2.3.3: Prior to grading on-site of on archaeological resources. [New] the original clubhouse of the 1925 Los Serranos Country Club, require an appropriate Policy CN-2.2: Protect Chino Hills’ paleontological archaeological survey to determine the resources. [Existing Policy 9-1 modified] presence of artifacts associated with the Action CN-2.2.1: Require appropriate former Bridger/Gird Adobe site and consider paleontological surveys as part of the incorporating any recommendations as environmental review process where requirements into subsequent development paleontological resources may be present. approval. [New] [Existing Policies 9-2 and 9-3, modified] Action CN-2.3.4: Consider placement of Action CN-2.2.2: Where paleontological markers to acknowledge the local importance resources are found during development to Chino Hills’ history of the Carbon Canyon activities, require on-site inspections by a

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources page 4-77 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

and English Road equestrian communities. changes that involve physical alterations to the [New] existing cultural features. The level of impact would depend upon the specific characteristics of Action CN-2.3.5: For structures over 45 years such a land use change and the extent of the old, review available City building records and physical alterations affecting the historic make a determination regarding the resources. Conservation Element Actions structure’s potential historical significance CN-2.3.1 and CN-2.3.2 would help prevent prior to permitting its demolition or significant impacts to historic resources at those substantial alteration. [New] sites by requiring comprehensive evaluations of the affected features to determine the extent and 4.5.4 Thresholds of Significance significance of the historic values that would be Significant impacts relative to cultural and impacted, and to identify measures to mitigate paleontological resources are evaluated in this such impacts. This would ensure that indis- section based on Appendix G of the CEQA criminate damage to significant historic resources Guidelines. Implementation of the updated at these two sites would be avoided. General Plan could have a significant adverse As time goes on, owners of existing buildings and impact if it would do any of the following: structures associated with significant events in a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the the City’s history, or with prominent persons, significance of a historical resource as exceptional or unique architecture and design defined in §15064.5 [of the CEQA features, or other cultural features that may Guidelines] contribute to the understanding of California’s b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the history or prehistory, might propose to demolish significance of an archaeological resource or significantly alter such buildings or structures. pursuant to §15064.5 [of the CEQA To provide a safeguard against impacts to such Guidelines] features that are at least 45 years old, c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique Conservation Element Action CN-2.3.5 requires paleontological resource or site or unique examination of the City’s building records prior geologic feature demolition or major alterations to search for d) Disturb any human remains, including indicators of potential historic importance, so those interred outside of formal that potentially significant historic resources can cemeteries be recognized and possibly preserved or fully documented.

4.5.5 Project Impacts With these action measures, implementation of the General Plan Update would have a less than Would the project: significant impact on existing and potential future a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significant historic resources. significance of a historical resource as defined in §15064.5? Mitigation Measures None required Impact Discussion As discussed earlier, the Cultural Resources Impact Findings Assessment identified the Boys Republic property and portions of Tres Hermanos Ranch as Less than significant impact potentially significant historical resources that could potentially be impacted by future land use

Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-78 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Would the project: actions, to ensure that archaeological resources or indications of potential resources are b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the recognized, along with measures to mitigate significance of an archaeological resource as potentially significant impacts, prior to approving defined in §15064.5? the land use action. Action CN-2.1.2 requires that Impact Discussion grading work be inspected by qualified archaeologists who can identify archaeological The Cultural Resource Assessment conducted for resources that may be uncovered, and Action the General Plan Update identified the site of the CN-2.1.3 requires that any identified resources 1925 Los Serrano Country Club as having potential be preserved, restored, cataloged, and/or to yield artifacts associated with the former transmitted to the appropriate repository for their Bridger/Gird Adobe site, which is recognized as an significance in advancing the science of important historic resource. To prevent archaeology. Action CN-2.1.4 requires indiscriminate destruction of or damage to consultation and coordination with Native potentially significant archaeological resources due American representatives as part of archaeo- to some future land use alterations at the Country logical investigations and monitoring, to ensure Club, Conservation Element Action CN-2.3.3 that tribal resources are considered and requires performance of an archaeological survey protected. prior to any grading activities at that site. This would enable identification and With these action measures, implementation of recovery/documentation of significant resources the General Plan Update would have a less than that may be found and is expected to avoid significant impact on significant archaeological impacts to significant archaeological resources at resources. that site.

Because much of the City is considered to be Mitigation Measures archaeologically sensitive, there is a broad None required potential to find archaeological resources during future earth-moving activities associated with Impact Finding land use changes undertaken in accordance with the updated General Plan. This is more of a Less than significant impact possibility when grading affects previously undeveloped land, where artifacts from Would the project: prehistoric and historic activities could be found c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique on or beneath the ground surface, particularly in paleontological resource or site or unique canyon areas, and on flat or modestly sloping geologic feature? sites adjacent to water resources that would have been readily accessible by Native Americans for Impact Discussion encampments or establishment of villages. Potential impacts to archaeological resources The potential for paleontological resources is could occur within the remaining undeveloped widely distributed in the City. Impacts could occur areas of the City. as a result of grading activities that penetrate into native soil materials of Miocene and Pleistocene Conservation Element Action CN-2.1.1 requires aged geologic deposits. Site-specific paleonto- performance of archaeological surveys as part of logical resource investigations would be needed the City’s routine environmental impact assess- to determine the potential for fossil-bearing ment under CEQA for discretionary land use strata at a given site, and this would need to

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources page 4-79 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

account for estimated spatial extents of proposed In the event of a discovery of human remains grading activities. These investigations would be during a construction activity, Contractors must required as part of the City’s routine environ- comply with the provisions of California Health mental impact assessment procedures conducted and Safety Code §7050.5, which requires that under CEQA, for discretionary land use proposals, further excavation or disturbance of the area in accordance with Conservation Element Action containing human remains cease until the County CN-2.2.1. If some potential to encounter Coroner examines the remains and issues a paleontological resources is identified, Action report. If the Coroner finds evidence of Native CN-2.2.2 requires monitoring of grading in American remains, they are required to contact targeted areas by a qualified professional the Native American Heritage Commission within paleontologist. If potential fossil resources are 24 hours to verify Native American origin and found, Action CN-2.2.3 requires those materials facilitate recovery the remains in accordance with to be preserved, restored, cataloged, and/or appropriate Tribal customs. Compliance with this transmitted to the appropriate repository or as existing state law would ensure that future land otherwise directed by the paleontologist. development projects do not indiscriminately destroy or damage human remains or disturb With these Conservation Element action human burial sites. As such, the General Plan measures, impacts of implementing the updated would have no impact upon human remains or General Plan would be less than significant. human burial sites.

Mitigation Measure Mitigation Measure None required None required

Impact Finding Impact Finding No impact No impact

Would the project: 4.5.6 Cumulative Impacts d) Disturb any human remains, including those Impact Discussion interred outside of formal cemeteries? As discussed in the preceding responses, the Impact Discussion General Plan Update would not result in any The paleontological and cultural resources significant impacts to cultural or paleontological assessment prepared for the General Plan Update resources. Sufficient safeguards are included in (Appendix E) did not identify any human burial the updated Conservation Element to ensure that sites or areas suspected as such. There is some investigations are conducted as part of the City’s possibility that future land alteration activities routine environmental impact assessment associated with a project to develop currently procedures to evaluate potential occurrence of undeveloped land could uncover some human and impacts to cultural and paleontological remains, whether from prehistoric time periods or resources, throughout the City, and to properly from more recent time periods. There is some evaluate, recover, document and handle any potential that Native American remains or significant resources that may be found. Future remains of someone who has been missing or land development activities in the City would have known to be dead could be encountered. site-specific impacts and mitigation measures; however, if any cultural or paleontological resources are discovered, the information derived

Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-80 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

from those resources would add to the Mitigation Measure cumulative body of scientific knowledge in the None fields of archaeology, history, and paleontology, particularly concerning the Southern California region. Impact Finding

The General Plan Update would have less than Less than significant cumulatively considerable impacts involving cultural and paleontological resources.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.5 – Cultural Resources page 4-81

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The City could be impacted by any or all of these

4.6 Geology and Soils hazards.

This section discusses land development Earthquakes are normally classified as to the constraints associated with the geological and severity of their magnitude or their seismic soils conditions in the City of Chino Hills (City). intensity. “Magnitude” is defined as a measure of Issues of concern include seismic hazards due to the amount of energy released when a fault movement along local and regional earthquake ruptures; it is generally measured using faults that could induce ground shaking, potential seismographs. Seismic intensity is defined as a surface fault rupture, liquefaction, and landslides. qualitative estimate of the damage caused by an Other concerns involve local soils conditions that earthquake at a given location. The intensity of could be unstable and require special design and seismic ground shaking at any given site is a construction measures to ensure structural function of several factors, but primarily the integrity and protection of building occupants. magnitude of the earthquake, the distance from State and local regulatory frameworks are the epicenter to the area of concern, the type of identified with regard to seismic hazards geologic material between the epicenter and the mapping and examination of development site, and the topographic conditions of the site. proposals. The amount of damage is also controlled to a certain extent by the size, shape, age, and Background information referenced throughout engineering characteristics of the affected this section is condensed from the “Geotechnical structures. Most buildings in the City are of Conditions Update for the City of Chino Hills wood-frame construction, which is not immune General Plan,” March 14, 2011 prepared by GMU to structural damage, but is notably resilient to Geotechnical, Inc. That complete report (Geology earthquake shaking, particularly when designed Study) is provided as Appendix F of this EIR. per current building codes.

4.6.1 Existing Conditions Ground Shaking 1. Seismic Hazards The City is located within a seismically active area Earthquakes occur when planes of weakness in of Southern California and may be subject to the earth’s crust, called faults, move past one future strong ground shaking on near- and/or another. Southern California is located on a far-field sources. Earthquake shaking is likely the boundary of two tectonic plates, the North seismic hazard with the greatest potential risk to American Plate and the Pacific Plate, causing the loss of life and/or property within the City. The area to be considered seismically active. loss of life and/or property can be reduced by Numerous faults considered active or potentially designing projects in accordance with the most active have been mapped in Southern California, recent versions of building codes and standards including in the vicinity of and within the City of like the California Building Code (CBC). The City Chino Hills. Earthquakes on faults can trigger regularly adopts the CBC standards. several geologic phenomena that can cause severe property damage and loss of life. These Although a great deal is known about where hazards include ground shaking, fault rupture, earthquakes are likely to occur, there is currently liquefaction and associated hazards, subsidence, no reliable way to predict when an earthquake will and seiches (waves in enclosed bodies of water). occur in any specific location. Scientists study the Earthquakes can also cause a variety of localized, past frequency of large earthquakes to determine but not less destructive hazards, such as urban the future likelihood of similar large earthquakes. fires, dam failures, and release of toxic chemicals. Based on the number of historic earthquakes and

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-83 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

known active faults in the vicinity of the City, Figure 4-5 illustrates the epicenter of the ground shaking will affect the City again in the earthquake. Although damage was minimal, future. The eastern portion of the City is strong ground shaking was felt widely throughout underlain by alluvial sediments that may be Southern California with the strongest shaking saturated. These sediments would likely be recorded in Diamond Bar, north of the Chino Hills. subject to ground amplification (ground shaking The earthquake occurred at a depth of is typically less severe on rock than on alluvium) approximately 15 kilometers. Two aftershocks in the event of an earthquake occurring on one of with magnitudes less than 3.0 occurred in the the major active faults in the vicinity of the city following two hours. The main shock and including the Elsinore, Chino, Puente Hills, San aftershocks occurred at a depth between 13 and Jacinto, San Andreas, or Cucamonga faults. 16 kilometers between the Whittier and Chino faults. It is unclear from the available data which The historic record of moderate to strong fault is the causative fault. earthquakes in Southern California extends back to the Mission era. Approximately 10 historic The geologic and seismologic characteristics of earthquakes with magnitudes greater than major faults anticipated to influence performance approximately 5 have resulted in moderate to of buildings and other civil works within the City strong damaging earthquake ground motions in are discussed below. the vicinity of the City. These historical • Chino Fault. The Chino Fault is considered a earthquakes include: northern splay of the Elsinore Fault Zone. The • 1812 Wrightwood Earthquake Chino Fault extends approximately 21 • 1857 Fort Tejon Earthquake kilometers southeast through the City toward • 1899 Cajon Pass Earthquake the City of Corona where it joins the Elsinore • 1987 Whittier Narrows Earthquake Fault Zone near the southern terminus of • 1988 and 1990 Upland Earthquakes Main Street in Corona. Available geologic • 1991 Sierra Madre Earthquake mapping, paleoseismic studies, and oil well • 1992 Landers and Big Bear Earthquakes data indicate that the Chino Fault trends • 1994 Northridge Earthquake northwest to southeast and dips • 1999 Hector Mine Earthquake approximately 50 to 70 degrees toward the • July 29, 2008 Unnamed Earthquake southwest.

Chino Hills is located within close proximity of The sense of fault displacement along the several active and potentially active faults that are Chino Fault is predominantly right-lateral, capable of generating moderate to strong ground strike-slip; however, some early geologic motions during earthquakes. These moderate to mapping and recent paleoseismic studies strong ground motions could result in damage to suggest a reverse sense of movement at some buildings and other civil works within the City. The locations. Several recent geologic studies of location of active and potentially active earthquake the Chino Fault have revealed Holocene fault faults capable of generating moderate to strong displacement (i.e., during the last 11,000 earthquake ground motions are illustrated in Figure years). The California Geological Survey re- 4-4. The seismologic characteristics of these faults evaluated the Chino Fault in 2002 as a result are summarized in Table S-2 within the Geology of these recent findings and has zoned the Study (Appendix F of this EIR). Chino Fault as “active” pursuant to the guidelines of the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake The July 29, 2008 Unnamed Earthquake, with a Fault Zone Act. magnitude of 5.4, had an epicenter located approximately 2.7 miles southwest of City Hall.

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-84 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-4 – Active and Potentially Active Earthquake Faults Affecting Chino Hills

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-85 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-5 – Chino Hills July 2008 Earthquake Epicenter Map

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-86 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Two historic earthquakes are attributed to the basin from downtown Los Angeles to Brea. A Chino Fault: the February 16, 1989 magnitude blind thrust fault is a buried fault, the surface 3.2 strike-slip earthquake that occurred at a of which does not break the surface. The fault depth of approximately 4.3 kilometers, and is manifested at the surface by series of folds the December 14, 2001 magnitude 3.9 above the fault surface including the strike-slip earthquake that occurred at a Montebello Hills and west and east Coyote depth of approximately 13.8 kilometers. Hills. The fault is subdivided into three segments: Los Angeles, Santa Fe Springs, and • Elsinore Fault. The Elsinore Fault extends for Coyote Hills. At least four large earthquakes approximately 200 kilometers from near the (i.e., magnitude 7.2 to 7.5) are documented in border with Mexico to its northern terminus the past 11,000 years.22 The 1987 M6.0 near Whittier Narrows (Figure 4-4, above). Whittier Narrows earthquake occurred on the The Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Puente Hills Thrust. Forecast (UCERF2) and the Working Group on California Earthquake Probability (WGCEP 95) • Sierra Madre-Cucamonga Fault Zone. The identifies five fault segments within the Sierra Madre-Cucamonga Fault Zone is Elsinore Fault Zone – i.e., Whittier, Glen Ivy, located along the boundary between the Temecula, Julian, and Coyote Mountains southern margin of the San Gabriel Mountains segments, from north to south. The Whittier and the northern portions of the San segment exhibits a reverse, right-lateral Fernando and San Gabriel valleys oblique sense of movement, while the Glen (Figure 4.6-1). The Sierra Madre-Cucamonga Ivy, Temecula, Julian, and Coyote Mountains Fault Zone extends approximately 95 segments exhibit a right-lateral, strike-slip kilometers from near Interstate 405 in the San sense of movement.21 Fernando Valley to Lytle Creek. The Sierra Madre-Cucamonga Fault Zone is a major • San Jose Fault. The San Jose Fault is located reverse fault in Southern California. Historic north of the City and extends approximately 20 fault rupture occurred along approximately kilometers from the south side of the San Jose 19 kilometers of the western portions of the Hills northeast to near Claremont (Figure 4-4 Sierra Madre-Cucamonga Fault Zone between above). Available data suggests the fault dips about Big Tujunga Canyon and Dunsmore steeply to the north with a reverse sense of Canyon during the February 9, 1971 M6.4 San fault displacement (i.e., north side up). The Fernando Earthquake.23 . Holocene fault California Department of Water Resources rupture has been documented along the indicates that the San Jose Fault is well defined eastern portion of the fault zone from based on the presence of a groundwater barrier approximately San Antonio Creek to Lytle and suggests that the San Jose Fault offsets Creek. “older alluvium” approximately 100 meters in the subsurface. However, Holocene deposits • San Jacinto Fault Zone. The San Jacinto Fault are not offset by the fault, indicating there has Zone is located east of the City and is one of not been any Holocene activity. the most seismically active faults in California. The fault zone extends approxi- • Puente Hills Blind Thrust (PHT). The Puente mately 250 kilometers from the area near Hills Blind Thrust (PHT) is a north-dipping Cajon Pass where the San Jacinto Fault joins thrust that extends approximately the San Andreas Fault south to the Imperial 40 kilometers east across the Los Angeles

22 Dolan et al., 2003 21 Cao et al., 2003 23 Crook et al., 1987; Rubin et al., 1998

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-87 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Valley. This fault has a right-lateral, strike- is associated with the Chino Fault. Although the slip sense of movement. The San Jacinto Fault Chino Fault has not ruptured within historic time, Zone is divided into eight segments based on the paleoseismic studies reveal that the fault has fault geometry, historical seismicity, and slip experienced surface fault rupture within the rate data. The segments of the San Jacinto Holocene period (i.e., approximately the last Fault Zone are: San Bernardino Valley, San 11,000 years). Jacinto Valley, Anza/Clark, Coyote Creek, The California Geological Survey (CGS) established Borrego Mountain, and the sub-parallel an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zones around Superstition Mountain, and Superstition Hills the Chino Fault on May 1, 2003. A generalized segments. map illustrating the Chino Fault and the Alquist- • San Andreas Fault Zone. The San Andreas Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone is presented inn Fault extends southeast from where the fault Figure 4-6 – Seismic Hazards Fault Rupture. The joins the Kings Range Thrust, and the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone map for the Mendocino Fault Zone approximately 1,300 Chino Fault is only intended to serve as a guide in kilometers to the Gulf of California. The San determining the general locations of earthquake Andreas Fault is one on the most active faults fault zones and is not suitable for local planning and has the highest measured slip rate in and site selection. It should be noted that the California. The San Andreas Fault is the only Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone map may known source of Magnitude 8 earthquakes in not be up to date, since the CGS frequently Southern California. The predominant sense updates maps as new data becomes available. of movement along the San Andreas Fault is Site-specific geotechnical investigations are right-lateral, strike-slip. The San Andreas required to determine evidence of faulting and Fault has been subdivided into the northern surface rupture in a particular location. and southern sections. In Southern California, the fault zone has been divided into 10 Liquefaction segments: Parkfield (PK), Cholame (CH), Carrizo (CC), Big Bend (BB), Mojave north Liquefaction is a soil strength and stiffness loss (NM), Mojave south (SM), San Bernardino phenomenon that typically occurs in loose, north (NSB), San Bernardino south (SSB), San saturated cohesionless soils as a result of strong Gorgonio-Garnet Hill (BG), and Coachella ground shaking during earthquakes. The (CO). Only the southern nine fault segments potential for liquefaction at a site is usually from the Cholame segment south have a determined based on the results of a subsurface significant influence on seismic hazards in the geotechnical investigation and the groundwater City. conditions beneath the site. Hazards to buildings associated with liquefaction include bearing capacity failure, lateral spreading, and differential Surface Fault Rupture settlement of soils below foundations, which can The potential for surface fault rupture exists in contribute to structural damage or collapse. the City along the trace of an active fault or a potentially active fault. The potential for surface fault rupture to impact life or property in the City

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-88 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-6 – Seismic Hazards Fault Rupture

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-89 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The California Legislature passed the Seismic continent began to rise and the ocean dropped, Hazards Mapping Act (SHMA) in 199024 as a result while a complex process of faulting and folding of earthquake damage caused by the 1987 caused the uplift of the Puente Hills area and the Whittier Narrows earthquake and the 1989 Loma City of Chino Hills. The bedrock materials of the Prieta earthquake. The purpose of the SHMA is to Puente Formation have been folded and faulted protect public safety from the effects of strong within the Puente Hills such that bedding ground shaking, liquefaction, landslides, or other inclinations now range from gentle to steeply ground failure, and other hazards caused by dipping (i.e., 10 to 70 degrees) with numerous earthquakes. The City is not mapped within a folds of varying scales and axis orientations. seismic hazard zone based on review of currently In its entirety, it is estimated that the Puente published maps available on the CGS website. Formation is approximately 13,000 feet thick However, review of the CGS website indicates that within the Chino Hills area. seismic hazard zone mapping of the City of Chino Hills is planned in the future. The Puente Formation is divided into three members within the City: the Sycamore Canyon Portions of the City underlain by loose, saturated member, the Yorba member, and the Soquel alluvial materials could be subject to liquefaction. member. The Sycamore Canyon member of the Areas considered most susceptible to liquefaction Puente Formation, the youngest member, include the low-lying areas in the eastern portion generally consists of thickly bedded sandstone of the City within the Chino Basin and canyon and pebbly conglomerate with lesser amounts of areas in Chino and eastern Puente Hills, as shown siltstone and siliceous siltstone. The Yorba on Figure 4-7 – Liquefaction Susceptibility. member generally consists of predominantly 2. Geologic Hazards thinly bedded siltstone, sandy siltstone, and siliceous siltstone, with scattered to rare The City is located in the eastern Puente Hills, in claystone beds. The Soquel member, the oldest the northern portion of the Peninsular Ranges member of the formation, generally consists of geomorphic province. The Peninsular Ranges well-bedded graded sandstone with interbedded province is characterized by a series of northwest siltstone. to southeast-oriented valleys, hills, and mountains separated by faults associated with, The Topanga Formation is exposed within the and parallel to, the San Andreas Fault system. southeastern portion of the City, adjacent to the Two of these faults, the Chino Fault and the Horseshoe Bend area of the Santa Ana River, Whittier segment of the Elsinore Fault system, are within the Chino Hills State Park. The Topanga located within or close to the City of Chino Hills. Formation was deposited about 15 million years These faults and the geologic units that underlie ago, and generally consists of massively bedded the City of Chino Hills generally control the sandstone and conglomerate with interbeds of potential geologic impacts discussed below. siltstone and minor claystone. In addition to outcropping in the southeastern portions of the The hilly portions of Chino Hills are underlain City, the Topanga Formation generally underlies primarily by bedrock of the Puente Formation. the Puente Formation in the Chino Hills area. This bedrock formation was deposited between 6 million and 11 million years ago during a period when the area was submerged under the ocean. Approximately 2 million 3 million years ago, the

24 California Public Resources Code Division 2, Chapter 7.8

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-90 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-7 – Liquefaction Susceptibility

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-91 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Surficial sediments overlie bedrock in the lower soil materials on the slope, by softening planes of portions of the City, particularly within canyons weakness such as bedding planes or faults, or by and at the eastern base of the Chino Hills. These increasing the pressure exerted by water in the sediments include very old alluvial soils to recent pores of the soil (pore pressure). Excessive alluvial soils, slopewash and channel deposits, as rainfall or irrigation can saturate the soils on a well as landslide deposits. These sediments have slope, contributing to slope failure. Water been deposited over the past 2 million years as introduced to a slope as a result of broken water ancient stream channels have eroded the Chino or sewer lines or natural flooding can also cause Hills to their current topographic expression. slope instability problems. In general, water is the Generally, the older surficial deposits are semi- dominant trigger of slope failures and landslides. consolidated, and consist of sands and silts with Slope modification as a result of road some clay. Younger surficial deposits may consist construction and urban development can also of coarser materials and are generally render slopes unstable due to adverse geologic unconsolidated. Landslide deposits are generally conditions. Many of the slopes in the Chino Hills comprised of the source materials that failed, area could be rendered unstable during or after such as bedrock or weak surficial soils on slopes. grading due to exposure of adverse geologic conditions including folded or faulted bedrock. Landslides and Slope Instability Failures are particularly likely on slopes underlain “Landslide” is defined as a mass of rock or soil by the Yorba and Sycamore Canyon members of that has been displaced downslope by sliding, the Puente Formation. flowing, or falling. Slope failures can occur very To identify and evaluate the potential for rapidly on steep slopes or imperceptibly slowly on landsliding within the City, a relative landslide gentle slopes. Very slow movement of slopes is susceptibility map is provided as Figure 4-8 – often called “slope creep” and is common on Landslide Susceptibility.25 Given that these manufactured slopes and natural steep slopes. mapping classifications are based on regional Factors that influence the stability of a slope data, site-specific investigations are still include the characteristics of the rock and soil necessary to determine potential slope instability materials that make up the slope, moisture problems for proposed developments. conditions, rainfall intensity, steepness of the terrain, geologic structure, and human influences (such as irrigation and grading).

The bedrock of the Puente Formation is often intensely fractured and folded and, therefore, relatively weak. Most large landslides in the Puente Hills area are thought to have occurred between 10 and 20 thousand years ago, when the regional climate was significantly wetter than today. These landslides can be in delicate equilibrium with their environment and can be reactivated during periods of intense rainfall, if subjected to strong ground motions during an earthquake, or as a result of slope modifications by either man-made or natural conditions.

Increased water content in a slope can contribute to slope instability by increasing the weight of the 25 Tan, 1988

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-92 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-8 – Landslide Susceptibility

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-93 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The slopes are classified from least susceptible to groundwater levels have declined as much as most susceptible (Areas 1 through 4, Figure 4-8), 150 feet over a period of decades. Ground and are based on the following criteria: subsidence generally occurs where deep alluvial valleys exist. Alluvium-filled canyons 1. The occurrence and distribution of in the Chino Hills area generally contain less landslides and features indicative of slope than 200 feet of alluvium overlying instability; consolidated bedrock of the Puente 2. The geology of the area including bedrock Formation. Therefore future subsidence due type, engineering properties of the to groundwater withdrawal is not anticipated bedrock materials as they relate to slope to occur in the City. instability, and data on bedding, folding, • Collapsible and Expansive Soils. Soils can and faulting; and collapse or expand for a variety of reasons, 3. The relative behavior of the slopes within including the type of soil or presence of the area based on a review of aerial water. Low-density soils such as recently photographs and field observations. deposited river sediments can settle if subjected to the heavy loads associated with Earthquake-Induced Landsliding building foundations. These soils may also settle if compacted during an earthquake Earthquake-generated strong ground motions when water is extruded from the soil as a can worsen existing unstable slope conditions. result of strong ground-shaking, and the Typical earthquake-induced landslides in the particles are compressed together. terrain of the Chino Hills area could include rotational slumps, rock falls, shallow slumps, and Granular soils, such as sands and gravel held slides commonly associated with moderate to together by clay or another water-soluble steep road cuts and natural slopes. If the slope binder can compact or densify if the clay is materials become saturated, strong ground washed away by infiltrating water. This motions could also trigger mudslides and process is called “hydrocompaction.” The mudflows. Properly designed and constructed change in volume that results when soils engineered slopes will generally perform well densify can cause extensive damage to during an earthquake. building foundations, infrastructure (such as roads and bridges) and utilities. Therefore, potentially compressible soils need to be Storm-Induced Landsliding and Erosion identified during the preliminary geological Heavy rainfall often triggers surficial sliding investigations for a proposed project or (debris flows and mudflows) along the sides of development so that mitigation measures can canyons and on steep slopes. Hill slopes be selected and applied. The sandy alluvial composed of Puente Formation blanketed with deposits located within the major drainages topsoil and colluvium are more susceptible to traversing the City may be susceptible to erosion if not properly planted. consolidation and hydrocompaction. Bedrock of the Puente Formation generally has a low • Subsidence from Groundwater Withdrawal. settlement potential. Ground subsidence resulting from groundwater extraction has been documented Soil settlement can also occur in the eastern at several locations in California, including the side of the City in the area where clay was Chino-Riverside, Bunker Hill-Yucaipa, and previously mined. If the open pits left behind Temecula areas. Subsidence in these regions from the clay mining operation are backfilled has typically occurred over broad areas where with fill soils that are not compacted under

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-94 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

the supervision of a geotechnical engineer, or calcium sulfate can react chemically with settlement could occur. the hydrated lime in cement and disintegrate permeable concretes that have a high water- Expansive soils are soils with a significant to-cement ratio. Geotechnical engineers amount of montmorillonitic clay, a mineral routinely conduct sulfate analyses of soils as that has the ability to shrink and swell as the part of geotechnical investigations. The water content changes. When changes in the impact of sulfate-rich soils on concrete can environment result in a change in the be mitigated by using special cement mixes moisture content of these clays, the soils that include additives to reduce the change volume. Changes in volume of these permeability of the concrete and by paying soils can be brought on by seasonal changes careful attention to the mix design, quality in rainfall or changes in irrigation. Vegetation, control, and curing of the concrete. Soils in especially large trees planted near a founda- the Chino Hills area generally are potentially tion, can also cause significant changes in soil corrosive to ferrous metals and severely volume as the trees withdraw water from the corrosive to concrete. The City currently surrounding soil. Poor drainage around a requires a soils analysis for corrosion prior to structure can also result in localized swelling. installation of water lines, sewer mains, or The change in soil volume brought about by storm drains. Special design and materials these processes can cause extensive damage must be used where corrosive soils exist. to structures built over these soils. Differential expansion or settlement along the edges of a building foundation can also cause 4.6.2 Regulatory Framework extensive structural damage. In the United Seismic Hazards Mapping Act States, expansive soils cause more damage in dollars to highways, streets and buildings The California Legislature passed the Seismic 26 than other natural disasters such as Hazards Mapping Act (SHMA) in 1990 as a result earthquakes, floods, and tornadoes of earthquake damage caused by the 1987 combined. Whittier Narrows earthquake and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. The purpose of the SHMA is to Most surface soils in the City have a moderate protect public safety from the effects of strong to low shrink-swell potential. However, some ground shaking, liquefaction, landslides, or other soils formed in place from weathering of clay- ground failure, and other hazards caused by rich units of the Puente Formation have a high earthquakes (CGS SP117). The City is not shrink-swell potential. The distribution of these currently mapped within a seismic hazard zone; surface soils in the City is shown on Figure 4-9 however, review of the CGS website indicates that – Expansive Soils. The Puente Formation locally seismic hazard zone mapping of the City is contains layers of volcanic ash that weather to planned in the future. highly expansive clays. These ash layers could be exposed during grading.

• Reactive Soils. Reactive or corrosive soils have chemical properties that can disintegrate or corrode metal pipes and concrete. Corrosive soils include soils with either low (less than 3) or high (greater than 9) pH values and low resistivity, and soils rich in sulfates. Soils with high concentrations of sodium, magnesium, 26 California Public Resources Code Division 2, Chapter 7.8

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-95 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-9 – Expansive Soils

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-96 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Alquist-Priolo Special Studies Zones Act and Regulations to provide standards to regulate the City Geologic Hazard Overlay design and construction of buildings to protect public safety through structural integrity and The Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act proper installation of plumbing, mechanical and (AP Act) was enacted by the California Legislature, electrical systems. Triennial updates are following the destructive San Fernando published by the California Building Standards Earthquake that occurred on February 9, 1971. Commission, and are based on the International This Act is intended to protect public safety and Building Code. The newest update27 became reduce damage and loss from surface fault effective January 1, 2014. The City of Chino Hills rupture by prohibiting the siting of most regularly adopts the CBC by reference, with structures for human occupancy across traces of localized amendments, and integrates these active faults that constitute a potential hazard to standards within Chapter 15.4 of Title 15 of the structures from surface faulting or fault creep. City’s Municipal Code. The Chino Hills Fault Hazard Zone, which traverses the eastern perimeter of the City in a The CBC establishes standards for soils and northwest-southeast direction, has been mapped foundations to ensure that local geologic and in accordance with the AP Act. soils conditions are properly assessed and that appropriate remedial measures for seismic and Chapter 16.24 of the City’s Municipal Code geologic hazards are incorporated into design establishes a geologic hazard overlay district that and construction specifications. This is enforced coincides with the Chino Hills Fault Hazard Zone, through the City’s planning approvals and and also applies to areas where seismic and building permit procedures. The CBC also specify geologic hazards are known or suspected to standards for the quality and design of materials occur, including landslides, liquefaction hazards used structurally in excavations and foundations, and other soils constraints as identified in the and establishes requirements for grading plans General Plan Safety Element. Except for new and permits to ensure safe construction involving single family wood structure homes and minor grading, excavation and earthwork, including fills accessory uses, and alterations of less than 50% and embankments. of the size of the existing structure, a geologic study is required prior to approval of any new 4.6.3 Proposed Safety Element Goals, development project within the geologic hazard overlay district. The City’s Building Official Policies and Actions Related to determines the scope of the study, depending on Seismic Hazards and Geologic and the geologic hazards affecting the subject Soils Constraints property. All structures proposed for human Pursuant to §65302(g) of the California occupancy shall be set back from any earthquake Government Code, the Safety Element addresses faults that may be identified in a site-specific the following issues relevant to geology and soils: geology study. Further, no critical facilities may earthquakes and related ground failure hazards; be located in any fault hazard zone. This applies subsidence; flooding; slope hazards. to schools, hospitals, dams, reservoirs, fuel storage, police and fire stations, and high- Within the proposed General Plan Update Safety occupancy facilities. Element the following goals, policies, and actions would apply to geology and soils. Many of these California Building Code provisions are carried forward from the existing General Plan Safety Element, and updated for The California Building Code (CBC) is adopted as Part 2 of Title 24 of the California Code of 27 2013 California Building Code

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-97 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

readability and/or to better reflect current and the City Development Code. [Existing Objective expected conditions. The list below indicates 2-3, modified] which goals, policies, and actions are from Action S-1.1.8: Require fault zones to be existing provisions and which are new: clearly identified on tract and parcel maps to increase public awareness of fault rupture Goal S-1: Protect the Community from Geologic hazards. [Existing Policy 1-2.3, modified] Hazards [New] Action S-1.1.9: Within geologic hazard Policy S-1.1: Regulate development in high-risk overlay areas, require developments to seismic, landslide and liquefaction hazard areas minimize landscape irrigation. [New] to avoid exposure to hazards. [Existing Policy 1-2.5 modified] Action S-1.1.10: Require new development to minimize peak runoff as required by the Action S-1.1.1: Observe prudent land use Municipal Code. [Existing Land Use planning in the Fault Hazard Zone delineated Policy 4-2] for the Chino Fault, restricting high occupancy and emergency operation facilities and limiting residential development. 4.6.4 Thresholds of Significance [Existing Policy 1-2.3] Significant impacts relative to geology and soils Action S-1.1.2: Conduct site-specific studies are evaluated in this section based on Appendix G on soils, seismicity, and groundwater of the CEQA Guidelines. Implementation of the conditions to evaluate the potential for General Plan Update could have a significant liquefaction and related ground failure adverse impact if it would do any of the following. phenomena in canyon floors and the alluvial a) Expose people or structures to potential flatlands. [Existing Policy 1-2.5, modified] substantial adverse effects, including the Action S-1.1.3: Regulate development of utility risk of loss, injury, or death involving: structures over 100 feet in height in geologic i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, hazard areas when adjacent to existing or as delineated on the most recent planned sensitive land uses. [New] Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for Action S-1.1.4: Continue to regularly update the area or based on other substantial Building and Fire Codes to provide for seismic evidence of a known fault; safety design. [Existing Objective 1-3, ii) Strong seismic ground shaking modified] iii) Seismic-related ground failure, Action S-1.1.5: Support and encourage the including liquefaction seismic retrofitting and strengthening of iv) Landslides existing facilities to minimize damage in the b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss event of seismic or geologic hazards. [Existing of topsoil Objective 1-1, modified] c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as Action S-1.1.6: Discourage any grading beyond a result of the project, and potentially that necessary to create adequate and stable result in on-or off-site landslide, lateral building pads. [Existing Objective 2-3, spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or modified] collapse Action S-1.1.7: Require all development to d) Be located on expansive soils, as defined in conform to the grading guidelines contained in Table 18-1 of the Uniform Building Code

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-98 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

(1994), creating substantial risks to life or Chino Hills Fault Hazard Zone, restricting high property occupancy and emergency operation facilities e) Have soils incapable of adequately and limiting residential development. This supporting the use of septic tanks or practice will reduce the potential for exposure alternative waste water disposal systems of people and structures to hazards where sewers are not available for the associated with surface fault rupture or creep. disposal of waste water This is already being implemented through the City’s Geologic Hazard Overlay District 28 4.6.5 Project Impacts regulations, which include the following restrictions for building in a fault hazard Would the project: zone: a) Expose people or structures to potential • All structures used for human occupancy, substantial adverse effects, including the risk other than wood-frame single-family of loss, injury, or death involving? structures, shall be set back from any i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as fault as indicated in site-specific delineated on the most recent Alquist- geotechnical reports; Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map • Structures used for critical facilities shall issued by the State Geologist for the area not be located within any fault zone. This or based on other substantial evidence of includes dams, reservoirs, fuel storage a known fault; facilities, police and fire stations, schools, ii) Strong seismic ground shaking hospitals, and high occupancy facilities. iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including • Utility lines and streets shall not be placed liquefaction within the construction setback of a iv) Landslides hazardous fault except for a crossing which can be made perpendicular to the Impact Discussion fault trace or as recommended by the project geologist and approved by the Surface Fault Rupture reviewing authority. Future development within the Chino Hills Safety Element Action S-1.1.8 requires fault Fault Hazard Zone, mapped in accordance zones to be clearly identified on tract and with the AP Act, could expose people and parcel maps to increase public awareness of structures to potential hazards of surface fault rupture hazards. This will provide useful fault rupture or fault creep. Continued guidance in the siting of new structures to enforcement of the City’s Building Code and avoid identified fault rupture hazards. the regulations established in Chapter 16.24 of the Municipal Code for the Geologic Hazard With continued implementation of the City’s Overlay District, will ensure that any such regulations requiring site-specific proposals include geotechnical investigations geotechnical investigations of new develop- and reports to determine the precise location ment and implementation of the proposed of surface faulting that may occur on site, and Safety Element actions to discourage develop- to establish appropriate building restrictions ment of homes and critical facilities in the to keep residential structures and critical Chino Hills Fault Hazard Zone, the impact of facilities outside of identified fault hazard the General Plan Update involving surface areas. Proposed Safety Element Action S-1.1.1 is to practice prudent land use planning in the 28 Sections 16.24A-C of the Municipal Code

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-99 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

fault rupture hazards would be less than to liquefaction. Areas considered most significant. susceptible to liquefaction include the low- lying areas in the eastern portion of the City Strong Seismic Ground Shaking within the Chino Basin and canyon areas in Chino and eastern Puente Hills, as shown on As discussed earlier, the City is within a Figure 4-7 – Liquefaction Susceptibility. seismically active region, with several earth- Liquefaction hazard areas are part of the quake faults that could generate strong City’s Geologic Hazard Overlay District, and seismic ground shaking during an earthquake as such, geology studies must be prepared event. Effects of such ground shaking could for new development projects to characterize range from minor to catastrophic damage and the scope of the hazard and to identify injuries, possibly even deaths. This level of appropriate remedial measures to mitigate ground shaking hazard occurs throughout the hazard to less than significant. Southern California and current building codes have been developed to design Geotechnical investigations for projects buildings and support structures to withstand located on canyon floors and the alluvial predicted earthquake magnitudes for their flatlands where liquefaction hazards often locations. The City will continue to enforce its occur are required by Safety Element S-1.1.2. Building Code, based on the California The liquefaction studies would typically be Building Code, to ensure that soils, founda- performed in accordance with the most recent tions, and structures are properly designed to versions of CGS SP117 and the Southern mitigate local ground shaking conditions California Earthquake Center Guidelines for anticipated for the various regional faults that Implementation of SP117. Typical mitigation affect this area. measures include removal or replacement with properly compacted soil materials, Compliance with building code standards will surface drainage systems to direct runoff provide sufficient safeguards to minimize away from foundations, and special structural damage and protect public safety foundation structural designs. Development during earthquakes Safety Element Action of sites within these areas may not be S-1.1.4 requires the City to regularly update approved without the information provided by its building and fire safety codes to ensure site-specific liquefaction studies as part of a that new construction is properly designed to geotechnical engineering investigation. minimize seismic hazards. Proposed Safety Element Action S-1.1.5 encourages Adherence to the City’s existing requirements retrofitting of older facilities to improve their for evaluation and mitigation of liquefaction ability to withstanding strong seismic ground hazards prior to approval of a new develop- shaking motions. Continued implementation ment, as described above will reduce of the City’s Building Code and Safety Element potential impacts associated with the General Actions S-1.1.4 and S-1.1.5 will reduce Plan Update to less than significant. potential ground-shaking impacts associated with the General Plan Update to less than Landslides significant. Earthquake-generated strong ground motions can worsen existing unstable slope Seismic-Related Ground Failure, including conditions. Typical earthquake-induced Liquefaction landslides in the terrain of the Chino Hills Portions of the City underlain by loose, area could include rotational slumps, rock saturated alluvial materials could be subject falls, shallow slumps, and slides commonly

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-100 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

associated with moderate to steep road cuts 1. All facilities and streets should be sited in and natural slopes. If the slope materials a manner which minimizes erosion become saturated, strong ground motions potential. could also trigger mudslides and mudflows. 2. Natural vegetation shall be retained and New development proposed in areas susceptible protected where possible. Where to landslide hazards as shown on Figure 4-8 – inadequate vegetation exists, additional Landslide Susceptibility could be exposed to the landscaping shall be provided. Any threat of seismically-induced landslides, additional landscaping shall be especially on steep slopes with less dense compatible with the local environment surface materials and a source of moisture that and capable of surviving with a minimum could create subsurface slide plane conditions. of maintenance and supplemental water. Improperly designed surface drainage and 3. The development should be designed to irrigation systems could potentially create a minimize water runoff. Provisions should source of moisture that could exacerbate be made to effectively accommodate any landslide conditions. Projects proposed within increased run-off. Provisions should be bedrock of the Puente Formation may also be made to effectively accommodate any exposed to landslide hazards, since this increased runoff. material is often intensely fractured and folded and, therefore, relatively weak. 4. Measures shall be taken to offset the possible effects of landslides. A detailed Any area that is considered to be susceptible geology report identifying these measures to landslide hazards is subject to the regula- shall be required prior to the issuance of tions established for the City’s Geologic building permits. Hazard Overlay District. These regulations 5. All proposed facilities located within include geotechnical investigations and landslide hazard areas shall be analysis to determine the extent of any constructed in a manner to minimize or localized landslide conditions and to identify eliminate subsidence damage. appropriate remedial measures to mitigate unstable slope conditions and stabilize any Continued adherence to the City’s existing existing landslides or unstable slopes. These building code standards, the regulations geotechnical studies must be completed in established for the Geologic Hazard Zone and accordance with the City’s building code Safety Element Policy S-1.1 will reduce the impact standards as well as current geotechnical of the General Plan Update involving landslide industry standards. The results of the hazards to less than significant. geotechnical studies are utilized, as needed, to modify the grading plans. Proposed Safety Mitigation Measure Element Policy S-1.1 is to regulate development in high-risk seismic, landslide and None required liquefaction hazard areas to avoid exposure to hazards. This has already been Impact Finding accomplished through Chino Hills Municipal Less than significant impact Code §16.25.D, which requires the following measures to avoid and mitigate landslide hazards:

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-101 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Would the project: Plans must be submitted for City approval, prior to issuance of grading or building permits. b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? Several proposed Safety Element actions would avoid or reduce potential impacts due to erosion Impact Discussion and sedimentation, through grading, irrigation, Natural canyons and other undeveloped hillside and drainage controls, as follows: areas may be susceptible to storm-induced Action S-1.1.6: Discourage any grading landsliding and erosion that could result in runoff beyond that necessary to create adequate and of deposition of soil and vegetation materials that stable building pads. could threaten downslope structures, clog drainage systems, destroy natural habitat, and Action S-1.1.7: Require all development to artificially landscaped areas. The California conform to the grading guidelines contained Building Code provides guidelines for grading and in the City Development Code. erosion control that can reduce the potential for Action S-1.1.9: Within geologic hazard erosion of cut and fill slopes, including overlay areas, require developments to appropriate plantings, slope maintenance, and minimize landscape irrigation. construction of erosion control devices. Older hillside areas of the City developed prior to Action LU-1.1.16: Require new development implementation of the current CBC may not have to minimize peak runoff as required by the benefited from such protection, and consequently Municipal Code. could experience a greater likelihood of storm Continued adherence to the City’s Municipal Code damage. regulations requiring erosion and sediment New developments and other land clearing and controls, along with the Safety Element Actions grading activities that involve topsoil and noted above, will reduce potential impacts vegetation removal could potentially result in involving topsoil removal and erosion to less than erosion impacts on or off-site, without proper significant. erosion control measures, during construction and in the post development conditions. Such impacts Mitigation Measure would be avoided through compliance with Chapter None required 16.54 of the Municipal Code, which establishes erosion and sediment control measures for all new development. The purpose of these regulations is Impact Finding to eliminate and prevent accelerated erosion that Less than significant has led to, or could lead to, degradation of water quality, loss of fish habitat, damage to property, loss of topsoil and vegetation cover, disruption of Would the project: water supply, increased danger from flooding and c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is the deposition of sediments and associated unstable, or that would become unstable as a nutrients. These standards require control of all result of the project, and potentially result in existing and potential conditions of human- on-or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, induced accelerated erosion within all areas of the subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? City. Required measures include project planning, preparation of erosion and sediment control plans, Impact Discussion runoff control, land clearing and winter operations Unstable geologic units and soil materials occur and procedures for administering those provisions. in those areas identified as susceptible to

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-102 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

landslides or liquefaction hazards in the Geology Geological evaluations of subsidence hazards in Study prepared for this General Plan Update, Southern California have determined that ground which are illustrated on Figure 4-7 – Liquefaction subsidence generally occurs where deep alluvial and Figure 4-8 – Landslide Susceptibility herein. valleys exist. Alluvium-filled canyons in the Chino Low-density soils such as recently deposited river Hills area generally contain less than 200 feet of sediments can settle if subjected to the heavy alluvium overlying consolidated bedrock of the loads associated with building foundations. These Puente Formation; therefore, future subsidence soils may also settle if compacted during an due to groundwater withdrawal is not anticipated earthquake when water is extruded from the soil to occur in the City.29 as a result of strong ground-shaking, and the Continued adherence to the provisions of the particles are compressed together. Granular soils, Geologic Hazards Overlay District and the Safety such as sands and gravel held together by clay or Element policies and actions related to geologic another water-soluble binder, can compact or hazards will reduce potential impacts of the densify if the clay is washed away by infiltrating General Plan Update involving potential ground water. This process is called hydrocompaction. instability to less than significant. The change in volume that results when soils densify can cause extensive damage to building foundations, infrastructure (such as roads and Mitigation Measure bridges) and utilities. None required The sandy alluvial deposits located within the major drainages traversing the City may be Impact Finding susceptible to consolidation and hydro- Less than significant impact compaction. Bedrock of the Puente Formation found throughout the City generally has a low settlement potential. Soil settlement can also Would the project: occur in the eastern side of the City in the area d) Be located on expansive soils, as defined in where clay was previously mined. If the open pits Table 18-1 of the Uniform Building Code left behind from the clay mining operation are (1994), creating substantial risks to life or backfilled with fill soils that are not compacted property? under the supervision of a geotechnical engineer, settlement could occur. Impact Discussion

As previously discussed under the analyses of Most surface soils in the City have a moderate to potential liquefaction and landslide hazards, the low shrink-swell potential (Woodruff and Brock, City’s existing regulations governing develop- 1980). However, some soils formed in place from ment in the Geologic Hazards Overlay District weathering of clay-rich units of the Puente provides sufficient mechanisms to identify site- Formation have a high shrink-swell potential. The specific geology and soils constraints involving distribution of these surface soils in the City is ground instability from various sources, including shown on Figure 4-9 – Expansive Soils. The landslides, lateral spreading, subsidence, lique- Puente Formation locally contains layers of faction or collapse, as part of the City’s project volcanic ash that weather to highly expansive review and approval process. These regulations, clays. These ash layers could be exposed during together with the City’s building code standards, grading. New development and significant also provide sufficient building design and expansion of existing development within areas construction standards to mitigate significant

problems, on a project-by-project basis. 29 Lofgren, 1971

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-103 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

containing expansive soils could result in building developer would be required to submit a Waste hazards such as cracking foundations and walls. Discharge Report that evaluates the suitability of the soils for such systems, in terms of percolation Continued adherence to the City’s building code capacity, as well as such things as the sizing of standards requiring preparation of site-specific the system and the proximity to other wells and studies to identify localized geology and soils water resources, and to provide detailed plans to conditions provides a sufficient mechanism to illustrate the spatial and engineering specifica- ensure that expansive soils are identified during tions of that system, such as tanks, leach lines, the project design and review process, and that and filters. Applications for approval of a septic appropriate remedial measures are incorporated tank permit are subject to review and approval by into plans and specifications to mitigate such the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control conditions. Given this, the General Plan Update Board (SARWQCB), and the City would require would result in less than significant impacts evidence of such approval prior to issuing any involving expansive soils. permits for a project proposing a soils-based wastewater disposal system. Continued Mitigation Measure compliance with the permitting requirements of None required the SARWQCB for septic tanks will ensure that the General Plan Update results in less than significant impacts involving subsurface waste- Impact Finding water disposal systems. Less than significant Mitigation Measure Would the project: None e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative waste Impact Finding water disposal systems where sewers are not Less than significant available for the disposal of waste water?

Impact Discussion 4.6.6 Cumulative Impacts

This threshold is intended for individual, site- Impact Discussion specific development projects that propose to use soils-based subsurface wastewater disposal Impacts involving geologic and soils hazards are systems, instead of a connection to the local highly localized; therefore, impacts and sanitary sewer system. A large majority of mitigation measures occurring on land within the existing land uses in the City are connected to the City would not affect or contribute to impacts City’s wastewater collection and treatment system outside of the City. The preceding assessment of and, except for some existing and future potential impacts is based on an investigation of development in the Agriculture/Ranches geologic and soils hazards throughout the City, designated areas and the Carbon Canyon area, conducted by a professional geotechnical connection to the local sewer system will be the consultant hired by the City to support the primary method of wastewater disposal. In those updated Safety Element. As such, potential instances, there would be no impact involving hazards and impacts that could potentially result septic tank systems. from new development and other significant land alterations throughout the City have been fully Where a project is proposed that does include a addressed. No significant impacts have been soils-based wastewater disposal system, the identified and no mitigation measures are needed

Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-104 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

beyond compliance with the City’s existing Mitigation Measure building safety standards, grading and erosion None control regulations, and implementation of Safety Element provisions regarding geological hazards. The General Plan Update would have less than Impact Finding cumulatively considerable impacts involving Less than significant geology and soils hazards.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.6 – Geology and Soils page 4-105

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

record. The rate of change has typically been

4.7 Greenhouse Gases and Climate incremental, with warming or cooling trends Change occurring over the course of thousands of years. The past 10,000 years have been marked by a This section addresses issues related to genera- period of incremental warming, as glaciers have tion of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from various steadily retreated across the globe. However, direct and indirect sources associated with future scientists have observed acceleration in the rate development throughout the City of Chino Hills of warming during the past 150 years. Per the (City). The contribution of GHGs to global climate United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on change and potentially adverse environmental Climate Change (IPCC),30 the understanding of consequences resulting from climate change are anthropogenic warming and cooling influences on discussed, and the GHGs added due to build-out climate has led to a high confidence (90% or of the City are examined with respect to state and greater chance) that the global average net effect regional efforts to reduce GHGs through regula- of human activities since 1750 has been one of tions, planning and technological incentives. warming. The prevailing scientific opinion on The background information concerning the climate change is that most of the observed properties of GHGs, related effects on climate increase in global average temperatures, since the th change, regulatory and policy initiatives, and mid-20 century, is likely due to the observed 30 quantification of GHG emissions is condensed increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations. from the “Greenhouse Gas Study for the Chino 2. Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) Hills General Plan Update,” prepared by Rincon Consultants for the City of Chino Hills. The Gases that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation complete GHG Study is provided as Appendix G of in the atmosphere are called greenhouse gases this EIR. (GHGs). GHGs are present in the atmosphere naturally, are released by natural sources, or are 4.7.1 Existing Conditions formed from secondary reactions taking place in the atmosphere. The gases that are widely seen 1. Overview of Climate Change as the principal contributors to human-induced

Climate change is the observed increase in the climate change include carbon dioxide (CO2),

average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere and methane (CH4), nitrous oxides (N2O), fluorinated oceans along with other substantial changes in gases such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and climate (such as wind patterns, precipitation, and perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride

storms) over an extended period of time. The term (SF6). Water vapor is excluded from the list of “climate change” is often used interchangeably with GHGs because it is short-lived in the atmosphere the term “global warming,” but “climate change” is and its atmospheric concentrations are largely preferred to “global warming” because it helps determined by natural processes, such as oceanic convey that there are other changes in addition to evaporation. rising temperatures. The baseline against which these changes are measured originates in historical GHGs are emitted by natural processes and records identifying temperature changes that have human activities. Of these gases, CO2 and CH4 are occurred in the past, such as during previous ice emitted in the greatest quantities from human ages. activities. Emissions of CO2 are largely by- products of fossil fuel combustion, whereas CH4 The global climate is continuously changing, as results from off-gassing associated with evidenced by repeated episodes of substantial warming and cooling documented in the geologic 30 IPCC, 2007

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-107 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

34 agricultural practices and landfills. Man-made roughly balanced. . CO2 was the first GHG GHGs, many of which have greater heat- demonstrated to be increasing in atmospheric

absorption potential than CO2, include fluorinated concentration, with the first conclusive 31 gases and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Different measurements being made in the last half of the

types of GHGs have varying global warming twentieth century. Concentrations of CO2 in the potentials (GWPs). The GWP of a GHG is the atmosphere have risen approximately 40% since potential of a gas or aerosol to trap heat in the the industrial revolution. The global atmospheric

atmosphere over a specified timescale (generally, concentration of CO2 has increased from a pre- 100 years). Because GHGs absorb different industrial value of about 280 parts per million 35 amounts of heat, a common reference gas (CO2) (ppm) to 391 ppm in 2011. The average annual

is used to relate the amount of heat absorbed to CO2 concentration growth rate was larger between the amount of the gas emissions, referred to as 1995 and 2005 (average 1.9 ppm per year) than it

“carbon dioxide equivalent” (CO2e), and is the has been since the beginning of continuous direct amount of a GHG emitted multiplied by its GWP. atmospheric measurements (1960–2005 average Carbon dioxide has a GWP of one. By contrast, 1.4 ppm per year), although there is year-to-year 36 methane (CH4) has a GWP of 21, meaning its variability in growth rates. Currently, CO2 global warming effect is 21 times greater than represents an estimated 82.8% of total GHG 37 carbon dioxide on a molecule per molecule emissions. The largest source of CO2, and of basis.32 overall GHG emissions, is fossil fuel combustion.

