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Of Extinct Rebuilding the Socorro Dove Population by Peter Shannon, Rio Grande Zoo Curator of Birds
B BIO VIEW Curator Notes From the Brink of Extinct Rebuilding the Socorro Dove Population by Peter Shannon, Rio Grande Zoo Curator of Birds In terms of conservation efforts, the Rio Grande Zoo is a rare breed in its own right, using its expertise to preserve and breed species whose numbers have dwindled to almost nothing both in the wild and in captivity. Recently, we took charge of a little over one-tenth of the entire world’s population of Socorro doves which have been officially extinct in the wild since 1978 and are now represented by only 100 genetically pure captive individuals that have been carefully preserved in European institutions. Of these 100 unique birds, 13 of them are now here at RGZ, making us the only holding facility in North America for this species and the beginning of this continent’s population for them. After spending a month in quarantine, the birds arrived safe and sound on November 18 from the Edinburgh and Paignton Zoos in England. Other doves have been kept in private aviaries in California, but have been hybridized with the closely related mourning dove, so are not genetically pure. History and Background Socorro doves were once common on Socorro Island, the largest of the four islands making up the Revillagigedo Archipelago in the East- ern Pacific ocean about 430 miles due west of Manzanillo, Mexico and 290 miles south of the tip of Baja, California. Although the doves were first described by 19th century American naturalist Andrew Jackson Grayson, virtually nothing is known about their breeding behavior in the wild. -
Annual Report 2007 AMERICAN BIRD CONSERVANCY from the Chairman and the President
Annual Report 2007 AMERICAN BIRD CONSERVANCY From the Chairman and the President In the Catbird Seat Gray Catbird: Greg Lavaty member recently mentioned that he thought the threats to birds and what is being done to overcome American Bird Conservancy is “in the catbird them. Please have a look at BNN on ABC’s website, seat.” This saying, popularized by the writer, www.abcbirds.org—we guarantee you’ll enjoy it. AJames Thurber, is generally used to mean one is in a high, prominent, and advantageous position, and so we were Your support is fundamental to our success, and it has flattered by the compliment. In nature, though, it is more increased exponentially through your support of ABC’s often the mockingbird that sits high and visible for all to American Birds Campaign, a drive based on measurable see, while the catbird makes a big stir but remains hidden conservation outcomes. We are pleased to report, at deep in the bushes. Maybe this is even truer of ABC— the campaign’s halfway point, that we are well past our always effective but not always seen! expectations in protecting birds and their habitats! Thank you for being on our team! Recently the New York Times Magazine described ABC as “a smaller, feistier group.” We are proud of being small, But despite what we have already achieved with your nimble, and at the same time feisty in the defense of birds help, ABC is just getting started. This year promises to and their habitats, and that’s why we chose neither the be ABC’s best in expanding reserves for rare species. -
Archipiélago De Revillagigedo
LATIN AMERICA / CARIBBEAN ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE REVILLAGIGEDO MEXICO Manta birostris in San Benedicto - © IUCN German Soler Mexico - Archipiélago de Revillagigedo WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION – IUCN TECHNICAL EVALUATION ARCHIPIÉLAGO DE REVILLAGIGEDO (MEXICO) – ID 1510 IUCN RECOMMENDATION TO WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: To inscribe the property under natural criteria. Key paragraphs of Operational Guidelines: Paragraph 77: Nominated property meets World Heritage criteria (vii), (ix) and (x). Paragraph 78: Nominated property meets integrity and protection and management requirements. 1. DOCUMENTATION (2014). Evaluación de la capacidad de carga para buceo en la Reserva de la Biosfera Archipiélago de a) Date nomination received by IUCN: 16 March Revillagigedo. Informe Final para la Direción de la 2015 Reserva de la Biosiera, CONANP. La Paz, B.C.S. 83 pp. Martínez-Gomez, J. E., & Jacobsen, J.K. (2004). b) Additional information officially requested from The conservation status of Townsend's shearwater and provided by the State Party: A progress report Puffinus auricularis auricularis. Biological Conservation was sent to the State Party on 16 December 2015 116(1): 35-47. Spalding, M.D., Fox, H.E., Allen, G.R., following the IUCN World Heritage Panel meeting. The Davidson, N., Ferdaña, Z.A., Finlayson, M., Halpern, letter reported on progress with the evaluation process B.S., Jorge, M.A., Lombana, A., Lourie, S.A., Martin, and sought further information in a number of areas K.D., McManus, E., Molnar, J., Recchia, C.A. & including the State Party’s willingness to extend the Robertson, J. (2007). Marine ecoregions of the world: marine no-take zone up to 12 nautical miles (nm) a bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. -
