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Floristične Novosti Iz Posočja in Sosednjih Območij V Zahodni in Severozahodni Sloveniji – Iv

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Floristične Novosti Iz Posočja in Sosednjih Območij V Zahodni in Severozahodni Sloveniji – Iv HACQUETIA 4/2 • 2005, 173–200 FLORISTIČNE NOVOSTI IZ POSOČJA IN SOSEDNJIH OBMOČIJ V ZAHODNI IN SEVEROZAHODNI SLOVENIJI – IV Igor DAKSKOBLER* Izvleček V pregledu florističnih novosti iz Posočja in njegove neposredne soseščine (zahodna in severozahodna Slove- nija) smo opisali nova nahajališča, rastišča in združbene razmere naslednjih taksonov: Arabis scopoliana Boiss., Chlorocrepis staticifolia (All.) Griseb. (= Hieracium staticifolium All.), Epipogium aphyllum (F.W. Schmidt) Sw., Eritrichium nanum (L.) Gaud., Gladiolus illyricus Koch, Herminium monorchis (L.) R. Br., Iris sibirica L. subsp. erirrhiza (Pospichal) T. Wraber, Lemna gibba L., Leontodon hispidus L. subsp. brumatii (Schiede ex Reichenb) T. Wraber, Luzula nivea (L.) DC., Medicago pironae Vis., Orchis purpurea Huds., Plantago holosteum Scop., Plantago maritima L., Saxifraga tenella Wulf., Scorzonera humilis L., Scorzonera villosa Scop., Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC., Trifolium arvense L. in Viola pyrenaica Ramond. S fitocenološko tabelo smo prikazali traviščne združbe na Banj- šicah in na Kanalskem Kolovratu, na stiku predalpskega, submediteranskega in dinarskega fitogeografskega območja Slovenije. Abstract In our survey of floristic novelties from the Soča Valley and its immediate vicinity (western and northwestern Slovenia) we describe new localities, sites and community conditions of the following taxa: Arabis scopoliana Boiss., Chlorocrepis staticifolia (All.) Griseb. (= Hieracium staticifolium All.), Epipogium aphyllum (F.W. Schmidt) Sw., Eritrichium nanum (L.) Gaud., Gladiolus illyricus Koch, Herminium monorchis (L.) R. Br., Iris sibirica L. subsp. erirrhiza (Pospichal) T. Wraber, Lemna gibba L., Leontodon hispidus L. subsp. brumatii (Schiede ex Reichenb) T. Wraber, Luzula nivea (L.) DC., Medicago pironae Vis., Orchis purpurea Huds., Plantago holosteum Scop., Plan- tago maritima L., Saxifraga tenella Wulf., Scorzonera humilis L., Scorzonera villosa Scop., Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC., Trifolium arvense L. and Viola pyrenaica Ramond. In the phytosociological table we have presented the grassland communities on the Banjščice plateau and on the Kanalski Kolovrat range, i.e. at the contact of the pre-Alpine, sub-Mediterranean and Dinaric phytogeographical region of Slovenia. Ključne besede: flora, travišča, Banjšice, Kanalski Kolovrat, zahodna in severozahodna Slovenije, Posočje Key words: flora, grassland communities, the Banjšice plateau, the Kanalski Kolovrat range, western and northwestern Slovenia, the Soča Valley 1. UVOD uspevajo. Na ta način nadaljujemo niz člankov o florističnih novostih iz Posočja, ki smo ga začeli l. Pri preučevanju flore in vegetacije Posočja v zaho- 1994 v reviji Hladnikia. dni in severozahodni Sloveniji smo v zadnjih letih našli nekaj novih nahajališč nekaterih semenk, ki sodijo med redke, fitogeografsko pomembne, za- 2. METODE ščitene ali kako drugače zanimive taksone sloven- ske flore. Smiselno je, da njihova rastišča podrob- Obravnavane