The accumulation of GHGs in the atmosphere regulates the earth’s temperature. Without the Methane natural heat-trapping effect of GHG, the earth’s Methane (CH4) is an effective absorber of surface would be about 34°C cooler.33 However, it radiation, though its atmospheric concentration is

is believed that emissions from human activities, less than that of CO2 and its lifetime in the particularly the consumption of fossil fuels for atmosphere is limited to 10 to 12 years. It has a electricity production and transportation, have global warming potential (GWP) approximately 21

elevated the concentration of these gases in the times that of CO2. Over the last 250 years, the

atmosphere beyond the level of naturally concentration of CH4 in the atmosphere has occurring concentrations. The following discusses increased by 148%,38 although emissions have the primary GHGs of concern. declined from 1990 levels. Anthropogenic

sources of CH4 include enteric fermentation Carbon Dioxide associated with domestic livestock, landfills, natural gas and petroleum systems, agricultural The global carbon cycle is made up of large activities, coal mining, wastewater treatment, carbon flows and reservoirs. Billions of tons of stationary and mobile combustion, and certain carbon in the form of CO2 are absorbed by oceans industrial processes.39 and living biomass (i.e., sinks) and are emitted to the atmosphere annually through natural processes (i.e., sources). When in equilibrium, carbon fluxes among these various reservoirs are 34 United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), April 2012 35 IPCC, 2007; Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA), 2010 36 NOAA, 2010 31 California Environmental Protection Agency 37 Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Information (Cal/EPA), 2006 Administration, August 2010 32 IPCC, 2007 38 IPCC, 2007 33 Cal/EPA, 2006 39 U.S. EPA, April 2012

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-108 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Nitrous Oxide from industrial and agricultural sources, but excluding emissions from land use changes (i.e., Concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O) began to 41 deforestation, biomass decay). CO2 emissions rise at the beginning of the industrial revolution from fossil fuel use accounts for 56.6% of the and continue to increase at a relatively uniform total emissions of 49,000 MMT CO2e (includes 40 growth rate. N2O is produced by microbial land use changes) and CO2 emissions from all processes in soil and water, including those sources account for 76.7% of the total. Methane reactions that occur in fertilizers that contain emissions account for 14.3% of GHGs and N2O nitrogen, fossil fuel combustion, and other emissions account for 7.9%.41 chemical processes. Use of these fertilizers has

increased over the last century. Agricultural soil Total U.S. GHG emissions were 6,821.8 MMT CO2e management and mobile source fossil fuel in 2009.42 Total U.S. emissions have increased by combustion are the major sources of N2O 10.5% since 1990; emissions rose by 3.2% from emissions. The GWP of nitrous oxide is 2009 to 2010.42 This increase was primarily due approximately 310 times that of CO2. to 1) an increase in economic output resulting in an increase in energy consumption across all Fluorinated Gases (HFCS, PFCS and SF6) sectors; and 2) much warmer summer conditions resulting in an increase in electricity demand for Fluorinated gases, such as hydrofluorocarbons air conditioning. Since 1990, U.S. emissions have (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur- increased at an average annual rate of 0.5%. In hexafluoride (SF6), are powerful GHGs that are 2010, the transportation and industrial end-use emitted from a variety of industrial processes. sectors accounted for 32% and 26% of CO2 Fluorinated gases are used as substitutes for emissions from fossil fuel combustion, ozone-depleting substances such as chloro- respectively. Meanwhile, the residential and fluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons commercial end-use sectors accounted for 22% (HCFCs), and halons, which have been regulated and 19% of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel since the mid-1980s because of their ozone- combustion, respectively.42 destroying potential and are phased out under the Montreal Protocol (1987) and Clean Air Act Based upon the California Air Resources Board Amendments of 1990. Electrical transmission and (ARB) California Greenhouse Gas Inventory for 43 distribution systems account for most SF6 2000-2009, California produced 453 MMT CO2e emissions, while PFC emissions result from in 2009. The major source of GHG in California is semiconductor manufacturing and as a by- transportation, contributing 38% of the state’s product of primary aluminum production. total GHG emissions. Electricity generation is the Fluorinated gases are typically emitted in smaller second largest source, contributing 23% of the 43 quantities than CO2, CH4, and N2O, but these state’s GHG emissions. California’s emissions compounds have much higher GWPs. SF6 is the are due in part to its large size and large most potent GHG the IPCC has evaluated with a population compared to other states. However, a GWP of 23,900. factor that reduces California’s per capita fuel use and GHG emissions, as compared to other states, Greenhouse Gas Inventory is its relatively mild climate. The ARB has projected statewide unregulated GHG emissions Worldwide anthropogenic emissions of GHGs were approximately 40,000 million metric tons (MMT) CO2e in 2004, including ongoing emissions 41 IPCC, 2007 42 U.S. EPA, April 2012 40 NOAA, 2010 43 ARB, October 2011

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-109 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

44 for the year 2020 will be 507 MMT CO2e. These results of various global climate change models, projections represent the emissions that would be sea level rise is expected to continue. The expected to occur in the absence of any GHG California Climate Adaptation Strategy (December reduction actions. 2009) estimates a sea level rise of up to 55 inches by the end of this century. Effects of Climate Change Air Quality Globally, climate change has the potential to affect numerous environmental resources through Higher temperatures, which are conducive to air potential impacts related to future air pollution formation, could worsen air quality in temperatures and precipitation patterns. Scientific California. Climate change may increase the modeling predicts that continued GHG emissions concentration of ground-level ozone, but the at or above current rates would induce more magnitude of the effect, and therefore its indirect extreme climate changes during the twenty-first effects, are uncertain. If higher temperatures are century than were observed during the twentieth accompanied by drier conditions, the potential for century. Scientists have projected that the large wildfires could increase, which, in turn, average global surface temperature could rise by would further worsen air quality. However, if 1.0 to 4.5°F (0.6 to 2.5°C) in the next 50 years, higher temperatures are accompanied by wetter, and the increase may be as high as 2.2 to 10°F rather than drier conditions, the rains would tend (1.4 to 5.8°C) in the next century. In addition to to temporarily clear the air of particulate pollution these projections, there are identifiable signs that and reduce the incidence of large wildfires, global warming is currently taking place, thereby ameliorating the pollution associated with including substantial ice loss in the Arctic.45 wildfires. Additionally, severe heat accompanied by drier conditions and poor air quality could According to the Cal/EPA’s 2010 Climate Action increase the number of heat-related deaths, Team Biennial Report, potential impacts of illnesses, and asthma attacks throughout the climate change in California may include loss in state.46 snow pack, sea level rise, more extreme heat days per year, more high ozone days, more large forest fires, and more drought years (Cal/EPA, April Water Supply 2010). Below is a summary of some of the Analysis of paleoclimatic data (such as tree-ring potential effects that could be experienced in reconstructions of stream flow and precipitation) California as a result of climate change. indicates a history of naturally and widely varying hydrologic conditions in California and the west, Sea Level Rise including a pattern of recurring and extended droughts. Uncertainty remains with respect to the According to The Impacts of Sea-Level Rise on overall impact of climate change on future water the California Coast, prepared by the California supplies in California. However, the average early Climate Change Center (CCCC) (May 2009), spring snowpack in the Sierra Nevada decreased climate change has the potential to induce by about 10% during the last century, a loss of substantial sea level rise in the coming century. 1.5 million acre-feet of snowpack storage. During The rising sea level increases the likelihood and the same period, sea level rose eight inches along risk of flooding. The study identifies a sea level California’s coast. California’s temperature has rise on the California coast over the past century risen 1°F, mostly at night and during the winter, of approximately eight inches. Based on the with higher elevations experiencing the highest

44 ARB, October 2011 45 IPCC, 2007 46 CEC March, 2009

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-110 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

increase. Many Southern California cities have Agriculture experienced their lowest recorded annual California has a $30 billion agricultural industry precipitation twice within the past decade. In a that produces half of the country’s fruits and span of only two years, Los Angeles experienced vegetables. Higher CO2 levels can stimulate plant both its driest and wettest years on record.47 production and increase plant water-use This uncertainty complicates the analysis of efficiency. However, if temperatures rise and drier future water demand, especially where the conditions prevail, water demand could increase; relationship between climate change and its crop-yield could be threatened by a less reliable potential effect on water demand is not well water supply; and greater air pollution could understood. The Sierra snowpack provides the render plants more susceptible to pest and majority of California's water supply by disease outbreaks. In addition, temperature accumulating snow during our wet winters and increases could change the time of year certain releasing it slowly when we need it during our dry crops, such as wine grapes, bloom or ripen, and springs and summers. Based upon historical data thereby affect their quality.49 and modeling DWR projects that the Sierra snowpack will experience a 25% to 40% reduction Ecosystems and Wildlife from its historic average by 2050. Climate change Climate change and the potential resulting is also anticipated to bring warmer storms that changes in weather patterns could have ecological result in less snowfall at lower elevations, effects on a global and local scale. Increasing reducing the total snowpack.48 concentrations of GHGs are likely to accelerate the rate of climate change. Scientists project that Hydrology the average global surface temperature could rise As discussed above, climate change could by 1.0 to 4.5°F (0.6 to 2.5°C) in the next 50 years, potentially affect: the amount of snowfall, rainfall, and 2.2 to 10°F (1.4 to 5.8°C) in the next century, and snow pack; the intensity and frequency of with substantial regional variation. Soil moisture storms; flood hydrographs (flash floods, rain or is likely to decline in many regions, and intense snow events, coincidental high tide and high rainstorms are likely to become more frequent. runoff events); sea level rise and coastal flooding; Sea level could rise as much as two feet along coastal erosion; and the potential for salt water most of the U.S. coast. Rising temperatures could intrusion. Sea level rise may be a product of have four major impacts on plants and animals: climate change through two main processes: 1) timing of ecological events; 2) geographic expansion of sea water as the oceans warm and range; 3) species’ composition within melting of ice over land. A rise in sea levels could communities; and 4) ecosystem processes, such result in coastal flooding and erosion and could as carbon cycling and storage.50 jeopardize California’s water supply due to salt While the above-mentioned potential impacts water intrusion. Increased storm intensity and identify the possible effects of climate change at frequency could affect the ability of flood-control a global and potentially statewide level, in general facilities, including levees, to handle storm scientific modeling tools are currently unable to events. predict what impacts would occur locally with a similar degree of accuracy. In general, regional

47 California Department of Water Resources (DWR), 49 CCCC, 2006 2008; CCCC, May 2009 50 Parmesan, 2004; Parmesan, C. and H. Galbraith, 48 DWR, 2008 2004

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-111 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

and local predictions are made based on is to be decided by the Ad Hoc Working Group on downscaling statewide models.51 Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol at its seventeenth session.54

4.7.2 Regulatory Framework In Durban,55 governments decided to adopt a The following regulations address both climate universal legal agreement on climate change as change and GHG emissions. soon as possible, but not later than 2015. Work will begin on this immediately under a new group called the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban International Regulations Platform for Enhanced Action. Progress was also The United States is, and has been, a participant made regarding the creation of a Green Climate in the United Nations Framework Convention on Fund (GCF) for which a management framework Climate Change (UNFCCC) since it was produced was adopted.56 by the United Nations in 1992. The UNFCCC is an international environmental treaty with the Federal Regulations objective of, “stabilization of GHG concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent The United States is currently using a voluntary dangerous anthropogenic interference with the and incentive-based approach toward emissions climate system.” This is generally understood to reductions in lieu of the Kyoto Protocol’s be achieved by stabilizing global GHG mandatory framework. The Climate Change concentrations between 350 and 400 ppm, in Technology Program (CCTP) is a multi-agency order to limit the global average temperature research and development coordination effort (led increases between 2 and 2.4°C above pre- by the Secretaries of Energy and Commerce) that industrial levels.52 The UNFCCC itself does not set is charged with carrying out the President’s limits on GHG emissions for individual countries National Climate Change Technology Initiative or enforcement mechanisms. Instead, the treaty (U.S. EPA, December 2007). However, the provides for updates, called “protocols,” that voluntary approach to address climate change would identify mandatory emissions limits. and greenhouse gas emissions may be changing. The United States Supreme Court in Five years later, the UNFCCC brought nations Massachusetts et al. v. Environmental Protection together again to draft the Kyoto Protocol (1997). Agency et al. ([2007] 549 U.S. 05-1120) held that The Kyoto Protocol established commitments for the U.S. EPA has the authority to regulate motor- industrialized nations to reduce their collective vehicle GHG emissions under the federal Clean Air emissions of six GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, SF6, HFCs, Act. and PFCs) to 5.2% below 1990 levels by 2012. The United States is a signatory of the Kyoto Protocol, The U.S. EPA issued a Final Rule for mandatory but Congress has not ratified it and the United reporting of GHG emissions in October 2009. This States has not bound itself to the Protocol’s Final Rule applies to fossil fuel suppliers, commitments.53 The first commitment period of industrial gas suppliers, direct GHG emitters, and the Kyoto Protocol ended in 2012. Governments, manufacturers of heavy-duty and off-road including 38 industrialized countries, agreed to a vehicles and vehicle engines, and requires annual second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, beginning January 1, 2013 and ending either on December 31, 2017 or December 31, 2020. This 54 UNFCCC, November 2011 55 17th session of the Conference of the Parties in 51 CEC, March 2009 Durban, South Africa, December 2011 52 IPCC 2007 56 UNFCCC, December 2011; United Nations, 53 UNFCCC, 2007 September 2012

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-112 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

reporting of emissions. The first annual reports the waiver of Clean Air Act preemption to were due in March 2011. California for its greenhouse gas emission standards for motor vehicles beginning with the On May 13, 2010, the U.S. EPA issued a Final Rule 2009 model year. Pavley I took effect for model that took effect on January 2, 2011, setting a years starting in 2009 to 2016 and Pavley II, threshold of 75,000 million tons (MT) CO2e per which is now referred to as “LEV (Low Emission year for GHG emissions. New and existing Vehicle) III GHG” will cover 2017 to 2025. Fleet industrial facilities that meet or exceed that average emission standards would reach 22% threshold will require a permit after that date. On reduction by 2012 and 30% by 2016. November 10, 2010, the U.S. EPA published the “PSD and Title V Permitting Guidance for In 2005, Governor Schwarzenegger issued Greenhouse Gases.” The U.S. EPA’s guidance Executive Order S-3-05, establishing statewide document is directed at state agencies GHG emissions reduction targets. Executive Order responsible for air pollution permits under the (EO) S-3-05 provides that by 2010, emissions Federal Clean Air Act to help them understand shall be reduced to 2000 levels; by 2020, how to implement GHG reduction requirements emissions shall be reduced to 1990 levels; and by while mitigating costs for industry. It is expected 2050, emissions shall be reduced to 80% of 1990 that most states will use the U.S. EPA’s new levels.57 In response to EO S-3-05, Cal/EPA guidelines when processing new air pollution created the Climate Action Team (CAT), which in permits for power plants, oil refineries, cement March 2006 published the Climate Action Team manufacturing, and other big pollution point Report (the “2006 CAT Report”).57 The 2006 CAT sources. Report identified a recommended list of strategies that the state could pursue to reduce GHG On January 2, 2011, the U.S. EPA implemented the emissions. These are strategies that could be first phase of the Tailoring Rule for GHG implemented by various state agencies to ensure emissions Title V Permitting. Under the first that the emission reduction targets in EO S-3-05 phase of the Tailoring Rule, all new sources of are met and can be met with existing authority of emissions are subject to GHG Title V permitting if the state agencies. The strategies include the they are otherwise subject to Title V for another reduction of passenger and light duty truck air pollutant and they emit at least 75,000 MT emissions, the reduction of idling times for diesel CO2e per year. Under Phase 1, no sources were trucks, an overhaul of shipping technology/ required to obtain a Title V permit solely due to infrastructure, increased use of alternative fuels, GHG emissions. Phase 2 of the Tailoring Rule increased recycling, and landfill methane capture. went into effect July 1, 2011. At that time new sources were subject to GHG Title V permitting if California’s major initiative for reducing GHG

the source emits 100,000 MT CO2e per year, or emissions is outlined in Assembly Bill 32 (AB 32), they are otherwise subject to Title V permitting the “California Global Warming Solutions Act of for another pollutant and emit at least 75,000 MT 2006,” signed into law in 2006. AB 32 codifies the

CO2e per year. statewide goal of reducing GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 (essentially a 15% reduction California Regulations below 2005 emission levels; the same requirement as under S-3-05), and requires ARB to Assembly Bill (AB) 1493 (2002), referred to as prepare a Scoping Plan that outlines the main “Pavley,” requires ARB to develop and adopt state strategies for reducing GHGs to meet the regulations to achieve “the maximum feasible and 2020 deadline. In addition, AB 32 requires ARB to cost-effective reduction of GHG emissions from motor vehicles.” On June 30, 2009, EPA granted 57 Cal/EPA, 2006

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-113 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

adopt regulations to require reporting and Transportation Plan (RTP). On September 23, verification of statewide GHG emissions. 2010 ARB adopted final regional targets for reducing GHG emissions from 2005 levels by After completing a comprehensive review and 2020 and 2035. The Southern California update process, the ARB approved a 1990 Association of Governments (SCAG) was assigned statewide GHG level and 2020 limit of 427 MMT targets of an 8% reduction in GHGs from CO2e. The Scoping Plan was approved by ARB on transportation sources by 2020 and a 13% December 11, 2008, and includes measures to reduction in GHGs from transportation sources by address GHG emission reduction strategies 2035. In April 2012, SCAG adopted the “2012- related to energy efficiency, water use, and 2035 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable recycling and solid waste, among other measures. Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS).” SCAG’s The Scoping Plan includes a range of GHG RTP/SCS includes a commitment to reduce reduction actions that may include direct emissions from transportation sources by regulations, alternative compliance mechanisms, promoting compact and infill development in monetary and non-monetary incentives, voluntary order to comply with SB 375. actions, and market-based mechanisms. ARB Resolution 07-54 establishes 25,000 metric Executive Order S-01-07 was enacted on tons of GHG emissions as the threshold for January 18, 2007. The order mandates identifying the largest stationary emission establishment of a Low Carbon Fuel Standard sources in California for purposes of requiring the (“LCFS”) for transportation fuels to reduce the annual reporting of emissions. This threshold is carbon intensity of California’s transportation just over 0.005% of California’s total inventory of fuels by at least 10% by 2020. GHG emissions for 2004. Senate Bill (SB) 97, signed in August 2007, In April 2011, Governor Brown signed SB 2X acknowledges that climate change is an requiring California to generate 33% of its environmental issue that requires analysis in electricity from renewable energy by 2020.58 California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) documents. In March 2010, the California Resources Agency (Resources Agency) adopted San Bernardino County GHG Reduction Plan amendments to the CEQA Guidelines for the The San Bernardino Associated Governments feasible mitigation of GHG emissions or the (SANBAG) is in the process of developing the “San effects of GHG emissions. The adopted guidelines Bernardino County Regional Greenhouse Gas give lead agencies the discretion to set Reduction Plan.” The public draft of the report quantitative or qualitative thresholds for the was released in June, 2013. The plan includes a assessment and mitigation of GHGs and climate regional greenhouse gas inventory and change impacts. summarizes actions that participating jurisdictions have selected in order to reduce GHG Senate Bill (SB) 375, signed in August 2008, emissions. As part of the plan, the City selected a enhances the state’s ability to reach AB 32 goals goal to reduce its community GHG emissions to a by directing ARB to develop regional greenhouse level that is 20% below its projected emissions gas emission reduction targets to be achieved from vehicles for 2020 and 2035. SB 375 directs each of the state’s 18 major Metropolitan 58 For more information on the Senate and Assembly Planning Organizations (MPO) to prepare a bills, Executive Orders, and reports discussed above, “sustainable communities strategy” (SCS) that and to view reports and research referenced above, contains a growth strategy to meet these please refer to the following websites: emission targets for inclusion in the Regional www.climatechange.ca.gov and http://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/cc.htm.

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-114 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

level in 2020. The City actually exceeds the goal Action CN-3.2.2: Power City vehicles and with only state/county level actions (112% of equipment with reduced carbon dioxide goal), but has committed to additional local emission fuels. [New] measures and to support applicable regional Action CN-3.2.3: Provide Climate Action Plan measures. Additional measures include information and resources to the Chino Hills implementing SB X7‐7 to reduce water use in the community. [New] City, encouraging the installation of solar for existing housing (reducing energy use), and providing equipment upgrades at wastewater 4.7.4 Thresholds of Significance treatment plant. In March 2010, the California Resources Agency adopted SB 97, to amend the CEQA Guidelines to 4.7.3 Proposed Conservation Element require assessment of the effects of GHGs and Goals, Policies and Actions Related consistency with applicable plans, policies, or to GHG Reduction regulations designed to reduce GHGs. These criteria are used in evaluating the cumulative significance of GHG emissions resulting from Goal CN-3: Promote Sustainable Practices that long-term implementation of the proposed Conserve Natural Resources and Reduce General Plan Update. The criteria state that Greenhouse Gas Emissions [New] impacts would be significant if they would: Policy CN-3.1: Endorse green building design in new and existing construction. [New] a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have Action CN-3.1.1: Implement green building a significant impact on the environment policies that promote increased use of energy b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or efficiency, alternative energy, recycled regulation adopted for the purpose of materials, renewable resources, local reducing the emissions of greenhouse materials, water efficiency, and pollution gases reduction. [New] The adopted CEQA Guidelines provide general Action CN-3.1.2: Establish programs that regulatory guidance on the analysis and encourage homeowners to reduce energy mitigation of GHG emissions in CEQA documents, consumption. [New] but do not contain suggested thresholds of Action CN-3.1.3: Seek available funding significance for GHG emissions. Instead, they give sources that can be applied toward green lead agencies the discretion to set quantitative or building programs. [New] qualitative thresholds for the assessment and mitigation of GHGs and climate change impacts. Action CN-3.1.4: Coordinate with state and One approach to developing a Threshold of regional agencies to ensure that alternative Significance for GHG emissions is to identify the energy facilities are compatible with Chino emissions level for which a project would not be Hills’ natural and built environment. [New] expected to substantially conflict with existing Policy CN-3.2: Develop and implement a Climate California legislation adopted to reduce statewide Action Plan. [New] GHG emissions. If a project would generate GHG emissions above the threshold level, its Action CN-3.2.1: Reduce greenhouse gas contribution to cumulative impacts would be emissions in City operations. [New] considered significant.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-115 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

To date, the Bay Area Air Quality Management gases are primarily associated with industrial District (BAAQMD), the South Coast Air Quality processes. Emissions of all GHGs are converted

Management District (SCAQMD), and the San into their equivalent weight in CO2 (CO2e). Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District Minimal amounts of other main GHGs (such as (SJVAPCD) have adopted quantitative significance chlorofluorocarbons [CFCs]) would be emitted; thresholds for GHGs. In December 2008, the however, these other GHG emissions would not

SCAQMD adopted a threshold of over 10,000 substantially add to the calculated CO2e amounts. metric tons CO2e per year to be significant, to Calculations are based on the methodologies apply to stationary sources for which it is the discussed in the California Air Pollution Control permitting authority and CEQA Lead Agency. That Officers Association (CAPCOA) “CEQA and Climate threshold does not apply to adoption of any local Change” white paper (January 2008) and included general plans. To help local agencies in their the use of the California Climate Action Registry review of general plan updates, the SCAQMD has (CCAR) General Reporting Protocol (January a recommended performance threshold for 2009). planning documents of 6.6 MT/year CO2e per 59 service population. Service population (SP) is On-Site Operational Emissions defined as residents plus employees. The City has not created impact significance thresholds for Operational emissions from energy use (electricity assessment of project level of planning level and natural gas use) for the project were actions. Accordingly, the SCAQMD-recommended estimated using the California Emissions planning level threshold is applied to the Estimator Model (CalEEMod) 2011 Version assessment of the Chino Hills General Plan 2011.1.1 software program (see Appendix G for Update to address the first CEQA Guidelines calculations). The default values on which the threshold noted above. Further, in determining CalEEMod software program are based include the whether or not the proposed project’s GHG California Energy Commission (CEC) sponsored emissions are “cumulatively considerable,” an California Commercial End Use Survey (CEUS) and inconsistency with applicable GHG emissions Residential Appliance Saturation Survey (RASS) reductions strategies would be a significant studies. CalEEMod provides operational emissions impact under the second significance threshold of CO2, N2O, and CH4. This methodology is defined above. considered reasonable and reliable for use, as it has been subjected to peer review by numerous public and private stakeholders, and in particular Methodology by the CEC; it is also recommended by CAPCOA

Calculations of CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions are (January 2008). provided to identify the magnitude of potential Emissions associated with area sources, including project effects. The analysis focuses on CO2, CH4, hearths, consumer products, landscape and N2O because these make up 98.9% of all GHG maintenance, and architectural coating were emissions by volume60 and are the GHG calculated in CalEEMod and utilize standard emissions that the project would emit in the emission rates from CARB, U.S. EPA, and district largest quantities. Fluorinated gases, such as supplied emission factor values.61 HFCs, PFCs, and SF6, were also considered for the analysis. However, the quantity of fluorinated Emissions from waste generation were also gases would not be significant since fluorinated calculated in CalEEMod and are based on the IPCC’s methods for quantifying GHG emissions from solid waste using the degradable organic 59 SCAQMD, “Proposed Tier 4 Performance Standards – Option 3”, September 2010 60 IPCC, 2007 61 CalEEMod User Guide, 2011

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-116 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

content of waste. 62 Waste disposal rates by land generated by the project itself. Such models do use and overall composition of municipal solid not demonstrate, with respect to a regional air waste in California was primarily based on data quality impact, what proportion of these provided by the California Department of emissions are actually “new” emissions, Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle). specifically attributable to the project in question. For most projects, the main contributor to Emissions from water and wastewater usage regional air quality emissions is from motor calculated in CalEEMod were based on the default vehicles; however, the quantity of vehicle trips electricity intensity from the CEC’s 2006 Refining appropriately characterized as “new” is usually Estimates of Water-Related Energy Use in uncertain as traffic associated with a project may California using the average values for Northern be relocated trips from other locales. Therefore, and Southern California. because the proportion of “new” versus relocated trips is unknown, the VMT estimate generated by Direct Emissions from Mobile Combustion CalEEMod is used as a conservative, “worst-case” estimate. Emissions of CO2 and CH4 from transportation sources for the proposed project were quantified using the CalEEMod software model. Because the Construction Emissions CalEEMod software program does not calculate Although construction activity is addressed in this N2O emissions from mobile sources, N2O analysis, CAPCOA does not discuss whether any emissions were quantified using the California of the suggested threshold approaches Climate Action Registry General Reporting adequately address impacts from temporary Protocol (January 2009) direct emissions factors construction activity. As stated in the “CEQA and for mobile combustion (see Appendix G for Climate Change” white paper, “more study is calculations). As the Traffic Study for the General needed to make this assessment or to develop Plan Update (Appendix I) did not include an separate thresholds for construction activity.”63 estimate of total daily trips associated with full Nevertheless, air districts such as the SCAQMD General Plan build-out, the estimate of total daily (2011) have recommended amortizing trips associated with the General Plan Update was construction-related emissions over a 30-year based on the standard Institute of Transportation period in conjunction with the proposed project’s Engineers (ITE) vehicle trip rates (used in operational emissions. CalEEMod and in the traffic study) and was calculated and extrapolated to derive total annual Construction of the proposed project would

mileage in CalEEMod. Emission rates for N2O generate temporary GHG emissions primarily due emissions were based on the vehicle mix output to the operation of construction equipment and generated by CalEEMod and the emission factors truck trips. Site preparation and grading typically found in the California Climate Action Registry generate the greatest amount of emissions due to General Reporting Protocol. the use of grading equipment and soil hauling. The CalEEMod software program was used to A limitation of the quantitative analysis of estimate emissions associated with the emissions from mobile combustion is that construction period, based on parameters such as emission models, such as CalEEMod, evaluate the duration of construction activity, area of aggregate emissions, meaning that all vehicle disturbance, and anticipated equipment used trips and related emissions assigned to a project during construction. are assumed to be new trips and emissions

62 CalEEMod User Guide, 2011 63 CAPCOA, 2008

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-117 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.7.5 Project Impacts Operational Indirect and Stationary Direct Emissions Would the project: a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either Area Source Emissions directly or indirectly, that may have a The CalEEMod model was used to calculate direct significant impact on the environment sources of air emissions located throughout the potential new residential and commercial sites. Impact Discussion This includes hearths, consumer product use, Impacts are assessed with respect to construction architectural coatings, and landscape maintenance and operational emissions, below. equipment. As shown in Table 4-19, the area sources would generate approximately 1,959 Construction Emissions metric tons CO2e per year. For the purpose of this analysis, construction Table 4-19 – Estimated Annual Area Source activity is assumed to occur over a period of Greenhouse Gas Emissions approximately 22 years to 2035, or the General Emission Source Annual Emissions Plan Update build-out year. As stated in the Architectural Coating <0.001 metric tons CO2e Consumer Products <0.001 metric tons CO2e Project Description, the proposed General Plan Hearth 1,859 metric tons CO2e Update would facilitate development of 5,807 Landscaping 100 metric tons CO2e housing units and 1,818,751 square feet of Total 1,959 metric tons CO2e commercial/ institutional space. Based on the Source: See Table 6.2, “Area by SubCategory- unmitigated,” of annual CalEEMod model results, construction activity CalEEMod modeling results in GHG Study Appendix would generate an estimated 109,489 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) units (as Energy Use shown in Table 4-18). Amortized over a 30-year Operation of the potential new residences and period, construction emissions would generate an commercial uses would consume electricity and estimated 3,653 metric tons of CO2e per year. natural gas. The generation of electricity through

Table 4-18 – Estimated Construction Emissions of combustion of fossil fuels typically yields CO2, Greenhouse Gases and to a smaller extent, N2O and CH4. As Annual Emissions discussed above, annual electricity and natural Emissions Carbon Dioxide gas emissions can be calculated using default Emission Source (metric tons) Equivalent (CO2e) values from the CEC sponsored CEUS and RASS Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 109,489 109,489 metric tons Methane (CH4) 4.7 100 metric tons studies which are built into the CalEEMod model. Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 0.0* 0.0 metric tons As shown in Table 4-20, electricity consumption Total 109,589 metric tons associated with the project would generate Amortized over 30 years 3,653 metric tons per year approximately 18,310 metric tons CO2e per year. Source: See Table 2.1, “Unmitigated Construction” of annual CalEEMod modeling results in Appendix. Assumes development of a preliminary count Natural gas use would generate approximately of 5,822 housing units and 2,110,533 square feet of commercial/ 7,622 metric tons CO2e per year. Thus, overall institutional space. Because this preliminary count is more than what is energy use at the project site would generate proposed through the General Plan Update, actual GHG emissions are expected to be less than indicated in this table. approximately 25,932 metric tons of CO2e per year.

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-118 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-20 – Estimated Annual Energy-Related rates are based on the Institute of Transportation Greenhouse Gas Emissions Engineers (ITE), which are also utilized in the Emission Source Annual Emissions traffic study. Based on the CalEEMod model Electricity 18,310 metric tons CO2e estimate, potential development would generate Natural Gas 7,622 metric tons CO2e approximately 199,507,218 annual VMT. Total 25,932 metric tons CO2e Source: See Table 5.1, “Mitigation Measures Energy,” of annual Table 4-23 shows the estimated mobile CalEEMod modeling results in GHG Study Appendix. emissions of GHGs for the General Plan Update, based on the estimated annual VMT. As noted Solid Waste Emissions above, the CalEEMod model does not calculate It is anticipated that the potential new residences N2O emissions related to mobile sources. As and commercial uses would generate approxi- such, N2O emissions were calculated based on the mately 3,492 tons of solid waste per year project’s VMT using calculation methods provided according to the CalEEMod output (assuming 50% by the California Climate Action Registry General diversion rate in accordance with AB 939). As Reporting Protocol (January 2009). As shown in shown in Table 4-21, based on this estimate, Table 4-23 below, the project would result in solid waste disposal would generate approximately 84,078 metric tons of CO2e units associated with mobile emissions. approximately 1,588 metric tons of CO2e per year. Table 4-23 – Estimated Annual Mobile Emissions of Greenhouse Gases Table 4-21 – Estimated Annual Solid Waste Greenhouse Gas Emissions Emission Source Annual Emissions Mobile Emissions (CO2 & CH4) 1 79,722 metric tons CO2e Emission Source Annual Emissions Mobile Emissions (N2O) 2 4,356 metric tons CO2e Solid Waste 1,588 metric tons CO2e Total 84,078 metric tons CO2e Source: See Table 7, “Water by Land Use – Unmitigated” of annual See Table 4.1 of CalEEMod annual modeling results in Appendix. CalEEMod modeling results in the GHG Study Appendix. Assumes 199,507,218 annual vehicle miles traveled and that the General Plan Update would increase density to 5.5 dwelling units/acre and 3.6 jobs/job acre and improve the pedestrian network. Water Use Emissions 2 See Appendix for calculations according to California Climate Action Based on the amount of electricity generated in Registry General Reporting Protocol, Reporting Entity-Wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 3.1, January 2009, page 30-35. order to supply water to development facilitated by the General Plan Update, as shown in Table 4-22,

approximately 4,260 metric tons of CO2e would be Combined Construction, Stationary and Mobile generated per year. Source Emissions Table 4-22 – Estimated Annual Solid Waste Table 4-24 combines the construction, Greenhouse Gas Emissions operational, and mobile GHG emissions Emission Source Annual Emissions associated with General Plan Update build-out. Water Use 4,260 metric tons CO2e Construction emissions associated with Source: See Table 7, “Water by Land Use – Unmitigated” of annual construction activity are amortized over 30 years, CalEEMod modeling results in the GHG Study Appendix. in accordance with SCAQMD-recommended protocol. For the proposed General Plan Update, Transportation Emissions the combined annual emissions would total approximately 121,470 metric tons per year in Mobile source GHG emissions were estimated CO2e units. using the average daily trips for residences and by the total vehicle miles traveled (VMT) estimated in CalEEMod. CalEEMod trip generation

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-119 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-24 – Combined Annual Emissions of Based on the number of potential new residences Greenhouse Gases and commercial space, the proposed General Plan Emission Source Annual Emissions update would add approximately 25,889 residents Construction 3,653 metric tons CO2e and employees. Therefore, the proposed General Operational Area 1,959 metric tons CO2e Plan Update would result in approximately 4.7 Energy 25,932 metric tons CO2e metric tons CO2e per service population per year Solid Waste 1,588 metric tons CO2e (121,470 MT CO2e per year ÷ 25,889 SP = 4.7 MT Water 4,260 metric tons CO2e CO2e/SP/year, see Table 4-26). This figure is Mobile 84,078 metric tons CO2e Total 121,470 metric tons CO2e below the SCAQMD’s recommended plan-based Sources: See Tables 2-7 and annual CalEEMod emissions estimates in threshold of 6.6 metric tons CO2e per service Appendix for calculations and for GHG emission factor assumptions. population per year; therefore, total annual GHG emissions would be less than significant. SCAQMD’s plan-based threshold is 6.6 metric Table 4-26 – Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 64 tons CO2e per service population per year. Service Population Service population is defined as both residents Emission Source Annual Emissions and employees. Table 4-25 shows the total Total GHG Emissions 121,470 metric tons CO2e service population associated with build-out of Total Service Population 25,889 residents and employees the General Plan Update. This service population Total 4.7 MT CO2e/SP/Year calculation is based on a preliminary and higher count of units and square footage that is proposed through the General Plan Update, and Mitigation Measure consequently GHG emissions by service popula- None required tion are expected to be less than presented in Table 4-25, below. Impact Finding Table 4-25 – General Plan Update Service Less than significant impact Population Multiplication Land Use Amount Factor Total Would the project: Residences 5,822 units 3.3 persons/ 19,213 household [a] residents [b] b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or Commercial/ Mixed 1,384,012 sf 344 sf/ 4,024 regulation adopted for the purpose of Use employee** employees reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? Business Park 369,000 sf 288 sf/ 1,282 employee** employees Impact Discussion Commercial 0 n/a 0 Recreation Senate Bill 375, signed in August 2008, requires Institutional/Public 357,521 sf 261 sf/ 1,370 the inclusion of sustainable communities’ [c] Facility employee employees strategies (SCS) in regional transportation plans Total Service Population 25,889 (RTPs) for the purpose of reducing GHG a California Department of Finance, May 2013 emissions. In April 2012, the Southern California b This number assumes that all residential units would be occupied, it does not take into account the vacancy rate. Association of Government (SCAG) adopted the c SCAG Employment Density Study, 2001, 2012-2035 Regional Transportation Plan/ http://www.scag.ca.gov/forecast/downloads/employ_den.pdf Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS). A primary goal of the RTP/SCS is to provide a vision for future growth in Southern California that will reduce per capita GHG emissions from passenger vehicles and light duty trucks by 9% by 2020 and 64 SCAQMD, “Proposed Tier 4 Performance Standards,” 16% by 2035. September 2010

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-120 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The consistency of the General Plan Update with actions (112% of goal), but has committed to applicable policies from SCAG’s RTP/SCS is additional local measures and to support evaluated in Table 4-27. As shown, the General applicable regional measures.67 Additional Plan Update would be consistent with all of the measures include implementing SB X7‐7 to reduce strategies identified below to reduce GHG water use in the City, encouraging the installation emissions in the SCAG region, and these policies of solar for existing housing (reducing energy would help maintain or reduce per capita GHG use),and providing equipment upgrades at emissions from vehicular traffic in the City. The wastewater treatment plant. The proposed General Plan Update would be consistent with the General Plan Update is consistent with the draft regional SCS strategies. countywide GHG Reduction Plan and this is not expected to change when the plan is formally As discussed in Section 4.7.2, Regulatory adopted. Framework, in response to EO S-3-05, Cal/EPA created the Climate Action Team (CAT), which in March 2006, published the Climate Action Team Mitigation Measure Report (CAT Report).65 The 2006 CAT Report None required identified a recommended list of strategies that the state could pursue to reduce GHG emissions. Impact Finding In addition, in 2008 the California Attorney No impact General published “The California Environmental Quality Act: Addressing Global Warming Impacts at the Local Agency Level.”66 This document provides information that may be helpful to local agencies in carrying out their duties under CEQA as they relate to global warming. Included in this document are various measures that may reduce the global warming related impacts of a project.

Table 4-28 and Table 4-29 illustrate that the proposed General Plan Update would be consistent with the applicable GHG reduction strategies set forth by the 2006 CAT Report as well as the 2008 Attorney General’s Greenhouse Gas Reduction Measures.

San Bernardino County GHG Reduction Plan As noted earlier, the City selected a goal to reduce its community GHG emissions to a level that is 20% below its projected emissions level in 2020, as part of its participation in the countywide GHG Reduction Plan. The City actually exceeds the goal with only state/county level

65 Cal/EPA, 2006 67 San Bernardino County Regional Greenhouse Gas 66 Office of the California Attorney General, Global Reduction Plan Administrative Draft EIR, Chapter 4, Warming Measures Updated May 21, 2008 May 2013

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-121 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-27 – General Plan Update Consistency with SCAG 2012-2035 RTP/SCS 2012-2035 RTP/SCS General Plan Update Policies Goals Better Placemaking Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development. Create better places to live and work through Action LU-5.1.3: Coordinate land use patterns with transportation plans to compact development, varied housing options, improve and protect air quality, and reduce vehicular trips. bike and pedestrian improvements, and efficient transportation infrastructure in order to Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density residential and mixed use development reduce travel time and relieve road congestion. near commercial areas, major roadways, and transit facilities. Action LU-5.1.5: Encourage development to incorporate pedestrian and bicycle trails, fitness areas, and/or other facilities that promote healthy living. Lower Cost to Taxpayers and Families Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development. Reduce the cost of development for taxpayers Action LU-5.1.1: Identify sites suitable for mixed-use development within an and reduce the everyday costs of housing and existing urban service area and establish appropriate site specific standards to transportation by creating more compact accommodate the mixed uses. neighborhoods and placing everyday destinations closer to homes and closer to one Action LU-5.1.3: Coordinate land use patterns with transportation plans to another. improve and protect air quality, and reduce vehicular trips. Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density residential and mixed use development near commercial areas, major roadways, and transit facilities. Benefits to Public Health and the Environment Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development. Better placemaking will encourage an active Action LU-5.1.5: Encourage development to incorporate pedestrian and lifestyle and reduce impacts to natural bicycle trails, fitness areas, and/or other facilities that promote healthy living. environments. Goal CN-3: Promote sustainable practices that conserve natural resources and reduce greenhouse gas emissions Action LU-3.2.2: Provide sidewalks along all streets in residential neighborhoods; and where possible, provide sidewalks in internal green belts. Greater Responsiveness to Demographics Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development. and the Changing Housing Market Goal C-3: Provide safe and adequate pedestrian, bicycle, and public Strategies focused on high-quality places, transportation systems to provide alternatives to single occupant vehicular travel compact infill development, and more housing and to support land uses. and transportation choices will be responsive to newly emerging market forces. Improved Access and Mobility Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development. Placing destinations closer together and increasing alternative transportation options to decrease the time and cost of traveling between destinations. Strategies A Land Use growth pattern that accommodates Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density development. the region’s future employment and housing Goal CN-3: Promote sustainable practices that conserve natural resources and needs and protects sensitive habitat and natural reduce greenhouse gas emissions resource areas.

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-122 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

2012-2035 RTP/SCS General Plan Update Policies A Transportation Network that consists of public Goal C-3: Provide safe and adequate pedestrian, bicycle, and public transit, highways, local streets, bikeways, and transportation systems to provide alternatives to single occupant vehicular travel walkways. and to support land uses. Policy C-3.1: Encourage the use of public transportation for commute and local, and increase citywide transit ridership. Policy C-3.2: Support other alternatives to single-occupant vehicular travel. Action C-3.2.3: Support the citywide Bicycle Master Plan and bikeway improvements. Transportation System Management (TSM) Policy C-2.1: Support and participate in regional efforts to improve vehicular and measures that maximize the efficiency of the non-vehicular transportation systems. transportation network. Action C-2.1.2: Coordinate with SANBAG regarding the integration of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) that will maximize the efficiency of the transportation system through advanced technologies, such as adaptive signal controls. Policy C-3.1: Encourage the use of public transportation for commute and local, and increase citywide transit ridership. Source: Southern California Association of Governments, 2012-2035 RTP/SCS

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-123 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-28 – Consistency with Applicable Climate Action Team Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategies Strategy Project Consistency California Air Resources Board Vehicle Climate Change Standards Consistent AB 1493 (Pavley) required the state to develop and adopt The vehicles that travel to and from the Chino Hills on public regulations that achieve the maximum feasible and cost- roadways would be in compliance with ARB vehicle standards that effective reduction of climate change emissions emitted by are in effect at the time of vehicle purchase. passenger vehicles and light duty trucks. Regulations were adopted by the ARB in September 2004. Diesel Anti-Idling Consistent The ARB adopted a measure to limit diesel-fueled Current state law restricts diesel truck idling to five minutes or less. commercial motor vehicle idling in July 2004. Diesel trucks operating from and making deliveries to the Chino Hills are subject to this state-wide law. In addition, vehicles hauling exported material from construction sites associated with development projects facilitated by the General Plan Update would not idle at the project site, those vehicles would pick-up the materials to be exported and leave the site. Hydrofluorocarbon Reduction Consistent 1) Ban retail sale of HFC in small cans. This strategy applies to consumer products. All applicable products 2) Require that only low GWP refrigerants be used in new would be required to comply with the regulations that are in effect at vehicular systems. the time of manufacture. 3) Adopt specifications for new commercial refrigeration. 4) Add refrigerant leak-tightness to the pass criteria for vehicular inspection and maintenance programs. 5) Enforce federal ban on releasing HFCs. Alternative Fuels: Biodiesel Blends Consistent ARB would develop regulations to require the use of 1 to 4% Diesel vehicles such as delivery trucks that travel to and from the biodiesel displacement of California diesel fuel. Chino Hills on public roadways could utilize this fuel once it is commercially available. Alternative Fuels: Ethanol Consistent Increased use of E-85 fuel. Residents and visitors in Chino Hills could choose to purchase flex- fuel vehicles and utilize this fuel once it is commercially available regionally and locally. Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emission Reduction Measures Consistent Increased efficiency in the design of heavy duty vehicles and Heavy-duty vehicles for the exported material hauling activities that an education program for the heavy duty vehicle sector. travel to and from Chino Hills on public roadways would be subject to all applicable ARB efficiency standards that are in effect at the time of vehicle manufacture. Achieve 50% Statewide Recycling Goal Consistent Achieving the state’s 50% waste diversion mandate as The City of Chino Hills is responsible for complying with AB 939. The established by the Integrated Waste Management Act of City has consistently met its goals for solid waste diversion, and 1989, (AB 939, Sher, Chapter 1095, Statutes of 1989), will achieved a diversion rate of 64% in 2011 (ChinoHills.com, 2011). reduce climate change emissions associated with energy It is anticipated that development facilitated by the General Plan intensive material extraction and production as well as Update would participate in the City’s waste diversion programs and methane emission from landfills. A diversion rate of 52% has would similarly divert at least 50% of solid waste. Individual projects been achieved on a statewide basis. would also be subject to all applicable state and county requirements for solid waste reduction as they change in the future. Further, the General Plan Update contains goals, policies, and actions intended to reduce solid waste:

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-124 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Strategy Project Consistency Goal CN-5: Provide for adequate and efficient solid waste disposal Policy CN-5.1: Meet the City’s solid waste disposal needs, while maximizing opportunities for waste reduction and recycling. Action CN-5.1.1: Implement the City's Source Reduction and Recycling Element as required by the California Integrated Waste Management Act. Action CN-5.1.2: Publicize and educate the public about waste reduction techniques and facilities. Department of Water Resources Water Use Efficiency Consistent Approximately 19% of all electricity, 30% of all natural gas, The proposed General Plan Update includes policies and actions to and 88 million gallons of diesel are used to convey, treat, reduce water use: distribute and use water and wastewater. Increasing the Policy CN-4.1: Promote water conservation. efficiency of water transport and reducing water use would reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Action CN-4.1.1: Continue to implement water conservation programs to sustain potable water sources. Action CN-4.1.2: Promote use of drought-tolerant plant materials and low water usage irrigation systems. Action CN-4.1.3: Promote low water use plantings and materials in City street medians and parkways. Action CN-4.1.4: Continue to use reclaimed water for non-potable water supplies wherever not precluded by public health considerations. Energy Commission (CEC) Building Energy Efficiency Standards in Place and in Consistent Progress Future development would need to comply with the standards of California Public Resources Code §25402 authorizes the Title 24 that are in effect at the time of development. CEC to adopt and periodically update its building energy The proposed General Plan Update also includes policies and actions efficiency standards (that apply to newly constructed to encourage energy efficiency: buildings and additions to and alterations to existing buildings). Policy CN-3.1: Endorse green building design in new and existing construction. Action CN-3.1.1: Implement green building policies that promote increased use of energy efficiency, alternative energy, recycled materials, renewable resources, local materials, water efficiency, and pollution reduction. Action CN-3.1.2: Establish programs that encourage homeowners to reduce energy consumption. Action CN-3.1.3: Seek available funding sources that can be applied toward green building programs. Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards in Place and in Consistent Progress Under state law, appliances that are purchased would be consistent California Public Resources Code §25402 authorizes the with energy efficiency standards that are in effect at the time of Energy Commission to adopt and periodically update its manufacture. appliance energy efficiency standards (that apply to devices and equipment using energy that are sold or offered for sale in California).

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-125 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Strategy Project Consistency Fuel-Efficient Replacement Tires & Inflation Programs Consistent State legislation established a statewide program to Residents at and visitors to Chino Hills could purchase tires for their encourage the production and use of more efficient tires. vehicles that comply with state programs for increased fuel efficiency. Alternative Fuels: Non-Petroleum Fuels Consistent Increasing the use of non-petroleum fuels in California’s Residents and visitors of Chino Hills could purchase alternative fuel transportation sector, as recommended as recommended in vehicles and utilize these fuels once they are commercially available the CEC’s 2003 and 2005 Integrated Energy Policy Reports. regionally and locally. Green Buildings Initiative Consistent Green Building Executive Order, S-20-04 (CA 2004), sets a The General Plan Update would facilitate physical development that goal of reducing energy use in public and private buildings by would need to comply with the standards of Title 24 that are in effect 20% by the year 2015, as compared with 2003 levels. The at the time of development. See also discussion under “Building Executive Order and related action plan spell out specific Energy Efficiency Standards in Place and in Progress” for General actions state agencies are to take with state-owned and - Plan Update policies and actions related to green building. leased buildings. The order and plan also discuss various strategies and incentives to encourage private building owners and operators to achieve the 20% target. Business, Transportation and Housing Smart Land Use and Intelligent Transportation Systems Consistent (ITS) The General Plan Update includes goals, strategies, and actions to Smart land use strategies encourage jobs/housing proximity, encourage smart land use strategies: promote transit-oriented development, and encourage high- Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and higher density density residential/commercial development along transit development. corridors. Action LU-5.1.1: Identify sites suitable for mixed-use development within an existing urban service area and establish appropriate site specific standards to accommodate the mixed uses. Action LU-5.1.3: Coordinate land use patterns with transportation plans to improve and protect air quality, and reduce vehicular trips. Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density residential and mixed use development near commercial areas, major roadways, and transit facilities.

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-126 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-29 – Project Consistency with Applicable Attorney General Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Measures Strategy Project Consistency Transportation-Related Emissions Diesel Anti-Idling Consistent Set specific limits on idling time for commercial vehicles, Currently, the California Air Resources Board’s (CARB) Airborne including delivery vehicles. Toxic Control Measure (ATCM) to Limit Diesel-Fueled Commercial Motor Vehicle Idling restricts diesel truck idling to five minutes or less. Diesel trucks making deliveries to Chino Hills are subject to this statewide law. In addition, vehicles hauling exported material off-site would not idle at the site; instead, those vehicles would pick-up the materials and leave the site. Transportation Emissions Reduction Consistent Provide shuttle service to public transportation. The General Plan Update includes goals, strategies, and actions to encourage alternative transportation: Goal C-3: Provide safe and adequate pedestrian, bicycle, and public transportation systems to provide alternatives to single occupant vehicular travel and to support land uses. Policy C-3.1: Encourage the use of public transportation for commute and local, and increase citywide transit ridership. Policy C-3.2: Support other alternatives to single occupant vehicular travel.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change page 4-127 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

consistent with the regional planning strategies 4.7.6 Cumulative Impacts set forth in the 2012 RTP/SCS as well as state and Impact Discussion county level regulations and emissions reduction strategies. As part of the Countywide GHG The preceding analyses of the GHG emissions Reduction Plan, the City of Chino Hills would associated with full build-out of the General Plan exceed the GHG reduction goals established by Update and consistency with state regulations Executive Order (EO) S-3-05. Consequently, the and the regional SCS account for the total, General Plan Update would not contribute to combined, cumulative effects of all future cumulative impacts involving conflicts with those development throughout the City, over the next GHG Reduction Plans, Policies, and Regulations. 20+ years. As discussed therein, the analysis of the total GHG emissions determined that Mitigation Measure combined per capita emissions would be well below the recommended significance level None identified by SCAQMD for planning programs throughout the South Coast Air Basin. The effects Impact Finding of the General Plan Update, under this criterion would, therefore, be less than cumulatively Less than significant considerable. The General Plan Update is

Section 4.7 – Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-128 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Hazardous materials are used for a variety of

4.8 Hazards and Hazardous purposes including manufacturing, industrial Materials activities, various small businesses, agriculture, medical uses, schools, and households. Accidents This section addresses issues related to man- that could release hazardous chemicals in the made and natural hazards that may threaten the form of solids, liquids, or gases can occur in the health, safety, and property of the residents living production, use, transport, and disposal of these and working in the City of Chino Hills (City). hazardous materials. Such accidents have the Primary man-made hazards within the City potential to expose the public and the include hazardous substances and wastes environment to hazardous materials releases associated with past or current land uses, and which could result in consequences ranging from airport safety issues associated with the Chino mild to catastrophic. Airport. No private air strips occur in the City. 2. Local Hazards Prevention and The primary natural hazard addressed in this Response Agencies section is wildland fire. Seismic and other geologic hazards are addressed in Section 4.6, Within the City of Chino Hills, the Chino Valley Geology and Soils, flooding and hydrologic Independent Fire District (CVIFD) has primary concerns are addressed in Section 4.9, Hydrology responsibility to regulate the use and storage of and Water Quality (beginning on page 4-147), hazardous materials through adherence to the and the capacity of public services providers California Fire Code standards and through spill (police, fire, medical) to respond to a variety of and prevention technical assistance. CVIFD has 26 public safety challenges and emergencies are hazardous materials specialists, each of whom is addressed in Section 4.12, Public Services also a member of the West End Hazardous (beginning on page 4-193). Materials Team, one of three regional hazardous materials teams in San Bernardino County. This 4.8.1 Existing Conditions team includes personnel from the Chino Valley Fire District and the fire departments of the cities 1. Hazardous Materials Defined of Ontario, Rancho Cucamonga, Upland, and Chapter 6.5 of the California Health and Safety Montclair. The West End Hazardous Materials Code defines a “hazardous material” as “any Team can respond to major hazardous materials material that because of its quantity, concentra- emergencies in any of these jurisdictions, and can tion, or physical or chemical characteristics, assist in mutual aid responses in other 68 poses a significant present or potential hazard to surrounding jurisdictions. human health and safety or to the environment if released into the workplace or the environment.” 3. Hazardous Sites Thus, the term hazardous material is a broad Aerojet term for all substances that may be hazardous, specifically including hazardous substances and The Aerojet Chino Hills Facility consists of about hazardous waste. Substances that are flammable, 800 acres located in an undeveloped area in the corrosive, reactive, oxidizers, radioactive, southwestern portion of the City. It was a combustible, or toxic are considered hazardous. munitions assembly and test facility that operated The probability of accidental spills is accentuated from 1954 until the facility closed in November by the fact that the region is susceptible to 1995. Aerojet has been working with the earthquakes.

68 http://www.chinovalleyfire.org/Index.aspx?NID=197; accessed September 3, 2013

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-129 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

California Department of Toxic Substances Gas Lines Control (DTSC) to identify and remediate areas of Four high-pressure natural gas transmission the property and adjacent properties on which pipelines operated by Southern California Gas ballistics, toxics, or other hazardous materials are (SCG) Company extend across the City of Chino expected to occur. The most current update of Hills. Two of these pipes are 36 inches in Aerojet clean-up activities is provided in the diameter, and two are 30 inches in diameter. “Corrective Measures Study for Munitions and These pipes are fitted with automatically Explosives of Concern, Management Area 1, controlled valves so that, in the event of an Aerojet Chino Hills Property, Chino Hills, emergency, the damaged section of pipe is shut- California,” prepared for Aerojet-General off immediately and the pressure is diverted Corporation by AMEC and dated May 9, 2013.69 around the break. The natural gas distribution The purposes of the updated Corrective Measures system, which includes the pipes that connect Study include: individual houses and structures to the street mains, is not fitted with automatic shut-off 1. Evaluate Project Area (Aerojet property valves. However, all pipes in residential areas are and surrounding affected properties) controlled with a valve or series of valves. In the conditions and natural constraints that event of an emergency, the SCG can isolate the may influence munitions and explosives area by closing these valves. Once the gas has of concern (MEC). been turned off, crews can make any needed 2. Assist in identifying and evaluating the repairs to the lines. potential sources and distributions of MEC Within the City, SCG has implemented retrofit within the Project Area; programs which replaced older copper pipes with 3. Evaluate the existing sweep area designa- flexible polyethylene pipe for gas mains, and tions according to previous function and increased use of seismically designed devices, land use to assess the potential presence such as mechanical couplings and flexible (or absence) of residual MEC in each of connections for piping. All new pipes installed in these area; and the City during the past two decades are made of plastic and less susceptible to failure. 4. Review previous ordnance sweep results using the results of the GPO to evaluate the efficiency of various geophysical Chlorination Storage equipment types used in Project Area The City has a chlorination storage center located sweeps. within the City limits. The station is located north The City continues to monitor remediation of Eucalyptus Avenue, west of the Chino Valley Freeway and the storage center is located on activities at the Aerojet Project Area. Eucalyptus Avenue. The storage center currently stores approximately 500 to 750 pounds of chlorine tablets used to treat pumped well water prior to its introduction into the City’s domestic water system.

69 “Corrective Measures Study for Munitions and Chlorine can be liquid, solid, or gaseous when Explosives of Concern, Management Area 1, Aerojet used for water purification. The gas is non- Chino Hills Property, Chino Hills, California,” combustible, but as a strong oxidizer it can react prepared for Aerojet-General Corporation by AMEC explosively if mixed with some common and dated May 9, 2013; available at the City of substances such as fuel gas, ammonia, or Chino Hills Community Development Department

Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-130 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

turpentine. If inhaled, chlorine can irritate the hazardous materials and wastes. There are no eyes and nose and mouth tissues, and cause local transportation routes in the City that are headaches, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, and designated for movement of trucks. other respiratory symptoms. The tablet form of Consequently, the movement of hazardous chlorine that is currently stored at the storage substances and wastes through the Planning Area center is less susceptible than a liquid form to a is expected to be minimal. chlorine release or dispersion that could occur during a strong seismic event or other disaster. 5. Airport Safety Chino Airport is located at 7000 Merrill Avenue in Oil and Gas Wells Chino, just east of the City of Chino Hills. It is a Petroleum and natural gas have been produced general aviation airport that serves private, from oil fields in the eastern Puente Hills since business, and corporate tenants from Southern the late 1880s. The Chino-Soquel oil field is California. The Chino Airport Comprehensive located in the rugged area around Soquel Canyon, Land Use Plan (CACLUP) establishes three safety to the east of Sleepy Hollow. zones, each with a specific set of land use guidelines. Safety Zone 1 restricts residential and There are still several active oil producing wells industrial development; Safety Zone 2 restricts within the city as well as many plugged oil and uses that would result in more than 50 persons gas wells. Most wells plugged after the late 1970s per assembly area being present; Safety Zone 3 were abandoned to current standards. Wells places no restrictions on residential or other uses. abandoned prior to that time were likely not abandoned to current California Division of Oil, Portions of Safety Zone 2 and Safety Zone 3 cross Gas and Geothermal Resources (CDOGGR) into an area of City that is located east of Fairfield regulations. If development is planned for an area Ranch Road, south of Kimball Avenue and north known to have plugged and/or abandoned oil of Pine Avenue (Figure 4-10 – Chino Airport wells, the City is required to submit building Safety Zones). permit applications to the Long Beach office of Within the Safety Zone 2 area of Chino Hills, most the CDOGGR for inspection and proper of the area is undeveloped and designated as abandonment. Corrective action typically includes Open Space in the Chino Hills Land Use Plan. requiring the property owner to have all wells Within the Safety Zone 3 area of Chino Hills, most slurry filled to minimize future problems. Oilfield of the area is undeveloped and designated as related hazards that may require remediation and Open Space in the Chino Hills Land Use Plan. The mitigation include venting of gases, petroleum- two exceptions are the Big League Dreams Sports saturated soils and soils contaminated with Park, which is designated as Commercial diesel, heavy metals or other hazardous Recreation within the Chino Hills Land Use Plan, substances. and a small sliver of medium density housing designated as Medium Density Residential within 4. Hazardous Materials Transport Routes the Chino Hills Land Use Plan. The primary transportation artery in the Planning Both existing development within Chino Hills and Area that is designated for transport of hazardous the Chino Hills Land Use Plan are consistent with materials is SR-71. Carriers of such materials the CACLUP Safety Zones. must obtain permits from and are subject to inspections by the California Highway Patrol to ensure compliance with applicable federal and state regulations governing transportation of

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-131 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-10 – Chino Airport Safety Zones

Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-132 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

6. Military Land Use Compatibility Chino Hills and the State Park) causing approximately $16.1 million in damage. SB 146270 requires local governments to notify the military when projects are within military land Municipal Code §16.22.010 establishes a fire use areas, or changes to the general plan may hazard overlay district to protect structures and affect military land use areas. To assist local city residents from the potential hazards agencies comply with the notification process, the associated with wildland fires. The standards State of California Governor’s Office of Planning & permit fire fighting vehicles to have adequate Research (OPR) developed the California Military access into areas between wildland fire hazard Land Use Compatibility Analyst (CMLUCA), which areas or “fuel modified” areas and the is a mapping tool identifies whether proposed development perimeter, so that a wildland fire planning projects are located in the vicinity of can be contained at the development perimeter military bases, military training areas, or military and prevented from spreading to structures. An airspace. The City is outside the area of influence additional intent of these standards is to prevent of military bases, special use airspaces, or low structural development from becoming a barrier level flight paths. Consequently, the City has no between firefighting equipment and personnel requirement to notify the military of proposed and the development perimeter. projects within its jurisdiction, including the The CVIFD maintains extensive automatic and General Plan Update. mutual aid responses to protect the City’s wildland area. This includes utilizing contract 7. Wildland Fires labor and Cal Fire crews for fire hazard abatement Wildland fires are also known as brush or forest projects. Currently the CVIFD is involved in a fires. Although wildfires often start in remote grant-funded, multi-year vegetation reduction areas, wildland fires are capable of causing project in Carbon Canyon which, when extensive damage due to an extensive urban completed, should greatly increase the ability to interface. protect life and property from wildfire in the Carbon Canyon area. As illustrated in Figure 4-11 –- Fire Hazard Overlay District, the majority of the City is within The CVIFD conducts annual bush inspections of the Fire Hazard Overlay District. The wildland area residences within wildland areas, including of Chino Hills presents a severe magnitude fire Carbon Canyon and requires that flammable problem. Over 14,000 acres of grass, brush and vegetation be cleared. Also, California oak trees pose a seasonal fire threat to the implemented new requirements for building residential interface. Numerous large and materials used in the exterior design and damaging fires have occurred in this area. In June construction of buildings within Wildland-Urban 1990, 18 homes and 1 business were destroyed Interface (WUI) fire areas under Chapter 7A of the by a 6,600-acre wildfire that resulted in more California Building Code. Under these require- than $4.8 million dollars in damage.71 In ments, lumber products used as siding, decking November 2008, the “Freeway Complex Fire” or soffits in exteriors must pass state-mandated destroyed 187 structures (none within Chino fire tests. Hills) while burning 30,305 acres (13,304 acres in

70 Kuehl, 2004 71 Chino Valley Independent Fire 2012 Master Plan, adopted July 11, 2012

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-133 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-11–- Fire Hazard Overlay District

Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-134 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Many fire safety regulations are in place for the . Work with the Chino Hills Police Carbon Canyon area, and a Fire Safe Plan has Department to update the database on been developed to document these efforts and residents with special needs. recommend further measures. Fire Safe Councils . Provide an annual emergency exercise to are coalitions of public and private sector improve readiness of the City’s organizations that share a common, vested Emergency Operations Center staff. interest in reducing losses from wildfire. A Fire . Promote and participate in the annual Safe Council to support the community in fire Great Shakeout Exercise. safety planning, education and mitigation was . Provide Standardized Emergency established in 2001 for the Carbon Canyon area. Management System (SEMS) and National The Fire Safe Council concept has proven Incident Management System (NIMS) successful in communities throughout California training to all new City employees. in helping create a more fire-safe environment. . Continue to stock auxiliary emergency supplies. 8. Emergency Planning . Update the City’s Emergency Operations Plan on a regular basis. Hazard Mitigation

The City of Chino Hills Hazard Mitigation Plan, Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) updated March 2011, identifies effective ways to assess the significant natural and manmade The City of Chino Hills EOP, updated August 1, hazards that may affect the City and its 2008, addresses the City's planned response to inhabitants and reduce the City’s vulnerability to emergencies associated with natural disasters and these hazards. The Plan includes a hazard technological incidents, including both peacetime assessment matrix, presented below, that and wartime nuclear defense operations. It prioritizes hazard risks within the City based on provides guidance on the response to such the potential for occurring and the magnitude of emergencies as earthquakes, hazardous materials damage that could occur from a risk incident. As emergencies, flooding, and wildfires. The EOP shown in the matrix, there are two hazards that does not address normal day-to-day emergencies were given a high priority: wildfire and or the well-established and routine procedures earthquake. used in coping with such emergencies. Instead, the operational concepts reflected in the EOP Hazard Assessment Matrix focus on potential large-scale disasters that can Impact generate unique situations requiring unusual High Medium Low emergency responses.