La Investigación Bioacústica De Las Aves Del Archipiélago De Revillagigedo: Un Reporte De Avance Huitzil
Huitzil. Revista Mexicana de Ornitología ISSN: 1870-7459 [email protected]. Sociedad para el Estudio y Conservación de las Aves en México A.C. México Baptista, Luis F.; Martínez Gómez, Juan E. La investigación bioacústica de las aves del Archipiélago de Revillagigedo: un reporte de avance Huitzil. Revista Mexicana de Ornitología, vol. 3, núm. 2, 2002, pp. 33-41 Sociedad para el Estudio y Conservación de las Aves en México A.C. Xalapa, Verazruz, México Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=75630201 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto _Ciencia-_ La investigación bioacústica de las aves del Archipiélago de Revillagigedo: un reporte de avance Luis F. Baptista1,* y Juan E. Martínez Gómez2,3 1 Department of Ornithology and Mammalogy, California Academy of Sciences. Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA, 94118, Estados Unidos de América. 2 Department of Biology, Villanova University. Villanova, PA, 19085, Estados Unidos de América. 3 Dirección actual: Department of Biology, University of Missouri – Saint Louis. Saint Louis, MO, 63121, Estados Unidos de América. Correo electrónico: [email protected] * Finado. R e s u m e n Las canciones de las aves se han convertido en herramientas importantes para estudios taxonómicos, de ecología del comportamiento y de selección sexual. En esta contribución presentamos y comparamos las vocalizaciones de 12 especies de aves de las islas Socorro y Clarión del Archipiélago de Revillagigedo. -
A Review of Feral Cat Eradication on Islands
A Review of Feral Cat Eradication on Islands MANUEL NOGALES,∗†† AURELIO MART´IN,∗ BERNIE R. TERSHY,† C. JOSH DONLAN,†‡ DICK VEITCH,§ NESTOR´ PUERTA,∗ BILL WOOD,† AND JESUS´ ALONSO∗ ∗Departamento de Biolog´ıa Animal (Zoolog´ıa), Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain †Island Conservation and Ecology Group, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, U.S.A. ‡Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A. §48 Manse Road, Papakura, New Zealand Abstract: Feral cats are directly responsible for a large percentage of global extinctions, particularly on islands. We reviewed feral cat eradication programs with the intent of providing information for future island conservation actions. Most insular cat introductions date from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, whereas successful eradication programs have been carried out in the last 30 years, most in the last decade. Globally, feral cats have been removed from at least 48 islands: 16 in Baja California (Mexico), 10 in New Zealand, 5 in Australia, 4 in the Pacific Ocean, 4 in Seychelles, 3 in the sub-Antarctic, 3 in Macaronesia (Atlantic Ocean), 2 in Mauritius, and 1 in the Caribbean. The majority of these islands (75%; n = 36) are small (≤5 km2). The largest successful eradication campaign took place on Marion Island (290 km2), but cats have been successfully removed from only 10 islands (21%) of ≥10 km2. On Cousine Island (Seychelles) cat density reached 243 cats/km2, but on most islands densities did not exceed 79.2 cats/km2 (n = 22; 81%). The most common methods in successful eradication programs were trapping and hunting (often with dogs; 91% from a total of 43 islands). -
The Threat of Invasive Species to IUCN-Listed Critically Endangered Species: a Systematic Review
Global Ecology and Conservation 26 (2021) e01476 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Global Ecology and Conservation journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/gecco Original Research Article The threat of invasive species to IUCN-listed critically endangered species: A systematic review Manuel-Angel Duenas~ a, b, *, David J. Hemming a, Amy Roberts a, Hilda Diaz- Soltero c a CABI, Nosworthy Way, Wallingford, OX10 8DE, UK b UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK c US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, 20250, USA article info abstract Article history: We conducted a comprehensive review of the research literature on interactions between Received 29 October 2020 invasive species and species included in the critically endangered category of the Inter- Received in revised form 21 January 2021 national Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. This review reveals that, Accepted 22 January 2021 globally, invasive species threaten 14% (28% on islands) of critically endangered terrestrial vertebrate species (birds, mammals and reptiles), with critically endangered birds (25%; Keywords: 47% on islands) the most affected, threatened predominantly by a few invasive mammal Biodiversity loss predators (mainly rodents and feral cat). The chytrid fungal pathogen is the main threat for Invasive species IUCN critically endangered amphibians. The control and management of the invasive species fi Systematic review identi ed in this study should be a high priority for global biological conservation, thereby Extinction risk contributing towards the achievement of the goals of the Post-2020 Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Further research on the impacts of invasive species and interactions with other drivers will be essential for the conservation of highly threatened species. -