vrste si v besedilu sledijo po abece- neje opišemo in opozorimo na združbe, v katerih dnem vrstnem redu. Floro v Posočju popisujemo * Biološki inštitut Jovana Hadžija ZRC SAZU, Regijska raziskovalna enota Tolmin, Brunov drevored 13, SI - 5220 Tolmin, Slovenija; [email protected] 173 HHQ_4-2.inddQ_4-2.indd 173173 330.11.20050.11.2005 112:40:192:40:19 HACQUETIA 4/2 • 2005 po srednjeevropski metodi (Niklfeld 1971). Nova bližini še vrsta Saxifraga crustata. Leg. & det. I. nahajališča smo zato predstavili po ustaljeni shemi: Dakskobler, 22. in 26. 8. 2003, 19. 5. 2004, delovni kvadrant po srednjeevropski metodi, oznaka po herbarij ZRC SAZU. Določitev je potrdil B. Surina, mreži UTM, kraj (po temeljnem topografskem ze- 28. 8. 2003. mljevidu 1 : 10.000 in po najbližjem kraju v Atlasu O najdbi Scopolijevega repnjaka na severovzho- Slovenije v merilu 1 : 50.000), nadmorska višina, dnem robu Trnovskega gozda, v Govcih pod Stano- oznaka rastišča, datum najdbe in navedba, če je ra- vim robom smo kratko že poročali (Dakskobler & stlina tudi herbarizirana ali fotografirana. Pri fito- Čušin 2003: 107, Dakskobler 2004: 279). Tokrat po- cenološkem opisu rastišč uporabljamo standardno dajamo podroben opis doslej najbolj severnega na- srednjeevropsko fitocenološko metodo (Braun- hajališča te ilirske vrste. Za južni rob Trnovskega Blanquet 1964). Pri ureditvi fitocenološke tabele gozda (Čaven) je to vrsto sicer omenjal že Flei- smo si pomagali z metodami hierarhične klasifika- schmann (1844: 212), vendar te najdbe po njem ni cije in ordinacijsko metodo glavnih koordinat še nihče podtrdil. Več o celotni razširjenosti vrste (PCoA). Uporabljali smo programski paket SYN- Arabis scopoliana in o njeni razširjenosti v Sloveniji TAX (Podani 2001). Pri imenih taksonov sledimo v ter o njenih rastiščih in ekologiji je napisal Surina glavnem Registru flore Slovenije (Trpin & Vreš (2004b). 1995), upoštevamo tudi dopolnila v tretji izdaji Ma- le flore Slovenije (Martinčič & al. 1999). Nomen- klaturni viri za imena mahov so Frahm & Frey 3.2 Chlorocrepis staticifolia (All.) Griseb. (1992) in Martinčič (2003). Pri razširjenosti obrav- (= Hieracium staticifolium All.) navanih vrst v Sloveniji se sklicujemo na že objavlje- ne arealne karte (največ jih je v Gradivu za floro 9848/2 (UTM VM01): Slovenija, Soška dolina pri Slovenije – Jogan & al. 2001), na podatke zadnje Tolminu, erozijsko območje na vzhodnem vznožju izdaje Male flore Slovenije (Martinčič & al. 1999), Bučenice na desnem bregu Soče dolvodno od soto- druge botanične literature ter ljubljanskega univer- čja s Tolminko – nasproti sotočja z Godičo, okoli zitetnega herbarija (LJU). Nomenklaturni viri za 150 m nm. v., ploščasti apnenec z roženci. Zelenka- imena sintaksonov (pri oznaki združbenih razmer sti pečnikovec (le okoli osem cvetočih primerkov) in v fitocenološki tabeli) so: Mucina, Grabherr & smo našli na dveh krajih v naskalni združbi tik nad Wallnöfer (1993), Grabherr & Mucina (1993), Mu- gladino Soče (tabela 1). Leg. I. Dakskobler, 19. in cina & al. (1993), Marinček & al. (1993) in Theuril- 21. 6. 2001, det. T. Wraber, 9. 7. 