Earthquake High Wildfire Goals of the EOP are to: 1) Provide effective life Medium Flooding Extreme Heat safety measures and reduce property loss; Aircraft Mishap 2) Provide for the rapid resumption of impacted Probability Drought Low Hazardous businesses and community services; 3) Provide Materials accurate documentation and records required for High Winds cost recovery efforts. In support of these goals, Red boxes represent the higher priority hazards; orange and yellow boxes the EOP outlines procedures for mass evacuation represent additional levels of priority. and shelter. The identified shelters in the City are supported by the American Red Cross. Personnel To better prepare the City to address these from the Community Services Department have hazards, the Plan recommends a series of been trained in shelter management and are mitigation measures, including the following: prepared to manage shelters. Each of the City’s

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-135 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

recreation centers and schools have been • Encouraging and developing civil designated as Red Cross shelters. aeronautics, including new aviation technology • 4.8.2 Regulatory Framework Regulating civil aviation to promote safety, especially through regional offices 1. Federal called Flight Standard District Offices Hazardous Materials Transportation Act • Developing and operating a system of air traffic control and navigation for both civil The Hazardous Materials Transportation Act is the and military aircraft federal legislation that regulates transportation of • Researching and developing the National hazardous materials. The primary regulatory Airspace System and civil aeronautics authorities are the U.S. Department of Transpor- • Developing and carrying out programs to tation (DOT), the Federal Highway Administration, control aircraft and the Federal Railroad Administration. The Hazardous Materials Transportation Act requires that carriers report accidental releases of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) hazardous materials to the DOT at the earliest On March 1, 2003, FEMA became part of the U.S. practical moment.72 Incidents that must be Department of Homeland Security. The primary reported include deaths, injuries requiring mission of FEMA is to reduce the loss of life and hospitalization, and property damage exceeding property and protect the nation from all hazards, $50,000. including natural disasters, acts of terrorism, and other man-made disasters, by leading and Resource Conservation and Recovery Act supporting the nation in a risk-based, (RCRA) comprehensive emergency management system of preparedness, protection, response, recovery, Under the RCRA, the U.S. Environmental and mitigation. Protection Agency (EPA) sets standards for transporters of hazardous waste. The hazardous National Fire Plan (NFP) waste program, under RCRA Subtitle C, establishes a system for controlling hazardous The NFP, a joint effort of the U.S. Department of waste from the time it is generated until its Agriculture Forest Service and the Department of ultimate disposal – in effect, from “cradle to the Interior was developed in August 2000, grave.” The underground storage tank (UST) following a landmark wildland fire season, with program, under RCRA Subtitle I, regulates under- the intent of actively responding to severe ground storage tanks containing hazardous wildland fires and their impacts to communities substances and petroleum products. while ensuring sufficient firefighting capacity for the future.73 The NFP addresses five key points: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Firefighting, Rehabilitation, Hazardous Fuels Reduction, Community Assistance, and The FAA is an agency of the DOT with authority to Accountability. The agencies are working to regulate and oversee all aspects of civil aviation in implement the key points outlined in the NFP by the U.S. The FAA’s major roles include: taking the following steps: Assuring that necessary firefighting resources and personnel • Regulating U.S. commercial space are available to respond to wildland fires that transportation

73 Healthy Forests and Rangelands. 72 49 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] Subchapter C. www.forestsandrangelands.gov/overview/index.shtml

Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-136 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

threaten life and property; Conducting emergency on treatment, storage, and disposal facilities, and stabilization and rehabilitation activities on oversees a cradle-to-grave tracking system). landscapes and communities affected by wildland Pursuant to California Government Code fire; Reducing hazardous fuels (dry brush and §65962.5, databases are kept updated on site trees that have accumulated and increase the cleanups; hazardous waste shipments for likelihood of unusually large fires) in the generators, transporters, treatment, storage, and country’s forests and rangelands; Providing disposal facilities; currently active hazardous assistance to communities that have been or may waste transporters; and the status of site cleanup be threatened by wildland fire, and, Committing projects, hazardous waste management projects, to the Wildland Fire Leadership Council, an school sites, and military projects. interagency team created to set and maintain high standards for wildland fire management on California Department of Forestry and Fire public lands. Protection (CAL-FIRE) 2. State Public Resources Code §§4201 through 4204 direct CAL FIRE to map fire hazards within State State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Responsibility Areas (SRA) lands, which are and the Regional Water Quality Control Boards defined based on land ownership, population (RWQCBs) density and land use. For example, CAL FIRE does not have responsibility for densely populated Among the responsibilities of the SWRCB and the areas, agricultural lands, or lands administered by RWQCBs is water pollution prevention and the federal government, referred to as Federal control.74 The SWRCB is required by California Responsibility Areas (FRA) or for lands under the Government Code §65962.5 to maintain a list of jurisdiction of a local fire authority, referred to as all underground storage tanks (UST) for which an Local Responsibility Areas (LRA). unauthorized release report is filed pursuant to §25295 of the Health and Safety Code. As one of their responsibilities, the regional boards assist 4.8.3 Project Components Relevant to responsible parties in responding to leaking Hazards and Hazardous Materials underground storage tanks (LUSTs). The Lahontan 1. Proposed Safety Element Update Goals, (6V) RWQCB located in Chino Hills is the regional Policies and Actions board responsible for handling LUSTs in the Planning Area. The regional board may require Pursuant to §65302(g) of the California Govern- the property owner to perform a soil and ment Code, the Safety Element addresses the groundwater investigation and/or cleanup. following issues relevant to hazards and hazardous materials: release of hazardous materials; aircraft hazards; wildland and urban Department of Toxic Substances Control fires; emergency planning (including hazard (DTSC) identification and risk assessment, hazard The DTSC administers the federal Resource mitigation, and emergency response and action; Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) program emergency facilities and primary evacuation (defines hazardous waste, enforces requirements routes. Within the proposed General Plan Update Safety

Element the following goals, policies, and actions 74 Per the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, Title 33. Navigation and Navigable Waters, Chapter 26. Water would apply to hazards and hazardous materials. Pollution Prevention and Control, “navigable waters” Many of these provisions are carried forward from include groundwater. the existing General Plan Safety Element, and

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-137 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

updated for readability and/or to better reflect Policy S-4.2: Continue to reduce fire risk through current and expected conditions. The list below City development and operation policies. [New] indicates which goals, policies, and actions are Action S-4.2.1: Continue to implement and from existing provisions and which are new: enforce fuel modification zones. [Existing Objective 4-4, modified] Goal S-3: Achieve Adequate Emergency Service [New] Action S-4.2.2: Encourage residents to plant and maintain fire-retardant slope cover to Policy S-3.1: Ensure that new development has reduce the risk of brush fire in areas adjacent sufficient fire protection, police, and emergency to canyons. [Existing Policy 4-4.3, modified] medical services available. [New] Action S-4.2.3: Maintain stringent site design Action S-3.1.1: Require the review of and maintenance standards for areas with development proposals to determine impacts high fire hazard potential. [Existing Policy on emergency services and ensure 4-4.3, modified] developments meet appropriate safety standards. [New] Action S-4.2.4: Continue to provide for public education programs to enhance public Action S-3.1.2: Provide police services that awareness of fire safety, including the storage are responsive to citizens’ needs to ensure a of flammable materials, use of fire-retardant safe and secure environment for people and building materials, and vegetation manage- property in the community. [New] ment in the perimeter of structures. [Existing Policy 4-5.1] Goal S-4: Minimize the risk from fire hazards [New] Action S-4.2.5: Encourage the Fire District to review its agreement to coordinate for mutual aid and fire services with fire agencies from Goal S-4: Minimize the Risk from Fire Hazards adjacent cities and counties. [Existing Policy [New] 4-5.3] Policy S-4.1: Maintain the water distribution system to deliver the fire flow requirements set in Action S-4.2.6: Work with the Fire District to the City adopted Fire Code. [Existing Policy 4.1.2 enforce all existing codes and ordinances modified] regarding fire protection, building inspection, and vegetation management. [Existing Policy Action S-4.1.1: Ensure adequate fire flow 4-5.4] capabilities in the Los Serranos and Carbon Canyon areas, and other sections of the City Action S-4.2.7: Maintain evacuation plans for where deficiencies may occur. [Existing Policy areas in greatest danger of fire. [Existing 4.1.1, modified] Policy 4-6.2, modified]

Action S-4.1.2: Replace and upgrade old Goal S-5: Minimize the Risk from Hazardous cast-iron pipelines and/or inadequately sized Materials [New] water mains when street improvements are made. [Existing Policy 4.1.2, modified] Policy S-5.1: Minimize risk to life and property from production, use, and storage of hazardous Action S-4.1.3: Provide for redundant materials and waste. [New] emergency distribution pipelines in areas of potential ground failure or where deemed Action S-5.1.1: Continue to enforce fire and necessary by the Fire District and City. building code provisions regarding secondary [Existing Policy 4.1.3, modified] containment; segregation of chemicals to reduce reactivity during a release; sprinkler

Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-138 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

and alarm systems; and monitoring, venting, as required by applicable federal and state and automatic shut-off systems on all new standards. [New] developments. [Existing Objective 5-1, modified] Goal S-6: Maintain Plans for Emergency Response Action S-5.1.2: Continue to require [Existing Objective 6-1 modified] businesses that use, store, or generate Policy S-6.1: Maintain and update the City hazardous materials to annually notify the Emergency Operations Plan (EOP), as required, to San Bernardino County Department of respond to extraordinary emergency situations Environmental Health Services or appropriate associated with natural disasters, technological County agency, and to comply with applicable incidents, and national security emergencies. regulations. [Existing Policy 5-1.1, modified] [New, from City EOP]

Policy S-5.2: Control the transportation of toxic, Action S-6.1.1: Provide for effective life safety explosive, and other hazardous materials. measures and reduce property loss. [New, [Existing Objective 5-2 modified] from City EOP]

Action S-5.2.1: Require business owners to Action S-6.1.2: Provide for the rapid follow designated hazardous materials resumption of impacted businesses and transportation routes. [Existing Objective 5-2, community services. [New, from City EOP] modified] Action S-6.1.3: Provide for accurate Action S-5.2.2: Coordinate with adjacent documentation and records required for cost jurisdictions to maintain regional objectives for recovery efforts from federal, state, and any hazardous materials management. [Existing other appropriate agencies. [New, from City Policy 5-2.1] EOP]

Action S-5.2.3: Regulate and limit the transport Action S-6.1.4: Utilize water reservoirs, other of vehicles carrying hazardous materials smaller ponds, and swimming pools in the through the City. [Existing Policy 5-2.3] City as water sources for fire-suppression, if necessary. [Existing Opportunity 13, Action S-5.2.4: Support annual checks for leaks modified] of high pressure fuel and natural gas transmission lines. [Existing Policy 5-2.4] Action S-6.1.5: Encourage residents to be prepared to be without electricity for three Policy S-5.3: Monitor and enforce regulations to days or more in cases of emergency. [Existing ensure adequate clean-up of hazardous materials Opportunity 13, modified] and waste. [New] Action S-6.16: Provide information to Action S-5.3.1: Require all new developments residents about how to shut off domestic gas occurring within areas previously utilized for supply in cases of emergency. [Existing Policy oil production to mitigate any hazards 4-5-2, modified] associated with the oil fields. [Existing Objective 5-3] 4.8.4 Thresholds of Significance Action S-5.3.2: Confirm that oil and gas wells in areas proposed for development are Significant impacts relative to hazards and abandoned to current standards set by the hazardous materials are evaluated in this section state. [Existing Policy 5-3.1] based on Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. Implementation of the proposed project may have Action S-5.3.3: Confirm that existing toxics are contained, removed, and/or remediated

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-139 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update a significant adverse impact if it would do any of 4.8.5 Project Impacts the following. Would the project: a) Create a significant hazard to the public or a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials materials? b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably Impact Discussion foreseeable upset and accident conditions There are 81 acres of General Plan designated involving the release of hazardous materials Business Park land within the City. Approximately into the environment half of those acres are developed, encompassing c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle approximately 467,733 square feet of building hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, area. At proposed General Plan Update build-out, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile there would be an estimated 836,733 square feet of an existing or proposed school of Business Park building area. d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled The Business Park designation primarily includes pursuant to Government Code Section small- and large-scale businesses involved in 65962.5 and, as a result, would create a research and development, light manufacturing, significant hazard to the public or the distribution, or support services, as well as a environment variety of commercial uses. e) For a project located within an airport land use plan, or where such a plan has not been Existing and future light industrial uses in the adopted, within two miles of a public airport Planning Area may include the routine storage, or public use airport, would the project use, generation, and/or transport of a range of result in a safety hazard for people residing hazardous substances and wastes. However or working in the project area because the City does not permit heavy industry, f) For a project within the vicinity of a private the amount of hazardous substances and wastes airstrip, would the project result in a safety routinely stored, used, generated, and trans- hazard for people residing or working in the ported in and out of these businesses is not project area expected to be substantial. All of these g) Impair implementation of or physically businesses must comply with applicable federal interfere with an adopted emergency and state regulations governing the particular response plan or emergency evacuation plan types and quantities of hazardous materials and h) Expose people or structures to a significant wastes involved. Spaces where hazardous risk of loss, injury, or death involving materials and wastes are stored and handled wildland fires, including where wildlands are must be designed, maintained, and safely secured adjacent to urbanized areas or where in accordance with the provisions of the California residences are intermixed with wildlands Fire Code and the local oversight authority of the CVIFD to ensure appropriate precautions are in place to prevent accidental releases of harmful chemicals. CVIFD also issues permits for underground or above-ground storage tanks containing fuels or other hazardous substances. These existing regulatory measures and CVIFD oversight of local business operations have been

Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-140 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

and are expected to continue to be successful in Mitigation Measure avoiding significant impacts involving local None required business handling of hazardous materials and wastes. The General Plan Update would not affect these existing regulatory procedures and would Impact Finding not result in new development that would Less than significant introduce unique hazardous materials concerns that would require establishment of new oversight mechanisms to prevent significant Would the project: impacts. b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably Implementation of the General Plan Update will foreseeable upset and accident conditions not allow for heavy industrial uses that could involving the release of hazardous materials involve transport, storage, use, generation, and into the environment? disposal of large quantities of hazardous materials and wastes, or which generate toxic air emissions. Impact Discussion

As noted earlier, there are no designated Accidents can occur in the production, use, hazardous materials transportation routes in the transport, and disposal of these hazardous City’s local circulation network, and there are no materials. Hazardous chemicals releases may be freight rail lines where such materials could be in the form of solids, liquids, or gases. As transported. Movement of truck traffic containing discussed above, heavy industrial uses that are hazardous materials along SR-71 is governed by more likely to involve the use or transport of the federal Hazardous Materials Transportation hazardous materials are not permitted in the City. Act, as enforced by the Federal Department of Continued compliance with California Fire Code Transportation, the Federal Highway standards for design, storage, operations, Administration, and the California Highway Patrol. maintenance, and spill prevention/response These existing regulatory frameworks are measures, as enforced by the CVIFD, will reduce considered sufficient to reduce potential impacts potential impacts associated with new businesses associated with routine transport of hazardous that handle hazardous materials to less than materials on these two highways to less than significant levels. significant. Existing hazardous materials sites where there is Goal S-5 and its supportive policies and actions, some potential for an accidental release of presented above, outline the City’s strategy to harmful chemicals within the Planning Area minimize the risk from hazardous materials. The include potential soil and water contamination City’ contract with CVIFD includes hazardous associated with the past operations on the materials abatement, and the City’s EOP Aerojet property, the existing chlorination storage establishes procedures, communications, and center, existing gas transmission lines and command protocols for a variety of emergency existing oil and natural gas fields. No changes to circumstances. Consequently, the General Plan the existing chlorination center, existing gas lines Update would not create a significant hazard to and existing oil and natural gas fields are the public or the environment through the routine currently proposed. The General Plan Update does transport, use, or disposal of hazardous not identify any additional areas for storage of materials. water treatment products, new gas transmission lines, or new oil and natural gas fields. However, because the Aerojet Project Area could become a

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-141 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

new development site in the foreseeable future, a one-quarter mile of the Aerojet site. All of the potential for an accidental release of harmful General Plan-designated Business Park uses, chemicals during site cleanup and future where the highest potential for a business that development remains of concern. Accordingly, might handle hazardous or acutely hazardous the City will continue to monitor clean-up materials would exist, are located on the eastern activities in that area. This commitment is side of SR-71, along the border of the City of reflected in Mitigation Measure HAZ-1 below. Chino. None of the existing businesses in that area are known to generate hazardous emissions, Mitigation Measure and such emissions would be prohibited by federal and state air quality regulations. The HAZ-1 The City shall continue to keep contact Business Park area is bordered by Commercial, with the Aerojet property owners and Institutional/ Public Facility, and Residential uses. California Department of Toxic The nearest schools are on the western side of Substances Control (DTSC) to ensure that the highway; there are no schools within one- no development occurs on the property quarter mile of the Business Park –designated without the property owner demon- land area. strating to the satisfaction of the City and DTSC that the area to be developed is The proposed General Plan Update would not sufficiently cleared of hazards. expose existing or planned schools to potential hazards associated with land uses handling Impact Finding hazardous or acutely hazardous materials or wastes, or which generate toxic air emissions. Less than significant with mitigation

Mitigation Measure Would the project: None required. c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, Impact Finding substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? No impact

Impact Discussion Schools are located throughout the City. The Chino Valley Unified School District (CVUSD), which serves the City, does not have plans for additional schools within the City (reference Section 4.12, Public Services (beginning on page 4-193) of this EIR). A review of the DTSC website “Envirostor”75 determined that there are no active or inactive hazardous materials sites under DTSC oversight for permitting, cleanup, investigation, or other actions in Chino Hills, except the Aerojet site located in the western part of the Planning Area. There are no schools within

75 http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/ accessed 10/9/13

Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-142 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Would the project: strating to the satisfaction of the City and DTSC that the area to be developed is d) Be located on a site which is included on a list sufficiently cleared of hazards. of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would create a Impact Finding significant hazard to the public or the Less than significant with mitigation environment?

Impact Discussion e) For a project located within an airport land The Aerojet Project Area is the only active toxic use plan, or where such a plan has not been substances clean-up site within the city identified adopted, within two miles of a public airport by the DTSC.76 The General Plan Update or public use airport, would the project result designates this area as “Rural Residential,” which in a safety hazard for people residing or could eventually result in some form of very low working in the project area? density residential development on large lots, Impact Discussion possibly with some minor accessory farming, animal-keeping, and/or other appropriate As discussed earlier, the Chino Airport is the only accessory uses. Any future development within airport within two miles of the City. Portions of the contaminated Aerojet Project Area would be Airport’s CACLUP designated Safety Zones 2 and allowed to proceed only after the contamination 3 cross into an area of the City that is located has been fully remediated, as approved by the east of Fairfield Ranch Road, south of Kimball DTSC and the City. Mitigation HAZ-1 ensures that Avenue and north of Pine Avenue (Figure 4-10 – the City will continue to monitor the clean-up Chino Airport Safety Zones, page 4-132) Safety process of the Aerojet Project Area. With inclusion Zone 2 restricts uses that would result in more of this mitigation measure, potential impacts than 50 persons per assembly area being present, associated with a state-designated hazardous while Safety Zone 3 places no restrictions on materials site would be reduced to less than residential or other uses. No aircraft crash hazard significant. areas associated with the airport occur within the City. Both existing development within Chino Hills and the proposed updated Chino Hills Land Use Mitigation Measure Plan are consistent with the CACLUP Safety Zones. HAZ-1 The City shall continue to keep contact Consequently, airport safety hazards within the with the Aerojet property owners and Chino Hills Planning Area are considered to be California Department of Toxic less than significant. Substances Control (DTSC) to ensure that no development occurs on the property Mitigation Measure without the property owner demon- None

76 http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/ mapfull.asp?global_id=&x=-119&y=37&zl=18; Impact Finding http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/no%20hills,% Less than significant 20ca&zip=&county=&federal_superfund=true&state_re sponse=true&voluntary_cleanup=true&school_cleanup =true&ca_site=true&tiered_permit=true&evaluation=tr ue&military_evaluation=true&school_investigation=true &operating=true&post_closure=true&non_operating=tr ue; accessed 9/6/13

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-143 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

f) For a project located within the vicinity of a Would the project: private airstrip, would the project result in a h) Expose people or structures to a significant safety hazard for people residing or working risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland in the project area? fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are No private airstrips are located within or adjacent intermixed with wildlands? to the City. Therefore, no hazard impacts relative to private airstrips will occur as a result of the Impact Discussion General Plan Update. This topic is not addressed with this EIR. As discussed earlier, most of the City is within a Wildland Fire Hazard Overlay, in the rugged brush-covered hillsides and canyons that lie Would the project: beyond and in some cases adjacent to the already g) Impair implementation of or physically developed portions of the Planning Area. A interfere with an adopted emergency majority of the undeveloped land within this response plan or emergency evacuation plan? wildland fire hazard area is within Chino Hills State Park, while the remaining lands are Impact Discussion designated by the General Plan Update for As discussed above, the City of Chino Hills EOP Agriculture/Ranches, Public Open Space, and Low addresses the City's planned response to large- Density Residential land uses. As such, the scale emergencies associated with natural proposed General Plan Update minimizes disasters and technological incidents, including potential land development that would be both peacetime and wartime nuclear defense exposed to wildland fire hazards. operations. It provides guidance on the response Any future land development within the fire to such emergencies as earthquakes, hazardous hazard overlay must meet stringent building materials emergencies, flooding, and wildfires. safety standards as set forth in the California General Plan Update Goals S-3 and S-6 and their Building Code that are specifically designed to supportive policies and actions set direction to mitigate the high fire hazard in such areas. This ensure future development has adequate includes standards for fire resistant building and emergency service and the City maintains roof materials, attic and opening protection, sufficient plans and resources for emergency building sprinklers, water storage, vehicular response. The General Plan Update will continue access and street design, removal and replace- to facilitate emergency response and evacuation ment of flammable vegetation with non- and would not impair implementation of or flammable materials. The City also supplements physically interfere with an adopted emergency these state standards; for example, §16.22.010 response plan or emergency evacuation plan. of the City of Chino Hills Municipal Code requires access for fire fighting vehicles into areas between fire hazardous areas or “fuel modified” Mitigation Measure areas and the development perimeter, so that a None wildland fire can be contained at the development perimeter and prevented from spreading to Impact Finding structures. The CVIFD maintains extensive automatic and mutual aid responses to protect No impact the City’s wildland area.

The proposed General Plan Update will not alter the City’s existing fire hazard overlay policies and

Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials Chapter 4. Environmental Setting page 4-144 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

would not allow for extensive encroachment of adjacent and surrounding planned land uses. The new development into the wildland hazard area. General Plan Update Safety Element contains Safety Element Goal S-3 and its supporting provisions intended to identify and reduce the policies and actions requires a review of any new impact of natural and man-made hazards which development proposal to ensure that there are or may threaten the health, safety, and property of will be adequate emergency services to support the residents living and working in the City. It that development. The City’s existing develop- emphasizes hazard reduction and accident ment review process requires that all hazards, prevention, provides for emergency response including wildland fire hazards, are thoroughly planning and preparedness, and reducing risk evaluated to identify site specific risks and to and increasing responsiveness to wildland fire. ensure project design that mitigates those risks It is also important to note that the General Plan and achieves compliance with applicable building Update concentrates land uses that might safety standards and local fire department regularly involve the transport, storage, use, and regulations. General Plan Update Goal S-4 and its disposal of minor quantities of hazardous supporting policies and actions set direction to substances and wastes to a single business park minimize risks from fire hazards by ensuring an area on the eastern side of SR-71, and does not adequate water distribution system is in place to allow for heavy industrial uses that could have a deliver the fire flow requirements set in the City much higher level of risk associated with adopted Fire Code, that there are contemporary hazardous materials. This land use policy, and redundant emergency distribution pipelines, together with the prevention and emergency that flammable brush areas are cleared and response measures noted above, ensure that the maintained, and that sites and buildings are General Plan Update would have less than properly designed to mitigate fire hazards. significant cumulative impacts involving the With land use policies that strictly limit develop- regional scope of land uses that generate ment opportunities in the fire hazard overlay hazardous materials risks. district, and continued implementation of the As stated earlier, the General Plan Update would Safety Element policies and actions noted above, not result in any significant impacts involving the General Plan Update would have a less than wildland fire hazards within the Planning Area. significant impact involving exposure people or With the land use restrictions and continued structures to wildland fire hazards. adherence to stringent building safety standards for construction in wildland fire hazard areas, it Mitigation Measure would not contribute to any significant cumulative None impacts involving wildland fire hazards outside of the Planning Area Impact Finding Mitigation Measure Less than significant None 4.8.6 Cumulative Impacts Impact Finding Impact Discussion Less than significant Compliance with and conformity to adopted plans and policies, including those within the General Plan Update, is intended to ensure that future development occurs in a manner compatible with

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting Section 4.8 – Hazards and Hazardous Materials page 4-145

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Creek Channel, also the section of Peyton Road

4.9 Hydrology and Water Quality between Eucalyptus Avenue and Carbon Canyon Road. Sheet flooding has also occurred in the Los This section addresses issues related to Serranos area north of the golf course and along hydrology and water quality as continued portions of English Road. development occurs in the City of Chino Hills (City). Issues include degradation of water quality Portions of the City have been mapped by the and supplies, alteration of water courses, creation Federal Insurance Administration as part of the of runoff with potential for flooding, construction National Flood Insurance program. The Flood within flood zones, and the consequential effects Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) show that most of to people and structures. The threats of seiche the areas mapped in Chino Hills are designated and mudflow hazards also are discussed. Zone X and D.77 The basic flood Zones A, D and X Proposed General Plan strategies related to mapped in the City of Chino Hills area are shown hydrology and water quality are also discussed. on Figure 4-12 – Flooding and Inundation Zones These strategies emphasize water conservation and Figure 4-13 – FEMA Flood Map. and recycling, reduction of water pollutants and degradation and depletion of groundwater, Zone X covers those areas of minimal flooding. minimizing risks of flooding. Zone D is identified as an area where flood hazards are undetermined but possible. Areas on both sides of Carbon Canyon Creek and Little 4.9.1 Existing Conditions Chino Creek have been classified in to Zones A, 1. Hydrology and Flooding AE and X (shaded). Zone A is an area with a 1% The City’s watershed includes a system of annual chance of flooding. Those portions of streams, water courses, and ponds that run Zone A where the base flood elevations have been through the hills and usually lie at the bottom of determined are classified as Zone AE. Zone X canyons and drainage ravines. Runoff from the (shaded) is defined as an area with an annual City generally drains east and south, toward chance of flooding of between 1% and 0.2%; areas Chino Creek and the Prado Flood Control Basin, subject to a 1% annual chance flood with average and on to the Santa Ana River Basin. Canyons on depths of less than 1 foot or with drainage areas the west side of the City, including Tonner less than 1 square mile; and areas protected by Canyon, Carbon Canyon, Soquel Canyon, and levees from the 1% annual chance flood. Aliso Canyon drain westward toward Los Angeles There are two small dams within the City of Chino and Orange Counties. With the exception of Hills: Los Serranos Lake (also known as Rancho Tonner Canyon, which drains into the San Gabriel Cielito Reservoir) and Chino Ranch No. 1 Dam River watershed, the remaining canyons drain into (also known as Arnold Reservoir) which could the lower reaches of the Santa Ana River Basin. cause localized flooding if damaged. Potential Localized flooding has occurred historically in the threats of dam inundation exist within the City, if Chino Hills area, generally when drainage these dams were to fail and empty into adjacent facilities are too small to convey the storm flows areas. Another dam located in San Antonio generated from increased urbanization and paved Canyon could also cause localized flooding if surfaces in the area. Severe erosion along many damaged. These reservoirs are described below. natural channels, and debris-clogged drainages,

compound the problem. Localized flooding has been known to occur in some areas of the City, notably the lowlands bounded by Pipeline, Eucalyptus and Merrill Avenues and the Chino 77 National Flood Insurance Program, 2013

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-147 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-12– Flooding and Inundation Zones

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-148 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-13– FEMA Flood Map

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-149 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

• Los Serranos Lake (or Rancho Cielito Canyon that are presently undeveloped Reservoir) is an earthen dam located in would be inundated. the Los Serranos area. The dam was • San Antonio Dam is located about 10 miles reportedly built between 1880 and 190178 north of the City in San Antonio Canyon in although the Department of Water the San Gabriel Mountains. If this dam Resources (2010) lists it as having been failed while filled to capacity, the lowlands completed in 1912. The 9-foot-high dam of the City could be impacted by flooding. is owned by Rolling Ridge Ranch and was A small portion of the City along the reportedly built to store well water for southeastern border would also be flooded agricultural purposes. The reservoir has a if Prado Dam, located in the southeast of capacity of 110 acre-feet (an “acre-foot” the City, failed catastrophically while full. is a measure of volume equal to 1 acre of land covered with water to a depth of 2. Water Quality 1 foot) and a dam crest elevation of 644.6 As authorized by the federal Clean Water Act, the feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL).79 Water National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System in the reservoir is generally kept to within (NPDES) permit process regulates the drainage of 3 feet of the dam crest.78 In the past, the water from urban sources. NPDES permits specify stored water has been used to irrigate the the discharge limits for certain pollutants to golf course at the Los Serranos Country ensure that local industries pre-treat the Club. The dam is inspected yearly by the pollutants they discharge into treatment plants Division of Safety of Dams. At present, an and that urban developments filter run-off before inundation map has not been prepared releasing it to storm drains. Administration of the for this reservoir. In the event of a breach NPDES is the responsibility of the State Water of the dam, the area down gradient from Resources Control Board (SWRCB), which has the dam with an elevation below about jurisdiction over nine Regional Water Quality 642 feet MSL could be inundated. Control Boards (RWQCB) in California. In Chino Inundation waters would probably flow Hills, NPDES regulations are administered by the east to southeast toward the Chino Valley Santa Ana RWQCB (SARWQCB). Freeway, where water would pond behind the freeway and flow southward to the In 1975, the SARWQCB completed the Water closest storm drain. Ultimately, flood- Quality Control Plan (“Basin Plan”) for the Upper waters would flow into Chino Creek and portion of the Santa Ana Watershed. This Basin the Prado Dam Flood Control Basin. Plan was updated in 1995. The plan outlined • Arnold Reservoir is located behind the specific water quality management actions to Chino Ranch No. 1 dam. This dam is address water quality and salt (total dissolved located in Tonner Canyon, in the solids) build up within the Chino Basin. These northwest corner of the City. The 22- included the construction of a large well field and foot-high dam was completed in 1918 desalters in the lower part of the Basin to extract with a crest elevation of 959.5 feet MSL and treat poor quality water; the construction of a and a storage capacity of 137 acre-feet.79 pipeline to export brines from the upper Basin to The dam is owned by the City of Industry the ocean; and the use of large volumes of low Urban Development Agency and the total dissolved solids (TDS) water for groundwater stored water is used for livestock. In the recharge. The Optimum Basin Management event of dam failure, portions of Tonner Program (OBMP) by the Chino Basin Watermaster has been developed, in part, to meet the require- 78 J. Greening, Jr., personal communication, 2010 ments of the 1975 Water Quality Control Plan. 79 Department of Water Resources, 2010 More information on the OBMP is provided in

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-150 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Section 4.9.13 below, with respect to addition, remaining agricultural users also pump management of groundwater resources. from the Chino Basin.

3. Groundwater Operation of the Chino Basin is governed by a 1978 court judgment and agreement among, About half the City’s water comes from the Chino whereby each entity that contributes to Groundwater Basin, a major aquifer system in the production of the groundwater is allotted a "base Santa Ana River watershed that provides local water right" to a certain percentage of the natural yield and seasonal carry-over storage for water yield of the basin. Prior to 1978, the Basin was in purveyors in the region. an overdraft condition. Under the Judgment, entities can pump in excess of their allotted base The City extracts groundwater from the Chino right, but must pay a per-acre foot pump tax to Groundwater Basin using its own wells located cover the cost to replenish any overdraft. Based within the City and conveyed to the City’s lower on provisions of the Judgment, the total water pressure zone through a system of transmission right of the City of Chino Hills to Chino Basin is mains. The City also relies on water purchased 4,185 AFY. from the Monte Vista Water District (MVWD). The water provided by the MVWD consists of a mix of 4. Storm Drainage System groundwater extracted from the Chino Ground- water Basin by MVWD wells and imported water The City contains 12 drainage basins with a from the Agua de Lejos water treatment plant combined area of 21,053 acres (32.90 square operated by the Water Facilities Authority on miles). Existing drainage facilities within their behalf of the MVWD and the cities of Chino Hills, respective basins are described below: Chino, Ontario, and Upland. 1. Puente Hills: The main drainage facilities in Although considered to be a single basin, the this basin are Detention Basin 1 and the 84- Chino Groundwater Basin has been divided into to 114-inch storm drain outlet from the five management zones (based upon similar basin to Chino Creek. Detention Basin 1 is hydrologic conditions) and into three sub-basins, located in the vicinity of Chino Avenue and as defined in the Chino Basin Watermaster Rock Springs Drive, receiving the runoff from Optimum Basin Management Program80 and the the Public Open Space to the west and the 1995 Water Quality Control Plan for the Santa Ana residential development along Chino Ave. Watershed (Region 8), respectively. The Region 8 The outlet storm drain is located along plan places Chino Hills in the southwesterly end Cottonwood Trail, crossing under SR-71 and of the Chino 1 Management Zone, which generally discharging to Chino Creek. A second storm encompasses lowland areas within the north drain system of 30- to 33-inches is located easterly portion of the City. on Peyton Drive and collects runoff from the southeast corner of this drainage basin. This The Basin is one of the largest groundwater system crosses under SR-71 to discharge at basins in Southern California, containing about Chino Creek. 5,000,000 acre feet (AF) of water in storage, with an additional unused storage capacity of about 2. Boys Republic: This basin has a complete 1,000,000 AF. Cities and other water supply storm drain network with a mainline storm entities extract Basin groundwater for all or part drain located along Grand Avenue that of their municipal and industrial supplies. In discharges to Chino Creek. Lateral storm drains are located on Peyton Drive and Chino Avenue.

80 OBMP, June 2000

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-151 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

3. English Channel: Development in the west 8. Aliso Canyon: This 48- to 84-inch storm half of the basin includes a storm drain drain system on Mystic Canyon Drive begins network with a mainline storm drain along at 800 feet south of Twin Knolls Drive and Chino Hills Parkway. East of Village Center ends east of SR-71 at its discharge location Drive, this storm drain discharges into a into Prado Dam. natural channel that runs towards Peyton 9. Southeast Chino Hills: There are no existing Drive. East of Peyton Drive the channel City-owned drainage facilities in this basin. becomes a lined trapezoidal channel that discharges into Little Chino Creek. 10. Tonner Canyon: Natural rills and gullies convey the basin runoff. There is no existing 4. Little Chino Creek: With the residential city owned drainage facilities in this basin. development a storm drain network has been constructed throughout the basin west of 11. Carbon Canyon: Natural rills and gullies Peyton Drive. These systems discharge to convey the basin runoff. There is no existing Little Chino Creek, a rectangular concrete city owned drainage facilities in this basin. channel. Little Chino Creek crosses SR-71 and discharges to San Antonio Channel. 12. Soquel Canyon: Natural rills and gullies convey the basin runoff. There is no existing 5. Los Serranos Lake: The primary drainage city owned drainage facilities in this basin. facilities consist of the Lake Los Serranos Detention Basin, identified as Detention 4.9.2 Regulatory Framework Basin 16, and the outlet channel from this detention basin that runs easterly and 1. Federal discharges to Chino Creek. The channel is a The Clean Water Act (CWA) 20' (VV) x 6' (H) to 28' (W) x 12' (H) rectangular concrete channel. Lake Los CWA is a federal law intended to protect surface Serranos receives runoff from primarily waters of the United States, which include lakes, residential development west of Pipeline rivers, coastal wetlands, and “waters of the U.S.” Avenue. The CWA regulates all discharges to waters, which are considered illegal unless authorized by an 6. Lower Los Serranos: Overland flow, channels, appropriate permit. Discharge of dredged and fill and storm drain facilities make up the materials, construction-related storm water drainage system of this basin. The runoff discharges, and other activities that may result in from the north half of Lower Los Serranos discharges of pollutants to waters of the U.S. are basin is collected by the Los Serranos regulated by the permit. Potential discharges to Channel. The channel crosses SR-71 and such waters from land development activities terminates to a natural wash which meanders would be considered an impact, and the south ultimately to the Prado Flood Control responsible entity would be required to obtain a Basin. The south half of Lower Los Serranos CWA Section 401 Water Quality Certification from basin also discharges to the Prado Flood the appropriate Regional Water Quality Control Control Basin by means of several cross Board (RWQCB). culverts under SR-71. The CWA specifies that discharges to waters are 7. Slaughter Canyon: The major storm drain illegal, unless authorized by an appropriate facility is a 36- to 84-inch storm drain on permit. The permits regulate the discharge of Butterfield Ranch Road. The storm drain dredged and fill materials, construction-related ends at Brookwood Lane, discharging to a storm water discharges, and activities that may cross culvert under SR-71. result in discharges of pollutants to “waters of the

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-152 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

U.S.”. Section 404 of the CWA establishes a permit discharged to receiving waters to the “maximum program for the discharge of dredge or fill extent practicable” (MEP) through the materials into waters of the U.S. This permit implementation of structural and non-structural program is administered by the U.S. Army Corps Best Management Practices (BMPs). BMPs may of Engineers. If waters of the U.S. are located on range from regulatory measures (local design or downstream of a project site, the project may requirements for drainage facilities); public policy discharge to them, and if impacts on them are measures (labeling of storm drain inlets to notify anticipated, the project must obtain a CWA public of potential impacts on receiving waters Section 401 Water Quality Certification from the caused by dumping); public education appropriate RWQCB. Section 402 of the CWA (educational campaigns or posted signage); establishes the National Pollutant Discharge and/or, structural measures (installation of grass Elimination System (NPDES), a permitting system swales or detention ponds). for the discharge of any pollutant (except for dredge or fill material) into waters of the U.S. This Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) permitting program is administered by the RWQCBs. Now a part of the Department of Homeland Security, FEMA’s primary mission is to reduce the In addition, Section 303 and 304 of the CWA loss of life and property and protect the nation provide for water quality standards, criteria, and from all hazards, including flooding, among guidelines. Northern portions of the City drain others. FEMA responsibility include: advise on into Chino Creek Reach 2, which has been building codes and flood plain management; designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection educate the public on preparing for and dealing Agency as an ‘impaired water body,” in with a disaster; assist local and state emergency accordance with Section 303(d) of the CWA. This preparedness programs; coordinate the federal segment of Chino Creek is impacted by high response to a disaster; provide disaster levels of coliform bacteria and pH. The City assistance to states, communities, businesses and requires preparation of water quality manage- individuals; train emergency managers; supports ment plans for all new development. This ensures the nation’s fire service; and administers the that projects that would discharge runoff into national flood and crime insurance programs. those portions of the City’s drainage network that outlet to Chino Creek will not contribute to any National Flood Insurance Reform Act worsening of the Creek’s water quality. FEMA has prepared flood insurance rate maps (FIRM) in order to identify those areas that are National Pollutant Discharge Elimination located within the 100-year floodplain boundary, System (NPDES) termed “Special Flood Hazard Areas” (SFHAs). A NPDES, as described above, is administered by 100-year flood does not refer to a flood that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which occurs once every 100 years but refers to a flood provides oversight in California to the Regional level with a 1% chance of being equaled or Water Quality Control Boards. The CWA exceeded in any given year. The SFHAs are established the NPDES permit system to regulate subdivided into insurance risk rate zones. Areas discharges to surface waters of the U.S. from between the 100 and 500-year flood boundaries municipal and industrial sources. The NPDES are termed “moderate flood hazard areas.” Areas permit is required to identify limits on allowable located outside the 500-year flood boundary, are concentrations and mass emissions of pollutants termed "minimal flood hazard areas.” Flood contained in discharges. The NPDES regulations hazard areas mapped by FEMA within the City are intended to improve storm water quality

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-153 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

were previously illustrated on Figure 4-13 – FEMA waste. Title 27 contains regulatory requirements Flood Map (page 4-149 above). for wastes other than hazardous waste. Section 13260(a) of the CWC requires that any person If a property is located within a SFHA, as shown discharging waste or proposing to discharge on a flood map published by FEMA, the National waste, other than to a community sewer system, Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994 requires that could affect the quality of the waters of the mortgage lenders and servicers to require flood state, must file a report of waste discharge. This insurance for any loan secured by property with a report must outline the types of wastes to be building located in a SFHA. The purpose of the discharged in order to determine appropriate National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) waste management unit design, operation, designations is to encourage state and local monitoring, closure, and post-closure governments to wisely use the lands under their maintenance requirements. jurisdictions by considering the hazard of flood when rendering decisions on the future use of such lands, thereby minimizing flood damage. California Government Code Under California’s Planning and Zoning Law, city 2. State and county general plans are required to include specified mandatory elements. Assembly Bill 162, California Water Code as approved by the Governor on October 10, As declared in Section 100 of the California Water 2007 and adding (§65300.2 and §65302.7) and Code (CWC), it is policy of the state that “the amending (§§65302, 65303.4, 65352, 65584.04, water resources of the State be put to beneficial and 65584.06) of the California Government use to the fullest extent of which they are Code, specifies that the land-use element identify capable, and that the waste or unreasonable use and annually review those areas covered by the or unreasonable method of use of water be general plan that are subject to flooding, as prevented, and that the conservation of such identified by floodplain mapping prepared by water is to be exercised with a view to the FEMA or the State of California Department of reasonable and beneficial use thereof in the Water Resources (DWR). The bill also requires, interest of the people and for the public welfare.” upon the next revision of the housing element, on or after January 1, 2009, the conservation Under Section 13000, the State Legislature element of the general plan shall identify rivers, declared that the people of the state “have a creeks, streams, flood corridors, riparian habitat, primary interest in the conservation, control, and and land that may accommodate floodwater for utilization of the water resources of the state, and purposes of groundwater recharge and storm that the quality of all the waters of the state shall water management. AB 162 requires, upon the be protected for use and enjoyment by the people next revision of the housing element, on or after of the State. The Legislature further finds and January 1, 2009, the safety element to identify declares that activities and factors which may information regarding flood hazards and to affect the quality of the waters of the State shall establish a set of comprehensive goals, policies, be regulated to attain the highest water quality and objectives, based on specified information for which is reasonable, considering all demands the protection of the community from, among being made and to be made on those waters and other things, the unreasonable risks of flooding. the total values involved, beneficial and The bill provides that the determination of detrimental, economic and social, tangible and available land suitable for urban development intangible.” may exclude lands where the flood management Title 23, Division 3, Chapter 15 of the CCR infrastructure designed to protect the jurisdiction contains regulatory requirements for hazardous is not adequate to avoid the risk of flooding, such

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-154 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

that the development of housing would be subject to critical conditions of...degraded water impractical due to cost or other considerations. quality causing great detriment to the peace, health, safety and welfare of the people of the Section 65302(d)(3) was recently added to require State.”81 that upon the next revision of the housing element on or after January 1, 2014, the safety The law governing the production of water quality element shall be reviewed and updated as changed significantly in 1969 with the passage of necessary to address the risk of fire for land the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act classified as state responsibility areas, as defined (Division 1, Chapter 2, Article 3, §13000 et seq., in §4102 of the California Public Resources Code, CWC) (Porter-Cologne). Porter-Cologne and land classified as very high fire hazard establishes the principal state program for water severity zones. This review shall consider the quality control. Under Porter-Cologne, the State advice included in the Office of Planning and Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) is Research’s most recent publication of “Fire mandated to implement the provisions of the Hazard Planning, General Technical Advice CWA. To implement and enforce the provisions of Series.” The City’s current fifth cycle Housing Porter-Cologne and the CWA, Porter-Cologne Element was adopted in October 2013. This divides the state into nine regional boards that, requirement will apply to the sixth cycle Housing under the guidance and review of the SWRCB, Element, expected to be prepared in 2021. implement and enforce the provisions of the state and federal statutes. Porter-Cologne provides for California Fish and Game Code the development and periodic review of water quality control plans to regulate water quality, The California Fish and Game Code (CFGC) and is a comprehensive plan for protecting the contains several provisions that regulate nonpoint quality and maximizing the beneficial use of the source discharges. As specified under §5650 of state’s waters. Under Porter-Cologne, the state’s the CFGC, except as authorized by a state or water quality control boards were required to: federal permit, “it is unlawful to deposit in, permit 1) formulate and adopt water quality control to pass into, or place where it can pass into the plans for all areas within the region; 2) establish waters of this State” any “petroleum or residuary water quality objectives that “will ensure the product of petroleum, or carbonaceous material reasonable protection of beneficial uses” of the or substance,” any “sawdust, shavings, slabs, state’s waters; and 3) prescribe waste discharge edgings,” and any “substance or material requirements governing discharges to land and deleterious to fish, plant life, or bird life.” waters within the regions.

California Porter-Cologne Water Quality California Toxic Rule Control Act As required under §303(c)(2)(B) of the CWA, the As California's population grew and the adverse U.S. EPA promulgated the final California Toxic environmental impacts associated with that Rule (CTR) on May 18, 2000. As codified in 40 growth were recognized, the State Legislature CFR 131, the CTR established numeric criteria for enacted numerous laws to protect California's water quality standards for priority toxic water resources. In 1961, the State Legislature pollutants for the state and provided water quality enacted the Porter-Dolwig Groundwater Basin criteria for toxic constituents in waters with Protection Law, finding “that the greater portion human health or aquatic life designated uses in of the water used in this State is stored, California. regulated, distributed and furnished by its groundwater basins, and that such basins are 81 Section 12922.1, CWC

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-155 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

On March 22, 2000, the SWRCB (Resolution development projects or through the City Capital 2005-15) adopted a “Policy for Implementation of Improvement Program. Most of the planned storm Toxic Standards for Inland Surface Waters, drain facilities are designed to provide capacity Enclosed Bays, and Estuaries of California” (CTR for 100-year events. Implementation Policy). The CTR Implementation Policy established: 1) provisions for priority Chapter 13.16 of the Municipal Code – Storm pollutant criteria promulgated by the EPA through Drain System the National Toxic Rule (NTR) and the CTR and for priority pollutant objectives established in the The City prohibits all non-permitted discharges Basin Plan; 2) monitoring requirements for to the municipal storm drain system. This 2,3,7,8-TCDD (tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) prohibition applies to the discharge to municipal equivalents; and 3) chronic toxicity control storm drains from spills, dumping, or disposal of provisions. materials other than storm water. This regulation is intended to reduce pollutants in storm water 3. Regional/Local discharges to the maximum extent practicable and to ensure compliance with NPDES permits. Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board

The Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Chapter 15.12 of the Municipal Code – Board (SARWQCB) is responsible for the Floodplain Damage Prevention and Floodplain development and enforcement of water quality Management objectives to meet the requirements of the Federal Clean Water Act, California Porter- The City adopts floodplain management Cologne Act, and NPDES. The strategies and regulations that require protection against flood permitting requirements to attain water quality damage at the time of construction; restrict objectives are set forth in their Basin Plan. alteration of natural floodplains, stream channels, Eastward and southward drainages flow into the and natural protective barriers; control Lower Santa River Hydrologic Area of the Basin construction and development activities that may Plan, while westward drainages flow into the Los increase flood damage; and control of flood Angeles-San Gabriel River Hydrologic Area. barriers that could unnaturally divert flood waters Specific water quality objectives and beneficial or increase flood hazards in other areas. uses of surface and groundwater for these hydrologic units and their subareas are defined in Chapter 16.54 of the Municipal Code - Erosion the Basin Plan. and Sediment Control The City requires control of all existing and City of Chino Hills Storm Drain Master Plan potential conditions of human-induced The Storm Drain Master Plan, updated August accelerated erosion within all areas of the city. 2009, identifies current storm drain deficiencies This chapter sets forth required provisions for and plans to remedy these deficiencies. To assess project planning, preparation of erosion control deficiencies, the Storm Drain Master Plan divided plans, runoff control, land clearing and winter the City into 12 drainage basins and analyzed operations and establishes procedures for each area to determine estimated storm water administering those provisions. run-off based on 10-, 25-, and 100-year storm events. Based on this run-off information, a Clean Water Equestrian Stewardship Program storm drain system improvement plan is provided that identifies preliminary sizing for future storm The Stewardship Program is a compliance drains that will be constructed either by assistance program to assist and ensure that

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-156 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

individual equestrian operators within the City Goal S-2: Protect the Community from Flooding comply with NPDES regulations contained in the Hazards [New] Federal Clean Water Act. The program specifically Policy S-2.1: Restrict development in areas prone aims to fulfill bacteria discharge requirements in to flooding or within dam inundation areas. Order No. Order No. R8-2010-0036 issued by the [Existing Objective 3-1, modified] SARWQCB, including mandatory inspections of certain animal facilities such as petting zoos and Action S-2.1.1: Prohibit development of boarding and training facilities. residential, commercial, industrial, and emergency facilities in the 100-year flood plain and on canyon floors. [Existing Policy Industrial Storm Water Permit 3-1.1, modified] The City operates an ongoing program to Action S-2.1.2: Discourage development of implement California Clean Water regulations that emergency facilities in dam inundation areas. require businesses engaged in industrial [Existing Policy 3-1.2, modified] processes that have a potential to pollute storm water to obtain permit coverage under the Action S-2.1.3: Coordinate with the U.S. Army California General Industrial Storm Water Permit. Corps of Engineers and the San Bernardino This permitting requirement generally applies to County Flood Control and Water Conservation industrial business and large outdoor storage District to keep current on Prado Dam Basin and/or processing activities where runoff could conditions and plans. [Existing Policy 3-1.3, enter the storm drain system either directly or modified] indirectly. Action S-2.1.4: Provide accurate and up-to- date maps of areas exposed to 100-year and 4.9.3 Project Components Relevant to 500-year flood hazards, based on National Hydrology and Water Quality Flood Insurance Program criteria. [Existing 1. Proposed Safety Element Update Goals, Objective 3-2, modified] Policies, and Actions Policy S-2.2: Maintain adequate flood control Pursuant to §65302(g) of the California facilities. [New] Government Code, the Safety Element addresses Action S-2.2.1: Maintain and implement the the following issue relevant to hydrology and City Master Drainage Plan. [Existing Objective water quality: flooding. Within the proposed 3-3, modified]. General Plan Update Safety Element the following goals, policies, and actions apply to flooding. Action S-2.2.2: Require that the potential Many of these provisions are carried forward from environmental drainage impacts of new the existing General Plan Safety Element, and construction be assessed and mitigated, updated for readability and/or to better reflect including impacts that privately owned and current and expected conditions. The list below operated storm drains adjacent to slopes and indicates which goals, policies, and actions are canyon areas would have on City and County- from existing provisions and which are new. maintained drains. [Existing Policy 3-3.2, modified]

Action S-2.2.3: Review individual project designs to ensure that proposed drainage facilities will be properly linked with community-wide drainage facilities. [Existing Policy 3-3.3, modified]

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-157 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Action S-2.2.4: Coordinate the construction ways. Within the proposed General Plan Update of a comprehensive storm drain system with Conservation Element the following policy and individual projects in the General Plan area to actions apply to flooding. Many of these ensure that all new development will be provisions are carried forward from the existing adequately protected from flooding prior to General Plan Conservation Element, and updated completion of the backbone system. .[Existing for readability and/or to better reflect current and Policy 3-3.4] expected conditions. The list below indicates whether the policy and actions are from existing Action S-2.2.5: Maintain a schedule for provisions or which are new. funding of all flood control backbone facilities, including phasing. [Existing Policy Action CN-1.2.2: Discourage new 3-3.5] development in areas that contain sensitive, Action S-2.2.6: Require property owners to rare, or endangered species, oak woodlands, install and maintain storm drains on their chaparral, and riparian habitats. [Existing properties as necessary to address drainage- Objective 2-1] related to their property. [Existing Policy Action CN-1.2.5: Limit channeling of streams 3-3.6] to the minimal improvements necessary for Action S-2.2.7: Strengthen storm drain flood control as determined by a City- maintenance district to prevent local flooding, approved project-specific hydrologic analysis, and to prevent mud and debris flows from and encourage these improvements to have a overtaxing storm drains during strong natural appearance. [Existing Land Use Policy storms. [Existing Policy 3-3.7] 4-3]

Action S-2.2.8: Require measures to be Policy CN-4.3: Protect water quality. [New] undertaken to control runoff from Action CN-4.3.1: Protect water resources construction sites. [Existing Policy 3-3.8, from urban runoff and other potential modified] pollution sources through implementation of Action S-2.2.9: Require prompt revegetation best management practices and area-wide and/or construction of newly graded sites to Urban Storm Water Runoff Programs. [New] control erosion. [Existing Policy 3-4.2] Action CN-4.3.2: Require reclaimed water to Action S-2.2.10: Limit grading operations meet the Regional Quality Control Board during the rainy season. [Existing Policy requirements. [Existing Policy 3-1, modified] 3-4.3] Action CN-4.3.3: Support appropriate ground Action S-2.2.11: Review individual project water contamination investigations and designs to ensure the stability of slopes cleanup efforts by the local water agencies, adjacent to flood control facilities, which the Regional Water Quality Control Board, and could be blocked due to slope failures. responsible private parties. [New] [Existing Policy 3-4.4] 4.9.4 Thresholds of Significance 2. Proposed Conservation Element Update Goals, Policies and Actions Significant impacts relative to hydrology and water quality are evaluated in this section based Pursuant to §65302(d) of the California on the criteria set forth in Appendix G of the Government Code, the Conservation Element CEQA Guidelines. Implementation of the addresses the following issue relevant to proposed project may have a significant adverse hydrology and water quality of natural water impact if it would do any of the following:

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-158 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

a) Violate any water quality standards or 4.9.5 Project Impacts waste discharge requirements? b) Substantially deplete groundwater Would the project: supplies or interfere substantially with a) Violate any water quality standards or waste groundwater recharge such that there discharge requirements? would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater Impact Discussion table level (e.g., the production rate of In response to current NPDES requirements, the pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a General Plan Update Conservation Element level which would not support existing establishes policies and actions that protect water land uses or planned uses for which quality, notably Policy CN-4.3, and supporting permits have been granted? Actions CN-4.3.1 through CN-4.3.3. These c) Substantially alter the existing drainage provisions promulgate the City’s ongoing pattern of the site or area, including commitment to work closely with SARWQCB to through the alteration of the course of a maintain the water quality of the Chino Basin and stream or river, in a manner which would to continue to meet the requirements of the Water result in substantial erosion or siltation Quality Control Plan. on- or off-site? d) Substantially alter the existing drainage The City works with SARWQCB to prevent and pattern of the site or area, including minimize water pollution by regulating point and through the alteration of the course of a non-point sources that could discharge pollutants stream or river, or substantially increase into waters of the United States. A key program to the rate or amount of surface runoff in a prevent point sources of water pollution is the manner which would result in flooding City’s ongoing maintenance of its local storm on- or off-site? drainage system. As a co-permittee under the e) Create or contribute runoff water which countywide NPDES Permit for Municipal Separate would exceed the capacity of existing or Storm Sewer System (MS4), the City works to planning stormwater drainage systems or prevent illicit storm drain connections, to provide substantial additional sources of regularly sweep streets and clean drainage inlets polluted runoff? and outlets, and to regulate new sources of runoff f) Otherwise substantially degrade water that flow into the storm drain network. quality? Development of land uses pursuant to the g) Place housing within a 100-year flood proposed General Plan Update will be hazard area as mapped on a federal flood incremental, based on economic and market Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate factors. As new development applications are Map or other flood hazard delineation received by the City, they are required to submit map? Water Quality Management Plans in compliance h) Place within a 100-year flood hazard area with NPDES and SARWQCB requirements. These structures which would impede or redirect plans address both construction and post- flood flows? construction runoff controls. Existing develop- i) Expose people or structures to a ment is subject to periodic inspections to ensure significant risk of loss, injury, or death that proper water quality management practices involving flooding, including flooding as a are maintained. Consequently, through continued result of the failure of a levee or dam? implementation of the local and regional j) Inundation by seiche or mudflow? regulatory programs, the General Plan Update will

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-159 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

not result in violations of water quality standards have little or no direct effect on the groundwater and waste discharge requirements. aquifer that comprises the Chino Basin. There are no ground water well fields operated by the City Mitigation Measure or other water management agencies in that part of the City. Much of that area is designated None required Institutional/ Public Facility and consists of Boys Republic campus facilities and adjacent Impact Finding undeveloped land. Other land within the Chino Basin has been developed by the Los Serranos No impact Golf Course and surrounding land uses. If there is a new development proposal involving the Boys Would the project: Republic site and adjacent undeveloped land, the b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or City’s environmental review process will include interfere substantially with groundwater an assessment of potential effects on recharge such that there would be a net groundwater resources. At that time, the need for deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the any additional groundwater wells to provide local groundwater table level (e.g., the supplemental water supply resources could be production rate of pre-existing nearby wells evaluated and accommodated, if needed. Wells would drop to a level which would not and well fields would require permitting from the support existing land uses or planned uses County of San Bernardino to ensure that they do for which permits have been granted? not adversely affect other wells, groundwater quality, or aquifer recharge dynamics. Mitigation Impact Discussion Measure HWQ-1 will ensure that protection of As discussed above, about half the City water groundwater resources is addressed when a source comes from the Chino Groundwater Basin, proposal to develop the Boys Republic campus which includes City Groundwater, Desalted Water and adjacent undeveloped land is submitted for and Recycled Water. According to the City’s 2010 City review. Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP), City The UWMP projects future water demands and groundwater currently accounts for an average of supplies for the City to year 2035 assuming 1,781 or 10% of the total City water supply. The build-out according to the City’s existing General City actively participates in the Optimum Basin Plan. As shown in Table 4-30, below, the UWMP Management Plan (OBMP) to ensure that water projects that there is sufficient water supply to supplies and water quality within the Basin are meet projected demands through 2035, assuming continually monitored. This participation will both a dry year and multiple dry years (a worst continue in the future, as the City continues case scenario). While groundwater production to toward build-out in accordance with the General meet the City’s water needs is projected to Plan Update. Nothing in the updated General Plan increase over time to approximately 20% of total would conflict with the OBMP. water demand, the UWMP projections confirm that Since only a small portion of the Chino Basin the City’s annual groundwater allocation from the extends into lowlands along the eastern periphery Chino Basin would be sufficient. of the City, future development in the City would

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-160 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-30 – Dry Year and Multiple Dry Year Supply and Demand (2013-2035) Multiple Dry Water Years [a] Normal Year Single Dry [b] (acre-feet per year) (acre-feet per year) (acre-feet per year) 1 2 3 Demand Total 20,120 22,132 22,132 20,120 18,108 Supply Imported Water MVWD [c] 10,000 12,155 11,900 12,028 12,155 Groundwater (City) 4,070 4,200 4,200 3,458 1,333 Desalted Water 4,200 3,927 4,182 2,785 2,770 Recycled Water 1,850 1,850 1,850 1,850 1,850 Supply Total 20,120 22,132 22,132 20,120 18,108 Difference (Supply-Demand) 0 0 0 0* 0 [a] Demand for multiple dry years is increased based on increased forecasted demand, but assumes a 10% decrease due to water use restrictions and decreased imported water supplies; therefore, demands would be met by an increase in local groundwater supply. [b] Demand projection for a single-dry year is assumed to increase due to dry year climatological conditions and population growth. The increased demands are assumed to be met by increased imported water and groundwater. [c] The water supplied by MVWD is comprised of both imported water and groundwater. Under normal conditions, this assumes the imported water / groundwater mix is 50-50.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-161 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

As discussed in Section 4.1.5, Project Impacts Would the project: (beginning on page 4-14) of this EIR, build-out c) Substantially alter the existing drainage under the City’s existing General Plan is very pattern of the site or area, including through similar to that proposed by the General Plan the alteration of the course of a stream or Update. The differences between the City’s river, in a manner which would result in existing and proposed General Plan include an substantial erosion or siltation on- or off- increase of 780 residential units to meet the site? City’s RHNA obligation, and a decrease of d) Substantially alter the existing drainage 269,000 non-residential square feet due to the pattern of the site or area, including through redesignation of a currently designated the alteration of the course of a stream or commercial property to the new Mixed Use land river, in a manner which would result in use designation. Consequently, the City’s 2010 flooding on- or off-site? UWMP finding that there is sufficient water supply e) Create or contribute runoff water which would to meet projected demands through 2035 applies exceed the capacity of existing or planning to the City’s proposed General Plan Update as storm water drainage systems or provide well as the existing General Plan. Potential substantial additional sources of polluted adverse impacts of the depletion of groundwater runoff? supplies or interference with groundwater f) Otherwise substantially degrade water recharge associated with the General Plan Update quality? are less than significant. Impact Discussion Mitigation Measure Like the adopted General Plan, the proposed HWQ-1 At such time as a new development General Plan Update contains policies in the Land proposal is submitted for the Boys Use Element and in the Conservation Element to Republic campus and adjacent protect, preserve, and discourage development undeveloped land, an assessment of that would eliminate or significantly alter natural potential impacts to groundwater drainage courses. As such, the proposed General resources shall be conducted, including Plan would not encourage development patterns consideration of potential new or practices that could result in significant groundwater production to meet alterations to streams that could then trigger community or project needs. significant erosion, siltation, or flooding problems that could degrade water quality in affected waters. Impact Finding Less than significant The City’s August 2009 Storm Drain Master Plan included a hydraulic analysis of the City’s existing storm drain systems to determine existing deficiencies. The analysis rated deficiencies in terms of a ratio of required cross sectional flow area by the cross sectional area of the existing facility (i.e., maximum flow area under partial flow condition). A deficiency ratio less than or equal to 1:1 it means a facility was adequately sized. If the ratio is greater than 1:1, the facility may be undersized and further studies are required. The higher the ratio, the higher priority a pipe or channel needs to be investigated.