~ Eclectus Parrots
,n '" 11\"~Jji~ f I Socorro Dove Bird ,/ff"/~!~I"lf \' ., .", Eclectus Pet and Supplies Breeding/ Retailers - Parrots Release did you know that one -Grand Program of the most prestigious -Vosmaeri bird publications, -Red sided by Luis F. Baptista The Watchbird San Francisco, California is available for -Solomon resale in your store? • Young, weaned. unrelated Socorro Island, the largest of four pairs. socialized for pets islands that comprise the Revillagi and as breeders gedo Archipelago, is situated about Call or write for infonnation: • Occasional older pairs 240 miles south of the tip of Baja Cal and singles ifornia, Mexico. The island is approx American Federation of Aviculture imately nine miles on each side, and P.O. Box 56218 can (415) 372-6174 rises to 3700 feet at Mount Ever Phoenix, AZ 85079-6218 mann. Ten taxa comprise its landbird (602) 484-0931 or send SASE to: fauna, including four endemic spe cies and six endemic subspecies. The Laurella Desborough former includes one endemic genus, P.O. Box 2731 12 the Socorro Mockingbird (Mimodes Concord. California 94527 graysoni). In 1867, the noted wildlife artist AndrewJackson Grayson and his son Ned visited the island. On the 20th of May of that year ed returned from a morning of exploring and hunting exclaiming with the joy of discovery, "A new dove, a new dove!" Ned had discovered what we today know as Grayson's Dove or the Socorro Dove (Zenaida graysoni). The Socorro Dove is a striking species. It is a close relative of the Mourning Dove (z. macroura), but the former is about 40 percent heav ier than the latter species. -
Phylogenetic Relationships of the Mockingbirds and Thrashers (Aves: Mimidae) ⇑ Irby J
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 63 (2012) 219–229 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogenetic relationships of the mockingbirds and thrashers (Aves: Mimidae) ⇑ Irby J. Lovette a, , Brian S. Arbogast b, Robert L. Curry c, Robert M. Zink d, Carlos A. Botero e, John P. Sullivan a, Amanda L. Talaba a, Rebecca B. Harris a, Dustin R. Rubenstein f, Robert E. Ricklefs g, Eldredge Bermingham h a Fuller Evolutionary Biology Program, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd., Ithaca, NY 14950, USA b Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Rd., Wilmington, NC 28403, USA c Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, USA d Bell Museum, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA e National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, 2024 W Main St., Suite A200, Durham, NC 27707, USA f Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Ave., New York, NY 10027, USA g Department of Biology, University of Missouri at St. Louis, 8001 Natural Bridge Rd., St. Louis, MO 63121, USA h Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama article info abstract Article history: The mockingbirds, thrashers and allied birds in the family Mimidae are broadly distributed across the Received 1 January 2011 Americas. Many aspects of their phylogenetic history are -
Distinguishing Sex of Socorro Mockingbirds by Body Measurements
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL 9: 103–110, 1998 © The Neotropical Ornithological Society DISTINGUISHING SEX OF SOCORRO MOCKINGBIRDS BY BODY MEASUREMENTS Juan E. Martínez-Gómez1 & Robert L. Curry Department of Biology, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, U.S.A. Key words: Sexing, Mimodes graysoni, Socorro Island, Revillagigedo Archipelago, Mexico. The Socorro Mockingbird (Mimodes graysoni) is (Martínez-Gómez & Curry 1995). Estimating an endangered species endemic to Socorro parameters such as sex ratios, sex-specific dis- Island, México (Collar et al. 1992). Although, persal, site fidelity, and survival, however, is widely distributed on Socorro in the past (Jehl problematic: visual sex identification is not & Parkes 1982), a population of about 300 possible because Socorro Mockingbirds lack mockingbirds is now restricted to areas where sexual dichromatism and no discriminant sheep impact has been slight or absent (Mar- functions to sex this species using morpho- tínez-Gómez & Curry 1995, 1996). This neo- metric measurements have been reported pre- tropical species has one of the highest viously. conservation and research priorities ( Parker et Morphometric characters have been used al. 1996). Distinguishing both age and sex is in the past to sex other Mimids. Galápagos critical to the study of Socorro Mockingbird Mockingbirds have been sexed using data col- population structure and demography. Esti- lected from museum specimens (Swarth mates of age-specific parameters can be 1931), and classification criteria based -
AOU Check-List Supplement