2001, delovni her- lat & al. (1995). barij ZRC SAZU. Chlorocrepis staticifolia je južnoevropska montan- ska vrsta, značilna za združbe rečnih prodišč (red 3. REZULTATI Epilobietalia fleischeri Moor 1958). Razširjena je v ce- lotnem loku Alp (Aeschimann & al. 2004b: 684). V 3.1 Arabis scopoliana Boiss. Sloveniji uspeva predvsem ob alpskih rekah (Soči, Savi, Savinji in Dravi ter njihovih pritokih), v glav- 9948/4 (UTM VL09): Slovenija, Trnovski gozd, nem v alpskem in predalpskem fitogeografskem Stanov rob, okoli 15 m severovzhodno od vrha (ko- območju (Jogan & al. 2001: 107). To vrsto smo do- ta 1191 m), na nadmorski višini okoli 1175 m, oko- slej opažali na Bovškem (npr. ob Učji – 9646/3, v li 1,5 m visok in v srednjem delu 1,3 m širok stož- Trenti ob Soški poti med Maselcem in Plajerjem in čast dolomitni skalni rogelj. Na njegovi osojni v Zapodnu – oboje 9648/1, v Loški Koritnici pri Ve- (vzhodni strani), površina je okoli 1,5 m2, so v naj- likih prodih in pri Šujču – 9547/1) in v Zgornji Sa- bolj previsnem delu v prečni razpoki razpotegnje- vski dolini (v Mali in Veliki Pišnici, pod Špikom – ne blazinice Scopolijevega repnjaka. Vrstna sestava vse 9548/2, v Krnici – 9548/4, v Planici – 9548/1 in združbe skalnih razpok je naslednja: Arabis scopolia- v Tamarju – 9548/3). Tudi v ljubljanskem univerzi- na 1.2, Phyteuma scheuchzeri subsp. columnae r, Sesle- tetnem herbariju (LJU) so predvsem primerki, na- ria albicans +.3, Primula auricula r, Asplenium ruta- brani na Bovškem in v Zgornji Savski dolini. Čušin muraria r, Bupleurum petraeum (r) ter mahovi: Homa- (2003: 48) je to vrsto našel tudi v povirju Nadiže, v lothecium sp. +.4, Grimmia pulvinata +.2, Schistidium Benetkah pod Velikim Muzcem (9746/1). Nahaja- apocarpum +.3, Neckera crispa +.3; na prisojni strani lišče pri Tolminu je že nekoliko oddaljeno od na- tega roglja rastejo tudi vrste Festuca stenantha ?, Di- hajališč na Bovškem in doslej edino nam znano v anthus sylvestris in Athamanta turbith, v neposredni srednjem teku te alpske reke. 174 HHQ_4-2.inddQ_4-2.indd 174174 330.11.20050.11.2005 112:40:202:40:20 IGOR DAKSKOBLER: FLORISTIČNE NOVOSTI IZ POSOČJA IN SOSEDNJIH OBMOČIJ V ZAHODNI IN SEVEROZAHODNI SLOVENIJI – IV Tabela 1: Združba skalnih razpok z vrsto Chlorocrepis Ravnik (2002: 28), ker ga v naravi težko opazimo. staticifolia ob Soči pri Tolminu Karto njegove doslej znane razširjenosti v Sloveniji Table 1: Rock crevices community with Chlorocrepis (Jogan & al. 2001: 144, Ravnik 2002: 28) dopolnju- staticifolia along the Soča River near the town of Tol- jemo z nahajališči v Mali Pišnici, kjer smo ga v dveh min zaporednih letih opazili na dveh krajih, obakrat v alpskem bukovem gozdu (Anemono-Fagetum). Številka popisa (Number of relevé) 1 2 Nadmorska višina v 10 m (Altitude in 10 m) 15 15 Lega (Aspect) N N 3.4 Eritrichium nanum (L. ) Gaud. Nagib v stopinjah (Slope in degrees) 90 90 Zastiranje v % (Cover in %) 20 30 9747/1 (UTM UM92): Slovenija, Julijske Alpe, Velikost popisne ploskve v m2 (Relevé area in m2)44Krnsko pogorje, Polovnikov greben, Veliki vrh, Mesec popisa (Month of taking relevé) 6 6 okoli 1700 do 1730 m nm. v., apnenec, Potentillo Število vrst (Number of species) 7 13 clusianae-Campanuletum zoysii Aichinger 1933 var. Značilne in razlikovalne vrste združb skalnih razpok Potentilla nitida Surina 2004. Leg. & det. I. Daksko- Character and differential species of the chasmophytic bler, 17. 6. 2003, in I. Dakskobler, B. Surina, B. communities Vreš & T. Čelik,
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