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-162 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Of the 200 drainage facilities assessed, 33 were overtaxing storm drains during strong found to have deficiency ratios greater than 1:1. storms. Most of the deficiencies are located along existing Action S-2.2.8: Require measures to be roadways that were developed without storm undertaken to control runoff from drains. Finding funding for improving these construction sites. existing roadways is an ongoing challenge and commitment of the City. Action S-2.2.9: Require prompt revegetation and/or construction of newly graded sites to The Safety Element of the General Plan Update control erosion. contains a series of actions that explicitly address provision of adequate storm drain facilities in These actions will ensure that the City continues existing areas and with new development. These to endeavor to correct existing storm drain actions include: deficiencies and avoid deficiencies in areas of new development. As a co-permittee under the Action S-2.2.1: Maintain and implement the countywide NPDES Permit for Municipal Separate City Master Drainage Plan. Storm Sewer System (MS4), the City will continue Action S-2.2.2: Require that the potential to restrict discharges into its storm drainage environmental drainage impacts of new network, and to conduct regular maintenance construction be assessed and mitigated, activities such as street sweeping and culvert including impacts that privately owned and cleaning to ensure that significant water operated storm drains adjacent to slopes and pollutants are not allowed into the system or to canyon areas would have on City and County- be in the discharges from the system. With these maintained drains. assurances for an adequately sized and properly maintained storm drainage system, the General Action S-2.2.3: Review individual project Plan Update would not create or contribute runoff designs to ensure that proposed drainage water which would exceed the capacity of existing facilities will be properly linked with or planning storm water drainage systems or community-wide drainage facilities. provide substantial additional sources of polluted Action S-2.2.4: Coordinate the construction runoff. of a comprehensive storm drain system with individual projects in the General Plan area to Mitigation Measure ensure that all new development will be None required adequately protected from flooding prior to completion of the backbone system. Impact Finding Action S-2.2.5: Maintain a schedule for funding of all flood control backbone Less than significant facilities, including phasing.

Action S-2.2.6: Require property owners to install and maintain storm drains on their properties as necessary to address drainage related to their property.

Action S-2.2.7: Strengthen storm drain maintenance district to prevent local flooding, and to prevent mud and debris flows from

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-163 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Would the project: year flood hazard area that would impede or redirect flood flows. By restricting development in g) Place housing within a 100-year flood hazard areas prone to dam inundation, the General Plan area as mapped on a federal flood Hazard Update would not expose people or structures to Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving other flood hazard delineation map? flooding, including flooding as a result of the h) Place within a 100-year flood hazard area failure of a levee or dam. structures which would impede or redirect flood flows? To further support these provisions, Mitigation i) Expose people or structures to a significant Measure HWQ-2 has been formulated to ensure risk of loss, injury, or death involving that drainage facilities for new projects through flooding, including flooding as a result of the the General Plan Update period are evaluated and failure of a levee or dam? payment methods are assured. With inclusion of this measure, build-out of the City pursuant to Impact Discussion the General Plan Update is not expected to create a significant adverse impact on hydrology and As discussed in Section 4.9.11 (beginning on water quality. page 4-147), the principal flood hazard to the developed portions of the City are from Mitigation Measure undersized storm drain facilities, erosion along natural channels, and debris-clogged drainages. HWQ-2 All local or private project drainage The City has recently adopted a Storm Drain facilities to be constructed shall be Master Plan to remove vegetation and debris in evaluated on an individual basis by the 21 storm water facilities throughout the City. This City Engineering Department. The program is expected to improve the existing flow Department shall also determine the of drainage through the City’s existing facilities. amount of responsibility for costs of Chapter 16.54 of the Municipal Code requires improvements by the developers for local control of all existing and potential conditions of or private project facilities on private human-induced accelerated erosion within all property based upon the impacts on areas of the City. drainage created by the development.

Potential flooding from dam inundation could occur if the existing dams in or upstream of the Impact Finding City failed and emptied into adjacent areas. Less than significant Goal S-2, Protect the Community from Flooding Hazards, and its supporting policies and actions restrict development in areas prone to flooding, Would the project: within dam inundation areas, and in the 100-year j) Create hazards due to inundation by seiche or flood plain and on canyon floors. These mudflow? provisions are further supported by Chapter 15.12 of the Municipal Code, which requires Impact Discussion protection against flood damage at the time of construction. A hazardous seiche is an occasional and sudden oscillation of the water of a lake, bay, or estuary The Land Use Map of the proposed General Plan producing fluctuations in the water level and Update does not place housing in areas of caused by wind, earthquakes, or other potential flooding. Provisions of the General Plan phenomena. In Chino Hills, large bodies of water Update would not place structures within a 100- include the Los Serranos Lake and the Arnold

Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-164 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Reservoir. Inundation of flood waters could policies and actions emphasize water potentially occur if either or both of these large conservation and recycling, development of water bodies are subjected to seiche conditions. alternative sources of water, protection of Areas denuded by wildfire are particularly groundwater quality, restricting development in susceptible to mudflow during storms. Areas at flood-prone areas, and providing sufficient storm the mouth of canyons and at the bottom of steep drainage infrastructure. Provisions of the slopes are more vulnerable to mudflows. In Municipal Code also serve to reinforce most of addition to Los Serranos Lake and the Arnold the proposed General Plan Update provisions. Reservoir, numerous water reservoirs in the City Mitigation measure HWQ-1 will ensure that could cause mudflow hazards if they should be potentially important groundwater resources severely damaged to the extent that they overflow within the Chino Groundwater Basin are properly onto surrounding lands. addressed when a development proposal is Mudflows have the potential to result in property submitted for the portion of the Basin where the damage and public safety concerns. Goal S-2, Boys Republic campus and adjacent undeveloped Protect the Community from Flooding Hazards, land are located. Mitigation measure HWQ-2 will and its supporting policies and actions restrict support the City’s efforts to maintain an adequate development in dam inundation and assure that local storm drainage system by requiring site- new development is located and designed to specific development proposals to provide avoid or mitigate hydrologic hazards that could adequate control measures to prevent flooding result in mudslides. The Land Use Map of the impacts. All of these efforts will ensure that proposed General Plan Update does not place new runoff from existing and future development does development in areas of potential mudflows. not result in significant cumulative impacts to Consequently, impacts associated mudflows regional flood control facilities. Through its under the General Plan Update are expected to be continued participation in the countywide NPDES less than significant. Permit for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) program, discharges from the City’s storm Mitigation Measure water system would not have cumulatively considerable impacts on water quality. Future None required development projects must individually comply with NPDES permit requirements administered by Impact Finding the SARWQCB. This will ensure that cumulative impacts to the water quality of water resources in Less than significant the City’s watershed will be less than significant.

4.9.6 Cumulative Impacts Mitigation Measure Impact Discussion None required The Conservation Element, the Safety Element, and the Land Use Element of the proposed Impact Finding General Plan Update contain provisions intended to identify and reduce impacts of polluted runoff, Less than significant with mitigation facilitate groundwater availability and recharge, and avoid flood hazards that may threaten the health, safety, and property of the residents living and working in the City. Proposed General Plan

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.9 – Hydrology and Water Quality page 4-165

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

• Decibels: Sound pressure levels are commonly

4.10 Noise measured in logarithmic units of ratios of actual sound pressures to a reference This section discusses existing noise conditions in pressure squared. These units are called bels. the City of Chino Hills (City), noise sensitive land To provide a finer measurement, a bel is uses, noise standards relevant to the proposed subdivided into ten decibels, abbreviated dB. General Plan Update, and potential noise impacts associated with build-out of the City in accordance Since decibels are logarithmic units, sound with the proposed Land Use Map. When required, pressure levels cannot be added or subtracted appropriate mitigation measures are by ordinary arithmetic means. For example, if recommended. Technical Information referenced in one automobile produces a sound pressure this section was obtained from the “Noise Element level of 70 dB when it passes an observer, two Technical Memorandum” prepared by Wieland cars passing simultaneously would not Acoustics, November 13, 2013. That complete produce 140 dB. In fact, they would combine report is provided as Appendix H of this EIR. to produce 73 dB. This same principle can be applied to other traffic quantities as well. In 4.10.1 Existing Conditions other words, doubling the traffic volume on a street or the speed of the traffic will increase 1. Definition of Noise the traffic noise level by 3 dB. Conversely, Noise is generally defined as “unwanted” or halving the traffic volume or speed will reduce “intrusive” sound. Excessive noise is associated the traffic noise level by 3 dB. with an interference with speech and other • A-Weighting: Sound pressure level alone is not communication, a distraction at home and at a reliable indicator of loudness. The frequency work, the disturbance of rest and sleep, and the or pitch of a sound has a substantial effect on disruption of various recreational pursuits. how humans will respond. While the intensity of To the human ear, sound has two significant the sound is a purely physical quantity, the characteristics: pitch and loudness. Pitch is loudness or human response depends on the generally an annoyance, while loudness can affect characteristics of the human ear. the ability to hear. Pitch is the number of Human hearing is limited not only to the range complete vibrations, or cycles per second, of a of audible frequencies, but also in the way it wave, resulting in the tone’s range from high to perceives the sound pressure level in that low. Loudness is the strength of a sound and range. In general, the healthy human ear is describes a noisy or quiet environment; it is most sensitive to frequencies between 1,000 measured by the amplitude of the sound wave. Hz and 5,000 Hz82, and perceives both higher Loudness is determined by the intensity of the and lower frequency sounds of the same sound waves, combined with the reception magnitude with less intensity. To approximate characteristics of the human ear. In an urban the frequency response of the human ear, a environment, sound that becomes noise is series of sound pressure level adjustments is typically a byproduct of transportation systems, usually applied to the sound measured by a certain land uses, and ongoing human activity. sound level meter. Because of the many facets of noise, numerous Of all the various scales available for acoustical terms are used to describe the intensity measuring noise, the A-weighted sound of sound. Definitions of commonly used acoustical terms are provided below: 82 Frequency is measured in cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz). One Hertz equals one cycle per second.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-167 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

pressure level (identified as dBA) is the scale of increases with sound level, and with distance measurement that is most useful in community between speaker and listener. noise measurement. The A-scale approximates • Sleep Interference: Sound levels that exceed 40 the frequency response of the average young to 45 dBA are generally considered excessive ear when listening to most ordinary everyday for sleeping areas within a residence. sounds. When people make relative judgments of the loudness or annoyance of a sound, their 3. Noise Sources judgments correlate well with the A-scale sound levels of those sounds. A range of noise Traffic Noise levels associated with common noise sources Traffic is the primary contributor to long-term is shown in Figure 4-14. noise in the City. This includes noise from • Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL): It is automobiles, trucks, and motorcycles on arterial recognized that a given level of noise may be streets, the Pomona Freeway (SR-60), and the more or less tolerable depending on the Chino Valley Freeway (SR-71). Figure 4-16 depicts duration of exposure experienced by an the CNEL contours for the existing traffic noise individual. Numerous measures of noise environment within the City. The map provides exposure consider not only the A-level the CNEL contours ranging from 60 dB to 80 dB in variation of noise but also the duration of the 5 dB increments. disturbance. The Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) measure weights the average Operational Noise noise levels for the evening hours (7:00 p.m. to Activities on commercial properties also contribute 10:00 p.m.) by increasing them 5 dB, and to existing noise. These activities include music in weights the average noise levels for the outdoor dining areas, loading dock operations, nighttime hours (10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m.) by delivery trucks entering and leaving the area, and increasing them 10 dB. The daytime noise mechanical equipment located inside and outside levels are combined with these weighted levels the buildings. There is no rail service in the City, and are averaged to obtain a CNEL value. and Chino Hills is outside the 65 dB CNEL for the Figure 4-15 indicates the outdoor CNEL at Chino Airport. typical locations throughout the Southern California area. Stationary Noise 2. Effects of Noise Stationary noise sources in the City include sewage In general, noise may affect the average individual treatment plants, oil production, mechanical equipment on buildings, including air conditioning in the following ways: units, swimming pool pumps, and fans. Stationary • General Hearing Loss or Damage: Sound levels noise sources can be a local problem if not that exceed 85 dBA, when experienced for properly shielded. Additional noise sources in long durations during each working day, may residential neighborhoods include barking dogs, result in severe temporary or even permanent loud parties and/or amplified music, lawnmowers hearing loss. State and federal safety and and leaf blowers, use of pools or tennis courts, and health regulations currently protect workers at other activities. These noise events are generally levels of exposure that exceed 90 dBA for annoying, but sporadic and short-term. Chapter each 8-hour workday. 16.48.020 of the City's Municipal Code contains standards to control stationary noise sources • Interference with Oral Communication: Speech within the City. intelligibility is impaired when sound levels exceed 60 dBA. The amount of interference

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-168 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Threshold of pain 120 dBA

Disco 110 dBA

Textile mill

Printing plant 100 dBA

Jackhammer at 50'

Power lawn mower at 5' 90 dBA

Heavy truck at 50'

Concrete mixer at 50' 80 dBA 10 dB change generally Inside car at 40 mph perceived as twice or half as loud Vacuum cleaner at 10' 70 dBA

Car, 60 mph at 100'

Conversational speech 60 dBA 5 dB change generally

Large transformer at 50' perceived as quite noticeable

Urban residence 50 dBA 3 dB change is generally barely

Small town residenc e perceptible

40 dBA 1 dB change is generally not

Soft whisper at 6' notic eable

30 dBA

North rim of Grand Canyon

20 dBA

10 dBA

Threshold of hearing 0 dBA

Figure 4-14 – Common Noise Sources and A-Weighted Noise Levels

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-169 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

90 dB

Next to freeway

Los Angeles, 3/4 mi. from LAX

80 dB Downtown Los Angeles

70 dB Housing on major street

Common standard for noise exposure level in exterior residential areas Los Angeles, 8 mi. from LAX

Old suburban residential area 60 dB

Small town c ul-de-sac 50 dB

Common standard for noise exposure level in interior residential areas

Farm 40 dB

30 dB

Figure 4-15 – Common CNEL Noise Exposure at Various Locations

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-170 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-16 – Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) Contours for the Existing Environment

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-171 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Construction Noise Division 5.7 of the Code places the same mandatory requirements on the design of Construction activities generate considerable additions or alterations to existing non-residential amounts of noise, especially during the buildings. However, the requirements only apply demolition phase and the construction of project to the portions of the building being added or infrastructure when heavy equipment is used. altered, and only for additions or alterations on or Because construction is temporary in most after the dates shown in Table 4-31 below. locations, and because people recognize that the high noise level of construction activity is Table 4-31 – Building Additions or Alterations necessary, most people do not consider Subject to California Green Building Standards Code construction noise a nuisance. The City's Noise Square Permit Valuation or Ordinance restricts the hours of construction Effective Date of Footage of Estimated Construction activity with high noise levels. Compliance Addition Cost of Alteration July 1, 2012 2,000 $500,000 Effective date of the 2013 4.10.2 Regulations California Building 1,000 $200,000 1. Noise Regulations Standards Code

California State Building Code Noise/Land Use Compatibility Matrix of the Title 24, Part 2, of the California Code of Existing City of Chino Hills General Plan Regulations requires all multifamily residential dwellings, hotels, and motels exposed to a CNEL (September 1994) of 60 dB or greater to have an acoustical study The stated purpose of the existing City of Chino performed that shows how an interior CNEL of 45 Hills Noise Element is to identify noise levels, and dB or less will be achieved in habitable rooms. to establish policies and programs designed to Title 24 is commonly referred to as the state’s minimize the effects of noise on people living and Noise Insulation Standards. working in the City. The existing Noise Element establishes the following Noise/Land Use California Green Building Standards Code Compatibility Matrix to ensure that sensitive land uses, such as residences and lodging, are not Section 5.507 of the Code places mandatory placed in areas where the existing noise levels requirements on the design of new non- exceed the compatibility standards in Table 4-32. residential buildings that are located within the 65 dB CNEL noise contour of an airport, a freeway, an expressway, a railroad, an industrial Chapter 6.04.040 Municipal Code – Noisy or source, or a fixed-guideway source as At-Large Animals determined by the Noise Element of the General This chapter defines the circumstances under Plan. The purpose of the design requirements is which an animal, including barking dogs, may be to achieve a 1-hour average noise level of 50 dBA deemed a nuisance. or less within occupied interior spaces. Buildings with few or no occupants or where occupants are Chapter 8.08.020 Municipal Code – Regulation not likely to be affected by exterior noise, as determined by the enforcement authority, such as of Construction Noise factories, stadiums, storage, enclosed parking This chapter regulates the hours during which structures, and utility buildings, are not required construction activities are permitted on weekdays to comply with the mandatory design and Saturdays. No construction is permitted on requirements. Sundays or holidays.

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-172 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-32 – Existing General Plan Noise Element, Noise/Land Use Compatibility Matrix Land Use Designations CNEL, dB Categories Compatible Uses <55 60 65 70 75 80> Residential Single-Family, Duplex, Multiple Family A B C C C D D Residential Mobile Homes A B C C C D D Commercial – Regional, District Hotel, Motel, Transient Lodging A A B B C C D Commercial – Regional, Village District, Commercial Retail, Bank, Restaurant, A A A B B B C Special Movie Theater Commercial, Industrial, Institutional Office Building, Research and A A A B B C D Development, Professional Offices, City Office Building Commercial – Recreation Amphitheater, Concert Hall B B C C D D D Institutional – Civic Center Auditorium, Meeting Hall Commercial – Recreation Children’s Amusement Park, Miniature A A A B B D D Golf Course, Go-Cart Track, Equestrian Center, Sports Club Commercial – General, Special Automobile, Service Station, Auto A A A A A B B Industrial, Institutional Dealership, Manufacturing, Warehousing, Wholesale, Utilities Institutional – General Hospital, Church, Library, Schools, A B B C C D D Classroom Open Space Parks A A A B C D D Open Space Golf Course, Cemeteries, Nature Centers, A A A A B C C Wildlife Habitat Agriculture Agriculture A A A A A A A Zone A, Clearly Compatible: Specified land use is satisfactory, based upon the assumption that any buildings involved are of normal conventional construction without any special noise insulation requirements. Zone B, Normally Compatible: New construction or development should be undertaken only after detailed analysis of the noise reduction requirements are made and needed noise insulation features in the design are determined. Conventional construction, with closed windows and fresh air supply systems or air conditioning, will normally suffice. Zone C, Requires Analysis and Mitigation: Potential noise impacts exist. If new construction or development is proposed, a detailed analysis of noise reduction requirements must be made and needed noise insulation features included in the design. Zone D, Clearly Incompatible: New construction or development should generally not be undertaken.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-173 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

instrument capable of measuring and recording Chapter 13.20.170 Municipal Code – Truck displacement and frequency, particle velocity, or Noise acceleration. Readings are to be made at points of This chapter states that the noise level for trash maximum vibration along any lot line next to a lot collection vehicles during the stationary within a residential, commercial, or industrial land compaction process shall not exceed 75 dBA at a use district. distance of 25 feet from the vehicle. This chapter identifies motor vehicles subject to regulation under the California Vehicle Code as Chapter 16.09.100 Municipal Code – exempt from City vibration standards. Commercial Outdoor Patio Guidelines This chapter requires that the noise levels at an Federal Transit Administration (FTA) and outdoor patio comply with the City’s noise Caltrans standards. If the patio is located adjacent to a Criteria developed by the FTA indicate that when residential use, an acoustical analysis is required ground-borne vibration exceeding 72 vibration to demonstrate that the patio will comply with the decibels (VdB) is usually perceived as annoying to City’s noise standards (CHMC §16.48.020). occupants of residential buildings. For schools, churches, other institutions, and quiet offices, a Chapter 16.12.070 Municipal Code – ground-borne vibration level of more than 75 VdB Entertainment Establishments is usually perceived as annoying. The criteria do not provide any standards for vibration This chapter regulates noise from entertainment annoyance or interference at commercial establishments that provide dancing, music, and properties. similar activities. General vibration damage criteria developed by Chapter 16.48.020 Municipal Code – Noise the California Department of Transportation Performance Standards (Caltrans) are summarized in Table 4-33. This chapter sets standards for measuring noise Table 4-33 – Guideline Vibration Damage Potential Threshold Criteria and noise/land use compatibility, and identifies Peak Particle Velocity activities that are exempt from City noise PPV (inches per second) ordinances. Continuous/ Frequent Intermittent Transient 2. Vibration Standards Building Category Sources Sources Extremely fragile historic buildings, 0.08 0.12 Chapter 16.48.020 Municipal Code – Vibration ruins, ancient monuments Fragile buildings 0.10 0.20 This chapter states that “no ground vibration shall Historic and some old buildings 0.25 0.50 be allowed which can be felt without the aid of Older residential structures 0.30 0.50 New residential structures 0.50 1.00 instruments at or beyond the subject property Modern industrial/commercial buildings 0.50 2.00 line, nor will any vibration be permitted which Note: Transient sources create a single isolated vibration event, such as produces a particle velocity greater than or equal blasting or drop balls. Continuous/frequent intermittent sources include impact pile drivers, pogo-stick compactors, crack-and-seal equipment, to two-tenths of an inch per second measured at vibratory pile drivers, and vibratory compaction equipment. or beyond the lot line.”

This chapter also provides vibration measurement standards that state that vibration velocity shall be measured with a seismograph or other

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-174 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.10.3 Proposed Noise Element Goals, Action N-1.1.6: Enforce state motor vehicle Policies and Actions noise standards for cars, trucks, and motorcycles. [Existing Policy 1-6] Pursuant to §65302(f) of the California Govern- ment Code, the Noise Element provides a Action N-1.1.7: Incorporate sound attenuation systematic approach to identifying and appraising measures in residential developments to excessive noise in the City, quantifying noise achieve the City’s standards. Such sound levels, and addressing excessive noise exposure, attenuation measures may include noise and community planning for the regulation of barriers, replacing existing windows and doors noise. with sound-rated assemblies, insulating exterior walls and attics, and/or installing Within the proposed General Plan Update Noise forced air ventilation [Existing Policy 1-7] Element all of the following goals, policies, and Policy N-1.2: Where complaints are received by actions would apply to noise. Many of these residents with regard to non-transportation noise provisions are carried forward from the existing sources (e.g., commercial/retail equipment or General Plan Noise Element, and are to be activities, fans, air conditioners), the City will updated for readability and/or to better reflect protect the public health and welfare by current and expected conditions. The listing implementing the following Action statement as below indicates which goals, policies and actions necessary to ensure that the non-transportation are from existing provisions and which are new. noise source does not exceed the noise standards identified in Titles 6, 8 and 16 of the City of Goal N-1: Manage Existing Noise Sources [New] Chino Hills Municipal Code. [New] Policy N-1.1: Protect public health and welfare by Action N-1.2.1: Ensure that equipment, eliminating or minimizing the effects of existing machinery, fan, and air conditioning noise noise problems. [New] does not exceed specified levels, established Action N-1.1.1: Control noise conditions in in the City’s Noise Ordinance. [Existing Chino Hills through the active, ongoing efforts Policy 1-13] of the City in coordination with other government agencies. [Existing Policy 1-1 Goal N-2: Limit New Noise Conflicts [New] modified] Policy N-2.1: Minimize increases in noise levels Action N-1.1.2: Increase public input on due to new land use and transportation facility environmental noise issues, and establish a decisions. [New] program for the monitoring and abatement of Action N-2.1.1: Enforce the standards of local noise sources. [Existing Policy 1-2] Table 7-1, Land Use/Noise Compatibility Action N-1.1.3: Prohibit large commercial truck Matrix in the Noise Element of the General Plan, traffic in noise-sensitive areas, such as school which specify acceptable exterior and interior sites, located in Chino Hills. [Existing Policy noise limits for various land uses throughout 1-3] the City. [Existing Policy 1-11 modified].

Action N-1.1.4: Restrict truck traffic to Action N-2.1.2: Continue to assess projects roadways that are located away from sensitive through the subdivision, site plan, conditional land uses. [New] use permit, and other development review processes and incorporate conditions of Action N-1.1.5: Minimize through vehicular approval and mitigation measures that ensure traffic in the City’s residential areas. [Existing noise compatibility where appropriate. [New] Policy 1-4]

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-175 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Action N-2.1.3: Require a noise study to be project vicinity above levels existing performed and appropriate noise attenuation to without the project be incorporated to reduce interior noise levels e) For a project located within an airport land to 45 dB CNEL or less prior to approving any use plan or, where such a plan has not multifamily or mixed-use residential been adopted, within two miles of a public development in an area with a CNEL of 65 dB or airport or public use airport, would the greater. [New] project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels Action N-2.1.4: Incorporate ambient noise level f) For a project within the vicinity of a private considerations into land use decisions involving airstrip, would the project expose people schools, hospitals, and similar noise sensitive residing or working in the Project Area to uses. [Existing Policy 1-8] excessive noise levels Action N-2.1.5: Ensure all new developments provide adequate sound insulation or other 4.10.5 Project Impacts protection from existing and projected noise sources. [Existing Policy 1-9] Would the project result in: Action N-2.1.6: Design new transportation a) Exposure of persons to or generation of noise facilities to minimize noise impacts on nearby levels in excess of standards established in sensitive sources [New] the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? Action N-2.1.7: Ensure that all new hotels, motels, multifamily and single-family dwellings Impact Discussion to be developed within an area where the Over the long term, as additional growth occurs outdoor CNEL exceeds 60 dB are designed to in the City and in the region, vehicular traffic achieve an indoor CNEL of 45 dB or less. volumes on the street and highway network will increase, and the level of traffic noise along major 4.10.4 Thresholds of Significance roadways and highways will increase. This could Significant impacts relative to Noise are evaluated result in potentially significant exterior and in this section based on Appendix G of the CEQA interior noise impacts at existing and future land Guidelines. Implementation of the proposed uses, as discussed below. General Plan Update could have a significant Exterior Traffic Noise Levels at Existing adverse impact if it would allow for or result in Properties: Based on modeling of long-term any of the following: traffic noise levels (refer to Appendix H of this EIR a) Exposure of persons to or generation of for details), roadway noise levels in excess of the noise levels in excess of standards noise/land use compatibility matrix set forth in established in the local general plan or Noise Element Table 7-1 of the Noise Element in noise ordinance, or applicable standards of the General Plan Update currently occur and will other agencies continue to occur in many existing residential and b) Exposure of persons to or generation of other noise-sensitive areas throughout the City. excessive groundborne vibration or Figure 4-17 illustrates projected long-term noise groundborne noise levels levels throughout the City, based on exposure to c) A substantial permanent increase in roadway traffic noise. These future noise levels ambient noise levels in the project vicinity occur with or without build-out as proposed in above levels existing without the project? the General Plan. d) A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-176 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-17 – Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) Contours for General Plan Build-Out

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-177 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

In those areas where projected noise levels are Policy N-1.1 of the General Plan Update above the levels considered compatible for the establishes policies for managing existing noise existing land uses, the impact of the General Plan problems and includes six action statements that Update would be less than significant because it would mitigate these potential impacts to a less- would not create a new roadway noise impact. than-significant level. Actions N-1.1.1 and N-1.1.2 establish a City program to improve At several locations, listed below, projected future noise conditions in the city by monitoring and roadway noise levels would increase to more than abating local noise sources, by coordinating its 65 dB at existing residential properties, or above actions with other governmental agencies, and by the upper value of the “Normally Compatible” increasing public input. Actions N-1.1.3 through category for other types of existing land uses. At N-1.1.6 reduce ambient noise levels in residential these locations, the impact of the traffic noise at and other sensitive areas by prohibiting truck existing land uses could be significant. traffic and minimizing through traffic of all kinds • Existing residential properties adjacent to: in these areas, and by enforcing the state’s motor 1) Butterfield Ranch Road between Pine vehicle noise standards. These actions are Avenue and SR-71; 2) Chino Avenue implemented through the City’s development and between Rock Springs Drive and Eagle building processes and through its participation Canyon Drive; 3) Eucalyptus Avenue in regional planning activities. between Rancho Hills Drive and Calle Policy N-2.1, with Action N-2.1.6, will ensure that Barcelona; and 4) Pomona Rincon Road noise impacts on nearby existing sensitive from south of Bird Farm Road to south of receptors will be minimized as part of the design Picasso Drive of new transportation facilities. With full • Existing hotel, motel, and transient lodging implementation of these policies, the amount of properties adjacent to: 1) Chino Avenue noise reduction that will be achieved at any between Emerald Way and SR-71; 2) Chino specific property will be the difference between Hills Parkway between the west city limits the level to which the property is currently and Grand Avenue, and between Eucalyptus exposed and 65 dB (for residential properties) or Avenue and Carbon Canyon Road; 3) Peyton the upper value of the “Normally Compatible” Drive between Garey Avenue and Grand category. This noise reduction would reduce Avenue; and 4) Soquel Canyon Parkway long-term exterior roadway noise impacts between Elinvar Drive and Butterfield Ranch affecting existing land uses to less than Road significant. • Existing office properties adjacent to Chino Hills Parkway between Carbon Canyon Road Interior Traffic Noise Levels at Existing Properties: and Peyton Drive Assuming that standard residential building • Existing general institutional properties construction provides 20 dB of noise reduction adjacent to Pomona Rincon Road from with windows and doors closed, projected long- south of Bird Farm Road to south of Picasso term roadway noise could result in interior noise Drive levels that are above 45 dB at existing residential • Existing parks adjacent to: 1) Chino Hills properties adjacent to: Parkway between Eucalyptus Avenue and • Butterfield Ranch Road between Pine Carbon Canyon Road; and 2) Soquel Avenue and SR-71 Canyon Parkway between Elinvar Drive and • Chino Avenue between Rock Springs Drive Butterfield Ranch Road and Eagle Canyon Drive • Existing open space (non-park) properties • Eucalyptus Avenue between Rancho Hills adjacent to Chino Hills Parkway between Drive and Calle Barcelona Carbon Canyon Road and Peyton Drive

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-178 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

• Pomona Rincon Road from south of Bird N-2.1.5 ensure that the City will continue to Farm Road to south of Picasso Drive address and enforce the land use/noise compatibility guidelines set forth in Table 7-1 of At these locations the impact of the roadway the Noise Element when addressing new noise exposure could be significant. developments, and will continue to require that Implementation of the six Noise Element Actions appropriate noise mitigation measures be noted earlier will also reduce potential interior included in their design. Action N-2.1.7 will noise exposure impacts for existing land uses ensure that all new hotels, motels, multifamily associated with long-term roadway noise. With dwellings, and single-family dwellings to be full implementation of these policies, the amount developed within an area where the outdoor CNEL of noise reduction that will be achieved at any exceeds 60 dB are designed to achieve an indoor specific property will be the difference between CNEL of 45 dB or less. Implementation of these the interior level to which the property is Noise Element Actions would reduce potentially currently exposed and 45 dB. This noise significant impacts involving exposure of future reduction would reduce long-term interior development to roadway noise to less than roadway noise impacts affecting existing land significant. uses to less than significant to less than significant. Commercial/Industrial Noise Impacts on Residential Properties: Implementation of the Exterior and Interior Traffic Noise Levels at Future Land Use Element might result in new Developments: The Land Use Element of the commercial/industrial developments located General Plan Update designates several areas for adjacent to noise-sensitive properties such as new development located adjacent to arterial residential areas. Depending on how close these roadways. Depending on how close these developments are situated to residential areas, developments are situated to the arterials, they the types of mechanical equipment used at the might be exposed to excessive future noise developments, and the activities that will occur at levels. Table 4-34 identifies the distances from the developments, they may produce noise levels the arterial centerline within which various types that exceed the City’s Municipal Code standards. of new development could be exposed to noise Such circumstances would be considered to be a levels that exceed 65 dB for residential develop- significant noise impact. ments, or the upper value of the “Normally Policies N-1.1 and N-2.1 of the General Plan Compatible” category for other types of land Update address these adjacent land use/noise uses. If a new development were to occur within compatibility issues and include several action the distances shown in Table 4-34, the impact of statements that would mitigate these potential the roadway noise exposure could be significant. impacts to a less-than-significant level. Policy Policies N-1.1 and N-2.1 of the General Plan N-1.1, with Action N-1.1.8, will ensure that Update address land use/noise compatibility mechanical equipment at commercial/industrial issues and include several action statements that developments do not generate excessive noise would mitigate these potential impacts to a less- levels. Actions N-2.1.1 and N-2.1.2 ensure that than-significant level. Statement N-1.1.7 ensures the City will continue to address and enforce its that new residential developments located in land use/noise compatibility guidelines when areas where the exterior CNEL exceeds 65 dB will addressing new commercial/industrial develop- incorporate sound attenuation measures. Action ments, and will continue to require that N-2.1.3 provides the same consideration for new appropriate noise mitigation measures be multifamily or mixed-use residential develop- included in their design. ments. Actions N-2.1.1, N-2.1.2, N-2.1.4, and

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-179 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-34– Future Noise Impact Zones Adjacent to Freeways and Highways Distance from Roadway Centerline within Which New Development May Be Exposed to a Significant Impact Office, Amphitheater, Residential, Hotel, Motel, Commercial Concert Hall, Hospital, Transient Recreation, Auditorium, Church, Lodging, Non-Park Open Meeting Hall Library, School Parks Space Commercial Arterial Segment (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) SR-60 West of SR-71 interchange >985 >985 >985 935 395 (Pomona Freeway) SR-71 South of SR-60 interchange >985 >985 >985 490 182 (Chino Valley Peyton to Chino >985 >985 >985 478 176 Freeway) Chino to Grand >985 >985 >985 464 169 Grand to Chino Hills >985 >985 >985 447 162 Chino Hills to Central >985 >985 >985 428 155 Central to Pine >985 >985 968 410 147 North of Euclid Ave >985 >985 729 301 104 SR-142 W City Limits to Rosemary 701 281 94 – – (Carbon Canyon Rosemary to Canyon Hills 443 161 51 – – Road) Canyon Hills to Chino Hills 710 286 96 – – Notes: “–“ indicates that there is no distance within which a proposed development will experience a significant impact.

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-180 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Implementation of these Noise Element policies Vibration impacts that could potentially damage and actions will reduce potential impacts nearby structures are more pronounced at older involving noise/adjacent land use compatibility to structures where building standards did not less than significant. require the level of insulation and structural reinforcement that are required today. Vibration- Mitigation Measure related interference with normal activities is also more problematic at noise sensitive uses and in None required places where equipment and electronic devices are highly sensitive to ground motions. Impact Finding The City is aware of the potential for vibration- Less than significant impact related damage and interference with activities at land uses near construction sites, and typically requires construction control measures to Would the project result in: minimize such impacts. At this time, however, b) Exposure of persons to or generation of there are no standards in place as part of the excessive groundborne vibration or City’s Building Code to regulate vibration from groundborne noise levels? construction activities, and there are no policies Future development activity could potentially or actions in the Noise Element that address require construction methods employing vibration problems. Some potential for significant equipment that generate significant groundborne groundborne noise or vibration impacts, noise and/or vibration. Examples include therefore, does exist. Mitigation Measure N-1 is demolition of existing structures, site preparation proposed to establish a formal City review work, excavation of below grade levels, procedure to ensure that potential vibration- foundation work, pile driving, and framing. related impacts associated with construction activities are assessed prior to construction and Pile driving has the potential to generate the mitigated during construction. highest ground vibration levels and is the greatest risk factor in causing structural damage, Mitigation Measure particularly when it occurs within 100 feet of structures. Vibration levels generated by pile N-1 The City will amend its Municipal Code to driving activities would vary depending on project identify and enforce specific limits on the conditions including type, construction methods, ground-borne vibration level that is and equipment used. Other construction permitted outside of an active construction activities, such as caisson drilling, the use of site. As part of this code amendment, jackhammers, rock drills and other high-power or projects proposing construction methods vibratory tools, and rolling stock equipment (for involving vibratory equipment shall be example, tracked vehicles and compactors) may reviewed for the potential to generate also generate substantial vibration in the significant construction vibration prior to immediate vicinity of the site. the issuance of building permits. When a project could exceed the City’s standard Depending on the proximity of existing structures for vibration limits, appropriate mitigation to each construction site, the structural sound- measures shall be applied to reduce such ness of the existing buildings, and the methods vibration to acceptable levels. Such of construction used, vibration levels caused by measures are anticipated to include pile driving or other impact work may be high restrictions on equipment and procedures, enough to damage existing structures.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-181 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

continuous monitoring at sensitive capabilities and this is typically considered to be a locations, and notification of neighbors. substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels.

Impact Finding Policy N-1.1 of the General Plan Update Less than significant impact with mitigation addresses noise problems and includes six action incorporated statements that would mitigate these potential impacts to a less-than-significant level. Actions N-1.1.1 and N-1.1.2 establish a City program to Would the project result in: improve noise conditions in the City by c) A substantial permanent increase in ambient monitoring and abating local noise sources, by noise levels in the project vicinity above levels coordinating its actions with other governmental existing without the project? agencies, and by increasing public input. Actions N-1.1.3 through N-1.1.6 reduce ambient noise Vehicular traffic noise is the primary noise source levels in residential and other sensitive areas by in the City today, and will continue to be so over prohibiting truck traffic and minimizing through the long term as the City builds out. Traffic noise traffic of all kinds in these areas, and by is projected to increase over the long term, as a enforcing the state’s motor vehicle noise result of increasing roadway traffic volumes from standards. Policy N-2.1, with Action N-2.1.6, will local and regional growth. ensure that noise impacts on nearby existing Noise impacts resulting from build-out of the sensitive receptors will be minimized as part of updated General Plan have been assessed by the design of new transportation facilities. comparing projected roadway noise levels to the With full implementation of these policies, the existing conditions. Table 4-35 and Table 4-36 impact of increased roadway noise over the long- compare the build-out of the General Plan to the term would be reduced to less than significant. existing condition, and provide the estimated increases in traffic noise levels that will occur throughout the City. This analysis determined Mitigation Measure that projected Year 2037 traffic volumes would None required increase roadway noise levels by more than 3 dB CNEL at properties adjacent to Pomona Rincon Impact Finding Road. Less than significant impact An increase of 3 dB is at the threshold of perception by most persons with normal hearing

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-182 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-35 – Estimated Increases in Traffic Noise Levels Adjacent to Roadways

Estimated CNEL at Estimated Right of Way Line, dB Increase in Arterial Segment Existing Future (2037)* CNEL, dB Butterfield Ranch Rd. Soquel Cyn Pkwy to Picasso Dr 68.7 70.3 1.6 Picasso Dr to Pine Ave 66.9 68.5 1.6 Pine Ave to Mystic Canyon Rd 64.5 65.9 1.5 Mystic Canyon Rd to SR-71 63.8 65.1 1.3 Central Ave. SR-71 to City Limits (East) 70.2 73.0 2.8 Chino Ave. City Limits to Rock Springs Dr 66.8 67.9 1.1 Rock Springs Dr to Eagle Cyn Dr 64.4 65.5 1.1 Eagle Canyon Dr to Peyton Dr 66.7 67.8 1.1 Peyton Dr to Emerald Way 68.6 69.7 1.1 Emerald Way to SR-71 69.0 70.1 1.1 Chino Hills Pkwy. City Limits (West) to Grand Ave 69.7 71.2 1.5 Grand Ave to Eucalyptus Ave 70.4 72.0 1.6 Eucalyptus Ave to Carbon Canyon Rd 69.8 71.3 1.5 Carbon Canyon to Peyton (SR-142) 73.6 75.1 1.6 Peyton Dr to Pipeline Ave (SR-142) 73.4 75.0 1.6 Pipeline Ave to SR-71 (SR-142) 72.6 74.0 1.4 SR-71 to City Limits (East) 67.0 69.6 2.6 Eucalyptus Ave. Rancho Hills Dr to Calle Barcelona 64.1 65.2 1.1 Calle Barcelona to Ridgeview Dr 67.1 68.2 1.1 Ridgeview Dr to Chino Hills Pkwy 66.4 67.4 1.1 Chino Hills Pkwy to Galloping Hills Rd 66.7 67.8 1.1 Peyton Dr to Pipeline Ave 69.1 70.2 1.1 Peyton Dr. Garey Ave to SR-71 69.9 72.1 2.2 SR-71 to Chino Ave 69.8 70.9 1.1 Chino Ave to Bedford Ln 69.4 70.5 1.1 Bedford Ln to Grand Ave 69.4 70.5 1.1 Grand Ave to Eucalyptus Ave 67.9 69.0 1.1 Eucalyptus Ave to Chino Hills Pkwy 68.5 69.6 1.1 Chino Hills Pkwy to Bayberry Dr 66.6 67.7 1.1 Bayberry Dr to Woodview Rd 63.3 64.4 1.1 Pipeline Ave. Eucalyptus Ave to Glen Ridge Dr 66.5 67.3 0.8 Glen Ridge Dr to Valle Vista Dr 64.1 64.9 0.8 Woodview Rd to Winged Foot Way 63.4 64.8 1.4 Winged Foot to Soquel Canyon Pkwy 66.5 67.8 1.3 Pomona Rincon Rd. South of Bird Farm Rd 63.3 66.6 3.4 Soquel Canyon Pkwy to Picasso Dr 62.7 66.1 3.4 South of Picasso Dr 64.5 67.8 3.4 Soquel Canyon Pkwy. Pipeline Ave to Pinehurst Dr 67.1 68.4 1.3 Pinehurst Dr to Elinvar Dr 68.2 69.5 1.3 Elinvar Dr to Butterfield Ranch Rd 69.1 70.3 1.2 Butterfield Ranch Rd to SR-71 70.4 73.3 2.9 *Future case with or without the project.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-183 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-36 – Estimated Increases in Traffic Noise Levels Adjacent to Freeways and Highways

Estimated CNEL at Estimated Right of Way Line, dB Increase in Arterial Segment Existing Future (2037)* CNEL, dB SR-60 West of SR-71 interchange 85.0 86.8 1.8 (Pomona Freeway) SR-71 South of SR-60 interchange 81.7 83.5 1.8 (Chino Valley Freeway) Peyton to Chino 81.2 83.3 2.1 Chino to Grand 80.7 83.0 2.3 Grand to Chino Hills 81.1 83.6 2.5 Chino Hills to Central 80.6 83.3 2.7 Central to Pine 81.1 84.0 2.9 North of Euclid Ave 80.4 82.2 1.8 SR-142 W City Limits to Rosemary Ln 73.2 74.4 1.2 (Carbon Canyon Road) Rosemary Ln to Canyon Hills Rd 70.2 71.6 1.4 Canyon Hills Rd to Chino Hills Pkwy 73.9 74.5 0.6 *Future case with or without the project.

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-184 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Would the project result in: temporary and periodic noise impacts to less than significant. d) A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity For major renovation projects and redevelopment above levels existing without the project? projects that are not subject to CEQA, the Municipal Code requires a Design Review for Construction activity for new development single-family projects and a Site Development projects will be the primary and most frequent Permit or Site Plan review for multifamily and source of temporary and periodic increases in non-residential projects. These permit processes ambient noise levels over the long term. Other provide a mechanism through which the City can sources include existing institutional uses such as review the proposed developments, identify high schools where outdoor sporting competi- unusual noise-producing construction require- tions occur and there is temporary crowd and ments and apply appropriate conditions of traffic noise, and at commercial venues where approval, including those that address construc- there may be outdoor special events that tion methods, scheduling, work hours, traffic generate noise from sources such as music, routes, staging areas, and proximity to nearby loudspeakers, and traffic. Those sources are not a noise-sensitive land uses, and impose noise result of the General Plan Update and therefore reduction restrictions, as warranted. This would are not subject to further analysis. include consideration of multiple construction Construction activities generate a range of noise projects that may be scheduled during levels and types of noise, depending on the type overlapping time frames and in the same vicinity. of construction equipment, where the activities Continued adherence to this practice will reduce are located with respect to nearby noise – impacts from temporary and periodic sensitive receptors, construction traffic routes, construction noise for projects not subject to and the hours of the day and duration of such CEQA, to less than significant. activities. Large construction sites with significant earth-moving and structural components Mitigation Measure generate the most noise, over the longest periods of time, ranging from days to weeks or months. None required Potential construction noise impacts associated with new development projects are assessed Impact Finding during the City’s environmental review process Less than significant impact for discretionary land use approvals. This is a standard planning procedure required by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and e) For a project located within an airport land the City’s local rules and procedures to use plan or, where such a plan has not been implement CEQA. Through this routine assess- adopted, within two miles of a public airport ment, potentially significant construction noise or public use airport, would the project sources and impacts can be identified, along with expose people residing or working in the measures to prevent or reduce impacts to less Project Area to excessive noise levels? than significant levels. This would include The nearest public use airport is Chino Municipal consideration of multiple construction projects Airport, which is located approximately two miles that may be scheduled during overlapping time east of the City of Chino Hills. The Chino Hills frames and in the same vicinity. Continued Airport Master Plan indicates that activities at the adherence to the City’s CEQA procedures, airport will generate a future CNEL that is less including assessment and mitigation of than 55 dB at all locations within the City. This is construction noise impacts, will reduce potential

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.10 – Noise page 4-185 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

well below the City’s noise compatibility guide- the next 20 to 30 years, as full build-out of the lines for all land uses; therefore, the impact General Plan Update occurs. As such, the would not be significant. cumulative effects of noise impacts have been fully considered. As discussed herein, the policies and actions of the updated Noise Element, f) For a project within the vicinity of a private together with continued implementation of the airstrip, would the project expose people City’s CEQA procedures, would reduce cumulative residing or working in the Project Area to impacts from increased roadway noise, land use excessive noise levels? incompatibilities, and construction activities to The General Plan Update does not specifically less than significant. authorize or prohibit the creation of a private Mitigation Measure N-1 is proposed to establish airstrip. Any proposal to develop such a land use specific vibration limits as part of the City’s would require City approval and would be subject Municipal Code and to provide further assurance to environmental impact assessment under CEQA, that construction vibration impacts are fully to examine all potential impacts, including noise assessed prior to issuance of building permits impacts associated with operation of the private and that appropriate mitigation measures are airstrip. Based on this assessment, the City would included in the construction practices, as impose measures to mitigate potentially warranted, to reduce impacts to less than significant noise impacts or may deny the project. significant. As such, cumulative impacts The impact of the General Plan Update involving associated with construction-related vibration noise from private airstrips is less than would be mitigated to less than significant levels. significant.

Mitigation Measure Mitigation Measure N-1 for potential vibration impacts None required

Impact Finding Impact Finding Less than significant impact for all noise impacts, Less than significant impact except construction-related vibration, which would be reduced to less than significant with 4.10.6 Cumulative Impacts Mitigation Measure N-1.

The preceding assessment of noise impacts in accordance with the six significance thresholds established in the CEQA Guidelines was based on potential noise impacts throughout the City, over

Section 4.10 – Noise Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-186 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

population has increased another 39.02% to

4.11 Population and Housing 66,787 persons, according to the 2000 Census. As the City reaches build-out, its population This section addresses population and housing growth has slowed substantially. According to the issues within the City of Chino Hills (City). 2010 Census, the City’s population was 74,799, a Potential Project impacts on these population and 12.0% increase over the 2000 Census count, while housing issues, and any mitigation measures surrounding jurisdictions grew between 0% and necessary to resolve impacts, are also discussed. 16%, and the County grew by over 43% for the Information referenced in this section was same period. obtained from the City of Chino Hills Community Development Department land use projections, Table 4-37 – Regional Population Growth for July 26, 2012; the United States Bureau of the Chino Hills and Surrounding Cities and County, 2000-2010 Census; the California Department of Finance Table E-5, City/County Population and Housing Population Change 2000-2010 # of Estimates 1/1/2013; and the Southern California Jurisdiction 2000 2010 Persons % Change Association of Governments. Brea 35,410 39,282 3,872 11% Chino 67,168 77,983 10,815 16% 4.11.1 Existing Conditions Chino Hills 66,787 74,796 8,009 12% Diamond Bar 56,287 55,544 -743 -1% 1. Population Pomona 149,473 149,058 -415 0% San Bernardino Co. 1,709,434 2,035,210 616,830 43.5% Current population for the City is 76,240 persons.83 Of California’s 482 cities, Chino Hills 2. Housing ranks 120 in terms of population size.84

As shown in Table 4-37, the Southern California Housing Supply region, including San Bernardino County, has The City experienced phenomenal residential been growing. Between 2000 and 2010, the growth beginning in the 1980s before its combined populations of Riverside, San incorporation, continuing through the 1990s, and Bernardino, Los Angeles, and Orange counties into the current year. The City has grown from a grew by 3,191,175 persons or 23.02%. During community with a housing stock of approximately this same period, the population in San 4,200 units in 1980 to 16,300 units in 1990, to Bernardino County increased by 616,830 persons, 20,389 in 2000,85 to 23,784 in 2012.86 Of the or 43.5%. City’s existing 23,784 units, 19,863 are single- family and 3,930 are multifamily. In comparison to surrounding jurisdictions, the City has experienced phenomenal growth since The City is nearing residential build-out. its incorporation. The City’s 1994 General Plan According to the City’s existing General Plan Land reported that in 1980 the City had a population of Use Map, there would be a total of 28,820 units 12,889, and by 1993, two years after incorpora- at build-out. The City’s existing 23,793 units tion, the population had grown to 48,041 represents 83% of existing General Plan build- persons. Since that 1993 count, the City’s out.