AOU Check-list Supplement The Auk 117(3):847–858, 2000 FORTY-SECOND SUPPLEMENT TO THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS This first Supplement since publication of the 7th Icterus prosthemelas, Lonchura cantans, and L. atricap- edition (1998) of the AOU Check-list of North American illa); (3) four species are changed (Caracara cheriway, Birds summarizes changes made by the Committee Glaucidium costaricanum, Myrmotherula pacifica, Pica on Classification and Nomenclature between its re- hudsonia) and one added (Caracara lutosa) by splits constitution in late 1998 and 31 January 2000. Be- from now-extralimital forms; (4) four scientific cause the makeup of the Committee has changed sig- names of species are changed because of generic re- nificantly since publication of the 7th edition, it allocation (Ibycter americanus, Stercorarius skua, S. seems appropriate to outline the way in which the maccormicki, Molothrus oryzivorus); (5) one specific current Committee operates. The philosophy of the name is changed for nomenclatural reasons (Baeolo- Committee is to retain the present taxonomic or dis- phus ridgwayi); (6) the spelling of five species names tributional status unless substantial and convincing is changed to make them gramatically correct rela- evidence is published that a change should be made. tive to the generic name (Jacamerops aureus, Poecile The Committee maintains an extensive agenda of atricapilla, P. hudsonica, P. cincta, Buarremon brunnein- potential action items, including possible taxonomic ucha); (7) one English name is changed to conform to changes and changes to the list of species included worldwide use (Long-tailed Duck), one is changed in the main text or the Appendix. -
NEWS and NOTES by Paul Hess
NEWS AND NOTES by Paul Hess fledged per nest in the native habitat, but only 1.0 per nest Chestnut-collared in the wheatgrass, Lloyd and Martin reported in 2005 (Con- dor 107:363–374). These significantly different success Longspur Habitat rates resulted primarily from greater nest predation in the wheatgrass. The odds of a nest surviving a given day were Say it loud, so loud, ul – ee – ee. Thus did R. D. Harris ren- 17 percent higher in the native-prairie patches than in the der the Chestnut-collared Longspur’s aerial display song 60 wheatgrass plots. Nestlings in the native habitat had two years ago in Manitoba (Wilson Bulletin 56:105–115). Each advantages: They grew faster, and they weighed an average of us might hear it differently, but for everyone, the melody of 9 percent more at fledging than those in the exotic habi- is a beloved earmark of the mixed-grass prairie. Unfortu- tat. Slower growth would extend the nestlings’ period of nately, at many places on the prairie today, the notes are vulnerability to nest predators, and smaller size has been mere whispers of their former abundance; at some places, linked in other songbird studies to a lower probability of survival, the authors said. Unfortunately, the longspurs showed no pref- erence for nesting in native mixed-grass habitat. They were almost as likely to choose the less- productive wheatgrass. Densities of nesting pairs in the study plots did not differ statistical- ly at 1.8 pairs per hectare in the native habitat and 1.2 pairs in the exotic grass—a self-defeat- ing lack of discrimination. -
Bird Reserve Network
The Latin American BIRD RESERVE NETWORK S TOPPING EXTINCTION IN ITS TRACKS American Bird Conservancy (ABC) was founded in 1994, and is the only not-for-profit organization that works solely to conserve native wild birds and their habitats throughout the Americas. ABC acts to safeguard the rarest birds, conserve habitat for declining species, eliminate threats to bird populations, develop innovative solutions to conservation problems, and to build capacity in the bird conservation movement. ABC tracks all bird issues, responds rapidly to the highest conservation priorities, and works constructively with stakeholders to seek win-win solutions that will be effective in the long-term. ABC takes a flexible approach to problem solving, and its programs range from land purchase and restoration to advocacy and education. To help develop the reserve network, ABC identifies priority sites, provides technical support and training, raises funds, monitors and evaluates the progress of conservation action at each site, and provides project management assistance to partners. ABC’s goal is to expand the reserve network to conserve all endangered bird species in the Americas, for each reserve to attain ABC’s Gold Standard of Operational Excellence, and to achieve long-term financial sustainability. Jocotoco Antpitta (AZE, EN, 1): Mark Harper PHOTOGRAPHIC CAPTIONS After each bird species’ name we state whether it is an Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) species (see page www.abcbirds.org 107); we include its IUCN status (CR: critically endangered; EN: endangered; VU: vulnerable; NT: near- threatened; LC: least concern); if it is a country endemic or probable endemic (prob.) the country; and the number of ABC-supported reserves where the species occurs.