83 Population estimated based on current number of City dwelling units tabulated from the City’s land use inventory, and Department of Finance vacancy and household size factors. 85 2000 Census 84 Department of Finance 2012-2013 City Population 86 City General Plan Update Land Use Inventory, Numeric Change Rankings January 2013

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.11 – Population and Housing page 4-187 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

3. Jobs to Housing projections for the region and the City through 88 A balance of jobs to housing is based on the the Year 2035. As discussed in Section 4.1.25 premise that vehicle miles traveled commuting (beginning on page 4-5) of this EIR, SCAG’s long- can be reduced when sufficient jobs are available range growth projections for the City locally. Benefits of a healthy jobs-to-housing underestimate the City’s growth. As discussed in balance are reduced mobile air pollutant Section 4.1, Land Use and Planning of this EIR, the emissions and improved quality of life for workers RTP growth forecast for Chino Hills should have experiencing a shorter commute time. More jobs been based on the adopted General Plan, which is can also translate into more tax revenue for the highly similar to the proposed General Plan City. Update, with minor differences in potential housing units and non-residential square Currently, retail jobs account for 3,393 (38.7%) of footage. This discrepancy in long-range growth jobs in the City. Retail businesses generate sales forecasts will be resolved during the next update tax that supports City services and provides of the RTP, to cover the 2016-2040 planning convenient shopping opportunities for the City’s period. Pursuant to Mitigation Measure LU-1, the residents, workers, and visitors. Recent large City will coordinate with the San Bernardino commercial developments in the City have helped Associated Governments (SANBAG) and SCAG to to expand retail job growth and retail sales tax. ensure that growth forecasts for the City, based on the General Plan Update, are properly The City’s highly educated labor force is a key incorporated into regional planning programs. competitive ingredient necessary to compete for office- and technology-related employment. Nearly 41.2% of the City’s adult residents have a Regional Housing Needs Assessment bachelor’s degree or higher, and the community State law requires that jurisdictions provide their ranks among the top 17 Southern California cities fair share of regional housing needs, determined in its share of residents employed as scientists, through a process known as the Regional Housing 87 professionals, or managers. Needs Assessment (RHNA). The State of California Department of Housing and Community Develop- 4.11.2 Regulatory Framework ment (HCD) is mandated to determine the 1. Regional Policies statewide housing need. In cooperation with HCD, local governments and councils of governments The Southern California Association of (COGs) are charged with making a determination Governments (SCAG) is the region’s Metropolitan of the existing and projected housing need as a Planning Organization, and is responsible for share of the statewide housing need of their cities developing and adopting regional housing, or regions. The RHNA is periodically updated by population, and employment growth forecasts for HCD and is currently in its fifth planning cycle, local governments within the region, including which covers the period from 2014 through 2021. cities within San Bernardino County. As the region’s COG, SCAG determines the RHNA or housing growth needs by income category for SCAG Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable San Bernardino County local governments, Communities Strategy inclusive of Chino Hills. The current RHNA SCAG’s Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable allocation requires the City to provide opportunity Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS) contains growth

88 Correspondence from Jonathan Nadler, Manager, 87 Data from Nielsen Site Report, April 7 2011; and Compliance and Performance Assessment, SCAG, City of Chino Hills website, January 16, 2013 June 24, 2013; contained in Appendix B

Section 4.11 – Population and Housing Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-188 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

for the construction of 862 new dwelling units 4.11.3 Project Components Relevant to during this planning period. Of these new units, Population and Housing 108 are required to be affordable to Extremely Low income, 109 to Very Low income, 148 to Low Policies of the General Plan Update relevant to income, 164 to Moderate income, and 333 to Population and Housing are included in the Land Above Moderate income households. Use Element and the Economic Development Element. 2. Local Policies 1. Proposed Land Use Element Update City of Chino Hills Housing Element Goals, Policies, and Actions

The City adopted its fifth cycle Housing Element Within the proposed General Plan Update Land in October 2013, which was certified by the Use Element the following goals, policies, and California Department of Housing and Community actions would apply to population and housing. Development (HCD) December, 2013. The Many of these provisions are carried forward from adopted Housing Element outlines the City’s plan the existing General Plan Land Use Element, and for meeting its current RHNA obligation. The are to be updated for readability and/or to better City’s plan includes rezoning properties to allow reflect current and expected conditions. The residential densities of 30 dwelling units per acre listing below indicates which goals, policies and or greater. Pursuant to AB 2348 and subsequent actions are from existing provisions and which amendments to Housing Element law, for Chino are new: Hills, a site zoned to permit at least 30 dwelling units per acre may qualify as a housing site Goal LU-2: Balance Residential with Commercial, potentially affordable to households in the Business, and Public Land Uses [New] Extremely Low, Very Low, or Low Income ranges. Policy LU-2.1: Ensure that development of The Housing Element contains provisions to commercial and business uses are balanced with provide housing opportunities to the community. the predominantly residential character of Chino Goals of the City’s Housing Element include: Hills. [Existing Policy 3.9, modified]

• Provide a range of housing types while Policy LU-2.5: Promote land use patterns that maintaining the city's overall low density support a regional jobs/housing balance. character [Existing Objective 3-1 modified] • Maintain and enhance the quality of Action LU-2.5.1: Achieve a balance of existing residential neighborhoods commercial uses that provides for the retail, • Ensure that new housing is sensitive to business, professional, and other service the natural environment needs of City residents, and that will attract • Provide support services to meet the customers from the surrounding region. housing needs of the city's residents [New] • Promote and encourage housing opportunities for all economic segments Action LU-2.5.2: Create a broad range of of the community, regardless of age, sex, employment opportunities for Chino Hills’ ethnic background, physical condition or residents that are compatible with the family size community's residential character and the skills and education of Chino Hills' work force. [Existing Policy 3-1, modified]

Action LU-2.5.3: Concentrate major business park and commercial uses that represent a

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.11 – Population and Housing page 4-189 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

potential employment base near the Chino 4.11.4 Thresholds of Significance Valley Freeway corridor and along major Significant impacts relative to population and arterials. [Existing Policies 3-2 and 3-3, housing are evaluated in this section based on modified] Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. Implementa- Action LU-2.5.4: Continue to review, and tion of the proposed project may have a amend as necessary, the Municipal Code to significant adverse impact if it would do any of ensure that a wide range of commercial and the following: employment is available. [New] a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by Goal LU-5: Plan for Sustainable Land Uses [New] proposing new homes and businesses) or Policy LU-5.1: Promote infill, mixed use, and indirectly (for example, through extension higher density development. of roads or other infrastructure) Action LU-5.1.1: Identify sites suitable for b) Displace substantial numbers of existing mixed use development within an existing housing, necessitating the construction of urban service area and establish appropriate replacement housing elsewhere site-specific standards to accommodate the c) Displace substantial numbers of people, mixed uses. [New] necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? Action LU-5.1.2: Identify mixed use development standards that support sustainable development. [New] 4.11.5 Project Impacts

Action LU-5.1.3: Coordinate land use patterns Would the project: with transportation plans to improve and a) Induce substantial population growth in an protect air quality, and reduce vehicular trips. area, either directly or indirectly? [New] Impact Discussion Action LU-5.1.4: Plan for high density residential and mixed use development near As discussed in Section 4.11.12 (page 4-187), the commercial areas, major roadways, and City is nearing residential build-out. As shown in transit facilities. [New] Table 4-8 – Comparison of General Plan Update Development to Existing General Plan 2. Proposed Economic Development Development (page 4-18) and detailed in Table Element Update Goals, Policies and 2-3 – Comparison of General Plan Update Actions Acreage to Existing General Plan Acreages (page 2-12) of this EIR, build-out under the City’s Goal ED-1: Promote a Diversified Economic Base existing General Plan is very similar to that [Existing Major Goal 3] proposed by the General Plan Update. The Policy ED-1.2: Promote employment opportunities differences between the City’s existing and in Chino Hills. [Existing Focused Goal 3-2, proposed General Plan include a citywide increase modified] of 780 residential units to meet the City’s RHNA Action ED-1.2.1: Promote a broad range of obligation, and a decrease of 269,000 non- employment opportunities for Chino Hills’ residential square feet due to the redesignation of residents that are compatible with the a currently designated commercial property to community’s low-density residential character Very High Density Residential and the new Mixed and the skills and education of Chino Hills' Use land use designation. The 780 residential workforce. [Existing Policy 3-1, modified]

Section 4.11 – Population and Housing Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-190 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

units designated as Very High Density Residential Would the project: occur on two properties: b) Displace substantial numbers of existing 1. The Overton Moore site, with a previous housing, necessitating the construction of General Plan designation of Institutional replacement housing elsewhere? and a zoning designation of neighbor- c) Displace substantial numbers of people, hood services under a Planned Develop- necessitating the construction of replacement ment Plan, was approved by the City of housing elsewhere? Chino Hills City Council in February 2014 for a General Plan and Zoning change to allow for 331 multifamily residential Impacts Discussion units. As discussed in Section 4.1.3, Project Components Relevant to Land Use and Planning 2. The Tres Hermanos site “A,” with an (beginning on page 4-6) of this EIR, primary land existing General Plan designation of use mapping and policy changes of the General Commercial and a zoning designation of Plan Update include: General Commercial, with 449 multifamily residential units. 1. Clarify open space designations; 2. Designate sites suitable for Very High Despite these shifts between commercial and Density Residential development to satisfy residential densities, The City’s jobs-to- housing the City’s RHNA requirement; ratio is expected to remain stable under the 3. Create a new Mixed Use land use General Plan Update. By 2035, an additional designation, 4,020 jobs in the City are expected, bringing the 4. Transfer residential density between sites total jobs to 17,940. With a project 29,600 by moving unused density from existing housing units, the 2035 jobs-to-housing balance institutional sites and from the Founders would be 0.60. 89 High Density Residential site to sites The General Plan Update does not propose new suitable for Mixed Use and Agriculture/ major roadways or infrastructure improvements, Ranches designations; or creation of a new sphere of influence. 5. Convert PD zoning designations to Consequently, the land use changes that would traditional zoning consistent with existing occur under the General Plan Update respond to or planned land uses and with Measure U; requirements of state Housing Element law and 6. Permit residential clustering in would not induce substantial population growth. Agriculture/Ranches and Rural Residential sites to protect environmental and visual resources through the Site Plan Review Mitigation Measure process; None required 7. Correct land use designations for sites that have developed or are expected to Impact Finding develop at uses or densities that differ substantially from their existing General No impact Plan land use designation, and 8. Correct mapping errors.

These Land Use Element mapping and policy changes would convert the land use designation 89 San Bernardino County Local Input Growth Forecasts on three properties from a residential to a non- by Jurisdiction, SCAG, May 28, 2014

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.11 – Population and Housing page 4-191 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

residential category. Each of these three impacts also consider the effects of regional properties are already developed with an growth forecasts. Institutional use, and the land use changes are In the western San Bernardino Valley Subarea, proposed to recognize the institutional nature of which encompasses the area roughly between these sites and to transfer the units to other Yucaipa and the western county border, SANBAG currently non-residential sites. Table 4-38 projects that by 2035 the Valley Subarea will have summarizes these proposed changes. a total population of 1,945,152, a total of Table 4-38 – Proposed Land Use Map Changes 559,351 households, and a total of 852,084 from a Residential to a Non-Residential Use jobs.90 These projections represent Existing Proposed subregional increases in population of 31%, General Plan General Plan Site Existing Use Designation Designation households of 34% and jobs of 48%. B.A.P.S. Temple Religious facility Very High Density Institutional Residential Comparatively, population and household Sleepy Hollow Community center Low Density Institutional growth in the City will be slower than the Community Center Residential subregion as a whole – 24% for the City McCoy Community Community center Agriculture/Ranches Institutional Center Residential compared to 31% and 34% for the subregion. At a 56% increase, employment

growth in the City will be about 9% higher than Of the three properties listed in Table 4-38, the the 48% employment growth in the subregion. B.A.P.S. Temple has two dwelling units that are The City’s jobs-to-housing ratio at build-out of occupied by Swamis. The proposed change of the proposed General Plan Update would be land use designation to Institutional does not consistent with existing conditions. change the temple’s ability to maintain this Consequently, implementation of the General Plan housing, which is permitted under its Conditional Update would not result in cumulatively Use Permit. No demolition of residential considerable population or housing impacts. structures is proposed under the General Plan Update. Consequently, the General Plan Update would not displace existing housing or people, Mitigation Measure requiring displacement housing elsewhere. None required

Mitigation Measures Impact Finding None required No impact

Impact Finding No impact

4.11.6 Cumulative Impacts

Impact Discussion The proposed General Plan Update would not result in direct or indirect impacts to population and housing. As discussed in Section 3.9, Cumulative Impacts Setting (beginning on page 3-8) of this EIR, assessments of cumulative 90 San Bernardino Associated Governments, Data Management Office, October 2013

Section 4.11 – Population and Housing Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-192 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

stations are located within the nearby City of

4.12 Public Services Chino. The CVIFD has an administrative office facility within the City of Chino Hills Civic Center, This section of the EIR discusses existing public and a training facility in the City of Chino. A services available in the City of Chino Hills (City), description of these facilities is provided in Table and summarizes the potential impacts to existing 4-39 below. public services and the need for new or expanded services due to build-out of the proposed General Table 4-39 – Existing City of Chino Hills Fire Plan Update. The adequacy of the City’s existing Stations by Location and Major Equipment and Personnel public services (e.g., fire, police, schools, parks, and other public facilities) is also assessed. Facility Name Location Description Fire 14011 City Center Dr. The building houses the Mitigation measures are proposed to ensure Administration Chino Hills offices of the Fire Chief, adequacy of funding and timely development of Deputy Chief, Fire Marshal, new fire stations and provision of additional police Fire Prevention & Administrative Staff. and fire resources, in response to long-term Station 61 5078 Schaefer Ave. The station covers the central growth. Technical Information referenced in this Chino portion of the Fire District section was obtained from staff and websites for service area. Currently, the station houses a Paramedic the City of Chino Hills, the Chino Valley Engine Company staffed with Independent Fire District (CVIFD), the San four personnel. Station 62 5551 Butterfield Currently, the station houses Bernardino County Sheriff’s Department (SBCSD), Ranch Rd. one Paramedic Truck and the Chino Valley Unified School District Chino Hills Company staffed with four (CVUSD). personnel and one Battalion Chief. Station 63 7550 Kimball Ave. The station serves the airport 4.12.1 Existing Conditions Chino and the expanding Chino "Preserve" development in The City comprises approximately 45 square the eastern Chino area. The station houses a paramedic miles and had a 2012 population of 76,240 engine staffed with four persons.91 The existing conditions for public personnel. Station 64 16231 Canon Lane The station houses a services are discussed topically below. Chino Hills paramedic Engine, staffed with four personnel. 1. Fire Protection Station 65 12220 Ramona Ave. The station houses a Chino Paramedic Engine Company Fire protection and emergency medical services staffed with four personnel. It provides service to the for the City are provided by the CVIFD. CVIFD northern end of Chino. serves an approximately 80-square-mile area Station 66 13707 Peyton Ave. The station currently houses that includes the cities of Chino Hills and Chino, Chino Hills one Paramedic Engine Company staffed with four and surrounding unincorporated areas. Services personnel. This station provided by CVIFD include fire suppression, primarily responds to calls in emergency medical, rescue, and hazardous the northwest portion of the Fire District. materials emergency response. Station 67 5980 Riverside Drive The station houses a Chino Paramedic Engine staffed Within the City limits, three fire stations are with four personnel. manned and operated by CVIFD. Three additional Training 5092 Shaefer Ave. The Training Facility serves Facility Chino as a centralized location to conduct training for all Fire District personnel. 91 Population estimated by multiplying the California Department of Finance’s (May 2013) vacancy rate and number of persons per household by the number of housing units in the City.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.12 – Public Services page 4-193 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Within the City’s 3 stations are 12 CVIFD personnel Department’s goal of responding to all calls for on duty 24 hours per day, with 4 personnel service in less than 7:30 minutes. assigned to each station. These personnel are Police Department requests for more officers are supplemented by 21 other on-duty personnel based on service needs. During the past two located in 4 fire stations in the City of Chino. A decades since the City’s incorporation, officers minimum of two of the four personnel assigned to have been added annually based on professional each of the fire stations are paramedics, resulting judgment rather than a formulaic approach with in a minimum of 6 paramedics on duty in the City at any given time. sworn officers per capita. It is the standard practice of the City to continue to increase With a current population of 76,240, the current staffing levels as growth continues. ratio of firefighters to residents in the City is 0.16 The Police Department currently provides School firefighters per resident, and the current ratio of Resource Officers to the City’s schools under a paramedics to residents is 0.08 paramedics per Memorandum of Understanding between the City resident. In 2012, CVIFD fire stations responded and CVUSD. to 9,178 calls within the service area. Average response times were 6:46 minutes for paramedic 3. Schools services and 7:44 minutes for fire protection services.92 CVUSD provides primary and secondary public education to the cities of Chino Hills and Chino. 2. Police Protection Current ratios of students per teacher for elementary, middle and high schools in the Police protection for the City is provided by the district are listed below.94 Chino Hills Police Department, which is contracted with the San Bernardino County • Elementary: Grades K, 2, 3 – 31:1, Sheriff’s Department. The Police Department is Grades 1, 4, 5, 6 – 32:1 located at 14077 Peyton Drive within the Chino • Junior High School: Grades 7, 8 – 34:1 Hills Civic Center. • High School: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 – 35:1

Currently, the Police Department has 52 sworn As shown in Table 4-40, there are 2 public high personnel, which includes 38 deputies, schools, 2 junior high schools, and 11 elementary 4 detectives, 8 sergeants, 1 lieutenant, and schools. In addition, there is 1 private high 1 captain. The Department also has 15 civilian school, 1 private elementary through junior high personnel. The Department has a preferred school, and 1 elementary school within the City. service ratio of 1 deputy per 2,000 residents. With a current City population of 76,240 residents, the Police Department currently achieves this ratio.93

In 2012, the Police Department handled 36,694 calls for service, and obtained an average response time for all emergency calls of 3:30 minutes. This response time exceeds the

92 Information regarding existing CVIFD facilities and staffing provided by Paul Segalla, Fire Chief, September 30, 2013. 94 Information regarding CVUSD school services was 93 Information regarding police services in Chino Hills provided by Gregory J. Stachura, Assistant was provided by Robert Guillen, Captain. San Superintendent, Facilities, Planning & Operations, Bernardino County Sheriff's, August 23, 2013. CVUSD, August 29, 2013

Section 4.12 – Public Services Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-194 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-40 – Educational Facilities in Chino Hills • Multi-purpose room that can Grade accommodate banquets for over 280 Site Name Type Levels people 1 Ayala High School Public 9-12 • 2 Butterfield Ranch Elementary Public K-6 Courtyard and entry 3 Canyon Hills Junior High School Public 7-8 • Meandering walking path along Peyton 4 Chaparral Elementary Public K-6 Drive 5 Chino Hills High School Public 9-12 • Outdoor gazebo 6 Country Springs Elementary Public K-6 7 Eagle Canyon Elementary Public K-6 Primary funding for the Community Center is 8 Glenmeade Elementary Public K-6 through a 4th District Supervisor contribution and 9 Hidden Trails Elementary Public K-6 10 Gerald Litel Elementary Public K-6 Community Facilities Districts funding. The Chino 11 Alternate Education Center Public K-6 Hills Community Foundation, a nonprofit formed (formally Los Serranos Elementary) to raise funding for community improvements, 12 Oak Ridge Elementary Public K-6 raised additional money for the Community 13 Rolling Ridge Elementary Public K-6 14 Townsend Junior High School Public 7-8 Center through a brick purchase program 15 Wickman Elementary Public K-6 whereby persons or groups purchase a brick that 16 Boys Republic High School Private 9-12 then gets engraved with the contributor’s name 17 Chino Hills Christian School Private K-6 and installed in the front entry walkway of the 18 Loving Savior of the Hills Lutheran Church Private Pre K-8 Center. Funds raised through this program were used to fund the interior furnishings for the new 4. Parks Community Center. Parks and recreation facilities in the City include 40 parks with a total of approximately 300 acres 5. Other Public Facilities of parkland. Facilities within the parks include The Chino Hills Civic Center serves as the natural open spaces, community buildings, lakes, governmental core for the City. This area includes streams, sports courts and fields, passive areas, City Hall, CVIFD administrative offices, the Police playgrounds, a skate park, an equestrian center, Department building, and the James S. Thalman and equestrian staging areas. Figure 4-18 Chino Hills Public Library, which is a branch of the presents a map that identifies the location of each San Bernardino County library system. park, and Table 4-41 describes the size and features of each park and recreation facility within 4.12.2 Regulatory Framework the City. 1. Fire A new Chino Hills Community Center was recently constructed at 14250 Peyton Drive. The Chino Valley Independent Fire District Master Community Center is approximately 17,000 Plan square feet and includes: The Master Plan, adopted July 11, 2012, outlines • Fitness/dance room CVIFD current organization and existing services, • Exercise room and identifies future facility needs. It defines the • Game room Mission Statement for the CVIFD as follows: to • Conference rooms protect the lives and property of the community • Multi-use areas from detrimental effects of fires, medical emergencies and other hazardous conditions.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.12 – Public Services page 4-195 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Source: City of Chino Hills Parks, Recreation & Open Space Master Plan Update, 2007 Figure 4-18 – Existing Recreational Facilities in Chino Hills

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.12 – Public Services page 4-196 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-41 – Inventory of Existing Recreational Facilities in Chino Hills # Name Street Location Acres Amenities 1 Alterra 4921 Soquel Canyon Pkwy. Soquel Canyon Pkwy. & Slate Dr. 3.7 Restrooms, tot lot, picnic tables, BBQ, 1 half-court basketball, gazebo area 2 Autumn Hill 2119 Civic Center Drive Chino Hills Pkwy. & Civic Center Dr. 1.2 Picnic tables, par course 3 Big League Dreams Sports 16333 Fairfield Ranch Rd. Fairfield Ranch Rd. & Danbury 34 For information call 909-597-9389 Park 4 Butterfield 17671 Mystic Canyon Rd. Mystic Canyon Dr. & Butterfield Ranch 13.5 Restrooms, tot lot, gazebo area*, 1 full-court basketball Road 5 Calle San Marcos 2659 Norte Vista Dr. Norte Vista & Eagle Canyon 3.2 Tot lot, 1 full-court basketball, volleyball, picnic tables 6 Chino Hills Community Park 3280 Eucalyptus Dr. Peyton Dr. & Eucalyptus Dr. 33 Snack bar, restrooms, picnic tables, BBQ, 6 lighted multi-use athletic fields 7 Chino Hills Skate Park 16333 Fairfield Ranch Rd. Fairfield Ranch Rd. & Danbury 7,150 sf Pools, rails, ramps. 8 Chino Hills State Park Entrance at Elinvar and Sapphire 13,000 For information call 909-780-6222 9 Cinnamon 15580 Linden Ln. S. Willow Ln. & E. Linden Ct. 4.2 Tot lot, picnic tables, volleyball 10 Founders Recreation 2000 Founders Avenue Founders Dr. & Civic Center Drive Community Building 5 community rooms, kitchen, & restrooms Community Building 11 Coral Ridge 1999 Avenida Cabrillo Eucalyptus & Avenida Cabrillo 6.3 Restrooms, tot lot, picnic tables (2 covered), 1 half-court basketball, four lighted 12 Covington 15138 Monterey Ave. Monterey Ave. & Brookview Ct. 0.53 Tot lot, picnic tables 13 Crossroads 2765 Chino Hills Pkwy. Chino Hills Pkwy. & Eucalyptus (Park) 12.8 Restrooms, tot lot, picnic tables, 1 full-court basketball, par course, 2 tennis 14 Danbury Park 15701 Fairfield Ranch Rd. Fairfield Ranch Rd. & Danbury 5.7 2 tot lots, gazebo area, 1 full-court basketball, BBQ, picnic tables 15 English Springs Park 2201 Grand Avenue Grand Avenue & Chino Hills Pkwy. 8.2 Restrooms, tot lot, picnic tables, 2 half-court basketball, volleyball, BBQ, 3 gazebo areas 16 Eucalyptus Nature Park 3565 Valley Vista Dr. Shantung Ave. & Valley Vista Dr. 7.5 Par course, paved trail 17 Fairfield Ranch 16333 Fairfield Ranch Rd. Fairfield Ranch Rd. & Stanfield Ct. 5.5 Restrooms, tot lot, gazebo area, 1 full-court basketball, baseball field, BBQ, 18 Glenmeade 15055 Oakwood Ln. Glenwood Way. & Oakwood Av. 3.2 Tot lot, volleyball, picnic tables, BBQ 19 Grand Avenue Park 1301 Grand Avenue Grand Ave. & Pleasant Hill 12 Community Bldg. (2 rooms) , snack bar, restrooms, age specific playgrounds, 20 Hickory Creek Nature Park 15445 Hickory Creek Ln. Hickory Ln. & Rolling Ridge Dr. 7.4 Par course, paved trail 21 Hidden Hills 2000 Rancho Hills Dr. Rancho Hills & Avenida Hacienda 3.6 Restrooms, tot lot, picnic tables, 2 half-court basketball, BBQ 22 Hilltop 15234 Pine Ln. Pine Ct., North of Glenridge Drive 6.4 tot lot, picnic tables 23 Hollow Run Nature Park 15959 Peyton Dr. Peyton Dr., North of Autumn Ave. 12.7 Picnic tables, paved trail 24 Hunters Hill 6070 Natalie Rd. Hunters Hill Rd. & Natalie Dr. 5 Playground, Restrooms, 2 half-court basketball, baseball/soccer fields, picnic 25 McCoy Equestrian Center 14676 Peyton Dr. Peyton Dr. 20 2 lighted arenas, restrooms, community center 26 Meadows Park 6266 Butterfield Ranch Rd. Along Butterfield Ranch Road 9.5 Trail and benches

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.12 – Public Services page 4-197 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

# Name Street Location Acres Amenities 27 Morningfield Park 13250 Lost Trail Dr. Morningfield and Lost Trail 0.5 Tot lot, picnic tables, BBQ 28 Morningside 15259 Morningside Dr. Frost Ave. & Montrose Ct. 3.5 Picnic Tables 29 Mystic Canyon 6424 Mystic Canyon Dr. Mystic Canyon Dr. & Via La Cresta 2.6 Community Bldg., tot lot, 2 half-court basketball 30 Oakridge 15444 Valle Vista Dr. Valle Vista Dr., West of Oakview Ln. 3.7 Tot lot, picnic tables, soccer/football fields, trailhead 31 Overlook 2861 Woodview Rd. Peyton Dr. & Woodview Rd. 1.5 Picnic tables, BBQ 32 Rincon 16202 Pinehurst Dr. Elinvar Dr. & Soquel Canyon Pkwy. 6 Restrooms, tot lot, 1 half-court court basketball, picnic tables, BBQ 33 Skyview 3200 Olympic View Dr. Olympic View Dr., East of Peyton Dr. 5.1 Tot lot, picnic tables, 1 half-court basketball, volleyball 34 Sleepy Hollow Community 16801 Rosemary Ln. Carbon Cyn Road, Rosemary Ln. 1 community room, 1 conference room, restrooms Building 35 Strickling Nature Park 3670 Aspen Ln. Aspen Ln., North of Valle Vista Ln. 13.1 Tot lot, 54 foot slide, paved trail 36 Sunset 1510 Rancho Hills Dr. Rancho Hills & Vista Dorada 3.5 Restrooms, tot lot, picnic tables, BBQ 37 Sycamore Glenn 1952 Sycamore Glenn Sycamore Glenn & Deerbrook Ln. 0.5 Tot lot, picnic tables 38 Terrace 1531 Morning Terrace Dr. Morning Terrace Dr. & 2.1 Tot lot, picnic tables, 2 half-court basketball East Pleasant Hill Dr. 39 Torrey Pines 5011 Torrey Pines Dr. Torrey Pines Dr. & Country Club Dr. 1.5 Restrooms, horse staging area, gazebo area 40 Valle Vista 15636 Valle Vista Dr. Valle Vista Dr., West of Peyton Dr. 1.7 Tot lot, picnic tables, BBQ 41 Vellano 16321 Aviano Ln. Woodview Rd. & Aviano Ln. 3.75 Restrooms, tot lot, picnic tables, 1 full-court basketball, tennis courts, BBQ, gazebo area 42 Crossroads 14877 Eucalyptus Chino Hills Pkwy. & Eucalyptus Restrooms, par course (Concerts) 43 Walnut Creek Nature Park 14214 Walnut Creek Dr. Walnut Creek Dr. & Village Center Dr. 4.1 Trail 44 Western Hills 16230 Canon Ln. Carbon Canyon Rd. & Canon Ln. 1.3 Tot lot, picnic tables horse staging area

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.12 – Public Services page 4-198 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

2. Police Quimby funds, providing acreage/ population standards and formulas for determining the California Penal Code exaction, and indicating that the exactions must The California Penal Code establishes the basis be closely tied to a project’s impacts. Local for the application of criminal law in California. ordinances must now include definite standards for determining the proportion of the subdivision Chino Hills Municipal Code to be dedicated and the amount of the fee to be paid. The City has a Quimby Fund as well as a The Municipal Code establishes regulations Parks Facilities Fee to fund parks construction. related to arrests and citations, penalties, and health and safety. Community Facilities District 3. Schools The Community Facilities Act (more commonly known as Mello-Roos) was enacted by the Assembly Bill 2926 California Legislature in 1982. The Act enabled To assist in providing facilities to serve students Community Facilities Districts (CFDs) to be generated by new development projects, the state established by local government agencies as a passed Assembly Bill 2926 (AB 2926) in 1986. means of obtaining community funding. This bill allows school districts to collect Counties, cities, special districts, joint powers standardized impact fees from developers of new authorities, and school districts use these residential and commercial/industrial building financing districts to pay for public works and space prior to issuance of building permits. Part some public services such as community centers of this bill establishes these standard fees as a and parks. The City has ten CFDs that provide sufficient mitigation measure to offset impacts on funding for such projects. public school facilities in the CEQA process. Development impact fees were also referenced in Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Master Plan the 1987 Leroy Greene Lease-Purchase Act, which required school districts to contribute a matching for the City of Chino Hills share of project costs for construction, The Parks, Recreation & Open Space Master Plan modernization, or reconstruction. is the City’s implementation program for acquisition, development, and use of future park 4. Parks and recreation facilities and programs. Quimby Act Trails Element or Trails Master Plan Originally passed in 1975, the Quimby Act (California Government Code §66477) allows The Trails Master Plan is the City’s guide for the cities and counties to pass ordinances requiring planning, development, maintenance, and use of that developers set aside land, donate conserva- the City's trails network. tion easements, or pay fees for park improvements. This act allows local agencies to establish Chapter 16.18 of the Municipal Code – ordinances requiring developers of residential Recreation and Open Space District subdivisions to provide impact fees for land and/or recreational facilities. Revenues generated The recreation and open space (OS) district is through the Quimby Act cannot be used for the established to provide public open space areas operation and maintenance of park facilities. In for active and passive recreational use. This zone 1982, the act was substantially amended, further district applies to public open space lands that defining acceptable uses of or restrictions on have been acquired in fee ownership by the City

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.12 – Public Services page 4-199 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

or other public agency, and includes public Action S-3.1.2: Provide police services that recreational facilities and passive parks, as well as are responsive to citizens’ needs to ensure a the Chino Hills State Park. safe and secure environment for people and property in the community. [New] 4.12.3 Project Components Relevant to Public Services 4.12.4 Thresholds of Significance The City’s existing Parks, Recreation and Open Significant impacts relative to public services are Space Element of the General Plan was updated evaluated in this section based on Appendix G of and adopted in 2008. It is considered to be the CEQA Guidelines, as follows: sufficient to address the City’s long-range needs. a) Would the project result in substantial A new update is not being proposed at this time adverse physical impacts associated with and is not included in the General Plan Update the provision of new or physically altered project. Because the City is nearing build-out, the governmental facilities, need for new or need for new educational facilities has not been physically altered government facilities, identified by CVUSD or the City, and consequently the construction of which would cause the General Plan Update does not contain policies significant environmental impacts, in specific to planning for future school sites. order to maintain acceptable service Policies of the General Plan Update relevant to ratios, response times or other Public Services address fire and police services performance objectives for any of these and are included in the Safety Element. public services: Fire protection? Police protection? Schools? Parks? Other public 1. Proposed Safety Element Update Goals, Policies and Actions facilities?

Pursuant to §65302(g) of the California Govern- 4.12.5 Project Impacts ment Code, the Safety Element addresses fire and police services. Within the proposed General Plan a) Would the project result in substantial Update Safety Element, the following goals, adverse physical impacts associated with the policies, and actions would apply to fire and provision of new or physically altered police services. The goals, policies, and actions governmental facilities, need for new or listed below are new provisions that do not physically altered government facilities, the appear in the City’s existing General Plan Safety construction of which would cause significant Element. environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or Goal S-3: Achieve Adequate Emergency Service other performance objectives for any of these [New] public services: Fire protection? Police Policy S-3.1: Ensure that new development has protection? Schools? Parks? Other public sufficient fire protection, police, and emergency facilities? medical services available. [New]

Action S-3.1.1: Require the review of Impact Discussion development proposals to determine impacts Growth projections for the proposed General Plan on emergency services and ensure Update were prepared by the City of Chino Hills developments meet appropriate safety Community Development Department. These standards. [New] projections indicate that the City population will grow from a current population of 76,240 to a

Section 4.12 – Public Services Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-200 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

build-out population of 94,895, which is an and staffing would remain unchanged under increase of 18,655 persons or 24%. The change to the proposed General Plan Update. General Plan build-out will be incremental, based Mitigation Measure PS-1 is recommended for on economic and market factors, and will result in inclusion in the General Plan Update to ensure public service demand increases over the next 20 that the need for new fire stations is years. considered during the review for new development in the vicinity of the proposed locations Fire Protection of the stations at Woodview Avenue and CVIFD indicates its desired ratio is 0.93 Pipeline, Eucalyptus west of Chino Hills firefighters per resident and 0.47 paramedics Parkway, and possibly Grand Avenue. Because per resident, and desired response time is no funding source for the construction or within 6:00 minutes for 90% of the calls.95 To operation of the stations is currently accommodate build-out development under identified, Mitigation Measure PS-2 will require the City’s existing General Plan, CVIFD coordination of future fire facilities with estimates that two additional stations in the funding sources. This measure would direct city will be needed with the possibility of an the City to work with CVIFD to plan for additional one station near the western environmental impacts associated with boundary of the City depending on develop- development of a new fire station. Environ- ment in the Tres Hermanos area along Grand mental impacts would be analyzed during the Avenue. site-specific planning and design phase of each new station, including identification of Sites for two of future fire stations were mitigation measures that may be warranted to identified by CVIFD in its 2012 Master Plan. avoid significant impacts. These sites are Woodview Avenue and Pipeline, and Eucalyptus west of Chino Hills Mitigation Measures Parkway. The potential third fire station along Grand Avenue is not identified in the Master PS-1 The City shall coordinate with the Chino Plan. To equip and staff these stations, the Valley Independent Fire District (CVIFD) Master Plan identifies one engine and four during the development review process firefighter/paramedic personnel per station. for properties in the vicinity of the stations proposed at Woodview Avenue As discussed previously in this EIR, the and Pipeline, Eucalyptus west of Chino differences between the proposed General Hills Parkway, and possibly Grand Avenue. Plan Update and the existing General Plan are If CVIFD demonstrates through the project very moderate and include an increase of 780 planning and environmental review residential units to meet the City’s RHNA process that a fire station site is needed, obligation, and a decrease of 269,000 non- City staff shall work with CVIFD and the residential square feet due to the redesigna- project developer to identify and secure tion of a currently designated commercial an appropriate site. property to the new Mixed Use land use designation. Consequently, CVIFD’s projection PS-2 The City shall work with Chino Valley for two or three new fire stations, equipment, Independent Fire District (CVIFD) to evaluate future facility needs and identify potential funding sources for identified 95 Information regarding future CVIFD facilities and facilities and personnel. This information staffing provided by Paul Segalla, Fire Chief, shall be incorporated as deemed September 30, 2013.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.12 – Public Services page 4-201 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

appropriate by the City into future City has been experiencing declining enrollment contracts with CVIFD, the City capital of approximately 500 students per year for improvement program process, develop- the past few years. This trend is expected to ment impact fees, conditions of approval continue for a few more years. At this time, and project development agreements. with plenty of enrollment capacity, no future school facility needs are anticipated.

Impact Finding CVUSD currently relies on Measure M funding Less than significant with mitigation incorporated for maintenance and modernization of facilities and equipment. Measure M is a Police Protection general obligation bond approved by Chino Valley Unified School District voters on Police services are funded through the City’s March 5, 2002. The Measure resulted in the General Funds. Based on the current police issuance of $150 million of bonds for the service ratio of 1 deputy per 2,000 residents, construction of new schools and renovation of the Chino Hills Police Department will need existing school sites within the District. As approximately 10 additional deputies at City the Measure M general obligation bond winds build-out. To accommodate the additional down, CVUSD indicates that another general personnel, the Department would need the obligation bond may be necessary to keep up addition of three marked units and one with repairs and modernizations. This need unmarked unit to the vehicle fleet. The existing relates to the aging of existing facilities and police station facility is adequate to support the the changes in technology. Build-out added personnel. pursuant to the General Plan is not expected to result in substantial adverse physical Mitigation Measure PS-3 is proposed to ensure impacts associated with school facilities. that adequate funding is available for future police service needs, to be determined regularly, as part of the City annual budget Mitigation Measure process. None

Mitigation Measure Impact Finding PS-3 As part of the annual City budget process, Less than significant the City shall work with the City of Chino Hills Police Department to assess and Parks accommodate Department personnel and vehicle needs as the City determines are Parks and recreational facilities within the City necessary. have been planned and developed in accordance with the City’s Parks, Recreation, Impact Finding and Open Space Master Plan, which is the City’s implementation program for Less than significant with mitigation incorporated acquisition, development, and use of future parks and recreation facilities and programs. Schools The current Master Plan was updated and subsequently adopted in May 2007. Its The City is nearing build-out. Growth related recommendations were based on information to the General Plan Update is expected to obtained during an extensive community- increase the number of residential units in the driven planning process, which included City by 780 over a period of 20 years. CVUSD

Section 4.12 – Public Services Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-202 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

citizen participation through a series of existing General Plan build-out. community workshops and a formal Consequently, build-out pursuant to the telephone survey. General Plan Update is not expected to result in substantial adverse physical impacts The City funds these planned facilities associated with other public facilities. through a combination of a City Parks and Recreation fee and Quimby fees, developer contributions, grants, General Fund, Mitigation Measure Community Facilities District (CFD) and other None City funding sources.

The proposed General Plan Update will add Impact Finding 780 residential units. As these developments No impact come forward, they will be required to contribute their fair share of Parks and 4.12.6 Cumulative Impacts Recreation Fees and Quimby fees. The future parks and recreation facilities already Impact Discussion identified in the City’s Parks, Recreation, and Chino Hills is nearing build-out, and the Open Space Master Plan would be sufficient to proposed General Plan Update proposes only meet the needs of the additional residents. moderate changes to future land uses that would Build-out pursuant to the General Plan Update result in an insignificant long-term increase in would not result in substantial adverse the potential number of housing units and thus physical impacts associated with park an insignificant long-term increase in the citywide facilities. population potential. Conformity with proposed General Plan Update provisions and Mitigation Measure recommended Mitigation Measures PS-1, PS-2, None and PS-3 would reduce cumulative impacts of citywide growth to less than significant levels.

Impact Finding Mitigation Measure Less than significant None Other Public Facilities Impact Finding The Civic Center was completed in 2008. It was developed and sized to serve the City Less than significant with mitigation incorporated through its build-out and future. No

additional public facilities needs are identified by the City. The General Plan Update proposes only moderate changes to the

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.12 – Public Services page 4-203

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

cities and counties to pass ordinances requiring

4.13 Recreation that developers set aside land, donate conservation easements, or pay fees for park improve- This section of the EIR discusses existing ments. This act allows local agencies to establish recreational facilities available in the City of Chino ordinances requiring developers of residential Hills (City), and summarizes the potential impacts subdivisions to provide impact fees for land to existing recreational facilities and the need for and/or recreational facilities. Revenues generated new or expanded recreational facilities due to through the Quimby Act cannot be used for the substantial physical deterioration of existing operation and maintenance of park facilities. In facilities related to build-out of the proposed 1982, the Act was substantially amended, further General Plan Update. The adequacy of the City’s defining acceptable uses of or restrictions on existing recreational facilities (e.g., neighborhood Quimby funds, providing acreage/population parks, regional parks, and other recreational standards and formulas for determining the facilities) is also assessed. When required, exaction, and indicating that the exactions must appropriate mitigation measures are be closely tied to a project’s impacts. Local recommended. Technical information referenced ordinances must now include definite standards in this section was obtained from the City of for determining the proportion of the subdivision Chino Hills Parks, Recreation, and Open Space to be dedicated and the amount of the fee to be Master Plan and the existing Parks, Recreation paid. and Open Space General Plan Element.

4.13.1 Existing Conditions Community Facilities District The Community Facilities Act (more commonly The City currently has 284 acres of public known as Mello-Roos) was enacted by the parkland, which is made up of 44 parks (Figure California Legislature in 1982. The Act enabled 4-18 – Existing Recreational Facilities in Chino Community Facilities Districts (CFDs) to be Hills, page 4-196). A new 17,000-square-foot established by local government agencies as a City community center was recently completed. It means of obtaining community funding. contains a fitness/dance room, an exercise room, Counties, cities, special districts, joint powers a game room, conference rooms, multi-use areas, authorities, and school districts use these a banquet hall that can accommodate parties of financing districts to pay for public works and 280, a courtyard and entry, walking paths, and an some public services such as community centers outdoor gazebo. Next to the community center is and parks. another City facility, McCoy Equestrian Center, which once housed the renowned McCoy Arabian horse ranch. Today, the McCoy Center provides a Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Master Plan variety of community amenities, including horse for the City of Chino Hills rink and stables, a 2,785-square-foot barn with The Parks. Recreation & Open Space Master Plan kitchen, indoor dining, and patio, and the former is the City’s implementation program for McCoy Residence also functions as a community acquisition, development, and use of future park facility with kitchen and banquet facilities. and recreation facilities and programs.

4.13.2 Regulatory Framework Trails Element or Trails Master Plan 1. Quimby Act The Trails Master Plan is the City’s guide for the Originally passed in 1975, the Quimby Act planning, development, maintenance, and use of (California Government Code §66477) allows the City's trails network.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.13 – Recreation page 4-205 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 16.18 of the Municipal Code – 4.13.5 Project Impacts Recreation and Open Space District a) Would the project increase the use of existing The recreation and open space (OS) district is neighborhood and regional parks or other established to provide public open space areas recreational facilities such that substantial for active and passive recreational use. This zone physical deterioration of the facility would district applies to public open space lands which occur or be accelerated? have been acquired in fee ownership by the City or other public agency, and includes public Impact Discussion recreational facilities and passive parks, as well as Parks and recreational facilities within the City the Chino Hills State Park. have been planned and developed in accordance with the City of Chino Hills Parks, Recreation, and 4.13.3 Project Components Relevant to Open Space Master Plan, which is the City’s Recreation implementation program for acquisition, development, and use of future parks and As discussed in Section 4.12, Public Services recreation facilities and programs. The City funds (beginning on page 4-193) of this EIR, the City’s these planned facilities through a combination of existing Parks, Recreation and Open Space City Parks and Recreation fee and Quimby fees, Element of the General Plan was updated and developer contributions, grants, General Fund, adopted in 2008. A new update is not being Community Facilities District (CFD) and other City proposed at this time and is not included in the funding sources. General Plan Update project. Consequently, project goals, policies, and actions do not The proposed General Plan Update will add 780 address Recreation. residential units. As these developments come forward, they will be required to contribute their 4.13.4 Thresholds of Significance fair share of Parks and Recreation Fees and Quimby fees. Build-out pursuant to the General Significant impacts relative to recreation services Plan Update is not expected to result in are evaluated in this section based on Appendix G substantial adverse physical impacts associated of the CEQA Guidelines. Implementation of the with parks facilities. proposed project may have a significant adverse impact if it would the following: Mitigation Measure a) Would the project increase the use of None existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the Impact Finding facility would occur or be accelerated? Less than significant b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities, which might have an adverse effect on the environment?

Section 4.13 – Recreation Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-206 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

b) Does the project include recreational facilities 4.13.6 Cumulative Impacts or require the construction or expansion of Impact Discussion recreational facilities, which might have an adverse effect on the environment? Chino Hills is nearing build-out, and the proposed General Plan Update proposes only Impact Discussion moderate changes to future land uses and does As discussed above, an update to the Parks, not include specific new recreational facilities or Recreation, and Open Space Element of the expansion of an existing recreational facility. No General Plan is not included in the Project. No cumulative impacts relative to recreational specific new recreational facilities or expansion of facilities are identified. an existing recreational facility are proposed as part of the General Plan Update. Mitigation Measure None Mitigation Measure None Impact Finding Less than significant Impact Finding

Less than significant

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.13 – Recreation page 4-207

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.14 Transportation/Traffic Functional Classifications of Roadway System Functional classification is the process by which This section addresses issues related to the streets and highways are grouped into classes, or performance of the streets and highway network systems, according to the character of traffic in the City of Chino Hills (City), in terms of service they are intended to provide. There are handling increased vehicular traffic due to three main highway functional classifications: continued growth and eventual build-out in arterial, collector, and local roads. All streets and accordance with the updated General Plan. It also highways are grouped into one of these classes, discusses issues involving alternative modes of depending on the character of the traffic (i.e., travel, emergency access, roadway hazards, and local or long distance) and the degree of land the absence of any impacts involving air traffic. access they allow. There are further stratifications within these three basic functional systems to The information concerning the characteristics ensure greater adaptability. and performance of the existing circulation network and the analysis of impacts on the The Chino Hills Roadway Plan categorizes network is condensed from the Traffic Impact citywide streets in the City using the same Study for the Transportation & Circulation classifications found in the California Road Element for the Chino Hills General Plan Update,” System (CRS), a database of maps maintained by prepared by Minagar & Associates, Inc. for the the United States Department of Transportation City of Chino Hills. The complete Traffic Impact (USDOT/FHWA) and the California Department of Study is provided as Appendix I of this EIR. Transportation (Caltrans) which contain the official functional classification of roads in the 4.14.1 Existing Conditions State of California. The sub-categorizations defined in the City of Chino Hills Roadway Plan 1. Existing Transportation System and Traffic Conditions are described in brief below and include Principal Arterial, Minor Arterial, Collector, and Local The City owns and operates various traffic signals Street. on street intersections throughout the city. Given the competing traffic flows on intersecting Principal Arterial System roadways, traffic signals (and sign controls) assign right of way to motorists traveling in This system of streets and highways is the conflicting directions. This requires that traffic urban principal arterial system and should movements be delayed on an alternate basis, serve the major centers of activity of a while the traffic on the intersecting street is metropolitan area, the highest traffic volume allowed to flow. Therefore, signal- and stop- corridors, and the longest trip desires; and controlled intersections are generally the most should carry a high proportion of the total critical elements affecting a roadway system's urban area travel on a minimum of mileage. capacity. The most critical time periods occur The system should be integrated, both when traffic flow reaches peak volume. This internally and between major rural generally happens during the morning and connections. The principal arterial system evening commute periods of 7:00 to 9:00 a.m. should carry the major portion of trips and 4:00 to 6:00 p.m. The traffic impact study entering and leaving the urban area, as well was therefore based on an analysis of major as the majority of through movements street intersections during critical traffic hours desiring to bypass the central city. occurring within these weekday peak periods. In addition, significant intra-area travel, such as between central business districts and

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-209 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

outlying residential areas between major inner arterials through the area to the ultimate city communities, or between major suburban destination. Conversely, the collector street centers, should be served by this system. also collects traffic from local streets in Frequently, the principal arterial system will residential neighborhoods and channels it carry important intra-urban as well as intercity into the arterial system. In the central bus routes. Finally, this system in small urban business district, and in other areas of like and urbanized areas should provide continuity development and traffic density, the collector for all rural arterials which intercept the urban system may include the street grid that forms boundary. a logical entity for traffic circulation.

Minor Arterial Street System Local Street System The minor arterial street system should The local street system comprises all facilities interconnect with and augment the urban not on one of the higher systems. It serves principal arterial system and provide service to primarily to provide direct access to abutting trips of moderate length at a somewhat lower land and access to the higher order systems. level of travel mobility than principal arterials. It offers the lowest level of mobility and This system also distributes travel to usually contains no bus routes. Service to geographic areas smaller than those identified through traffic movement usually is with the higher system. The minor arterial deliberately discouraged. street system includes all arterials not classified as a principal and contains facilities that place Description of Existing Major Roadways in more emphasis on land access than the higher Chino Hills system, and offer a lower level of traffic mobility. Such facilities may carry local bus • Peyton Drive is a north-south divided arterial, routes and provide intra-community continuity, with six lanes (three per direction) from SR-71 but ideally should not penetrate identifiable to Eucalyptus Avenue and two lanes (one per neighborhoods. direction) from Eucalyptus Avenue to Chino Hills Parkway. Peyton Drive is classified as This system should include urban connections Principal Arterial with a raised median north of to rural collector roads where such Eucalyptus Avenue, and as a Minor Arterial with connections have not been classified as urban a painted centerline south of Eucalyptus principal arterials. The spacing of minor Avenue to Woodview Road. On-street parking arterial streets may vary from one-eighth to is prohibited along Peyton Drive. one-half mile in the central business district to two to three miles in the suburban fringes, The City recently completed Phase II of a but should normally be not more than one roadway widening project that expanded mile in fully developed areas. Peyton Drive from four to six lanes from Eucalyptus Avenue to Boys Republic/ English Road. The southbound approach to the Collector (Major/Minor) Street System intersection of Peyton Drive and Eucalyptus is The collector street system provides land temporarily striped to channelize the existing access service and traffic circulation within three through-lanes of traffic into a single lane residential neighborhoods and commercial to accommodate the narrowing roadway south and industrial areas. It differs from the of Eucalyptus Avenue. Class 2 bike lanes are arterial system in that facilities on the provided along each side of Peyton Drive collector system may penetrate residential between Rock Springs Drive and Eucalyptus neighborhoods, distributing trips from the

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-210 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Avenue, and between Chino Hills Parkway and owned portion of Chino Hills Parkway from the Woodview Road. north city limit to Carbon Canyon Road. Class 2 bike lanes are also provided on the north side • Grand Avenue is classified as a Minor Arterial of Chino Hills Parkway from Peyton Drive to from west city limits to Peyton Drive, and as a Cherry Drive, and on the south side of Chino Principal Arterial from Peyton Drive to SR-71. Hills Parkway from Peyton Drive to Rolling Grand Avenue is a divided roadway with a Ridge Drive. raised median, and provides east-west travel through the City from SR-71 to the west city • Pipeline Avenue is classified as a two-lane limit. Grand Avenue has four lanes (two per Collector south of Chino Hills Parkway to direction) west of Peyton Drive and six lanes Soquel Canyon Parkway, and as a four-lane (three per direction) east of Peyton Drive to SR- Minor Arterial north of Chino Hills Parkway to 71. Class 2 bike lanes are provided along each its north end where the roadway alignment side of Grand Avenue between the west city Pipeline Avenue turns west and becomes limit and Peyton Drive. On-street parking is Eucalyptus Avenue. The majority of Pipeline prohibited on Grand Avenue. Avenue provides two undivided travel lanes, one in each direction, with short four-lane • Eucalyptus Avenue is an undivided Collector segments provided at Glen Ridge Drive 600’ oriented east-west in the City. Eucalyptus northerly, and at Chino Hills Parkway 1,000’ Avenue has two lanes (one per direction) from southerly. On-street parking on Pipeline Pipeline Avenue to its westerly terminus. Avenue is prohibited. Class 2 bike lanes are provided along each side of Eucalyptus Avenue from west of Peyton Drive • Soquel Canyon Parkway is a two- to six-lane to Chino Hills Parkway. On-street parking is divided highway, oriented east-west in the City allowed on the north side of Eucalyptus Avenue of Chino Hills from SR- 71 to approximately east of Peyton Drive in front of the school. one-third mile west of Pipeline Avenue. From Parking is also allowed on the south side of its westerly termination point to Pipeline Eucalyptus Avenue from Peyton Drive to the Avenue, Soquel Canyon Parkway is a two-lane east city limit. Collector with raised medians and left-turn lanes. From Pipeline Avenue to the east city • Chino Hills Parkway is a four- to six-lane limit, Soquel Canyon Parkway is designated as a divided highway oriented primarily east-west Principal Arterial with six travel lanes (three per through the City from north city limit through direction), with raised medians and left-turn the City’s eastern boundary. Chino Hills lanes. Class 2 bike lanes are provided along Parkway is classified as a Minor Arterial west of each side of Soquel Canyon Parkway from west Carbon Canyon Road, and as a State Route east of Pipeline Avenue to Butterfield Ranch Road. of Carbon Canyon Road. Four travel lanes are On-street parking on Soquel Canyon Parkway is provided along the length of Chino Hills prohibited. Parkway, except for a six-lane (three lanes per direction) segment between Pipeline Avenue • Butterfield Ranch Road is four- to six-lane and SR-71. Chino Hills Parkway has raised Principal Arterial with a north-south alignment medians along the majority of its length, with from Soquel Canyon Parkway to SR-71 in the several painted medians provided between City. At its north end, Butterfield Ranch Road Grand Avenue and Eucalyptus Drive, as well as becomes Los Serranos Country Club Drive, a several two-way left-turn lanes between Peyton two-lane Collector to the north of Soquel Drive and Pipeline Avenue. On-street parking is Canyon Parkway. From Soquel Canyon Parkway prohibited on Chino Hills Parkway. Class 2 bike to Pine Avenue, six travel lanes on Butterfield lanes are provided along each side of the City- Ranch Road are provided with a raised median

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-211 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

divider. South of Pine Avenue, four travel lanes • Woodview Road is two-lane undivided Collector are provided and separated by various raised in the City, oriented east-west from its westerly center medians, painted center medians, and terminus at the Vellano Country Club to its striped centerlines. Class 2 bike lanes are easterly terminus at Pipeline Avenue. A double provided along each side of Butterfield Ranch yellow centerline is provided along the majority Road, and on-street parking is prohibited. of Woodview Road, with a painted median between Versante Terrace and Venezia Terrace • Chino Avenue provides east-west travel for a distance of approximately one-third mile. through the City. It is classified as a four-lane On-street parking on Woodview Road is Minor Arterial from Peyton Drive to its westerly prohibited. terminus, and as a six-lane Principal Arterial east of Peyton Drive to SR-71. To the west of Peyton Drive, Chino Avenue provides four lanes Study Intersections Selected for Traffic Analysis of travel divided by two-way left-turn lanes, A total of ten intersections were selected for painted center medians, and a striped analysis in the traffic study. These ten locations centerline west of San Rafael Drive. To the east represent the most critical arterial and highway of Peyton Drive, Chino Avenue provides six junctions within the City’s transportation system lanes of travel (three per direction) divided by a which will be impacted by future traffic growth. raised median, with Class 2 bike lanes along The intersections also signify major “valve” points each side from Peyton Drive to SR-71. On- established in the traffic model, located between street parking on Chino Avenue is prohibited, trip zones within the City and adjacent sub- except for a short segment east of SR-71 on regional zones exterior to the City which are the north side of the street, where Chino expected to contain a high percentage of trip Avenue transitions into a four-lane roadway ends that will be attracted to future citywide near the east city limit. development. • Carbon Canyon Road is a designated State The study intersections are located at key Highway, State Route 142 (SR-142). In the City positions within the influence area of major of Chino Hills, Carbon Canyon Road is residential and non-residential projects planned composed of a two-lane highway classified as a to be built out within the next 15 to 25 years, Principal Arterial, with Class 2 bike lanes based on an examination of the city’s current provided in both direction between Old Carbon General Plan and proposed land use and zoning Canyon Road and Chino Hills Parkway. Carbon plan changes. Figure 4-19 depicts the locations Canyon Road is primarily undivided, with a of the study intersections, existing travel lane double yellow centerline along its length, and configurations, and the functional classification of short painted medians located along major roadways in the City as currently recorded switchback turns and in advance of side street in the CRS by the State of California. intersections.

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-212 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-19– Traffic Study Intersections and Existing Roadway Travel Lane Configurations

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-213 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Existing Intersection Traffic Conditions Hills Parkway; Chino Hills Parkway/Carbon Canyon Road (SR-142); Chino Hills Parkway/ Intersection turning movement traffic volume Pipeline Avenue; Chino Hills Parkway/Ramona counts were collected manually in the field by Avenue, and Chino Hills Parkway/Grand Avenue. Minagar & Associates, Inc. staff at each of the The remaining signalized intersections are all traffic study locations. Traffic counts were operating at acceptable levels of service during performed during typical morning (AM) and the morning peak period. afternoon (PM) peak traffic periods during the week. Morning peak hour counts were taken During the PM peak period, seven intersections (all between 7:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m. on a typical are located along Chino Hills Parkway and/or weekday during October 2012 and afternoon/ Peyton Drive) are operating at LOS E or LOS F: evening peak hour counts were taken between Peyton Drive/Chino Avenue; Peyton Drive/Grand 4:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. during the same month. Avenue; Peyton Drive/ Eucalyptus Avenue; Peyton The measured volumes were then programmed Drive/Chino Hills Parkway; Chino Hills Parkway/ into the traffic baseline model along with each Carbon Canyon Road (SR-142); Chino Hills intersection’s estimated roadway capacity, field- Parkway/Pipeline Avenue; and Chino Hills verified lane geometrics, and signal timing Parkway/Ramona Avenue. parameters to establish existing (Year 2012) traffic conditions. The traffic analysis software Existing Transit System was then used to calculate the amount of existing vehicular delay experienced at each intersection OmniTrans is the public transit agency that serves during the peak AM and PM commute hours. the San Bernardino Valley, inclusive of Chino Hills. OmniTrans currently operates 27 fixed bus routes Based on prevailing signalized and unsignalized that provide connections to the cities of Chino, vehicular delays calculated for each location Chino Hills, Colton, Fontana, Grand Terrace, (reported in seconds per vehicle), the intersections Highland, Loma Linda, Mentone, Montclair, are described by a subsequent Level of Service Muscoy, Ontario, Redlands, Rialto, San (LOS). The level of service concept describes the Bernardino, Upland, Rancho Cucamonga, and qualitative measure of an intersection’s capacity Yucaipa. and function to move traffic, as summarized in Figure 4-20. Per the City’s latest Traffic Impact Of the fixed bus routes, Route 65 connects Chino Study (TIS) Guidelines, LOS D is the minimum Hills to the Montclair Transit Center. Route 83 acceptable performance for intersections in Chino provides nearby service connecting Chino to Hills, and is typically the lowest acceptable in Ontario. similar suburban areas. Intersections located on In addition, OmniTrans currently operates two the San Bernardino County Congestion transit services. These include Access which is an Management Plan network are required to operate Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandated at LOS “E” or better. Table 4-42 summarizes the public transportation service that provides results of the LOS analysis for the study inter- paratransit service for the disabled. Access sections under Existing Year 2012 conditions. provides curb-to-curb service to complement the During the AM weekday peak period, the OmniTrans fixed-route bus system, and is following eight signalized intersections operate at available during the same periods that fixed- LOS E or LOS F and experience poor operating route service operates. conditions and significant delay: Pipeline Avenue/Woodview Road (two-way stop controlled intersection); Peyton Drive/Grand Avenue; Peyton Drive/Eucalyptus Avenue; Peyton Drive/Chino

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-214 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-20 – Intersection Level of Service Criteria for Signalized Intersections

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-215 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-42 – Level of Service Summary, Existing 2012 Weekday AM & PM Peak Hour Conditions Level of Service Analysis* Peak Existing Year 2012 No. Intersection Hour V/C Delay LOS AM 0.898 51.6 D 1 Soquel Canyon Parkway / Butterfield Ranch Road PM 0.826 41.3 D AM 0.893 41.4 D 2 Soquel Canyon Parkway / Pomona Rincon Drive PM 0.467 7.5 A AM 0.381 14.5 B 3 Butterfield Ranch Road / Pine Avenue PM 0.350 19.9 B AM 1.025 83.6 F 4 Chino Hills Parkway / Pipeline Avenue PM 1.210 146.1 F AM 0.998 83.0 F 5 Chino Hills Parkway / Peyton Drive PM 1.188 129.5 F AM 0.889 42.3 D 6 Chino Hills Parkway / Carbon Canyon Road PM 1.438 191.3 F AM 0.882 58.1 E 7 Grand Avenue / Peyton Drive PM 0.909 78.8 E AM 1.451 202.6 F 8 Eucalyptus Avenue / Peyton Drive PM 1.428 177.6 F AM 1.059 68.2 F 9 Pipeline Road / Woodview Road PM 0.609 4.8 A AM 0.743 43.5 D 10 Chino Avenue / Peyton Drive PM 0.768 83.9 F * Notes: - V/C: Intersection volume-to-capacity ratio - Average intersection control delay reported in seconds per vehicle (sec/veh)

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-216 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

OmniGo is a local shuttle service operating on 4.14.2 Regulatory Framework fixed routes and set schedules to provide access to local points of interest and connections to San Bernardino County Congestion destinations outside the community. OmniGo Management Plan Route 365 provides regular local service to Chino Proposition 111, passed by California votes in and Chino Hills. It currently provides connections June 1990, provided additional transportation to Ayala and Chino Hills High Schools, Chino funding through a $.09 per gallon increase in the Campus of Chaffey College, The Shoppes at Chino state gas tax. This equates to an estimated Hills, City Halls, Townsend Jr. High, and Chino annual return of more than $6.25 per person for Transit Center. Route 365 runs every 60 minutes cities within San Bernardino County, and $7.1 seven days a week. Connections to Townsend million for the county. Included with the provision Junior High, Chino Hills High School, and the for additional transportation funding was a Butterfield Ranch community are “tripper service,” requirement to undertake a Congestion which occur during peak hour only. Management Program (CMP) within each county with an urbanized area having a population of Non-Motorized Travel 50,000 or more, to be developed and adopted by Bicycle and pedestrian paths in the City provide a designated Congestion Management Agency an energy-efficient and non-polluting alternative (CMA). Within San Bernardino County, SANBAG to the automobile, and help to link the (San Bernardino Associated Governments) was designated the CMA by the County Board of commercial, residential, and open space uses Supervisors and a majority of the cities with the City. representing a majority of the incorporated Standard bikeway classifications include: population.

• Class 1: Bike Path that provides a The first countywide Congestion Management completely separated right of way for the Program (CMP) was developed by SANBAG and its exclusive use of bicycles and pedestrians; consultant, in cooperation with a technical • Class 2: Bike Lane that provides a striped advisory committee composed of planning and lane for on-way bike travel on a street or engineering staff from SANBAG, SANBAG member highway adjacent to auto travel lanes; cities, the County of San Bernardino, transit • Class 3: Bike Route that provides for providers, the Southern California Association of shared use with motor vehicle traffic. Governments (SCAG), the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), the South Coast Air Existing bikeways in the City include Class 2 and Quality Management District (AQMD), and the Class 3. Locations of existing Class 2 are noted in Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District the previous descriptions of the City’s Major (MDAQMD). The CMP was adopted in November Roadways. The City also has a network of mixed- 1992, and was updated in 1993, 1995, 1997, use trails that provide for recreational bike, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2009. A pedestrian, and equestrian travel. The planning, major update to the CMP is underway. development, maintenance, and use of trails are discussed in the City Trails Master Plan, a The San Bernardino County CMP defines a component of the Parks, Recreation and Open network of state highways and arterials, level of Space Element of the General Plan. service standards and related procedures, a process for mitigation of the impacts of new development on the transportation system, and technical justification for the approach. The goals of the CMP are:

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-217 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

• Goal 1 - Maintain or enhance the those designated LOS F in the Chapter 2 of the performance of the multimodal CMP96. In addition, a provision is made for any transportation system, and minimize LOS F facility not to deteriorate greater than 10% travel delay. below its level of service value at the time of • Goal 2 - Assist in focusing available initial CMP adoption. transportation funding on cost-effective San Bernardino County CMP network roadways responses to subregional and regional within the City include: Grand Avenue, Carbon transportation needs. Canyon Road (SR 142), Chino Hills Parkway, and • Goal 3 - Provide for technical consistency SR-71. There are five CMP intersections in the in multimodal transportation system City. analysis. • Goal 4 - Help to coordinate development • Peyton Drive at Grand Avenue and implementation of subregional • Chino Hills Parkway at Grand Avenue transportation strategies across • Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon jurisdictional boundaries. Road • Goal 5 - Anticipate the impacts of • Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Avenue proposed new development on the • Chino Hills Parkway at Ramona Avenue multimodal transportation system, provide consistent procedures to identify California Complete Streets Act and evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation measures, and provide for On September 30, 2008 Governor Arnold adequate funding of mitigations. Schwarzenegger signed Assembly Bill 1358, the • Goal 6 - Promote air quality and improve California Complete Streets Act. The Act states: mobility through implementation of land “In order to fulfill the commitment to reduce use and transportation alternatives or greenhouse gas emissions, make the most incentives that reduce both vehicle trips efficient use of urban land and transportation and miles traveled, and vehicle emissions. infrastructure, and improve public health by encouraging physical activity, transportation The CMP System of Roads includes approximately planners must find innovative ways to reduce 1,500 miles of state highways and principal vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and to shift from arterials. Approximately 500 miles of the roadway short trips in the automobile to biking, walking system are in the Valley Region and 176 miles are and use of public transit.” in the Victor Valley Region. The principal arterials were identified through input from local jurisdic- AB 1358 places the planning, designing, and tions. Future additions to the CMP road system building of complete streets into the larger will be based on local recommendations. The planning framework of the general plan by term “CMP intersection” refers to the intersections requiring jurisdictions to amend their circulation of two CMP roadways. “Key intersections” include elements to plan for multimodal transportation all CMP intersections plus other intersections on networks. These networks should allow for all CMP links considered to be important for level of users to effectively travel by motor vehicle, foot, service monitoring. There are approximately 370 bicycle, and transit to reach key destinations key intersections on the countywide CMP roadway within their community and the larger region. system.

The adopted level of service standards for the CMP system are the minimum standards allowed in California Government Code §65089(b)(1)(B): 96 None of the CMP designated exceptions are located LOS E for all segments and intersections except within or adjacent to Chino Hills.

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-218 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Safe Routes to School Goal C-1: Provide a Comprehensive Vehicular Transportation Network [New] In 2005 the United States Congress passed the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient, Transporta- Policy C-1.1: Provide a comprehensive roadway tion Equity Act: A Legacy for Users Act (SAFETEA- network that supports the movement of people LU). This transportation reauthorization bill and goods in a safe and efficient manner. [New] included funding for the Federal Safe Routes to Action C-1.1.1: Achieve and maintain a School (SRTS) program. The objective of the SRTS minimum Level of Service D on all roadway program is to support the use of safe, active links and at all roadway intersections, with transportation modes (i.e., walking and bicycling) the exception of intersections within one-half for children to and from schools. The availability of mile of the SR-71 Freeway, where a minimum active transportation modes can increase children’s Level of Service E shall be maintained. activity levels and decrease the likelihood of [Existing Objective 1] childhood diseases. This is especially important as childhood obesity rates and other illnesses related Action C-1.1.2: Maintain San Bernardino to inactivity are rapidly increasing both nationally County Congestion Management Program and throughout California. (CMP) highway system roadway links and intersections at Level of Service E. [Existing Objective 2] Chapter 10.30 of the Municipal Code – Vehicles and Traffic Action C-1.1.3: Require traffic impact analyses or traffic studies for private and The City implements standards for parking and public projects to ensure that discretionary stopping of vehicles; speed limits; abandoned development projects do not cause roadway vehicles; wheeled toys; and parking lot utility congestion in excess of acceptable levels of services. service within Chino Hills, or on CMP roadway links or intersections. [Existing Policy 2-7, Chapter 12.0 of the Municipal Code – modified] Streets, Sidewalks, and Public Places Action C-1.1.4: Require new developments to The City implements regulations that govern provide for all roads within their boundaries design and construction of streets, sidewalks, and and to pay their fair share of planned roadway rights of way. improvement costs. [New] Action C-1.1.5: Continue to assert that all 4.14.3 Proposed Circulation Element improvements to and maintenance of the Goals, Policies, and Actions portion of Chino Hills Parkway/ Carbon Canyon Road that is part of SR-142 shall be The following goals, policies, and actions support the responsibility of the State of California. the proposed City of Chino Hills Circulation Plan [Existing Policy 2-5] and its vision to provide well-planned transportation and utility systems that support the Action C-1.1.6: Continue to enforce heavy general pattern of development. Many of these truck travel restrictions throughout the City. provisions are carried forward from the existing [New] General Plan Circulation Element, and updated for Policy C-1.2: Create a safe, efficient, and readability and/or to better reflect current and neighborhood-friendly street system [New] expected conditions. The list below indicates which Action C-1.2.1: Minimize through traffic in goals, policies, and actions are from existing residential neighborhoods through a variety provisions and which are new.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-219 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

of land use controls and traffic control vehicles (including emergency vehicles and devices. [New] trash trucks), pedestrians, and bicycles. [New]

Action C-1.2.2: Construct major streets on Action C-1.2.11: Require adequate off-street the perimeter of the neighborhood to improve parking for all developments. [New] public safety by eliminating hazards, noise, smoke, odor, and other nuisances from Goal C-2: Support Regional Transportation residential areas. [Existing Principal 1-b] Policies That Link Chino Hills to Neighboring Action C-1.2.3: Design collector streets to Cities and Counties [New] circulate traffic within the neighborhood but Policy C-2.1: Support and participate in regional discourage through traffic. [Existing Principal efforts to improve vehicular and non-vehicular 1-c] transportation systems. [New]

Action C-1.2.4: Design local streets to Action C-2.1.1: Support and cooperate with primarily provide access to homes and other all aspects of the countywide CMP for properties. [Existing Principal 1-d] maintaining levels of service for CMP segments located in the City. [New] Action C-1.2.5: Require all development projects to meet mandatory standards with Action C-2.1.2: Coordinate with San regard to vertical and horizontal alignments, Bernardino Associated Governments (SANBAG) access control, rights of way, cross-sections, regarding the integration of Intelligent intersections, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, Transportation Systems (ITS) that will cul de sacs, driveway widths and grades, right maximize the efficiency of the transportation of way dedication and improvements, and system through advanced technologies, such curb cuts for the disabled. [Existing Policy as adaptive signal controls. [New] 2-9] Action C-2.1.3: Collaborate with regional Action C-1.2.6: Retain the switchbacks on transportation planning and transit agencies Carbon Canyon Road between Feldspar Drive to plan for the efficient allocation of and the Western Hills Country Club. [Existing transportation resources. [New] Policy 2-18] Action C-2.1.4: Support regional efforts to Action C-1.2.7: Provide adequate sight the extent feasible to reduce single- distances for safe vehicular movement at a occupancy vehicle travel. [New] road’s design speed and at all intersections as Action C-2.1.5: Continue to implement the consistent with City and Caltrans standards. citywide trip reduction ordinance, consistent [New] with San Bernardino County CMP Action C-1.2.8: Prohibit direct driveway requirements, to reduce traffic congestion access from individual residences to major and improve air quality. [New] arterials, major highways, secondary highways, and collectors. [Existing Policy Goal C-3: Provide Safe and Adequate Pedestrian, 2-10] Bicycle, and Public Transportation Systems to Action C-1.2.9: Require driveway placement Provide Alternatives to Single Occupant Vehicular to be primarily designed for safety and, Travel and to Support Land Uses [New] secondarily, to enhance circulation. [New] Policy C-3.1: Encourage the use of public transportation for commute and local, and Action C-1.2.10: Plan access and circulation increase citywide transit ridership. [New] of each development project to accommodate

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-220 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Action C-3.1.1: Work with OmniTrans and/or Action C-4.1.2: Require mixed use and/or other bus providers to expand transit routes high density development to incorporate serving the City and the surrounding pedestrian-oriented design elements, such as communities. [Existing Policy 2-14] accessibility to transit; safe pedestrian connections and crossings; parks and public Action C-3.1.2: Work with OmniTrans and/or open spaces; street furniture, attractive other bus providers to assess and provide pedestrian-oriented design at the street level; paratransit services for low-income, elderly, street facing buildings; and street trees and disabled, and other residents in need of landscaping. [New] access assistance. [New] Action C-4.1.3: Encourage use of alternative Action C-3.1.3: Require bus turn-outs in fuel vehicles and the construction of residential, commercial, and industrial public infrastructure to charge/fuel alternative fuel use areas. [Existing Policy 2-16] vehicles. [New] Action C-3.1.4: Plan for a transit station within walking distance (as determined by Goal C-5: Ensure an Adequate and Well- state and regional policy) of Grand Avenue Maintained Infrastructure System [New] and Peyton Drive. [New] Policy C-5.1: Provide adequate infrastructure Policy C-3.2: Support other alternatives to single- improvements in conjunction with development. occupant vehicular travel. [New] [New]

Action C-3.2.1: Work with the Chino Valley Action C-5.1.1: Plan and design new roadways Unified School District to implement ride and expansion/completion of existing sharing, bike routes, and other non-single- roadways to allow for co-location of water, occupant vehicle transportation options. sewer, storm drainage, communications, and [New] energy facilities within the road right of way. [New] Action C-3.2.2: Establish one or more park- and-ride lots to be located near freeway Action C-5.1.2: Require private and public interchanges, and require secure and easily development projects to be responsible for accessible park-and-ride facilities. [Existing providing road improvements along all Policy 2-15] frontages abutting a public street right of way in accordance with the design specifications Action C-3.2.3: Support the citywide Bicycle for that roadway. [New] Master Plan and bikeway improvements. [New] Action C-5.1.3: Require private and public Goal C-4: Encourage Development That Supports development projects to be responsible for Balanced Land Uses and Alternative Modes of providing traffic control devices and wet and Transportation That Reduce the Reliance on the dry utility improvements necessary to meet the Automobile [New] needs of the project, and to properly integrate into the established and planned infrastructure Policy C-4.1: Plan for high density mixed use systems. [New] development close to regional transit and non- vehicular transportation corridors. [New]

Action C-4.1.1: Locate high density housing within walking distance of transit, as determined by state and regional policies. [New]

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-221 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.14.4 Roadway Plan 00PD01/00ZA01), will be required to construct a 2-lane, 30-foot-wide section of this The Roadway Plan for the City describes the major roadway extension, when it develops. roads that carry traffic to, from, and through the City. The Roadway Plan is comprised of SR-71, SR-142 (Carbon Canyon Road), Principal Arterials, 4.14.5 Thresholds of Significance Minor Arterials, and Collectors. The Roadway Plan Significant impacts relative to transportation/ is the network that links regional and cross-city traffic are evaluated in this section based on traffic to the City’s local streets. Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. Implementa- tion of the General Plan Update could have a Figure 4-21 illustrates the City of Chino Hills significant adverse impact if it would do any of Roadway Plan. It describes the location, the following: classification, and number of lanes for each of the network roads. The Existing Major Roadways, a) Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance, described above, are included in the Roadway or policy establishing measures of Plan. In addition to the Existing Major Roadways, effectiveness for the performance of the the Roadway Plan includes three planned circulation system, taking into account all roadways, described below: modes of transportation including mass transit and non-motorized travel and • Pine Avenue: Pine Avenue is currently a 4- relevant components of the circulation lane Minor Arterial from Butterfield Ranch system, including but not limited to Road to west of SR-71. The Roadway Plan intersections, streets, highways and identifies completion of Pine Avenue as a 4- freeways, pedestrian and bicycle paths, lane Minor Arterial from its current terminus and mass transit? to the City’s eastern boundary. b) Conflict with an applicable congestion • Tonner Canyon Road: The Roadway Plan management program, including, but no identifies Tonner Canyon Road as a future limited to level of service standards and potential corridor along the western portion of travel demand measures or other the City through the Tres Hermanos property. standards established by the San Development of this road is uncertain due to Bernardino County Congestion Manage- the expected expense and the unknown future ment Agency? disposition of the Tres Hermanos property. If c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, the Tonner Canyon Road extension is not including either an increase in traffic built, other future traffic improvements could levels or a change in location that results be needed. At this time, there are no plans for in substantial safety risks? the construction of the extension or for other d) Substantially increase hazards due to a improvements to replace it. design feature (e.g. sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible • Soquel Canyon Road: An extension of Soquel uses (e.g. farm equipment)? Canyon Road, from its current westerly e) Result in inadequate emergency access? terminus to Peyton Drive, is planned to fill a f) Conflict with adopted policies, plans or gap in the circulation network and to provide programs regarding public transit, an alternative to Pipeline Drive for north-south bicycle, or pedestrian facilities, or travel. To handle the projected long-term otherwise decrease the performance of traffic volumes in that part of the City, this such facilities? extension is planned as a Two-Lane Collector Street. A development project that was approved in 2000 (TTM 16104/00GPA01/

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-222 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-21 – City of Chino Hills Roadway Plan

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-223 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.14.6 Future Traffic Forecasts and and north of Chino Hills Parkway. As part of the Impact Assessment Methodology widening effort, several intersection approaches at Peyton/ Eucalyptus and Peyton/Chino Hills Growth Forecasts Parkway will be reconfigured, and will include Future traffic conditions analyzed in the Traffic modification of each intersection’s timing plans Impact Study have taken into account sub- and traffic signal phasing to match the improved regional forecasts for future-term housing, roadway and traffic conditions. population, and employment growth projected to Other projects for sidewalk construction, the years 2027 and 2037. These projections are curb/gutter and street lighting improvements, based on historical socioeconomic growth trends tree replacements, street resurfacing, and other in the City of Chino Hills and San Bernardino routine maintenance projects will generally not County, and represent the maximum, worst-case affect vehicular circulation as it pertains to the ambient traffic growth which would occur traffic analysis model for the future 15-year throughout the City. (2027) and build-out year (2037) conditions The 15-year (2027) and 25-year (2037) “without considered in this study. The City currently uses project” traffic scenarios were developed by Measure I, traffic improvement fee (TIF) and Gas applying a 1% annual growth rate to the existing Tax 7360 funding for local traffic signal controller baseline traffic volumes to estimate subregional upgrades, correction of general traffic issues, and growth in the area due to projects and activity developer-imposed transportation mitigation external to the City of Chino Hills. This growth measures; however, no specific improvement rate was derived from (SANBAG/SCAG) traffic projects within the study area have currently been model forecasts and historic data on identified for use of this funding. Other potential socioeconomic trends in the region, and approved sources of federal and/or state funding may be by the City for use in the traffic model developed pursued by the City and used for future traffic for this analysis. The existing traffic volumes improvement programs, such as STIP, HBRRP, were projected forward to the 15-year (2027) and HSIP, and SRTS/SR2S. 25-year (2037) build-out conditions by a factor of 1%, compounded annually. Summary of Anticipated Future Development within Chino Hills Anticipated/Programmed Transportation Future growth in traffic along City streets will be Improvements influenced by residential and non-residential The City provided Minagar & Associates, Inc. with development within the City. To analyze the a list of transportation projects included in the potential traffic-related impacts of future City’s FY 2012-13 Capital Improvement Program development, a microcomputer-based traffic (CIP). Some projects have been completed, while model was developed for the City's major arterials others are in various planning, design, and highways. The model includes nine major engineering, right of way, or construction stages signalized intersections and one major stop- and have not yet been built. Of those controlled intersection in the City. The traffic programmed and/or planned improvement model divided the City into several traffic analysis projects, only the Peyton Drive Widening Project zones to facilitate the modeling of traffic impacts (Phase 3) is expected to directly impact traffic between major points of origin and destination operations at the subject study intersections. This throughout the City, including the 10 study project will include widening the street from two locations. lanes to four lanes (two per direction) with bike A list of 13 potential development projects was lanes on both sides, between south of Eucalyptus furnished to Minagar & Associates, Inc. by City

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-224 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

staff for use in the traffic analysis model. This list methods, and is based on applicable contributing includes some projects that are currently being factors such as type and location of proposed developed, are approved for construction, or have developments, surrounding land uses and permit applications on file. These future population, physical conditions of the development projects represent the City’s current surrounding street system, existing weekday AM long-range plans for major residential and non- and PM peak hour traffic and travel patterns residential developments within the study area observed in the field, and nearby competing and throughout the City. These projects are in developments. The percent of total future traffic various development phases; however, they are volumes assigned to each roadway indicates that all expected to be completed and operational key arterial streets such as Chino Hills Parkway prior to the future 15-year and 25-year traffic and Soquel Canyon Parkway are assumed to carry forecast scenarios. The General Plan build-out a significant proportion of new trips. scenario is estimated to occur by 2037 (Existing Year 2012 + 25 years), with a few additional Traffic Model residential projects expected to develop during this interim period. The sizing, locations, and The traffic model developed for the updated timing of these potential isolated developments Circulation Element is a microcomputer-based cannot be defined at this time and are considered model utilizing Trafficware’s Synchro 8.0 system. negligible in the traffic analysis. Existing AM and PM intersection turning volumes were input to the model at each key intersection Table 4-43 lists the anticipated future develop- location. Based upon the Highway Capacity ments in the City that were considered in the Manual (HCM2010) method of signalized and traffic study model. Figure 4-22 shows their unsignalized intersection analysis, average locations, along with the generalized trip control delay, volume/capacity ratios and level of distribution percentages used to distribute the service were determined. The HCM delay-based added traffic to the roadway network. These method, as published by the Transportation projects would result in a maximum build-out of Research Board (TRB) of the National Academy of 553 single-family detached housing units, 230 Science, is consistent with Caltrans’ Guide for the residential condominium/townhome units, 566 Preparation of Traffic Impact Studies and is the multifamily residential (apartment) units, and current state-of-the-practice in the transporta- approximately 779,000 square feet of non- tion planning industry. residential developments (e.g., retail, church, office, and restaurant uses). Based on trip The HCM methodology calculates the average generation rates developed by the Institute of vehicular delay (expressed in seconds per vehicle) Transportation Engineers (ITE, 9th Edition), these experienced by motorists at signalized and developments are anticipated to generate unsignalized intersections, and assigns an LOS approximately 1,500 new AM peak hour vehicle letter grade to the intersection based upon the trips and 2,800 new PM peak hour trips, and resulting delay calculation. Longer delays result in approximately 15,060 total daily trips. lower levels of service (i.e., LOS F); shorter delays result in higher levels of service (i.e., LOS A). The geographic distribution of future trip generation was performed using manual gravity model

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-225 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-43 – Trip Generation for Anticipated Major Future Development Daily Trips Cumulative Development Projects Size No. Project Description/Location Land Use Qty Units In Out PM Total 1 B.A.P.S. Temple and Cultural Center Church > Temple, Recep. Hall, Classrooms, Gym In In In S/o Chino Hill Pkwy., E/o Monte Vista Ave., Dining/Kitchen Halls, Living Qtrs, Snack Shop 114.445 KSF 111 111 221.86 W/o Central Ave. Church > Cultural Center 33.781 KSF 33 33 65.49 Church > Exhibition hall 16.236 KSF 16 16 31.48 Subtotal 159 159 318.83 2 Crossroads Entertainment Center Quality Restaurant (2 pads) 14.500 KSF 95 95 190.16 N/o Chino Ave., W/o and adjacent to SR-71 3 Heritage Professional Center Hospital 55.000 KSF 128 128 255.58 E/o Pomona Rincon Rd. and CH High Medical-Dental Office Building 86.912 KSF 175 175 349.50 School, S/o Soquel Cyn Pkwy. Shopping Center > Retail, Restaurant, Hotel 235.000 KSF 2,304 2,304 4,607.84 Subtotal 2,606 2,606 5,712.91 4 The Commons Shopping Center (40% leasable building area) 208.000 KSF 2,039 2,039 4,078.43 E/o Ramona Ave. between Chino Hills Pkwy. and SR-71 5 Country Club Villas Residential Condominium/Townhouse 70 DU 74 74 74 E/o Pomona Rincon Rd. between Wallace Ave and Los Serranos Rd. 6 Foremost Communities (Canyon Hills) Single-Family Detached Housing 76 DU 203 203 406.98 NW/o Carbon Canyon Rd., W/o Canyon Hills Rd. 7 Lago Los Serranos Residential Condominium/Townhouse 95 DU 101 101 201.57 S/o Bird Farm Rd. between Country Club Dr. and Ramona Ave. 8 Pine Valley Estates Single-Family Detached Housing 98 DU 262 262 524.79 W/o Rancho Hills Dr. between Eucalyptus Ave. and Highland Pass Rd. 9 Stonefield Development Single-Family Detached Housing 28 DU 75 75 149.94 NW/o Carbon Canyon Rd., E/o Fairway Dr. 10 Vila Borba Single-Family Detached Housing 351 DU 940 940 1,879.61 W/o & E/o Butterfield Ranch Rd., S/o Pine Apartment 280 DU 380 380 759.70 Ave. and N/o Park Crest Ct. 1,320 1,320 2,639.30 11 Villagio Apartment Complex Apartment 286 DU 388 388 775.98 E/o Butterfield Ranch Rd. between Picasso Dr. and Slate Dr. 12 Vista Bella Townhomes High-Rise Residential Condominium/Townhouse 65 DU 60 60 119.41 W/o Butterfield Ranch Rd., Bane Canyon Rd. and St. Gaudens Dr. 13 Gateway Village Phase IV Development Shopping Center 14.950 KSF 147 147 147 N/o Grand Ave. between SR-71 and Boys Republic Dr. Total Daily Trips 7,530 7,530 15,060

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-226 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-22 – Locations of Future Major Developments

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-227 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Other methods of measuring LOS used by some not support the analysis of signalized inter- agencies include the Intersection Capacity sections having special overlap, split or otherwise Utilization, or ICU method, which identifies how Non-NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers much of the traffic-carrying capacity at an inter- Association) phasing or shared lane configura- section is being used by existing or future tions. In these cases, use of HCM2000 inter- forecasted traffic volumes. In comparison with the section LOS analysis methods were used and, as HCM2010 analysis method, however, the ICU the most current information reasonably method does not factor in the effects of signal available, considered acceptable. timing, pedestrians, bicycles, parking, or other Following the analysis of existing traffic real-world conditions that affect the flow of conditions, a “future baseline” scenario was traffic through an intersection. As such, this developed to represent ambient growth methodology often results in assigning a better conditions. This included a compounded annual intersection LOS letter grade than drivers actually traffic growth factor approved by the City and experience. congruent with subregional travel demand Conversely, the HCM method, which is the currently forecasts developed by SCAG and SANBAG for the adopted standard used in the City of Chino Hills,97 surrounding area within the County. typically provides a more conservative LOS rating, A series of analysis zones were then established or letter grade, than using the ICU method under throughout the City, and the anticipated develop- the same circumstances at the same intersection. ments were input into the model along with An intersection operating at LOS C (up to 79% of standard trip generation rates. For the City of intersection capacity) using the ICU method is Chino Hills, 10 zones were established at key roughly equivalent to LOS mid-D (an average of 45 origin-destination and entry points to the City. seconds of delay per vehicle) using the delay-based Trips estimated to be generated by the HCM operational methodology. Since HCM-derived cumulative developments were assigned to the levels of service are expressed in average delay, roadway network within each zone based upon results better reflect the motorist's actual trip distribution values calculated outside of the experience. model. For this model, the trip distribution The California Complete Street Act requires all assumptions are based upon project size, city general plan transportation elements to plan location, surrounding and competing land uses for the development of multimodal transportation and developments, and current AM/PM peak hour networks. This means that city streets must be traffic and travel patterns observed in the field. designed and constructed to meet the needs of Lastly, the Synchro model was used to produce a vehicles, mass transit, pedestrians, and bicyclists. series of reports that document model input The City’s continued application of the HCM information, existing conditions and future method for traffic analysis studies and impact estimated intersection delays, volume-to- significance determination allows the City to capacity (V/C) ratios and LOS determinations used comply with the California Complete Streets Act in this traffic analysis. by providing a representative analysis of how its intersections are operating, based on traffic delays and the current standard of the industry. At the time of the preparation of this traffic study report, the latest HCM2010 analysis methods do

97 City of Chino Hills Traffic Impact Analysis Guidelines, March 22, 2002

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-228 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

4.14.7 Project Impacts results in an increase of over 1% of the volume-to-capacity ratio (∆V/C ≥ 0.01) Would the project: 3. For CMP intersections, a significant a) Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance, or impact occurs if anticipated new develop- policy establishing measures of effectiveness ment worsens the LOS from E to F, or for the performance of the circulation system, adds significant new traffic to a location taking into account all modes of transporta- projected to operate at LOS F under future tion including mass transit and non- baseline conditions. motorized travel and relevant components of the circulation system, including but not The level of service forecast in the traffic model limited to intersections, streets, highways and included 10 signalized intersections and 1 stop- freeways, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and controlled intersection. The traffic model mass transit? described in the previous section was used to assign future trips to the roadway network in the Impact Discussion City and to calculate the resulting year 2027 and The results of the traffic impact analysis 2037 intersection delays and volume-to-capacity evaluated the performance of the streets and (V/C) ratios. Based on this average delay (in highway network in accordance with the City’s seconds per vehicle), the future level of service traffic impact analysis guidelines and the targets for each intersection was determined for the AM identified in the Circulation Element, as follows: and PM peak hour periods.

Action C-1.1.1: Achieve and maintain a minimum Level of Service D on all roadway Projected Year 2027 Intersection Operating links and at all roadway intersections, with Conditions and Impacts of Anticipated New the exception of intersections within one-half Development mile of the SR-71 Freeway, where a minimum Table 4-44 lists and Figure 4-23 illustrates Level of Service E shall be maintained. projected Year 2027 traffic conditions throughout Action C-1.1.2: Maintain San Bernardino the City’s streets and highway network. Full County Congestion Management Program standard output data sheets containing traffic (CMP) highway system roadway links and volume, geometry and timing/phasing intersections at Level of Service E. assumptions, as HCM results from the traffic analysis model are included in the Traffic Impact Accordingly, the traffic impact analysis for the Study (Appendix I of this EIR). General Plan Update was prepared to identify significant impacts in accordance with the following criteria:

1. A significant impact occurs at an intersection when anticipated new development causes a level of service change from LOS D to LOS E or F (using HCM signalized/ unsignalized delay-based methods); or

2. If an intersection is already operating at LOS E or LOS F, a significant impact occurs if anticipated new development

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-229 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-44 – Future Year 2027 Level of Service (LOS) and Cumulative Development Impact Summary Location Level of Service Analysis [1] 15-Year (2027) Conditions Future Year 2027 Peak Future Year 2027 Base [2] Plus Cumulative Projects [3] No. Intersection Hour V/C Delay LOS V/C Delay LOS Soquel Canyon Pkwy. / AM 1.017 82.0 F 1.044 90.0 F 1 Butterfield Ranch Rd. PM 0.937 62.0 E 0.946 72.2 E Soquel Canyon Pkwy. / AM 1.020 81.1 F 1.118 115.2 F 2 Pomona Rincon Dr. PM 0.526 8.5 A 0.628 29.2 C Butterfield Ranch Rd. / AM 0.410 15.3 B 0.440 16.2 B 3 Pine Ave. PM 0.380 19.3 B 0.445 32.0 C Chino Hills Pkwy. / AM 1.168 126.9 F 1.200 140.0 F 4 Pipeline Ave. PM 1.382 212.5 F 1.473 259.0 F Chino Hills Pkwy. / AM 1.059 101.4 F 1.114 118.0 F 5 Peyton Dr. PM 1.235 166.4 F 1.312 191.2 F Chino Hills Pkwy. / AM 1.010 81.4 F 1.043 94.4 F 6 Carbon Canyon Rd. (SR-142) PM 1.646 273.8 F 1.770 331.0 F AM 1.002 93.2 F 1.025 100.0 F 7 Grand Ave. / Peyton Dr. PM 1.033 116.4 F 1.073 130.6 F AM 1.272 133.7 F 1.286 161.0 F 8 Eucalyptus Ave. / Peyton Dr. PM 1.254 128.2 F 1.272 150.9 F AM 1.213 279.5 F 1.262 417.2 F 9 Pipeline Rd. / Woodview Rd. PM 0.691 5.7 A 0.764 6.0 A AM 0.841 63.5 E 0.846 66.0 E 10 Chino Ave. / Peyton Dr. PM 0.875 128.2 F 0.883 132.8 F V/C: Intersection volume-to-capacity ratio [1] Average intersection control delay reported in seconds per vehicle (sec/veh) [2] Includes estimated ambient annual growth of 1% per City direction, plus anticipated/approved transportation system improvements [3] Includes citywide development projects to be completed by the 15-Year Future Year of 2027.

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-230 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-23 – Future Year 2027 AM/PM Traffic Volumes and Level of Service

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-231 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The results of the 2027 analysis indicate that with a Mitigation Measures for Year 2027 Traffic 1% annual background traffic growth, plus the Impacts implementation of all currently planned and/or programmed transportation improvements, the TR-1 Improvements to Soquel Canyon Parkway at following study intersections would operate at Butterfield Ranch Road. Modify signal deficient levels during one or both peak weekday phasing to include a split phase for the hours, under Year 2027 “baseline” conditions - i.e., northwest/southeast left-turn movements. reflecting only ambient regional growth influences, This would require changing four of the but no significant new development in the City. signal heads from three-section protected type to four-section heads. • Soquel Canyon Parkway at Los Serranos Drive/Butterfield Ranch Road A number of special conditions may justify using • Soquel Canyon Parkway at Pomona Rincon split phasing at a given signalized intersection; in Road (AM peak hour only) this case, the field data shows unusually high • Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Avenue northeast/southwest left turns on Butterfield Ranch (CMP intersection) Road and Los Serranos Country Club Drive onto • Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive Soquel Canyon Road. A review of the existing data • Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon Road reveals that traffic on Soquel Canyon Road is (CMP intersection) generally characterized by major flows in the • Chino Hills Parkway at Ramona Avenue eastbound and westbound through directions. This (CMP intersection) is attributable to the proximity of the nearby routes • Chino Hills Parkway at Grand Avenue (CMP for traffic to enter/exit the City east and west, intersection) including the SR-71 freeway interchange on Soquel • Peyton Drive at Grand Avenue (CMP Canyon Road to the east, and Pipeline Avenue, intersection) which is the only major road that connects to the • Peyton Drive at Eucalyptus Avenue southwest neighborhood (toward Carbon Canyon • Pipeline Avenue at Woodview Road (AM Road) to the west. peak hour only) Since the AM and PM peak hour conditions • Peyton Drive at Chino Avenue analyzed in this study cover the peak periods only, The signalized intersection at Butterfield Ranch it should be noted that the only times when split Road and Pine Avenue (Location #3) would operate phasing would be efficient for the at acceptable levels of service during the Future northwest/southeast approaches is when there is a Year 2027 base conditions. steady stream of left-turn movements that match the level of straight through traffic, in which case With the additional traffic generated by anticipated less time is wasted during the green interval than new development projects within the City, the level during normal phasing operations. However, if this of service would be further reduced at the same 11 high amount of left-turning traffic drops off at any intersections bulleted above. This is considered to points during the day in one or both directions, be a significant impact attributable to then the split phase operation would become less implementation of the proposed General Plan efficient and cause unnecessary delays. Update. At the intersection of Peyton/Chino Drive, the influence of the new development projects As part of these intersection improvements, the would not significantly change the projected level City would need to observe and record more data of service and the impact of the General Plan at this intersection, including turning movement Update would be less than significant. patterns all throughout the day (not just during the peak hours) to identify the full range of times when the left-turning traffic on Butterfield Ranch Road

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-232 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

and Los Serranos Country Club Drive is heavy provide for dual left turns and a single enough to justify the split phase, and/or conversely dedicated right-turn lane. This will identify the times when these movements drop off reduce a significant amount of traffic to a small enough amount that the signal should be delays currently experienced on Pomona programmed to revert to normal phasing Rincon Road turning left (southbound) operations. onto Soquel Canyon Parkway. 3. Install raised right-turn “pork chop” By providing the five-section signal heads for these islands at the northeast corners of the two approaches, the City would be able to maintain intersection, and re-configure the the existing conventional phasing plan at the inter- northbound and westbound right-turn section (i.e., concurrent NW/SE lefts, and then lanes to be protected by the median throughs) during normal hours, and then have the islands to allow for unrestricted rights signal temporarily switch to split phasing operation from Pomona Rincon Road onto Soquel during the critical traffic periods of the day, as Canyon Parkway and vice versa. This described above. By providing northwest/southeast feature will achieve several benefits, split phasing operation on Los Serranos Country including i) reducing northbound right- Club Drive and Butterfield Ranch Road during the turn delays from Soquel Canyon Parkway weekday peak hours, intersection signal operations toward the high school; ii) allowing for are expected to improve from LOS E to an the #2 northbound lane to be re-striped acceptable LOS C and significant impacts will be and re-designated from shared through- eliminated. right to through-only, improving north- TR-2 Improvements to Soquel Canyon Parkway at bound delays and capacity; and Pomona Rincon Road. The major sources of iii) reducing westbound delays from traffic delay at this location are experienced Pomona Rincon Road onto Soquel by westbound left turns from Pomona Canyon Parkway. Rincon Road onto Soquel Canyon Parkway, In conjunction with the installation/ and by northbound through traffic on construction of the pork chop islands, Soquel Canyon Parkway, toward SR-71. adjacent acceleration lanes should be Thus, the proposed improvements at this designed to allow for safe merging and location are aimed at reducing delays and weaving movements; in particular, improving peak-hour traffic flow for these eastbound in advance of the nearby two vehicular movements, as well as the freeway ramp, and southbound on Pomona westbound right-turn lane which is Rincon Road as the travelway narrows to expected to see a significant increase in two lanes. The improvements will also traffic with the future development of the require moderate signal and loop detector nearby Heritage Professional Center. The modification, as well as reconfiguration/ proposed mitigations are as follows: relocation of pedestrian crosswalks and 1. Remove the existing striped median on signals to utilize the pork chop islands as Pomona Rincon Road near the inter- safety refuge areas. section and re-stripe the full roadway The proposed improvements provide an effective width to include the addition of one means of reducing peak-hour traffic delays and receiving lane on Pomona Rincon Road. improving the utilization of the intersection’s 2. Reconfigure the westbound approach existing capacity. Critical AM peak hour delays lanes on Pomona Rincon Road (currently would be reduced by an average of 66 seconds per striped as left, shared left-right, right) to vehicle, intersection capacity utilization would be

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-233 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

improved by 10%, and significant impacts would be Note: This signalized intersection is located on the eliminated. designated SR-142 route through the City and is shared by the City of Chino Hills and State of TR-3 Improvements to Chino Hills Parkway at California; therefore, implementation of any Pipeline Avenue. Modify signal phasing to proposed or future mitigation measures will be include a split phase for the eastbound/ contingent upon the state’s (Caltrans) acceptance/ westbound left-turn movements. This agreement and coordination of the improvements. would require changing four of the signal heads from three-section protected type to TR-5 Modify signal phasing for Chino Hills four-section heads. By changing the Parkway at Carbon Canyon Road. This would existing signal phasing at this intersection, include a northbound right-turn protected critical peak hour delays will be reduced by overlap for vehicles on Carbon Canyon Road 91 seconds per vehicle, and overall to turn east concurrently with westbound operations will improve from LOS F to an left-turning vehicles on Chino Hills Parkway. acceptable LOS D, and significant impacts Currently, the northbound right-turn will be eliminated. movement is on permissive phase signal timing, with right turns on red (RTOR) Note: This signalized intersection is located on the allowed. The proposed modifications would designated SR-142 route through the City and is require changing the side-mounted vehicle shared by the City of Chino Hills and State of head on the northeast quadrant from three- California; therefore, implementation of any section to five-section, along with the other proposed or future mitigation measures will be modifications such as appropriate signal contingent upon the state’s (Caltrans) acceptance/ retiming, re-wiring, and No U Turn signage. agreement and coordination of the improvements. By modifying the existing northbound right- TR-4 Traffic signal timing plan modification for turn signal phasing at this intersection as Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive. described above, peak hour delays will be Optimize cycle lengths and splits to reduced by an average of 36 seconds per address changes in traffic volumes and vehicle and significant impacts during the patterns due to ambient growth and future, critical PM peak hour will be eliminated. cumulative citywide development. Signal Note: This signalized intersection is located on the timing optimization and green interval designated SR-142 route through the City and is adjustments are anticipated to improve shared by the City of Chino Hills and State of reduce overall traffic delays by an average California; therefore, implementation of any of 17 seconds per vehicle. Although not proposed or future mitigation measures will be fully mitigated, the proposed signal re- contingent upon the state’s (Caltrans) acceptance/ timing and optimization adjustments would agreement and coordination of the improvements. reduce vehicle delays to about 50% of the required amount to reach a less-than- TR-6 Improvements for Chino Hills Parkway at significant impact (8 seconds per vehicle in Ramona Avenue the AM, 12 seconds per vehicle in the PM). - Add exclusive eastbound left-turn lane This mitigation measure was determined to - Reconfigure eastbound approach from be the most feasible given the built-out (left-through-through-shared environment of the intersection and the through/right) to (left-left-through- anticipated geometric conditions following through-shared through/right) the completion of the City's Peyton Drive - Add exclusive northbound right-turn Widening Project. lane

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-234 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

- Reconfigure northbound approach from Currently, the northbound right-turn (left-through-shared through/right) to movement is on permissive phase signal (left-through-through-right) timing, with right-turn on red allowed. The Reconfigure westbound approach from proposed modifications would require (left-through-through-right) to (left- changing one vehicle head on the northeast through-through-shared through/right) quadrant from three- to five-section type. - Reconfigure downstream lanes in the Additional modifications such as signal westbound direction from two to three retiming and re-wiring would also be travel lanes required. By modifying the existing - Install a protected+overlap signal phase northbound right-turn signal phasing at this for the southbound right-turn lane intersection, peak hour delays will be - Conduct traffic signal re-timing to reduced by an average of 32 seconds per optimize intersection splits and peak vehicle and significant impacts will be hour cycle length for Future Year 2027 eliminated. traffic conditions TR-9 Improvements for Peyton Drive at With these measures, vehicle delays would be Eucalyptus Avenue. As part of the City’s reduced by about 290 seconds, and the PM peak on-going construction work for Phase 3 of hour level of service would improve from LOS F to the Peyton Widening project, the existing LOS E, thereby achieving the CMP performance overhead utilities on the south side of standard and reducing impacts to less than Eucalyptus Avenue near this intersection significant. will be relocated off of the existing shoulder. In order to improve the inter- TR-7 Improvements for Chino Hills Parkway at section’s capacity, it is recommended that Grand Avenue. Conduct Traffic Signal Re- Eucalyptus Avenue be completed as two- Timing to optimize intersection splits and lane collector and widened to four lanes to peak hour cycle length for Future Year the east and west of Peyton Drive. The 2027 traffic conditions. As shown in the following modification of eastbound and technical appendices, this improvement westbound approaches on Eucalyptus signifies that there is timing plan suitable Avenue are then recommended: for each of the AM and PM peak hour periods which allows the intersection to - Reconfigure eastbound approach lanes operate at LOS D, with acceptable delays from L-TR to L-T-TR and under the LOS E threshold for CMP - Reconfigure westbound approach lanes intersections. from L-TR-R to L-T-TR.

TR-8 Modify signal phasing for Peyton Drive at These improvements are recommended to Grand Avenue. This would include a mitigate the impacts of regional traffic on northbound right-turn protected overlap for the City of Chino Hills intersection and vehicles on Peyton Drive to turn east primarily are not required as a result of City concurrently with the westbound left-turn of Chino Hills build-out. phase on Grand Avenue. Westbound U-turns TR-10 Improvements for Pipeline Avenue at would be maintained, with the exception of Woodview Road. Install a painted “pork westbound truck U-turns which would be chop” median allowing for 1) a deceleration prohibited, as the eastbound roadway width lane for northbound vehicles turning left is sufficient and would not introduce conflict from northbound Pipeline Avenue onto with the northbound right-turn movement. westbound Woodview Road, and 2) an

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-235 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

acceleration lane for eastbound vehicle During PM peak hour, the following eight study turning left from Woodview Road to merge intersections would be significantly impacted by with northbound through traffic on Pipeline future traffic volume increases due to anticipated Avenue. This treatment would be installed new development under build-out (Year 2037) with appropriate taper lengths within an conditions. appropriate distance from the intersection, • Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Avenue and would not require reconfiguring any • Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive through lanes on other sections of Pipeline • Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon Road Avenue. The paved roadway width on • Chino Hills Parkway at Ramona Avenue Pipeline Avenue is 40 feet wide, and could • Chino Hills Parkway at Grand Avenue sufficiently provide for two 15-foot through • Peyton Drive at Grand Avenue lanes and a 10-foot center lane for the • Peyton Drive at Eucalyptus Avenue improvements in the vicinity of Woodview Road. Depending on the timing, the extension of Soquel Canyon Park Parkway Mitigation Measures for Year 2037 Traffic may alleviate the need for this improvement. Impacts All of the mitigation measures identified for Projected Year 2037 Impacts significant impacts in the Year 2027 scenario would be required to mitigate impacts in the Year 2037 Table 4-45 lists and Figure 4-24 illustrates scenario, plus the following additional mitigation projected build-out (Year 2037) conditions at the 10 measures. study area intersections, including “baseline” conditions due to ambient regional growth and the TR-11 Improvements to Chino Hills Parkway at traffic that would be added by the 13 new develop- Carbon Canyon Road. A significant number ment projects listed in Table 4-43 (page 4-226). The of additional trips are expected to originate results of the traffic impact analysis indicate the on Carbon Canyon and turn right (east) following study intersections would be significantly onto Chino Hills Parkway during both AM impacted by future anticipated development during and PM peak hours under future build-out the AM peak hour. conditions. As a measure to relieve the • Soquel Canyon Parkway at Butterfield Ranch impacts generated by this traffic, it is Road recommended that a large-radius, • Soquel Canyon Parkway at Pomona Rincon channelized right-turn lane be constructed Road on the Carbon Canyon Road approach of • Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Avenue the intersection. The channelized lane (CMP intersection) would allow for free right-turn movements • Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive to occur independently from the traffic • Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon Road signal operation, and would reduce delays (CMP intersection) by about 1 minute per vehicle, on average, • Chino Hills Parkway at Ramona Avenue during the worst AM and PM peak hours of (CMP intersection) the day. The shared through/right-turn • Chino Hills Parkway at Grand Avenue (CMP lane on Carbon Canyon Road would be intersection) rededicated as a through/left-turn lane and • Peyton Drive at Grand Avenue (CMP require some additional modification to the intersection) loops and/or traffic signal controller. • Peyton Drive at Eucalyptus Avenue

• Pipeline Avenue at Woodview Road

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-236 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-45 – Build-Out Year 2037 Level of Service (LOS) and Cumulative Development Impact Summary Location Level of Service Analysis [1] Project Impacts (2037) 25-Year (2037) Conditions Build-out Year 2037 Delay Signifi- Peak Existing Year 2012 Build-out Year 2037 Baseline [2] Plus Projects [2] V/C Change cant No. Intersection Hour V/C Delay LOS V/C Delay LOS V/C Delay LOS Change (sec/veh) Impact? 1 Soquel Canyon Pkwy. at Butterfield Ranch Rd. AM 0.898 51.6 D 1.108 110.6 F 1.136 120.1 F +0.028 +6.7 Yes PM 0.826 41.3 D 1.020 86.4 F 1.029 98.1 F +0.009 +7.8 No 2 Soquel Canyon Pkwy. at Pomona Rincon Dr. AM 0.893 41.4 D 1.115 117.3 F 1.213 153.0 F +0.098 +28.2 Yes PM 0.467 7.5 A 0.572 9.5 A 0.667 34.9 C +0.095 +17.3 No 3 Butterfield Ranch Rd. at Pine Ave. AM 0.381 14.5 B 0.432 16.4 B 0.465 18.2 B +0.033 +1.0 No PM 0.350 19.9 B 0.402 20.6 C 0.467 36.8 D +0.065 +6.8 No 4 Chino Hills Pkwy. at Pipeline Ave. AM 1.025 83.6 F 1.275 162.9 F 1.306 176.2 F +0.031 +11.8 Yes PM 1.210 146.1 F 1.511 268.4 F 1.602 316.1 F +0.091 +41.5 Yes 5 Chino Hills Pkwy. at Peyton Dr. AM 0.998 83.0 F 1.155 133.1 F 1.210 152.4 F +0.055 +11.6 Yes PM 1.188 129.5 F 1.349 213.5 F 1.426 242.1 F +0.077 +40.2 Yes 6 Chino Hills Pkwy. at Carbon Canyon Rd. AM 0.889 42.3 D 1.101 117.7 F 1.134 131.0 F +0.033 +4.0 Yes PM 1.438 191.3 F 1.803 337.4 F 1.927 394.2 F +0.124 +55.6 Yes 7 Grand Ave. at Peyton Dr. AM 0.882 58.1 E 1.092 127.9 F 1.115 136.3 F +0.023 +4.0 Yes PM 0.909 78.8 E 1.126 155.5 F 1.167 174.6 F +0.041 +9.2 Yes 8 Eucalyptus Ave. at Peyton Dr. AM 1.451 202.6 F 1.390 169.9 F 1.439 186.9 F +0.049 +16.2 Yes PM 1.428 177.6 F 1.370 173.9 F 1.408 203.1 F +0.038 +104.7 Yes 9 Pipeline Rd. at Woodview Rd. AM 1.059 68.2 F 1.328 1302.9 F 1.375 3734.4 F +0.047 +24.9 Yes PM 0.609 4.8 A 0.752 6.8 A 0.824 83.0 F +0.072 +0.0 No 10 Chino Ave. at Peyton Dr. AM 0.743 43.5 D 0.914 85.2 F 0.920 88.3 E +0.006 +1.4 No PM 0.768 83.9 F 0.956 170.6 F 0.963 175.9 F +0.007 +2.7 No V/C: Intersection volume-to-capacity ratio [1] Average intersection control delay reported in seconds per vehicle (sec/veh) [2] Includes estimated ambient annual growth of 1% per City direction, plus anticipated/approved transportation system improvements [3] Includes citywide development projects to be completed by the 25-year build-out period to 2037. Highlighted cells indicate a projected significant traffic impact due to cumulative development conditions

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-237 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-24 – Build-Out Year 2037 AM/PM Traffic Volumes and Level of Service

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-238 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Mitigation Measure TR-11 would fully eliminate TR-13 Improvements at Chino Hills Parkway at significant peak hour traffic impacts under the Ramona Avenue Year 2037 cumulative scenario. 1. Add exclusive westbound left-turn Given the existing absence of roadside develop- lane; ment, major utilities, and curb, gutter and sidewalk 2. Widen the roadway curb line on the features at this corner, this mitigation measure northeast corner of the intersection – appears to be feasible as a long-range project. It is adjacent to the vacant lot – and also noted that this signalized intersection is construct an exclusive westbound located on the designated SR-142 route through right-turn lane. This improvement the City and is shared by the City of Chino Hills and would require some right of way the State of California. Implementation of any acquisition as well as additional cost proposed or future mitigation measures; therefore, to relocate three existing utility poles will be contingent upon the state’s (Caltrans) in the existing sidewalk on the north acceptance/agreement and coordination of the side of Chino Hills Parkway east of improvements. Ramona Parkway; 3. Replace double-double striped TR-12 Improvements to Peyton Drive at Grand median with single-double yellow Avenue. Construct a right-turn “pork centerline and reconfigure the east leg chop” island at the southeast corner and to include the abovementioned install a free right-turn lane for north- include dual left-turn lanes, exclusive bound traffic on Peyton Drive turning east right-turn lane, as well as 10-foot onto Grand Avenue. This improvement through lanes in both directions, and will allow northbound right movements to maintain the existing 4-5' bike lane continue throughout the full cycle and into the neighboring City of Chino; utilize the dedicated turn lane beyond the and currently programmed northbound 4. Conduct Traffic Signal Re-Timing to through and overlap phases. These optimize intersection splits and peak improvements are recommended to hour cycle length mitigate the impacts of regional traffic on the City of Chino Hills intersection and With these measures, vehicular delays would be primarily are not required as a result of reduced by 358 sec/veh and the PM peak hour City of Chino Hills build-out. level of service would be improved from LOS F to an acceptable LOS E, thereby reducing impacts to Based on the existing roadway alignment and this CMP intersection to less than significant. opposing lane geometries on the eastbound approach to the intersection, this improvement TR-14 Improvements at Chino Hills Parkway at appears to be feasible and constructible. By Grand Avenue. Provide for a dual left-turn providing the free right-turn lane on the pocket in the southeast direction on Chino northbound approach, critical PM peak hour Hills Parkway to match the opposing delays will be significantly reduced at this northwest left-turn configuration on Chino intersection during the 25-year build-out period. Hills Parkway. This would require moderate The traffic signal timing/optimization improve- construction costs for signal modification, ments would only reduce delays to about 40% of pavement markings, lane reconfiguration the required amount to reach a less-than- and cut/removal and reconstruction of the significant impact level and no other feasible raised median north of Grand Avenue to mitigations have been identified.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-239 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

provide sufficient lateral width for the Plan Circulation Roadway Plan. This would second turn lane. allow motorists to use Peyton Drive as an alternate route to Pipeline Avenue, Improvement costs would include relocation of between Soquel Canyon Parkway and the existing sprinkler lines, irrigation control box, Carbon Canyon Road. removal of cobbles and adjustment of the existing storm drain inlet on the raised median to the finished roadway grade on Chino Hills Parkway. In Impact Finding addition to the dual left-turn pocket, redesign the Significant and unavoidable impact (for Chino AM and PM peak hour timing plans to optimize Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive, 2027 and 2037 the intersection offsets, cycle length and to traffic forecasts). accommodate the changes in traffic due to the addition of the southbound left-turn lane. Would the project: This mitigation measure would reduce AM and PM b) Conflict with an applicable congestion vehicular delays by 228 and 59 seconds per management program, including, but not vehicle, respectively, and improve intersection limited to level of service standards and travel performance to LOS D, above the CMP standard of demand measures or other standards LOS E. Impacts would thus be reduced to less established by the San Bernardino County than significant. Congestion Management Agency?

TR-15 Extend Soquel Canyon Parkway to Peyton Impact Discussion Drive. The intersection of Pipeline Avenue Congestion Management Program (CMP) Inter- at Woodview Road is expected to sections and Roadways in the City are listed experience a significant level of traffic below. delays under build-out conditions without the implementation of major intersection CMP Intersections improvements. This particular location is • Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Drive unique in that Pipeline Avenue serves as • Chino Hills Parkway at Ramon Avenue the only north/south street in the area • Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon which provides access between the Road southwest (Carbon Canyon) portion of the • Chino Hills Parkway at Grand Avenue City and southeast area (Los Serranos • Grand Avenue at Peyton Drive neighborhood). Thus, the 9,000 vehicles per day traveling through on Pipeline CMP Roadways Avenue is likely to increase without • Grand Avenue, from north city limits/Los expanding the existing infrastructure. Angeles County line to SR-71 Woodview Road similarly functions as a • Carbon Canyon Road, from west city connecting route from Pipeline Avenue to limits/Orange County line to Chino Hills Peyton Drive and Carbon Canyon Road. Parkway. This is SR-142, controlled by To relieve traffic congestion passing Caltrans • through Pipeline Avenue, and to mitigate Chino Hills Parkway, from north city traffic delays at the Woodview Road limits/Los Angeles County line to SR 71. intersection, the City will actively pursue This is a state route east of Carbon the extension of Soquel Canyon Parkway Canyon Road from its existing westerly terminus to The updated Circulation Element contains several Peyton Drive, consistent with the General actions (C-1.1.2, C-1.1.3, C-2.1.1, C-2.1.2,

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-240 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

C-2.1.3, and C-2.1.5) intended to maintain an • Chino Hills Parkway at Grand Avenue. Traffic efficient CMP network within the City, in volumes projected at this intersection in 2027 accordance with the performance standards set would result in a deficient AM peak hour LOS E forth in the CMP. This includes cooperation with in the baseline conditions and an LOS F with SANBAG and other cities to fund, design, build the addition of traffic from the cumulative and maintain the CMP network, preparation of development projects. The PM peak hour level traffic impact assessments to identify and of service is projected to be F for both baseline mitigate impacts of new development on the CMP and with cumulative development project network in accordance with CMP Guidelines, conditions, while vehicle delays would be coordination with SANBAG on Intelligent worsened to a significant extent by the Transportation System measures, and continued addition of traffic from the anticipated implementation of the countywide Trip Reduction cumulative development projects. Traffic Ordinance, pursuant to the CMP. All of these volumes projected for Year 2037 AM and PM actions will help achieve CMP performance peak hours indicate an LOS F for both baseline standards through ongoing monitoring, assess- and with cumulative development project ment of new development impacts, implementa- conditions, with significant additional vehicle tion of system management measures and by delays due to the traffic from cumulative reducing trips through demand management. development projects. Mitigation Measure TR-7 would achieve the CMP standard of LOS D for Proposed Circulation Element Action C-1.1.2 is to 2027 conditions, and this measure, plus “Maintain San Bernardino County Congestion mitigation measure TR-14, would achieve LOS Management Program (CMP) highway system D for 2037 conditions. These measures would roadway links and intersections at Level of thus reduce impacts to less than significant in Service E.” The General Plan Traffic Study the 15-year and 25-year growth scenarios. (Appendix I) analyzed impacts on the CMP network in accordance with this performance standard, as • Chino Hills Parkway at Carbon Canyon Road. follows. Traffic volumes projected at this intersection in 2027 and 2037 would result in a deficient LOS F, in the baseline conditions and with Intersections traffic added by anticipated new development. • Peyton Drive at Grand Avenue. Traffic volumes Traffic generated by anticipated new develop- projected at this intersection in 2027 and ment would worsen delays by a significant 2037 would result in a deficient LOS F, in the amount. Mitigation Measure TR-5, to modify baseline conditions and with traffic added by the signal phasing, would reduce impacts for anticipated new development. Traffic Year 2027 to less than significant. For Year generated by anticipated new development 2037 conditions, a channelized right turn lane would worsen delays by a significant amount, at the Carbon Canyon Road approach would in both future scenarios. Mitigation Measure be required to reduce impacts associated with TR-8, involving optimization of the traffic anticipated new development to less than signal, would reduce vehicle delay and reduce significant, as described in Mitigation Measure the impact associated with traffic from TR-11. anticipated new development to less than • Chino Hills Parkway at Pipeline Avenue. Traffic significant in the Year 2027 scenario. For Year volumes projected at this intersection in the 2037 conditions, Mitigation Measure TR-12 2027 and 2037 would result in a deficient would be required, to improve turning LOS F, in the baseline conditions and with movements and reduce PM peak hour delays traffic added by anticipated new development. to less than significant.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-241 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Traffic generated by anticipated new develop- analyzed for Existing (Year 2012), 15-year growth ment would worsen delays by a significant (Year 2027) and 25-year growth (Year 2037 or amount. Mitigation Measure TR-3 would General Plan Build-Out) scenarios. Link reduce impacts to less than significant in the performance (i.e., roadway segments between 2027 and 2037 scenarios through split signal intersections) was analyzed in accordance with phasing modifications. County CMP level of service standards and methodologies, which identify threshold hourly • Chino Hills Parkway at Ramona Avenue. In the volumes for the peak-hour peak direction level of projected year 2027 baseline traffic service as a function of roadway type, urban area conditions - i.e., reflecting ambient regional population, and the number of traffic signals per growth influences, both AM and PM peak mile. Results of that analysis are presented in hours would operate at a deficient LOS F. Table 4-46 below. Additional traffic generated by cumulative development projects would worsen vehicle As shown in Table 4-46, a deficient LOS F occurs delays and deteriorate the level of service along Carbon Canyon Road, between Lions further, in the PM peak hour, while AM peak Canyon Road and Chino Hills Parkway, under hour performance would be about the same Existing PM peak hour conditions. As the CMP’s as in the baseline condition. Implementation LOS thresholds are designed as a screening of mitigation measure TR-6 would improve method to identify potential performance this to LOS E and reduce the impact to less deficiencies on roadway segments, the City will than significant. In the projected Year 2037 need to analyze this segment in greater detail to baseline traffic condition, both peak hours verify the need to mitigate this portion of Carbon would operate at a deficient LOS F. Additional Canyon Road, between Lions Canyon Road and traffic generated by cumulative development Chino Hills Parkway, in accordance with the projects would worsen vehicle delays and methodologies set forth in Appendix C of the San deteriorate the level of service further, in the Bernardino County CMP. PM peak hour, while AM peak hour performance would be about the same as in The focused analysis will include collecting peak the baseline condition. Mitigation measure hour/direction “floating car” travel time runs TR-14 would improve the LOS E, reducing along the Carbon Canyon Road segment, and impacts to less than significant. computing and comparing the average link speed with the speed-based LOS thresholds in the latest version of the HCM. Through this effort, a more Mitigation Measures precise accounting of interregional trips and other As defined above, for each of the impacted CMP types of trips can be made, and the need for a intersections Deficiency Plan to improve the link performance can be confirmed or may also be determined to Impact Finding be unnecessary at this time. If needed, the Deficiency Plan will then include a list of Less than significant with mitigation incorporated improvements necessary for the deficient segment to maintain the minimum level of service Roadway Segments standard required and the estimated costs of the Traffic volumes along Grand Avenue, Carbon improvements. Canyon Road, and Chino Hills Parkway were

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-242 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-46 – CMP Segment Peak Hour/Direction Level of Service (LOS) Location Level of Service Analysis [1] Project Impacts (2037) 25-Year (2037) Conditions Build-out Year 2037 Build-out Year 2037 Plus Delay Signifi- Peak Existing Year 2012 Baseline [2] Projects [2] V/C Change cant No. Intersection Hour V/C Delay LOS V/C Delay LOS V/C Delay LOS Change (sec/veh) Impact? 1 Soquel Canyon Pkwy. at Butterfield Ranch Rd. AM 0.898 51.6 D 1.108 110.6 F 1.136 120.1 F +0.028 +6.7 Yes PM 0.826 41.3 D 1.020 86.4 F 1.029 98.1 F +0.009 +7.8 No 2 Soquel Canyon Pkwy. at Pomona Rincon Dr. AM 0.893 41.4 D 1.115 117.3 F 1.213 153.0 F +0.098 +28.2 Yes PM 0.467 7.5 A 0.572 9.5 A 0.667 34.9 C +0.095 +17.3 No 3 Butterfield Ranch Rd. at Pine Ave. AM 0.381 14.5 B 0.432 16.4 B 0.465 18.2 B +0.033 +1.0 No PM 0.350 19.9 B 0.402 20.6 C 0.467 36.8 D +0.065 +6.8 No 4 Chino Hills Pkwy. at Pipeline Ave. AM 1.025 83.6 F 1.275 162.9 F 1.306 176.2 F +0.031 +11.8 Yes PM 1.210 146.1 F 1.511 268.4 F 1.602 316.1 F +0.091 +41.5 Yes 5 Chino Hills Pkwy. at Peyton Dr. AM 0.998 83.0 F 1.155 133.1 F 1.210 152.4 F +0.055 +11.6 Yes PM 1.188 129.5 F 1.349 213.5 F 1.426 242.1 F +0.077 +40.2 Yes 6 Chino Hills Pkwy. at Carbon Canyon Rd. AM 0.889 42.3 D 1.101 117.7 F 1.134 131.0 F +0.033 +4.0 Yes PM 1.438 191.3 F 1.803 337.4 F 1.927 394.2 F +0.124 +55.6 Yes 7 Grand Ave. at Peyton Dr. AM 0.882 58.1 E 1.092 127.9 F 1.115 136.3 F +0.023 +4.0 Yes PM 0.909 78.8 E 1.126 155.5 F 1.167 174.6 F +0.041 +9.2 Yes 8 Eucalyptus Ave. at Peyton Dr. AM 1.451 202.6 F 1.390 169.9 F 1.439 186.9 F +0.049 +16.2 Yes PM 1.428 177.6 F 1.370 173.9 F 1.408 203.1 F +0.038 +104.7 Yes 9 Pipeline Rd. at Woodview Rd. AM 1.059 68.2 F 1.328 1302.9 F 1.375 3734.4 F +0.047 +24.9 Yes PM 0.609 4.8 A 0.752 6.8 A 0.824 83.0 F +0.072 +0.0 No 10 Chino Ave. at Peyton Dr. AM 0.743 43.5 D 0.914 85.2 F 0.920 88.3 E +0.006 +1.4 No PM 0.768 83.9 F 0.956 170.6 F 0.963 175.9 F +0.007 +2.7 No V/C: Intersection volume-to-capacity ratio [1] Average intersection control delay reported in seconds per vehicle (sec/veh) [2] Includes estimated ambient annual growth of 1% per City direction, plus anticipated/approved transportation system improvements [3] Includes citywide development projects to be completed by the 25-year build-out period to 2037. Highlighted cells indicate a projected significant traffic impact due to cumulative development conditions

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-243 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Potential deficiencies are forecast for Year 2027 • Cooperative procedures be established to conditions, including traffic from cumulative improve data exchange between the City of development projects along 1) Grand Avenue, Chino Hills, SCAG and SANBAG, and to between Peyton Drive and SR 71, 2) Carbon maintain the Riv-San Valley Area CMP Canyon Road between Lions Canyon Road and model for use in the City of Chino Hills; and Chino Hills Parkway, 3) Chino Hills Parkway • Agreement with Caltrans to conduct traffic between Carbon Canyon Road and Pipeline Road, counts, provide LOS analyses and develop and 4) Chino Hills Parkway between Pipeline Road mitigation plans for state highway and Ramona Avenue. Potential deficiencies are segments within the City of Chino Hills. forecast for Year 2037 conditions, with the additional traffic generated by cumulative Mitigation Measure development projects, along the same four segments impacted under Year 2027 traffic None required forecasts. Since these are future forecast conditions that may or may not occur at the same Impact Finding magnitude and in the same time frames, and Less than significant impact would be subject to later, more refined traffic analyses, these are not considered to be significant impacts of the General Plan Update. Would the project: c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, Since the CMP roadway network and the adjacent including either an increase in traffic levels or land uses in the City are largely built out, and a change in location that results in substantial with environmental constraints occurring along safety risks? portions of Carbon Canyon Road such as steep topography and sensitive habitat, it would be Impact Discussion extremely difficult to widen the CMP segments to provide additional traffic capacity. Through its Future development in the City, in accordance with ongoing traffic network monitoring program, the the proposed updated Land Use Element, would City will continue to maintain its traffic count continue the existing low-scale and low density database and regularly assess performance of the land use patterns that have been built, as well as CMP links throughout the City, over time, so that the low-scale land use types and intensities future link deficiencies can be identified if they identified in the existing General Plan, with a few occur and cooperative efforts with the San exceptions where more intensive mixed use Bernardino County Transportation Commission development is encouraged along major can be undertaken to address potential solutions, transportation nodes. Maximum building heights in including alternatives to physical expansions of any of the City’s zone district designations the roadways. This would include periodic re- generally do not exceed 45 feet, which is well evaluation of the CMP network, requiring that: below a height that could intrude into air traffic space. In the Business Park/Light Industrial district, • Traffic impact studies be prepared in there are no specified height limits; however, the accordance with CMP standards for new demand for such space, coupled with meeting the development projects that generate more City’s parking and landscape standards, effectively than the CMP threshold levels of trips to limit building heights to less than 45 feet. Freeway affected CMP links and intersections; signs may reach 100 feet high, and architectural • The City and/or its consultants confirm projections on commercial buildings may extend to potential deficient segments on CMP links 80 feet high, with City approval. These heights using travel time runs for validation; would not intrude into air traffic space.

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-244 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The City is not within the boundary of any airport such as farm equipment or oversized truck loads land use plan because it lies outside the clear that are often large and slow to maneuver. This zones and approach zones associated with any of circumstance is not a result of implementing the the nearest airports, including the Chino Hills General Plan, but due to activities of private land Airport and Ontario International Airport. As such, uses. Operation of farm equipment or other implementation of the General Plan Update would atypical motorized equipment on City streets or have no effect on air traffic patterns or their state highways would require authorization from locations. Future growth within the City would the City Engineer and/or Caltrans to ensure that contribute to long-range, cumulative increases in temporary traffic controls or other precautions are demand for air travel and air freight transportation in place to prevent possible hazards due to unique at various regional airports; however, the growth types of traffic. within the City would not be sufficient, by itself, to warrant any changes in the location or operations Mitigation Measure of any airports. None required

Mitigation Measure Impact Finding None required No impact

Impact Finding Would the project: No impact e) Result in inadequate emergency access?

Would the project: Impact Discussion d) Substantially increase hazards due to a design This significance threshold is intended for feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous project-specific reviews, rather than broad, long- intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm range planning programs such as the proposed equipment)? General Plan Update, which would not authorize any particular land use approval or any site- Impact Discussion specific project design. The Roadway Plan in the updated Circulation The City’s street network is designed to provide Element does not include any new segments that for emergency access by fire and ambulance were not identified in the current Circulation vehicles and crews, and any new development Element. The three planned new segments are project is required to provide adequate identified in conceptual alignments, and the emergency access prior to occupancy. The Chino roadways have not been engineered or designed. Valley Independent Fire District (CVIFD) reviews At such time as they are programmed and funded new development proposals to ensure there is for design and construction, the City will apply its sufficient space to place fire trucks, apparatus, then current street design standards that are and crews within the required distances of new created to provide safety for motorists and other structures. The proposed General Plan Update users of the streets. As such, no adverse impacts would not affect any of the City’s existing involving safety hazards are anticipated due to development standards pertaining to vehicular design features of the City’s street network. access, street design standards, or oversight by There may be some occasions where an unusual the CVIFD and would have no effect on type of motor vehicle traffic occurs on a City street, emergency access.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-245 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Several provisions in the updated Circulation Goal C-3: Provide Safe and Adequate Pedestrian, Element are intended to emphasize safety in the Bicycle, and Public Transportation Systems to design of the transportation network, as well as Provide Alternatives to Single Occupant Vehicular through access controls. This includes Actions Travel and to Support Land Uses [New] C-1.2.4, C-1.2.5, C-1.2.7, C-1.2.8, and C-1.2.9. Policy C-3.1: Encourage the use of public transportation for commute and local, and Mitigation Measure increase citywide transit ridership. [New]

None Action C-3.1.1: Work with OmniTrans and/or other bus providers to expand transit routes Impact Finding serving the City and the surrounding communities. [Existing Policy 2-14] No impact Action C-3.1.2: Work with OmniTrans and/or other bus providers to assess and provide Would the project: paratransit services for low-income, elderly, f) Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or disabled, and other residents in need of programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or access assistance. [New] pedestrian facilities, or otherwise decrease Action C-3.1.3: Require bus turn-outs in the performance of such facilities? residential, commercial, and industrial public Impact Discussion use areas. [Existing Policy 2-16] The proposed General Plan Update would not Action C-3.1.4: Plan for a transit station change any of the existing transit, bicycle or within walking distance (as determined by pedestrian routes or facilities that currently exist state and regional policy) of Grand Avenue in the City, and would not change any of the and Peyton Drive. [New] adopted policies, plans, or programs created to Policy C-3.2: Support other alternatives to single- facilitate travel by these alternative modes. occupant vehicular travel. [New]

The updated General Plan would add a goal, Action C-3.2.1: Work with the Chino Valley policies, and actions to encourage and facilitate Unified School District to implement ride local public transit and would expand the bicycle sharing, bike routes, and other non-single- and pedestrian networks, in concert with new occupant vehicle transportation options. development and as a continuation of existing [New] programs to develop a comprehensive bicycle and Action C-3.2.3: Support the citywide Bicycle pedestrian travel network. Proposed Circulation Master Plan and bikeway improvements. [New] Element policies and actions that would directly support transit, bicycle, and pedestrian travel, With new Mixed Use designations in the Land Use provide increased travel options for disadvan- Element, the City is encouraging new, higher taged and low-income persons, and implement density land uses that mix residential and the objectives of the California Complete Streets commercial activities in the same place and in Act, are listed below. Action C-3.1.4, in proximity to major transportation nodes, so that particular, represents a strong commitment to it is easier for people to walk, bicycle, or take expand transit services in the City. transit to/from their homes and jobs in those areas. Circulation Element goals, policies, and actions that are intended to balance and site land uses in a manner that reduces dependency on single-occupant automobile trips and provide for

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-246 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

better access to travel options such as transit, response to item 4.14.7.a (page 4-229). As bicycle and pedestrian pathways are listed below. discussed therein, all potentially significant impacts to study area intersections would be Goal C-4: Encourage Development That Supports mitigated to less than significant levels by Balanced Land Uses and Alternative Modes of Mitigation Measures TR-1 thru TR-15, except at Transportation That Reduce the Reliance on the Chino Hills Parkway and Peyton Drive, where the Automobile [New] proposed signal timing optimization measure (see TR-4) would not fully reduce cumulative impacts Policy C-4.1: Plan for high density mixed use below a significant level. Additional improve- development close to regional transit and non- ments to physically expand that intersection are vehicular transportation corridors. [New] considered to be infeasible. Action C-4.1.1: Locate high density housing within walking distance of transit, as New traffic generated by land uses within the City determined by state and regional policies. would combine with traffic generated by land [New] uses outside the City, and this would add to congestion problems along regional routes that Action C-4.1.2: Require mixed use and/or carry traffic through the City to other areas. high density development to incorporate Regional routes that would be affected by City pedestrian-oriented design elements, such as growth include elements of the countywide CMP accessibility to transit; safe pedestrian network discussed in the response to item connections and crossings; parks and public 4.14.7.a (page 4-229). Please refer to that section open spaces; street furniture, attractive for a discussion of CMP impacts and mitigation pedestrian-oriented design at the street level; measures, along with updated Circulation Element street facing buildings; and street trees and policies and actions to maintain an effective CMP landscaping. [New] network in and beyond the City. With the The General Plan Update would have beneficial mitigation measures identified for impacts to the impacts involving transit, bicycle, and pedestrian CMP network, the cumulative impact of the travel. General Plan update on regional routes would be less than significant.

Mitigation Measure Traffic safety issues associated with design None features or incompatible uses are highly localized and the General Plan Update would not contribute to cumulative traffic safety impacts of this nature. Impact Finding The General Plan Update would not change any No impact existing development standards to ensure sufficient access to by emergency vehicles and 4.14.8 Cumulative Impacts would not change any routes available for emergency access and evacuation.

Impact Discussion As noted in the preceding response to item 4.14.7.a (page 4-229), the City will continue to Future residential and non-residential growth in work with OmniTrans to improve and expand the City will generate additional vehicular traffic public transit services within the City. This will that will contribute to cumulative impacts on the also help to improve connectivity and usefulness local and regional transportation network. of transit services beyond the City, thereby Cumulative impacts to the local street network increasing the use and effectiveness of transit throughout the City were fully assessed in the

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic page 4-247 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

services that connect to regional centers in San Impact Finding Bernardino County and to neighboring counties. Significant and unavoidable impact - Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive, for Year 2027 and Year Mitigation Measures 2037 traffic forecasts TR-1 through TR-15 Less than significant impact with Mitigation Measures incorporated for all other study area intersections

Section 4.14 – Transportation/Traffic Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-248 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

northern portion of the City is served by lateral

4.15 Utilities and Service Systems and trunk sewers that are predominantly gravity- fed to the Inland Empire Utilities Agency (IEUA) This section discusses existing water, wastewater, interceptor, for conveyance to IEUA’s regional storm drainage, and solid waste disposal systems wastewater treatment plant No. 5 (RP-5), located in the City of Chino Hills (City), pertinent at 6063 Kimball Avenue, in Chino. The southern regulatory frameworks affecting these systems, portion of the City is served by IEUA Carbon and evaluates potential impacts associated with Canyon Water Recycling Facility (CCWRF) that build-out of the City in accordance with the works in tandem with Regional Plant No. 2 (RP-2) proposed Land Use Map. The beneficial effects of and serves the areas of Chino, Chino Hills, existing master utility plans, water resource Montclair and Upland. CCWRF is located at 14950 management programs, and solid waste Telephone Avenue in Chino. management programs are considered. The western, hilly side of the City, which includes The information concerning the water and Tonner and Carbon Canyons, is served by on-site wastewater provided in this section is based on septic systems. An exception is the Western Hills the City of Chino Hills 2010 Urban Water Master Mobile Home Trailer Park adjacent to the Western Plan (UWMP).98 Information regarding storm Hills Golf Course, which has its own private drainage is based on information provided by City reclamation plant that also supplies reclaimed of Chino Hills Storm Drain Master Plan, updated water to irrigate the golf course. February 2010.99 Information regarding landfills and solid waste has been provided by Republic Services.100 Supporting information for these Inland Empire Utilities Agency (IEUA) topics has been based on the City Engineering The IEUA was formed by popular vote of its Department, city website, IEUA website and IEUA residents in June 1950 as the Chino Basin Municipal website.101 Water District to become a member agency of the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California 4.15.1 Existing Conditions (MWDSC) for the purpose of importing supplemental State Water Project (SWP) water and 1. Wastewater Treatment Facilities augmenting local stream and groundwater Wastewater collection and conveyance within the supplies. According to the IEUA 2010 Urban Water City is provided by the City’s Sewer Division. The Master Plan (adopted June 1, 2011), the IEUA service area has a population of approximately 850,000 residents. The 242-square-mile service

area generally encompasses the Chino Basin. Chino 98 City of Chino Hills 2010 Urban Water Management Plan, prepared by RBF Consulting, May 2012; Hills is a member agency of the IEUA. available at City of Chino Hills Community IEUA provides industrial/municipal wastewater Development Department offices collection and treatment services, sewage 99 City of Chino Hills Storm Drain Master Plan, updated treatment, co-composting of manure and February 2010; available at City of Chino Hills Community Development Department offices municipal bio-solids, desalinization of groundwater 100 Mr. Dave Alt, Republic Services, February 6, 2014 supplies, and disposal of non-reclaimable 101 http://www.chinohills.org/index.aspx?nid=1034, industrial wastewater and brine. IEUA also supplies http://www.chinohills.org/index.aspx?nid=22, recycled water to the City, as well as the cities of http://www.ieua.org/facilities/ccwrf.html, Chino, Fontana, Montclair, Ontario, and Upland, http://www.chinohills.org/index.aspx?nid=240, and the Monte Vista Water District, the Jurupa http://www.republicservices.com/site/chino-hills- Community Services District, and the Cucamonga ca/en/pages/home.aspx, each accessed numerous times during January 2014 Valley Water District.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-249 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The City’s wastewater collection system, which and the Western Municipal Water District. The serves the higher-density land uses throughout the contract operator is the IEUA, and the City, conveys all City-collected wastewater to IEUA administrative entity is the JCSD. With the for treatment and reuse or disposal. completion of the Chino II Desalter, the City is subscribed to 4.0 million gallons per day (MGD) in Wastewater Generation the Chino Desalter facilities which could provide over 20% of its total water supplies. The UWMP projects City wastewater flows based on a proportion of its water use. Historically, the Historical water production for the City from 2005- UWMP estimates that wastewater production has 06 through 2010-11 is listed in Table 4-48. Figure been approximately 50% of the City’s internal 4-25 shows the relative locations of each supply water needs. The UWMP estimates of City source provided to the City, as well as the location of the Chino Basin. wastewater flows are presented in Table 4-47.

2. Water Recycled Water

Water Supply IEUA currently supplies more than 1,600 acre- feet per year of recycled water to the City from its The City’s water supply comes from local and CCWRF and Regional Reclamation Plant No. 5, 102 imported sources. Production facilities include. both located in Chino. CCWRF’s product water 1. Monte Vista Water District (MVWD) from delivery system includes over four miles of combined imported water and pipeline for service to the cities of Chino and groundwater Chino Hills. The CCWRF has been operational 2. Water Facilities Authority which imports since 1992 with a current Plant capacity of 11.4 raw water from the State Water Project MGD for irrigation and agricultural use. Recycled and the Colorado River, for treatment at water produced at the CCWRF enters the City's the Agua de Lejos Water Treatment Plant recycled water system from Chino Hills Parkway. 3. City of Chino Hills groundwater wells Plant No. 5 has been operational since 2004 and 4. Desalted water from the Chino Basin has a current plant capacity to produce 16.3 MGD Desalter Authority (CDA) recycled water. 5. Recycled water from the Inland Empire Utilities Agency (IEUA). The City's existing recycled water system lies in the southeastern portions of the City. The system The CDA is a joint powers agency formed to layout is typical of most recycled water systems – achieve sustainable management of water quality in a relatively simple transmission system layout the lower portions of the Chino Basin through the aimed at new development and high water use construction of desalter facilities. SAWPA, in customers (such as golf courses and regional cooperation with IEUA, WMWD, and the Orange parks). A system of pump stations, pipelines, and County Water District (OCWD), formed SAWPA reservoirs deliver recycled water from its source Project Committee #14, which initiated the Chino 1 at the east delivering water westerly through a Desalter. The CDA was subsequently formed by series of pressure zones. The recycled water agencies subscribing to capacity in the new usage is primarily landscape irrigation for golf desalters. The City is a capacity shareholder in the courses, parks, and landscaped medians. CDA along with the cities of Ontario, Chino, and Norco, and the Jurupa Community Services District (JCSD), the San Antonio Water Company (SAWCo),

102 Chino Hills 2010 Urban Water Management, May 2012

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-250 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-47 – City of Chino Hills Projected Wastewater Flows Type 2005-06 2010-11 2014-15 2019-20 2024-25 2029-30 2034-35 Wastewater generation (MGD) 7.14 7.90 8.01 8.24 8.61 8.98 9.35 Wastewater generation (AFY) 8,001 8,846 8,975 9,225 9,640 10,060 10,475 Note: FY 2005-06 figures taken from 'Existing' flows recorded in the October 2005 Master Plan, Table 6-3. All future flows assumed to approximate a similar ratio of wastewater generation to water production – 50% – as indicated by projected demands and flows in the City of Chino Hills’ Water and Sewer Master Plans, respectively.

Table 4-48 – Historical Water Production, Acre-Feet Water Supply Sources 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Average Imported water (WFA) 12,049 10,346 7,958 5,411 1,114 1,152 6,398 Imported water and groundwater (MVWD) 1,402 3,090 4,494 5,386 9,035 6,697 5,017 Groundwater (City) 852 2,010 2,490 1,905 1,446 1,986 1,781 Desalted water [1] 1,954 2,290 1,339 4,295 4,395 4,266 3,090 Recycled water 948 1,634 1,480 1,237 1,525 1,614 1,406 Total produced for use 17,205 19,370 17,761 18,234 17,515 16,075 17,692 Note: Chino Hills supplied wholesale water to Jurupa Community Services District from June 2006 through October 2006, and from June 2007 through November 2007 through its capacity entitlements to CDA water. The production for the impacted fiscal years (2005-06, 06-07 and 07-08) excludes supply produced for the District.

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-251 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Figure 4-25 – Water Supply Sources

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-252 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Major recycled water users within the City include stations, and 19 reservoirs, with more than the Big League Dreams recreational sports park, 21,000 individual service connections. the Los Serranos Golf Course and the Vellano Tables Table 4-49 through Table 4-53 present Country Club golf course, and the City itself which the UWMP projections for City future water needs uses recycled water for parks and public through the 2035. The projections are based on landscaped areas. Potential recycled water 5-year increments for a 20-year period, and conversion sites include an additional golf course presented by class of water user, number of (Western Hills Country Club), Ayala High School, account and AFY of water demand. These and Boys Republic. projections indicate that water requirements for In February 1998, the City enacted Ordinance No. Year 2035 represent an 18% increase over Year 101, adding Chapter 15.08 Regulations for the 2010/11 average conditions. Availability and Use of Reclaimed Water of the Table 4-49 – 2014/15 Projected Water Demand Chino Hills Municipal Code. The City's current Number of Water Demand retail recycled water rate is 70% of the City's Customer Class Accounts (AFY) potable water rate. Residential (SF) 19,914 11,476 Residential (MF) 652 859 Water Consumption Commercial/Institutional 810 4,240 Agricultural - - As a predominantly residential community, Landscape/Rec Water 108 1,382* private residences and residential landscape is Other - - the largest consumer of water in the City. Total 21,484 17,950 Residential water usage accounts for City Engineering Department indicates that recycled water currently approximately 69% of total consumption. accounts for approximately 1,600 acre feet per year of demand and that this demand is expected to increase by about 50 acre feet per year over the next 20 years. Commercial and institutional water usage accounts for 11% of the City's total water consumption. Agricultural use within the City is Table 4-50 – 2019/20 Projected Water Demand limited to grazing lands and some agricultural Number of Water Demand production at Boys Republic and a commercial Customer Class Accounts (AFY) agricultural area in the southeastern portion of Residential (SF) 20,466 11,794 the City. This use accounts for less than 1% of the Residential (MF) 670 883 Commercial/Institutional 832 4,357 City's total water use. Landscaping and golf Agricultural - - courses that utilize recycled water account for the Landscape/Rec Water 111 1,420 remaining 8%. Other - - Total 22,080 18,450 Since 2005 potable water demand for landscaping

has declined significantly due to the City’s increased use of recycled water for this purpose. Table 4-51 – 2024/25 Projected Water Demand Other water uses within the City usually involve Number of Water Demand street and sewer cleaning, fire hydrant flushing, Customer Class Accounts (AFY) construction, and other temporary uses. Residential (SF) 21,393 12,329 Residential (MF) 701 923 The City owns and maintains the local water Commercial/Institutional 870 4,555 Agricultural - - system that delivers water from the primary Landscape/Rec Water 116 1,484 supply sources identified earlier to individual Other - - consumers. The City’s water system presently Total 23,080 19,280 consists of 319 miles of water mains, 12 pump

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-253 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Table 4-52 – 2029/30 Projected Water Demand information, the Master Plan outlines a storm Number of Water Demand drain system improvement plan that identifies Customer Class Accounts (AFY) preliminary sizing for future storm drains that will Residential (SF) 22,320 12,863 Residential (MF) 731 963 be constructed either by development projects or Commercial/Institutional 908 4,752 through the City Capital Improvement Program. Agricultural - - Most of the planned storm drain facilities are Landscape/Rec Water 121 1,549 designed to provide capacity for 100-year events. Other - - Total 24,081 20,120 The City is located in the 275-square-mile Zone 1 of the County of San Bernardino Flood Control District (SBCFCD). SBCFCD owns and maintains Table 4-53 – 2034/35 Projected Water Demand flood control channels in the City, including Los Number of Water Demand Customer Class Accounts (AFY) Serranos, English, and Carbon Canyon Channels. Residential (SF) 23,247 13,398 These facilities are designed and located to Residential (MF) 762 1,003 control flooding along streams and to move flood Commercial/Institutional 946 4,949 waters through and away from developed lands Agricultural - - and the streets and highway network. Landscape/Rec Water 127 1,613 Other - - Total 25,081 20,950 4. Landfills/Solid Waste Current Solid Waste Generation 3. Storm Water Drainage Facilities Data compiled by Republic Services, the City’s The City owns and maintains storm drainage franchised trash disposal service, indicates that facilities throughout the City’s street network, to the City currently generates approximately 2.8 collect runoff from adjacent developed and pounds of trash per day per capita, and 62% of all undeveloped land. The City’s drainage system the City’s trash is diverted from landfill disposal consists of approximately 83 miles of underground through materials recovery and recycling pipelines, inlet and outlet structures, a variety of efforts.103 filtering mechanisms and detention basins. Drainage facilities in the oldest parts of the City, Landfills were constructed prior to development of the first large master plans and prior to City incorporation, Currently, solid waste from the City is hauled by when more comprehensive and improved standards Republic Services, the City’s franchised hauler, to for drainage systems were enacted. Additional material recovery facilities in Anaheim, with the details describing the City’s storm drainage remaining waste taken to the Olinda Alpha facilities are provided in Section 4.9.1, Existing Landfill located at 1942 North Valencia Avenue in Conditions (beginning on page 4-147 of this EIR). Brea. Olinda Alpha is owned and operated by the County of Orange Integrated Waste Management The City of Chino Hills Storm Drain Master Plan, Department (IWMD). Opened in 1960, the landfill is updated February 2010, identifies current storm approximately 565 acres with about 420 acres drain deficiencies and plans to remedy these permitted for refuse disposal. Currently the landfill deficiencies. To assess deficiencies, the Storm is scheduled to terminate importation of any out- Drain Master Plan divided the City into 12 of-county waste within the next five years, and is drainage basins and analyzed each area to expected to reach capacity by 2030. At that time, determine estimated storm water run-off based the City will have a number of alternative sites to on 10-, 25-, and 100-year storm events, and assessed the capacity of 200 of the City’s existing storm drain facilities. Based on this run-off 103 Mr. Dave Alt, Republic Services, February 6, 2014

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-254 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

which to transfer their waste, including the Otay development and enforcement of water quality Landfill in Chula Vista, the Sycamore Canyon objectives to meet the requirements of the Federal Landfill in San Diego County near the San Diego Clean Water Act, California Porter-Cologne Act, and Santee border, the Sunshine Canyon Landfill in and the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination Sylmar, the Apex Landfill in Clark County Nevada, System (NPDES). The SARWQCB Water Quality and other landfills owned and operated by Republic Control Plan for the Upper portion of the Santa Services, which currently operates 13 landfills in Ana Watershed outlines specific water quality California.104 management actions to address water quality and salt (total dissolved solids) build up within the Recycling Program Chino Basin. These included the construction of a large well field and desalters in the lower part of In conjunction with trash pick-up, the City the Basin to extract and treat poor quality water; operates a recycling program, “Chino Hills the construction of a pipeline to export brines Recycles,” that directs customers to sort trash from the upper Basin to the ocean; and the use of into three separate bins: large volumes of low total dissolved solids (TDS) water for groundwater recharge. The brine . Gray Bin for household metal, plastic, pipeline (known Inland Empire Brine Line) has been glass and paper products; in operation since 1975. In addition, two ground- . Black Bin for yard waste . Green Bin for food and animal waste, and water desalting plants are in place. other trash that does not sort into either IEUA’s regional wastewater treatment and the Gray or Black Bin. reclamation facilities operate in accordance with the Waste Discharge Requirements established by 4.15.2 Regulatory Framework the Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control 1. Wastewater Regulations Board, through issuance of an NPDES Permit at each facility. These permits set restrictions on Porter Cologne (Porter-Cologne) Water Quality treatment volumes and processes and handling of Control Act. Under the Porter-Cologne Water discharges from the treatment plants into surface Quality Control Act, which was passed in and ground waters. California in 1969, the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) has the ultimate authority 2. Water Regulations over state water rights and water quality policy. Safe Drinking Water Act. The Safe Drinking Water Porter-Cologne also establishes nine RWQCBs to Act of 1974 (SDWA), codified as Section 303 et oversee water quality on a day-to-day basis at seq. of the Clean Water Act (CWA), provides for: the local/regional level. Regional Boards engage 1) establishment of primary regulations for the in a number of water quality functions in their protection of the public health; 2) establishment respective regions. Regional Boards regulate all of secondary regulations relating to the taste, pollutant or nuisance discharges that may affect odor, and appearance of drinking water; either surface water or groundwater. The City of 3) measures to protect underground drinking Chino Hills is overseen by the Santa Ana RWQCB water sources; and 4) record-keeping, inspection, (SARWQCB). and issuance of regulations. The primary The Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control standards are designed to provide maximum Board (SARWQCB) is responsible for the feasible protection of the public health, utilizing the best treatment methods generally available. The SDWA was amended in 1986 and 1996, and 104 Source: Quarterly Disposal Reports, San Bernardino specifies requirements to protect drinking water County Solid Waste Management

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-255 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

and its sources: rivers, lakes, reservoirs, springs, supplier that provides water to 3,000 or more and ground water wells. In addition to protecting customers, or that provides over 3,000 acre-feet water sources, the 1996 amendments enhanced of water annually, make every effort to ensure the provisions of the law relative to operator training, appropriate level of reliability in its water service funding for water system improvements, and sufficient to meet the needs of its various public information as important components of categories of customers during normal, dry, and safe drinking water. multiple dry years. Every urban water supplier is required to prepare and adopt an urban water California Water Code. As required under the management plan that must address: current and Urban Water Management Planning Act (UWMPA), projected water supplies, water demand, supply codified in §§10610-10656 in Division 5 of the reliability, conservation measures, response to CWC, “[e]very urban water supplier shall prepare potential water shortages, and an evaluation of and adopt an urban water management plan in waters supply and demand. the manner set forth in Article 3 (commencing with §10640)” (§10620[a], CWC). As defined City of Chino Hills Urban Water Management Plan. therein, an “urban water supplier” is defined as a The 2010 update of the City of Chino Hills' Urban publicly or privately owned supplier providing Water Management Plan (UWMP) was prepared in water for municipal purposes either directly or accordance with the California Urban Water indirectly to more than 3,000 customers or Management Planning Act which requires plans to supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet (AF) of be submitted to the State of California Depart- water annually (§10617, CWC). Each urban water ment of Water Resources (DWR) every five years. supplier shall update its plan at least once every The City adopted previous Plans in 1995, 2000, five years (§10621, CWC). and 2005. The City’s UWMP serves as the primary source documentation for future Water Supply Senate Bills 610 and 221, which became effective Assessments and Written Verifications required on January 1, 2002, amended state law to under SB 610 and SB 221. improve the link between information on water supply availability and certain land-use decisions City of Chino Hills Municipal Code Chapter 13.08. made by cities and counties in California. SB 610 Water Conservation. This ordinance establishes and SB 221 are companion measures that seek to municipal procedures to respond and minimize promote more collaborative planning between impacts of water shortages through the practice local water supplies and cities and counties. The of water conservation pursuant to California two statutes require that detailed information Water Code §375 et seq., based upon the need to regarding water availability be provided to conserve water supplies and to avoid or minimize decision-makers prior to approval of specific the effects of any future shortage. large development projects and that information City of Chino Hills Municipal Code Chapter 13.32. be included in the administrative record that Reclaimed Water Regulations. This ordinance serves as the evidentiary basis for an approval reiterates the City’s policy that reclaimed water action on such projects. SB 610 requirements do should be used for any purpose approved for not apply to the general plans of cities or reclaimed water use, when it is economically, counties, but rather to specific development financially, technically and institutionally feasible projects. to do so. Use of potable water for nondomestic Urban Water Management Planning Act. In 1983, uses is contrary to City policy, and is to be the California Legislature enacted the Urban avoided to the maximum extent feasible. This Water Management Planning Act (Division 6 ordinance establishes rules and regulations for Part 2.6 of the California Water Code §§10610- the safe and orderly development of a reclaimed 10656). The Act requires every urban water water system to serve the entire City. The City

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-256 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

may approve use of reclaimed water for any or all City of Chino Hills Municipal Code Chapter 13.16. of the following purposes, in accordance with all Storm Drain System. This ordinance establishes applicable public health regulations: municipal procedures for controlling and/or eliminating non-storm water discharges into the • Agricultural irrigation city storm drain systems. This will be • Commercial uses accomplished by eliminating all non-permitted • Construction discharges to the municipal separate storm • Groundwater recharge sewers, controlling the discharge to municipal • Industrial processes separate storm sewers from spills, dumping or • Landscape irrigation disposal of materials other than storm water, and • Landscape and/or recreational reducing pollutants in storm water discharges to impoundment the maximum extent practicable. • Wildlife habitat 4. Solid Waste Regulation 3. Storm Drainage Regulations Solid Waste Management Act. The California National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Integrated Solid Waste Management Act of 1989 (NPDES): NPDES, as described above, is (AB 939), codified in Division 30, §40000 et seq. administered by the Environmental Protection of the Public Resources Code, requires every City Agency (U.S. EPA), which provides oversight in and county in the state to reduce or recycle 25% California to the Regional Water Quality Control of the solid wastes disposed in landfills by the Boards. The CWA established the NPDES permit year 1995 and 50% by the year 2000. For those system to regulate discharges to surface waters jurisdictions unable to meet AB 939 diversion of the U.S. from municipal and industrial sources. objectives and established deadlines, monetary The NPDES permit is required to identify limits on penalties can be imposed against those agencies. allowable concentrations and mass emissions of As required under AB 939, each City and county pollutants contained in discharges. The NPDES shall prepare a “source reduction and recycling regulations are intended to improve storm water element” (SRRE), a “household hazardous waste quality discharged to receiving waters to the element” (HHWE), and a “non-disposal facility “maximum extent practicable” (MEP) through the element” (NDFE). The SRRE serves to document implementation of structural and non-structural the agency’s existing waste stream and delineates Best Management Practices (BMPs). BMPs may the agency’s solid waste diversion plans. The range from regulatory measures (local design HHWE specifies how each jurisdiction will safely requirements for drainage facilities); public policy collect, recycle, treat, and dispose of its measures (labeling of storm drain inlets to notify household hazardous wastes (HHW). The NDFE public of potential impacts on receiving waters identifies all existing and proposed non-disposal caused by dumping); public education facilities needed to implement the SRRE. (educational campaigns or posted signage); and/or, structural measures (installation of grass Solid Waste Reuse and Recycling Act. The swales or detention ponds). California Solid Waste Reuse and Recycling Access Act of 1991 (AB 1327), codified in §§42900- The City’s storm drainage system operates in through 42911 of the California Public Resources accordance with a countywide NPDES Municipal Code, requires that the California Integrated Separate Storm Sewer System Discharge (MS-4) Waste Management Board (CIWMB) draft a model Permit issued by the Santa Ana Regional Water ordinance requiring the designation of areas for Quality Control Board. collecting and loading recyclable materials in “development projects.” As defined in §42905 of

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-257 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

the Public Resources Code, “development related to the collection, transfer and disposal of projects” include: “(a) A project for which a solid waste, recyclables, and compostables, or building permit will be required for a commercial, any combination of the three. industrial, or institutional building, marina, or City of Chino Hills Municipal Code Chapter 13.40 residential building having five or more living Materials and Waste Management Plan for units, where solid waste is collected and loaded Construction and Demolition Projects. This and any residential project where solid waste is section of the Municipal Code establishes collected and loaded in a location serving five or requirements to prepare project level waste more units. (b) Any new public facility where solid management plans and implement measures to waste is collected and loaded and any reduce construction and demolition wastes and to improvements for areas of a public facility used divert such wastes from landfills. for collecting and loading solid waste.”

California Integrated Waste Management Board 4.15.3 Thresholds of Significance (CIWMB). The California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB) maintains a website Environmental impacts relative to utilities and providing the current status of all closed, active, service systems are evaluated in this section and proposed solid waste facilities in the state, based on Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. known as the Solid Waste Information System Accordingly, implementation of the General Plan (SWIS).105 The types of facilities found in this Update could potentially have a significant database include landfills, transfer stations, adverse impact if it would: material recovery facilities, composting sites, a) Exceed wastewater treatment requirements transformation facilities, waste tire sites, and of the applicable Regional Water Quality closed disposal sites. There are eleven (11) San Control Board; Bernardino County-operated landfills listed, b) Require or result in the construction of new including both regional and local facilities. In water or wastewater treatment facilities or addition, 52 other facilities encompassing the full expansion of existing facilities, the complement of solid waste services are identified construction of which could cause in the SWIS, including facilities operated and significant environmental effects; managed by the County of San Bernardino c) Require or result in the construction of new Department of Public Works, Solid Waste storm water drainage facilities or expansion Management Division (SWMD) and facilities of existing facilities, the construction of operated and managed by private owners/ which could cause significant operators. The SWMD is responsible for the environmental effects; operation and management of the County’s solid d) Have sufficient water supplies available to waste disposal system which consists of six serve the project from existing entitlements regional landfills, five community collection and resources, or are new or expanded centers, and eight transfer stations. entitlements needed; e) Require or result in a determination by the City of Chino Hills Municipal Code Chapter 13.20 wastewater treatment provider which serves Integrated Waste Management. This ordinance or may serve the project that it has establishes municipal procedures for controlling adequate capacity to serve the project’s vectors and carrying out the mandatory duties projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments;

105 f) Be served by a landfill with sufficient California Integrated Waste Management Board, permitted capacity to accommodate the Solid Waste Information System project’s solid waste disposal needs; (http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/SWIS/)

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-258 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

g) Comply with federal, state, and local Would the project: statutes and regulations related to solid b) Require or result in the construction of new waste water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the 4.15.4 Project Impacts construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? Would the project: a) Would the General Plan Update result in Water Supply and Treatment Facilities exceedance of wastewater treatment As discussed earlier in Section 4.15.2, total water requirements of the applicable Regional Water demand in the City for 2034/2035 is projected to Quality Control Board? increase by approximately 18% from current The same types of residential and non-residential levels, to approximately 20,950 acre-feet per wastewater would continue to be generated year. To meet the projected long-term increases throughout the City, as growth continues into the in water demand as the City continues to grow future. No new types of land uses that would toward the build out levels anticipated in the require unique wastewater treatment processes General Plan Update, expansions and upgrades of are anticipated. Volumes of wastewater collected regional and local water supply and treatment by the City’s sanitary sewer system and conveyed facilities would be needed. The City will continue for treatment at IEUA’s facilities would increase to update and implement its water system master over time, from approximately 7.90 million plan to identify deficiencies and needs for system gallons per day in 2010/2011 to approximately expansion, and to design and construct improve- 9.35 MGD in 2034/2035. Wastewater from the ments in a timely and cost-effective manner. The City would be comprised of the same chemical regional water supply entities that provide most mixtures as wastewater generated by other of the City’s water resources also conduct their communities in the IEUA service area and would own master planning programs to identify not significantly affect the treatment processes or locations, timing, and scope of water facility waste discharge requirements mandated by upgrades that are needed to increase the SARWQCB in the NPDES Permits issued to operate amounts of water delivered to the City. IEUA’s RP-5. Impacts of the General Plan Update Environmental impacts associated with related to wastewater treatment requirements construction of local water system improvements would be less than significant. would primarily affect the streets where the water pipelines and appurtenant facilities are located. Mitigation Measure Common impacts include temporary street or None required lane closures and disruption and/or diversion of normal traffic flows, temporary disruption/ diversion of pedestrian and bicycle traffic, Impact Finding temporary displacement of street parking; Less than significant increased noise in the immediate vicinity of the active construction zone, and localized increases in gas and dust emissions from construction machinery and earth moving activities. Such impacts are rarely significant and are handled through a variety of routine construction control measures. At the time specific water system improvements are being designed, the City will

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-259 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

evaluate the environmental impacts associated from 7.4 to a total of 9.35 MGD. Through its with a set of improvements, and will identify ongoing sewer system monitoring and capital specific project mitigation measures to reduce improvements program, the City will be able to impacts to acceptable levels. Through these identify locations within their local and trunk existing monitoring, planning, and construction sewer network that may become deficient due to control measures, the General Plan Update would increased volumes, and to develop plans for have a less than significant impact involving construction of improvements to provide incremental upgrades of the local water system. additional capacity that may be needed, in a timely and cost–effective manner. Environmental impacts associated with construction of regional water supply and Environmental effects typically associated with treatment facilities would include the same types replacement and upgrading of local sewer system of impacts noted above, when the improvements facilities that are located primarily in the City’s involve water facilities found within the street streets include temporary street or lane closures, network. Construction to upgrade/expand other restricted traffic flows or diversions, temporary types of facilities, such as well fields, desalters, closures or diversions of pedestrian and bicycle treatment facilities, pump stations, turnouts, paths, and temporary displacement of street pipelines, groundwater storage, etc. would result parking, along with localized work day noise, dust in a variety of different and potentially more and exhaust emissions. These types of impacts significant types of environmental impacts. Each would be temporary and are considered ordinary, regional water supply entity that serves the City is minor impacts associated with sewer construction responsible for assessing the environmental projects. Individual project traffic control, noise effects of its water facilities improvements, prior reduction, and air pollution reduction plans would to approving any specific project, pursuant to be devised for each project at the time CEQA. Through this existing regulatory process, engineering plans are finalized and the City would the environmental impacts of each water be responsible for ensuring that those control improvement project will be identified, based on measures are properly implemented. Given this the locational, environmental, and engineering standard procedures, temporary construction characteristics of each project. Measures to impacts associated with future improvements to mitigate potentially significant impacts can then the City’s sanitary sewer system would be less be defined to reduce those impacts. than impact.

Since water demand in the City would increase IEUA’s RP-5 and CCWRF facilities each currently incrementally, over time, and since the City’ water handle approximately 10 MGD flows, and RP-5 is demand represents only a portion of the water planned to ultimately treat up to 60 MGD through demand served by the regional water supply phased expansions.106 Increases in wastewater entities, the proportional impact of the General flows from Chino Hills into RP-5 would occur Plan Update involving construction of future water gradually and incrementally over the next 20 to supply and treatment facilities is considered to be 25 years as additional growth occurs in less than significant. accordance with the updated Land Use Plan. Flows from Chino Hills, along with flows from other Wastewater Collection, Conveyance and areas served by RP-5 would eventually require upgrades and expansions of IEUA’s wastewater Treatment Facilities conveyance and treatment facilities. IEUA’s As noted above, wastewater flows into the City’s sanitary sewer system for conveyance to IEUA’s RP-5 and CCWRF treatment facilities are expected 106 http://www.ieua.org/facilities/rp5.html; accessed to increase by 1.45 MGD over the next 25 years, March 7, 2014

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-260 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

master planning program will continue to monitor deficiencies in the local storm drainage system inflows and treatment levels, monitor continuing and to expand the system where needed to growth throughout its service area, and develop handle increased runoff from planned new plans for construction of treatment plant and development. Construction of new or expanded interceptor sewers expansions in a timely and City storm drainage facilities would be required to cost effective manner. Each new development handle runoff from new development that occurs project in the City, and in other jurisdictions as growth continues toward the build-out within IEUA’s service area, is required to pay a conditions envisioned in the updated Land Use sewer system connection fee that helps fund Plan. Pursuant to the City’s existing municipal maintenance and expansion of IEUA’s conveyance code regulations and updated Safety Element and treatment facilities. IEUA examines environ- Actions S-2.2.1 thru S-2.2.4, each new project mental impacts associated with facilities upgrades must evaluate the storm runoff generated by the through the CEQA process, and through that project and its impact on the local storm drainage process it can identify the specific range and level network, and each project will be responsible for of impacts associated with the particular funding and/or building necessary drainage wastewater facilities that are being designed at facilities that integrate with the City’s storm the time. Through these existing and continuing drainage network to handle the increased runoff fee and environmental impact review programs, from the developed site. The City may require the impacts of the additional wastewater retention of some portion of the developed site generated in the City on IEUA RP-5 and its runoff to reduce discharges to the storm drainage conveyance facilities would be reduced to less network. Through implementation of the Storm than significant. Drain Master Plan, existing municipal code regulations and these Safety Element Actions, Mitigation Measure adequate storm drainage controls will be provided in conjunction with new development None required and impacts on the City’s storm drainage network would be less than significant. Impact Finding Environmental impacts associated with new storm Less than significant drainage facilities will be determined at the time future development projects are being reviewed by the City planning and engineering departments Would the project: for a land use approval, as required under the c) Require or result in the construction of new City’s local CEQA rules and implementation storm water drainage facilities or expansion procedures. This standard environmental review of existing facilities, the construction of which effort will ensure that the specific environmental could cause significant environmental effects? effects and the magnitude of those effects are This threshold is intended to identify potential identified and that measures to mitigate impacts to the storm drainage networks potentially significant effects are incorporated maintained by public agencies. In Chino Hills, into the project design and construction local storm drain facilities are owned and requirements. Through the City’s standard maintained by the City, and regional facilities are engineering procedures and its environmental owned and maintained by the SBCFD, as review process, impacts associated with future previously described. expansions to the local storm drainage network would be less than significant. The City will continue to update and implement the Storm Drain Master Plan to correct existing

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-261 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

The updated Land Use Plan restricts and representing an 18% increase over Year 2010/11 discourages new development along natural average conditions. streams and in any area affected by flood The 2010 UWMP also forecasts future water supply hazards. New development projects would not be capacity from all of the City’s water resources, allowed to discharge site runoff directly into any analyzes the reliability of those resources, SBCFCD facilities. As such, future growth assesses potential impacts due to drought envisioned by the General Plan Update would conditions, reductions in the availability of have a less than significant impact on regional imported water, water quality problems, or other drainage and flood control facilities. supply constraints. The UWMP forecasts indicate that the City will have more than enough water Mitigation Measure supplies to meet projected demand levels from all None required types of water consumers, through 2034/2035. Total water supplies during normal rainfall years Impact Finding are projected at a constant volume of 27,250 acre-feet/year between 2014/2015 and Less than significant 2034/2035, with 62.4% supplied by imported water, 15.4% supplied by the City’s local groundwater wells, 15.4% from Chino Hills Basin Would the project: desalted water, and 6.8% from recycled water. d) Have sufficient water supplies available to During periods of prolonged drought, total water serve citywide water demands from existing supplies could decline by as much as 10,955 acre- entitlements and resources, or are new or feet per year, mostly as a result of diminished expanded entitlements needed? imported water supplies. To meet the City’s The City currently has water supply entitlements increasing water demands and maintain supply from the following sources.107 reliability in normal and dry year conditions, the UWMP identifies the following key strategies for Table 4-54 – Water Supply Entitlements, City of water conservation, achieving water quality Chino Hills standards, demand management, expanded Water Facilities Authority/Monte Vista Water 22,650 acre-feet/year District production of water resources and water shortage Chino Basin Desalter Program 4,200 acre-feet/year contingencies: Chino Groundwater Basin 4,195 acre-feet/year IEUA Recycled Water 1,850 acre-feet/year Water Conservation Program

Table 4-49 through Table 4-53 presented earlier In addition to its own operational conservation in this section summarize the City’s 2010 UWMP programs, the City is also a participating member projections for City future water needs through in the IEUA Regional Water Efficiency Business the 2035. The projections are based on 5-year Plan. The City intends to achieve its targets for increments for a 20-year period, and presented this plan through the combination of its own by class of water user, number of account and internal conservation programs and the regional AFY of water demand. These projections indicate conservation program efforts, as described below. that water requirements for Year 2035 would The City will also convert some of its existing total approximately 20,950 acre-feet per year, potable water irrigation customers to recycled water. The City will track monthly production, and daily customer demands to evaluate program 107 Urban Water Management Plan 2010 for City of effectiveness and change or modify programs as Chino Hills, Table 4-2b. Prepared by RBF Consulting, necessary to maintain compliance. The City also May 2012

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-262 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

supports IEUA’s efforts to continually track and climate change, energy use and greenhouse gas evaluate the regional conservation program for emissions, endangered species protection and effectiveness and cost efficiency. conveyance needs in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta system. The City’s water conservation program consists of the following administrative, financial, A major part of the IRP is use of the Chino Basin for educational, technological strategies which have groundwater storage and recovery. During periods been adopted by the California Urban Water of drought, when imported water is not in Conservation Council (CUWCC), and/or are sufficient supply to meet all demands, MWDSC implemented through IEUA and Metropolitan directs Chino Hills and all Chino Basin retail Water District of Southern California regional agencies to decrease their imported water use and programs. make-up the supply by producing groundwater from MWDSC’s groundwater storage account in the • Conservation Coordinator Basin. MWDSC has also been expanding • Water Waste Prevention development of its water rights transfer and water • Water Loss Control storage and banking programs. • Metering with Commodity Rates • Retail Conservation Pricing MVWD’s Capital Improvements Program includes a • Public Information number of improvements to be constructed in the • School Education next 10 years, and additional improvements to be • Free High Efficiency Sprinkler Nozzles constructed in the next 30 years. These improve- • GeoSmart Landscape Finance ments would repair and/or upgrade existing • Save a Buck facilities and build additional facilities to eliminate • SoCalWater$mart current supply deficiencies and to improve • Smart Controller Direct Installation reliability of its supplies through the year 2039. • Water Budget Development • Landscape Evaluation Improving Reliability of Groundwater • Multifamily High Efficiency Toilets Direct Installation The Chino Basin Watermaster developed an integrated set of water management goals to increase the use of local water supplies to help Improving Reliability of Imported Water “drought-proof” the Chino Basin. These goals As noted earlier, the City (through the IEUA) were incorporated into the Optimum Basin purchases a significant amount of water each year Management Plan (OBMP), which is designed to from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern preserve and enhance the safe yield and the water California (MWDSC), which imports approximately quality of the Chino Basin. A main goal is to make half of its water supply from the State Water it possible for all groundwater users to produce Project (SWP) and the Colorado River. To respond water from the basin for beneficial uses at an to SWP reliability challenges, MWDSC adopted an affordable cost. The OBMP is intended to allow for Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) in 1996, to select continued reliance on groundwater for beneficial and implement a Preferred Resource Mix use within the basin while minimizing demand for consisting of complementary investments in local imported water, and to encourage beneficial use water resources, imported supplies, and demand- of the large available storage space in the aquifer side management that meet the region’s system. The OBMP actions are intended to benefit reliability goals in an environmentally sound both local and regional water supply programs. manner. The IRP was most recently updated in In January 2008, the City entered into the Joint 2010, and it outlines emerging trends related to Dry-Year Yield Project Agreement (DYY) with MVWD

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-263 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

and IEUA. Prior to this, IEUA received Proposition Improving Water Quality 13 grant funding from the State of California for Water quality in much of the Chino Basin is City and MVWD projects, to enhance the use of excellent, and meets the water quality standards stored water under the DYY program. In a for drinking water established by the California cooperative effort between the three agencies, the Department of Public Health. The City’s City and MVWD developed groundwater pumping to groundwater wells, however, are located in part of pump DYY stored water when “called” upon by the western fringe of the Basin where nitrate MWDSC. This resulted in the development of concentrations and levels of Total Dissolved Salts another well at an existing MVWD well site, sharing (TDS) exceed the State’s water quality standards. of its capacity as well as operation and Several of the City’s wells require blending to maintenance, and MVWD acceptance of the City’s meet standards. The City’s 2005 Water Master capacity reduction obligation of imported water Plan identified areas to the north and east of the from MWDSC (through IEUA and WFA). This, and City’s existing wells with more favorable pumping the DYY program as a whole, optimizes Basin conditions and better groundwater quality, and storage and supplies, and reduces demand on recommended development of new extraction imported water supplies. wells in those areas.

Improving Recycled Water Reliability The SARWQCB and the Chino Basin Watermaster have developed water quality standards and As a member of the IEUA, the City is committed to management programs that are mitigating water providing a safe and reliable recycled water quality issues in the Chino Groundwater Basin. system. This is a critical component of the IEUA Treatment processes, including the construction water resources management strategy and of desalters and the removal of agricultural and recycled water is recognized as a highly reliable industrial waste and brine are costly, but an source of water during periods of water essential part of the overall strategy to ensure shortages. The City participates in IEUA’s maximum use of groundwater supplies. Recycled Water Three-Year Business Plan. Imported water purchased from MWDSC is treated The IEUA has assured the City that adequate at the WFA treatment plant, where ongoing recycled water will be available when needed and monitoring is conducted to ensure that the water is actively promoting the use of this resource in meets all applicable water quality standards. The the City and elsewhere in its service area. IEUA City does not expect imported water quality to recognizes development of local recycled water affect reliability of imported water supplies. facilities by its various retail agencies will be the key to expanding the direct use of recycled water. Direct uses include irrigation for landscaping, Water Shortage Contingencies industrial process and cooling, and recreational In 2008, the City adopted Ordinance No. 214 to uses. The City and IEUA may consider expansion conserve water and regulate the use of water of local facilities in the north end of the City. The under shortage conditions. City could potentially expand its southerly system which would require pumping and additional Continued implementation of these water transmission and storage capacity. Transmission resource management programs is expected to and storage is in the planning stages that could be sufficient to allow the City to meet its water significantly expand the City’s recycled water use needs for at least the next 20 years. The 2010 beyond what is currently planned for. UWMP does not identify a need to purchase additional water supply entitlements. Growth envisioned by the General Plan Update, therefore,

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-264 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

would not have a significant impact involving Would the project: water supply entitlements. f) Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the Mitigation Measure project’s solid waste disposal needs?

None required g) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste? Impact Finding At the current waste generation rate of 2.8 Less than significant pounds/person/day, the City’s total solid waste generation at build-out of the Land Use Plan would be roughly 132.9 tons/day, representing Would the project: an increase of 24.5% over current volumes. e) Require or result in a determination by the Today, the City’s solid wastes that are not wastewater treatment provider which serves recycled or otherwise diverted from landfills are or may serve the project that it has adequate taken to the Olinda Alpha Landfill, in Brea. That capacity to serve the project’s projected facility is scheduled to terminate importation of demand in addition to the provider’s existing any out-of-county waste within the next five commitments? years, and is expected to reach capacity by 2030. As explained above, IEUA’s master planning When Olinda Alpha closes, the City will have a program for its wastewater treatment facilities number of alternative sites to which to transfer will ensure that adequate capacity is provided in their waste, including the Otay Landfill in Chula its conveyance and treatment facilities to handle Vista, the Sycamore Canyon Landfill in San Diego the increasing volumes of wastewater generated County near the San Diego and Santee border, the in the City, as the City continues to grow toward Sunshine Canyon Landfill in Sylmar, the Apex the build-out conditions envisioned in the Landfill in Clark County Nevada, and other General Plan Update. As such, the impact of the landfills owned and operated by Republic General Plan Update would be less than Services, which currently operates 13 landfills in significant. California. The City will continue to update and implement Mitigation Measure its local waste reduction, recycling, and reuse programs to reduce total waste disposal at None required landfills, in accordance with its Source Reduction and Recycling Element. Construction and Impact Finding demolition wastes will continue to be reused Less than significant and/or recycled as required by Chapter 13.40 of the City’s Municipal Code. The City’s current landfill diversion rate of 62% is expected to be maintained or even improved over time. With continued success in the City’s waste reduction, recycling and reuse programs, the solid wastes generated due to build-out of the General Plan would not exceed any landfill capacities and the City would remain in full compliance with applicable State regulations governing solid waste disposal. Solid waste disposal impacts of the

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-265 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

General Plan Update would be less than Wastewater flows from the City into the IEUA significant. collection/conveyance system and treatment facilities would increase incrementally over time, Mitigation Measure as new development occurs. The City’s total wastewater generation into the sanitary sewer None required system of 9.35 MGD, at build-out of the General Plan, would represent a 33.8% share of the Impact Finding existing treatment plant capacity of IEUA’s RP-5 and CCWRF treatment facilities. The City’s Less than significant incremental increases in wastewater flows would not trigger a need for major upgrades to the IEUA 4.15.5 Cumulative Impacts wastewater treatment system; rather, this Continued growth in the City, in accordance with incremental effect, together with the incremental the updated Land Use Plan, will result in effects of added wastewater generated by other increased levels of water consumption and communities that discharge into the IEUA sewer wastewater generation, from all of the same system would require periodic expansions to that residential, non-residential sources that occur in system. IEUA’s existing master sewer and the City today. Total projected volumes of water wastewater treatment planning program will consumption and wastewater generation at continue to monitor flows into its system, ‘build-out’ of the entire City were identified evaluate the conditions of its sewer facilities, previously in this section. identify capital improvement needs, and design and construct improvements in a timely, cost Increasing water demand in the City would effective, and environmentally responsible contribute to regional increases in water demand manner. As a member agency of the IEUA, the that would be served by imported water delivered City will continue to cooperate with their master by MWDSC, desalted and ‘regular’ groundwater planning efforts and to impose sewer system from the Chino Basin, and recycled water connection fees from new development projects, produced at the IEUA water treatment and to help finance improvements to both the local reclamation facilities. As discussed earlier, the and regional sewer and wastewater treatment City’s future water demands can be met through systems. As a result, the General Plan Update existing water supply entitlements and continued would have a less than cumulatively considerable implementation of a variety of water resource impact involving expansions of wastewater management programs intended to use water treatment and collection facilities. wisely and conserve resources in times of water shortage. Sufficient water resource management The City will implement its Storm Drain Master programs and water facility master plans are in Plan to correct existing deficiencies and to place for each water wholesaler, and the City, to expand and improve citywide facilities in ensure that changes in water demand and the conjunction with new development. This ongoing performance of the water transmission system are master plan program will include assessment and regularly monitored and that additional water mitigation of significant environmental impacts treatment and transmission facilities provided in associated with major new storm drainage a timely, cost effective and environmentally improvements. Environmental impacts associated responsible manner. As such, the City’s water with maintenance and upgrades to the City’s local demands associated with build-out of the General storm drainage system would be highly localized Plan Update would have less than cumulatively and would not combine with environmental considerable impacts. impacts from storm drainage project occurring in other jurisdictions. Therefore, future

Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures page 4-266 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

improvements to the City’s storm drainage discussed earlier, the City will continue to have system would not have cumulatively considerable multiple options for landfill disposal, well into the impacts. Since future development projects would future. As such, the General Plan Update would not be allowed to discharge runoff into any not result in cumulatively considerable impacts regional flood control or storm drainage facility, involving solid waste disposal. implementation of the General Plan Update would not result in cumulatively considerable impacts to Mitigation Measure the regional storm drainage and flood control network. None required

Continued updating and implementation of the Impact Finding City’s SRRE, it’s local waste reduction, reuse and recycling programs, and enforcement of its Less than significant construction and demolition waste management ordinance, will ensure that the City remains in compliance with State regulations governing solid waste disposal and diversion from landfills. As

Chapter 4. Environmental Setting, Impacts, and Mitigation Measures Section 4.15 – Utilities and Service Systems page 4-267

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 5. Alternatives

This section discusses alternative strategies to 3. A Chino Hills that protects the character manage long-term growth for the City of Chino and quality of the community and its Hills (City), and compares the environmental neighborhoods. effects of retaining the adopted General Plan 4. A Chino Hills that supports its commercial versus the proposed General Plan Update. and employment centers.

5. A Chino Hills that supports a sustainable 5.1 Purpose and Scope balance of land uses, open spaces, and infrastructure. Section 15126.6 of the California Environmental 6. A Chino Hills that plans for its state- Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines requires that an EIR mandated allocation of housing units provide a discussion of reasonable alternatives under the Regional Housing Needs that would “…feasibly obtain most of the basic Assessment. objectives of the project, but would avoid or substantially lessen any significant effects of the 7. A Chino Hills that supports healthy living. project, and evaluate the comparative merits of 8. A Chino Hills that plans for the the alternatives.” The City’s consideration of maintenance of its open space resources. alternative strategies to manage long-term growth was driven by the objectives established 9. A Chino Hills that continues to provide for the General Plan Update, described in the next ample trails, parks, sports fields, and section. community facilities for enjoyment by the public.

5.2 Project Objectives 10. A Chino Hills that supports a wide range of transportation systems to ensure As discussed in Section 2.3 (page 2-2) of this EIR, adequate and efficient access to, from, the objective of this General Plan Update is to and within the City. achieve a community vision consisting of: 11. A Chino Hills that participates in regional 1. A Chino Hills that continues to reflect transportation planning programs. high quality residential and commercial areas surrounded by a rural setting. 12. A Chino Hills that continues to provide a high level of public services. 2. A Chino Hills that provides ample local shopping, services and employment, and 13. A Chino Hills that continues to provide for a secure tax base to support City adequate public utilities. government and the services it provides. 14. A Chino Hills that supports water and energy conservation.

Chapter 5. Alternatives Section 5.1 – Purpose and Scope page 5-1 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

15. A Chino Hills that supports regional water and there would be no expansions to the City’s quality mandates. circulation network or open spaces and recreation resources. Areas of the City would become 16. A Chino Hills that supports regional stagnant with vacant parcels remaining targets for reductions in greenhouse gas undeveloped, and older properties seeking to emissions. redevelop as a different or larger use unable to 17. A Chino Hills that endeavors to minimize do so. The objectives established for the General risks from naturally occurring hazards. Plan Update could not be accomplished and the ability to attain the City’s vision of its community 18. A Chino Hills that endeavors to minimize character would be seriously impeded. risks from human-made hazards.

19. A Chino Hills that minimizes noise-land This scenario is considered to be purely use incompatibilities and supports the speculative, because the City may not prohibit peace and serenity of its neighborhoods. growth, except through targeted and limited moratoriums, and because population and economic growth would occur due to natural 5.3 Alternatives Considered and factors (births and family expansions), in- Withdrawn from Further migration, and business investment/expansion with or without a General Plan Update. Given the Consideration purely speculative nature and the failure to achieve many of the City’s objectives for this General Plan As discussed in this EIR, non-residential land Update, a No Growth/No Development scenario uses are 75% built-out, and residential land uses was rejected. are 83% built-out. Given the limited area for future development, there are few build-out alternatives that are feasible and/or achieve all or 5.3.2 Higher Intensity Development most of the City’s above-listed Vision Statements. A different land use and circulation plan could However, despite these limitations, the City has facilitate higher levels of development in order to carefully considered several alternative strategies expand the City’s tax base and potentially increase to manage long term growth and achieve its community services, and provide for more local vision, and in this process examined and rejected shopping and employment opportunities. Higher the following approaches. levels of residential development are limited by Measure U that, with the exception of transfers and 5.3.1 No Growth/No Development Housing Element requirements, requires a public (No Project) vote to increase residential density on a parcel within the City. Consequently, a higher intensity In this scenario, there would be no further growth land use scenario may more readily be a major in the City. Current levels of population, housing, non-residential development, such as a large employment, shopping, parks and recreation, business complex, educational or religious infrastructure, and community services would not complex, or recreation venue. The potential change. As such, there would be no environ- benefits of high intensity development would be mental impacts due to growth. Further, there consistent with a number of the City’s Vision would be none of the benefits of managed Statements, notably: growth, such as increasing the supply of housing to meet the City’s fair share needs established in 1. A Chino Hills that continues to reflect the Regional Housing Needs Assessment, job high quality residential and commercial growth would not continue, the City’s tax base areas surrounded by a rural setting. would not expand to pay for improved services,

Section 5.3 – Alternatives Considered and Withdrawn from Further Consideration Chapter 5. Alternatives page 5-2 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

2. A Chino Hills that provides ample local 5. A Chino Hills that supports a sustainable shopping, services and employment, and balance of land uses, open spaces, and a secure tax base to support City infrastructure. government and the services it provides. 6. A Chino Hills that plans for its state- 3. A Chino Hills that protects the character mandated allocation of housing units and quality of the community and its under the Regional Housing Needs neighborhoods. Assessment.

4. A Chino Hills that supports its commercial 7. A Chino Hills that supports healthy living. and employment centers. 8. A Chino Hills that plans for the This alternative, however, would also increase the maintenance of its open space resources. level of environmental impacts associated with 9. A Chino Hills that continues to provide future growth in several ways. To build a major ample trails, parks, sports fields, and new facility, undeveloped land would need to be community facilities for enjoyment by the converted into those urbanized uses, and/or public. increased land use intensities would need to be allowed in undeveloped areas or on property 10. A Chino Hills that supports a wide range already designated for various types of urban of transportation systems to ensure uses. This could negatively affect the character of adequate and efficient access to, from, established neighborhoods through increased and within the City. traffic, noise, and building scale and intensity. 11. A Chino Hills that participates in regional transportation planning programs. Higher levels of development would also generate higher levels of construction phase and long- 12. A Chino Hills that continues to provide a term operational air pollutant emissions, high level of public services. compared to the emission levels anticipated for 13. A Chino Hills that continues to provide for the updated General Plan. Because potentially adequate public utilities. significant and unavoidable air quality impacts involving exceedance of regional emission 14. A Chino Hills that supports water and thresholds have been identified for the updated energy conservation. General Plan, the Higher Intensity Development 15. A Chino Hills that supports regional water Alternative would increase air pollutant emission quality mandates. levels and further increase adverse impacts. Higher levels of development would also increase 16. A Chino Hills that supports regional vehicular traffic along the local and regional targets for reductions in greenhouse gas streets and highways networks and would likely emissions. result in additional, and more severe, congestion 17. A Chino Hills that endeavors to minimize impacts, compared to the impacts identified for risks from naturally occurring hazards. the updated General Plan. Worsened congestion impacts would contradict the City’s vision for 18. A Chino Hills that endeavors to minimize managing traffic efficiently and could result in a risks from human-made hazards. diminished quality of life for City residents and 19. A Chino Hills that minimizes noise-land businesses. These adverse environmental impacts use incompatibilities and supports the would conflict with a number of the City’s Vision peace and serenity of its neighborhoods. Statements, notably:

Chapter 5. Alternatives Section 5.3 – Alternatives Considered and Withdrawn from Further Consideration page 5-3 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Because a Higher Intensity Development for utilities and public services. This would Alternative would increase adverse impacts, this reduce, but perhaps not below a level of alternative was rejected. significance, the two major impact areas associated with the updated General Plan – i.e., 5.3.3 Lower Intensity Development construction and operational air pollutant emissions and traffic congestion at Chino Hills A Lower Intensity Development strategy could Parkway and Peyton Drive which is located in the take a variety of approaches that would reduce central and well developed area of the City. the City’s build-out potential through application of different land use designations that would The loss of proposed Very High Density allow fewer homes per acre in the case of Residential and Mixed Use sites would result in residential uses, lower floor area ratios in the the City’s inability to comply with its Regional case of non-residential uses, and possibly Housing Needs Assessment obligations. Further, eliminate certain land use categories altogether, no significant impacts have been identified with such as the Very High Density Residential and respect to the proposed distribution and Mixed Use designations proposed in the updated intensities of residential uses that would be General Plan. However, given the mostly built-out remedied through a Lower Intensity Development condition of the City, a reduced development Alternative. potential could only affect currently undeveloped Although this scenario would satisfy certain City and unentitled properties, and would require a Vision Statements, most notably Vision General Plan Land Use Map and a Zoning Map Statement 3 (A Chino Hills that protects the Amendment or a Development Code Amendment character and quality of the community and its to result in lower intensity development. The neighborhoods), it would not meet Vision majority of future unentitled development Statement (A Chino Hills that plans for its state- promulgated through the General Plan is located mandated allocation of housing units under the in the southwest portion of the City along Regional Housing Needs Assessment). Butterfield Ranch Road and the SR-71 Freeway or in the northeast portion of the City at Grand Because there would be relatively minor environ- Avenue in the Tres Hermanos area. Although mental advantages and a number of negative reducing density in these undeveloped areas planning consequences associated with a Lower would result in less traffic, this reduction would Intensity Development Alternative, this was not be sufficient to avoid or substantially lessen withdrawn from further consideration. the significant and unavoidable impact projected for the intersection of Chino Hills Parkway and Peyton Drive. 5.4 Alternatives Analysis

The Very High Density and Mixed Use designa- Given the City’s mostly built-out conditions, the tions proposed in the General Plan Update are overall success of the adopted General Plan, and generally created by changing existing the objectives established for the updated commercial designated sites to Very High Density General Plan, the most viable alternatives are or Mixed Use. A Lower Intensity Development considered to be the existing General Plan (the No strategy would instead change these commercial Project alternative) and the proposed General Plan sites to low density residential. The primary Update. environmental benefits of such an approach would be reduced traffic volumes within the Differences between the existing and proposed vicinity of the sites and correspondingly reduced General Plans are minor, as described in air pollutant emissions, and a reduced demand Section 2.6.1, Land Use Plan (beginning on page 2-6) of this EIR. The Updated Land Use Map

Section 5.4 – Alternatives Analysis Chapter 5. Alternatives page 5-4 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

shows 990 acres less than the existing General emission reduction goals. Consequently, the Plan Land Use Map. That difference is due to the existing General Plan would have a potentially exclusion of public and private rights of way in significant impact relative to conflict with the Updated Land Use Map as well as the applicable plans and regulations. This impact correction of mapping errors on the existing could be mitigated through measures that require General Plan Land Use Map. The increase of 780 rezoning of sites to Very High Density Residential residential units is due to the City’s share of the and the adoption of sustainability policies. With regional housing needs as part of the fourth and such mitigation, these land use conflict impacts fifth cycles of the Regional Housing Needs would be reduced to less than significant and Assessment (RHNA) that the Southern California comparable to the proposed General Plan Update. Association of Governments (SCAG) has allocated Mitigation Measure LU-1 requiring coordination to the City. The decrease of 269,000 non- with regional agencies to ensure the 2016-2040 residential square feet is due to the redesignation RTP/SCS correctly incorporates correct City land of a currently designated commercial property to use projections would apply to the existing Very High Density Residential and the new Mixed General Plan similar to the project. Use land use designation, which will allow for a combination of residential and commercial uses. Aesthetics As discussed in the Vision section of the General Because the distribution and intensities of land Plan Update, from its incorporation, Chino Hills use designations would be nearly the same for has envisioned itself as a community with a high the existing and proposed General Plans, there quality of life. The General Plan Update translates would be similar aesthetics impacts. As discussed this overall vision statement into the 19 Vision in Section 4.1.6, Cumulative Impacts (beginning Statements listed above, which accommodate the on page 4-21), no significant aesthetic impacts challenges of a maturing community and state have been identified for the proposed General and regional sustainability and housing Plan Update. There would be no alteration or requirements. disruption of scenic views or vistas, no damage to or removal of scenic resources, within or outside A comparison of the environmental effects of the of state-designated scenic highways. The scale proposed General Plan Update versus the Existing and character of future development would be General Plan is provided for each of the topics compatible with the existing community, under evaluated in this EIR, as follows. the existing or proposed General Plan. The new mixed use designations and the additional Very Land Use High Density Residential designations would not As discussed in Section 4.1, Land Use and allow for building heights, massing and Planning, no significant land use and planning intensities that are different from the existing impacts have been identified for the proposed Municipal Code and/or similar land uses within General Plan Update. There would be no the City. Sufficient lighting controls are in place disruption of the physical character of the within the City’s Municipal Code and through its existing community and no conflicts with any environmental review procedures for new habitat conservation plans. However, the existing development projects to prevent significant light General Plan does not provide new Very High and glare impacts. Density Residential housing site to accommodate the City’s RHNA obligation. Similarly, the existing Agricultural and Forest Resources General Plan does not provide new sustainability As discussed in the Initial Study (see Appendix A), policies that address state and regional GHG no significant impacts to agricultural or forest

Chapter 5. Alternatives Section 5.4 – Alternatives Analysis page 5-5 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

resources would result from the proposed transit opportunities, control business emission General Plan Update; therefore, this topic was not sources, and support regional air pollution addressed in Chapter 4 of this EIR. It is discussed reduction initiatives. These strategies would apply here, to confirm the effects of the adopted and to the adopted General Plan, as well, and would updated Plans would be equivalent. There is no be equally effective for either alternative. forest or timberland within the City and no land Mitigation Measure AQ-2 would reduce the level classified as Important Farmland is proposed to of long-term operational emissions through be converted to urban uses, in either plan. assessment of future development projects to Neither alternative would have a significant identify potentially significant impacts and to impact on agricultural, forest or timberland implement measures to mitigate those impacts. resources. This ongoing project-level review of operational air quality impacts would apply to either General Air Quality Plan alternative and would be equally effective for both. As discussed in Section 4.3, Air Quality (beginning on page 4-31), long-term air quality Given the very minor differences in land use impacts associated with the proposed General distribution and intensities and the levels of Plan Update would be less than significant, with construction and traffic volumes associated with respect to conflicts with the regional air quality build-out under either General Plan alternative, management plan, localized concentrations of air the air quality impacts would be highly similar for pollutants, or odors. Cumulative emissions both plans. throughout the City during construction phases and over the long-term remaining development Biological Resources of the City could exceed SCAQMD-recommended As discussed in Section 4.4, Biological Resources daily thresholds for criteria pollutants that could (beginning on page 4-47), no significant impacts potentially contribute to violations of federal or to biological resources have been identified for state air quality standards and increased levels of the proposed General Plan Update. Because the PM2.5 and ozone for which the air basin is in non- existing and proposed plans have essentially the attainment status. Such impacts are considered to same distribution of urban and open space lands, be significant and unavoidable, given the amount the potential impacts to biological resources of future development envisioned in the General would be highly similar, if not identical. All of the Plan. Mitigation Measure AQ 1 would reduce total same requirements for assessment of biological construction impacts through implementation of resources, identification of potential impacts and additional Conservation Element policies and measures to mitigate significant impacts for new actions to encourage use of lower emission land development projects would apply to either machinery and fuels, enhanced dust control alternative. measures and project-level assessment and mitigation of construction emissions. These measures would be equally applicable to and Cultural Resources effective for the adopted or updated General Plan. As discussed in Section 4.5, Cultural Resources The General Plan Update includes Conservation (beginning on page 4-69), the proposed General Element Policies CN-6.1 and CN-6.2, along with Plan Update would not result in any significant Actions CN-6.1.1 through CN-6.1.6 and impacts to cultural or paleontological impacts. CN-6.2.1 through CN-6.2.3 to reduce total Given that the existing and proposed Plans have operational emissions through strategies to the same pattern of urban and open space lands, reduce automobile traffic, improve building with the same requirements for assessment of energy efficiency, enhance walkability, bicycle and potential impacts and identification of measures

Section 5.4 – Alternatives Analysis Chapter 5. Alternatives page 5-6 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

to prevent significant impacts during future land The proposed General Plan Update includes new development activities, the less than significant Conservation Element policy CN-3.1 and related effects would be approximately the same for actions CN-3.1.1 thru CN-3.1.4, that are either alternative. intended to reduce GHG emissions from stationary and mobile sources throughout the Geology/Soils City. Another new policy is CN-3.2, which establishes a commitment to prepare a Climate As discussed in Section 4.6, Geology and Soils Action Plan with GHG reduction targets and more (beginning on page 4-83), the proposed General tailored strategies to reduce GHGs from municipal Plan Update would not result in any significant operations and to provide information and impacts involving geological conditions, seismic resources to support efforts to reduce community hazards or unstable ground conditions. The wide sources. The adopted General Plan does not geologic character of the City would affect future include these policies and actions, as it was development for either General Plan alternative in prepared many years prior to enactment of state the same way, and approaches to investigation legislation requiring reduction of GHGs (AB 32) and mitigation of geology and soils hazards and assessment of GHG impacts through the would be the same. Less than significant impacts CEQA process (SB 97). If the adopted Plan were to involving geology and soils would be approxi- be retained, these same policies would be added mately the same for either alternative. and implemented in the same way, with the same benefits of GHG reduction, compared to the Greenhouse Gas Emissions/Climate Change proposed General Plan Update. As discussed in Section 4.7, Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change (beginning on page 4-107), Hazards/Hazardous Materials the proposed General Plan Update is consistent As discussed in Section 4.8, Hazards and with the regional Sustainable Communities Hazardous Materials (beginning on page 4-129), Strategy and the San Bernardino County impacts of the General Plan Update involving Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plan. The SCS is a hazards and hazardous materials would be less regional planning-level tool to assess the broad than significant. Pursuant to Mitigation Measure GHG impact of an area in terms of urban form HAZ-1 (page 4-142), the City will continue to and resultant levels of GHG emissions due to monitor site remediation efforts at the former driving patterns. The County’s GHG Reduction Aerojet munitions assembly and test facility to Plan identifies state/county and local control ensure that clean-up is completed in accordance measures to reduce GHGs from various sources with all applicable standards and regulations, and the projected reductions in 2020 GHG prior to future development. This would apply if emissions in the City exceed the targeted level of the adopted General Plan were retained and there reduction established in the countywide plan. would be no difference in the extent of the Based on this assessment, the General Plan hazard or cleanup requirements at this site Update would not result in significant impacts between the two General Plan alternatives. involving GHG emissions. Because the location, Because there is little difference in the land use intensity, and character of future development plans of the existing and proposed General Plan would be highly similar for the existing and Update, there would be little difference in the use, proposed General Plan, the GHG profiles would be handling, transportation, storage, or disposal of highly similar. Both alternatives would achieve hazardous materials in residential, commercial, or regional and countywide GHG emission reduction industrial areas. Safety Elements in both plans targets. contain the same restrictions on transport of

Chapter 5. Alternatives Section 5.4 – Alternatives Analysis page 5-7 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

significant volumes of hazardous materials over use distributions and intensities between the the City’s street network. Both plans have the existing and proposed General Plan, and the same same land uses near the Chino Airport and there provisions for types of land uses and desired are no land use incompatibilities with airport development character, the same approaches to operations and designated safety zones in either design of future development projects would be plan. Both plans have strong limitations on future taken, and all of the same regulatory provisions land development in wildland fire hazard areas, pertaining to prevention of water pollution in site expressed in the Land Use and Safety Element runoff and adequacy of storm drainage systems policy frameworks. would apply to both alternatives. Because the total residential and non-residential development While there are some textual refinements in the capacity is highly similar in the existing and goals, policies and action statements in the proposed General Plans, the total water demand updated Safety Element, the proposed General Plan would be similar and the level of impact on Update retains the same basic approaches to groundwater resources would be similar and less hazard prevention and mitigation as the adopted than significant, as discussed in Section 4.9, Plan. Goal S-3: Achieve Adequate Emergency Hydrology and Water Quality (beginning on Services, and its related policy and actions, are new page 4-147). Both plans have the same aspects of the Safety Element that do not appear in provisions to restrict development within the adopted Safety Element. These express a long- designated flood hazard areas and neither plan standing City commitment to ensure there are would expose homes or other structures to adequate police, fire, and emergency medical hazards involving dam inundation, mudflows, services available to support new development and seiche or tsunami. maintain the desired levels of service throughout the City. So, while these measures are new aspects of the Safety Element, they are not really new Mineral Resources approaches for the City, and would be As discussed in the Conservation Element and in implemented for either General Plan alternative. the Initial Study prepared at the beginning of the Less than significant impacts involving hazards and EIR process (see Appendix A), no mineral hazardous materials would be highly similar for resources of statewide or regional importance both alternatives. have been identified in the City. As such, this topic was not addressed in Section 4. It is Hydrology and Water Quality discussed here, to confirm there would be no differences with respect to mineral resources As discussed in Section 4.9, Hydrology and Water between the adopted or proposed General Plans. Quality (beginning on page 4-147), impacts of the proposed General Plan Update involving There are a number of oil wells, mostly located in hydrology and water quality would be less than areas designated for Agriculture/Ranches; significant, with mitigation to require assessment however, there are no large-scale oil fields or of potential impacts to and possible uses of other mineral extraction activities. It is possible groundwater resources at such time as a plan for that additional oil wells might be drilled in those development of the Boys Republic site may be areas in the future, under the adopted or submitted. The City will also continue to evaluate proposed General Plan alternatives. Since there each new development proposal to ensure that are no significant mineral resource areas within adequate storm drainage and flood protection is the City, neither the existing or proposed General provided and that any new flood control improve- Plans would have an adverse impact on such ments have adequate financing for construction resources. and maintenance. Given the highly similar land

Section 5.4 – Alternatives Analysis Chapter 5. Alternatives page 5-8 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Noise Population and Housing The primary noise source in the City is and will As discussed in Section 4.11, Population and continue to be roadway traffic noise. There are no Housing (beginning on page 4-187), The proposed other significant noise sources such as air traffic, General Plan includes a new Mixed Use designation rail traffic, mining operations, and outdoor that would allow for a mixture of residential and industrial activities. Neither the existing or commercial uses in selected nodes along major proposed General Plan would introduce such major arterials, and also designates additional sites for noise sources. The level of roadway traffic and High Density housing, in order to achieve the City’s associated noise levels would be similar for both housing supply allocations under the Regional plans, since the type, distribution, and intensities Housing Needs Assessment. As a result, the of land uses are highly similar. As discussed in proposed General Plan increases the build-out Section 4.10, Noise (beginning on page 4-167), the housing supply by approximately 780 units, proposed Noise Element policies contain sufficient compared to the existing plan. This would increase provisions to reduce long-term noise impacts the City’s population capacity by approximately associated with roadway traffic noise to less than 2,340 persons (780 homes × average 3 persons significant for the proposed General Plan. This per household). Non-residential uses would be assessment would also apply to the existing reduced slightly, by approximately 269,000 square General Plan. feet. No land previously planned for open space and conservation uses would be changed to some Construction activities generate temporary and form of urban land use designation and no new highly localized noise impacts that are typically infrastructure facilities are proposed that could considered acceptable as long as they are limited induce previously unplanned growth, in either to typical weekday and Saturday daylight work General Plan alternative. Neither Plan would periods. If there are unique geological circum- authorize removal of existing housing or stances requiring special construction methods displacement of people from their current employing high vibration equipment such as pile residences. There would be no adverse impacts drivers, or some unusual type of building involving population and housing for either construction requiring other special tools or alternative. methods that involve pronounced noise impacts and groundborne vibration, some project-specific mitigation measures may be required to reduce the Public Services level of noise and ground vibration to prevent No significant impacts involving increased demand significant impacts to adjacent land uses. Potential for or construction of new public services and construction noise impacts would be the same for facilities were identified in Section 4.12, Public the existing or proposed General Plan, since the Services (beginning on page 4-193). Given the same types of land uses and same methods of mostly built out character of the City, existing construction would occur in either alternative. police and fire stations, schools, library facilities, parks and the existing Civic Center provide Pursuant to Mitigation Measure N-1, the City will adequate levels of service for the existing establish standards for assessing and controlling population. Incremental expansions of these groundborne noise and vibration impacts from existing resources are anticipated to be sufficient new construction projects. This would reduce to support the remaining growth in the City, under potential impacts to less than significant for the the existing or proposed General Plan alternatives. existing and proposed General Plan alternatives.

Chapter 5. Alternatives Section 5.4 – Alternatives Analysis page 5-9 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Recreation and proposed General Plans, daily and peak hour traffic generation would be highly similar. The As discussed in Section 4.13, Recreation (beginning proposed plan would generate somewhat higher on page 4-205), the proposed General Plan would volumes, due to a higher total number of potential not result in any significant impacts to recreation housing units (+780 homes), but those higher resources. No physical alterations to any existing volumes would mainly affect the intersections parks or other outdoor recreation areas are nearest to the locations where additional housing proposed in the existing or proposed plans. The units have been added. The effect of those General Plan Parks, Recreation, and Open Space additional housing units has been taken into Element will not be amended through the General account in the traffic study for the updated General Plan Update. Given the highly similar land use Plan. The lower build-out potential for non- distribution and intensities between the existing residential uses (-269,000 square feet) in the and proposed General Plans, parks and recreation proposed General Plan would reduce, although needs would be highly similar, and the locations slightly, long range traffic volumes and impacts on and scope of future parks and recreation the roadway network. The difference in traffic improvements would also be highly similar. Under volumes between the existing and proposed both plans, environmental impacts and any General Plan would not be sufficient to change the required mitigation measures associated with recommendations for additional intersection future recreation facilities would be assessed at the capacity improvements or alleviate the significant time such projects are being planned/designed. and unavoidable impact at the intersection of Chino Hills Parkway/Peyton Drive. Transportation/Traffic As discussed in Section 4.14, Transportation/Traffic Utilities and Service Systems (beginning on page 4-209), traffic volumes would As discussed in Section 4.15, Utilities and Service increase substantially over the long-term, as Systems (beginning on page 4-249) the proposed additional growth occurs in accordance with General Plan Update would result in less than already approved new development plans and other significant impacts involving water supply and potential development consistent with the treatment, wastewater treatment and conveyance proposed General Plan Update. The proposed facilities, drainage systems, and solid waste Circulation Element Roadway Plan will provide disposal. Additional growth over the next 20+ sufficient roadway connections and capacity to years will increase the demand for water supplies, move the projected traffic volumes efficiently require construction of additional water through the City and maintain the system distribution lines and increase the volumes of water performance standards, except for one inter- handled at water treatment facilities. Such growth section. Additional intersection capacity will need would also generate higher levels of wastewater to be provided through geometric reconfigurations, requiring conveyance to and treatment at regional optimizing signal timing, etc. at several locations facilities, would increase runoff from developed (see Mitigation Measures TR-1 through TR-15 in sites that is discharged into the City’s storm Section 4.14.7, Project Impacts (beginning on drainage system, and would increase the volumes page 4-229). At Chino Hills Parkway/Peyton Drive, of municipal solid wastes ultimately taken to projected 2027 and 2037 traffic volumes would landfills for disposal. result in a deficient level of service, even with the signal timing/optimization improvements identified Expansions to the water distribution network and in Mitigation Measure TR-4. water treatment facilities, expansions to the wastewater conveyance system and treatment Given the high similarity in land use types, facilities, and expansions to the storm drainage distribution and intensities between the existing

Section 5.4 – Alternatives Analysis Chapter 5. Alternatives page 5-10 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

system would occur incrementally over time and in would be about the same for each alternative, and different places. All of these systems are managed the disposal methods and locations of disposal through master planning efforts that regularly sites would be the same. update projections on system-wide conditions and The City participates in the San Bernardino estimate the need for new and upgraded facilities, Countywide Integrated Management Plan that along with financing mechanisms to provide describes local waste diversion and disposal additional capital improvements. Through these conditions and outlines programs to achieve master planning efforts, the incremental effects of waste diversion goals. The City achieves additional growth in the City will be assessed. significant reductions in landfill disposal through Design and construction of new facilities would implementation of its Source Reduction and include evaluation of environmental impacts by the Recycling Element (SRRE). Adopted in accordance entities responsible for the facilities, in accordance with AB 939, the City’s SRRE achieves state- with the CEQA laws and guidelines, and for projects mandated levels of solid waste reduction and involving federal funding, would also involve diversion from landfills, which originally required preparation of environmental impact assessments a reduction of 25% 1990 and 50% by 2000. under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Implementation of the SRRE would occur to the Through these existing state and federal laws and same extent under the adopted General Plan or programs, the local and cumulative effects of the General Plan Update and would be equally constructing expansions to the water, sewer and effective with either alternative. Through these storm drainage network will be addressed, and existing solid waste management programs, the mitigation measures will be identified, as incremental effects of increased solid waste warranted, for each project. These existing generation and disposal due to growth in the City regulatory programs would apply in any General would be less than significant, for the adopted or Plan scenario. updated General Plans. Based on the City’s Urban Water Management Plan, existing water supply entitlements will be sufficient to meet increased demands associated 5.5 Environmentally Superior with projected levels of growth over the next 20 Alternative years. This would be the case for the existing or proposed General Plans, which have highly similar Based on the preceding comparison of impacts land use plans and development capacities. between the existing and proposed General Plans, the short-term and long-term effects would be Waste generated in the City is currently transported equivalent, for all topics. The mitigation measures to material recovery facilities in Anaheim, with the identified in this EIR for the General Plan Update remaining waste taken to the Olinda-Alpha Landfill would apply to the existing General Plan in eastern Brea. The Olinda-Alpha Landfill is alternative. Although the existing General Plan scheduled to stop accepting out-of-county wastes would require additional mitigation to ensure on January 1, 2016. At that time, the City will have compatibility with state and regional RHNA and a number of alternative sites to transfer wastes, sustainability policies, with mitigation, both including the San Bernardino County Landfill alternatives would have similar environmental System which currently operates five landfills, and impacts. Both Plans would meet the City’s landfills operated by Republic Services, the City’s objectives for a high quality of life. Both Plans are franchised waste hauler. Given the highly similar considered to have acceptable levels of impact on land use plans and development capacity for the the environment with the exception of air quality existing and proposed General Plans, the volumes and traffic. However, because the General Plan and types of solid wastes generated in the City Update contains new policies that better address

Chapter 5. Alternatives Section 5.5 – Environmentally Superior Alternative page 5-11 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

the community vision for quality of life, economic and environmental sustainability, and provides additional housing opportunities to meet the City’s allocation of regional housing needs, it is the preferred alternative.

Section 5.5 – Environmentally Superior Alternative Chapter 5. Alternatives page 5-12

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations

This chapter discusses additional topics specified term consequences and this must be considered for EIRs in the CEQA Guidelines. These topics to assure that such current consumption is include significant, irreversible environmental justified. changes that would result from implementing the Implementation of the proposed General Plan proposed Chino Hills General Plan Update, ways Update would continue the City’s commitment to in which the General Plan Update could have a low-density pattern of mixed land uses, with potentially growth inducing impacts, a summary most of the building intensity concentrated along of conclusions from Chapter 4 concerning the City’s arterial and collector street network, significant and unavoidable impacts resulting and limited development in the canyons, steep from the growth envisioned in the General Plan hillsides and other rugged terrain. The updated Update, a discussion of energy concerns, and the Plan would not commit the City to any particular environmental effects found not to be significant preferences for resource consumption for in the EIR scoping process. building materials, fuels, and energy. Those forms of resource consumption are driven mainly 6.1 Significant Irreversible by choices made by materials manufacturers and producers of fuel, electricity, and natural gas. Environmental Changes Regulations and policies affecting these economic sectors occur primarily at the federal and state Section 15126.2(c) of the CEQA Guidelines level. The proposed General Plan Update contains requires an EIR prepared for adoption or numerous provisions that support conservation of amendment of a General Plan to discuss the land and resources, most notably Conservation significant irreversible environmental changes Element Policy CN-3.1 and associated Actions that would result from the implementation of that CN-3.1.1 through CN-3.1.4, that specifically Plan. For example, uses of nonrenewable support green building practices that enhance resources during the initial and continued phases building energy efficiency, incorporate renewable, of the project may be irreversible since a large local and recycled materials, and expanded use of commitment of such resources makes removal or renewable energy sources and natural resource nonuse thereafter unlikely. Primary impacts and, conservation. particularly, secondary impacts (such as highway improvements which provide access to a The Roadway Plan in the updated Circulation previously inaccessible area) generally commit Element consists primarily of existing streets and future generations to similar uses. Irreversible highways that serve existing development. The damage can result from environmental accidents entire roadway network will continue to support associated with a project that uses large amounts the land use patterns established by the adopted of potentially hazardous or flammable materials. General Plan, as well as the highly similar land Irretrievable commitments of resources, such as use designations that comprise the same urban new development in forest land or diversion of form and open space system in the updated natural water courses, could have serious long- General Plan. The Roadway Plan provides for the

Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations Section 6.1 – Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes page 6-1 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

future extension of three roadways: Pine Avenue, that provide space to house new residents, jobs Soquel Canyon Parkway and Tonner Canyon Road. and commerce are also examples of direct growth Each of these future road improvements are inducement. Indirect influences include changes in included in both the existing and planned the City’s land use policies to allow for new growth updated General Plan, and have been part of the in areas not previously planned for such growth, or City’s long range circulation plan for several changes in land use policies to encourage and years. Each of these roadways are intended to facilitate a higher intensity of development or primarily serve existing development within the development of different kinds of land uses that City; and none of the planned road improvements are more intensive in terms of residential or non- would result in increased land use intensity over residential populations. Another example of an and above that provided in the existing and indirect influence on growth is when a major planned update of the General Plan. employment center is built and it attracts people who move to an area and search for housing, Because the General Plan Update would not increasing demand to expand the local housing authorize any site specific development activities, supply. no environmental accidents could occur as a result of adopting and implementing the Plan. No changes to existing master utility plans are updated Safety Element Policies S-5.1, S-5.2, and proposed or triggered due to implementation of S-5.3 and associated action measures are the General Plan Update, as discussed in designed to minimize the potential for future Section 4.15, Utilities and Service Systems environmental accidents involving production, (beginning on page 4-249). Expansions to the use, handling, storage, transportation and clean- water supply system, to the wastewater collection up and disposal of hazardous materials, for and treatment system, to the storm drainage example, at former oil and gas extraction sites. system, and to energy supply systems would The City is committed to continued monitoring of occur incrementally, as growth occurs, and there site remediation efforts at the former Aerojet are separate master planning programs in place munitions assembly and testing facility to ensure to address changing needs and capital improve- that remains of hazardous substances are ments planning for those systems. Those master removed in accordance with applicable federal plan programs are not based on the Land Use and state standards, prior to future development. Plan or build-out of the Chino Hills General Plan; rather, they are evaluated with respect to near- term and long-term population forecasts and 6.2 Growth Inducing Effects periodic system deficiency analyses. As such, the General Plan Update would not have growth- 15126.2(d) of the CEQA Guidelines specifies that inducing effects involving expansions of these an EIR must discuss ways in which a project could infrastructure systems. foster economic growth or induce population growth, directly or indirectly, or the construction As discussed above, the Roadway Plan in the of additional housing, either directly or updated Circulation Element, for the most part, consists of streets and highway elements that are indirectly. Direct influences include construction of already in place serving existing development. A major new streets, water, sewer, and storm future extension of Soquel Canyon Parkway is drainage and energy infrastructure that enable and identified on this plan to provide congestion relief support new development and or provide capacity for peak hour traffic loads on adjacent roadways to serve undeveloped land that is currently and intersections, particularly along Pipeline constrained by a lack of infrastructure. Avenue, Chino Hills Parkway, and Woodview Road Construction of new housing and commercial, to the north. Construction of this roadway residential, industrial and institutional buildings segment is a condition of approval for a 59

Section 6.2 – Growth Inducing Effects Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations page 6-2 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

single-family detached home project (TTM quickly expand the local residential and 16106). This extension would be a two-lane employment population. collector, linking only to City of Chino Hills The proposed increase of 780 residential units to roadways. Therefore this extension would not meet the City’s RHNA obligation involves the bring in new regional traffic to the City and would rezoning of two properties from Commercial, not induce growth in areas where the General Agriculture/Ranches and Institutional Plan is not anticipating such growth. designations to Very High Density Residential The Roadway Plan also identifies Pine Avenue for (VHDR). The new 780 residential units could expansion from a two and four lane road to a increase the City’s population by approximately continuous four lane Minor Arterial, throughout 2,340 residents compared to build-out under the its entire length. This extension would improve existing General Plan. Because these new north-south access to SR-71 for existing City residential designations are located on land developments located east of the SR-71, already designated for urban land uses, they do including the Big League Dreams property and the not represent an encroachment into open space Fairfield Ranch residential community. Right of areas where growth has not been anticipated. The way for these improvements is already in place. main effect of these additional housing units and As such, this infrastructure expansion would not residential population would include an increased have growth inducing impacts. demand for public school space, library space and possibly for water and wastewater facilities, Tonner Canyon Road is a potential future corridor compared to the demands associated with a along the western portion of the City through the commercial land use where people are only Tres Hermanos property. Development of this present during the work day and where some road is uncertain due to the expected expense percentage of those people probably do not live and the unknown future disposition of the Tres in the City. Hermanos property. If the Tonner Canyon Road extension were to be built, it would provide The new Mixed-Use (MU) category would shift improved north-south access for the western residential density from currently designated portion of the City and access to the Tres residential properties to currently designated Hermanos property. However, development of the commercial properties. This shift would result in Tonner Canyon Road would not result in no net increase in residential density and would increased land use intensity to the Tres Hermanos result in a decrease in commercial square area over and above that provided in the existing footage. All of the environmental impacts and planned update of the General Plan. resulting from the proposed VHDR and MU designations have been accounted for in the As discussed throughout this EIR, the City is assessments presented in Sections 4.1 through nearing build-out and the General Plan Update 4.15 and no significant impacts have been would result in minor land use changes including identified due to these changes in residential and an increase of 780 residential units to meet the non-residential land uses. City’s RHNA obligation and a decrease of 269,000 non-residential square feet. Because the General Plan Update would not authorize any new major 6.3 Significant and Unavoidable infrastructure project or substantial increases in development intensities, it would not have direct Impacts growth inducing effects involving construction of Section 15126.2(b) of the CEQA Guidelines housing or non-residential land uses that would requires that an EIR describe any significant impacts of the proposed project, including those

Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations Section 6.3 – Significant and Unavoidable Impacts page 6-3 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

effects which can be mitigated, but not reduced impact. Mitigation measure LU-1 will resolve to a level of insignificance. Based on the analyses this inconsistency with the AQMP. of impacts resulting from implementation of the General Plan Update presented in Sections 4.1 Noise through 4.15, the following significant impacts • have been identified, including those with The City is aware of the potential for vibration- measures that would mitigate impacts to below a related damage and interference with activities level of significance and those that would remain at land uses near construction sites, and significant, even after implementation of the typically requires construction control proposed mitigation measures. The latter are measures to minimize such impacts. At this referred to as “significant and unavoidable.” time, however, there are no standards in place as part of the City’s Building Code to regulate vibration from construction activities and there

6.3.1 A. Potentially Significant Impacts, are no policies or actions in the Noise Element Mitigated to Less Than Significant that address vibration problems. Some Land Use and Planning potential for significant groundborne noise or vibration impacts, therefore, does exist. • Chino Hills growth projections included in the Mitigation Measure N-1 would establish a current Regional Transportation Plan/ formal City review procedure to ensure that Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS) potential vibration-related impacts associated prepared by the Southern California Association with construction activities are assessed prior of Governments do not correspond to the levels to construction and mitigated during of growth anticipated in the proposed General construction. This will reduce potential impacts Plan Update. SCAG’s projections are approxi- to less than significant. mately 17% lower for total population, approximately 11% lower for total households Public Services and approximately 2% lower for total employment. This represents an inconsistency with • Future development in the vicinity of Woodview this major regional planning program and is Avenue and Pipeline, Eucalyptus west of Chino considered to be a potentially significant Hills Parkway, and possibly Grand Avenue, may impact. Mitigation measure LU-1 will ensure trigger a need to construct a new fire station. that the next update of the RTP incorporates Mitigation Measure PS-1 specifies that if the the growth projections in the City’s General Chino Valley Independent Fire District (CVIFD) Plan Update. determines that a fire station site is needed as a result of such projects, the City shall work Air Quality with CVIFD to identify and secure an appropriate site. To ensure that adequate • Growth forecasts developed by SCAG for the funding is available to finance acquisition, RTP/SCS are also incorporated into the regional construction, staffing and equipping of fire Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) and are stations to support future growth, Mitigation applied in calculations of future emission levels Measure PS-2 will ensure that the City works throughout the South Coast Air Basin. As noted cooperatively with CVIFD to regularly assess above under Land Use and Planning, the growth fire department needs and to identify funding forecasts in the current RTP/SCS are lower than to support expansion of fire department the forecasts in the City’s General Plan Update resources as needed. These measures would and this is considered to be an inconsistency reduce potentially significant impacts involving with the AQMP and a potentially significant fire protection to less than significant.

Section 6.3 – Significant and Unavoidable Impacts Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations page 6-4 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

• To maintain the desired ratio of 1 police 6.3.2 Significant and Unavoidable officer for 2,000 residents, another 10 Impacts officers and 3 patrol cars would need to be hired to maintain service levels at General Air Quality Plan build-out. Mitigation Measure PS-3 will • Daily levels of construction emissions and ensure that funding for additional police operational emissions that occur as a result of resources is provided through the City’s additional growth could potentially exceed the annual budgeting process. SCAQMD significance thresholds, even with the benefits of the air pollution avoidance and Transportation/Traffic reduction measures included in the proposed General Plan Conservation Element, and the • Future growth in accordance with the updated benefits of the additional policy measures Land Use Element would generate increased identified in Mitigation Measure AQ-1 and AQ- traffic volumes throughout the City’s street 2. There is a possibility that maximum daily network and on the County CMP network. construction emissions associated with Increased traffic would exceed the City’s level individual projects could be higher than the of service standards for one or both peak hours estimated averages in Table 4-11 – Estimated at six intersections and would exceed the Daily Construction Emissions for General Plan County’s CMP standard at five intersections in Build-Out (page 4-39) and that imposition of projected year 2027 conditions. Mitigation Mitigation Measure AQ-1 would not reduce Measures TR-1 through TR-3 and TR-5 impacts to less than significant levels. through TR-10 would expand the capacity of Therefore, construction and operational those intersections through signal timing and impacts associated with General Plan Update geometric improvements that would achieve build-out could exceed SCAQMD regional the level of service standards and reduce emission thresholds resulting in significant and impacts to less than significant at all of the unavoidable impacts. These air quality impacts impacted locations, except the intersection of would contribute to cumulative air pollutant Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive. With levels, and would therefore be cumulatively additional growth projected through Year 2037 significant and unavoidable. (build-out), traffic volumes would exceed the City’s level of service standard at five intersections and would exceed the County’s Transportation/Traffic CMP standard at five intersections. Mitigation • Future growth would increase traffic levels to Measures TR-1 through TR-3 and TR-5 the extent that in projected Year 2027 and through TR-15 would expand the capacity Year 2037 conditions, the intersection of and/or improve the operational efficiency of Chino Hills Parkway and Peyton Drive would those intersections through signal timing and exceed the City’s level of service standard, geometric improvements that would achieve even with the signal timing/optimization the level of service standards and reduce improvements identified in Mitigation impacts to less than significant at all of the Measure TR-4. Those improvements would impacted locations, except the intersection of achieve reductions in vehicle delays and Chino Hills Parkway at Peyton Drive. improve the flow of traffic, but not sufficiently to achieve the level of service standard. Additional capacity-enhancing improvements through physical widening of that intersection could achieve the LOS standard; however, this

Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations Section 6.3 – Significant and Unavoidable Impacts page 6-5 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

approach is considered to be infeasible, due as well as gas and electrically powered systems. to right of way limitations and impacts to Energy and fuels are produced from various adjacent land uses. This traffic congestion sources, including electricity, natural gas, impact would therefore be cumulatively petroleum, coal, renewables, and batteries. significant and unavoidable. A majority of the electricity usage relies on the regional and local electrical grid owned and 6.4 Energy Conservation operated by Southern California Edison Company. SCE generates most of its electricity from fossil Section 21100b(3) of the California Public fuels (primarily natural gas) and nuclear power, Resources Code and Appendix F in the CEQA and through renewable sources such as solar, Guidelines require a discussion of energy wind, geothermal, small hydro, and biomass.108 conservation concerns. These provisions of CEQA SCE’s current energy generation profile is were adopted to help achieve the state’s goal of comprised of approximately 80% fossil fuels and conserving energy through wise and efficient uses nuclear sources and 20% renewable sources.109 of energy. Key objectives include avoiding or Natural gas supplies are provided mainly by eliminating wasteful and inefficient energy usage, Southern California Gas Company, through its reducing or eliminating harmful environmental regional pipeline distribution system. Battery- effects associated with energy production, and generated power occurs primarily at the optimizing energy efficiency. Primary strategies to individual consumer level, including numerous achieve this goal and these objectives are electronic devices and in some cases, batteries identified as: may provide a significant source of off-peak, intermittent or regular electricity at facilities with 1. Decreasing overall per capita energy high electrical power requirements. A high consumption majority of automobiles, trucks and busses are 2. Decreasing reliance on fossil fuels such as powered by combustion systems that are fueled coal, oil, and natural gas by gasoline and diesel compounds that are 3. Increasing reliance on renewable energy refined from petroleum-based substances. Small sources percentages of vehicles are powered by propane Appendix F of the CEQA Guidelines describes a or other forms of gas or by batteries that provide variety of analytics that could be considered for some or all of the energy for the vehicle motors. evaluating energy-related impacts that are The City does not produce or regulate any kinds focused on project level actions, rather than of energy that are consumed in the City, but it broad programmatic plans such as a General Plan does enforce building energy standards set forth update. Nonetheless, this section examines policy in the California Building Code (CBC), which elements of the proposed Plan that affect energy achieve some of the highest levels of building use and energy-related impacts. energy efficiency in the nation. Under CBC, which has been adopted by the City, every new 6.4.1 Current Energy Consumption and residential or non-residential structure that Supply Sources requires a building permit must demonstrate compliance with energy efficiency performance Energy consumption in the City currently consists in the forms of lighting, heating, cooling, communications systems, powering electronic 108 http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/electricity/ devices and appliances, and powering electricity_resource_mix_pie_charts/ automobiles, trucks and a wide variety of 109 https://www.sce.com/wps/portal/home/about- machinery, including combustion-based systems us/environment/renewable-power/

Section 6.4 – Energy Conservation Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations page 6-6 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

standards that affect the design of building integrated wind and solar technologies. The envelopes, mechanical and electrical systems, California Green Building Code standards and the lighting and to a lesser extent, water conserving net-zero building energy requirements for new plumbing fixtures. construction are encompassed in the City adopted Building Code and this will help reduce per capita 6.4.2 Future Energy Use and Sources energy consumption within residential and non- residential buildings. Total energy demand in the City is expected to increase over time, as additional growth occurs, Federal Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) with increases in all types of energy uses that regulations set performance standards to improve occur today. No significant changes in patterns or the average fuel efficiency of automobiles and types of energy usage are anticipated. Per capita light duty trucks. The current federal mandate is energy consumption may decline, however, due that auto manufacturers must produce an overall to existing regulatory programs affecting building national fleet of vehicles that have an average fuel energy consumption, automobile fuel efficiency, consumption rate of no less than 35.5 miles per and efforts to reduce vehicle miles traveled gallon by 2016, rising to a minimum of 54.5 mpg through expanded rail and motor vehicle transit by 2025. Successful achievement of these services and more compact forms of urban land standards or progress toward those fuel efficiency use patterns. Examples of these statewide levels will reduce per capita energy consumption programs are described below. associated with automobile and light duty truck travel, nationally and in Chino Hills. In recent years, the CBC was updated to create a Green Building Standards Code (“CALGreenCode”) SB 375 requires adoption and implementation of to achieve higher levels of building energy regional Sustainable Community Strategies to efficiency, along with enhanced water conservation reduce total greenhouse gas emissions from and reduction of construction wastes. The 2013 automobiles and light-duty trucks. As discussed standards (effective July 1, 2014) require new in Section 4.7, Greenhouse Gases and Climate buildings to achieve higher energy efficiency than Change (beginning on page 4-107 of this EIR), the previous standards adopted in 2008, and the SCS adopted for the SCAG region establishes these standards are to be adjusted upward in per capita GHG reduction targets of 8% below future years. It is estimated that the 2013 2005 levels by 2020 and 13% below 2005 levels standards will boost energy efficiency by about by 2035. Key SCS strategies are to reduce trip 25% in residential construction and by lengths and needs through more compact land approximately 30% in commercial construction. use patterns and infill development. To the extent The California Energy Commission has adopted the SCS is effective, this would reduce total “net zero energy” targets for new homes and travel-related energy consumption on a per commercial buildings, where all new residential capita basis. structures must achieve net zero equivalent The updated General Plan is consistent with the energy use by 2020 and all new commercial regional SCS in that the Land Use Plan structures must achieve net zero equivalent concentrates new growth along established energy use by 2030. “Net Zero Energy” means that transportation routes, creates a new Mixed Use a building produces at least as much energy as it Designation and redesignates other sites for Very consumes. This will require increasingly higher High Density Residential uses in developed nodes performance in terms of building energy along arterial routes to reduce trip lengths and efficiency, along with increased use of on-site and enhance opportunities for other modes of travel, building-based renewable energy sources, such as such as local transit, bicycles and walking. To the rooftop solar photovoltaic panels and building-

Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations Section 6.4 – Energy Conservation page 6-7 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

extent that vehicle trips are eliminated or Action CN-3.1.2: Establish programs that shortened, consumption of gasoline and diesel encourage homeowners to reduce energy fuels associated with vehicular travel would be consumption. reduced. Action CN-3.1.3: Seek available funding Reducing greenhouse gas emissions and sources that can be applied toward green conserving energy are closely related objectives. building programs. The City cooperates with regional agencies to Action CN-3.1.4: Coordinate with state and achieve both of these objectives through the regional agencies to ensure that alternative following policy initiatives: energy facilities are compatible with Chino • “Green” building design in new and Hills’ natural and built environment. existing construction, through the Through the Land Use and Conservation Elements increased use of energy efficiency, as described above, the General Plan Update alternative energy, recycled materials, supports California’s energy conservation goals renewable resources, local materials, and strategies identified at the beginning of this water efficiency, and pollution reduction. section. The updated Plan would not result in • Sustainable development by promoting wasteful or inefficient energy practices, would mixed-use and high density residential decrease reliance on fossil fuel sources of energy, routes next to transportation routes; and would reduce per capita energy consumption transit, bicycle and pedestrian linkages. in buildings and in automobile travel. • Clustering of development and preservation of natural open spaces. • Expanded promotion and use of 6.5 Effects Found Not to be renewable energy resources. Significant The updated Conservation Element includes the following policy and related actions that would Section 15128 of the CEQA Guidelines requires an help reduce per capita energy consumption EIR to disclose those environmental effects associated with homes and non-residential determined not to be significant in the Initial structures, while reducing dependence on fossil Study prepared at the beginning of the EIR fuels and encouraging development and use of process, where potential effects are initially renewable energy sources: examined and impacts that would clearly not occur or be less than significant are identified. An Initial Study was prepared for the General Plan Goal CN-3: Promote Sustainable Practices that Update (see Appendix A) and it found that there Conserve Natural Resources and Reduce would be no impacts involving important Greenhouse Gas Emissions [New] Agriculture or Forestry resources and no impacts Policy CN-3.1: Endorse green building design in involving significant Mineral Resources. As a new and existing construction. result, those impact topics were not addressed in Action CN-3.1.1: Implement green building this EIR. policies that promote increased use of energy

efficiency, alternative energy, recycled materials, renewable resources, local materials, water efficiency, and pollution reduction.

Section 6.5 – Effects Found Not to be Significant Chapter 6. Other CEQA Considerations page 6-8

City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

Chapter 7. Information Sources

7.1 Bibliography 7.2 Persons Preparing and Assisting in the Preparation of the EIR City of Chino Hills 2008 Emergency Operations Plan City Staff City of Chino Hills General Plan (Existing) 1. Joann Lombardo, Community Development City of Chino Hills Municipal Code Director 2. Winston Ward, Assistant Community City of Chino Hills Parks, Recreation, and Open Development Director / Building Official Space Master Plan 3. Jerrod Walters, Senior Planner City of Chino Hills 2009 Storm Drain Master Plan 4. Ryan Gacksetter, Senior Planner 5. Victor Viramontes, Management Analyst City of Chino Hills 2010 Urban Water Master Plan 6. Steve Nix, City Engineer Chino Hills General Plan Update Air Quality Study, 7. Joe Dyer, Assistant City Engineer prepared by Rincon Consultants, Inc. 8. Johnny Davis, Engineering Technician Chino Hills General Plan Update Greenhouse Gas Study, prepared by Rincon Consultants, Inc. EIR Preparers

Results of Biological Overview for the City of 1. City of Chino Hills - Joann Lombardo, Chino Hills, San Bernardino County, Community Development Director California, prepared by Glenn Lukos 2. P3 Services – Randy Nichols, Principal Associates, Inc. Consultant

Geotechnical Conditions Update for City of Chino Hills General Plan, prepared by GMU Technical Consultants Geotechnical, Inc. 1. Cogstone – Sherri Gust, Registered Professional Archaeologist and Qualified Noise Element Technical Memorandum for the Principal Paleontologist City of Chino Hills General Plan, prepared by 2. Cogstone - Molly Valasik, Anthropologist Wieland Acoustics 3. Glenn Lukos Associates, Inc. – Jeff Ahrens, Paleontological and Cultural Resources of Chino Biologist Hills for the General Plan Update, City Of 4. GMU Geotechnical, Inc. – Lisa Bates, Senior Chino Hills, California, prepared by Cogstone Engineering Geologist Traffic Impact Study for the Transportation & 5. Minagar & Associates, Inc. – Fred Minagar, Circulation Element for The City of Chino Principal Consultant Hills General Plan Update, prepared by 6. Rincon Consultants, Inc. - Joe Power, Minagar & Associates, Inc. Principal – Air Quality, Greenhouse Gas

Chapter 7. Information Sources Section 7.1 – Bibliography page 7-1 City of Chino Hills Final Program EIR General Plan Update

7. Rincon Consultants, Inc. - Matthew Maddox, Senior Program Manager 8. Rincon Consultants, Inc. - Karly Kaufman, Associate Planner 9. Wieland Acoustics - David L. Wieland, Principal Consultant 10. Wieland Acoustics - Jonathan L. Higginson, Senior Consultant

Section 7.2 – Persons Preparing and Assisting in the Preparation of the EIR Chapter 7. Information Sources page 7-2